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'''Wanning''' is a city in [[Hainan]] province, [[China]]. |
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:''For alternate meanings, see [[China (disambiguation)]].'' |
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'''China''' ([[Traditional Chinese]]: 中國, [[Simplified Chinese]]: 中国, [[Pinyin]]: Zhōnggúo) is an ancient cultural and geographic entity in [[continental]] [[East Asia]] with some offshore [[island]]s which since 1949 has been divided between the [[People's Republic of China]] (governing [[Mainland China]], [[Hong Kong]], and [[Macau]]) and the [[Republic of China]] (governing [[Taiwan]] and several outlying [[Fujian]]ese islands). |
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The term "China" can narrowly mean [[China proper]], or, more usually and inclusively, China proper and [[Manchuria]], [[Inner Mongolia]], [[Tibet]], and [[Xinjiang]] (see map in [[Political divisions of China]]). In the western news media, "China" is commonly used to refer to the People's Republic of China or mainland China, while "Taiwan" is used to refer to the Republic of China. |
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The historical [[capitals of China]] were mostly in the east. The four most commonly designated capitals are [[Nanjing]], [[Beijing]], [[Xi'an]], and [[Luoyang]]. Official languages once included [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[Mongolian language|Mongol]], and [[Manchu language|Manchu]]. |
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The [[English language|English]] [[word]] ''China'' and [[prefix]] ''Sino-'' probably came from "[[Qin Dynasty|Qin]]" (pronounced halfway between "Chin" and "Tsin"). Others believe that ''China'' may have been derived from the Chinese word for Tea (Cha) or Silk. In any circumstance, the word ''China'' passed through many languages along the [[Silk Road]] before it finally reached Europe. (See also: [[China in world languages]]) |
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==History== |
==History== |
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It is in the east of the island. There is a lot of small towns in this city. It has been a city in only recent years, being just only a county before. |
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''Main articles: [[History of China]], [[History of People's Republic of China]], [[History of the Republic of China]]'' |
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China was one of the earliest centers of human civilization, and became a large united country with an advanced culture at a very early stage, outpacing the rest of the world in areas like [[art]] and [[science]]. |
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Since around [[1000 BC]] China consisted of many small kingdoms. All of these were unified under one [[Emperor of China|emperor]] in [[221 BC]] by the [[Qin (state)|Qin]] state, ushering in the [[Qin Dynasty]]. Over the course of centuries, China underwent periods of unity and disunity, order and disorder. |
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In the 18th century, China achieved a decisive technological advantage over the peoples of [[Central Asia]], while simultaneously falling behind Europe technologically. This set the stage for the 19th century, in which China |
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adopted a defensive posture against European [[imperialism]] while simultaneously extending control into Central Asia. |
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In the early 20th century, the institution of the [[Emperor of China]] disappeared, and China entered a period of disunion started by the [[Chinese Civil War]]. There are now two nations which lay formal claim to the title of "China": the [[People's Republic of China]] (also called "[[Mainland China]]") and the pre-revolution government of the [[Republic of China]] which administers [[Taiwan]] and several small islands of [[Fujian]]. |
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See also: [[Timeline of Chinese history]], [[History of Hong Kong]], [[History of Macau]], [[History of Taiwan]] |
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== Politics == |
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''Main article: [[Politics of Imperial China]], [[Politics of the People's Republic of China]], [[Politics of the Republic of China]]'' |
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After the [[Qin Empire]] unification, China experienced about 13 more dynasties, many of which includes extensive system of kingdoms, principalities, dukedoms, earldoms, and marquisates. However, ultimately, the [[Emperor of China|emperor]] had the centralized authority. The emperor also consulted civil and martial ministers, especially the [[prime minister]]. Sometimes political power, however, fell into the hands of the officials, [[eunuch]]s, or relatives. |
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Political relations with dependencies (tributary kingdoms) were maintained by international marriages, military aids, and gifts. (see section "Geography, Political" below for examples). |
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See also: [[Chinese sovereign]], [[Chinese law]] |
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== Territory == |
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<table align=right width=425> |
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<tr><td align=center> |
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<div style="float:right;"> |
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[[Image:Smaller map of China.png|Map of China with most important placenames]]<br><small>''Areas currently controlled by the PRC and ROC''</small><BR> |
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[[media:map of China.png | Larger version]]</div> |
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</td></tr> |
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</table> |
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Originally in the [[Zhou Dynasty]], China was the region around the [[Yellow River]]. The territory since then had been expanding from the West outward in all directions, and was largest during the [[Tang Dynasty|Tang]], [[Yuan Dynasty|Yuan]], and [[Qing Dynasty|Qing]] Dynasties. From the Chinese point of view, the "Chinese" Empire includes most parts of southern [[Russia]] in and [[Central Asia]] during the strongest periods in Yuan, although China was mere one of territories of the [[Mongol Empire]] in actuality. |
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Like provincial administrators, some foreign monarchs sent envoys to offer gifts to the Emperor of China and the Emperor returned compliments to them. The Chinese ostensibly saw that barbarians attached themselves to the virtue of the Emperor, the foreign people had different perspectives. Since the end of the 19th century, China has tried to interpret this relationship as suzerainty-dependency one based on Western international law. |
