Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Gözne

2011-07-05T15:15:16Z

Boxplot: /* Geography */

{{foreignchar|Gozne|ö}}
'''Gözne''' is a little town in [[Mersin Province]], [[Turkey]].<ref>Ö is read like u in English ''curl'' and e is read like e in ''pen''.</ref>

== Geography ==

Gözne at {{coord|37|00|N|34|34|E}} is about {{convert|30|km}} north of [[Mersin]]. It is situated on the southern slopes of [[Toros Mountains]]. The average altitude is {{convert|1045|m}}. In some locations of the town, both Mersin and the [[Mediterranean Sea]] can be viewed. The road between Mersin and Gözne is quite well cared and accessible whole year, the average travel time being about 30 minutes.

The winter population of the town is 4107 (2010 est.)<ref>[http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2=&ENVID=adnksdb2Env&report=idari_yapi_09sonrasi.RDF&p_il1=33&p_yil=2010&p_dil=2&desformat=html Statistical Institute page ]</ref>

== History ==

It is known that the town had been inhabited during the [[ancient history|ancient age]]. So far, only one inscription has been unearted; it is in [[Aramic]]. But the ruins of the castle in Gözne had been built in [[medieval age]] .

The modern settlement in Gözne dates back to 19th century when people from Mersin and [[Tarsus (city)|Tarsus]] began to use the surrounding as a summer resort ({{lang-tr|[[ yayla (resort)|yayla]]}}).

During Turkish war of liberation , Mersin and Tarsus were under [[French army|French]] occupation <ref>See [[Sykes–Picot Agreement]]</ref> and Gözne was one of the centers of the nationalists. After the liberation of Mersin in 1922, Gözne became a village and than a town in 1956.<ref>[http://www.gozne.bel.tr/index.php Mayoır's page (in Turkish)]</ref>

== Gözne as summer resort ==

Being Mediterranean cities, both Mersin and Tarsus are hot during the summers months. So it was a practice among the people to migrate to Gözne in summer months. During 19the century and early 20th century, usually the householders stayed in Mersin and met with their households on weekends. However, after the roads were constructed it is just a short drive from Mersin, and it is possible to spend the night in Gözne and work in Mersin. Nevertheless, after the beginning of beach tourism and other touristic activities as well as the advance in climatization technology, Gözne is not as popular as it used to be.

== References and notes ==

<references/>
{{Yaylas of Turkey}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gozne}}
[[Category:Populated places in Mersin Province]]
[[Category:Mediterranean Region, Turkey]]
[[Category:Towns in Turkey]]
[[Category:Yaylas in Turkey]]

List of most consecutive starts and games played by NFL players

2011-07-05T15:14:29Z

Boxplot: /* Defensive backs consecutive starts */

[[Image:BrettFavre.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Brett Favre]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL player.]]
This is a list of the '''most consecutive starts and games played''' by a player by position in the [[National Football League|NFL]].<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken">[http://espn.go.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/30418/double-coverage-favre-vs-ripken ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken]</ref><ref name="Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football">[http://www0.nfl.packers.com/news/releases/2004/11/24/2/ Packers.com: Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football]</ref>

[[Brett Favre|Brett Favre's]] starts streak of 297 games is the longest all-time.<ref name="271 starts">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812bff3a&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true| title=Vikings QB Favre 'grateful' after his NFL-record 271st start in a row| accessdate= 2009-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d81ce178f/article/favres-consecutive-start-streak-comes-to-an-end-at-297?module=HP_headlines| title=Favre's consecutive start streak comes to an end at 297| accessdate= 2010-12-14}}</ref> Among defensive players, [[Jim Marshall (American football)|Jim Marshall's]] starts streak of 270 is the longest all-time.<ref name="271 starts">[http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812bff3a&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true NFL.com: Vikings QB Favre 'grateful' after his NFL-record 271st start in a row]</ref>

Of special note is punter [[Jeff Feagles]], who played in 352 consecutive games which is the longest of all-time for a special teams player.<ref>[http://www.profootballhof.com/story/2005/12/6/1884/ Feagles feat recognized]</ref> Special teams players are not credited with starts in the NFL.<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jefffeagles/gamelogs?id=FEA207645&season=2009 | title=Jeff Feagles - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref>

[[Ronde Barber]] is the most recent player to surpass someone at his position for consecutive starts, having bested [[Dick LeBeau]]'s previous mark for cornerbacks in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxsportsflorida.com/10/18/10/Tampa-Bay-secondary-burned-again/landing_bucs.html?blockID=333681&feedID=6913|title=Tampa Bay secondary burned again|accessdate =2010-12-03}}</ref>

==All-time consecutive starts streaks==
''Updated through the 2010 season''

'''''Bold''' denotes an active streak''

===Consecutive games started leader board===
[[Image:AlanPage.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Alan Page]] started 215 consecutive games with Minnesota and Chicago.]][[Image:Manning cropped.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Peyton Manning]] is the most recent player to achieve 200 consecutive starts by an NFL player.]]
''Minimum 200 consecutive regular season starts''<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football">{{cite web | work=Packers.com | url=http://www0.nfl.packers.com/news/releases/2004/11/24/2/ | title=Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Statesman.com | url=http://www.statesman.com/sports/pro/nfl-iron-man-brett-favre-finally-sits-one-1118539.html | title=NFL Iron Man Brett Favre finally sits one out | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Rank
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Pos
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|1
|[[Brett Favre]]<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/brettfavre/gamelogs?id=FAV540222&season=2010| title=Brett Favre - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-14}}</ref><ref name="Brett Favre set for tests with streak over">{{cite web | work=ESPN.com | url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=5916329| title=Brett Favre set for tests with streak over | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|QB
|9/27/1992 – 12/5/2010
|[[Green Bay Packers|Green Bay]]; [[New York Jets|NY Jets]]; [[Minnesota Vikings|Minnesota]]
|297
|24
|321
|-
|2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Marshall (American football)|Jim Marshall]]<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimmarshall/gamelogs?id=MAR425940&season=1979 | title=Jim Marshall - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref><ref name="Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812e82b1&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true | title=Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref>
|DE
|9/17/1961 – 12/16/1979
|Minnesota
|270
|19
|289
|-
|3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Mick Tingelhoff]]<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/micktingelhoff/gamelogs?id=TIN092287&season=1978 | title=Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff">{{cite web | work=Huskers.com | url=http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=100&ATCLID=1477961 | title=No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|C
|9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978
|Minnesota
|240
|19
|259
|-
|4
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bruce Matthews (American football)|Bruce Matthews]]<ref name="Bruce Matthews - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/brucematthews/gamelogs?id=MAT532814&season=2001 | title=Bruce Matthews - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="Iron Man Matthews earns his bronze bust in Canton">{{cite web | work=USA Today | url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2007-08-02-bruce-matthews_N.htm | title=Iron Man Matthews earns his bronze bust in Canton | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
||[[Lineman (American football)|OL]]
|11/29/1987 – 1/6/2002
|[[Tennessee Titans|Houston/Tennessee]]
|229
|15
|244
|-
|5
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Will Shields]]<ref name="Will Shields - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/willshields/gamelogs?id=SHI231768&season=2006 | title=Will Shields - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="Carl Peterson on Will Shields">{{cite web | work=KCChiefs.com | url=http://staff2.kcchiefs.com/news/2007/04/16/carl_peterson_on_will_shields_r/ | title=Carl Peterson on Will Shields | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|RG
|9/12/1993 – 12/31/2006
|[[Kansas City Chiefs|Kansas City]]
|223
|8
|231
|-
|6
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alan Page]]<ref name="Alan Page - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/alanpage/gamelogs?id=PAG332232&season=1981 | title=Alan Page - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="A Page Out Of NFL History">{{cite web | work=Sports Illustrated | url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1125124/index.htm | title=A Page Out Of NFL History | accessdate= 201-1-13}}</ref>
|DT
|10/8/1967 – 12/20/1981
|Minnesota; [[Chicago Bears|Chicago]]
|215
|19
|234
|-
|7
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Otto]]<ref name="Jim Otto - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimotto/gamelogs?id=OTT553720&season=1974 | title=Jim Otto - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="JIM OTTO">{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of Fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=169 | title=HOF: JIM OTTO | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|C
|9/11/1960 – 12/14/1974
|[[Oakland Raiders|Oakland]]
|210
|13
|223
|-
|8T
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Derrick Brooks]]<ref name="Derrick Brooks - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/derrickbrooks/gamelogs?id=BRO122327&season=2008 | title=Derrick Brooks - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL">{{cite web | work=TBO.com | url=http://www2.tbo.com/content/2010/aug/11/111124/ex-buc-derrick-brooks-announces-retirement-nfl/ | title=Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LB
|9/1/1996 – 12/28/2008
|[[Tampa Bay Buccaneers|Tampa Bay]]||208||11||219
|-
|'''8T'''
|'''[[Peyton Manning]]'''<ref name="Peyton Manning - Profile">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/peytonmanning/profile?id=MAN515097 | title=Peyton Manning - Profile
| accessdate= 2007-12-26}}</ref>
|'''QB'''
|'''9/6/1998 – present'''
|'''[[Indianapolis Colts|Indianapolis]]
|'''208'''
|'''19'''
|'''227'''
|-
|10
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gene Upshaw]]<ref name="Gene Upshaw - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/geneupshaw/gamelogs?id=UPS276861&season=1981 | title=Gene Upshaw - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref name="GENE UPSHAW">{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of Fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=220 | title=HOF: GENE UPSHAW | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LG
|9/10/1967 – 10/4/1981
|Oakland
|207
|24
|231
|-
|11
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Randall McDaniel]]<ref name="Randall McDaniel - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/randallmcdaniel/gamelogs?id=MCD118650&season=2001 | title=Randall McDaniel - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="RANDALL MCDANIEL">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=274 | title=HOF: RANDALL MCDANIEL | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LG
|10/22/1989 – 1/6/2002
|Minnesota; Tampa Bay
|202
|16
|218
|-
|}

===Consecutive games played leader board===
[[Image:!Jeff Feaglesl.JPG|alt=|thumb|right|[[Jeff Feagles]], the all-time leader in consecutive games played by an NFL player.]]
[[Image:Bill Romanowski.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Bill Romanowski]] played in 243 consecutive regular season games from 1988 to 2003.]]
''Minimum 225 consecutive regular season games played''<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Feagles' retirement kick ricochets">[http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/giants/2006-09-01-feagles_x.htm Feagles' retirement kick ricochets]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Rank
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Pos
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Games
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|1
|[[Jeff Feagles]]<ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games">{{cite web | work=The Gaea Times | url=http://sports.gaeatimes.com/2010/04/30/giants-punter-jeff-feagles-retires-after-22-seasons-and-record-352-consecutive-games-97799/ | title=Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|P
|9/4/1988 – 1/3/2010
|[[New England Patriots|New England]]; [[Philadelphia Eagles|Philadelphia]]; [[Arizona Cardinals|Arizona]]; [[Seattle Seahawks|Seattle]]; [[New York Giants|NY Giants]]
|352
|11
|363
|-
|2
|Brett Favre<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs"/><ref name="Favre's starts streak ends at 297">{{cite web | work=ESPN.com | url=http://espn.go.com/blog/statsinfo/post/_/id/13959/favres-start-streaks-ends-at-297| title=Favre's starts streak ends at 297 | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|QB
|9/13/1992 – 12/5/2010
|Green Bay; NY Jets; Minnesota
|299
|24
|323
|-
|3
|style="text-align:left;"|Jim Marshall<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Feagles tops Marshall’s record for consecutive games played">{{cite web | work=Spokesman-Review | url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2005/nov/28/giants-punter-feagles-tops-marshalls-record-for/ | title=Giants punter Feagles tops Marshall’s record for consecutive games played | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|DE
|9/25/1960 – 12/16/1979
|[[Cleveland Browns|Cleveland]]; Minnesota
|282
|19
|301
|-
|4
|[[Morten Andersen]]<ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/mortenandersen/gamelogs?id=AND020258&season=2002 | title=Morten Andersen - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="No. 7 Morten Andersen">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.nosaintshistory.com/bios/Morten_Andersen.htm| title=No. 7 Morten Andersen | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|K
|10/25/1987 – 12/15/2002
|[[New Orleans Saints|New Orleans]]; [[Atlanta Falcons|Atlanta]]; NY Giants; Kansas City
|248
|8
|256
|-
|5
|[[Chris Gardocki]]<ref name="Chris Gardocki - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/chrisgardocki/gamelogs?id=GAR211558&season=2006 | title=Chris Gardocki - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="Chris Gardocki Statistics">{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/G/GardCh20.htm | title=Chris Gardocki Statistics | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|P
|11/28/1991 – 12/31/2006
|Chicago; Indianapolis; Cleveland; [[Pittsburgh Steelers|Pittsburgh]]
|244
|14
|258
|-
|6
|[[Bill Romanowski]]<ref name="Bill Romanowski - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/billromanowski/gamelogs?id=ROM323001&season=2003 | title=Bill Romanowski - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref><ref name="Q&A with Bill Romanowski">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.sportingnews.com/nfl/story/2009-08-16/qa-bill-romanowski-misses-intensity-preparing-for-game| title=Q&A with Bill Romanowski | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|LB
|9/4/1988 – 9/22/2003
|[[San Francisco 49ers|San Francisco]]; Philadelphia; [[Denver Broncos|Denver]]; Oakland
|243
|28
|271
|-
|7
|style="text-align:left;"|Mick Tingelhoff<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff"/>
|C
|9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978
|Minnesota
|240
|19
|259
|-
|8T
|[[Jim Bakken]]<ref name="Jim Bakken - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimbakken/gamelogs?id=BAK800901&season=1978 | title=Jim Bakken - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="NFL Ironmen">{{cite web | work=SFGate.com | url=http://articles.sfgate.com/1995-09-08/sports/17814792_1_streaks-players-strike-games| title=NFL Ironmen | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|11/25/1962 – 12/17/1978
|[[Arizona Cardinals|St. Louis]]
|234
|2
|236
|-
|8T
|[[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]]<ref name="Gary Anderson - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/garyanderson/gamelogs?id=AND273108&season=2001 | title=Gary Anderson - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="Gary Anderson Statistics">{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/A/andergar02.htm| title=Gary Anderson Statistics | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|10/25/1987 – 1/7/2002
|Pittsburgh; Philadelphia; San Francisco; Minnesota
|234
|17
|251
|-
|10
|style="text-align:left;"|Bruce Matthews<ref name="Bruce Matthews - Game Logs"/><ref name="TSHOF: Matthews, Bruce">{{cite web | work=Texas Sports Hall of Fame | url=http://www.tshof.org/inductees/index.html?staff_id=193| title=TSHOF:Matthews, Bruce | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
||OL
|11/29/1987 – 1/6/2002
|Houston/Tennessee
|232
|15
|247
|-
|11
|[[Jim Turner (placekicker)|Jim Turner]]<ref name="Jim Turner - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimturner/gamelogs?id=TUR415288&season=1979 | title=Jim Turner - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="New York Jets Famous Players: Jim Turner">{{cite web | work=FootballJets.com | url=http://footballjets.com/famous-players/| title=New York Jets Famous Players: Jim Turner | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|9/12/1964 – 12/17/1979
|NY Jets; Denver
|228
|8
|236
|-
|}

===Offensive skilled consecutive starts===
[[Image:Walter-payton-1-sized.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Walter Payton]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL running back.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Quarterback]]
|Brett Favre<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs"/><ref name="Brett Favre set for tests with streak over"/>
|9/27/1992 – 12/5/2010
|Green Bay; NY Jets; Minnesota
|297
|24
|321
|-
|[[Wide receiver]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tim Brown (American football)|Tim Brown]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/timbrown/gamelogs?id=BRO736644&season=2003 | title=Tim Brown - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BrowTi00.htm | title=Tim Brown Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||12/14/1992 – 12/7/2003||LA/Oakland ||176||9||185
|-
|[[Halfback (American football)|Running back]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Walter Payton]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/walterpayton/gamelogs?id=PAY738296&season=1987 | title=Walter Payton - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=SignOnSanDiego.com | url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/sports/nfl/20040719-1914-fbn-titans-george.html | title=George rejects Titans' latest offer, asks for release | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||12/7/1975 – 9/20/1987||Chicago ||170||8||178
|-
|[[Tight end]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tony Gonzalez (tight end)|Tony Gonzalez]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/tonygonzalez/gamelogs?id=GON587645&season=2006 | title=Tony Gonzalez - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Bleacher Report | url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/549467-atlanta-falcons-tony-gonzalez-adds-another-nfl-record-to-his-resume | title=Atlanta Falcons' Tony Gonzalez Adds Another NFL Record To His Resume | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/19/1999 – 11/12/2006||Kansas City ||120||1||121
|-
|[[Fullback (American football)|Fullback]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Brown]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimbrown/careerstats?id=BRO483276 | title=Jim Brown - Career Stats | accessdate= 2010-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BrowJi00.htm | title=Jim Brown Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/29/1957 – 12/19/1965||Cleveland ||118||4||122
|-
|}

===Offensive linemen consecutive starts===
[[Image:Jon Runyan 080528-F-8730G-003 crop.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Jon Runyan]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL right tackle.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Center (American football)|Center]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Mick Tingelhoff<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff"/> ||9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978||Minnesota||240||19||259
|-
|[[Guard (American football)|Right guard]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Will Shields<ref name="Will Shields - Game Logs"/><ref name="Carl Peterson on Will Shields"/> ||9/12/1993 – 12/31/2006||Kansas City||223||8||231
|-
|[[Guard (American football)|Left guard]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Gene Upshaw<ref name="Gene Upshaw - Game Logs"/><ref name="GENE UPSHAW"/> ||9/10/1967 – 10/4/1981||Oakland||207||24||231
|-
|[[Left tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Dieken]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/dougdieken/gamelogs?id=DIE346075&season=1984 | title=Doug Dieken - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Ohio.com | url=http://www.ohio.com/sports/40484647.html | title=Pat's Beside the Point | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||11/21/1971 – 12/16/1984||Cleveland ||194||4||198
|-
|[[Right tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jon Runyan]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jonrunyan/gamelogs?id=RUN804626&season=2008 | title=Jon Runyan - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Delco Times | url=http://www.delcotimes.com/articles/2009/09/11/sports/doc4aa93687ebd01541631093.txt | title=Shawn Andrews out; Eagles work out Jon Runyan | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||8/31/1997 – 12/28/2008||Tennessee; Philadelphia||192||21||213
|-
|}

===Defensive linemen consecutive starts===
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Defensive end]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Jim Marshall<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs"/><ref name="Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record"/> ||9/17/1961 – 12/16/1979||Minnesota||270||19||289
|-
|[[Defensive tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Alan Page<ref name="Alan Page - Game Logs"/><ref name="A Page Out Of NFL History"/> ||10/8/1967 – 12/20/1981||Minnesota; Chicago||215||19||234
|-
|[[Nose tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Fred Smerlas]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/fredsmerlas/gamelogs?id=SME664464&season=1987 | title=Fred Smerlas - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Sports Illustrated | url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1067984/index.htm | title=A Wild And Crazy Guy | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/7/1980 – 9/20/1987||[[Buffalo Bills|Buffalo]]||107||3||110
|-
|}

===Linebackers consecutive starts===
[[Image:Derrick Brooks with 2006 Pro Bowl MVP trophy 060210-N-4856G-129.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Derrick Brooks]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by a linebacker.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Linebacker]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Derrick Brooks<ref name="Derrick Brooks - Game Logs"/><ref name="Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL"/> ||9/1/1996 – 12/28/2008||Tampa Bay||208||11||219
|-
|}

===Defensive backs consecutive starts===
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|'''[[Cornerback]]'''
|'''[[Ronde Barber]]'''<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/rondebarber/profile?id=BAR048197| title=Ronde Barber - Profile | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref>
|'''11/21/1999 – present'''
|'''Tampa Bay'''
|'''183'''
|'''9'''
|'''192'''
|-
|[[Safety (American football position)|Safety]]<ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WoodWi00.htm | title=Willie Wood Statistics:Right Safety-Left Safety-Free Safety | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Willie Wood (American football)|Willie Wood]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/williewood/gamelogs?id=WOO174852&season=1971 | title=Willie Wood - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=235 | title=HOF: WILLIE WOOD | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/17/1961 – 12/19/1971||Green Bay||154||9||163
|-
|[[Strong Safety]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bill Thompson (American football)|Bill Thompson]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/billthompson/gamelogs?id=THO733502&season=1981 | title=Bill Thompson - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/ThomBi01.htm | title=Bill Thompson Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/16/1973 – 12/20/1981||Denver||134||5||139
|-
|[[Free Safety]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Darryl Williams (American football)|Darryl Williams]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/darrylwilliams/gamelogs?id=WIL207591&season=1998 | title=Darryl Williams - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WillDa03.htm | title=Darryl Williams Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||10/11/1992 – 12/27/1998||[[Cincinnati Bengals|Cincinnati]]; Seattle||108||0||108
|-
|}

===Special teams consecutive games played===
[[Image:Ethan-Albright.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Ethan Albright]], the all-time leader in consecutive games played by an NFL long snapper.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Games
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Punter (football)|Punter]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Jeff Feagles<ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games"/> ||9/4/1988 – 1/3/2010||New England; Philadelphia; Arizona; Seattle; NY Giants||352||11||363
|-
|[[Placekicker|Kicker]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Morten Andersen<ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 7 Morten Andersen">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.nosaintshistory.com/bios/Morten_Andersen.htm | title=No. 7 Morten Andersen | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||10/25/1987 – 12/15/2002||New Orleans; Atlanta; NY Giants; Kansas City||248||8||256
|-
|[[Long snapper]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ethan Albright]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/ethanalbright/gamelogs?id=ALB637766&season=2009 | title=Ethan Albright - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Redskins.com | url=http://www.redskins.com/gen/players/Ethan_Albright.jsp | title=Ethan Albright Bio | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/1/1996 – 1/3/2010||Buffalo; [[Washington Redskins|Washington]]||224||6||230
|-
|[[Kickoff returner|Kick]]/[[Punt returner|Punt]] [[Return specialist|returner]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Carl Roaches]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/carlroaches/gamelogs?id=ROA593270&season=1984 | title=Carl Roaches - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/R/RoacCa00.htm | title=Carl Roaches Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/7/1980 – 12/16/1984||[[Tennessee Titans|Houston]]||73||1||74
|-
|}

Note: Games played by special teams players such as kickers and punters are not recognized officially as starts by the NFL.<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs"/>

== See also ==
*[[Most consecutive starts by a quarterback (NFL)]]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Most Consecutive Starts}}
[[Category:National Football League lists]]
[[Category:American football records and statistics]]

[[ja:NFLのクォーターバック連続先発出場記録]]

Macarthur, Australian Capital Territory

2011-07-05T15:12:56Z

Boxplot: /* Demographics */

{{Infobox Australian Place | type = suburb
| name = Macarthur
| state = act
| city = Canberra
| image = Macarthur_IBMap-MJC.png
| caption =
| lga = [[Tuggeranong (district)|Tuggeranong]]
| postcode = 2904
| est = 1983
| gazetted = 22 March 1982
| pop = 1,582 (2006 census)<ref name=Census2006Y>{{Census 2006 AUS|id=SSC81316|name=Macarthur (State Suburb)|accessdate=2009-05-24|quick=on}}</ref>
| ACTgov = [[Brindabella electorate|Brindabella]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]
| near-nw = [[Fadden, Australian Capital Territory|Fadden]]
| near-n =
| near-ne =
| near-e = [[Fadden, Australian Capital Territory|Fadden]]
| near-w = [[Gilmore, Australian Capital Territory|Gilmore]]
| near-sw = [[Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory|Chisholm]]
| near-s = [[Gilmore, Australian Capital Territory|Gilmore]]
| near-se = [[Gilmore, Australian Capital Territory|Gilmore]]
}}

'''Macarthur''' (postcode 2904) is a suburb in the [[Canberra]] district of [[Tuggeranong (district)|Tuggeranong]]. The suburb is named after [[John Macarthur]], one of the founders of Australia's [[Merino]] wool industry.<ref name="book">{{cite book|title=Canberra's suburb and street names : origins and meanings|year=1992|publisher=Department of the Environment, Land and Planning|isbn=1 86331 128 9 |page=87}}</ref> It was gazetted on 22 March 1982 and first settled in 1983.<ref name="book"/> The wool industry is the theme for street names.<ref name="book"/> The suburb has an area of 1.27 km². It is next to the suburbs of Fadden and Gilmore, and is located north of Isabella Drive.

[[Image:Macarthur panorama.jpg|thumb|left|600px|Macarthur seen from Tuggeranong Hill; note the Canberra tip in the top right]]

==Demographics==

There were 1589 people living in Macarthur on Census night 2001. The median age of people in Macarthur was 32 years, the same as Canberra. Unemployment in Macarthur was two and a half percent lower than the Canberra average. The median weekly individual income for Macarthur in 2001 was $600–$699, compared to $500–$599 for Canberra, while the median weekly household income was $1500–$1999. In 2001 the median monthly housing loan repayment in Macarthur was $800–$999.<ref name=abs01>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=805255489|name=Macarthur (Statistical Local Area)|accessdate=2006-06-22}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=805|name=Canberra (Statistical Division)|accessdate=2006-06-22}}</ref>

The residents of Macarthur are predominantly Australian born, with 81.2% being born in Australia. The three main countries of birth for those born overseas were [[United Kingdom]], 4.6%, [[New Zealand]] 1.5, and [[United States]], 0.7%. The most popular religious affiliations in descending order are [[Roman Catholicism in Australia|Catholic]], [[Anglican Church of Australia|Anglican]], no religion, [[Uniting Church in Australia|Uniting]], [[Presbyterian]] and [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]].
<ref name=abs01/>

==Suburb amenities==

Macarthur Preschool is located on Carson Street; its closure is planned for the end of 2006.<ref>666 ABC Canberra (2006) [http://www.abc.net.au/canberra/stories/s1656934.htm School closures list from the ACT Budget :: ABC Canberra], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref> Wanniassa Hills, part of the [[Canberra Nature Park]], is located in Macarthur. Macarthur also includes a horse holding paddock.

Three [[Australian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network|ACTION]] bus routes service Macarthur. Route 67 runs through Macarthur along Coyne Street as part of its route between the [[Tuggeranong Town Centre|Tuggeranong]] and [[Woden Town Centre|Woden]] Interchanges; this service runs every 30 to 60 minutes between 6:30 a.m. and 7:30 p.m. on weekdays. The additional service 267 follows the same route through Macarthur as Route 67. It runs during [[rush hour|peak hour]] from the Tuggeranong Interchange to [[City Centre|City West]]. Another service, route 966 runs between 8:00 a.m. and 11:00pm on Saturdays, 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on Sundays and from 7:00 p.m. until 11:00 p.m. on weeknights to link the suburb to [[Tuggeranong Town Centre|Tugggeranong]], [[Erindale Centre]], [[Fadden, Australian Capital Territory|Fadden]] and [[Gowrie, Australian Capital Territory|Gowrie]] when the 67 service does not operate.<ref>ACTION Buses (2006) [http://www.action.act.gov.au/ ACTION Buses], retrieved 5 Apr 2007</ref>

==Sport==

For a few short years Macarthur was part of the ACT's motorsport activities. In 1978 a group of Canberra motorcycle racers approached the Department of the Interior for permission to use an unbuilt, yet developed, area in one of the unused suburbs in Tuggeranong for racing. The Department gave them permission provided they found a suitable suburb that was well away from built-up areas in the closest suburb, Kambah, and that they complied with noise restrictions of that time. Macarthur, which was being developed but not actively being built upon, was chosen and was thus called Macarthur Park.

Macarthur Park used Coyne Street, Jackie Howe Crescent, Merriman Crescent and Carson Street to form the circuit and the undulating nature of the course made it one of the most attractive road courses in south-east Australia. The Canberra Road Racing Club (formed while racing at Fairburn Park) organised its first race meeting in 1978. Between 1978 and 1982 many race meetings and championship races were run with some modifications to the circuit made to accept sidecars in the last two years of competition.

Now that the suburb has been developed the circuit no longer exists. The only signs are the miscoloured traffic island extension on Coyne Street, which was put back in after the island was shortened to allow sidecars to be raced on the circuit, and a sign in the nearby pines about 50 metres from a small off-street carpark that explains the short history of the circuit and the riders that rode it. Visitors to the area may notice the name of Wayne Gardener on the sign.<ref>mcnews.com.au (2002) [http://www.mcnews.com.au/NewsArchives/2002/Macarthur_Retrospective_Apr.htm Back to Macarthur Park Retrospective], retrieved 7 August 2007</ref>

==Politics==

Macarthur is located within the federal [[electoral district|electorate]] of [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]. The electorate is currently represented in the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] by [[Annette Ellis]]. Canberra is considered a safe [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] seat.<ref>Australian Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/c/canberra.htm Canberra], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref>

In the [[Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly|ACT Legislative Assembly]], Gowrie is in the electorate of Brindabella, which is currently represented by three Labor and two [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]] members.<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2001) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/adobe/LocalitiesColour.pdf List of Localities], retrieved 22 June 2006</ref><ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/Result04.html ACT Electoral Commission - 2004 Election], retrieved 22 June 2006</ref>

==Geology==
Macarthur is built on Deakin Volcanics green-grey, purple and cream [[rhyolite]]. This is from the [[Silurian]] age at 414 Mya.<ref>Henderson G A M and Matveev G, Geology of Canberra, Queanbeyan and Environs 1:50000 1980.</ref>
{{See also|Geology of the Australian Capital Territory}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|35|24|21|S|149|07|48|E|region:AU_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Suburbs of Canberra]]

Fadden, Australian Capital Territory

2011-07-05T15:11:53Z

Boxplot: /* Demographics */

{{Infobox Australian Place | type = suburb
| name = Fadden
| city = Canberra
| state = act
| image = Fadden IBMap-MJC.png
| lga = [[Tuggeranong]]
| ACTgov = [[Brindabella electorate|Brindabella]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]
| est = 1981
| gazetted = 5 August 1975
| postcode = 2904
| pop = 3,214 (2006 census)<ref name=Census2006Y>{{Census 2006 AUS|id=SSC81141|name=Fadden (State Suburb)|accessdate=2009-05-24|quick=on}}</ref>
| near-nw =
| near-n = ''[[Canberra Nature Park]]''
| near-ne =
| near-w = [[Wanniassa, Australian Capital Territory|Wanniassa]]
| near-e =
| near-sw =
| near-s = [[Gowrie, Australian Capital Territory|Gowrie]]
| near-se = [[Macarthur, Australian Capital Territory|Macarthur]]
}}

'''Fadden''' is a suburb in the [[Canberra]], [[Australia]] district of [[Tuggeranong]]. The postcode is 2904. The suburb is named after Sir [[Arthur Fadden]], Prime Minister of Australia briefly in 1941.<ref name="book">{{cite book|title=Canberra's suburb and street names : origins and meanings|year=1992|publisher=Department of the Environment, Land and Planning|isbn=1 86331 128 9 |page=1}}</ref> It was gazetted on 5 August 1975.<ref name="book"/> Its streets are named after [[Queensland]] politicians.<ref name="book"/> It is next to the suburbs of Macarthur, Chisholm, Gowrie and Wanniassa. It is bounded by Erindale Drive, and Isabella Drive.
[[Image:Fadden panorama.jpg|thumb|600px|left|Fadden from Tuggeranong Hill. Fadden pines are the dark trees on the right. The backdrop is Waniassa Hills]]

==Demographics==

On [[Census in Australia#2006|Census night 2006]], Fadden had a population of 3,214 people.<ref name=Census2006Y /> The median age of people in Fadden was 40 years, an increase from 35 in 2001, compared to a median age of 34 for Canberra. Unemployment in Fadden was 0.6 percent lower than the Canberra average. The median weekly individual income for Fadden in 2001 was $819, up from $600–$699 in 2001, compared to $723, up from $500–$599, for Canberra. The median weekly household income was $1509, within the $1500–$1999 bracket from 2001. In 2006 the median monthly housing loan repayment in Fadden was $1517, up from $1000–$1199 in 2001.<ref name=abs01>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=805252349|name=Fadden (Statistical Local Area)|accessdate=2006-06-22}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=805|name=Canberra (Statistical Division)|accessdate=2006-06-22}}</ref><ref name=abs06>{{Census 2006 AUS | id = 805252349 | name = Fadden (Statistical Local Area)|accessdate=2007-11-30|quick=on}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2006 AUS|id=805|name=Canberra (Statistical Division)|quick=on|accessdate=2007-11-30}}</ref>

The residents of Fadden are predominately Australian born, with 75.3% being born in Australia, compared to 77.5% in 2001. In 2006 the three main countries of birth for those born overseas were [[United Kingdom]], 6.3%, [[China]], 1.1%, and [[New Zealand]], 1.0%. This compares to [[United Kingdom]], 5.7%, [[New Zealand]] , 1.1%, and [[Croatia]], 0.9% in 2001. The most popular religious affiliations in descending order are [[Roman Catholicism in Australia|Catholic]], no religion, [[Anglican Church of Australia|Anglican]], [[Uniting Church in Australia|Uniting]], and [[Presbyterian|Presbyterian and Reformed]].
<ref name=abs01/><ref name=abs06/>

==Suburb amenities==

Fadden Primary School and Fadden Preschool are located on Hanlon Crescent.<ref>Fadden Primary School (2006) [http://www.faddenps.act.edu.au/contact_us Fadden School | Contact Us], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref> Fadden Primary currently caters for Kindergarten to Year 6; the preschool is expected to be incorporated in the primary school by the end of 2008.<ref>ACT Department of Education (2006) [http://www.det.act.gov.au/2020/word/FaddenPS.doc], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref>

The Fadden local shopping centre is located on Hanlon Crescent and includes a [[hairdresser]], a [[General practitioner|medical centre]], a [[Chiropractic|Chiropractor]] and [[massage|massage therapist]], and a [[Veterinary medicine|veterinary hospital]]. Fadden's sporting facilities include the Tuggeranong Tennis Centre (now under a different ownerniship and completely rebuilt, called the Mpowerdome) located on Coyne Street,<ref>Totaltravel.com (2006) [http://www.totaltravel.com.au/travel/nsw/canberraact/canberracity/listing/sport/10049614 Tuggeranong Tennis Centre, Fadden ACT - Sports Clubs Activities &], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref> the Fadden Neighbourhood Oval, at the back of the primary school, and tennis courts off Stopford Crescent. Two areas of the [[Canberra Nature Park]] are located in the suburb: Wanniassa Hills to the north of the suburb and the smaller Macarthur Hill in the east. Hannah Community Park straddles the border with Gowrie.<ref>Planning and Land Management Group (1991) [http://www.actpla.act.gov.au/tplan/variatio/dv190/recommended%20final.htm Hannah Park], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref> The Fadden Pine Plantation, a recreational area with substantial playground and [[barbecue]] facilities, is located between Isabella Drive, Bugden Avenue and Coyne Street. The Macarthur [[Scouts Australia|Scout Hall]] is located on Coyne Street.<ref>ACT Scouts(2005)[http://www.act.scouts.asn.au/ActScouts/Sites/MACARTHUR/ Macarthur], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref>

Several [[Australian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network|ACTION]] bus routes service Fadden. Routes 65 and 67 run between the [[Tuggeranong Town Centre|Tuggeranong]] and [[Woden Town Centre|Woden]] Interchanges every 20 to 60 minutes between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. The additional services 265 and 267, following the same routes through Fadden as 65 and 67 respectively, run during [[rush hour|peak hour]] from the Tuggeranong Interchange to [[City Centre|City West]]. Route 170 also runs in peak hour from [[Monash, Australian Capital Territory|Monash]] to City West. Flexibus service 967 leaves the Tuggeranong Interchange every hour from 9:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. and the Erindale Shops every hour from 8:30pm to 11:30 p.m., and services the suburbs of Fadden, [[Gowrie, Australian Capital Territory|Gowrie]] and [[Macarthur, Australian Capital Territory|Macarthur]].<ref>ACTION Buses(2006)[http://www.action.act.gov.au/ ACTION Buses], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref>

==Politics==
{| style="float:right;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em;" align="top"
|
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan = 3 | 2004 ACT Election<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref04.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref04], retrieved 22 June 2006</ref>
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Liberal}}| 
| [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 50%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Labor}}| 
| [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 37%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Greens}}| 
| [[Australian Greens|Greens]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 7%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Democrats}}| 
| [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 2%
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan = 3 | 2007 Federal Election<ref name= poll>Australian Electoral Commission 24 November 2007.[http://results.aec.gov.au/13745/website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-13745-8768.htm Polling Place Results], retrieved 2007-11-30</ref>
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Labor}}| 
| [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 47%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Liberal}}| 
| [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 41%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Greens}}| 
| [[Australian Greens|Greens]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 11%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Other}}| 
| [[Citizens Electoral Council|CEC]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 1%
|}
|}

Fadden is located within the federal [[electoral district|electorate]] of [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]. The electorate is currently represented in the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] by [[Annette Ellis]]. Canberra is considered a safe [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] seat.<ref>Australian Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/c/canberra.htm Canberra], retrieved 28 May 2006</ref> The 2004 Federal election saw a 4.3% and 3.3% swing towards the [[Australian Greens|Greens]] and Labor respectively, and a swing of 6.5% away from the [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]].<ref>Australian Electoral Commission (2005) [http://results.aec.gov.au/12246/results/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-12246-8768.htm Polling Place Results], retrieved 22 June 2006</ref> At the 2007 Federal Election the Fadden polling place counted a swing of 3.0% towards the Greens and 2.3% away from the Liberals. The Democrats did not contest this electorate.<ref name= poll/>

In the [[Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly|ACT Legislative Assembly]], Fadden is in the electorate of Brindabella, which is currently represented by three Labor and two [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]] members.<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2001) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/adobe/LocalitiesColour.pdf List of Localities], retrieved 28 May 2006</ref><ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/Result04.html ACT Electoral Commission - 2004 Election], retrieved 28 May 2006</ref> The 2004 ACT election saw a swing of 7.5% towards the Liberals, 1.5% towards the Greens, 3.5% towards Labor and 5.0% against the Democrats.<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref04.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref04], retrieved 25 June 2006</ref><ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref01.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref01], retrieved 25 June 2006</ref>

Polling place statistics are shown above for the Fadden polling place in the 2004 federal and ACT elections.

== Geology ==
[[Image:Fadden Aerial.jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view from east]]
In the east, Fadden is built on [[Alluvium]]. The west of Fadden consists of Deakin Volcanics [[rhyolite]]. The rhyolite can be coloured green-grey, purple or cream, and dates from the [[Silurian]] age at 414±9 My. A fault heads north-north-west from Macarthur Hill with a [[quartz]] outcrop.<ref>Henderson G A M and Matveev G, Geology of Canberra, Queanbeyan and Environs 1:50000 1980.</ref>

{{See also|Geology of the Australian Capital Territory}}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{coord|-35.402|149.118|format=dms|display=title}}

[[Category:Suburbs of Canberra]]

Gilmore, Australian Capital Territory

2011-07-05T15:10:53Z

Boxplot: /* Demographics */

{{Infobox Australian Place | type = suburb
| name = Gilmore
| state = act
| city = Canberra
| image = Gilmore_IBMap-MJC.png
| caption =
| lga = [[Tuggeranong (district)|Tuggeranong]]
| postcode = 2905
| est = 1985
| gazetted = 5 August 1975
| pop = 2,905 (2006 census)<ref name=Census2006Y>{{Census 2006 AUS|id=SSC81191|name=Gilmore (State Suburb)|accessdate=2009-05-24|quick=on}}</ref>
| ACTgov = [[Brindabella electorate|Brindabella]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]
| near-nw = [[Fadden, Australian Capital Territory|Fadden]]
| near-n = [[Macarthur, Australian Capital Territory|Macarthur]]
| near-ne =
| near-e = [[Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory|Chisholm]]
| near-w =
| near-sw = [[Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory|Chisholm]]
| near-s = [[Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory|Chisholm]]
| near-se =
}}

'''Gilmore''' is a suburb in the [[Canberra]], [[Australia]] district of [[Tuggeranong (district)|Tuggeranong]]. The postcode is 2905. The suburb is named after the poet and journalist, [[Mary Gilmore|Dame Mary Gilmore]].<ref name="book">{{cite book|title=Canberra's suburb and street names : origins and meanings|year=1992|publisher=Department of the Environment, Land and Planning|isbn=1 86331 128 9 |page=39}}</ref> It was gazetted on 5 August 1975.<ref name="book"/> Streets are named after journalists, particularly female journalists.<ref name="book"/>

It is next to the suburbs of Macarthur and Chisholm and is bounded by the [[Monaro Highway]], Isabella Drive and Hambidge Crescent.

==Demographics==

On [[Census in Australia#2006|Census night 2006]], Gilmore had a population of 2,905 people.<ref name=Census2006Y /> The median age of people in Gilmore was 28 years, compared to a median age of 32 for Canberra. Unemployment in Gilmore was half a percent lower than the Canberra average. The median weekly individual income for Gilmore in 2001 was $500–$599, the same as Canberra, while the median weekly household income was $1000–$1199. In 2001 the median monthly housing loan repayment in Gilmore was $800–$999.<ref name="abs.gov.au">Australian Bureau of Statistics(2006) [http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/Lookup/805253159Snapshot12001?OpenDocument&TabName=Summary&ProdNo=805253159&Issue=2001&Num=&View=& 2001 Census Data : Gilmore (Statistical Local Area)], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref><ref>Australian Bureau of Statistics(2006) [http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/Lookup/805Snapshot12001?OpenDocument&TabName=Summary&ProdNo=805&Issue=2001&Num=&View=& 2001 Census Data : Canberra (Statistical Division)], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref>

The residents of Gilmore are predominantly Australian born, with 81.0% being born in Australia. The three main countries of birth for those born overseas were [[United Kingdom]], 4.2%, [[Vietnam]], 0.9%, and [[New Zealand]], 0.7%. The most popular religious affiliations in descending order are [[Roman Catholicism in Australia|Catholic]], [[Anglican Church of Australia|Anglican]], no religion, [[Uniting Church in Australia|Uniting]], [[Presbyterian]] and [[Islam]].<ref name="abs.gov.au"/>

==Suburb amenities==

The Tuggeranong Valley Pony Club is located on Louisa Lawson Crescent; there are also agistment paddocks for horses.<ref>TVRU & ASC Ltd. (2006) [http://www.vikingsclubs.com.au/default.asp?d=12086&p=11869 VikingsClubs.com.au], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref> Gilmore Nieighbourhood Oval is located on Heagney Crescent. The Rose Cottage heritage site is located off Isabella Drive<ref>ACT Heritage Council (2006) [www.environment.act.gov.au/__data/ assets/pdf_file/13651/heritageregister20022.pdf Registration Entry], retrieved 10 July 2006</ref> and is open to the public. The site includes a [[Nursery (horticulture)|nursery]] and craft centre.<ref>Fairfax Digital (2006) [http://www.domain.com.au/Public/PropertyDetails.aspx?adid=2005433274&s_rid=Cracker:BrowseListings&s_rid=Cracker:BrowseListings# Rose Cottage Cnr Monaro Highway and Isabella Drive Gilmore @ domain.com.au], retrieved 10 July 2006</ref> An [[ACTEW Corporation|ACTEW]] Electricity substation is located in Gilmore, with access off Isabella Drive.

Several [[Australian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network|ACTION]] bus routes service Gilmore. Route 67 runs between the [[Tuggeranong Town Centre|Tuggeranong]] and [[Woden Town Centre|Woden]] Interchanges every 20 to 60 minutes between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. The additional service 267, following the same route through Gilmore as Route 67, runs during [[rush hour|peak hour]] from the Tuggeranong Interchange to [[City Centre|City West]]. Route 269 also runs during peak hour, between City West and [[Theodore, Australian Capital Territory|Theodore]]. Flexibus service 966 leaves the Tuggeranong Interchange every hour from 8:30 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. and the Erindale Shops every hour from 8:00pm to 11:00 p.m., and services the suburbs of Gilmore, [[Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory|Chisholm]] and [[Richardson, Australian Capital Territory|Richardson]].<ref>ACTION Buses (2006) [http://www.action.act.gov.au/ ACTION Buses], retrieved 9 July 2006</ref>

==Politics==
{| style="float:right;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em;" align="top"
|
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan = 3 | 2004 ACT Election<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref04.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref04], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref>
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Liberal}}| 
| [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 45%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Labor}}| 
| [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 44%
|-
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Greens}}| 
| [[Australian Greens|Greens]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 6%
|-
|  
| [[Christian Democratic Party (Australia)|Christian Democratic Party]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 2%
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan = 3 | 2004 Federal Election<ref name="Polling Place Results">Australian Electoral Commission (2005) [http://results.aec.gov.au/12246/results/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-12246-8771.htm Polling Place Results], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref>
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Labor}}| 
| [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 51%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Liberal}}| 
| [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 39%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Greens}}| 
| [[Australian Greens|Greens]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 8%
|-
| {{Australian politics/party colours/Democrats}}| 
| [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]]
| bgcolor="FFFF99" | 2%
|}
|}

Gilmore is located within the federal [[electoral district|electorate]] of [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]]. The electorate is currently represented in the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] by [[Annette Ellis]]. Canberra is considered a safe [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] seat.<ref>Australian Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.aec.gov.au/_content/who/profiles/c/canberra.htm Canberra], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref> The 2004 Federal election saw a 5.9%, 4.2% and 3.6% swing towards Labor, the [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberals]] and the [[Australian Greens|Greens]] respectively, and a swing of 6.9% away from the [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]] and 4.6% against [[One Nation Party|One Nation]].<ref name="Polling Place Results"/>

In the [[Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly|ACT Legislative Assembly]], Gilmore is in the electorate of Brindabella, which is currently represented by three Labor and two Liberal members.<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2001) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/adobe/LocalitiesColour.pdf List of Localities], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref><ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005) [http://www.elections.act.gov.au/Result04.html ACT Electoral Commission - 2004 Election], retrieved 23 June 2006</ref> The 2004 ACT election saw a swing of 13.6% towards the Liberals and 4.1% against the Democrats.<ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref04.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref04], retrieved 25 June 2006</ref><ref>ACT Electoral Commission (2005)[http://www.elections.act.gov.au/FirstPref01.xls#BrinPP!A1 FirstPref01], retrieved 25 June 2006</ref>

Polling place statistics are shown above for the Gilmore polling place in the 2004 federal and ACT elections.

==Geology==
Gilmore is built on volcanic rocks from the [[Silurian]] age. The rock member is titled Deakin Volcanics. [[Rhyolite]] covers most of Gilmore except in the east where [[rhyodacite]] is found. These are from the [[Silurian]] age at 414 Mya.<ref>Henderson G A M and Matveev G, Geology of Canberra, Queanbeyan and Environs 1:50000 1980.</ref>

{{See also|Geology of the Australian Capital Territory}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|-35.421|149.133|format=dms|display=title}}

[[Category:Suburbs of Canberra]]

Manta S.C.

2011-07-05T15:10:05Z

Boxplot:

{{unreferenced|date=December 2010}}
{{Infobox football club
|clubname = Manta
|image =
|fullname = Manta Sport Club
|nickname = ''El Equipo de la ciudad'' (The Team of the City)
|founded = January 1, 1967
|dissolved = August 20, 1996
|ground = [[Estadio Jocay]] [[Manta]], [[Ecuador]]
|capacity = 20,000
|pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_whitecollar|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder
|leftarm1=0000FF|body1=0000FF|rightarm1=0000FF|shorts1=FFFFFF|socks1=0000FF
|pattern_la2=_borderonwhite|pattern_b2=_collaronwhite|pattern_ra2=_borderonwhite
|leftarm2=0000FF|body2=0000FF|rightarm2=0000FF|shorts2=0000FF|socks2=FFFFFF
}}

'''Manta Sport Club''' was a Ecuadorian professional football club based in [[Manta]]. Founded in 1967, it spent the majority of its years bouncing between the top-flight Serie A and the Serie B until 1985. Statistically, it is the most successful club from Manta. The club later folded in 1996 after 11 years in the Serie B.

==Achievements==
*'''[[Ecuadorian Serie B|Serie B]]'''
**'''Winner (3)''': 1975 E1, 1979 E1, 1982 E2

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manta Sport Club}}
[[Category:Defunct Ecuadorian football clubs]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 1967]]
[[Category:Association football clubs disestablished in 1996]]

{{Ecuador-sport-stub}}
{{SouthAm-footyclub-stub}}

[[es:Manta Sport Club]]

Virden, Illinois

2011-07-05T15:09:32Z

Boxplot:

{{Geobox|Settlement

| name = Virden
| native_name =
| other_name =
| category = [[List of cities in Illinois|City]]

| etymology =
| official_name =
| motto =
| nickname =

| image =
| image_caption =

| flag =
| symbol =

| country = United States
| state = Illinois
| region = [[Macoupin County, Illinois|Macoupin]], [[Sangamon County, Illinois|Sangamon]]
| region_type = County
| district =
| district_type = Township
| municipality =

| location =
| elevation_imperial = 681
| prominence_imperial =
| lat_d = 39
| lat_m = 30
| lat_NS = N
| long_d = 89
| long_m = 46
| long_EW = W
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| length_imperial =
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| area_imperial = 1.7
| area_land_imperial = 1.7
| area_water_imperial =
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| population = 3488
| population_date = 2000
| population_urban =
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| population_density =
| population_density_imperial = 2032.6
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| leader_type = Mayor

| timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = -6
| timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -5
| postal_code = 62690
| area_code = [[Area code 217|217]]
| code =

| whs_name =
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| map = Illinois - outline map.svg

| map_caption = Location of Virden within Illinois
| map_background = Illinois - background map.png
| map_locator = Illinois2

| commons = Virden, Illinois
| statistics =
| website =

| footnotes =
}}
'''Virden''' is a city in [[Macoupin County, Illinois|Macoupin]] and [[Sangamon County, Illinois|Sangamon]] counties in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Illinois]]. The population was 3,488 at the 2000 census, and 3,338 at a 2009 estimate.

The Macoupin County portion of Virden is part of the [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]–Illinois [[Greater St. Louis|Metropolitan Statistical Area]], while the Sangamon County portion is part of the [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] [[Springfield, Illinois metropolitan area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. The region around the Virden area is where the two metropolitan areas meet.

Virden was the scene of an 1898 coal miners' strike, during which [[Mary Harris Jones|Mary Harris "Mother" Jones]] played a major role.

==Geography==
Virden is located at {{Coord|39|30|N|89|46|W|type:city(3488)_region:US-IL}} (39.5036, -89.7682).{{GR|1}} Most of the city lies in Macoupin County, with a small portion extending into Sangamon County. In the 2000 census, 3,378 of the city's 3,488 residents (96.8%) lived in Macoupin County and 110 (3.2%) lived in Sangamon County.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2006_17.csv | title = Subcounty population estimates: Illinois 2000-2006| format = [[comma-separated values|CSV]] | publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division | date = 2007-06-28 | accessdate = 2008-05-28}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.5 km²), all of it land.

==Demographics==
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 3,488 people, 1,455 households, and 934 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,032.6 people per square mile (783.0/km²). There were 1,609 housing units at an average density of 937.6 per square mile (361.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.80% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.32% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.40% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.09% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.34% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.46% of the population.

There were 1,455 households out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the city the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,905, and the median income for a family was $41,511. Males had a median income of $30,824 versus $22,121 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,541. About 7.4% of families and 10.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

==History==
Virden sits atop a large seam of [[coal]]. After the 1850s, when the [[Chicago and Alton]] railroad was completed, it became possible to mine Virden coal and ship it long distances for a profit. Throughout the second half of the 1800s, Virden prospered and grew as a coal-mining town.

A bitter coal strike broke out in 1898. The ''Chicago-Virden Coal Company'', fearing loss of key business in Chicago, refused to allow its Virden mines to be unionized, nor would it pay the nonunionized miners union-scale wages. Instead, the coal company built a timber [[stockade]] around its mine head, adjoining the railroad tracks, and hired [[African-Americans]] from Southern states as coal miners. The Chicago-Virden Company knew that African-Americans, who were attempting to escape [[Jim Crow]] labor conditions, would not request union-scale wages. Instead, the Company promised to pay their new workers by the ton. The new miners were promised only 30 cents per ton of coal mined.<ref name="Feurer">{{cite web |url=http://www.lib.niu.edu/2006/iht1320610.html |title=Remember Virden! The Coal Mine Wars of 1898-1900 |work=Northern Illinois University |accessdate=2010-08-08 }}</ref>

The appearance of the African-American miners infuriated the strikers. They were motivated by [[racism]], by labor [[solidarity]], and by the desire to create decent lives for their own families. It should be noted that some of the striking coal miners were themselves African-American, and black coal miners who were union members in good standing appear to have been accepted by their unionized white comrades. However, this acceptance did not extend to [[strikebreaker]]s.<ref name="Feurer"/>

===Battle of Virden===
On October 12, 1898, a northbound train, loaded with potential strikebreaking miners, pulled into Virden and stopped on the tracks just outside the minehead stockade. The mine manager and train operator, knowing there would be trouble, had reinforced the train with a troop of [[security guard]]s, armed with [[Winchester rifle]]s. It soon became clear that the security guards had been either ordered, or allowed, to [[Deadly force|shoot to kill]]. As the strikers attempted to surround the train, the guards opened fire.<ref name="Feurer"/>

It is important to remember that many of the strikers were also armed. As a gun battle broke out in and around the strikebreakers' train, there were dead and wounded on both sides. Of the thirteen dead, six were security guards. Furthermore, had the strikers won the battle, their intentions toward the Alabama African-American strikebreakers were not friendly. After twenty minutes of firing on both sides, the train's engineer accepted defeat and the train pulled away from the minehead and continued northward to [[Springfield, Illinois]].<ref name="Feurer"/>

The "Battle of Virden" led to equivocal results. On the one hand, the mine owners accepted the unionization of the Virden coal mines. On the other hand, as a consequence of the role of racial divisions in the battle, the union and the mine owners agreed to [[Racial segregation in the United States|segregate]] the Virden mines. Virden itself became a [[sundown town]] and remained as such for decades thereafter.<ref name="Feurer"/>

A monument has been raised in the Virden town square to commemorate the coal strike of 1898 and the battle of October 12 that was its bitter end. The monument contains a large bronze [[bas-relief]] that includes the names of those killed in the battle, and a copy of a [[mendacious]] recruiting handbill distributed by the Chicago-Virden Company in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], to recruit the African-American miners. The body of the bas-relief is made of symbolic representations of the Chicago & Alton tracks and the assault on the strikers. The guards are shown pointing their Winchesters at the strikers and their families. Atop the bas-relief is a bronze portrait of Mary Harris Jones, known as '''Mother Jones'''.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* David Markwell. "A Turning Point: the Lasting Impact of the 1898 Virden Mine Riot," ''Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society,'' Volume: 99. Issue: 3/4. 2006. pp 211+. [http://www.questia.com/read/5037724664 online edition]

*Rosemary Feuer. "Remember Virden! The Coal Mines Wars of 1898-1900." ''Illinois History Teacher,'' Volume 13:2, 2006, pp. 10–22. [http://www.lib.niu.edu/2006/iht1320610.html online edition]

==External links==

{{Macoupin County, Illinois}}
{{Sangamon County, Illinois}}
{{St. Louis MSA}}



[[Category:Cities in Illinois]]
[[Category:Populated places in Macoupin County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Populated places in Sangamon County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Communities on U.S. Route 66]]
[[Category:Springfield, Illinois metropolitan area]]

[[ca:Virden (Illinois)]]
[[io:Virden, Illinois]]
[[it:Virden (Illinois)]]
[[ht:Virden, Ilinwa]]
[[nl:Virden (Illinois)]]
[[pt:Virden (Illinois)]]
[[simple:Virden, Illinois]]
[[vo:Virden (Illinois)]]

Hamburg

2011-07-05T15:07:13Z

Boxplot:

{{About|the German city}}
{{Infobox German state
|Name = Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
|German_name = Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
|image_photo = Alsterblick.jpg
|image_caption =
|state_coa = Coat of arms of Hamburg.svg
|coa_size = 70
|map = Deutschland Lage von Hamburg.svg
|flag = Flag of Hamburg.svg
|area = 755
|area_source =
|population = 1783975
|pop_ref =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/de_zs01_hh.asp |title=State population |work=Portal of the Federal Statistics Office Germany |accessdate=2007-04-25}}</ref>
|pop_date = 2010-09-30
|pop_metro = 4300000
|GDP = 86.153
|GDP_year = 2006
|GDP_percent = 3.9
|Website = [http://www.hamburg.de/ hamburg.de]
|leader_title = [[List of mayors of Hamburg|First Mayor]]
|leader = Olaf Scholz
|leader_party = SPD
|ruling_party1 = SPD ''
|votes = 3
|NUTS = DE6
|Vorwahl = 040
|Kfz=HH |iso region=DE-HH |PLZ=20001–21149, 22001–22769
| coordinates_display = title
|latd = 53 |latm = 33 |lats = 55 |latNS = N
|longd = 10 |longm = 00 |longs = 05 |longEW = E
|date = August 2010
}}
'''Hamburg''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|h|æ|m|b|ɜr|ɡ}}; {{IPA-de|ˈhambʊɐ̯k}}, local pronunciation {{IPA-dedia|ˈhambʊɪç|}}; [[Low German]]/[[West Low German|Low Saxon]]: ''Hamborg'' {{IPA-dedia|ˈhaˑmbɔːx|}}) is the [[List of cities in Germany with more than 100,000 inhabitants|second-largest city]] in [[Germany]] and the [[Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits|eighth-largest city]] in the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citymayors.com/features/euro_cities1.html |title=Europe's largest cities |work=City Mayors Statistics |accessdate=2009-12-29}}</ref> The city is home to over 1.8 million people, while the [[Hamburg Metropolitan Region]] (including parts of the neighbouring [[States of Germany|Federal States]] of [[Lower Saxony]] and [[Schleswig-Holstein]]) has more than 4.3 million inhabitants. The [[port of Hamburg]] is the fourth-largest port in Europe (fourth to [[Port of Antwerp]] and [[Port of Rotterdam|Rotterdam]] and [[Port of Cork|Cork City]]), and the eighth largest in the world.

Hamburg's official name is the ''Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg'' (German: ''Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg'').<ref name=constitution>[[Constitution of Hamburg]] {{Citation |title=Verfassung der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg |url=http://hh.juris.de/hh/gesamt/Verf_HA.htm#Verf_HA_rahmen |date=1952-06-06 |edition=11th |accessdate=2008-09-21 }} {{de icon}}</ref> It reflects [[History of Hamburg|Hamburg's history]] as a member of the medieval [[Hanseatic League]], as a [[free imperial city]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], and also to the fact that Hamburg is a [[city-state]] and one of the sixteen States of Germany.

Hamburg is a major [[transportation hub]] in [[Northern Germany]] and is one of the most [[Affluency|affluent]] cities in Europe.{{citation}} It has become a media and industrial centre, with plants and facilities belonging to ''[[Airbus]]'', ''[[Blohm + Voss]]'' and ''[[Aurubis]]''. The radio and television broadcaster ''[[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]]'' and publishers such as ''[[Gruner + Jahr]]'' and [[Der Spiegel|Spiegel]]-Verlag are pillars of the important media industry in Hamburg. In total there are more than 120,000 enterprises.

The city is a major tourist destination both for domestic and overseas visitors, receiving about 7.7 million overnight stays in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistik-nord.de/uploads/tx_standocuments/Tourismus_HH_0812.pdf |title=Overnight stays in 2008 |work=Northern Germany statistics office (Statistikamt Nord)|language=German |accessdate=2009-12-29 }}</ref> Hamburg ranked 23rd in the world for livability in 2009,<ref name="theage.com.au">{{cite news| url=http://www.theage.com.au/executive-style/culture/melbourne-pips-sydney-again-in-livability-stakes-20090617-chzy.html | location=Melbourne | work=The Age | first=Paola | last=Totaro | title=Melbourne pips Sydney again in livability stakes | date=2009-06-18}}</ref> higher in some alternate rankings<ref name="theage.com.au"/> and in 2010 the city ranked 10th in the world.

==Geography==
Hamburg is located on the do southern point of the [[Jutland Peninsula]], directly between [[Continental Europe]] to its south, [[Scandinavia]] to its north, the [[North Sea]] to its west, and the [[Baltic Sea]] to its east. Hamburg is located on the River [[Elbe]] at the confluence with the [[Alster]] and [[Bille]]. The central city area is situated around the [[Binnenalster]] ("Inner Alster") and the [[Außenalster]] ("Outer Alster") both of which are originally the river Alster but retained as lakes. The island of [[Neuwerk]] and two small neighbouring islands Scharhörn und Nigehörn are also part of Hamburg, located in the [[Wadden Sea National Parks|Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park]].<ref>Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park Act {{Citation |title=Gesetz über den Nationalpark Hamburgisches Wattenmeer |url=http://www.landesrecht.hamburg.de/jportal/portal/page/bshaprod.psml?doc.id=jlr-WattMGHArahmen&st=lr&showdoccase=1&paramfromHL=true#focuspoint|date=1990-04-09 |accessdate=2011-02-26 }} {{de icon}}</ref>

The neighbourhoods of [[Neuenfelde]], [[Cranz, Hamburg|Cranz]], Francop and [[Finkenwerder]] are part of the ''[[Altes Land]]'' region (old land), the biggest contiguous fruit [[orchard]] in [[Central Europe]]. The neighbourhood of [[Neugraben-Fischbek]] has Hamburg's highest elevation, the ''Hasselbrack'' at {{convert|116.2|m|0}} [[Above mean sea level|AMSL]].<ref>{{Citation |author=''Geologisches Landesamt Hamburg'' (Hamburger state office of geological affairs) |title=Statistisches Jahrbuch 2007/2008 |year=2007 |publisher=Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein |location=Hamburg |issn=1614-8045}} {{de icon}}</ref>

===Climate===
Hamburg has an [[oceanic climate]] (''Cfb''). Hamburg's proximity to coastal areas influences the area's climate by sending marine air masses from the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Nearby wetlands also ensure a maritime temperate climate. Snowfall is rare, generally occurring once or twice a year.

The warmest months in Hamburg are June, July, and August, with high temperatures of {{convert|19.9|to|22.2|C|F}}. The coldest are December, January, and February, with low temperatures of {{convert|-1.4|to|0.0|C|F}}.<ref name=WMO />

{{Weather box
|location = Hamburg
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan high C = 3.5
|Feb high C = 4.4
|Mar high C = 8.0
|Apr high C = 12.3
|May high C = 17.5
|Jun high C = 19.9
|Jul high C = 22.1
|Aug high C = 22.2
|Sep high C = 17.9
|Oct high C = 13.0
|Nov high C = 7.5
|Dec high C = 4.6
|year high C = 12.7
|Jan low C = −1.4
|Feb low C = −1.2
|Mar low C = 1.1
|Apr low C = 3.3
|May low C = 7.4
|Jun low C = 10.5
|Jul low C = 12.7
|Aug low C = 12.5
|Sep low C = 9.6
|Oct low C = 6.0
|Nov low C = 2.4
|Dec low C = 0.0
|year low C = 5.2
|Jan rain mm = 64.4
|Feb rain mm = 42.4
|Mar rain mm = 62.9
|Apr rain mm = 45.6
|May rain mm = 53.7
|Jun rain mm = 76.9
|Jul rain mm = 74.7
|Aug rain mm = 73.0
|Sep rain mm = 68.4
|Oct rain mm = 63.6
|Nov rain mm = 69.4
|Dec rain mm = 77.7
|year rain mm = 772.7
|Jan rain days = 12.1
|Feb rain days = 9.2
|Mar rain days = 11.3
|Apr rain days = 8.9
|May rain days = 9.6
|Jun rain days = 11.3
|Jul rain days = 11.4
|Aug rain days = 10.2
|Sep rain days = 10.8
|Oct rain days = 10.5
|Nov rain days = 11.7
|Dec rain days = 12.4
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organisation]] ([[United Nations|UN]]) <ref name= WMO >{{cite web |url=http://worldweather.wmo.int/016/c00055.htm
|title=World Weather Information Service - Hamburg
|accessdate=2010-05-03
|publisher= Deutscher Wetterdienst }}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

==History==
{{Main|History of Hamburg}}
[[File:Limes.saxoniae.wmt.png|thumb|The ''[[Limes Saxoniae]]'' border between the [[Saxons]] and the Slavic [[Obotrites]], established about 810.]]

The first historical name of the modern city is, according to [[Claudius Ptolemy]]'s reports, '''Treva'''.
But the city takes its name from the first permanent building on the site, a fortress ordered to be built by the Emperor [[Charlemagne]] in AD 808. The [[castle]] was built on rocky ground in a marsh between the [[Alster|River Alster]] and the [[Elbe|River Elbe]] as a defence against [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] incursion. The castle was named ''Hammaburg'', where ''burg'' means fortress. The origin of the ''Hamma'' term remains uncertain,<ref><cite id=Verg>{{Citation |last1=Verg |first1=Erich |last2=Verg|first2=Martin|year=2007 |title=Das Abenteuer das Hamburg heißt |edition=4th |location= Hamburg |publisher= Ellert&Richter |isbn= 9783831901371 |page=8}} {{de icon}}</ref> as does the exact location of the fortress.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hammaburg – der große Irrtum |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2007/12/12/826430.html |date=2007-12-12 |publisher=Hamburg Abendblatt |accessdate=2008-09-30}} {{de icon}}</ref>

In 834, Hamburg was designated the seat of a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] [[Prince-Bishop|bishopric]], whose first bishop, [[Ansgar]], became known as the Apostle of the North. Two years later, Hamburg was united with [[Archdiocese of Bremen|Bremen]] as the bishopric of Hamburg-Bremen.<ref name=verg15>[[#Verg|Verg (2007)]], p.15</ref> In 1529, the city embraced [[Lutheranism]], and Hamburg subsequently received [[Protestantism|Protestant]] refugees from the [[Netherlands]] and [[France]] and, in the 17th century, [[Portuguese Jewish community in Hamburg|Sephardi Jews]] from [[Portugal]].

Hamburg was destroyed and occupied several times. In 845, a fleet of 600 [[Viking]] ships came up the [[Elbe|River Elbe]] and destroyed Hamburg, at that time a town of around 500 inhabitants.<ref name="verg15"/> In 1030, the city was burned down by King [[Mieszko II Lambert]] of [[Poland]]. [[Valdemar II of Denmark]] raided and occupied Hamburg in 1201 and in 1214. The [[Black Death]] killed at least 60% of Hamburg's population in 1350.<ref>{{citation |last=Snell |first=Melissa |url=http://historymedren.about.com/od/theblackdeath/a/greatmortality_2.htm |title=The Great Mortality |publisher=Historymedren.about.com |accessdate=2009-04-19 |year=2006}}</ref> Hamburg had several great fires, the most notable ones in 1284 and 1842. In 1842, about a quarter of the inner city was destroyed in the "Great Fire". This fire started on the night of the 4 May 1842 and was extinguished on May 8. It destroyed three churches, the town hall, and many other buildings, killed 51 people, and left an estimated 20,000 homeless. Reconstruction took more than 40 years.

[[File:seal hamburg 1245.jpg|thumb|left|Seal of 1245]]
[[File:Hamburg.Karte1320.rekonstruiert.Gaedechen.jpg|thumb|Hamburg in 1320]]
[[File:Jmdavid hamburg.jpg|thumb|Hamburg in 1811]]
In 1189, by imperial charter, [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I "Barbarossa"]] granted Hamburg the status of an [[Free imperial city|Imperial Free City]] and tax-free access up the Lower Elbe into the North Sea. In 1265, an allegedly forged letter was presented to or by the Rath of Hamburg.<ref name=verg26>[[#Verg|Verg (2007)]], p. 26</ref> This charter, along with Hamburg's proximity to the main trade routes of the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]], quickly made it a major port in [[Northern Europe]]. Its trade alliance with [[Lübeck]] in 1241 marks the origin and core of the powerful Hanseatic League of trading cities. On November 8, 1266 a contract between [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] and Hamburg's traders allowed them to establish a ''hanse'' in London. This was the first time in history that the word ''hanse'' was mentioned for the trading guild [[Hanseatic League]].<ref name=verg30>[[#Verg|Verg (2007)]], p. 30</ref> The first description of civil, criminal and procedural law for a city in Germany in the German language, the ''Ordeelbook'' (''Ordeel'': sentence) was written by the solicitor of the senate ''Jordan von Boitzenburg'' in 1270.<ref>{{Citation |title=The Medieval Origins of Modern Legal Education: Between Church and State |first=David S. |last=Clark |journal=The American Journal of Comparative Law |volume=Vol. 35, No. 4 |year=1987 |pages=653–719 |publisher=American Society of Comparative Law |doi=10.2307/840129 |issue=4 |jstor=840129 }}</ref> On August 10, 1410, civil unrest forced a compromise (German:''Rezeß'', literally meaning: withdrawal). This is considered the first [[constitution of Hamburg]].<ref>[[#Verg|Verg (2007)]], p. 39</ref>

Upon the dissolution of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] in 1806, the [[Free imperial city|Free Imperial City]] of Hamburg was not incorporated into a larger administrative area while retaining special privileges ([[Mediatization|mediatised]]) but became a [[sovereignty|sovereign]] state with the official title of the ''Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg''. Hamburg was briefly annexed by [[Napoleon I]] to the [[First French Empire]] (1810–14). Russian forces under [[Levin August, Count von Bennigsen|General Bennigsen]] finally freed the city in 1814. Hamburg reassumed its pre-1811 status as a city-state in 1814. The [[Congress of Vienna|Vienna Congress]] of 1815 confirmed Hamburg's independence and it became one of 39 sovereign states of the [[German Confederation]] (1815–66).