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The [[Qing Empire]] reduced the territorial value of [[Great Wall]] as a barrier of [[China proper]]. In 1683, Taiwan became a part of the Qing Empire, originally as a [[prefecture]], then two. |
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Top-level political divisions of China have altered as the administration changed. Top levels inclduded [[circuit (political division)|circuit]]s and [[province]]s. Below that, there have been [[prefecture]]s, [[subprefecture]]s, [[department]]s, [[commandries]], [[district]]s, and [[township]]s. Recent divisions include [[counties]] and [[cities]]. |
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See also: [[Political divisions of China]] |
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=== Geography === |
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''Main article: [[Geography of China]]'' |
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<table align=right width=375> |
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<tr><td align=center> |
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<div style="float:right;"> |
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[[Image:Map_of_China_(physical)_(small).jpg | Map of China with 3-D geographic features]]<br><small>''Physical map''<br></small> |
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[[media:Map_of_China_(physical).png | Larger version]]</div> |
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</td></tr> |
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</table> |
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China contains a large variety in landscapes, with mostly plateaux and mountains in the west, and lower lands on the east. As a result, principal rivers flow from west to east ([[Chang Jiang]], the [[Huang He]] (of central-east), the [[Amur]] (of northeast), etc), sometimes to south ([[Pearl River (China)|Pearl River]], [[Mekong River]], [[Brahmaputra]], etc). All rivers empty into the [[Pacific]]. |
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In the east, along the shores of the [[Yellow Sea]] and the [[East China Sea]] are found extensive and densely populated alluvial plains; the shore of the [[South China Sea]] is more mountainous and southern China is dominated by hill country and lower mountain ranges. |
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To the west, the north has a great alluvial plain, and the south has a vast calcareous tableland traversed by hill ranges of moderate elevation, with the [[Himalaya]], containing highest point [[Mount Everest]]. The southwest also has high plateaus feature among the more arid landscape of [[desert]]s such as the [[Takla-Makan]] and the [[Gobi Desert]], which has been expanding. Due to a prolonged [[drought]] and perhaps poor agricultural practices [[dust storm|dust storms]] have become usual in the spring in China. |
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During many dynasties, the southwestern border of China has been the high [[mountain]]s and deep valleys of [[Yunnan]], which separate modern China from [[Burma]], [[Laos]] and [[Vietnam]]. |
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=== Climate === |
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The climate of China varies greatly. Southern China lies within the [[tropics]]. The northern zone (in which lies [[Beijing]]), by contrast, has a climate with winters of [[Arctic]] severity. The central zone (in which [[Shanghai]] is situated) has a generally [[temperate]] climate. |
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=== Prehistory === |
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The [[Palaeozoic]] formations of China, excepting only the upper part of the [[Carboniferous]] system, are [[sea|marine]], while the [[Mesozoic]] and [[Tertiary]] deposits are [[estuarine]] and [[freshwater]] or else of [[terrestrial]] origin. Groups of [[volcanic]] cones occur in the Great Plain of north China. In the [[Liaodong]] and [[Shandong]] Peninsulas, there are basaltic plateaux. |
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== Demographics == |
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''Main articles: [[ethnic groups in Chinese history]], [[list of Chinese ethnic groups]]'' |
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Over a hundred ethnic groups have existed in China. In terms of numbers, however, the predominant ethnic group in China is the [[Han Chinese|Han]]. Throughout history, many ethnic groups have been assimilated into neighbouring ethnicities or disappeared without a trace. Several previously distinct ethnic groups have [[Sinicize]]d into the [[Han Chinese|Han]], making its population increasing dramatically. The Han, however, continue to speak several mutually unintelligible languages (see [[Chinese language]]s). The government of the [[PRC]] recognizes [[list of Chinese ethnic groups|56 total ethnic groups]]. |
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== Culture and Religion == |
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''Main articles: [[Culture of China]], [[Religion in China]]'' |
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[[Philosophy]] that have had extremely consequential impact on the Chinese culture, literary or illiterate, stems from [[Confucianism]], [[Taoism]], and [[Buddhism]] (in order of appearance). |
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China has a diverse [[religious]] tradition. Some of the religions or belief systems associated with China include [[ancestor worship]], [[Buddhism]], [[Chinese folk religion]], [[Confucianism]], [[Islam]], and [[Taoism]]. |
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[[Chinese literature]] have the longest continuous history and had been more numerous than other cultures' for centuries because of the Chinese invention of [[printmaking]]. Prior to that, manuscripts of the Classics and religious texts (mainly [[Confucian]], [[Taoist]], and [[Buddhist]]) were manually written by [[ink brush]]es and distributed. To comment on these works, printed or written, scholars formed numerous academies, many of which were sponsored by the empire, and some royalties constantly participated in the discussions. |
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Chinese philosophers, writers, and poets have been mostly highly respected, and considered to be those preserving and promoting the culture of the empire. Some classical scholars, however, were noted for their daring depictions of lives of the common people. (See [[List of Chinese authors]], and [[List of Chinese language poets]]). |