In 1860, the state of Hamburg adopted a republican constitution. Hamburg became a city-state within the [[North German Confederation]] (1866–71), the [[German Empire]] (1871–1918) and during the period of the [[Weimar Republic]] (1919–33). Hamburg experienced its fastest growth during the second half of the 19th century, when its population more than quadrupled to 800,000 as the growth of the city's [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] trade helped make it Europe's third-largest port. With [[Albert Ballin]] as its director, the [[Hamburg America Line|Hamburg-America Line]] became the world's largest [[Atlantic Ocean|transatlantic]] shipping company at the turn of the century. Shipping companies sailing to [[South America]], [[Africa]], [[India]] and [[East Asia]] were based in the city. Hamburg was the departure port for most Germans and [[Eastern Europe]]ans to emigrate to the [[United States]] in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Trading communities from all over the world established themselves here.

A major outbreak of [[cholera]] in 1892 was badly handled by the city government, which still retained an unusual degree of independence for a German city at the time. About 8,600 died in the largest German epidemic of the late 19th century, and the last major cholera epidemic in a major city of the Western world.

===Second World War===
[[File:Hamburg after the 1943 bombing.jpg|thumb|[[Bombing of Hamburg in World War II|Hamburg after the 1943 bombing]]]]
In the [[Third Reich]], Hamburg was a ''[[Administrative division of Nazi Germany|Gau]]'' from 1934 until 1945. During [[World War II]] Hamburg suffered a series of British [[Bombing of Hamburg in World War II|air raids]],
which devastated much of the inhabited city as well as harbour areas. On July 23, 1943 a [[firestorm]] developed as a result of British firebombing and, coming from the Hauptbahnhof and quickly moving south-east, completely destroyed entire boroughs, such as [[Hammerbrook]], [[Billbrook]] or [[Hamm-south]]. These densely populated working-class boroughs underwent a dramatic demographic change as a result as thousands of people perished in the flames.
While some of the destroyed boroughs have been rebuilt as residential areas after the war,
others such as Hammerbrook are nowadays purely commercial areas with almost no residential population.
The raids, codenamed [[Operation Gomorrah]] by the [[RAF]], killed about 40,000 civilians; the precise number is not known.
About 1 million civilians were evacuated in the aftermath of the raids.

At least 42,900 people are thought to have perished <ref name="kz-neuengamme">[http://www.kz-gedenkstaette-neuengamme.de Gedenkstätte Konzentrationslager Neuengamme]</ref> in the [[Neuengamme concentration camp|Neuengamme]] [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]] (situated about {{convert|25|km|0|abbr=on}} outside the city in the marshlands), mostly due to epidemics and in the [[SS Cap Arcona (1927)|bombing of evacuation vessels]] at the end of the war.

===Postwar history===
Hamburg surrendered without a fight to [[British Armed Forces|British Forces]] on May 3, 1945.<ref>Ortwin Pelc, Kriegsende in Hamburg, Hamburg 2005</ref> After [[World War II]], Hamburg was in the [[Allied-occupied Germany|British Zone of Occupation]] and became a state of the then [[West Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]] in 1949. On February 16, 1962, the [[North Sea flood of 1962|North Sea flood of that year]] caused the Elbe to rise to an all-time high, inundating one-fifth of Hamburg and killing more than 300 people. In 1961, [[the Beatles]] became famous by playing music in clubs in Hamburg. By that time, [[Ringo Starr]], (Richard Starkey), had joined the band.

The [[inner German border]]—only {{convert|50|km|mi|-1}} east of Hamburg—separated the city from most of its hinterland and further reduced Hamburg's global trade. After [[German reunification]] in 1990, and the accession of some [[Eastern Europe]]an and [[Baltic states|Baltic States]] into the [[European Union|EU]] in 2004, the [[Port of Hamburg]] has ambitions for regaining its position as the region's largest deep-sea port for container shipping and its major commercial and trading centre.

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Hamburg}}
On December 31, 2006 there were 1,754,182 registered people living in Hamburg (up by 6.2% from 1,652,363 in 1990) in an area of {{convert|755.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The [[population density]] was {{convert|2322|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="fact2006buch">{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Statistical office Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein) |title=Statistisches Jahrbuch 2007/2008 |year=2007 |location=Hamburg |issn=1614-8045}} {{de icon}}</ref> The metropolitan area of the Hamburg region ([[Hamburg Metropolitan Region]]) is home to about 4.3 million, living on {{convert|19,000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.statistik-nord.de/fileadmin/download/faltblaetter/Metropolregion_englisch.pdf |format=PDF|title=Hamburg Metropolitan Area fact sheet |publisher=Statistical office Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein) |accessdate=2008-08-04}}</ref>

There were 856,132 males and 898,050 females in Hamburg. For every 1,000 males there were 1,049 females. In 2006 there were 16,089 births in Hamburg (of which 33.1% were to unmarried women), 6,921 marriages and 4,583 divorces. In the city, the population was spread out with 15.7% under the age of 18, and 18.8% were 65 years of age or older.<ref name="fact2006buch"/>

Recent estimates put the number of people with a migrant background at 28% (487.000).<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.statistik-nord.de/uploads/tx_standocuments/SI_SPEZIAL_V_2010_01.pdf |title= |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2011-06-01|postscript=.}}</ref> European immigrants constitute 70% of the migrant population, while Africans and south Asians make up 6% and 19%, respectively.<ref name=immigration/> Immigrants come from 180 different countries, including [[Turkish people|Turkey]], [[Poland]], [[Russia]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Iran]] or [[Ghana]].

In 1999, there were 910,304 households, of which 18.9% had children under the age of 18; 47.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 1.9.<ref name="fact 2006">Selectable data base: {{Citation |author=Source: Residents registration office |publisher=Statistical office Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein |url=http://www.statistik-nord.de/fileadmin/regional/regional.php |title=Regionalergebnisse |accessdate=2008-06-16}} {{de icon}}</ref>

===Religion===
In 2007, 30.7% of Hamburg's population belonged to the [[North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church]], and 10.2% to the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]].<ref>[http://www.ekd.de/download/kirchenmitglieder_2007.pdf EKD.de]</ref> Two years later , by the end of 2009 , 29.9 % of Hamburg's population belonged to the [[North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church]], and 10.1% to the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]].<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.ekd.de/download/Ber_Kirchenmitglieder_2009.pdf |title= |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2011-06-01|postscript=.}}</ref> 60 % of the population does not belong to one of these two churches of these - according to an estimate, there are 90,000 Muslims (74% Sunni, 13% Alevi and 8% Shi'ite). However, [[Alevi]]s do not always identify as Muslims.<ref name=immigration>{{cite report|author=Andreas Hieronymus|title=Muslims in Hamburg|url=http://www.soros.org/initiatives/home/articles_publications/publications/muslims-hamburg-20100629/a-muslims-hamburg-en-20100629.pdf |publisher=[[Open Society Institute]]|year=2010}}</ref> The remainder of the population consists of members of smaller Christian churches, [[Buddhism|Buddhists]],<ref>{{Citation |title=Dalai Lama Begins Visit to Germany With Criticism of China |publisher=dalailama.com |date=2007-07-19 |url=http://www.dalailama.com/news.146.htm| accessdate=2008-08-14 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080618212024/http://www.dalailama.com/news.146.htm |archivedate = June 18, 2008}}</ref> [[Sikh]]s, [[Hinduism|Hindus]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Baumann |first=Martin |title=Immigrant Hinduism in Germany: Tamils from Sri Lanka and Their Temples |publisher=[[Harvard University|Harvard university]] |year=2008 |url=http://www.pluralism.org/resources/slideshow/hindgerm/index.php |accessdate=2008-10-10 |quote = These migrants established several cultural societies and spacious, marvelously decorated temples in Hamburg, Frankfurt and Cologne (2 temples).}}</ref> [[Jews]], and those unaffiliated with any faith. Hamburg is seat of one of the three bishops of the North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church and seat of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg]]. There are several mosques, including the [[Islamic Centre Hamburg]] and a growing Jewish community.<ref>{{Citation |first=Dovid |last=Zaklikowski |url=http://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/561998/jewish/School-Returns-to-Hamburg-Building-Left-Judenrein.htm |title=Jewish School Returns to Hamburg Building Left Judenrein by Nazis |date=2007-08-30 |accessdate=2008-08-11 |publisher=chabad.org }}</ref>

==Government==
{{See|Government of Hamburg|List of mayors of Hamburg}}

[[File:Hamburg town hall tower.JPG|thumb|upright|Hamburg City Hall (front view)]]
The city of Hamburg is one of 16 [[States of Germany|German states]], therefore the [[Government of Hamburg|Mayor of Hamburg]]'s office corresponds more to the role of a [[Minister-President|minister-president]] than to the one of a city mayor. As a [[States of Germany#Politics|German state government]], it is responsible for public education, correctional institutions and public safety; as a municipality, it is additionally responsible for libraries, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply and welfare services.

Since 1897, the seat of the government has been the [[Hamburg Rathaus]], with the office of the mayor, the meeting room for the Senate and the floor for the [[Hamburg Parliament]].<ref name=rathaus>{{Citation |title=Kleiner Rathausführer |location=Hamburg |publisher=[[Government of Hamburg#Ministries|State Chancellery]] |year=2006 }} {{de icon}}</ref> From 2001 until 2010, the mayor of Hamburg was [[Ole von Beust]],<ref name=usatoday2008>{{Citation |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-02-24-Germany-elections_N.htm |title=German conservatives win most votes |accessdate=2008-08-13 |publisher=usa today |date=2008-02-24 }}</ref> who governed in Germany's first state-wide "black-green" coalition, consisting of the conservative [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]] and the alternative GAL, which are Hamburg's regional wing of the [[Alliance '90/The Greens]] party.<ref>{{Citation |last=Kopp |first=Martin |title= Geheime Absprachen zwischen CDU und Grünen |year=2007 |location=Hamburg |publisher=[[Die Welt]] |url=http://www.welt.de/hamburg/arti2318261/Geheime_Absprachen_zwischen_CDU_und_Gruenen.html |date=2008-08-12| accessdate=2008-08-13 |postscript=. }} {{de icon}}</ref> Von Beust was briefly succeeded by [[Christoph Ahlhaus]] in 2010 but the coalition broke apart on November, 28. 2010.<ref>[http://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2010-11/cdu-gruene-hamburg Schwarz-Grün in Hamburg am Ende] in [[Die Zeit]] - online, revisited on November, 28. 2010.</ref> On 7 March 2011 [[Olaf Scholz]] (SPD) became mayor.

===Boroughs===
{{Main|Boroughs and quarters of Hamburg}}
[[File:Hamburg Subdivisions.svg|thumb|left|250px|Boroughs of Hamburg]]
[[File:Germany (2), Neuwerk, Scharhörn, Nigehörn.jpg|thumb|220px| The part of the North Sea in this aerial picture is called the [[Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park]] and belongs administratively to the borough of [[Hamburg-Mitte]]. Some 39 people live here on the island [[Neuwerk]] (visible just above the center).]]

Hamburg is made up of 7 boroughs (German: ''Bezirke'') and subdivided into 105 quarters (German: ''Stadtteile''). There are also 180 localities (German: ''Ortsteile''). The urban organization is regulated by the Constitution of Hamburg and several laws.<ref name=constitution/><ref name=borough>Borough Administration Act {{Citation |title=Bezirksverwaltungsgesetz (BezVG)
|url=http://hh.juris.de/hh/gesamt/BezVwG_HA_2006.htm |accessdate=2008-09-21 |date=2006-07-06 }} {{de icon}}</ref> Most of the quarters were former independent cities, towns or villages annexed into Hamburg proper. The last large annexation was done through the [[Greater Hamburg Act]] of 1937, when the cities [[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]], [[Harburg, Hamburg|Harburg]] and [[Hamburg-Wandsbek|Wandsbek]] were merged into the state of Hamburg.<ref name=greateract>[[Greater Hamburg Act]] {{Citation |title=Groß-Hamburg-Gesetz |url=http://www.verfassungen.de/de/hh/hamburg37.htm |date=1937-01-26 |accessdate=2008-09-24 }} {{de icon}}</ref> The ''Act of the Constitution and Administration of Hanseatic city of Hamburg'' established Hamburg as a state and a municipality.<ref name=reichconst>Reich Act of the Constitution and Administration of Hanseatic city of Hamburg {{Citation |title=Reichsgesetz über die Verfassung und Verwaltung der Hansestadt Hamburg |url=http://www.verfassungen.de/de/hh/hamburg37-1.htm |date=1937-12-09 |accessdate=2008-09-24 }} {{de icon}}</ref> Some of the boroughs and quarters have been rearranged several times over the years.

Each borough is governed by a Borough Council (German: ''Bezirksversammlung'') and administered by a Municipal Administrator (German: ''Bezirksamtsleiter''). The boroughs of Hamburg are not independent municipalities. The power of borough governments is limited and subordinate to the [[Mayor of Hamburg|Senate of Hamburg]]. The borough administrator is elected by the Borough Council and thereafter requires confirmation and appointment by Hamburgs' Senate.<ref name=borough/> The quarters have no governing bodies of their own.

In 2008 the boroughs of Hamburg were Altona, Bergedorf, Eimsbüttel, Hamburg-Mitte, Hamburg-Nord, Harburg and Wandsbek.<ref name=actareal>Hamburg Act of Areal Organization {{Citation |title=Gesetz über die räumliche Gliederung der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg (RäumGiG) |date=2006-07-06 |url=http://hh.juris.de/hh/gesamt/RGlG_HA.htm |accessdate=2008-09-24 }} {{de icon}}</ref>

''[[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]]'' is the westernmost urban borough on the right bank of the Elbe river. From 1640 to 1864 Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent city until 1937. Politically, the following quarters are part of Altona: Altona-Altstadt, [[Altona-Nord]], [[Bahrenfeld]], [[Ottensen]], [[Othmarschen]], Groß Flottbek, [[Osdorf, Hamburg|Osdorf]], [[Lurup]], [[Nienstedten]], [[Blankenese]], [[Iserbrook]], [[Sülldorf]], [[Rissen]], Sternschanze.<ref name=actareal/>

''[[Bergedorf]]'' consists of the quarters [[Allermöhe]], [[Altengamme]], [[Bergedorf (quarter)|Bergedorf]]—the city center of the former independent city, Billwerder, Curslack, Kirchwerder, [[Lohbrügge]], Moorfleet, [[Neuengamme]], Ochsenwerder, Reitbrook, Spadenland and Tatenberg.<ref name=actareal/>

''[[Eimsbüttel]]'' is split into nine quarters: Eidelstedt, [[Eimsbüttel (quarter)|Eimsbüttel]], Harvestehude, Hoheluft-West, Lokstedt, [[Niendorf, Hamburg|Niendorf]], [[Rotherbaum]], Schnelsen and Stellingen.<ref name=actareal/> Located within this borough is former Jewish neighbourhood Grindel.

''[[Hamburg-Mitte]]'' ("Hamburg Centre") covers mostly the urban center of the city of Hamburg and consists of the quarters Billbrook, Billstedt, Borgfelde, [[Finkenwerder]], [[HafenCity]], Hamm-Nord, Hamm-Mitte, Hamm-Süd, [[Hammerbrook]], [[Horn, Hamburg|Horn]], [[Kleiner Grasbrook]], [[Neuwerk]], [[Rothenburgsort]], [[St. Georg, Hamburg|St. Georg]], [[St. Pauli]], Steinwerder, [[Veddel]], Waltershof and [[Wilhelmsburg, Hamburg|Wilhelmsburg]].<ref name=actareal/> The quarters Hamburg-Altstadt ("old town") and Neustadt ("new town") are the historical origin of Hamburg.

''[[Hamburg-Nord]]'' contains the quarters [[Alsterdorf]], Barmbek-Nord, Barmbek-Süd, Dulsberg, Eppendorf, [[Fuhlsbüttel]], Groß Borstel, Hoheluft-Ost, Hohenfelde, [[Langenhorn, Hamburg|Langenhorn]], Ohlsdorf, Uhlenhorst and [[Winterhude]].<ref name=actareal/>

''[[Harburg, Hamburg|Harburg]]'' lies on the southern shores of the river Elbe and covers parts of the port of Hamburg, residential and rural areas, and some research institutes. The quarters are [[Altenwerder]], [[Cranz, Hamburg|Cranz]], Eißendorf, Francop, Gut Moor, [[Harburg (quarter)|Harburg]], Hausbruch, Heimfeld, Langenbek, Marmstorf, Moorburg, [[Neuenfelde]], [[Neugraben-Fischbek]], Neuland, Rönneburg, Sinstorf and Wilstorf.<ref name=actareal/>

''[[Wandsbek]]'' is divided into the quarters Bergstedt, Bramfeld, Duvenstedt, [[Eilbek]], Farmsen-Berne, Hummelsbüttel, Jenfeld, Lemsahl-Mellingstedt, Marienthal, [[Poppenbüttel]], Rahlstedt, Sasel, Steilshoop, Tonndorf, Volksdorf, [[Wandsbek (quarter)|Wandsbek]], Wellingsbüttel and Wohldorf-Ohlstedt.<ref name=actareal/>

==Cityscape==
{{wide image|AlsterPanorama.jpg|1000px|A panoramic view of the Hamburg Skyline of the [[Binnenalster]] taken from Kennedybrücke.}}

===Architecture===
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|[[File:Palmaille Südseite.jpg|thumb|Neoclassical Palmaille, [[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]]]]
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|[[File:Hamburg Hafencity Magellanterrassen.JPG|thumb|Urban regeneration at [[HafenCity]] in 2009]]
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[[File:€2 commemorative coin Germany 2008.png|thumb|left|upright|[[St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg|St. Michaelis Church]] on the €2 coin 2008]]
Hamburg has architecturally significant buildings in a wide range of styles. There are, however, only few [[skyscraper]]s. On the other hand, churches like [[St. Nikolai, Hamburg|St. Nicholas's church]], the world's tallest building in the 19th century, are important landmarks. The skyline of Hamburg features the high spires of the principal churches (''Hauptkirchen'') [[St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg|St. Michael's Church]] (nicknamed “Michel"), [[St. Peter's Church, Hamburg|St. Peter's Church]], [[St. Jacobi, Hamburg|St. James's]] (''St. Jacobi'') and [[St. Catherine's Church, Hamburg|St. Catherine's Church]] covered with copper plates, and of course the [[Heinrich-Hertz-Turm]], the once publicly accessible radio and television tower.

The many streams, rivers and canals in Hamburg are crossed by over 2300 bridges, more than [[Amsterdam]] or [[Venice]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Hamburg – Grüne Metropole am Wasser |url=http://www.hamburg.de/umwelt/wasser/150782/stadt-am-wasser.html |date=2007-07-01 |author=Staff |publisher=[[Government of Hamburg#Ministries|Behörde für Stadtentwicklung und Umwelt]] |location=Hamburg |accessdate=2008-09-24 }} {{de icon}}</ref> Hamburg has more bridges inside its city limits than any other city in the world. The [[Köhlbrandbrücke]], [[Freihafen Elbbrücken]], and Lombardsbrücke and Kennedybrücke dividing Binnenalster from Aussenalster are important roadways.

The [[Hamburg Rathaus|town hall]] is a richly decorated Neo-Renaissance building finished in 1897.
The tower is {{convert|112|m|0}} high. Its facade, {{convert|111|m|0|abbr=on}} long, depicts the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, since Hamburg was, as a Free Imperial City, only under the sovereignty of the emperor.<ref>{{Citation |first=Eike Manfred |last=Buba |url=http://fhh1.hamburg.de/fhh/internetausstellungen/rathausfuehrung/rathausmarkt.htm |title=Auf dem Rathausmarkt |year=1998 |publisher=[http://fhh1.hamburg.de/fhh/internetausstellungen/rathausfuehrung/index.htm Hamburg website] |accessdate=2008-08-13 }} {{de icon}}</ref> The [[Chilehaus]], a brick stone office building built in 1922 and designed by architect [[Johann Friedrich Höger|Fritz Höger]], is shaped like an ocean liner.

Europe's largest inner-city development (as of 2008), the [[HafenCity]], will house about 10,000 inhabitants and 15,000 workers. The plan includes designs by [[Rem Koolhaas]] and [[Renzo Piano]]. The [[Elbe Philharmonic Hall]] ''(Elbphilharmonie)'', expected to be completed by mid-2012, will house concerts in a building on top of an old warehouse, designed by the Swiss firm ''[[Herzog & de Meuron]]''.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |title=River Tunes: Elbe Philharmonic Hall by Herzog & de Meuron |url=http://www.archnewsnow.com/features/Feature223.htm |date=2007-04-05 |accessdate=2008-08-23 |publisher=ArchNewsNow.com }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Jaeger |first=Falk |title=Waterfront Living and Working: Hamburg's HafenCity |url=http://www.goethe.de/kue/arc/dos/dos/sls/en3356905.htm |publisher=[[Goethe-Institut]] |month=May |year=2008 |accessdate=2008-08-23 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080602083717/http://www.goethe.de/kue/arc/dos/dos/sls/en3356905.htm  |archivedate = 2008-06-02}}</ref>

The many parks of Hamburg are distributed over the whole city, which makes Hamburg a very verdant city. The biggest parks are the ''Stadtpark'', the [[Ohlsdorf Cemetery]] and [[Planten un Blomen]]. The ''Stadtpark'', Hamburg's "Central Park", has a great lawn and a huge water tower, which houses one of Europe's biggest [[planetarium|planetaria]]. The park and its buildings were designed by [[Fritz Schumacher (architect)|Fritz Schumacher]] in the 1910s.

===Parks and gardens===
The ''[[Alter Botanischer Garten Hamburg]]'' is a historic [[botanical garden]], located in the ''[[Planten un Blomen]]'' park, which now consists primarily of [[greenhouse]]s. The ''[[Botanischer Garten Hamburg]]'' is a modern [[botanical garden]] maintained by the [[University of Hamburg]].

==Culture and contemporary life==
Hamburg offers more than 40 theatres, 60 museums and 100 music venues and clubs. In 2005, more than 18 million people visited concerts, exhibitions, theatres, cinemas, museums, and cultural events. More than 8,552 taxable companies – the average size was 3.16 employees – were engaged in the culture sector, which includes music, performing arts and literature. There are five (5) companies in the creative sector per thousand residents (Berlin 3, London 37).<ref>{{Citation |author=Institut für Kultur- und Medienmanagement |url=http://www.hamburg.de/servlet/contentblob/182046/kwb-hh-2006-neu/data.pdf |format=PDF|title=Kulturwirtschaftsbericht 2006 |date = August 2006|publisher=Behörde für Kultur, Sport und Medien |location=Hamburg |accessdate=2008-08-13 }} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{de icon}}</ref>
Hamburg has entered the [[European Green Capital Award]] scheme, and was awarded the title of European Green Capital for 2011.

===Theatres===
{{wrapper}}
|[[File:Hamburg Deutsches Schauspielhaus 01 KMJ.jpg|thumb|''Deutsches Schauspielhaus'' in the quarter St. Georg.]]
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|[[File:Hh-hammoniabad.jpg|thumb|The ''English Theatre'']]
|}
The state-owned ''[[Deutsches Schauspielhaus]]'', the [[Thalia Theatre (Hamburg)|Thalia Theatre]], and the ''Kampnagel'' are well-known theatres in Germany and abroad.<ref>{{Citation |author=Kulturstiftung des Bundes |url=http://www.kulturstiftung-des-bundes.de/main.jsp?applicationID=203&languageID=2&articleID=3076 |title=Bayreuth Was Yesterday – New Opera at Kampnagel |accessdate=2008-08-13}}</ref> [http://www.englishtheatre.de/ ''The English Theatre''] near U3 Mundsburg station was established in 1976 and is the oldest professional English-speaking theatre in Germany, and has exclusively English native-speaking actors in its company.

===Museums===
Hamburg possesses several big museums and galleries showing classical and contemporary art, as for example the [[Kunsthalle Hamburg]] with its contemporary art gallery (''Galerie der Gegenwart''), the Museum for Art and Industry (''[[Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg|Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe]]'') and the [[Deichtorhallen]]/House of Photography. The [[Internationales Maritimes Museum Hamburg]] opened in the HafenCity quarter in 2008. There are various specialised museums in Hamburg, such as the Museum of Labour (''Museum der Arbeit''), and several museums of local history, for example the Kiekeberg Open Air Museum (''Freilichtmuseum am Kiekeberg''). Two ''museum ships'' near Landungsbrücken bear witness to the freight ship (''[[Cap San Diego]]'') and cargo sailing ship era (''[[Rickmer Rickmers]]'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.museen-in-hamburg.de/ |title=Museums in Hamburg |accessdate=December 29, 2009}}</ref> The world's largest model railway museum [[Miniatur Wunderland]] with {{convert|12|km|2|abbr=on}} total railway length is also situated near Landungsbrücken in a former warehouse.

''BallinStadt Emigration City'' is dedicated to the millions of Europeans who emigrated from its mass accommodation halls to North and South America between 1850 and 1939. Visitors descending from those overseas emigrants may search for their ancestors at computer terminals.

===Music===
[[Hamburg State Opera]] is a leading opera company. Its orchestra is the [[Philharmoniker Hamburg]]. The city's other well-known orchestra is the [[North German Radio Symphony Orchestra]]. The main concert venue is the [[Laeiszhalle]], ''Musikhalle Hamburg'', pending completion of the new [[Elbe Philharmonic Hall]]. The Laeiszhalle also houses a third orchestra, the [[Hamburger Symphoniker]]. [[György Ligeti]] and [[Alfred Schnittke]] taught at the [[Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Transcript of the John Tusa Interview with Gyorgy Ligeti |author=Staff |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/ligeti_transcript.shtml |year=1999 |publisher=BBC |accessdate=2008-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Alfred Schnittke |author=Staff |url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/cr/composer/composer_main.asp?composerid=2731&ttype=BIOGRAPHY&ttitle=Biography/ |publisher=[[Boosey & Hawkes]] |accessdate=2008-09-24 }}</ref>

Since the German premiere of ''[[Cats (musical)|Cats]]'' in 1985, there have always been [[musical theatre|musicals]] running in the city, including ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]'', ''[[The Lion King (musical)|The Lion King]]'', ''[[Dirty Dancing#Stage version|Dirty Dancing]]'', and ''[[Dance of the Vampires]]''. This density, the highest in Germany, is partly due to the major musical production company ''[[Stage Entertainment]]'' being based in the city.

Hamburg is the birthplace of [[Johannes Brahms]], who spent his formative early years in the city.

Prior to the group's initial recording and subsequent widespread fame, Hamburg provided residency and performing venues for [[The Beatles in Hamburg|The Beatles]] from 1960 to 1962. Hamburg has produced a number of pop musicians. Identical twin brothers [[Bill Kaulitz]] and Tom Kaulitz from the rock band [[Tokio Hotel]] live and maintain a recording studio in Hamburg, where they recorded their second and third albums, [[Zimmer 483]] and [[Humanoid]]. Singer [[Nena]] also lives in Hamburg. There are German hip hop acts, such as [[Fünf Sterne deluxe]], [[Samy Deluxe]], Beginner and [[Fettes Brot]]. There is a substantial [[alternative rock|alternative]] and [[punk rock|punk]] scene, which gathers around the [[Rote Flora]], a [[squatting|squatted]] former theatre located in the Sternschanze. Hamburg is famous for an original kind of German [[alternative rock|alternative music]] called ''[[Hamburger Schule]]'' ("Hamburg School"), a term used for bands like [[Tocotronic]], [[Blumfeld]], [[Tomte (band)|Tomte]] or [[Kante (band)|Kante]].

The city was a major center for [[heavy metal music]] in the 1980s. [[Helloween]], [[Running Wild (band)|Running Wild]] and [[Grave Digger (band)|Grave Digger]] started in Hamburg.<ref>{{Citation |title=allmusic (((Helloween > Biography ))) |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p4471|pure_url=yes}} |first=Eduardo |last=Rivadavia |publisher=allmusic |accessdate=2008-09-24}}</ref> The [[industrial rock]] band [[KMFDM]] was also formed in Hamburg, initially as a performance art project. The influences of these and other bands from the area helped establish the subgenre of [[power metal]].

Hamburg has a violent psychotic trance community, with record labels such as [[Spirit Zone Records|Spirit Zone]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Spirit Zone Recordings |author=Staff |url=http://www.discogs.com/label/Spirit+Zone+Recordings |publisher=www.discogs.com |accessdate=2008-09-24 }}</ref>

===Festivals and regular events===
[[File:Hamburger Hafengeburtstag.jpg|thumb|left|annual [[Port of Hamburg]]-birthday]]
Hamburg is noted for several festivals and regular events. Some of them are street festivals, such as the [[gay pride]] ''[[Christopher Street Day]]'' festival<ref>{{cite web |title=Christopher Street day Hamburg |url=http://www.hamburg-pride.de/ |accessdate=2008-10-05}} {{de icon}}</ref> or the Alster fair,<ref>{{cite web |title=Alstervergnügen Hamburg |url=http://www.alstervergnuegen.net/ |accessdate=2008-10-05}} {{de icon}}</ref> held at the ''[[Binnenalster]]''. The ''[[Hamburger DOM]]'' is a northern Germany's biggest fun fair held three times a year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wann ist DOM |url=http://www.hamburger-dom.de/wann_ist_dom.html |accessdate=1008-10-05 }} {{de icon}}</ref> ''Hafengeburtstag'' is a [[funfair]] to honour the birthday of the port of Hamburg with a party and a ship parade.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hafengeburtstag Hamburg |url=http://english.hamburg.de/hamburg-events/290988/hafengeburtstag-hamburg-english.html |accessdate=2008-10-05 }}</ref> The biker's service in [[St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg|Saint Michael's Church]] attracts tens of thousands of [[Motorcycle|bikers]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Zehntausende Biker und ein schwerer Unfall |url=http://www.spiegel.de/auto/aktuell/0,1518,565599,00.html |date=2008-07-13 |publisher=[[Der Spiegel|Spiegel online]] |accessdate=2008-10-05 }} {{de icon}}</ref> Christmas markets in December are held at the [[Hamburg Rathaus]] square, among other places.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hamburg.de/weihnachtsmaerkte/ |title=Weihnachtsmärkte in Hamburg-Mitte 2008 |publisher=[[Hamburg-Mitte|Bezirk Hamburg-Mitte]] |accessdate=2008-09-30 }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{de icon}}</ref> The ''long night of museums'' offers one entrance fee for about 40 museums until midnight.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lange Nacht der Museen |url=http://www.hamburg.de/lange-nacht-der-museen-hamburg/ |accessdate=2008-10-05}} {{de icon}}</ref> The sixth ''Festival of Cultures'' was held in September 2008, celebrating multi-cultural life.<ref>{{cite web |title=6. Festival der Kulturen Hamburg |url=http://www.karneval-kulturen-hamburg.de/ |accessdate=2008-10-05 }}</ref> The ''Filmfest Hamburg'' — a film festival originating from the 1950s ''Film Days'' (German: ''Film Tage'') — presents a wide range of films.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.filmfest-hamburg.de/en/index.php |title=Filmfest Hamburg |accessdate=2008-10-05}}</ref> The ''Hamburg Messe and Congress'' offers a venue for trade shows, such ''hanseboot'', an international boat show, or ''Du und deine Welt'', a large consumer products show.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hamburg-messe.de/hmc/content/hmc/en/start.php |title=Welcoming the world |accessdate=2008-10-05}}</ref> Regular sports events—some open to pro and amateur participants—are the cycling competition [[Vattenfall Cyclassics]], the [[Hamburg Marathon]], the biggest marathon in Germany after Berlin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iaaf.org/LRR08/news/newsid=44599.html |title=Mandago, Timofeyeva impress at Hamburg Marathon |date=2008-04-27 |accessdate=2008-10-05 }}</ref> the tennis tournament [[International German Open|Hamburg Masters]] and equestrian events like the [[Deutsches Derby]]. Since 2007, Hamburg has the [[Dockville]] music and art festival. It takes place every year in summer in [[Wilhelmsburg, Hamburg|Wilhelmsburg]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dockville.de |title=Dockville |accessdate=2009-06-19}}</ref>

===Cuisine===
[[File:Scholle mit Speck.jpg|thumb|fried plaice [[Finkenwerder]] style]]
Original Hamburg dishes are ''[[Birnen, Bohnen und Speck]]'' ([[Northern Low Saxon dialect|Low Saxon]] ''Birn, Bohn un Speck'', green beans cooked with pears and bacon),<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/07/05/43504.html |title=Birnen, Bohnen, Speck – Schmeckt vorzüglich |date=2002-07-05 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref> ''Aalsuppe'' (Low Saxon ''Oolsupp'') is often mistaken to be German for “eel soup“ (''Aal''/''Ool'' translated ‘eel’), but the name probably comes from the Low Saxon ''allns'' {{IPA|[aˑlns]}}, meaning “all”, “everything and the kitchen sink”, not necessarily eel. Today eel is often included to meet the expectations of unsuspecting diners.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/06/25/39651.html |title=Aalsuppe – Frage des Geschmacks |date=2002-06-25|accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref> There is ''Bratkartoffeln'' (Low Saxon ''Brootkartüffeln'', pan-fried potato slices), ''Finkenwerder Scholle'' (Low Saxon ''Finkwarder Scholl'', pan-fried plaice), ''Pannfisch'' (pan-fried fish),<ref>{{ Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/06/25/39713.html |title=Maischollen – Zart gebraten |date=2002-06-25 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref> ''[[Rødgrød|Rote Grütze]]'' (Low Saxon ''Rode Grütt'', related to Danish ''rødgrød'', a type of summer pudding made mostly from berries and usually served with cream, like Danish ''rødgrød med fløde'')<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendbla |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/06/25/39656.html |title=Grütze – Mit kalter Milch |date=2002-06-25 |accessdate=2008-08-11}} {{de icon}}</ref> and ''[[Labskaus]]'' (a mixture of corned beef, mashed potatoes and beetroot, a cousin of the Norwegian ''lapskaus'' and [[Liverpool]]'s [[Scouse (food)|lobscouse]], all offshoots off an old-time one-pot meal that used to be the main component of the common sailor's humdrum diet on the high seas).<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/06/25/39664.html |title=Labskaus – Essen der Matrosen |date=2002-06-25 |accessdate=2008-08-11}} {{de icon}}</ref>

''Alsterwasser'' is the local name for a "Radler" in Hamburg (a reference to the city's river Alster with two lake-like bodies in the city center thanks to damming), both a type of [[shandy]], a concoction of equal parts of beer and carbonated lemonade (''Zitronenlimonade''), the lemonade being added to the beer.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/08/01/52867.html |title=Alsterwasser – Bier und Limonade |date=2002-08-10 |accessdate=2008-08-11}} {{de icon}}</ref>

There is the curious regional dessert pastry called ''Franzbrötchen''. Looking rather like a flattened croissant, the ''Franzbrötchen'' is somewhat similar in preparation but includes a cinnamon and sugar filling, often with raisins or brown sugar [[streusel]]. The name may also reflect to the roll's [[croissant]]-like appearance – ''franz'' appears to be a shortening of ''französisch'', meaning "French", which would make a ''Franzbrötchen'' a “French roll.”
Ordinary bread rolls tend to be oval-shaped and of the French bread variety. The local name is ''Rundstück'' (“round piece” rather than mainstream German ''Brötchen'', diminutive form of ''Brot'' “bread”),<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/08/05/53895.html |title=Rundstück – Hamburger Brötchen |date=2002-08-05 |accessdate= 2008-06-06}} {{de icon}}</ref> a relative of Denmark's ''rundstykke''. In fact, while by no means identical, the cuisines of Hamburg and Denmark, especially of Copenhagen have a lot in common. This also includes a predilection for open-faced sandwiches of all sorts, especially topped with cold-smoked or pickled fish. The American [[hamburger]] seems to have developed from Hamburg's ''Frikadelle'': a pan-fried patty (usually larger and thicker than the American counterpart) made from a mixture of ground beef, soaked [[staling|stale bread]], egg, chopped onion, salt and pepper, usually served with potatoes and vegetables like any other piece of meat, not usually on a bun.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}} The Oxford Dictionary defined a ''Hamburger steak'' in 1802: a sometimes-smoked and -salted piece of meat, that, according to some sources, came from Hamburg to America.<ref>{{Citation |last=Stradley |first=Linda |title=History of Hamburgers |url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/HamburgerHistory.htm |year=2004 |accessdate=2008-08-23 }}</ref>

===Language===
As is typical for Northern Germany, the original language of Hamburg is [[Low German]], usually referred to as ''Hamborger Platt'' (German ''Hamburger Platt'') or ''[[Hamburgisch|Hamborgsch]]''. It is still in use, albeit by a minority and rarely in public.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}} Since large-scale Germanization beginning in earnest within the 18th century, various Low German-colored dialects have developed (contact-varieties of German on Low Saxon substrates). Originally, there was a range of such [[Missingsch]] varieties, the best-known being the low-prestige ones of the working classes and the somewhat more bourgeois ''Hanseatendeutsch'' (Hanseatic German), although the term is used in appreciation.<ref>{{Citation |contribution=Die deutsche Sprache—eine Dialektlandschaft |title=Nationalatlas Bundesrepublik Deutschland |last=Bausch |first=Karl-Heinz |contribution-url=http://www.ifl-nationalatlas.de/download/bsppdf/Band_6_bsp.pdf |year=2007 |accessdate=2008-09-24 |publisher=Leibniz-Institut für Länderkunde |location=Leipzig |isbn=3827409470 |pages=94–95 }} {{de icon}}</ref> All of these are now moribund due to the influences of Standard German used by education and media. However, the former importance of Low German is indicated by several songs, such as the famous [[sea shanty]] [[Hamborger Veermaster]], written in the 19th century when Low German was used more frequently.

===Tourism===
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|[[File:Speicherstadt 1890.jpg|thumb|Warehouse district 1873]]
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|[[File:Speicherstadt3glp.JPG|Warehouse district|thumb]]
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|[[File:Freedom-of-the-Seas--in-Hamburg.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of the Seas'' behind the ''Landungsbrücken'']]
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{{See also|List of museums and cultural institutions in Hamburg}}

Tourists play a significant role in the city's economy. In 2007, Hamburg attracted more than 3,985,105 visitors with 7,402,423 overnight stays.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=[http://www.hamburg-tourism.de/ Hamburg Tourismus GmbH] |url=http://www.hamburg-tourism.de/fileadmin/files/B2B/Zahlen_und_Fakten/Tourismusmonitor/Newsletter/Newsletter_Nr18.pdf |format=PDF|title=Newsletter Nr. 18 |date=2008-02-29 |accessdate=2008-08-13}} {{de icon}}</ref> The tourism sector employs more than 175,000 people full-time and brings in [[revenue]] of €9.3 billion, making the tourism industry a major economic force in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region. Hamburg has one of the fastest-growing tourism industries in Germany. From 2001 to 2007, the overnight stays in the city increased by 55.2% (Berlin +52.7%, [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern|Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania]] +33%).<ref>{{Citation |publisher=[[Politics of Hamburg#Ministries|Behörde für Kultur, Sport und Medien]] |url=http://www.hamburg.de/daten-fakten/349180/aktuelles.html |title=Umsatzbringer und Jobmotor Tourismus |author=Staff |date=2008-07-11 |accessdate=2008-08-13 }} {{de icon}}</ref>

A typical Hamburg visit includes a tour of the city hall and the grand church [[St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg|St. Michaelis]] (called the ''Michel''), and visiting the old warehouse district (''[[Speicherstadt]]'') and the [[Landungsbrücken|harbour promenade]] (''Landungsbrücken''). Sightseeing buses connect these points of interest. As Hamburg is one of the world's largest harbours many visitors take one of the harbour and/or canal boat tours (''Große Hafenrundfahrt'', ''Fleetfahrt'') which start from the ''Landungsbrücken''. Major destinations also include [[museum]]s.

Many visitors take a walk in the evening around the area of [[Reeperbahn]] in the quarter [[St. Pauli]], Europe's largest red light district{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} and home of strip clubs, brothels, bars and nightclubs. The singer and actor [[Hans Albers]] is strongly associated with St. Pauli, and wrote the neighbourhood's unofficial anthem, "Auf der Reeperbahn Nachts um Halb Eins" in the 1940s. [[The Beatles]] had stints on the Reeperbahn early in their careers. Others prefer the laid-back neighbourhood ''Schanze'' with its street cafés, or a barbecue on one of the beaches along the river Elbe. Hamburg's famous zoo, the [[Tierpark Hagenbeck]], was founded in 1907 by [[Carl Hagenbeck]] as the first zoo with moated, barless enclosures.<ref>{{Cite news |publisher=[[National Audubon Society]] |work=Audubon Magazine |title=The New Zoo |url=http://audubonmagazine.org/features0111/newzoo.html |author=Rene S. Ebersole |month=November |year=2001 |accessdate=2008-10-01}}</ref>

Some visit Hamburg out of a specific interest, notably one of the musicals, a sports event, a trade show or convention. In 2005, the average visitor spent two nights in Hamburg.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}

The majority of visitors come from Germany. Most foreigners are European, especially from the [[United Kingdom]] (171,000 overnight stays), [[Switzerland]] (about 143,000 overnight stays) and [[Austria]] (about 137,000 overnight stays). The largest group from outside Europe comes from the [[United States]] (129,000 overnight stays).<ref>{{Citation |title=Zahlen,Fakten,Trends 2007 |url=http://www.hamburg-tourism.de/fileadmin/files/B2B/Zahlen_und_Fakten/Studien_Publikationen/Zahlen-Fakten-Trends_2007.pdf |format=PDF |year=2008 |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburg Tourismus GmbH |accessdate=2008-09-24 }} {{de icon}}</ref><ref>Ulrich Gaßdorf: Engländer wollen in den Hafen, Amerikaner in gute Restaurants. In: Hamburger Abendblatt from October, 24 2009, page 17</ref>

The cruise terminal is also a draw. The [[RMS Queen Mary 2|Queen Mary 2]] has docked in Hamburg regularly since 2004, and there are six departures planned from 2010 onwards.<ref>''Hamburg wird heimlicher Heimathafen der "Queen Mary 2" (in English: Hamburg nearly a home port for "Queen Mary 2").'' In: Hamburger Abendblatt from January, 15 2010, p. 13</ref>

===English culture===
There are several English-speaking communities in Hamburg, such as Caledonian Society of Hamburg, British Club Hamburg, British and Commonwealth Luncheon Club, Professional Women's Forum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britaininhamburg.de/ |title=Britain in Hamburg |accessdate=2009-09-13 |publisher=ning.com}}</ref> American and international English-speaking organisations are The American Club of Hamburg [[eingetragener Verein|e.V.]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.americanclub.de |title=Website of the American Club of Hamburg |accessdate=2009-09-13}}</ref> the American Women's Club, the English Speaking Union, and the German-American Women's Club.<ref>Hamburg Führer Verlag GmbH: ''Hamburg Guide'', May 2009, p. 61</ref>

===Memorials===
A memorial for successful English engineer [[William Lindley]], who reorganized, beginning in 1842, the drinking water and sewage system and thus helped to fight against cholera, is located near Baumwall train station in Vorsetzen street.

In 2009, more than 2,500 "stumbling blocks" ''([[Stolpersteine]])'' were laid, engraved with the names of deported and murdered citizens. Inserted into the pavement in front of their former houses, the blocks are meant to draw attention to the victims of Nazi persecution.<ref>{{citation |title=Die Orte bleibe |last1=Behling |first1=Heidburg |last2=Garbe |first2=Detlef |newspaper=Mittelungen des Freundeskreises KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme |date = January 2009|page= 3 |issue=11}} {{de icon}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F078953-0003, Hamburg, Börse.jpg|thumb|Hamburg Stock Exchange]]
The 2007 [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) totaled €88.9 billion.<ref name="Basisdaten 2007">{{Citation |url=http://www.hamburg.de/daten-fakten/257342/volkswirtschaftliche-basisdaten.html |title=Volkswirtschaftliche Basisdaten 2007 |publisher=HWF Hamburgische Gesellschaft für Wirtschaftsförderung |accessdate=2008-08-06}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{de icon}}</ref>
The city has the highest GDP in Germany – €50,000 per capita – and a relatively high employment rate, at 88 percent of the working-age population, employed in over 120,000 businesses.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://hamburg-economy.de/res/downloads/wirtschaftsstandort_hh.pdf |format=PDF|title=Hamburg Hotspot in the North |publisher=[[Government of Hamburg#Ministries|Hamburg Ministry of Economic and Labour Affairs]] |accessdate=2008-08-06 }} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{de icon}} {{en icon}}</ref> In 2007, the average income of employees was €30,937.<ref name="Basisdaten 2007"/>

===Port===
The most significant economic unit for Hamburg is the [[Port of Hamburg]], which ranks 3rd only to [[Rotterdam]] and [[Antwerp]] in Europe and 9th worldwide with transshipments of {{TEU|9.8 million|first=yes}} of cargo and 134 million tons of goods in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|work=Lloyds List Daily Commercial News|last=Van Marle|first=Gavin|pages=8–9|date=2008-01-31|title=Europe Terminals stretched to limit}}</ref> After German reunification, Hamburg recovered the eastern portion of its hinterland, becoming by far the fastest-growing port in Europe.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} International trade is also the reason for the large number of consulates in the city. Although situated {{convert|68|mi|km|-1}} up the Elbe, it is considered a sea port due to its ability to handle large ocean-going vessels.<ref>M. Ramesh: [http://www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/2000/12/25/stories/092559vq.htm Making Hamburg Europe's preferred port] December 25, 2000 [http://www.hinduonnet.com Hinduonnet.com]. Retrieved August 11, 2008.</ref>
Hamburg, along with [[Seattle]] and [[Toulouse]], is an important location of the civil [[aerospace]] industry. [[Airbus]], which has an assembly plant in Finkenwerder, employs over 13,000 people.<ref>{{Citation |publisher=[[Spiegel online]] |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/0,1518,428905,00.html |title=Past Cost-Cutting and Layoffs Haunt Airbus in Germany |date=2006-07-28 |accessdate=2008-08-11}}</ref>

Heavy industry includes the making of steel, aluminium, copper and a number of shipyards such as [[Blohm + Voss]].<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.mittalsteel.com/Facilities/Europe/Hamburg/ |title= ArcelorMittal Website / Hamburg |accessdate=2011-02-26}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.trimet.de/hamburg0.html |title= Trimet Website / Hamburg |accessdate=2011-02-26}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.aurubis.com/en/corporate-group/group-structure/sites/ |title= Aurubis Website / Hamburg |accessdate=2011-02-26}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.blohmvossyachts.com/index.php?level=2&CatID=2.8&inhalt_id=8 |title= Blohm + Voss Website / Hamburg |accessdate=2011-02-26}}</ref>

===Media===
[[File:Spiegel Building Hamburg 4.jpg|thumb|[[Der Spiegel]] headquarters]]
Media businesses employ over 70,000 people.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |url=http://www.hamburg.de/medien-hamburg/nofl/8930/arbeiten-in-hamburg.html |title=Von der Faszination, in Hamburg zu arbeiten |accessdate=2008-08-06 |publisher=www.hamburg.de}} {{de icon}}</ref> The [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] which includes the television station [[NDR Fernsehen]] is based in Hamburg; as are the commercial television station ''[[Hamburg 1]]'', the Christian television station ''[[Bibel TV]]'' and the civil media outlet ''[[Tide TV]]''. There are regional radio stations such as [[Radio Hamburg]]. Some of Germany's largest publishing companies, [[Axel Springer AG]], [[Gruner + Jahr]], [[Bauer Media Group]] are located in the city. Many national newspapers and magazines such as ''[[Der Spiegel]]'' and ''[[Die Zeit]]'' are produced in Hamburg, as well as some special-interest newspapers such as ''[[Financial Times Deutschland]]''. ''[[Hamburger Abendblatt]]'' and ''[[Hamburger Morgenpost]]'' are daily regional newspapers with a large circulation. There are music publishers, such as [[Warner Bros. Records]] Germany, and [[Information and communication technologies|ICT]] firms such as [[Adobe Systems]] and [[Google]] Germany. [[Jimdo|Jimdo GmbH]], a German web hosting provider, is headquartered in Hamburg.<ref name="MinorityStake">"[http://www.alacrastore.com/storecontent/Thomson_M&A/United_Internet_AG_acquires_a_minority_stake_in_Jimdo_GmbH-1994482040 United Internet AG acquires a minority stake in Jimdo GmbH]." ''[[Thomson Reuters]]''. July 8, 2008. Retrieved on May 1, 2009.</ref> The Internet and telecommunications company [[HanseNet]], which sells DSL Internet access under the Alice brand, has its headquarters in Hamburg.

Hamburg was one of the locations for the film ''[[Tomorrow Never Dies]]'' of the [[James Bond (film series)|James Bond series]]. The ''[[Reeperbahn]]'' street has been location for many sets, including the 1994 Beatles film ''[[Backbeat (film)|Backbeat]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Backbeat filming locations |url=http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/b/backbeat.html | publisher=movielocations.com |accessdate=2008-10-01}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
===Health systems===
Hamburg has 54 hospitals. The [[University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf]], with about 1,300 beds, houses a large medical school. There are also smaller private hospitals. On December 31, 2007 there were about 12,600 hospital beds in Hamburg proper.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.hamburg.de/servlet/contentblob/123482/krankenhausplan-2010-pdf/data.pdf |format=PDF|title=Krankenhausplan 2010 der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg (Hospital plan of Hamburg) |year=2007 |month=October |accessdate=2008-08-03}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{de icon}}</ref> The city had 1,061 day-care centers for children, 3,841 physicians in private practice and 462 pharmacies in 2006.<ref name="fact 2006"/>

===Transport===
{{Main|Transport in Hamburg}}
{{wrapper}}
|[[File:CTB-CTW Port of Hamburg-Waltershof.jpg|thumb|The [[Port of Hamburg]] on the [[Elbe|river Elbe]]]]
|-
|[[File:Aknbahn003.JPG|thumb|[[Norderstedt Mitte (Hamburg U-Bahn station)|Norderstedt Mitte]] station of [[Hamburg U-Bahn]]]]
|-
|[[File:Hamburg.NorderElbbrücken.2.wmt.jpg|thumb|Neue and Freihafen-Elbbrücke]]
|}
Hamburg is a major transportation hub in Germany. Hamburg is connected to four [[Autobahn]]en (motorways) and is the most important railway junction on the route to Scandinavia.

Bridges and tunnels connect the northern and southern parts of the city, such as the [[Elbe Tunnel (1911)|old Elbe Tunnel]] (''Alter Elbtunnel'') now a major tourist sight, and the [[Elbe Tunnel (1975)|Elbe Tunnel]] (''Elbtunnel'') the crossing of a [[Bundesautobahn 7|motorway]].<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2002/09/10/67509.html |title=Elbe ohne e – Buchstaben fallen weg |date=2002-08-10 |accessdate=2008-08-11}} {{de icon}}</ref>

[[Hamburg Airport]] is the oldest airport in Germany still in operation.<ref>{{Citation |title=Handelskammer Hamburg – Hamburg Airport: Facts, figures, and the Chamber’s viewpoint |url=http://www.hk24.de/servicemarken/englische_website/location_politics/airport.jsp |author=Staff |date=2008-03-28 |publisher=Handelskammer Hamburg (Hamburg chamber of commerce) |accessdate=2008-09-25 |format= – [http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=intitle%3AHandelskammer+Hamburg+%26ndash%3B+Hamburg+Airport%3A+Facts%2C+figures%2C+and+the+Chamber%E2%80%99s+viewpoint&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&btnG=Search Scholar search] |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070609023119/http://www.hk24.de/servicemarken/englische_website/location_politics/airport.jsp |archivedate = June 9, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |author=Press release |title=The airport celebrates its 90th anniversary |url=http://www.ham.airport.de/en/pressearchiv.phtml?start=0&year=&month=&searchterm=oldest&showdetail=4 |publisher=[[Hamburg Airport]] |date=2001-01-08 |accessdate=2008-09-25}}</ref> There is also the smaller [[Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport]], used only as a company airport for [[Airbus]]. Some airlines market [[Lübeck Airport]] in [[Lübeck]] as serving Hamburg.<ref>{{Citation |title=Hamburg Lübeck Airport Guide |url=http://www.travel-library.com/airports/europe/Germany/hamburg/hamburg_lubeck_airport.html |author=Staff |publisher=www.travel-library.com |accessdate=2008-09-27 }}</ref>

Hamburg's [[Vehicle registration plates of Germany|license plate]] prefix is HH (Hansestadt Hamburg, English: Hanseatic city of Hamburg), rather than just the single-letter normally used for large cities such as B for Berlin or M for Munich. The prefix "H" is used by [[Hanover]] instead.

====Public transportation====
[[Public transport]] by rail, bus and ships is organized by a fare-collection joint venture between transportation companies. Tickets sold by one company in this ''[[Hamburger Verkehrsverbund]]'' ("Hamburg transit authority") (HVV) are valid on all other HVV companies' services. The HVV was the first organization of this kind worldwide.<ref>{{Citation |title=HVV – Mehr als ein Ziel – Historie |url=http://www.hvv.de/ueber-uns/historie/ |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Verkehrsverbund |accessdate=2008-09-25 }} {{de icon}}</ref>

;Rail
Nine mass transit rail lines across the city are the backbone of Hamburg public transportation. The [[Hamburg S-Bahn]] (heavy railway system) system comprises six lines and the [[Hamburg U-Bahn]] three lines. ''U-Bahn'' is short for ''Untergrundbahn'' (underground railway). Approximately {{convert|41|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} of {{convert|101|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} of the subway is underground; most of the tracks are on embankments, viaducts or at ground level. Older residents still speak of the system as ''Hochbahn'' (elevated railway), also because the operating company of the subway is the ''[[Hamburger Hochbahn]]''. Another heavy railway system, the [[AKN Eisenbahn|AKN railway]], connects satellite towns in Schleswig-Holstein to the city. On certain routes, regional trains of Germany's major railway company [[Deutsche Bahn|Deutsche Bahn AG]] and the regional ''[[metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft|metronom]]'' trains may be used with a HVV public transport ticket, too. Except at the three bigger stations in the center of Hamburg, such as [[Hamburg Hauptbahnhof|Hamburg central station]], [[Hamburg Dammtor station]], or [[Hamburg-Altona station]], the regional trains hardly stop inside the area of the city. The [[tram]] network was shut down in 1978.

;Bus
Gaps in the rail network are filled by more than 600 bus routes, plied by single-deck, two-, three- and four-axle diesel buses. Hamburg has no trams or trolley-buses, but has hydrogen-fueled buses operating pilot services. The buses run frequently during working hours, with some buses on some routes arriving as often as every 2 minutes. In suburban areas and on special weekday night lines the intervals can be 30 minutes or longer.

;Ferries
There are six ferry lines along the river Elbe, operated by the ''[[HADAG Seetouristik und Fährdienst|HADAG]]'' company. While mainly used by Hamburg citizens and dock workers, they can also be used for sightseeing tours.

;Aviation
The international airport at Hamburg Fuhlsbüttel, official name "[[Hamburg Airport]]" ([[International Air Transport Association|IATA]]: HAM, [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]]: EDDH) is the fifth biggest airport in Germany and the oldest airport in Germany, having been established in 1912. It is about 5 miles from the city centre. About 60 airlines provide service to 125 destination airports, including some long distance destinations like New York, Dubai, Toronto and Tehran. [[Lufthansa]] is the hub carrier, with the most flights, followed by [[Air Berlin]]. [[Lufthansa]] operates one of its biggest [[Lufthansa Technik|maintenance facilities]] at the Hamburg airport.

The second airport in Hamburg is Hamburg-Finkenwerder ([[International Air Transport Association|IATA]]: XFW, [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]]: EDHI). It is about 10 km from the city centre and is a nonpublic airport for the [[Airbus Operations GmbH|Airbus]] plant. It is the second biggest Airbus plant, after Toulouse, and the third biggest aviation manufacturing plant after Seattle and Toulouse. The Finkenwerder plant houses the final assembly lines for A318, A319, A321 and [[Airbus A380|A380]] aircraft.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}

===Utilities===
[[File:Kraftwerk HafenCity01.jpg|thumb|Fuel cell power plant in the [[HafenCity]] quarter.]]
Electricity for Hamburg and Northern Germany is provided by ''[[Vattenfall|Vattenfall Europe]]'', formerly the state-owned ''Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke''. Vattenfall Europe operates three nuclear power plants near Hamburg: [[Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant]], [[Brunsbüttel Nuclear Power Plant]] and [[Krümmel Nuclear Power Plant]].<ref>{{Citation |title=German chain reaction |url=http://www.neimagazine.com/story.asp?sectionCode=132&storyCode=2046209 |author=Nuclear Engineering International |publisher=Progressive Media Markets |date=2007-07-24 |accessdate=2008-09-25 }}</ref> All are scheduled to be taken out of service.<ref>{{Citation |title=Nuclear Power in Germany: A Chronology |author=Staff |url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2306337,00.html |date=2007-01-10 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |accessdate=1008-09-25}}</ref> There are also the coal-fired [[Wedel Power Station|Wedel]] and [[Moorburg Power Station]]s, and the fuel-cell power plant in the HafenCity quarter. ''VERA Klärschlammverbrennung'' uses the biosolids of the Hamburg wastewater treatment plant; the ''Pumpspeicherwerk Geesthacht'' is a pump storage power plant and a biomass power station is ''Müllverwertung Borsigstraße''.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}}

==Sport==
{{Main|Sport in Hamburg}}
[[File:Hamburg AOL-Areana HSV-SGE.jpg|170px|thumb|left|upright|[[Imtech Arena]]: [[Hamburger SV]] vs [[Eintracht Frankfurt]], May 2004]]
[[File:Hamburg City Man 2007.jpg|170px|thumb|''Hamburg City Man'' 2007 at the Binnenalster]]
[[File:Color Line Arena.JPG|170px|thumb|left|[[O2 World Hamburg]]]]
Hamburg is sometimes called Germany's capital of sport since no other city has more first-league teams and international sports events.

[[Hamburger SV]], one of the most successful teams in Germany, is a [[Association football|football]] team in the [[Fußball-Bundesliga|Bundesliga]]. The HSV is the oldest team of the Bundesliga, playing in the league since its beginning in 1963. HSV is a six-time German champion, a three-time German cup winner and triumphed in the European Cup in 1983, and has played in the group stages of the [[UEFA Champions League|Champions League]] twice: in 2000/2001 and in 2006/2007. They play at the [[Imtech Arena]] (average attendance in the 06/07 season was 56,100). In addition, [[FC St. Pauli]] was a [[2. Fußball-Bundesliga|second division]] football club that came in second place in the [[2009–10 Fußball-Bundesliga|2009/2010 season]] and qualified to play alongside [[Hamburger SV]] in the [[Fußball-Bundesliga|first division]] for the first time since the [[2001–02 Fußball-Bundesliga|2001-02 season]]. St. Pauli's home games take place at the [[Millerntor-Stadion]].

The [[Hamburg Freezers]] represent Hamburg in the [[Deutsche Eishockey Liga|DEL]], the premier [[ice hockey]] league in Germany. [[HSV Hamburg|HSV Handball]] represents Hamburg in the German [[Bundesliga (handball)|handball league]]. In 2007, HSV Handball won the European Cupwinners Cup. Both teams play in the [[O2 World Hamburg]].

Hamburg is the nation's [[field hockey]] capital and dominates the men's as well as the women's Bundesliga. Hamburg host's many top team's such as Uhlenhorster Hockey Club, Harvesterhuder Hockey Club and Club An Der Alster.

The [[Hamburg Warriors]] are one of Germany's top lacrosse clubs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hamburgwarriors.com/ |title=HTHC Hamburg Warriors |publisher=Hamburgwarriors.com |date= |accessdate=2010-01-25}}</ref> The club has grown immensely in the last several years and includes at least one youth team, three men's, and two women's teams. The team participates in the Deutsch Lacrosse Verein. The Hamburg Warriors are part of the Harvestehuder Tennis- und Hockey-Club e.V (HTHC).<ref>{{Citation |first=Ross |last=Forman |publisher=[http://www.outsports.com/ Outsports.com]{{Dead link|date=November 2009}} |url=http://www.outsports.com/os/index.php/2008032471/People/2008-People/Out-lacrosse-coach-lands-in-Germany.html |title=Out lacrosse coach lands in Germany |date=2008-06-10 |accessdate=2008-08-11 |format= – [http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=author%3AForman+intitle%3AOut+lacrosse+coach+lands+in+Germany&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&btnG=Search Scholar search] |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080604121143/http://www.outsports.com/os/index.php/2008032471/People/2008-People/Out-lacrosse-coach-lands-in-Germany.html |archivedate = June 4, 2008}}</ref>

There are also the [[Australian rules football in Germany#Hamburg Dockers|Hamburg Dockers]], an [[Australian rules football]] club.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2005/07/18/460404.html |title=Australian Football im Stadtpark |date=2005-07-18 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref> The FC St. Pauli team dominates women's rugby in Germany. Other first-league teams include VT Aurubis Hamburg (Volleyball), Hamburger Polo Club, and [[Hamburg Blue Devils]] (American Football).<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2008/08/11/920015.html |title=Hamburg Blue Devils vor Einzug in die Play-offs |date=2008-08-11 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref> There are also several minority sports clubs, including four [[cricket]] clubs.

[[File:Centre Court Am Rothenbaum Sliding Roof.jpg|170px|thumb|[[Am Rothenbaum]] is the main tennis stadium of the [[International German Open]]]]

The Center Court of the Tennis [[Am Rothenbaum]] venue, with a capacity of 13,200 people, is the largest in Germany.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |title=Center Court / Rothenbaum Stadion |url=http://www.dtb-tennis.de/AmRothenbaum/9695.php?selected=9115 | accessdate=2008-08-16 |publisher=[[Deutscher Tennis Bund]] }} {{de icon}}</ref>

Hamburg also hosts [[equestrianism|equestrian]] events at ''Reitstadion Klein Flottbek'' (Deutsches Derby in jumping and dressage) and ''[[Horner Rennbahn]]'' ([[Deutsches Derby]] [[flat racing]]).<ref>{{Citation |first=Jack |last=Shinar |url=http://news.bloodhorse.com/article/46018.htm |title=Kamsin Easily Wins Deutsches Derby |date=2008-07-09 |publisher=[http://news.bloodhorse.com/ news.bloodhorse.com] |accessdate=2008-08-11 }}</ref> The Hamburg Marathon is the biggest [[marathon]] in Germany after Berlin's. In 2008 23,230 participants were registered.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]] |url=http://www.iaaf.org/LRR08/news/newsid=44599.html |title=Mandago, Timofeyeva impress at Hamburg Marathon |date=2008-04-27 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }}</ref> World Cup events in cycling, the UCI ProTour competition [[Vattenfall Cyclassics]], and the [[triathlon]] [[International Triathlon Union|ITU]] World Cup event ''Hamburg City Man'' are also held in here.<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburger Abendblatt |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2006/02/02/529362.html |title=Hamburg City Man 2006 als WM-Generalprobe |date=2008-02-02 |accessdate=2008-08-11 }} {{de icon}}</ref>

The Imtech Arena (formerly the ''AOL Arena'' or HSH Nordbank Arena and originally ''Volksparkstadion'') was used as a site for the [[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 World Cup]]. In 2010 UEFA held the final of the [[UEFA Europa League]] in the arena.<ref>{{Citation |first=Ahmed |last=Bilal |url=http://soccerlens.com/2010-champions-league-final-in-madrid-2010-uefa-cup-final-in-hamburg/6864/ |title=2010 Champions League Final in Madrid, 2010 UEFA Cup final in Hamburg |date=2008-03-29| accessdate=2008-08-11 |publisher=Soccerlens.com}}</ref>

==Education==
{{See also|Education in Hamburg|Education in Germany}}
The school system is managed by the Ministry of Schools and Vocational Training (''Behörde für Schule und Berufsbildung''). The system had approximately 160,000 pupils in 245 [[primary education|primary schools]] and 195 [[secondary education|secondary schools]] in 2006.<ref>Selectable data base: {{Citation |url=http://www.statistik-nord.de/fileadmin/regional/regional.php |title=Regionalergebnisse |publisher=Statistical office Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein |accessdate=2008-06-16 }} {{de icon}}</ref> There are 33 public libraries in Hamburg proper.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.buecherhallen.de/aw/home/~cf/ueber_uns/ |title=Wir über uns (Hamburg Libraries about us) |publisher=Bücherhallen Hamburg |accessdate=2008-06-16}} {{de icon}}</ref>

Seventeen universities are located in Hamburg, with about 70,000 university students in total, including 9,000 resident aliens. Six universities are public, including the largest, the [[University of Hamburg]] with the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, the [[Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg|University of Music and Theatre]], the [[Hamburg University of Applied Sciences]] and the [[Technical University of Hamburg|Hamburg University of Technology]]. Seven universities are private, like the [[Bucerius Law School]]. The city has also smaller private colleges and universities, including many religious and special-purpose institutions, such as the [[Helmut Schmidt University]] (formerly the University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg).<ref>{{Citation |author=Staff |url=http://www.wissenschaft.hamburg.de/index.php/article/detail/1383 |title=Science Portal Hamburg |publisher=[[Government of Hamburg#Ministries|Ministry of Science and Research (''Behörde für Wissenschaft und Forschung'')]] |accessdate=2008-08-05}} {{de icon}}</ref>

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}

===Twin towns—Sister cities===
Hamburg has nine [[twin towns and sister cities]] around the world. [[Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]] became the newest sister city in 2010.{{de icon}}<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.hamburg.de/partnerstaedte/ |title=Hamburg und seine Städtepartnerschaften (Hamburg sister cities) |author=Staff |publisher=Hamburg's official website |accessdate=2011-02-11|language=German}}</ref>
{| cellpadding="10"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|
* {{Flag icon|Colombia}} [[Magangue]], [[Colombia]], since 1925
* {{Flag icon|Russia}} [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]], [[Russia]], (then [[Soviet Union]]), since 1957
* {{Flag icon|France}} [[Marseille]], [[France]], since 1958
* {{Flag icon|China}} [[Shanghai]], [[People's Republic of China]], since 1986
* {{Flag icon|Germany}} [[Dresden]], [[Germany]] (then [[East Germany]]), since 1987<ref name="Dresden">{{cite web|url=http://www.dresden.de/en/02/11/c_03.php|title=''Dresden - Partner Cities''|publisher=[[copyright|©]] 2008 Landeshauptstadt Dresden|accessdate=2008-12-29 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071023054628/http://www.dresden.de/en/02/11/c_03.php |archivedate = October 23, 2007}}</ref>
* {{Flag icon|Nicaragua}} [[León, Nicaragua|León]], [[Nicaragua]], since 1989
||
* {{Flag icon|Japan}} [[Osaka]], [[Japan]], since 1989
* {{Flag icon|Czech Republic}} [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]], since 1990
* {{Flag icon|USA}} [[Chicago]], [[United States]], since 1994
* {{Flag icon|Tanzania}} [[Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]], since 2010
|}

==People from Hamburg==
{{See also|Category:People from Hamburg}}
{{Quotation|In Hamburg it's hard to find a native Hamburger. A hurried and superficial search turns up only crayfish, people from Pinneberg, and those from Bergedorf. One accompanies the contented little kippers of a striving society; mackerels from Stade, sole from Finkenwerder, herrings from Cuxhaven swim in expectant throngs through the streets of my city and lobsters patrol the stock exchange with open claws. ... The first so-called unguarded glance always lands on the bottom of the sea and falls into twilight of the aquarium. [[Heinrich Heine]] must have had the same experience when he tried, with his cultivated scorn and gifted melancholy, to find the people of Hamburg.|[[Siegfried Lenz]]||in ''Leute von Hamburg'' (People from Hamburg) ISBN 978-3-423-11538-4.<ref>{{Citation |first=Jennifer |last=Jenkins |title=Provincial modernity: local culture and liberal politics in fin-de-siècle Hamburg |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=2003 |isbn=0801440254}}</ref>}}

==Literature==
{{Portal|Hamburg}}
* ''Hamburg guide for residents and visitors.'' Hamburg Führer Verlag GmbH, Hamburg, published 12 times p. a.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.hamburg-guide.de |title=Website for Hamburg guide |accessdate=2009-03-16 |publisher=Hamburg Führer Verlag GmbH}}</ref>

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Sister project links}}
* {{Official website|1=http://international.hamburg.de/?ba=english}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Germany/States/Hamburg/}}
* {{Wikitravel|Hamburg}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Hamburg (city)}}
* [http://www.schiffswiki.de/index.php?id=180 Hamburg-Wedel-Elbe-Web-Cams ]
* [http://www.elbwetter.de/ Hamburg-Cruise-Center + Elbphilharmonie Hamburg- Elbe-Harbour-Web-Cams ]