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The Chinese created numerous [[musical instrument]]s, such as [[zheng]], [[xiao]], that [[erhu]], that have spread around [[East Asia|East]] and [[Southeast Asia]], especially to its dependencies. [[Sheng]] became the mother of several Western [[free-reed instrument]]s. |
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The [[Chinese character]]s have had many variants and styles throughout the history of China, and was "[[Simplified Chinese character|simplified]]" in mid-[[20th century]] in mainland China. |
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[[Bonsai]] is a millennia-old art that spread to [[Japan]] and [[Korea]]. |
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See also: [[Buddhism in China]], [[Chinese mythology]], [[Chinese art]], [[Chinese paper art]], [[Chinese poetry]], [[Chinese painting]] |
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== Science and Technology == |
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''Main article: [[Science and technology in China]]'' |
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In addition to the above mentioned cultural inventions, technological inventions from China include: |
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* [[Compass]] |
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* [[Printmaking]] / [[Printing Technology]] |
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* [[Paper]] |
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* Eastern [[abacus]] |
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* [[Gunpowder]] |
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Other areas of science are: |
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* [[Chinese astrology]] and [[Chinese constellation|constellation]]s were often used for divination purposes. |
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* One of the main applications of [[mathematics]] in China have been [[architecture]] and [[geography]]. |
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* [[Alchemy]] was [[Taoist]] [[chemistry]], very different from modern chemistry. |
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* Studies in [[biology]] has been extensive, and historic records are consulted upon today, such as [[pharmacopoeia]]s of natural [[medicinal plant]]s. |
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* [[Chinese medicine|Traditional medicine]] and [[surgery]] have been advanced. A well-known example is [[acupuncture]]. However, [[autopsy]] was unacceptable, because of the belief that the [[corpse]]s should not be violated. Nonetheless, there were several [[doctor]]s who increased the understanding of internal [[anatomy]] by violating this autopsy [[taboo]]. |
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==Agriculture== |
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== Miscellaneous topics == |
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The city of Wanning produces coffee, pepper, rubber, rice, banana, sugarcane, and others. |
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==Industry== |
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* [[List of China-related topics]] |
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Tourism plays a vital role in the city.It is famous for its tropical scenery. It takes approximately half an hour to drive to the beach. |
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* [[Chinese name]] |
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* [[List of Chinese proverbs]] |
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* [[Chinese dragon]] |
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* [[Overseas Chinese]] |
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* [[Environment of China]] |
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* [[Imperialism in Asia]] |
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==Climate== |
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== External links == |
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Wanning is hot throughout the year. Sometimes it is a little cold in with temperature of 5 to 8 degrees Celsius. |
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* [http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHEMPIRE/CHEMPIRE.HTM The Chinese Empire]: Washington State University |
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* [http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/ Embassy of the PRC to the USA] |
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* [http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/ People's Daily in English] |
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* [http://www.chinapictures.org/ China Pictures] |
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* [http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/ Chinese Learning Center]: Chinese language information and China Intelligence Reports |
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* [http://sun.sino.uni-heidelberg.de/igcs/ Internet Guide for Chinese Studies: WWW Virtual Library] |
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* [http://HavenWorks.com/world/china China News] |
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* [http://50.1911encyclopedia.org/C/CH/CHINA.htm 1911 EB "China"] |
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* [http://www.asinah.net/chinaprovinces.html Provinces of China] |
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* [http://www.travelchinaguide.com/ China Travel] |
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* [http://www.warriortours.com/ China Tours] |
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* [http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn U.S. Embassy Beijing] |
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* [http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/estnews-contents.html Beijing Environment, Science, Technology and Health Update from U.S. Embassy Beijing] |
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* [http://travel.state.gov/china.html Consular Information Sheet for China from U.S. State Department] |
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''This article is a [[Wikipedia:The perfect stub article|stub]]. You can help Wikipedia by [[Wikipedia:Find or fix a stub|expanding it]].'' |
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Revision as of 04:45, 14 February 2004
Wanning is a city in Hainan province, China.
History
It is in the east of the island. There is a lot of small towns in this city. It has been a city in only recent years, being just only a county before.
Agriculture
The city of Wanning produces coffee, pepper, rubber, rice, banana, sugarcane, and others.
Industry
Tourism plays a vital role in the city.It is famous for its tropical scenery. It takes approximately half an hour to drive to the beach.
Climate
Wanning is hot throughout the year. Sometimes it is a little cold in with temperature of 5 to 8 degrees Celsius.
This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.