{{Geographic location
|Center = Hamburg
|North = [[Kiel]]
|Northeast = [[Lübeck]]
|East = [[Schwerin]]
|Southeast = [[Lüneburg]], [[Berlin]]
|South = [[Hanover]]
|Southwest = [[Bremen]]
|West = [[Bremerhaven]]
|Northwest = [[Cuxhaven]]
}}

{{Template group
|list =
{{Hamburg}}
{{Boroughs of Hamburg}}
{{States of the Federal Republic of Germany}}
{{Capitals of the states of the Federal Republic of Germany}}
{{Cities in Germany}}
{{Hamburg rail}}
}}
{{Template group
|title= Hamburg in history
|list=
{{Hanseatic League}}
{{Free Imperial Cities}}
{{Lower Saxon Circle}}
{{States of the German Confederation}}
{{States of the North German Confederation}}
{{States of the German Empire}}
{{States of the Weimar Republic}}
{{Nazi Gaue}}
{{WWII city bombing}}
}}

[[Category:Hamburg| ]]
[[Category:City-states]]
[[Category:German state capitals]]
[[Category:Imperial free cities]]
[[Category:NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in Germany]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the North Sea]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 9th century]]
[[Category:States of Germany]]
[[Category:States of the German Confederation]]
[[Category:States of the German Empire]]
[[Category:States of the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:States of the North German Confederation]]
[[Category:States of the Weimar Republic]]
[[Category:Turkish communities in Germany]]
[[Category:Members of the Hanseatic League]]

{{Link GA|de}}
{{Link FA|af}}
{{Link FA|hu}}

[[af:Hamburg]]
[[als:Hamburg]]
[[ang:Hamburg]]
[[ar:همبورغ]]
[[an:Hamburgo]]
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[[dsb:Hamburg]]
[[et:Hamburg]]
[[el:Αμβούργο]]
[[es:Hamburgo]]
[[eo:Hamburgo]]
[[ext:Amburgu]]
[[eu:Hanburgo]]
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[[fr:Hambourg]]
[[fy:Hamboarch]]
[[fur:Amburc]]
[[ga:Hamburg]]
[[gd:Hamburg]]
[[gl:Hamburgo - Hamburg]]
[[ko:함부르크]]
[[hy:Համբուրգ]]
[[hsb:Hamburg]]
[[hr:Hamburg]]
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[[jv:Hamburg]]
[[kn:ಹ್ಯಾಂಬರ್ಗ್]]
[[pam:Hamburg]]
[[ka:ჰამბურგი]]
[[csb:Hambùrg]]
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[[zh:汉堡]]

Celts

2011-07-05T15:05:07Z

Boxplot: /* Society */

{{Redirect|Celt}}
{{About|the ancient peoples of Europe|Celts of the present day|Modern Celts}}

[[Image:Celts in Europe.png|300px|thumb|right|Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples: 
{{legend|#ffff43|core [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] territory, by the 6th century BC}}
{{legend|#97ffb6|maximal Celtic expansion, by 275 BC}}
{{legend|#b7ffc6|[[Lusitania]]n area of Iberia where Celtic presence is uncertain}}
{{legend|#27c600|the "six [[Celtic nations]]" which retained significant numbers of Celtic speakers into the [[Early modern period|Early Modern period]]}}
{{legend|#1a8000|areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today}}
]]
{{Indo-European topics}}
The '''Celts''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|k|ɛ|l|t|s}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɛ|l|t|s}}, see [[Pronunciation of Celtic|pronunciation of ''Celtic'']]) were a diverse group of [[tribal societies]] in [[Iron Age]] and [[Roman era|Roman-era]] [[Europe]] who spoke [[Celtic languages]]. Linguistically they survive in the modern Celtic speakers of [[Ireland]], [[Scotland]], the [[Isle of Man]], [[Wales]], [[Cornwall]] and [[Brittany]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Koch | first = John | authorlink = | coauthors = |title = Celtic Culture : A Historical Encyclopedia | publisher = ABL-CIO | year = 2005 | location =| pages = xx | url = http://books.google.com/?id=f899xH_quaMC&printsec=frontcover&q=peoples%20and%20countries | doi = | id = | isbn = 978-1851094400 | accessdate = June 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia Brittania Celts (people)|year=2011|publisher=Encyclopedia Brittania|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/101704/Celt}}</ref>

The earliest archaeological culture commonly accepted as Celtic, or rather [[Proto-Celtic]], was the [[central Europe]]an [[Hallstatt culture]] (c. 800-450 BC), named for the rich grave finds in [[Hallstatt]], Austria.<ref>Cunliffe, Barry. ''The Ancient Celts'', pp. 39-67. Penguin Books, 1997.</ref> By the later [[La Tène culture|La Tène]] period (c. 450 BC up to the Roman conquest), this Celtic culture had expanded over a wide range of regions, whether by [[Trans-cultural diffusion|diffusion]] or [[human migration|migration]]: to the [[British Isles]] ([[Insular Celts]]), [[France]] and [[The Low Countries]] ([[Gauls]]), much of [[Central Europe]], the [[Iberian Peninsula]] ([[Celtiberians]], [[Celtici]] and [[Gallaeci]]) and [[northern Italy]] ([[Golasecca culture|Golaseccans]] and [[Cisalpine Gaul|Cisalpine Gauls]])<ref name=koch2010_core>{{cite book|last=Koch|first=John T|title=Celtic from the West Chapter 9: Paradigm Shift? Interpreting Tartessian as Celtic - see map 9.3 The Ancient Celtic Languages c. 440/430 BC - see third map in PDF at URL provided which is essentially the same map|year=2010|url=http://www.wales.ac.uk/Resources/Documents/Research/ODonnell.pdf|publisher=Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK|isbn=978-1-84217-410-4|pages=193}}</ref> and following the [[Gallic invasion of the Balkans]] in 279 BC as far east as central [[Anatolia]] ([[Galatia]]ns).<ref name=koch2010_expansion>{{cite book|last=Koch|first=John T|title=Celtic from the West Chapter 9: Paradigm Shift? Interpreting Tartessian as Celtic - see map 9.2 Celtic expansion from Hallstatt/La Tene central Europe - see second map in PDF at URL provided which is essentially the same map|year=2010|url=http://www.wales.ac.uk/Resources/Documents/Research/ODonnell.pdf|publisher=Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK|isbn=978-1-84217-410-4|pages=190}}</ref>

The earliest directly attested examples of a Celtic language are the [[Lepontic language|Lepontic]] inscriptions, beginning from the 6th century BC.<ref name=Stifter>{{cite book|last=Stifter|first=David|title=Old Celtic Languages|year=2008|pages=24–37|url=http://www.univie.ac.at/indogermanistik/download/Stifter/oldcelt2008_2_lepontic.pdf}}</ref> [[Continental Celtic languages]] are attested only in inscriptions and place-names. [[Insular Celtic]] is attested from about the 4th century AD in [[ogham inscription]]s, although it is clearly much earlier. Literary tradition begins with [[Old Irish]] from about the 8th century. Coherent texts of [[Early Irish literature]], such as the ''[[Táin Bó Cúailnge]]'' (''The Cattle Raid of Cooley''), survive in 12th-century recensions. According to the theory of [[John T. Koch]] and others, the [[Tartessian language]] may have been the earliest directly attested Celtic language with the Tartessian written script used in the inscriptions based on a version of a [[Phoenician alphabet|Phoenician]] script in use around 825 BC.<ref name=Koch2009>{{cite book | last = Koch | first = John | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Tartessian: Celtic from the Southwest at the Dawn of History in Acta Palaeohispanica X Palaeohispanica 9 (2009)| publisher = Palaeohispanica | year = 2009 | location = | pages = 339–351 | url = http://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/29/54/26koch.pdf | doi = | id = | issn = 1578-5386 | accessdate = 2010-05-17 }}</ref>

By mid 1st millennium AD, following the expansion of the [[Roman Empire]] and the [[Migration Period|Great Migration]]s ([[Migration Period]]) of [[Germanic peoples]], Celtic culture and [[Insular Celtic]] had become restricted to [[Ireland]] and to the western and northern parts of [[Great Britain]] ([[Wales]], [[Scotland]], [[Cornwall]] and the [[Isle of Man]]) and northern [[France]] ([[Brittany]]). Between the fifth and eighth centuries AD the Celtic-speaking communities of the Atlantic regions had emerged as a reasonably cohesive cultural entity. In language, religion, and art they shared a common heritage that distinguished them from the culture of surrounding polities.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=The Celts - A Very Short Introduction|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-280418-9|pages=109}}</ref> The [[Continental Celtic languages]] ceased to be widely used by the 6th century.

Insular Celtic culture diversified into that of the [[Gaels]] ([[Irish people|Irish]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] and [[Manx people|Manx]]), the [[Britons (historical)|Brythonic]] Celts ([[Welsh people|Welsh]], [[Cornish people|Cornish]], and [[Bretons]]) of the medieval and modern periods. A modern "[[Celtic identity]]" was constructed in the context of the Romanticist [[Celtic Revival]] in Great Britain, Ireland, and other European territories, such as [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=McKevitt|first=Kerry Ann|title=Mythologizing Identity and History: A Look at the Celtic Past of Galicia|journal=e-Keltoi|year=2006|month=1|volume=6|pages=651–673|url=http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_13/mckevitt_6_13.pdf|accessdate=8 April 2011}}</ref> In France, a revival of [[Breton language|Breton]] is taking place in [[Brittany]].

==Names and terminology==
{{Main|Names of the Celts}}
[[Image:Galician Celtic Stele - Estela Galaica .jpg‎|thumb|right|200px|'''Galician Celtic Stele''': Apana · Ambo/lli · f(ilia) · Celtica /[[Celtici Supertamarici|Supertam(arica)]] · / [j] Miobri · /an(norum) · XXV · h(ic) · s(ita) · e(st) · /Apanus · fr(ater) · f(aciendum)· c(uravit)]]
The first recorded use of the word ''Celts'' ({{lang|grc|Κελτοί}}) to refer to an ethnic group was by [[Hecataeus of Miletus]], the Greek geographer, in 517 BC,<ref>Sarunas Milisauskas, {{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=31LFIITb3LUC&pg=PA363&dq=Hecataeus+of+Miletus+celt&q=Hecataeus%20of%20Miletus%20celt |title=''European prehistory: a survey'', page 363 |publisher=Springer, 2002
ISBN 0306472570 |accessdate=2010-06-07 |isbn=9780306472572 |year=2002 }}</ref> when writing about a people living near "Massilia" ([[Marseille]]).<ref>H. D. Rankin, {{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=fdqk4vXqntgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22celts%22&q |title=''Celts and the classical world'', pp 1-2 |publisher=Routledge, 1998
ISBN 0415150906|accessdate=2010-06-07 |isbn=9780415150903 |year=1998 }}</ref> The Latin name "Celtus" (pl. "Celti" or "Celtae") seems to have been borrowed from Greek ({{lang|grc|Κέλτης}} pl. {{lang|grc|Κέλται}} or {{lang|grc|Κελτός}} pl. {{lang|grc|Κελτοί}}), according to testimony of Caesar itself taken from a native Celtic tribal name.<ref>[[Julius Caesar]], ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico]]'' [[s:Commentaries on the Gallic War/Book 1#1|1.1]]: "All Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae live, another in which the Aquitani live, and the third are those who in their own tongue are called Celts ("Celtae"), in our language Gauls ("Galli").</ref> Pliny the Elder referred it as being used in [[Lusitania]] as a tribal surname<ref>[[Pliny the Elder]], ''[[The Natural History]]'' [[s:Lusitania/Book 4#35|21]]:the Mirobrigenses, surnamed Celtici (Mirobrigenses qui Celtici cognominantur)</ref> which epigraphic findings confirm.<ref>{{cite book |url=revistas.ucm.es/est/11326875/articulos/HIEP0101110006A.PDF |title=|publisher=|accessdate=2010-06-28 }}</ref><ref>Fernando DE ALMEIDA, ''Breve noticia sobre o santuário campestre
romano de Miróbriga dos Celticos (Portugal)'' :D(IS) M(ANIBUS) S(ACRUM) / C(AIUS) PORCIUS SEVE/RUS MIROBRIGEN(SIS) / CELT(ICUS) ANN(ORUM) LX / H(IC) S(ITUS) E(ST) S(IT) T(IBI) T(ERRA) L(EVIS)</ref>

Latin "Gallus" might originally be from a Celtic ethnic or [[tribal name]], perhaps borrowed into Latin during the Celtic expansions into Italy of the early 5th century BC. Its root may be the [[Proto-Celtic|Common Celtic]] "*galno", meaning power or strength. ''Galli'', ''[[Gallaeci]]'' and ''Galatae'' most probably go with Old Irish ''gal'' 'boldness, ferocity' and Welsh ''gallu'' 'to be able, power'.<ref>{{cite book|last=Koch|first=John Thomas|title=Celtic culture: a historical encyclopedia|year=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=1-85109-440-7|pages=794–795}}</ref> The Greek "Galatai" seems to be based on the same root, borrowed directly from the same hypothetical Celtic source which gave us "Galli" (the suffix "-atai" is an Ancient Greek inflection).<ref>{{cite book|last=Spencer and Zwicky|first=Andrew and Arnold M|title=The handbook of morphology|year=1998|publisher=Blackwell Publishers|isbn=0-631-18544-5|page=148}}</ref> ''(see [[Galatia]] in Anatolia)''

The English word "Celt" is modern, attested from 1707 in the writings of [[Edward Lhuyd]] whose work, along with that of other late 17th-century scholars, brought academic attention to the languages and history of these early inhabitants of Great Britain.<ref>(Lhuyd, p. 290) Lhuyd, E. ''Archaeologia Britannica; An account of the languages, histories, and customs of the original inhabitants of Great Britain.'' (reprint ed.) Irish University Press, 1971. ISBN 0-7165-0031-0</ref> The English form "Gaul" (first recorded in the 17th century) and "Gaulish" come from the French "Gaule" and "Gaulois", which translate Latin "Gallia" and "Gallus, -icus" respectively. In Old French, the words "gualeis", "galois", "walois" (NF phonetics keeping /w/) had different meanings : Welsh or the ''[[Langue d'oïl]]'', etc. On the other hand, the word "Waulle" (NF phonetics keeping /w/) is recorded for the first time in the 13th century to translate the Latin word ''Gallia'', while "gaulois" is recorded for the first time in the 15th century, and the scholars use it to translate the Latin words ''Gallus'' / ''Gallicus''. The word comes from Proto-Germanic *''Walha-''(see [[Gaul#Name|Gaul: Name]]). The English word "Welsh" originates from the word ''wælisċ'', the [[Old English language|Anglo-Saxon]] form of *''[[walha|walhiska-]]'', the reconstructed Proto-Germanic word for "foreign"<ref>{{cite book
|author=Neilson, William A. (ed.)
|title= Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, second edition
|publisher= G & C Merriam Co.
|year= 1957|
page= 2903
}}</ref> or "Celt" (South German [[:de:Welsche|Welsch(e)]] "Celtic speaker", "French speaker", "Italian speaker"; Old Norse "valskr", pl. "valir" "Gaulish", "French"), that is supposed to be derived of the Celtic tribe's name "[[Volcae]]",<ref>{{cite book|last=Koch|first=John Thomas|title=Celtic culture: a historical encyclopedia|year=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=1-85109-440-7|page=532}}</ref> that lived first in the South of Germany and emigrated then to Gaul.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mountain|first=Harry|title=The Celtic Encyclopedia, Volume 1|year=1998|publisher=[[uPublish.com]]|isbn=1-58112-889-4|page=252}}</ref>

The notion of an identifiable Celtic [[culture|cultural]] identity or "Celticity", though problematic, generally centres on language, art and classical texts,<ref>Paul Graves-Brown, Siân Jones, Clive Gamble, {{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=9BsG0pXp61sC&pg=PA242&dq=%22Celticity%22&q=%22Celticity%22 |title=''Cultural identity and archaeology: the construction of European communities'', pp 242-244 |publisher=Routledge, 1996
ISBN 0415106761 |accessdate=2010-06-07 |isbn=9780415106764 |year=1996 }}</ref> though can also include, material artifacts, [[social organisation]], [[homeland]] and [[Celtic mythology|mythological]].<ref>Carl McColman, {{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=71oefF7-73MC&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=%22Celticity%22&q=%22Celticity%22 |title=''The Complete Idiot's Guide to Celtic Wisdom'', pp 31-34 |publisher=Alpha Books, 2003, ISBN 0028644174 |accessdate=2010-06-07 |isbn=9780028644172 |date=2003-05-06 }}</ref> Earlier theories were that this indicated a common racial origin but more recent theories are reflective of culture and language rather than race. Celtic cultures seem to have had numerous diverse characteristics but the commonality between these diverse peoples was the use of a Celtic language.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}.

"Celtic" is a descriptor of a [[Language family|family of languages]] and, more generally, means "of the Celts", or "in the style of the Celts". It has also been used to refer to several archaeological cultures defined by unique sets of artifacts. The link between language and artifact is aided by the presence of inscriptions.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kruta et al|first=Venceslas et al|title=The Celts|year=1991|publisher=Thames and Hudson|pages=95–102}}</ref> ''(see [[Celtic (disambiguation)]] for other applications of the term)''

Today, the term Celtic is generally used to describe the languages and respective cultures of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, [[Cornwall]], the [[Isle of Man]] and [[Brittany]], also known as the [[Celtic nations|Six Celtic Nations]]. These are the regions where four Celtic languages are still spoken to some extent as mother tongues: [[Irish language|Irish Gaelic]], [[Scottish Gaelic language|Scottish Gaelic]], [[Welsh language|Welsh]], and [[Breton language|Breton]] plus two recent revivals, [[Cornish language|Cornish]] (one of the [[Brythonic languages]]) and [[Manx language|Manx]] (one of the [[Goidelic languages]]). There are also attempts to reconstruct the [[Cumbric language]] (a Brythonic language from [[North West England|Northwest England]] and Southwest Scotland). 'Celtic' is also sometimes used to describe regions of [[Continental Europe]] that claim a Celtic heritage, but where no Celtic language has survived; these areas include the western [[Iberian Peninsula]], i.e. Portugal, and north-central Spain ([[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], [[Asturias]], [[Cantabria]], [[Castile and León]], [[Extremadura]]).<ref>{{cite book|last=Monaghan|first=Patricia|title=The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore|year=2008|publisher=Facts on File Inc.|isbn=9780816075560}}</ref> ''(see [[Modern Celts]])''

"Continental Celts" refers to the Celtic-speaking people of mainland Europe. "Insular Celts" refers to the different Celtic-speaking peoples of the British and Irish islands and to their descendants. The Celts of Brittany derive their language from migrating insular Celts mainly from Wales and [[Cornwall]] and so are grouped accordingly.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chadwick|first=Nora|title=The Celts with an introductory chapter by J.X.W.P.Corcoran|year=1970.|publisher=Penguin Books|page=81}}</ref>

==Origins==

{{main|Pre-Celtic}}

[[Image:Hallstatt LaTene.png|thumb|300px|Overview of the [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] and [[La Tène culture|La Tène]] cultures.
{{legend|#f6bc0a|The core Hallstatt territory (HaC, 800 BC) is shown in solid yellow, }}
{{legend|#d5c089|the eventual area of Hallstatt influence (by 500 BC, HaD) in light yellow.}}
{{legend|#80da34|The core territory of the La Tène culture (450 BC) is shown in solid green, }}
{{legend|#9bce9b|the eventual area of La Tène influence (by 250 BC) in light green. }}
The territories of some major [[List of Celtic tribes|Celtic tribes]] of the late La Tène period are labelled.]]

The [[Celtic languages]] form a branch of the larger [[Indo-European family]]. By the time speakers of Celtic languages enter history around 400 BC, they were already split into several language groups, and spread over much of Western continental Europe, the [[Iberian Peninsula]], Ireland and Britain.

Some scholars think that the [[Urnfield|Urnfield culture]] of Western [[Middle Europe]] represents an origin for the Celts as a distinct cultural branch of the Indo-European family. This culture was preeminent in central Europe during the late [[Bronze Age]], from [[circa|ca.]] 1200 BC until 700 BC, itself following the [[Unetice culture|Unetice]] and [[Tumulus cultures]]. The Urnfield period saw a dramatic increase in population in the region, probably due to innovations in technology and [[Agriculture|agricultural practices]]. The Greek historian [[Ephorus|Ephoros]] of Cyme in [[Asia Minor]], writing in the 4th century BC, believed that the Celts came from the islands off the mouth of the [[Rhine]] and were "driven from their homes by the frequency of wars and the violent rising of the sea".

The spread of [[Iron Age|iron-working]] led to the development of the [[Hallstatt culture]] directly from the Urnfield ([[circa|ca.]] 700 to 500 BC). [[Proto-Celtic]], the latest [[Common descent|common ancestor]] of all known Celtic languages, is considered by this school of thought to have been spoken at the time of the late Urnfield or early Hallstatt cultures, in the early 1st millennium BC. The spread of the Celtic languages to Iberia, Ireland and Britain would have occurred during the first half of the 1st millennium BC, the earliest [[chariot burial]]s in Britain dating to c. 500 BC. Over the centuries they developed into the separate [[Celtiberian language|Celtiberian]], Goidelic and [[Brythonic languages]].

The Hallstatt culture was succeeded by the [[La Tène]] culture of central Europe, and during the final stages of the [[Iron Age]] gradually transformed into the explicitly Celtic culture of early historical times. Celtic river-names are found in great numbers around the upper reaches of [[Danube|the Danube]] and Rhine, which led many Celtic scholars to place the [[ethnogenesis]] of the Celts in this area.

[[Diodorus Siculus]] and [[Strabo]] both suggest that the Celtic heartland was in [[southern France]]. The former says that the Gauls were to the north of the Celts but that the Romans referred to both as Gauls. Before the discoveries at Hallstatt and La Tene, it was generally considered that the Celtic heartland was southern France, see [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] for 1813.

===Linguistic evidence===
{{Main|Proto-Celtic language}}
{{See|Celtic toponymy}}
The [[Proto-Celtic language]] is usually dated to the early [[European Iron Age]]. The earliest records of a Celtic language are the [[Lepontic]] inscriptions of [[Cisalpine Gaul]], the oldest of which still predate the [[La Tène period]]. Other early inscriptions are [[Gaulish]], appearing from the early La Tène period in inscriptions in the area of [[Massilia]], in the [[Greek alphabet]]. [[Celtiberian language|Celtiberian]] inscriptions appear comparatively late, after about 200 BC. Evidence of [[Insular Celtic]] is available only from about 400 AD, in the form of [[Primitive Irish]] [[Ogham inscriptions]].
Besides epigraphical evidence, an important source of information on early Celtic is [[toponymy]].<ref>e.g. Patrick Sims-Williams, ''Ancient Celtic Placenames in Europe and Asia Minor'', Publications of the [[Philological Society]], No. 39 (2006);
Bethany Fox, ''[http://www.alarichall.org.uk/placenames/fox.htm The P-Celtic Place-Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland]''
See also [[List of Celtic place names in Portugal]].
</ref>

===Archaeological evidence===
{{See|Iron Age Europe}}
[[Image:Hallstatt culture.png|thumb|300px|left|Map of the Hallstatt Culture]]
Before the 19th century, scholars assumed that the original land of the Celts was west of the Rhine, more precisely in Gaul, because it was where Greek and Roman ancient sources, namely Cesar, located the Celts. This view was challenged by Jubainville who placed the land of origin of the Celts east of the Rhine. Jubainville based his arguments on a phrase of Herodotus´ that placed the Celts at the source of the Danube, and argued that Herodotus had meant to place the Celtic homeland in southern Germany.
The finding of the prehistoric cemetery of Hallstat in 1846 by Johan Ramsauer and almost ten years later the finding of the archaeological site of La Tène by Hansli Kopp in 1857 draw attention to this area.
The concept that the Hallstatt and La Tene cultures could be seen not just as chronological periods but as “Culture Groups”, entities composed of people of the same ethnicity and language, started to grow by the end of the 19th century. In the beginning of the 20th century the belief that those “Culture Groups” could be thought in racial or ethnic terms was strongly held by [[Gordon Childe]] whose theory was influenced by the writings of [[Gustaf Kossinna]].<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=EZ7Gj2ocIEsC&pg=PA346&dq=%22Gordon+Childe%22+la+tene&hl=en&ei=FJlPTI7SHNiJ4gbyjYTWBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFEQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=pg346 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref> Along the 20th century the racial ethnic interpretation of La Tene culture rooted much stronger, and any findings of “La Tene culture” and “flat inhumation cemeteries” were directly associated with the celts and the celtic language.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bQMxOC66jvsC&pg=PA48&dq=The+view+that+Hallstat+and+La+Tene+could+be+viewed+not+merely+as+chronological+periods++but+also+as+%E2%80%9CCulture+Groups%E2%80%9D+had+been+developing+during+the+late+19+century+and+in+1911+the+idea+that+such+groups+could+be+interpreted+in+racial+terms+was+firmly+advocated&hl=en&ei=OnJXTKa3HcbKjAfC-NW3Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=pg 48 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref>
The Iron Age [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] (c. 800-475 BC) and [[La Tène culture|La Tène]] (c. 500-50 BC) cultures are typically associated with Proto-Celtic and Celtic culture.<ref>F. Fleming, ''Heroes of the Dawn: Celtic Myth'', 1996. p. 9 & 134.</ref>

In various{{Clarify|date=July 2010}} [[List of academic disciplines|academic disciplines]] the Celts were considered a Central European Iron Age phenomenon, through the cultures of Hallstatt and La Tène. However, archaeological finds from the Halstatt and La Tène culture were rare in the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern France, northern and western Britain, southern Ireland and Galatia<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jEJyWT1gwg0C&pg=PA5&dq=no+la+tene+in+western+france&hl=en&ei=nR9QTO-LOs-VsQbfj-CsAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBw#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=pg5 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=f899xH_quaMC&pg=PA386&dq=no+la+tene+in+south+ireland&hl=en&ei=O81QTJ3kLc6M4gaDi4mEBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CFMQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=no%20la%20tene%20in%20south%20ireland&f=false |title=pg 386 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref> and did not provide enough evidence for a cultural scenario comparable to that of Central Europe. It is considered equally difficult to maintain that the origin of the Peninsular Celts can be linked to the preceding Urnfield culture, leading to a more recent approach that introduces a 'proto-Celtic' substratum and a process of Celticisation having its initial roots in the Bronze Age [[Beaker culture|Bell Beaker culture]].<ref name=Lorrio>[http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_4/lorrio_zapatero_6_4.html] The Celts in Iberia: An Overview - Alberto J. Lorrio (Universidad de Alicante) & Gonzalo Ruiz Zapatero ([[Complutense University of Madrid|Universidad Complutense de Madrid]]) - Journal of Interdisciplinary [[Celtic studies|Celtic Studies]], Volume 6: 167-254 The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula, February 1, 2005</ref>

The La Tène culture developed and flourished during the late Iron Age (from 450 BC to the Roman conquest in the 1st century BC) in eastern France, Switzerland, Austria, southwest Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. It developed out of the Hallstatt culture without any definite cultural break, under the impetus of considerable Mediterranean influence from [[Ancient Greece|Greek]], and later [[Etruscan civilisation]]s. A shift of settlement centres took place in the 4th century.

The western La Tène culture corresponds to historical [[Gaul|Celtic Gaul]]. Whether this means that the whole of La Tène culture can be attributed to a unified Celtic people is difficult to assess; archaeologists have repeatedly concluded that language, material culture, and [[Political party|political affiliation]] do not necessarily run parallel. Frey notes that in the 5th century, "burial customs in the Celtic world were not uniform; rather, localised groups had their own beliefs, which, in consequence, also gave rise to distinct artistic expressions".<ref>*[http://web.archive.org/web/20071203185235/http://www.ria.ie/publications/journals/journaldb/index.asp?select=fulltext&id=100427. Otto Hermann Frey, "A new approach to early Celtic art"]. Setting the Glauberg finds in context of shifting iconography, [[Royal Irish Academy]] (2004)</ref> Thus, while the La Tène culture is certainly associated with the [[Gauls]], the presence of La Tène artefacts may be due to cultural contact and does not imply the permanent presence of Celtic speakers.

===Historical evidence===
[[Polybius]] published a [[history of Rome]] about 150 BC in which he describes the Gauls of Italy and their conflict with Rome. [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] in the 2nd century BC says that the Gauls "originally called Celts", "live on the remotest region of Europe on the coast of an enormous tidal sea". [[Posidonius]] described the southern Gauls about 100 BC. Though his original work is lost it was used by later writers such as [[Strabo]]. The latter, writing in the early 1st century AD, deals with Britain and Gaul as well as Hispania, Italy and Galatia. [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] wrote extensively about his [[Commentarii de Bello Gallico|Gallic Wars]] in 58-51 BC. [[Diodorus Siculus]] wrote about the Celts of Gaul and Britain in his 1st-century history.

===Minority views===
{{undue|date=November 2010}}
[[Martín Almagro Gorbea]]<ref>2001 p 95. La lengua de los Celtas y otros pueblos indoeuropeos de la península ibérica. In Almagro-Gorbea, M., Mariné, M. and Álvarez-Sanchís, J.R. (eds) Celtas y Vettones, pp. 115-121. Ávila: Diputación Provincial de Ávila.</ref> proposed the origins of the Celts could be traced back to the 3rd millennium BC, seeking the initial roots in the [[Beaker culture|Bell Beaker culture]], thus offering the wide dispersion of the Celts throughout [[western Europe]], as well as the variability of the different Celtic peoples, and the existence of ancestral traditions an ancient perspective. More recently, John Koch<ref name="Koch2009"/> and [[Barry Cunliffe]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=A Race Apart: Insularity and Connectivity in Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75, 2009, pp. 55–64|year=2008| publisher=The Prehistoric Society|page=61}}</ref> have suggested that Celtic origins lie with the [[Atlantic Bronze Age]], roughly contemporaneous with the Hallstatt culture but positioned considerably to the West, extending along the Atlantic coast of Europe.

[[Stephen Oppenheimer]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Oppenheimer|first=Stephen|title=The Origins of the British, pp. 21–56|year=2007|publisher=Robinson}}</ref> points out that Herodotus seemed to believe the Danube rose near the [[Pyrenees]].

==Distribution==
===Continental Celts===
====Gaul====
[[Image:Map Gallia Tribes Towns.png|thumb|200px|<center>Repartition of Gaul ca. 54 BC]]
{{Main|Gauls}}
At the dawn of history in Europe, the Celts then living in what is now France were known as Gauls to the Romans. The territory of these peoples probably included [[Low Countries|the low countries]], the Alps and what is now northern Italy. Their descendants were described by Julius Caesar in his ''[[Gallic Wars]]''. Eastern Gaul was the centre of the western La Tène culture. In later Iron Age Gaul, the social organisation was similar to that of the Romans, with large towns. From the 3rd century BC the Gauls adopted coinage, and texts with Greek characters are known in southern Gaul from the 2nd century.

Greek traders founded Massalia in about 600 BC, with exchange up the [[Rhône River|Rhone valley]], but trade was disrupted soon after 500 BC and re-oriented over the Alps to the Po valley in Italy. [[Roman Empire|The Romans]] arrived in the Rhone valley in the 2nd century BC and encountered a Gaul that was mostly Celtic-speaking. Rome needed land communications with its Iberian provinces and fought a major battle with the Saluvii at Entremont in 124-123 BC. Gradually Roman control extended, and the [[Roman province|Roman Province]] of [[Gallia Narbonensis|Gallia Transalpina]] was formed along the Mediterranean coast. The remainder was known as Gallia Comata - "Hairy Gaul".

In 58 BC, the Helvetii planned to migrate westward but were forced back by Julius Caesar. He then became involved in fighting the various tribes in Gaul, and by 55 BC, most of Gaul had been overrun. In 52 BC, [[Vercingetorix]] led a revolt against the Roman occupation but was defeated at the siege of Alesia and surrendered.

Following the Gallic Wars of 58-51 BC, Caesar's ''Celtica'' formed the main part of Roman Gaul. This territory of the Celtic tribes was bounded on the south by the Garonne and on the north by the Seine and the Marne.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=The Celts|year=2003|publisher=Oxford Press|isbn=0-19-280418-9|page=75}}</ref> Place and personal name analysis and inscriptions suggest that the Gaulish Celtic language was spoken over most of what is now France.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=The Celts|year=2003|publisher=Oxford Press|isbn=0-19-280418-9|page=52}}</ref>

====Iberia====
[[File:Iberia 300BC.svg|thumb|left|200px|Main language areas in [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]], showing Celtic languages in [[beige]], circa 300 BC.]]
[[File:Torque de Santa Tegra 1.JPG|thumb|200px|Triskelion and spirals on a Galician torc terminal (Museu do castro de Santa Tegra).]]
{{Main|Celtiberians|Gallaeci}}
{{See also|Castro culture|Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula|Prehistoric Iberia|Hispania|Lusitania|Gallaecia|Celtici}}
Until the end of the 19th century, traditional scholarship dealing with the Celts did acknowledge their presence in the Iberian Peninsula<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=K_fmF-Rpt0QC&pg=PA50&dq=celts+portuguese |title=Chambers's information for the people pg50 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rTEEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA505&dq=portuguese+celts&lr=&as_brr=3 |title=Brownson's Quarterly Review pg505 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref> as a [[Archaeological culture|material culture]] relatable to the [[Hallstatt]] and [[La Tène]] cultures. However, since according to the definition of the [[Iron Age]] in the 19th century Celtic populations were supposedly rare in Iberia and did not provide a cultural scenario that could easily be linked to that of Central Europe, the presence of celtic culture in that region was generally not fully recognised. Three divisions of the Celts of the Iberian Peninsula were assumed to have existed: the [[Celtiberians]] in the mountains near the centre of the peninsula, the [[Celtici]] in the southwest, and the celts in the northwest (in [[Gallaecia]] and [[Asturias]]).<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8PsWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA32&dq=celtiberian+celtici&lr=&as_brr=3 |title=Researches Into the Physical History of Mankind |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref>

Modern scholarship, however, has clearly proven that Celtic presence and influences were most substantial in what is today Spain and Portugal (with perhaps the highest settlement saturation in Western Europe), particularly in the central, western and northern regions.<ref name=Quintela>{{cite web|url=http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_10/garcia_quintela_6_10.html|title=Celtic Elements in Northwestern Spain in Pre-Roman times|last=Quintela|first=Marco V. García|year=2005|publisher=Center for Celtic Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee|accessdate=12 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_12/olivares_6_12.html|title=Celtic Gods of the Iberian Peninsula|last=Pedreño|first=Juan Carlos Olivares|year=2005|accessdate=12 May 2010}}</ref> The Celts in Iberia were divided into two main archaeological and cultural groups,<ref>{{cite journal|first=Gonzalo Ruiz Zapatero|last=Alberto J. Lorrio|url=http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_4/lorrio_zapatero_6_4.html|title=The Celts in Iberia: An Overview|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=167–254|year=2005}}</ref> even though that division is not very clear:
*One group was spread out along [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]<ref>{{cite journal|first=Manuel|last=Alberro|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_20/alberro_6_20.html|title=Celtic Legacy in Galicia|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=1005–1035|year=2005}}</ref> and the Iberian [[Atlantic Europe|Atlantic shores]]. They were made up of the [[Lusitanians]] (in Portugal)<ref>{{cite journal|first=Teresa|last=Júdice Gamito|url=http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_11/gamito_6_11.html|title=The Celts in Portugal|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=571–606|year=2005}}</ref> and the Celtic region that [[Strabo]] called [[Celtica]] in the southwestern Iberian peninsula,<ref>{{cite journal|first=Luis|last=Berrocal-Rangel|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/index.html|title=The Celts of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=481–96|year=2005}}</ref> including the [[Algarve]], which was inhabited by the [[Celtici]], the [[Vettones]] and [[Vacceani]] peoples<ref>{{cite journal|first=Jesús|last=R. Álvarez-Sanchís|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_5/alvarez_sanchis_6_5.html|title=Oppida and Celtic society in western Spain|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=255–286|year=2005}}</ref> (of central-western Spain and Portugal), and the [[Gallaecia]]n, [[Astures]] and [[Cantabri]]an peoples of the [[Castro culture]] of northern and northwestern Spain and Portugal.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Marco|last=V. García Quintela|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_10/garcia_quintela_6_10.html|title=Celtic Elements in Northwestern Spain in Pre-Roman times|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=497–570|year=2005}}</ref>
*The [[Celtiberians|Celtiberian]] group of central Spain and the upper Ebro valley.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Francisco|last=Burillo Mozota|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_8/burillo_6_8.html|title=Celtiberians: Problems and Debates|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=411–480|year=2005}}</ref> This group originated when Celts (mainly Gauls and some Celtic-Germanic groups) migrated from what is now France and integrated with the local [[Iberians|Iberian people]].

The origins of the Celtiberians might provide a key to understanding the Celticisation process in the rest of the Peninsula. The process of Celticisation of the southwestern area of the peninsula by the Keltoi and of the northwestern area is, however, not a simple Celtiberian question. Recent investigations about the [[Gallaeci|Callaici]]<ref>{{cite journal|first=Eugenio|last=R. Luján Martínez|url=http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_16/lujan_6_16.html|title=The Language(s) of the Callaeci|journal=E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies|volume=6|pages=715–748|year=2005}}</ref> and [[Bracari]]<ref>Coutinhas, José Manuel (2006), ''Aproximação à identidade etno-cultural dos Callaici Bracari'', Porto.</ref> in northwestern Portugal are providing new approaches to understanding Celtic culture (language, art and religion) in western Iberia.<ref>[http://arkeotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Archeological site of Tavira], official website</ref>

John T. Koch of the University of Wales-Aberystwyth suggested that [[Tartessian language|Tartessian]] inscriptions of the 8th century BC might already be classified as Celtic. This would mean that Tartessian is the earliest attested trace of Celtic by margin of more than a century.<ref>John T. Koch, ''Tartessian: Celtic From the South-west at the Dawn of History'', Celtic Studies Publications, (2009)</ref>

====Alps and Po Valley====
{{Main|Golasecca culture|Lepontii|Cisalpine Gaul}}
{{See|History of the Alps}}
[[File:Römische Provinzen im Alpenraum ca 14 n Chr.png|thumb|Map of the Alpine region of the Roman Empire as of AD 14.]]
It had been known for some time that there was an early, although apparently somewhat limited, Celtic ([[Lepontic]], sometimes called Cisalpine Celtic) presence in [[Northern Italy]] since inscriptions dated to the 6th century BC have been found there.

The site of [[Golasecca]], where the [[Ticino river|Ticino]] exits from [[Lake Maggiore]], was particularly suitable for long-distance exchanges, in which Golaseccans acted as intermediaries between [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscans]] and the [[Halstatt culture]] of Austria, supported on the all-important trade in [[salt]].

In 391 BC Celts "who had their homes beyond the Alps streamed through the passes in great strength and seized the territory that lay between the [[Apennine Mountains|Appennine mountains]] and the Alps" according to [[Diodorus Siculus]]. The [[River Po|Po Valley]] and the rest of northern Italy (known to the Romans as [[Cisalpine Gaul]]) was inhabited by Celtic-speakers who founded cities such as [[Milan]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=The Celts - A Very Short Introduction|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-280418-9|page=37}}</ref> Later the Roman army was routed at the [[Battle of the Allia|battle of Allia]] and Rome was sacked in 390 BC by the [[Senones]].

At the [[battle of Telamon]] in 225 BC a large Celtic army was trapped between two Roman forces and crushed.

The defeat of the combined [[Samnium|Samnite]], Celtic and Etruscan alliance by the Romans in the [[Samnite Wars|Third Samnite War]] sounded the beginning of the end of the Celtic domination in mainland Europe, but it was not until 192 BC that the Roman armies conquered the last remaining independent Celtic kingdoms in Italy.

====Eastward expansion====
{{Main|Gallic invasion of the Balkans}}

[[Image:Celts in Illyria & Pannonia.png|thumb|310px|left|Celtic tribes in S.E.E c. 1st century BC (in purple)]]
The Celts also expanded down the [[Danube]] river and its tributaries. One of the most influential tribes, the [[Scordisci]], had established their capital at [[Singidunum]] in 3rd century BC, which is present-day [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]]. The concentration of hill-forts and cemeteries shows a [[Population density|density of population]] in the [[Tisza]] valley of modern-day [[Vojvodina]], [[Serbia]], Hungary and into [[Ukraine]]. Expansion into [[Romania]] was however blocked by the [[Dacians]].

Further south, Celts settled in [[Thrace]] ([[Bulgaria]]), which they ruled for over a century, and [[Anatolia]], where they settled as the [[Galatia]]ns ''(see also: [[Gallic invasion of the Balkans|Gallic Invasion of Greece]])''. Despite their [[geographical isolation]] from the rest of the Celtic world, the Galatians maintained their Celtic language for at least 700 years. [[St Jerome]], who visited Ancyra (modern-day [[Ankara]]) in 373 AD, likened their language to that of the [[Treveri]] of northern Gaul.

For Venceslas Kruta, Galatia in central Turkey was an area of dense celtic settlement.

The [[Boii]] tribe gave their name to [[Bohemia]], [[Bologna]] and possibly [[Bavaria]], and Celtic artefacts and cemeteries have been discovered further east in what is now Poland and [[Slovakia]]. A celtic coin ([[Biatec]]) from [[Bratislava]]'s mint was displayed on the old Slovak 5-crown coin.

As there is no archaeological evidence for large scale invasions in some of the other areas, one current school of thought holds that Celtic language and culture spread to those areas by contact rather than invasion.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cunliffe|first=Barry|title=The Celts: A Very Short Introduction|year=2003|publisher=Oxford|isbn=0-19-280418-9|page=71}}</ref> However, the Celtic invasions of Italy and the [[Gallic invasion of the Balkans|expedition in Greece and western Anatolia]], are well documented in Greek and Latin history.

There are records of Celtic mercenaries in [[Egypt]] serving the [[Ptolemies]]. Thousands were employed in 283-246 BC and they were also in service around 186 BC. They attempted to overthrow Ptolemy II.

===Insular Celts===
{{main|Insular Celts}}
{{See|Iron Age Britain|Celtic immigration to the British Isles}}
{{See|Iron Age tribes in Britain|Goidelic substrate hypothesis|O'Rahilly's historical model}}
[[Image:Romanbritain.jpg|200px|thumb|Principal sites in [[Roman Britain]], with indication of tribal territories.]]
All Celtic languages extant today belong to the [[Insular Celtic languages]], derived from the Celtic languages spoken in [[Iron Age Britain]]. They were separated into a [[Goidelic]] and a [[Brythonic languages|Brythonic]] branch from an early period.

Linguists have been arguing for many years whether a Celtic language came to Britain and Ireland and then split or whether there were two separate "invasions". The older view of prehistorians was that the Celtic influence in the British Isles was the result of successive invasions from the European continent by diverse Celtic-speaking peoples over the course of several centuries, accounting for the [[P-Celtic]] vs. [[Q-Celtic]] isogloss. This view is now generally discredited in favour of a phylogenetic [[Insular Celtic]] dialect group.

Celtic arrival in Britain is usually taken to correspond to [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] influence and the appearance of [[chariot burial]]s in what is now England from about the 6th century BC.
Some Iron Age migration does seem to have occurred but the nature of the interactions with the indigenous populations of the isles is unknown. In the late [[Iron Age]] Pryor estimates that the population of Britain and Ireland was between 1 and 1.5 million, upon which a smaller number of Celtic-speaking immigrant populations would have installed themselves as a [[superstrate]].

By about the 6th century ([[Sub-Roman Britain]]), most of the inhabitants of the Isles were speaking Celtic languages of either the [[Goidelic]] or the [[Brythonic languages|Brythonic]] branch.

After Caesar's conquest of [[Gaul]] in the 50s BC, some [[Belgic people]] seem to have come to central southern Britain.<ref>http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13752-germanic-invaders-may-not-have-ruled-by-apartheid.html</ref> Though there was a tribe called [[Parisi]] in eastern Yorkshire, these were probably a British people with cultural links to the continent. It has been claimed that there were a tribe of [[Iverni]] in Ireland who spoke a Brythonic language.

In Ireland as in Great Britain, beginning Celtic influence is taken to correspond to the beginning [[Iron Age]]. The adoption of Celtic culture and language was likely a gradual transformation, brought on by cultural exchange with Celtic groups in the mainland or otherwise southwest continental Europe.

==Romanisation==
{{Main|Gallo-Roman culture}}
[[Image:Cesare prima Gallia 58 a.C. jpg.jpg|thumb|300px|left|The [[Roman republic]] and its neighbours in 58 BC.]]

Under Caesar the Romans conquered Celtic Gaul, and from [[Claudius]] onward the Roman empire absorbed parts of Britain. Roman local government of these regions closely mirrored pre-Roman tribal boundaries, and archaeological finds suggest native involvement in local government.

The native peoples under Roman rule became Romanised and keen to adopt Roman ways. Celtic art had already incorporated classical influences, and surviving Gallo-Roman pieces interpret classical subjects or keep faith with old traditions despite a Roman overlay.

The Roman occupation of [[Roman Gaul|Gaul]], and to a lesser extent of [[Roman Britain|Britain]], led to Roman-Celtic [[syncretism]]. In the case of the continental Celts, this eventually resulted in a [[language shift]] to [[Vulgar Latin]], while the Insular Celts retained their language.

There was also considerable cultural influence exerted by Gaul on Rome, particularly in military matters and horsemanship, as the Gauls often served in the [[Roman cavalry]]. The Romans adopted the Celtic cavalry sword, the [[spatha]], and [[Epona]], the Celtic horse goddess.<ref name=Tristram>{{cite book|last=Tristram|first=Hildegard L. C.|title=The Celtic languages in contact|year=2007|publisher=Potsdam University Press|page=5|url=http://books.google.com/?id=VgBtaDT-evYC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=Celts+were+master+horsemen&q=Celts%20were%20master%20horsemen|isbn=9783940793072}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ní Dhoireann|first=Kym|title=The Horse Amongst the Celts|url=http://www.cyberpict.net/horses/clthrs.htm}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

==Society==
[[File:Stone sculpture of celtic hero.jpg|thumb|Stone head from Mšecké Žehrovice, Czech Republic, wearing a [[torc]], late La Tène culture.]]
To the extent that sources are available, they depict a pre-Christian Celtic [[social structure]] based formally on class and kingship. Patron-client relationships similar to those of Roman society are also described by Caesar and others in the Gaul of the 1st century BC.

In the main, the evidence is of tribes being led by kings, although some argue that there is also evidence of [[oligarchy|oligarchical]] [[republic]]an [[form of government|forms of government]] eventually emerging in areas which had close contact with Rome. Most descriptions of Celtic societies portray them as being divided into three groups: a warrior aristocracy; an intellectual class including professions such as [[druid]], poet, and jurist; and everyone else. In historical times, the offices of high and low kings in Ireland and Scotland were filled by [[election]] under the system of [[tanistry]], which eventually came into conflict with the feudal principle of [[primogeniture]] in which succession goes to the first born son.

Little is known of family structure among the Celts. Patterns of settlement varied from decentralised to urban. The popular stereotype of non-urbanised societies settled in [[hillfort]]s and [[dun]]s,<ref>"[http://www.smr.herefordshire.gov.uk/hist_periods/iron_age.htm The Iron Age]". Smr.herefordshire.gov.uk.</ref> drawn from Britain and Ireland (there are about 3,000 [[List of hill forts in England|hill forts]] known in Britain)<ref>"''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LspvFOZQTakC&pg=PA56&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Landscape of Britain]''". Michael Reed (1997). [[CRC Press]]. p.56. ISBN 0-203-44411-6</ref> contrasts with the urban settlements present in the core Hallstatt and La Tene areas, with the many significant ''[[oppida]]'' of Gaul late in the first millennium BC, and with the towns of [[Cisalpine Gaul|Gallia Cisalpina]].

[[Slavery]], as practised by the Celts, was very likely similar to the better documented [[Slavery in antiquity|practice in ancient Greece and Rome]].<ref name="Simmons 1615">{{cite book|last=Simmons|first=Victoria|title=Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia|editor=John T. Koch|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]|volume=I|page=1615|isbn=1-85109-440-7|year=2006}}</ref> Slaves were acquired from war, raids, and penal and debt servitude.<ref name="Simmons 1615" /> Slavery was hereditary{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}, though [[manumission]] was possible. The [[Old Irish]] word for slave, ''cacht'', and the Welsh term ''caeth'' are likely derived from the Latin ''captus'', captive, suggesting that [[History of slavery|slave trade]] was an early venue of contact between Latin and Celtic societies.<ref name="Simmons 1615" /> In the Middle Ages, slavery was especially prevalent in the [[Celtic nations|Celtic countries]].<ref>Simmons, op.cit., citing ''Wendy Davies'', Wales in the Early
[[Middle Ages]], 64.</ref> Manumissions were discouraged by law and the word for "female slave", ''cumal'', was used as a general unit of value in Ireland.<ref>Simmons, op.cit., at 1616, citing ''Kelly'', Guide to Early Irish Law, 96.</ref>

Archaeological evidence suggests that the pre-Roman Celtic societies were linked to the network of overland [[trade route]]s that spanned Eurasia. Archaeologists have discovered large prehistoric trackways crossing bogs in Ireland and Germany. Due to their substantial nature, these are believed to have been created for wheeled transport as part of an extensive roadway system that facilitated trade.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Neolithic wooden trackways and bog hydrology |journal= Journal of Paleolimnology |publisher =Springer Netherlands | volume =12 |date = January 1994| pages= 49–64 | doi=10.1007/BF00677989 | author=Casparie, Wil A. | last2=Moloney | first2=Aonghus}}</ref> The territory held by the Celts contained [[tin]], [[lead]], [[iron]], [[silver]] and [[gold]].<ref>{{PDFlink|http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-ar_r_wal.pdf|369 KB}} Beatrice Cauuet (Université Toulouse Le Mirail, UTAH, France)</ref> Celtic smiths and metalworkers created weapons and [[jewelry]] for [[international trade]], particularly with the Romans.

The myth that the Celtic [[monetary system]] consisted of wholly barter is a common one, but is in part false. The monetary system was complex and is still not understood (much like the late Roman coinages), and due to the absence of large numbers of coin items, it is assumed that "proto-money" was used. This is the collective term used to describe bronze items made from the early La Tene period onwards, which were often in the shape of [[axe]]heads, [[ring]]s, or [[bell (instrument)|bell]]s. Due to the large number of these present in some burials, it is thought they had a relatively high [[Value (economics)|monetary value]], and could be used for "day to day" purchases. Low-value coinages of [[potin]], a bronze alloy with high tin content, were minted in most Celtic areas of the continent and in South-East Britain prior to the Roman conquest of these lands. Higher-value coinages, suitable for use in trade, were minted in gold, silver, and high-quality bronze. [[Gold coin]]age was much more common than [[silver coin]]age, despite being worth substantially more, as while there were around 100 mines in Southern Britain and Central France, silver was more rarely mined. This was due partly to the relative sparcity of mines and the amount of effort needed for extraction compared to the profit gained. As the Roman civilisation grew in importance and expanded its trade with the Celtic world, silver and bronze coinage became more common. This coincided with a major increase in gold production in Celtic areas to meet the Roman demand, due to the high value Romans put on the metal. The large number of gold mines in France is thought to be a major reason why Caesar invaded.
[[Image:Dying gaul.jpg|300px|thumb|300px|The ''[[Dying Gaul]]'', a Roman marble copy of a [[Hellenistic]] work of the late 3rd century BC [[Capitoline Museums]], Rome]]

There are only very limited records from pre-Christian times written in Celtic languages. These are mostly inscriptions in the Roman and sometimes Greek alphabets. The [[Ogham]] script, an [[Early Medieval]] [[alphabet]], was mostly used in early Christian times in Ireland and Scotland (but also in Wales and England), and was only used for ceremonial purposes such as inscriptions on gravestones. The available evidence is of a strong oral tradition, such as that preserved by bards in Ireland, and eventually recorded by [[monastery|monasteries]]. The oldest recorded rhyming poetry in the world is of Irish origin<ref>{{cite web|title=Irish Poetry|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08116a.htm|work=Irish Literature|publisher=Catholic Encyclopedia}}</ref> and is a transcription of a much older [[epic poetry|epic poem]], leading some scholars to claim that the Celts invented [[rhyme]]. Celtic art also produced a great deal of intricate and beautiful metalwork, examples of which have been preserved by their distinctive burial rites.

In some regards the Atlantic Celts were conservative: for example, they still used [[chariot]]s in combat long after they had been reduced to ceremonial roles by the Greeks and Romans. However, despite being outdated, Celtic [[chariot tactics]] were able to repel the invasion of Britain attempted by Julius Caesar.

According to Diodorus Siculus:

{{quote|The Gauls are tall of body with rippling muscles and white of skin and their hair is blond, and not only naturally so for they also make it their practice by artificial means to increase the distinguishing colour which nature has given it. For they are always washing their hair in limewater and they pull it back from the forehead to the nape of the neck, with the result that their appearance is like that of Satyrs and Pans since the treatment of their hair makes it so heavy and coarse that it differs in no respect from the mane of horses. Some of them shave the beard but others let it grow a little; and the nobles shave their cheeks but they let the moustache grow until it covers the mouth.|[[Diodorus Siculus]]}}

===Clothing===
[[File:Britishmuseumwaterloohelmet.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Waterloo Helmet]]]]
During the later Iron Age the Gauls generally wore long-sleeved shirts or [[tunic]]s and long trousers (called ''[[braccae]]'' by the Romans).<ref>Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca Historica''</ref> Clothes were made of [[wool]] or [[linen]], with some [[silk]] being used by the rich. [[Cloak]]s were worn in the winter. [[Brooch]]es and [[armlet]]s were used, but the most famous item of jewellery was the [[torc]], a neck collar of metal, sometimes gold. The horned [[Waterloo Helmet]] in the [[British Museum]], which long set the standard for modern images of Celtic warriors, is in fact a unique survival, and may have been a piece for ceremonial rather than military wear.

===Gender and sexual norms===
[[File:Celtic.warriors.garments-replica.jpg|thumb|Reconstruction of a Celtic warrior's garments, museum Kelten-Keller, Rodheim-Bieber, Germany]]
According to [[Aristotle]], most "belligerent nations" were strongly influenced by their women, but the Celts were unusual because of openly preferred male lovers (''[[Politics (Aristotle)|Politics]]'' II 1269b).<ref>{{cite book|author=Percy, William A.|title= Pederasty and Pedagogy in Archaic Greece|publisher= University of Illinois Press|year= 1996|url=http://www.google.com/books?id=TCvoj1efp8UC&pg=PA18&dq=celts%2BAthenaeus%2Bboy%2Blover&sig=6jEo_4NaMuXlkX5Z-kpMCM6gOgo|page= 18|isbn= 0252067401|accessdate= 2009-09-18}}; Rankin, H.D. ''Celts and the Classical World'', p.55</ref> H. D. Rankin in ''Celts and the Classical World'' notes that "Athenaeus echoes this comment (603a) and so does [[Ammianus Marcellinus|Ammianus]] (30.9). It seems to be the general opinion of antiquity."<ref>Rankin, p. 55</ref> In book XIII of his ''[[Deipnosophistae|Deipnosophists]]'', the Roman Greek rhetorician and grammarian [[Athenaeus]], repeating assertions made by [[Diodorus Siculus]] in the 1st century BC ([[Bibliotheca historica]] 5:32), wrote that Celtic women were beautiful but that the men preferred to sleep together. Diodorus went further, stating that "the young men will offer themselves to strangers and are insulted if the offer is refused". Rankin argues that the ultimate source of these assertions is likely to be [[Poseidonius]] and speculates that these authors may be recording male "bonding rituals".<ref>Rankin, p.78</ref>

The [[sexual norm|sexual freedom]] of women in Britain was noted by [[Cassius Dio]]:<ref name="Dio Cassius">[[List of Ancient Rome-related topics|Roman History]] Volume IX Books 71-80, Dio Cassiuss and Earnest Carry translator (1927), [[Loeb Classical Library]] ISBN 0-674-99196-6.</ref>

{{quote|...a very witty remark is reported to have been made by the wife of Argentocoxus, a Caledonian, to [[Livia|Julia Augusta]]. When the empress was jesting with her, after the treaty, about the free intercourse of her sex with men in Britain, she replied: "We fulfill the demands of nature in a much better way than do you Roman women; for we consort openly with the best men, whereas you let yourselves be debauched in secret by the vilest." Such was the retort of the British woman.|[[Cassius Dio]]}}

There are instances recorded where women participated both in warfare and in kingship, although they were in the minority in these areas. [[Plutarch]] reports that Celtic women acted as ambassadors to avoid a war among Celts chiefdoms in the Po valley during the 4th century BC.<ref name=Ellis>
{{cite book
|author=Ellis, Peter Berresford
|title= ''The Celts: A History''
|pages= 49–50
|publisher=Caroll & Graf
|year= 1998
|isbn= 0-786-71211-2}}
</ref>

Very few reliable sources exist regarding Celtic views towards gender divisions and societal statues, though some archaeological evidence does suggest that their views towards [[gender role]]s may differ from contemporary and less [[egalitarian]] classical counterparts of the roman era.<ref>{{cite book|author=J.A. MacCulloch|title=The Religion of the Ancient Celts|publisher=MORRISON & GIBB LIMITED|year= 1911|pages= 4–5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Evans, Thomas L.|title= Quantified Identities: A Statistical Summary and Analysis of Iron Age Cemeteries in North-Eastern France 600 - 130 BC, BAR International Series 1226|publisher= Archaeopress|year= 2004|pages= 34–40, 158–188}}</ref>

There are some general indications from Iron Age burial sites in the Champagne and Bourgogne regions of Northeastern France which suggest that women may have had roles in combat during the earlier portions of the La Tène period. However, the evidence is far from conclusive.<ref>{{cite book
|author=Evans, Thomas L.
|title= Quantified Identities: A Statistical Summary and Analysis of Iron Age Cemeteries in North-Eastern Frace 600 - 130 BC, BAR International Series 1226
|publisher= Archaeopress
|year= 2004|
pages= 34–37
}}</ref>
Examples of individuals buried with both female jewellery and weaponry have been identified, such as the [[Vix Grave]], and there are questions about the sexing of some skeletons that were buried with warrior assemblages. However, it has been suggested that "the weapons may indicate rank instead of masculinity".<ref>{{cite book
|author=Nelson, Sarah M.
|title= Gender in archaeology: analyzing power and prestige: Volume 9 of Gender and archaeology series
|publisher= Rowman Altamira
|year= 2004|
pages= 119
}}</ref>

Among the insular Celts, there is a greater amount of historic documentation to suggest warrior roles for women. In addition to commentary by [[Tacitus]] about [[Boudica]], there are indications from later period histories that also suggest a more substantial role for "women as warriors" in symbolic if not actual roles.
[[Posidonius]] and [[Strabo]] described an island of women where men could not venture for fear of death, and where the women ripped each other apart.<ref>{{cite book
|author=Bitel, Lisa M.
|title= Land of Women: Tales of Sex and Gender from Early Ireland
|publisher= Cornell University Press
|year= 1996|
page= 212|
isbn=0-801-48544-4}}</ref> Other writers, such as [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] and [[Tacitus]], mentioned Celtic women inciting, participating in, and leading battles.<ref>{{cite book
|author=Tierney, J. J.
|title=The Celtic Ethnography of Posidonius, PRIA 60 C
|year=1960
|publisher=Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy
|pages=1.89–275
}}</ref> Poseidonius' anthropological comments on the Celts had common themes, primarily [[primitivism]], extreme ferocity, cruel sacrificial practices, and the strength and courage of their women.<ref>
{{cite book
|title = Celts and the Classical World
|author = Rankin, David
|publisher= Routledge
|year=1996
|page=80
|isbn=0-415-15090-6
}}</ref>

Under [[Early Irish law|Brehon Law]], which was written down in [[Early Middle Ages|early Medieval]] Ireland after [[conversion to Christianity]], a woman had the right to divorce her husband and gain his property if he was unable to perform his marital duties due to impotence, obesity, homosexual inclination or preference for other women.<ref name="Cáin Lánamna (Couples Law)">University College, Cork. '' Cáin Lánamna (Couples Law) ''. 2005.[http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G102030.html] Access date: 7 March 2006.</ref>

===Celtic art===
[[File:Romano-Celtic mirror (Desborough).jpg|thumb|The reverse side of a British bronze mirror, with spiral and trumpet motifs typical of La Tène Celtic art in Britain]]
{{main|Celtic art}}

Celtic art is generally used by art historians to refer to art of the La Tène period across Europe, while the [[Early Medieval]] art of Britain and Ireland, that is what "Celtic art" evokes for much of the general public, is called [[Insular art]] in art history. Both styles absorbed considerable influences from non-Celtic sources, but retained a preference for geometrical decoration over figurative subjects, which are often extremely stylised when they do appear; narrative scenes only appear under outside influence. Energetic circular forms, [[triskele]]s and spirals are characteristic. Much of the surviving material is in precious metal, which no doubt gives a very unrepresentative picture, but apart from [[Pictish stones]] and the Insular [[high crosses]], large [[monumental sculpture]], even with decorative carving, is very rare; possibly it was originally common in wood.

The [[interlace (art)|interlace]] patterns that are often regarded as typical of "Celtic art" were in fact introduced to Insular art from the [[Germanic animal style|animal Style II]] of Germanic [[Migration Period art]], though taken up with great skill and enthusiasm by Celtic artists in metalwork and [[illuminated manuscript]]s. Equally, the forms used for the finest Insular art were all adopted from the Roman world: [[Gospel book]]s like the [[Book of Kells]] and [[Book of Lindisfarne]], chalices like the [[Ardagh Chalice]] and [[Derrynaflan Chalice]], and [[penannular brooch]]es like the [[Tara Brooch]]. These works are from the period of peak achievement of Insular art, which lasted from the 7th to the 9th centuries, before the [[Viking]] attacks sharply set back cultural life.

In contrast the less well known but often spectacular art of the richest earlier Continental Celts, before they were conquered by the Romans, often adopted elements of Roman, Greek and other "foreign" styles (and possibly used imported craftsmen) to decorate objects that were distinctively Celtic. After the Roman conquests, some Celtic elements remained in popular art, especially [[Ancient Roman pottery]], of which Gaul was actually the largest producer, mostly in Italian styles, but also producing work in local taste, including [[figurine]]s of deities and wares painted with animals and other subjects in highly formalised styles. [[Roman Britain]] also took more interest in [[vitreous enamel|enamel]] than most of the Empire, and its development of [[champlevé]] technique was probably important to the later [[Medieval art]] of the whole of Europe, of which the energy and freedom of Insular decoration was an important element.

==Warfare and weapons==
[[Image:Parade helmet.jpg|thumb|left|Parade Helmet, Agris, France. 350 BC, with stylistic borrowings from around the Mediterranean.]]
{{Main|Celtic warfare|Celtic sword}}
Principal sites in Roman Britain, with indication of the Celtic tribes. [[Prehistoric warfare|Tribal warfare]] appears to have been a regular feature of Celtic societies. While epic literature depicts this as more of a sport focused on raids and hunting rather than organised territorial conquest, the historical record is more of tribes using warfare to exert political control and harass rivals, for [[Comparative advantage|economic advantage]], and in some instances to conquer territory.{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}}

The Celts were described by classical writers such as [[Strabo]], [[Livy]], [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], and [[Florus]] as fighting like "wild beasts", and as hordes. [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|Dionysius]] said that their "manner of fighting, being in large measure that of wild beasts and frenzied, was an erratic procedure, quite lacking in [[military science]]. Thus, at one moment they would raise their swords aloft and smite after the manner of [[wild boar]]s, throwing the whole weight of their bodies into the blow like hewers of wood or men digging with mattocks, and again they would deliver crosswise blows aimed at no target, as if they intended to cut to pieces the entire bodies of their adversaries, protective armour and all".<ref>Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Roman Antiquities''
p259 Excerpts from Book XIV</ref> Such descriptions have been challenged by contemporary historians.<ref>{{cite book
|author=Ellis, Peter Berresford
|title= ''The Celts: A History''
|pages= 60–3
|publisher=Caroll & Graf
|year= 1998
|isbn= 0-786-71211-2}}</ref>

[[Polybius]] (2.33) indicates that the principal Celtic weapon was a [[Iron Age sword|long bladed sword]] which was used for hacking edgewise rather than stabbing. [[Celtic Warriors|Celtic warriors]] are described by Polybius and Plutarch as frequently having to cease fighting in order to straighten their sword blades. This claim has been questioned by some archaeologists, who note that [[Noric steel]], steel produced in Celtic [[Noricum]], was famous in the [[Roman Empire]] period and was used to equip the [[Roman military]].<ref>"Noricus ensis," [[Horace]], Odes, i. 16.9</ref><ref>Vagn Fabritius Buchwald, Iron and steel in [[Ancient history|ancient times]], 2005, p.127</ref> However, Radomir Pleiner, in ''The Celtic Sword'' (1993) argues that "the metallographic evidence shows that Polybius was right up to a point", as around one third of surviving swords from the period might well have behaved as he describes.<ref>Radomir Pleiner, in ''The Celtic Sword'', Oxford: Clarendon Press (1993), p.159.</ref>

Polybius also asserts that certain of the Celts fought naked, "The appearance of these naked warriors was a terrifying spectacle, for they were all men of splendid physique and in the prime of life."<ref>Polybius, ''Histories'' II.28</ref> According to Livy this was also true of the Celts of Asia Minor.<ref>Livy, ''History'' XXII.46 and XXXVIII.21</ref>

===Head hunting===
[[Image:nudeCeltwarrior.jpg|200px|thumb|A Gallic statue of a Celtic warrior, in the Museum of Brittany]]
Celts had a reputation as [[Headhunting|head hunters]]. According to [[Paul Jacobsthal]], "Amongst the Celts the [[Head|human head]] was venerated above all else, since the head was to the Celt the soul, centre of the emotions as well as of life itself, a symbol of divinity and of the powers of the other-world."<ref>Paul Jacobsthal ''Early Celtic Art''</ref> Arguments for a Celtic cult of the severed head include the many sculptured representations of severed heads in La Tène carvings, and the surviving Celtic mythology, which is full of stories of the severed heads of heroes and the saints who [[cephalophore|carry their decapitated heads]], right down to ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'', where the [[Green Knight]] picks up his own severed head after Gawain has struck it off, just as [[St. Denis]] carried his head to the top of [[Montmartre]].

A further example of this regeneration after beheading lies in the tales of [[Connemara]]'s [[St. Feichin]], who after being beheaded by Viking pirates carried his head to the Holy Well on [[Omey Island]] and on dipping the head into the well placed it back upon his neck and was restored to full health.

[[Diodorus Siculus]], in his 1st century ''History'' had this to say about Celtic head-hunting:
{{quote|They cut off the heads of enemies slain in battle and attach them to the necks of their horses. The blood-stained spoils they hand over to their attendants and striking up a paean and singing a song of victory; and they nail up these first fruits upon their houses, just as do those who lay low wild animals in certain kinds of hunting. They embalm in [[cedar oil]] the heads of the most distinguished enemies, and preserve them carefully in a chest, and display them with pride to strangers, saying that for this head one of their ancestors, or his father, or the man himself, refused the offer of a large sum of money. They say that some of them boast that they refused the weight of the head in gold}}

In ''[[Gods and Fighting Men]]'', [[Lady Gregory]]'s [[Celtic Revival]] translation of [[Irish mythology]], heads of men killed in battle are described in the beginning of the story ''The Fight With The Fir Bolgs'' as pleasing to [[Macha]], one aspect of the war goddess [[Morrigan|Morrigu]].

==Religion==
===Polytheism===
{{Main|Celtic polytheism}}
[[Image:BrigitteCelt.jpg|thumb|left|270px|A statuette in the Museum of [[Brittany]], [[Rennes]], probably depicting [[Brigantia (goddess)|Brigantia/Brigid]]: ca. 1st century AD, with iconography derived from Roman statues of [[Minerva]].]]

Like all Iron Age tribal societies, the Celts practised a [[Celtic polytheism|polytheistic religion]].<ref name="Cunliffe"/>
Many [[List of Celtic gods|Celtic gods]] are known from texts and inscriptions from the Roman period.
Rites and sacrifices were carried out by priests known as [[druid]]s. The Celts did not see their gods as having human shapes until late in the Iron Age. Celtic [[shrine]]s were situated in remote areas such as hilltops, groves, and lakes.

Celtic religious patterns were regionally variable; however, some patterns of deity forms, and ways of worshipping these deities, appeared over a wide geographical and temporal range. The Celts worshipped both gods and goddesses. In general, Celtic gods were deities of particular skills, such as the many-skilled [[Lugh]] and [[The Dagda|Dagda]], while goddesses were associated with natural features, particularly rivers (such as [[Boann]], goddess of the [[River Boyne]]). This was not universal, however, as goddesses such as [[Brigid|Brighid]] and [[Morrígan|The Morrígan]] were associated with both natural features ([[clootie well|holy wells]] and the River Unius) and skills such as blacksmithing and healing.<ref name="Sjoestedt">[[Marie-Louise Sjoestedt|Sjoestedt, Marie-Louise]] (originally published in French, 1940, reissued 1982) ''Gods and Heroes of the Celts''. Translated by Myles Dillon, Berkeley, CA, Turtle Island Foundation ISBN 0-913666-52-1, pp. 24-46.</ref>

Triplicity is a common theme in Celtic cosmology, and a number of deities were seen as threefold.<ref name="Sjoestedt2">Sjoestedt (1940) pp.16, 24-46.</ref> This trait is exhibited by The Three Mothers, a group of goddesses worshipped by many Celtic tribes (with regional variations).<ref name="Inse Jones 1995">Inse
Jones, Prudence, and Nigel Pennick. History of pagan Europe. London: Routledge, 1995. Print.</ref>

The Celts had literally hundreds of deities, some of which were unknown outside a single family or tribe, while others were popular enough to have a following that crossed lingual and cultural barriers. For instance, the Irish god Lugh, associated with [[storm]]s, [[lightning]], and culture, is seen in similar forms as [[Lugos]] in Gaul and [[Lleu]] in Wales. Similar patterns are also seen with the continental Celtic horse goddess [[Epona]] and what may well be her Irish and Welsh counterparts, [[Macha (Irish mythology)|Macha]] and [[Rhiannon]], respectively.<ref name="Sjoestedt3">Sjoestedt (1940) pp.xiv-xvi, 14-46.</ref>

Roman reports of the druids mention ceremonies being held in [[sacred grove]]s. La Tène Celts built temples of varying size and shape, though they also maintained shrines at [[sacred tree]]s and [[Cult (religious practice)|votive pool]]s.<ref name="Cunliffe">Cunliffe, Barry, (1997) ''The Ancient Celts''. Oxford, [[Oxford University Press]] ISBN 0-19-815010-5, pp.202, 204-8. p. 183 (religion)</ref>

Druids fulfilled a variety of roles in Celtic religion, serving as priests and religious officiants, but also as judges, sacrificers, teachers, and lore-keepers. Druids organised and ran religious ceremonies, and they memorised and taught the [[Celtic calendar|calendar]]. Other classes of druids performed ceremonial sacrifices of crops and [[animal sacrifice|animals]] for the perceived benefit of the community.<ref name="Sjoestedt5">Sjoestedt (1982) pp.xxvi-xix.</ref>

===Gallic Calendar===
{{Main|Coligny calendar}}
The [[Coligny calendar]], which was found in 1897 in [[Coligny, Ain|Coligny]], [[Ain]], was engraved on a [[bronze]] tablet, preserved in 73 fragments, that originally was 1.48 m wide and 0.9 m high (Lambert p. 111). Based on the style of lettering and the accompanying objects, it probably dates to the end of the 2nd century.<ref>Lambert, Pierre-Yves (2003). ''La langue gauloise''. Paris, Editions Errance. 2nd edition. ISBN 2-87772-224-4. Chapter 9 is titled "Un calandrier gaulois"</ref> It is written in Latin inscriptional capitals, and is in the [[Gaulish language|Gallic language]]. The restored tablet contains 16 vertical columns, with 62 months distributed over 5 years.

The French archaeologist J. Monard speculated that it was recorded by [[druid]]s wishing to preserve their tradition of timekeeping in a time when the [[Julian calendar]] was imposed throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. However, the general form of the calendar suggests the public peg calendars (or ''parapegmata'') found throughout the Greek and Roman world.<ref>Lehoux, D. R. ''Parapegmata: or Astrology, Weather, and Calendars in the Ancient World'', pp63-5. [http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ53766.pdf PhD Dissertation, University of Toronto, 2000].</ref>

There were four major festivals in the Gallic Calendar: "Imbolc" on 1 February, possibly linked to the lactation of the ewes and sacred to the Irish Goddess Brigid. "Beltaine" on 1 May, connected to fertility and warmth, possibly linked to the [[Solar deity|Sun God]] Belenos. "Lúnasa" on 1 August, connected with the harvest and associated with the God Lugh. And finally "Samhain" on 1 November, possibly the start of the year.<ref>James, Simon (1993). "Exploring the World of the Celts" Reprint, 2002. pp-155.</ref> Two of these festivals, Beltaine and ''Lúnasa'' are shown on the Coligny Calendar by sigils, and it is easy to imagine that the first month on the Calendar (Samonios) matches Samhain. However, ''Imbolc'' does not seem to be shown at all.<ref>{{cite web|author=Togodumnus (Kevan White) |url=http://www.roman-britain.org/celtic/coligny.htm |title=The Coligny Calendar, Roman Britain, 2/10/01 |publisher=Roman-britain.org |date= |accessdate=2010-10-02}}</ref>

===Roman Influence===
{{See|Gallo-Roman culture}}
The Roman invasion of Gaul brought a great deal of Celtic peoples into the Roman Empire. Roman culture had a profound effect on the Celtic tribes which came under the empire's control. Roman influence led to many changes in Celtic religion, the most noticeable of which was the weakening of the druid class, especially religiously; the druids were to eventually disappear altogether. Romano-Celtic deities also began to appear: these deities often had both Roman and Celtic attributes and combined the names of Roman and Celtic deities. Other changes included the adaptation of the [[Jupiter Pole]], a sacred pole which was used throughout Celtic regions of the empire, primarily in the north. Another major change in religious practice was the use of stone monuments to represent gods and goddesses. The Celts had only created wooden idols (including monuments carved into trees, which were known as sacred poles) previously to Roman conquest.<ref name="Inse Jones 1995"/>

===Celtic Christianity===
{{Main|Celtic Christianity}}
[[Image:Ccross.svg|thumb|right|170px|A [[Celtic cross]].]]
While the regions under Roman rule adopted Christianity along with the rest of the Roman empire, unconquered areas of Ireland and Scotland moved from [[Celtic polytheism]] to Christianity in the 5th century AD. Ireland was converted under missionaries from Britain, such as [[Saint Patrick|Patrick]]. Later missionaries from Ireland were a major source of [[missionary|missionary work]] in Scotland, Saxon parts of Britain, and central Europe (see [[Hiberno-Scottish mission]]). The term [[Celtic Christianity]] has been applied to the forms of Christianity that took hold in Britain and Ireland at this time, with especial reference to its traditions that were distinct from the rest of Western Christianity. The development of Christianity in Ireland and Britain brought an early [[medieval]] renaissance of [[Celtic art]] between 390 and 1200 AD.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chadwick|first=Nora|title=The Celts|year=1970|pages=232–254}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kruta|first=Venceslas|title=The Celts|year=1991|publisher=Thames and Hudson|pages=621–637}}</ref> Many of the styles now thought of as typically "Celtic" developed in this period, and are found throughout much of Ireland and Britain, including the northeast and far north of Scotland, [[Orkney]] and [[Shetland]]. Notable works produced during this period include the [[Book of Kells]] and the [[Ardagh Chalice]]. [[Antiquarian]] interest from the 17th century led to the term ''Celt'' being extended, and rising [[nationalism]] brought [[Celtic Revival|Celtic revival]]s from the 19th century.

==See also==
*[[Modern Celts]]
*[[Celtic nations]]
*[[Celtic languages]]
*[[Ethnic groups in Europe|Ethnic groups of Europe]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Literature==
* Alberro, Manuel and Arnold, Bettina (eds.), ''[http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/ e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies], [http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/index.html Volume 6: The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula]'', [[University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee]], Center for Celtic Studies, 2005.
* Collis, John. ''The Celts: Origins, Myths and Inventions.'' Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-7524-2913-2. Historiography of Celtic studies.
* Cunliffe, Barry. ''The Ancient Celts.'' Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-815010-5.
* Cunliffe, Barry. ''Iron Age Britain.'' London: Batsford, 2004. ISBN 0-7134-8839-5
* Cunliffe, Barry. ''The Celts: A Very Short Introduction.'' 2003
* Freeman, [[Philip Mitchell]] ''The Earliest Classical Sources on the Celts: A Linguistic and Historical Study.'' Diss. [[Harvard University]], 1994. [http://proquest.umi.com.proxy.lib.ohio-state.edu/pqdweb?did=740970711&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3959&RQT=309&VName=PQD (link)]
* Gamito, Teresa J. ''[http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_11/gamito_6_11.html The Celts in Portugal]''. In E-Keltoi, Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies, vol. 6. 2005.
* Haywood, John. ''Historical Atlas of the Celtic World.'' 2001.
* Herm, Gerhard. ''The Celts: The People who Came out of the Darkness.'' New York: St. Martin's Press, 1977.
* James, Simon. ''Exploring the World of the Celts'' 1993.
* James, Simon. ''The Atlantic Celts - Ancient People Or Modern Invention?'' Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, August 1999. ISBN 0-299-16674-0.
* James, Simon & Rigby, Valerie. ''Britain and the Celtic Iron Age.'' London: [[British Museum]] Press, 1997. ISBN 0-7141-2306-4.
* Kruta, V., O. Frey, Barry Raftery and M. Szabo. eds. ''The Celts.'' New York: [[Thames & Hudson]], 1991. ISBN 0-8478-2193-5. A translation of ''Les Celtes: Histoire et Dictionnaire'' 2000.
* Laing, Lloyd. ''The Archaeology of Late Celtic Britain and Ireland c. 400–1200 AD.'' London: Methuen, 1975. ISBN 0-416-82360-2
* Laing, Lloyd and Jenifer Laing. ''Art of the Celts'', London: Thames and Hudson, 1992 ISBN 0-500-20256-7
* MacKillop, James. ''A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology.'' Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-19-280120-1
* [[Bernhard Maier|Maier, Bernhard]]: ''Celts: A History from Earliest Times to the Present.'' University of Notre Dame Press 2003. ISBN 978-0268023614
* McEvedy, Colin. ''The Penguin Atlas of Ancient History''. New York: Penguin, 1985. ISBN 0-14-070832-4
* Mallory, J. P. ''In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language, Archaeology and Myth.'' London: Thames and Hudson, 1991. ISBN 0-500-27616-1.
* O'Rahilly, T. F. ''Early Irish History'' [[Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies]], 1946.
* Powell, T. G. E. ''The Celts.'' New York: Thames and Hudson, 1980. third ed. 1997. ISBN 0-500-27275-1.
* Raftery, Barry. ''Pagan Celtic Ireland: The Enigma of the Irish Iron Age.'' London: Thames & Hudson, 1994. ISBN 0-500-27983-7.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Celts}}

===Additional articles===
*[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_music Ancient Celtic music] - in the ''[[Citizendium]]''
*[http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/index.html Essays on Celtiberian topics] - in ''[[e-Keltoi]]'', [[University of Wisconsin, Madison]]
*[http://skyelander.orgfree.com/menu10.html Ancient Celtic Warriors in History]

===Geography===
*[http://resourcesforhistory.com/map.htm An interactive map showing the lands of the Celts between 800BC and 305AD.]
*[http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC), showing the Celtic territories]
*[http://www.resourcesforhistory.com/map.htm Map of Celtic lands]

===Multimedia===
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_20020221.shtml Discussion] - with academician [[Barry Cunliffe]], on [[BBC Radio 4]]'s ''[[In Our Time (BBC Radio 4)|In Our Time]]'', February 21, 2002. (Streaming [[Realplayer]] format)
*[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5738673982827673282&q=celts&total=1836&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=4 "The Primitive Celts"] - part of ''Terry Jones' Barbarians'', June 2006.

===Organisations===
*[http://newworldcelts.org/ newworldcelts.org]
*[http://www.celtic-congress-2007.com/ XIII. International Congress of Celtic Studies in Bonn]

===Special interest===
*[http://www.familytreedna.com/public/Nordic-Celtic Related Nordic-Celtic DNA material] - at FamilyTreeDNA.com
* http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/celts-descended-from-spanish-fishermen-study-finds-416727.html

{{Celts|state=uncollapsed}}

[[Category:Celtic people| ]]
[[Category:Historical ethnic groups of Europe]]

{{Link GA|de}}
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[[af:Kelte]]
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2009 New England Patriots season

2011-07-05T15:03:21Z

Boxplot: /* Week 11: vs. New York Jets */

{{Infobox NFL_season
| logo = [[File:Patriots 50.gif|225px]]
| team = New England Patriots
| year = 2009
| record = 10–6
| division_place = 1st [[AFC East]]
| coach = [[Bill Belichick]]
| owner = [[Robert Kraft]]
| stadium = [[Gillette Stadium]]
| playoffs = Lost [[2009–10 NFL playoffs|Wild Card Playoffs]] ([[Baltimore Ravens|Ravens]]) 33–14
| pro bowlers = QB [[Tom Brady]] G [[Logan Mankins]] SS [[Brandon Meriweather]] WR [[Randy Moss]] WR [[Wes Welker]] DT [[Vince Wilfork]]
| AP All-pros = WR [[Wes Welker]] ''(1st team)'' G [[Logan Mankins]] ''(2nd team)'' DT [[Vince Wilfork]] ''(2nd team)''
| uniform = File:AFCE-2009-Uniform-NE.png
}}
The '''[[2009 NFL season|2009]] [[New England Patriots]] season''' was the 40th season for the team in the [[National Football League]] and 50th season overall. They finished with a 10–6 record and a division title before losing to the [[Baltimore Ravens]] in the [[2009–10 NFL playoffs|playoffs]].

After missing the playoffs in [[2008 New England Patriots season|2008]], the Patriots' offseason was marked by a number of front office, coaching, and personnel changes. Vice President of Player Personnel [[Scott Pioli]], who had been head coach [[Bill Belichick]]'s personnel director since [[2000 New England Patriots season|2000]], departed to become the general manager of the [[Kansas City Chiefs]], while offensive coordinator [[Josh McDaniels]] was named head coach of the [[Denver Broncos]]. Quarterback [[Matt Cassel]], who led the team to 11 wins in 2008 after starter [[Tom Brady]] was injured, was traded to the Chiefs along with veteran linebacker [[Mike Vrabel]] in March. Defensive starters [[Tedy Bruschi]] and [[Rodney Harrison]] both retired, while [[All-Pro]] defensive end [[Richard Seymour]] was traded to the [[Oakland Raiders]] for a first round pick in the [[2011 NFL Draft]] days before the start of the regular season.

In the season opener on [[Monday Night Football]], the Patriots celebrated their 50th anniversary season with an [[American Football League]] "legacy game" against the [[Buffalo Bills]]. Down 11 points late in the fourth quarter, the Patriots would score two touchdowns to secure a victory in Brady's first game back from injury. In November, the 6–2 Patriots traveled to face the undefeated [[Indianapolis Colts]]; with a six-point lead late in the fourth quarter, the Patriots tried to convert a [[4th and 2]] situation inside their own 30-yard line but failed, setting up a Colts touchdown and the Patriots' third loss of the season. After losing another two games of three, the Patriots went on to win their next three games to secure a division title; the team also finished with their fourth perfect regular season record at home in seven years. With the third seed in the [[2009–10 NFL playoffs|AFC playoffs]], the Patriots faced the [[Baltimore Ravens]] at home in the Wild Card Playoffs. The Ravens opened a 24–0 lead in the first quarter and the Patriots could not recover, ending their season.

{{TOC limit|limit=2}}

==Offseason==
===Staff changes===
With the Patriots' 2008 season ending more than a month before its 2007 season did, the month of January, reserved for playoff games in the prior five seasons, instead saw the departure of head coach [[Bill Belichick]]'s top personnel executive in his first nine seasons in New England. Vice President of Player Personnel [[Scott Pioli]] accepted an offer to become the general manager of the [[Kansas City Chiefs]], giving him final say over all of the team's football matters.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/01/14/patriots_lose_pioli_to_chiefs/|title=Patriots lose Pioli to Chiefs|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|author=Gasper, Christopher L. and Reiss, Mike|date=2009-01-14|accessdate=2009-02-17}}</ref> [[Nick Caserio]], the Patriots' director of player personnel, took over Pioli's duties of overseeing the Patriots' personnel and scouting departments,<ref name="Reese">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/01/floyd_reese_ana.html|title=Floyd Reese analysis|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-01-27|accessdate=2009-02-17}}</ref> while former [[Tennessee Titans]] general manager [[Floyd Reese]] was given a multi-year contract to be a "senior football advisor."<ref name="Reese" /> Meanwhile, assistant director of college scouting [[Jon Robinson]] was promoted to director of college scouting,<ref name="WaldronRobinson">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/02/13/patriots_promote_waldron/|title=Patriots promote Waldron|work=The Boston Globe|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-13|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> and former assistant director of player personnel [[Jason Licht]], who had moved from the Patriots to the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] and the [[Arizona Cardinals]] as a personnel executive, returned to the Patriots as director of pro personnel.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/licht_hired_in.html|title=Licht hired in personnel department|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-25|accessdate=2009-02-25}}</ref> National scout [[Bob Quinn (American football)|Bob Quinn]] was promoted to assistant director of pro personnel.<ref name="Changes">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/07/coaching_scouti_1.html|title=Coaching & scouting nuggets|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-07-21|accessdate=2009-07-21}}</ref>

Belichick's coaching staff faced similar changes at the beginning of the 2009 offseason. [[Offensive coordinator]] and [[quarterback]]s coach [[Josh McDaniels]] agreed to become the head coach of the [[Denver Broncos]], which at the time of his hiring made him the youngest head coach in the NFL.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/01/12/patriots_coordinator_mcdaniels_to_coach_broncos/|title=Patriots coordinator McDaniels to coach Broncos|work=The Boston Globe|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-01-12|accessdate=2009-02-17}}</ref> [[Wide receiver]]s coach [[Bill O'Brien (American football)|Bill O'Brien]] replaced McDaniels as quarterbacks coach,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/01/22/patriots_promote_obrien/|title=Patriots promote O'Brien|work=The Boston Globe|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-01-22|accessdate=2009-02-17}}</ref> but no official replacement for offensive coordinator was named. [[Minnesota Vikings]] assistant [[special teams]] coach and offensive assistant [[Chad O'Shea]] replaced O'Brien as wide receivers coach.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/oshea_expected.html|title=O'Shea expected to be named WR coach|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-24|accessdate=2009-02-24}}</ref> In addition, special teams coach [[Brad Seely]] agreed to join the [[Cleveland Browns]] as their assistant head coach/special teams coach under new head coach and former Patriots assistant [[Eric Mangini]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/01/seelys_move_not.html|title=Seely's move not lateral|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-01-15|accessdate=2009-02-17}}</ref> Former [[Denver Broncos]] special teams coach [[Scott O'Brien]] was named as a replacement.<ref name="coachmoves">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/02/03/patriots_hire_obrien_as_special_teams_coordinator/|title=Patriots hire O'Brien as special teams coordinator|work=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=The Boston Globe|date=2009-02-03|accessdate=2009-02-17}} {{Dead link|date=August 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> On defense, special assistant/[[defensive backs|secondary]] coach [[Dom Capers]] joined the [[Green Bay Packers]] as their [[defensive coordinator]]<ref name="coachmoves" /> and was replaced by defensive coaching assistant [[Josh Boyer]] as defensive backs coach.<ref name="coachmoves" /> Boyer was replaced as a coaching assistant by [[Patrick Graham (American football)|Patrick Graham]], who was a defensive graduate assistant for former Patriots assistant [[Charlie Weis]] at the [[University of Notre Dame]] before being hired by the [[University of Toledo]] as a [[defensive line]] coach weeks before joining the Patriots.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/graham_joins_st.html|title=Graham joins staff as coaching assistant|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-10|accessdate=2009-02-24}}</ref> Finally, [[tight end]]s coach [[Pete Mangurian]] joined the [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] as their [[offensive line]] coach after the season; offensive coaching assistant [[Shane Waldron]] replaced him.<ref name="WaldronRobinson" /> Scouting assistant [[Brian Ferentz]] replaced Waldron as an offensive coaching assistant.<ref name="Changes" />

===Departures===
Quarterback [[Matt Cassel]], who started 15 of the Patriots' games in 2008 after an injury to starter [[Tom Brady]], was an unrestricted free agent after the season under the terms of his [[2005 New England Patriots season|2005]] seventh-round draft pick contract. On February 5, the first day teams were allowed to place the [[franchise tag]] on a player, the Patriots assigned Cassel the non-exclusive version of the tag, tying up $14.65 million, the required amount of a one-year guaranteed tender, of their salary cap space.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/patriots_franch.html|title=Patriots franchise Cassel|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Chad|last=Finn|date=2009-02-05|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> The tag allowed Cassel to negotiate with other teams, but any team signing Cassel to an offer sheet the Patriots refused to match would have had to surrender two first-round draft picks to the Patriots.<ref name="Cassel trade">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2009/03/01/cassel_is_traded_to_chiefs/|title=Cassel is traded to Chiefs|work=The Boston Globe|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-02-28|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> Nevertheless, Cassel quickly agreed to the terms of the tag and signed it,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.nfl.com/2009/02/23/cassels-franchise-contract-submitted-to-nfl/|title=Cassel’s franchise tender submitted to NFL|work=NFL.com|first=Adam|last=Schefter|date=2009-02-23|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> putting him under contract with the Patriots for the 2009 season and guaranteeing him the tender salary, but also denying him the right to negotiate without permission. On February 28, the second day of free agency, Cassel and [[linebacker]] [[Mike Vrabel]], who was in the final year of his contract, were traded to the Chiefs for the Chiefs' second-round draft pick in 2009 (#34 overall), in the first trade between Belichick and Pioli, his former colleague.<ref name="Cassel trade" />

Prior to the start of free agency, the Patriots released wide receiver [[Kelley Washington]] and offensive lineman [[Billy Yates (American football)|Billy Yates]];<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/washington_yate.html|title=Washington & Yates cut|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-17|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> Yates was re-signed days later to a revised contract.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/billy_yates_set.html|title=Billy Yates set to re-sign with Patriots|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-19|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> Unrestricted free agents, wide receiver [[Jabar Gaffney]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/gaffney_joins_b.html|title=Gaffney joins Broncos|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-27|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> [[long snapper]] [[Lonie Paxton]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/lonie_paxton_to.html|title=Lonie Paxton agrees with Broncos|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-27|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> and [[running back]] [[LaMont Jordan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/report_jordan_t.html|title=Report: Jordan to the Broncos|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-04|accessdate=2009-03-05}}</ref> all joined McDaniels and the [[Denver Broncos]]. Fullback [[Heath Evans]] signed with the [[New Orleans Saints]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/heath_evans_sig.html|title=Heath Evans agrees to terms with Saints|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-05|accessdate=2009-03-08}}</ref> and linebacker [[Larry Izzo]] signed with the [[New York Jets]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/jets_confirm_iz.html|title=Jets confirm Izzo signing|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-11|accessdate=2009-03-14}}</ref>

During the second day of the draft, cornerback [[Ellis Hobbs]] was traded to the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] for two 2009 fifth-round draft selections.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/ellis_hobbs_tra.html|title=Ellis Hobbs traded|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-04-26|accessdate=2009-04-26}}</ref>

On June 4, safety [[Rodney Harrison]], who became a free agent following the 2008 season, retired from football.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.projo.com/patriots/content/projo_20090603_patriots_harrison.45f25d52.html|title=Rodney Harrison announces his retirement|work=[[The Providence Journal]]|first=Shalise Manza|last=Young|date=2009-06-04|accessdate=2009-09-18}}</ref>

On August 17, the Patriots traded defensive lineman [[Le Kevin Smith]] to the [[Denver Broncos]] with a seventh-round pick in the 2010 NFL Draft acquired in a trade with the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] (see below) in exchange for the Broncos' 2010 fifth-round pick, which became the selection that went to the [[Oakland Raiders]] in a prior trade.<ref name="Smith">{{cite web|url=http://msn.foxsports.com/nfl/story/9947768/Patriots-trade-DL-Smith-to-hurting-Broncos|title=Patriots trade DL Smith to hurting Broncos|work=Fox Sports|first=Alex|last=Marvez|date=2009-08-17|accessdate=2009-08-17}}</ref> On August 25, the Patriots again traded with the Broncos, this time sending offensive lineman [[Russ Hochstein]] to the Broncos for the same seventh-round draft selection in the 2010 draft.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/08/report_patriots_6.html|title=Patriots trade Hochstein to Broncos|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Chris|last=Forsberg|date=2009-08-25|accessdate=2009-08-25}}</ref>

After playing in the team's first three preseason games as a reserve, linebacker [[Tedy Bruschi]] announced his retirement on August 31, after 13 seasons with the Patriots.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/08/welcome_to_gill_47.html|title=Bruschi announces retirement|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-08-31|accessdate=2009-08-31}}</ref>

During final roster cutdowns, on September 5, the Patriots traded tight end [[David Thomas (American football)|David Thomas]] to the [[New Orleans Saints]] in exchange for a conditional seventh-round pick in the [[2011 NFL Draft]],<ref name="Matthews">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/09/report_te_david.html|title=Patriots making trades at tight end|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-09-05|accessdate=2009-09-06}}</ref> which later became a sixth-round pick.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/boston/nfl/news/story?id=5173519|title=Pats get upgraded draft pick|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=May 8, 2010|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}</ref>

The next day, the Patriots traded [[All-Pro]] defensive lineman [[Richard Seymour]] to the [[Oakland Raiders]] in exchange for a first-round selection in the 2011 NFL Draft.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/09/patriots_confir_1.html|title=Seymour traded to the Raiders|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-09-06|accessdate=2009-09-06}}</ref>

===Arrivals===
The Patriots signed a number players who had been released by their former teams: longtime [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] running back [[Fred Taylor (American football)|Fred Taylor]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/patriots_make_t.html|title=Patriots make Taylor signing official|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-27|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> cornerbacks [[Shawn Springs]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.nfl.com/2009/03/05/patriots-reach-agreement-with-free-agent-springs/|title=Patriots reach agreement with free-agent CB Springs|work=NFL.com|first=Adam|last=Schefter|date=2009-03-05|accessdate=2009-03-05}}</ref> and [[Leigh Bodden]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/pats_sign_longs.html|title=Patriots agree to terms with Leigh Bodden|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-10|accessdate=2009-03-11}}</ref> tight end [[Chris Baker (tight end)|Chris Baker]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/patriots_close.html|title=Patriots close with TE Chris Baker|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-27|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> wide receiver [[Joey Galloway]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/galloway_signin.html|title=Galloway signing confirmed|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-14|accessdate=2009-03-15}}</ref> long snapper [[Nathan Hodel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/pats_sign_longs.html|title=Pats sign new long snapper|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-10|accessdate=2009-03-11}}</ref> and linebacker [[Tully Banta-Cain]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/bantacain_1year.html|title=Banta-Cain: 1-year deal|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-23|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> who was a member of the Patriots from [[2003 New England Patriots season|2003]] through [[2006 New England Patriots season|2006]] before signing a free agent contract with the [[San Francisco 49ers]]. Center [[Al Johnson (American football)|Al Johnson]],<ref name="March16">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/pats_announce_f.html|title=Pats announce five signings|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-03-16|accessdate=2009-03-17}}</ref> offensive tackle [[Damane Duckett]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/patriots_sign_o.html|title=Pats sign OL Damane Duckett|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-23|accessdate=2009-03-23}}</ref> safety [[Brandon McGowan]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/05/patriots_moves.html|title=Patriots moves|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-05-05|accessdate=2009-05-26}}</ref> and linebacker [[Paris Lenon]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/05/linebacker_pari.html|title=Linebacker Paris Lenon joins Patriots|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-05-27|accessdate=2009-08-02}}</ref> arrived via unrestricted free agency; only McGowan made the Patriots' opening roster. Free agents or potential free agents [[Eric Alexander (American football)|Eric Alexander]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/no_tender_for_a.html|title=No tender for Alexander; 1-year deal instead|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-26|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> [[James Sanders (American football)|James Sanders]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/james_sanders_a.html|title=James Sanders agrees to terms on 3-year deal|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-01|accessdate=2009-03-03}}</ref> [[Russ Hochstein]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/hochstein_agree.html|title=Hochstein agrees to terms on 1-year deal with Patriots|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-02|accessdate=2009-03-03}}</ref> [[Chris Hanson]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/patriots_sign_c.html|title=Patriots re-sign punter Chris Hanson|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-05|accessdate=2009-03-08}}</ref> [[Mike Wright]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=3979998|title=Source: Pats ink Wright to 4-year deal|work=[[ESPN.com]]|first=John|last=Clayton|date=2009-03-14|accessdate=2009-03-14}}</ref> [[Tank Williams]],<ref name="March16" /> [[Ray Ventrone]],<ref name="March16" /> [[Pierre Woods]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/pierre_woods_si.html|title=Pierre Woods signs tender|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-04-21|accessdate=2009-04-28}}</ref> and [[Kenny Smith (American football)|Kenny Smith]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/kenny_smith_bac.html|title=DL Kenny Smith signs|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-04-22|accessdate=2009-04-28}}</ref> were all re-signed. Restricted free agent [[offensive tackle]] [[Wesley Britt]] was not offered a tender, making him an unrestricted free agent,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/woods_2nd_round.html|title=Woods: 2nd round tender|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-02-27|accessdate=2009-02-28}}</ref> but he was later re-signed.<ref name="March16" /> In August, offensive tackles [[Nick Kaczur]] and [[Mark LeVoir]] both received contract extensions through the 2012 and 2011 seasons, respectively.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/08/patriots_levoir.html|title=Patriots, LeVoir reach contract extension|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|date=2009-08-25|accessdate=2009-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/08/nick_kaczurs_ex.html|title=Nick Kaczur's extension|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-08-24|accessdate=2009-09-06}}</ref> During the season, the team reached long-term contract extensions with linebacker [[Rob Ninkovich]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4672280/ninkovich-latest-to-sign-extension|title=Ninkovich latest to sign extension|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-12-12|accessdate=2009-12-12}}</ref> guard [[Dan Connolly (American football)|Dan Connolly]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bostonherald.com/blogs/sports/rap_sheet/index.php/2009/12/23/patriots-ol-dan-connolly-receives-a-contract-extension-through-2011/|title=Patriots OL Dan Connolly receives a contract extension through 2011|work=[[Boston Herald]]|first=Ian|last=Rapoport|date=2009-12-23|accessdate=2009-12-23}}</ref> wide receiver [[Sam Aiken]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/boston/nfl/news/story?id=4578396|title=Aiken extended through 2011|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2010-10-19|accessdate=2010-03-05}}</ref> and linebacker [[Eric Alexander (American football)|Eric Alexander]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4670946/extension-for-eric-alexander|title=Extension for Eric Alexander|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-11-23|accessdate=2009-11-23}}</ref>

In the first week of the free agency, the Patriots traded their fifth-round pick in the [[2009 NFL Draft]] to the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] for wide receiver [[Greg Lewis (wide receiver)|Greg Lewis]] and the Eagles' seventh-round pick in the [[2010 NFL Draft]].<ref name="Reiss">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/03/report_patriots_2.html|title=Report: Patriots acquire WR Greg Lewis|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-03-05|accessdate=2009-03-05}}</ref><ref name="Bowen">{{cite web|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/sports/GLew_Outta_Here.html|title=GLew Outta Here|work=[[Philadelphia Daily News]]|first=Les|last=Bowen|date=2009-03-05|accessdate=2009-03-05}}</ref> Shortly after the draft, the Patriots acquired tight end [[Alex Smith (tight end)|Alex Smith]] from the [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] in exchange for a fifth-round pick in the [[2010 NFL Draft]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/patriots_acquir.html|title=Patriots acquire TE Smith from Buccaneers|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-04-30|accessdate=2009-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/05/pats_shipped_20.html|title=Pats shipped 2010 fifth-rounder for Smith|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-05-03|accessdate=2009-05-03}}</ref> Smith was released by the Patriots during roster cutdowns on September 5,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/09/alex_smith_rele.html|title=Alex Smith released|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-09-05|accessdate=2009-09-05}}</ref> while Lewis was released two days later.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/09/greg_lewis_rele.html|title=WR Greg Lewis released|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-09-07|accessdate=2009-09-07}}</ref>

On August 6, the Patriots acquired defensive end [[Derrick Burgess]] from the [[Oakland Raiders]] in exchange for third- and fifth-round selections in the 2010 NFL Draft. The Patriots, without a fifth-round selection at the time, originally sent a fourth-round pick to the Raiders with the condition it would become a fifth-round pick once the team acquired one.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/08/burgess_trade_t.html|title=Burgess trade terms|work=Boston.com Reiss' Pieces|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-08-06|accessdate=2009-08-07}}</ref> A fifth-round pick was then acquired in the Le Kevin Smith trade and sent to the Raiders instead of the fourth-round selection.<ref name="Smith" />

During final roster cutdowns, on September 5, the Patriots acquired tight end [[Michael Matthews (American football)|Michael Matthews]] from the [[New York Giants]] in exchange for a conditional draft choice in the 2011 NFL Draft.<ref name="Matthews" /> He was waived on October 20; the condition for the trade was not met, meaning the Patriots did not surrender their draft choice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bostonherald.com/blogs/sports/rap_sheet/index.php/2009/10/20/bill-belichick-on-joey-galloways-release-we-moved-on-on-that-one-it-just-didnt-work-out/#more-4250|title=Bill Belichick on Joey Galloway’s release: “We moved on on that one… It just didn’t work out.”|work=[[Boston Herald]]|first=Ian|last=Rapoport|date=2009-10-20|accessdate=2009-10-20}}</ref>

On September 22, in the third week of the season, the Patriots acquired linebacker [[Prescott Burgess]] from the [[Baltimore Ravens]] in exchange for a conditional seventh-round draft choice.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/extra_points/2009/09/pats_trade_for.html|title=Pats trade for LB Burgess|work=Boston.com Extra Points|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-09-22|accessdate=2009-09-22}}</ref> He was waived by the Patriots six days later. Since the trade was conditioned on Burgess being active for a certain number of games, and since Burgess was inactive in the only game for which he was with the Patriots, the Patriots kept the pick.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/extra_points/2009/09/patriots_sign_d.html|title=Patriots sign DT Terdell Sands, release LB Prescott Burgess|work=Boston.com Extra Points|first=Christopher L.|last=Gasper|date=2009-09-28|accessdate=2009-09-28}}</ref>

===2009 NFL Draft===
{{Main|2009 NFL Draft}}

The Patriots traded their original fifth-round selection (#159 overall) to the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] in exchange for wide receiver [[Greg Lewis (wide receiver)|Greg Lewis]] and a seventh-round pick in the [[2010 NFL Draft]].<ref name="Reiss"/><ref name="Bowen"/>

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|+ 2009 New England Patriots Draft Selections
! Round !! Overall !! Player !! Position !! College
|-
|2<ref name="ChiefsTrade">The Patriots traded [[Matt Cassel]] and [[Mike Vrabel]] to the [[Kansas City Chiefs]] for the Chiefs' second-round pick (#34 overall). [http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/02/trade_details_3.html Boston.com summary]</ref>|| 34 || [[Pat Chung]] || [[Safety (American football position)|Safety]] || [[Oregon Ducks football|Oregon]]
|-
|2<ref name="RaidersTrade">The Patriots traded second-, fourth-, and sixth-round picks (#47, #124, and #199 overall) to the [[Oakland Raiders]] for the Raiders' second-round pick (#40 overall). The Patriots received the #47 overall pick with a 2008 fifth-round pick in a trade with the [[San Diego Chargers]] for the Patriots' 2008 third-round pick. The Patriots received the third-round pick in a trade with the [[Oakland Raiders]] in which the Raiders traded their 2008 third-round pick and 2007 seventh-round pick for the Patriots' third-round pick in 2007. [http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/patriots_trade_1.html Boston.com summary]</ref>|| 40 || [[Ron Brace]] || [[Defensive tackle]] || [[Boston College Eagles football|Boston College]]
|-
|2<ref name="PackersTrade">The Patriots traded first- and fifth-round picks (#26 and #162 overall) to the [[Green Bay Packers]] for the Packers' second-round selection (#41 overall) and third-round selections (#73 and #83 overall). The Patriots received the first- and fifth-round picks (#26 and #162 overall) in a trade with the [[Baltimore Ravens]] for the Patriots' 2009 first-round selection (#23 overall). [http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/trade_details_4.html Boston.com summary]</ref>|| 41 || [[Darius Butler]] || [[Cornerback]] || [[Connecticut Huskies football|Connecticut]]
|-
|2 || 58 || [[Sebastian Vollmer]] || [[Offensive tackle]] || [[Houston Cougars football|Houston]]
|-
|3<ref name="PackersTrade" />|| 83 || [[Brandon Tate]] || [[Wide receiver]] || [[North Carolina Tar Heels football|North Carolina]]
|- bgcolor=#ccccaa |
|3 || 97 || [[Tyrone McKenzie]] || [[Linebacker]] || [[South Florida Bulls football|South Florida]]
|-
|4<ref name="RavensTrade">The Patriots traded fifth-round picks (#137 and #141 overall) to the [[Baltimore Ravens]] for fourth- and sixth-round selections (#123 and #198 overall). The Patriots received the #137 and #141 overall picks in a trade with the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] for [[Ellis Hobbs]]. [http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/patriots_trade_3.html Boston.com summary]</ref>|| 123 || [[Rich Ohrnberger]] || [[Offensive guard]] || [[Penn State Nittany Lions football|Penn State]]
|- bgcolor=#ccccaa |
|5 || 170 || [[George Bussey]] || Offensive guard || [[Louisville Cardinals football|Louisville]]
|-
|6<ref name="RavensTrade" />|| 198 || [[Jake Ingram]] || [[Long snapper]] || [[Hawaii Warriors football|Hawaii]]
|- bgcolor=#ccccaa |
|6 || 207 || [[Myron Pryor]] || Defensive tackle || [[Kentucky Wildcats football|Kentucky]]
|-
|7<ref name="JagsTrade">The Patriots traded a third-round selection (#73 overall) to the [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] for the Jaguars' 2010 second-round pick and 2009 seventh-round pick (#232 overall). The Patriots received the #73 overall pick with a third-round pick (#83 overall) and a second-round pick (#41 overall) in a trade with the [[Green Bay Packers]] for the Patriots' 2009 first- and fifth-round picks (#26 and #162 overall). (The Patriots received the first- and fifth-round picks (#26 and #162 overall) in a trade with the [[Baltimore Ravens]] for the Patriots' 2009 first-round selection (#23 overall). [http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/reiss_pieces/2009/04/trade_terms.html Boston.com summary]</ref>|| 232 || [[Julian Edelman]] || [[Wide receiver]] || [[Kent State Golden Flashes football|Kent State]]
|-
|7 || 234 || [[Darryl Richard]] || Defensive tackle || [[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech]]
|-
|}
{|class=wikitable
|-
|bgcolor=#ccccaa width="20 em"|
|[[compensatory selection]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|+ 2009 New England Patriots Draft Day Trades
! Round !! Overall !! Team !! Received
|-
| 1 || 23 || to [[Baltimore Ravens]] || Received Baltimore's first-round pick and fifth-round pick (26 and 162 overall)
|-
| 1 || 26 || rowspan="2" | to [[Green Bay Packers]] ||rowspan="2"| Received Green Bay's second-round pick (41 overall) and third-round picks (73 and 83 overall)
|-
| 5 || 162
|-
| 2 || 47 || rowspan="3" | to [[Oakland Raiders]] ||rowspan="3"| Received Oakland's second-round pick (40 overall)
|-
| 4 || 124
|-
| 6 || 199
|-
| 3 || 73 || to [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] || Received Jacksonville's seventh-round pick (232 overall) and 2010 second-round pick
|-
| 3 || 89 || to [[Tennessee Titans]] || Received Tennessee's 2010 second-round pick
|-
| colspan="2" | [[Ellis Hobbs]] || to [[Philadelphia Eagles]] || Received Philadelphia's fifth-round picks (137 and 141 overall)
|-
| 5 || 137 || rowspan="2" | to Baltimore Ravens ||rowspan="2"| Received Baltimore's fourth-round pick and sixth-round pick (123 and 198 overall)
|-
| 5 || 141
|-
|}

==Staff==
{| class="toccolours" style="text-align: left;"
|-
! colspan="7" style="background-color: #0d254c; color: #d6d6d6; text-align: center;"|'''New England Patriots 2009 staff'''
|-
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Front Office'''
*Chairman/CEO – [[Robert Kraft]]
*President – [[Jonathan Kraft]]
*Senior Football Advisor – [[Floyd Reese]]
*Director of Player Personnel – [[Nick Caserio]]
*Director of College Scouting – [[Jon Robinson]]
*Director of Pro Personnel – [[Jason Licht]]
*Assistant Director of Pro Personnel – [[Bob Quinn (American football)|Bob Quinn]]
*Football Research Director – [[Ernie Adams]]

'''Head Coaches'''
*Head Coach – [[Bill Belichick]]
*Assistant Head Coach/Offensive Line – [[Dante Scarnecchia]]

'''Offensive Coaches'''
*Quarterbacks – [[Bill O'Brien (American football)|Bill O'Brien]]
*Running Backs – [[Ivan Fears]]
*Wide Receivers – [[Chad O'Shea]]
*Tight Ends – [[Shane Waldron]]
*Coaching Assistant – [[Brian Ferentz]]
|width="35"| 
|valign="top"|
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" |
'''Defensive Coaches'''
*Defensive Coordinator – [[Dean Pees]]
*Defensive Line – [[Pepper Johnson]]
*Linebackers – [[Matt Patricia]]
*Defensive Backs – [[Josh Boyer]]
*Coaching Assistant – [[Patrick Graham (American football)|Patrick Graham]]

'''Special Teams Coaches'''
*Special Teams – [[Scott O'Brien]]
*Coaching Assistant – [[Brian Flores]]

'''Strength and Conditioning'''
*Strength and Conditioning – [[Mike Woicik]]
*Assistant Strength and Conditioning – [[Harold Nash]]
</div>
|}

==Opening training camp roster==
As of the Patriots' first training camp practice at [[Gillette Stadium]] on July 30, they had the NFL maximum of 80 players signed to their roster (injured third-round pick [[Tyrone McKenzie]], who was not signed until after training camp began, did not count against that limit until his signing). Additionally, rookies Eric Kettani and Tyree Barnes were on the Reserve/Military list and did not count against the limit.

{| class="toccolours" style="text-align: left;"
|-
! colspan="9" style="background-color: #0d254c; color: #d6d6d6; text-align: center;"|'''New England Patriots 2009 opening training camp roster'''
|-
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Quarterbacks'''
* 12 [[Tom Brady]]
*  7 [[Matt Gutierrez]]
*  8 [[Brian Hoyer]] UR
*  5 [[Kevin O'Connell (American football)|Kevin O'Connell]]

'''Running Backs'''
* 33 [[Kevin Faulk]] PR
* 42 [[BenJarvus Green-Ellis]]
* 39 [[Laurence Maroney]]
* 34 [[Sammy Morris]]
* 21 [[Fred Taylor (American football)|Fred Taylor]]

'''Wide Receivers'''
* 88 [[Sam Aiken]]
* 11 [[Julian Edelman]] R
* 13 [[Joey Galloway]]
* 17 [[Greg Lewis (wide receiver)|Greg Lewis]]
* 81 [[Randy Moss]]
* 10 [[Terrence Nunn]] UR
* 18 [[Matthew Slater]] S/KR
* 41 [[Ray Ventrone]] S
* 83 [[Wes Welker]]
* 16 [[Shun White]] UR

'''Tight Ends'''
* 87 [[Chris Baker (tight end)|Chris Baker]]
* 85 [[Tyson DeVree]]
* 80 [[Alex Smith (tight end)|Alex Smith]]
* 86 [[David Thomas (American football)|David Thomas]]
* 84 [[Benjamin Watson]]
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Offensive Linemen'''
* 65 [[Wesley Britt]] T
* 66 [[George Bussey]] G R
* 63 [[Dan Connolly (American football)|Dan Connolly]] G/C
* 71 [[Russ Hochstein]] C/G
* 60 [[Al Johnson (American football)|Al Johnson]] C
* 77 [[Nick Kaczur]] T
* 67 [[Dan Koppen]] C
* 72 [[Matt Light]] T
* 70 [[Logan Mankins]] G
* 61 [[Stephen Neal]] G
* 68 [[Ryan O'Callaghan]] T
* 76 [[Sebastian Vollmer]] T R
* 69 [[Ryan Wendell]] G/C
* 74 [[Billy Yates (American football)|Billy Yates]] G/C

'''Defensive Linemen'''
* 62 [[Titus Adams]] DT
* 95 [[Tully Banta-Cain]] DE/OLB
* 92 [[Ron Brace]] DT R
* 97 [[Jarvis Green]] DE
* 91 [[Myron Pryor]] DT R
* 93 [[Richard Seymour]] DE
* 90 [[Le Kevin Smith]] DE
* 75 [[Vince Wilfork]] DT
* 76 [[Steve Williams (American football)|Steve Williams]] DT
* 99 [[Mike Wright]] DT
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Linebackers'''
* 52 [[Eric Alexander (American football)|Eric Alexander]] OLB
* 54 [[Tedy Bruschi]] ILB
* 50 [[Vinny Ciurciu]] ILB
* 59 [[Gary Guyton]] OLB
* 46 [[Paris Lenon]] OLB
* 51 [[Jerod Mayo]] ILB
* 49 [[Vince Redd]] OLB
* 96 [[Adalius Thomas]] OLB
* 58 [[Pierre Woods]] OLB

'''Defensive Backs'''
* 23 [[Leigh Bodden]] CB
* 28 [[Darius Butler]] CB R
* 25 [[Pat Chung]] SS R
* 27 [[Herana-Daze Jones]] FS
* 30 [[Brandon McGowan]] FS
* 31 [[Brandon Meriweather]] SS
* 35 [[Mike I. Richardson|Mike Richardson]] CB
* 36 [[James Sanders (American football)|James Sanders]] FS
* 22 [[Terrence Wheatley]] CB
* 24 [[Jonathan Wilhite]] CB
* 26 [[Tank Williams]] SS

'''Special Teams'''
*  3 [[Stephen Gostkowski]] K
*  6 [[Chris Hanson]] P
* 48 [[Nathan Hodel]] LS
* 47 [[Jake Ingram]] LS R
*  1 [[Tom Malone (American football)|Tom Malone]] P
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Reserve Lists'''
* ''15 [[Tyree Barnes]] WR'' (Military) UR
* 98 [[Shawn Crable]] OLB (Active/PUP) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''44 [[Eric Kettani]] FB'' (Military) UR
* 64 [[Mark LeVoir]] OT (Active/PUP) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* 62 [[Rich Ohrnberger]] G/C (Active/PUP) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''91 [[Jermail Porter]] OT'' (Waived/Injured) UR [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* 69 [[Darryl Richard]] DT (Active/PUP) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* 29 [[Shawn Springs]] CB (Active/NF-Inj.) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* 19 [[Brandon Tate]] WR (Active/NF-Inj.) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* 94 [[Ty Warren]] DE (Active/PUP) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]

 
'''Unsigned Draft Picks'''
* ''53 [[Tyrone McKenzie]] ILB'' R

 
'''Notations'''
* R: [[2009 NFL Draft|2009 Rookie]]
* UR: 2009 [[Undrafted sportsperson|Undrafted Rookie]]
* ''Italicized players are not on the 80-man roster.''

|-
|}

==Schedule==
===Preseason===
All games were seen locally on [[WBZ-TV]] in Boston, but the Redskins game was not limited to the Patriots' coverage area - it was seen nationally on the CBS network.

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! Week || Kickoff || width="15%" | Date || Opponent || Result || Record || Game Site || TV || width="8%" | NFL.com Recap
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 1 || 7:30 PM [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] || August 13, 2009 || [[2009 Philadelphia Eagles season|Philadelphia Eagles]] || '''W''' 27–25 ||align="center"| 1–0 || [[Lincoln Financial Field]] || [[WBZ-TV|WBZ]] || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/recap?game_id=54725&displayPage=tab_recap&season=2009&week=PRE1 Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 2 || 7:30 PM EDT || August 20, 2009 || [[2009 Cincinnati Bengals season|Cincinnati Bengals]] || '''L''' 6–7 ||align="center"| 1–1 || [[Gillette Stadium]] || WBZ || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/recap?game_id=54741&displayPage=tab_recap&season=2009&week=PRE2 Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 3 || 8:00 PM EDT || August 28, 2009 || [[2009 Washington Redskins season|Washington Redskins]] || '''W''' 27–24 ||align="center"| 2–1 || [[FedExField]] || [[NFL on CBS|CBS]] || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009082850/2009/PRE3/patriots@redskins/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 4 || 7:30 PM EDT || September 3, 2009 || [[2009 New York Giants season|New York Giants]] || '''W''' 38–27 ||align="center"| 3–1 || Gillette Stadium || WBZ || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009090354/2009/PRE4/giants@patriots Recap]
|}

===Regular season===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! Week || Kickoff || width="15%" | Date || Opponent || Result || Record || Game Site || TV || width="8%" | NFL.com Recap
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 1 || 7:00 PM [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] || September 14, 2009 || [[2009 Buffalo Bills season|Buffalo Bills]]† || '''W''' 25–24 ||align="center"| 1–0 || Gillette Stadium || [[Monday Night Football|ESPN]]{{ref label|simulcast|a|a}} || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009091400/2009/REG1/bills@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 2 || 1:00 PM EDT || September 20, 2009 || [[2009 New York Jets season|New York Jets]] || '''L''' 9–16 ||align="center"| 1–1 || [[Giants Stadium]] || [[NFL on CBS|CBS]] || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009092005/2009/REG2/patriots@jets/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 3 || 1:00 PM EDT || September 27, 2009 || [[2009 Atlanta Falcons season|Atlanta Falcons]] || '''W''' 26–10 ||align="center"| 2–1 || Gillette Stadium || [[NFL on Fox|Fox]] || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009092705/2009/REG3/falcons@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 4 || 1:00 PM EDT || October 4, 2009 || [[2009 Baltimore Ravens season|Baltimore Ravens]] || '''W''' 27–21 ||align="center"| 3–1 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009100406/2009/REG4/ravens@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 5 || 4:15 PM EDT || October 11, 2009 || [[2009 Denver Broncos season|Denver Broncos]]† || '''L''' 17–20 (OT) ||align="center"| 3–2 || [[Invesco Field at Mile High]] || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009101110/2009/REG5/patriots@broncos/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 6 || 4:15 PM EDT || October 18, 2009 || [[2009 Tennessee Titans season|Tennessee Titans]]† || '''W''' 59–0 ||align="center"| 4–2 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009101810/2009/REG6/titans@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 7 || 1:00 PM EDT || October 25, 2009 || [[2009 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season|Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] || '''W''' 35–7 ||align="center"| 5–2 || [[Wembley Stadium]] ([[London]], [[England]]) || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009102506/2009/REG7/patriots@buccaneers/recap Recap]
|- align="center"
| 8 ||colspan="8" align="center"| ''[[Bye (sports)|Bye]]''
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 9 || 1:00 PM EST || November 8, 2009 || [[2009 Miami Dolphins season|Miami Dolphins]] || '''W''' 27–17 ||align="center"| 6–2 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009110805/2009/REG9/dolphins@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 10 || 8:20 PM EST || November 15, 2009 || [[2009 Indianapolis Colts season|Indianapolis Colts]] || '''L''' 34–35 ||align="center"| 6–3 || [[Lucas Oil Stadium]] || [[NBC Sunday Night Football|NBC]] ||[http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009111512/2009/REG10/patriots@colts/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 11 || 4:15 PM EST|| November 22, 2009 || [[2009 New York Jets season|New York Jets]] || '''W''' 31–14 ||align="center"| 7–3 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009112211/2009/REG11/jets@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 12 ||8:30 PM EST || November 30, 2009 || [[2009 New Orleans Saints season|New Orleans Saints]] || '''L''' 17–38 ||align="center"| 7–4 || [[Louisiana Superdome]] || ESPN{{ref label|simulcast|a|a}} || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009113000/2009/REG12/patriots@saints/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 13 || 1:00 PM EST<ref>Game moved from 8:15 PM on NBC to 1:00 on CBS under NFL "flex scheduling" rules – {{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4671028/pats-dolphins-game-moved-to-1-p-m |title=Pats-Dolphins game moved to 1 p.m.|work=ESPNBoston.com |first=Mike |last=Reiss |date=2009-11-24 |accessdate=2009-11-24}}</ref>|| December 6, 2009 || [[2009 Miami Dolphins season|Miami Dolphins]]† || '''L''' 21–22 ||align="center"| 7–5 || [[LandShark Stadium]] || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009120613/2009/REG13/patriots@dolphins/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 14 || 1:00 PM EST|| December 13, 2009 || [[2009 Carolina Panthers season|Carolina Panthers]] || '''W''' 20–10 ||align="center"| 8–5 || Gillette Stadium || Fox || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009121308/2009/REG14/panthers@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 15 || 1:00 PM EST|| December 20, 2009 || [[2009 Buffalo Bills season|Buffalo Bills]] || '''W''' 17–10 ||align="center"| 9–5 || [[Ralph Wilson Stadium]] || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009122001/2009/REG15/patriots@bills/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
|align="center"| 16 || 1:00 PM EST|| December 27, 2009 || [[2009 Jacksonville Jaguars season|Jacksonville Jaguars]] || '''W''' 35–7 ||align="center"| 10–5 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2009122706/2009/REG16/jaguars@patriots/recap Recap]
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| 17 || 1:00 PM EST|| January 3, 2010 || [[2009 Houston Texans season|Houston Texans]] || '''L''' 27–34 ||align="center"| 10–6 || [[Reliant Stadium]] || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2010010305/2009/REG17/patriots@texans/recap Recap]
|}
:{{note label|simulcast|a|a}} Simulcast on [[WCVB-TV]] and [[WMUR-TV]].

†These four games were among the 16 that the NFL designated as "AFL Legacy Games" in honor of the 50th anniversary of the [[American Football League]]. The Patriots wore their [[throwback uniform]]s during those four games, as did the Bills, Broncos, and Titans (originally the [[Houston Oilers]]). (The Dolphins, not one of the original AFL teams having joined the league only in 1966, wore their standard uniforms.)

==Week 1 roster==
{| class="toccolours" style="text-align: left;"
|-
! colspan="9" style="background-color: #0d254c; color: #d6d6d6; text-align: center;"|'''New England Patriots 2009 Week 1 roster'''
|-
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Quarterbacks'''
* 12 [[Tom Brady]]
*  8 [[Brian Hoyer]] UR

'''Running Backs'''
* 33 [[Kevin Faulk]]
* 42 [[BenJarvus Green-Ellis]]
* 39 [[Laurence Maroney]] KR
* 34 [[Sammy Morris]]
* 21 [[Fred Taylor (American football)|Fred Taylor]]

'''Wide Receivers'''
* 88 [[Sam Aiken]]
* 11 [[Julian Edelman]] R
* 13 [[Joey Galloway]]
* 81 [[Randy Moss]]
* 18 [[Matthew Slater]]
* 83 [[Wes Welker]] PR

'''Tight Ends'''
* 86 [[Chris Baker (tight end)|Chris Baker]]
* 80 [[Michael Matthews (American football)|Michael Matthews]]
* 84 [[Benjamin Watson]]
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Offensive Linemen'''
* 63 [[Dan Connolly (American football)|Dan Connolly]] G/C
* 77 [[Nick Kaczur]] T
* 67 [[Dan Koppen]] C
* 72 [[Matt Light]] T
* 70 [[Logan Mankins]] G
* 61 [[Stephen Neal]] G
* 60 [[Rich Ohrnberger]] G/C R
* 71 [[Kendall Simmons]] G
* 76 [[Sebastian Vollmer]] T R
* 69 [[Ryan Wendell]] C/G

'''Defensive Linemen'''
* 95 [[Tully Banta-Cain]] DE/OLB
* 92 [[Ron Brace]] DT R
* 55 [[Derrick Burgess]] DE/OLB
* 97 [[Jarvis Green]] DE
* 91 [[Myron Pryor]] DT R
* 94 [[Ty Warren]] DE
* 75 [[Vince Wilfork]] DT
* 99 [[Mike Wright]] DT
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Linebackers'''
* 52 [[Eric Alexander (American football)|Eric Alexander]] ILB
* 59 [[Gary Guyton]] OLB
* 51 [[Jerod Mayo]] ILB
* 50 [[Rob Ninkovich]] OLB/DE
* 96 [[Adalius Thomas]] OLB
* 58 [[Pierre Woods]] OLB

'''Defensive Backs'''
* 23 [[Leigh Bodden]] CB
* 28 [[Darius Butler]] CB R
* 25 [[Pat Chung]] SS R
* 38 [[Bret Lockett]] SS UR
* 30 [[Brandon McGowan]] FS
* 31 [[Brandon Meriweather]] SS
* 36 [[James Sanders (American football)|James Sanders]] FS
* 29 [[Shawn Springs]] CB
* 22 [[Terrence Wheatley]] CB
* 24 [[Jonathan Wilhite]] CB

'''Special Teams'''
*  3 [[Stephen Gostkowski]] K
*  6 [[Chris Hanson]] P
* 47 [[Jake Ingram]] LS R
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Reserve Lists'''
* ''15 [[Tyree Barnes]] WR'' (Military) UR
* ''66 [[George Bussey]] T/G'' (IR) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''98 [[Shawn Crable]] OLB'' (IR) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''44 [[Eric Kettani]] FB'' (Military) UR
* ''64 [[Mark LeVoir]] OT'' (PUP) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''53 [[Tyrone McKenzie]] ILB'' (IR) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''19 [[Brandon Tate]] WR'' (NF-Inj.) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''35 [[Chris Taylor (American football)|Chris Taylor]] RB'' (IR) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''16 [[Shun White]] WR'' (Military) UR

 
'''Practice Squad'''
* ''62 [[Titus Adams]] DT''
* ''85 [[Robbie Agnone]] TE'' UR
* ''68 [[Patrick Brown (American football)|Patrick Brown]] OT'' UR
* ''65 [[Adrian Grady]] DT'' UR
* ''10 [[Terrence Nunn]] WR'' UR
* ''90 [[Darryl Richard]]'' DT'' R
* '' 9 [[Isaiah Stanback]] QB/WR''
* ''27 [[DeAngelo Willingham]] CB'' UR

 
'''Notations'''
* R: [[2009 NFL Draft|2009 Rookie]]
* UR: 2009 [[Undrafted sportsperson|Undrafted Rookie]]
* ''Italicized players are not on the 53-man roster.''

|-
|}

==Regular season results==
===Week 1: vs. Buffalo Bills===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Bills
|R1=7||R2=7||R3=3||R4=7
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=0||H2=10||H3=0||H4=15
|stadium= [[Gillette Stadium]], [[Foxborough, Massachusetts]]
|time= 7:00 p.m. [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]]
|weather= {{convert|70|°F|°C}}, clear and warm
|TV=[[ESPN Monday Night Football|ESPN]]{{ref label|simulcast|a|a}} |TVAnnouncers= [[Mike Tirico]] ([[play-by-play]]), [[Ron Jaworski]] and [[Jon Gruden]] ([[color commentator]]s), and [[Suzy Kolber]] ([[sideline reporter]])
|referee= [[Scott Green (American football official)|Scott Green]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
In the first game of a [[ESPN Monday Night Football]] opening doubleheader, the Patriots faced the Bills at home in an [[American Football League]] "legacy game" honoring the 50th anniversary of the founding of AFL, which added ten teams to the NFL as part of the 1970 [[AFL–NFL merger]]. As two of the eight founding teams of the AFL, the Bills and Patriots celebrated their 50th anniversaries by wearing throwback uniforms from the AFL era, while the officials also wore red-striped uniforms such as those worn by AFL officials. Following a Patriots three-and-out to open the game, the Bills punted to give the Patriots the ball at their own 17-yard line. Nine players later, the Patriots were unable to convert on third down, setting kicker [[Stephen Gostkowski]] up for a 41-yard field goal try. He missed it wide right, giving the Bills the ball at their own 32-yard line. Bills quarterback [[Trent Edwards]] scrambled for 16 yards to move the Bills into Patriots territory before a [[Fred Jackson (American football)|Fred Jackson]] run gained another 16 yards. Jackson was filling in for suspended starter [[Marshawn Lynch]]; Patriots linebacker and 2008 [[National Football League Rookie of the Year Award|Defensive Rookie of the Year]] [[Jerod Mayo]] suffered a sprained [[Medial collateral ligament|MCL]] on the play and did not return. The next play, a dump-off pass to Jackson, gained 21 yards and put the Bills in the red zone. Two plays later, Edwards hit rookie tight end [[Shawn Nelson (American football)|Shawn Nelson]] for an 11-yard touchdown, giving the Bills a 7–0 lead. The Patriots next drive was a three-and-out, ending on an [[Aaron Schobel]] sack of quarterback [[Tom Brady]] on third down.

The Bills punted back to the Patriots early in the second quarter, setting the table for a 14-play, 72-yard Patriots drive that culminated on a 1-yard touchdown run by running back [[Fred Taylor (American football)|Fred Taylor]] to tie the game. Despite a 16-yard dump-off to Jackson on the Bills' next drive, they punted back to the Patriots before reaching midfield. On the very next play, a Brady pass intended for running back [[Sammy Morris]] was intercepted by Schobel and returned 26 yards for a touchdown, giving the Bills a 14–7 lead. Brady was more accurate on his next possession, throwing passes of 14 yards to tight end [[Benjamin Watson]] and wide receiver [[Wes Welker]] to move into Bills territory, and then hitting wide receiver [[Randy Moss]] on a 31-yard strike within the two-minute warning. The drive stalled in the Bills' red zone, and the Patriots were forced to settle for a 20-yard Gostkowski field goal as the first half expired, cutting the Bills' lead to 14–10.

Aided by more Jackson yardage and a 15-yard roughing the passer penalty on [[Vince Wilfork]], the Bills moved close to midfield on the opening drive of the second half before punting and pinning the Patriots at their own 3-yard line. The Patriots would advance to the Bills' 36-yard line on 12 plays, but an incomplete pass on third down set up a fourth down conversion try, which failed on another incomplete pass. Three plays later, Edwards hit new target [[Terrell Owens]] for the first time in the game, good for 27 yards to put the Bills in Patriots territory. However, a run for a loss and a [[Tully Banta-Cain]] sack of Edwards set up a 3rd-and-20 situation, where the Bills failed to convert, forcing a 40-yard [[Rian Lindell]] field goal. After a punt, the Patriots began an 11-play drive that spanned into the fourth quarter, ending it on a 28-yard Gostkowski field goal that cut the Bills' lead to 17–13. The Bills responded by embarking on a 14-play, 62-yard drive that took more than six minutes off the clock and extended the Bills' lead to 24–13 on a 10-yard Jackson touchdown on a dump-off from Edwards. With 5:25 remaining in the game and down by 11 points, the Patriots shifted into their two-minute, pass-only offense, moving the ball 81 yards on 11 plays in 3:26 and scoring on an 18-yard Watson touchdown pass from Brady. The Patriots' two-point conversion try failed, keeping them within five points of the Bills.

On the ensuing kickoff, Bills second-year returner [[Leodis McKelvin]] chose to return the kickoff out of the end zone, despite having his team's onside kick return unit on the field. Safety [[Brandon Meriweather]] hit McKelvin at the Bills' 31-yard line, which allowed linebacker [[Pierre Woods]] to come in from the side and strip McKelvin of the ball. Gostkowski recovered it at the same spot. Following the two-minute warning, the Patriots offense came back out onto the field. On the third play of the drive, Brady hit Watson on a nearly-identical end zone route for a 16-yard touchdown, which was upheld by official review. The Patriots two-point attempt failed again, holding their lead to one point over the Bills. With 45 seconds remaining, the Bills began their next drive and were able to reach their own 40-yard line before another Banta-Cain sack pushed them back to the 30-yard line. The next play was a last-minute deseperation multiple-lateral play that fell short for the Bills, giving the Patriots a 25–24 win, their first victory of the season.

===Week 2: at New York Jets===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1=3||R2=6||R3=0||R4=0
|Home='''Jets'''
|H1=0||H2=3||H3=10||H4=3
|stadium= [[Giants Stadium]], [[East Rutherford, New Jersey]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. EDT
|weather= {{convert|69|°F|°C}}, clear
|TV=[[NFL on CBS|CBS]] |TVAnnouncers= [[Greg Gumbel]] (play-by-play) and [[Dan Dierdorf]] (color commentator)
|referee= [[John Parry (American football official)|John Parry]]
|attendance= 78,312
}}
Following their close home win over the Bills, the Patriots traveled to face the Jets in the final regular season matchup between the teams in [[Giants Stadium]]. In the week prior to the game, first-year Jets head coach [[Rex Ryan]] placed a phone message to all Jets season ticket holders asking them to "make it miserable for (Tom) Brady and company," following up on his comments during the offseason that he would not "kiss Bill Belichick's [[Super Bowl ring]]s." He told the Jets fans that "the Patriots had a better head coach and a better quarterback," but that the game would decide "who has a better team."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/wire?section=nfl&id=4478976|title='Hey, it's Rex': Jets coach calls fans for help|work=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=[[ESPN.com]]|date=2009-09-16|accessdate=2009-09-20}}</ref> Meanwhile, Jets safety [[Kerry Rhodes]] said the Jets intended on not just winning, but "embarrassing" the Patriots in the game, while nose tackle [[Kris Jenkins]] called it the Jets' version of the [[Super Bowl]]; the Jets had not defeated the Patriots at home since [[2000 New England Patriots season|2000]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/extra_points/2009/09/maroney_ready_f.html|title=Maroney ready for a dogfight with Jets|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|first=Julian|last=Benbow|date=2009-09-17|accessdate=2009-09-20}}</ref> On the first drive of the game, without an injured Welker, the Patriots drove to the Jets' 36-yard line before having to punt. The Jets' first play from scrimmage was a strip-sack of rookie quarterback [[Mark Sanchez]] by defensive lineman [[Mike Wright]]; Sanchez recovered the fumble at the Jets' 3-yard line. On 4th-and-24, the Jets punted back to their own 49-yard line; the Patriots could not capitalize on the field position and went three-and-out. However, Jets running back [[Leon Washington]] fumbled on the next play; cornerback [[Leigh Bodden]] recovered it at the Jets' 17-yard line. Two holding penalties would push the Patriots back to the Jets' 37-yard line, setting up a 45-yard Gostkowski field goal to give the Patriots a 3–0 lead. Following a Jets three-and-out, the Patriots moved to their own 41-yard line before Jets cornerback [[Darrelle Revis]] intercepted a pass intended for Moss at the Jets' 16-yard line. The Jets offense would continue to struggle, however, going three-and-out again to end the first quarter.

The Patriots began the second quarter with a 9-play, 53-yard drive, one that stalled at the Jets' 7-yard line; the Patriots settled for another Gostkowski field goal, extending their lead to 6–0. The Jets would pick up their initial first down of the game on their next possession, going 52 yards on 10 plays before a [[Jay Feely]] 33-yard field goal cut the Patriots' lead in half. Starting from their own 10-yard line after a holding penalty on [[Sam Aiken]] on the kickoff, the Patriots took nearly six minutes off the clock, reaching the Jets' 11-yard line before two incomplete passes by Brady prevented the Patriots scoring their first touchdown of the game. Instead, Gostkowski kicked his third field goal of the day to increase the Patriots' lead to 9–3 going into halftime. Receiving the opening kickoff of the second half due to their deferral of the opening coin toss, the Jets took the lead in barely a minute. Following a 43-yard kick return by Washington, Sanchez hit wide receiver [[Jerricho Cotchery]] for 45 yards and a play later connected with tight end [[Dustin Keller]] on a 9-yard touchdown pass. The 10–9 lead was the first for the Jets over the Patriots at home since [[2001 New England Patriots season|2001]]. After a Patriots three-and-out, punter [[Chris Hanson]]'s 30-yard punt gave the Jets the ball at the Patriots' 45-yard line. From the Patriots' 6-yard line, Sanchez appeared to throw a touchdown pass to [[Chansi Stuckey]], but the catch was overturned after the Patriots challenged. Two plays later, Feely hit his second field goal of the day to give the Jets a 13–9 lead.

The Patriots' ensuing possession reached the Jets' 35-yard line on a third down, but back-to-back delay of game penalties on Brady, an incomplete pass, and a facemask penalty on Moss on the punt backed the Patriots up to their own 40-yard line. However, Hanson's subsequent attempt was better than the first, nullified by the penalty, and the Jets began their next drive from their own 15-yard line. On a 14-play, 63-yard drive that spanned into the fourth quarter, the Jets extended their lead to 16–9 on a 39-yard Feely field goal. The Patriots started their next drive from their own 15-yard line as well, but were unable to reach midfield before punting. A Jets three-and-out gave the Patriots another opportunity with five minutes remaining, but a Watson holding penalty in the middle of the drive helped set up a 2nd-and-20 situation and eventually another punt. Just before the two-minute warning, Sanchez was sacked, but a penalty on [[BenJarvus Green-Ellis]] on the ensuing punt meant the Patriots had to start their last drive of the game from their own 10-yard line. After a [[Julian Edelman]] 18-yard reception began it, four straight incompletions ended the drive and the game. The loss dropped the Patriots to 1–1, their first such record since the [[2005 New England Patriots season|2005]] season. It also marked the first time that New England was held without a touchdown since December 10, 2006.

===Week 3: vs. Atlanta Falcons===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Falcons
|R1=3||R2=7||R3=0||R4=0
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=3||H2=10||H3=3||H4=10
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 1:00 p.m. EDT
|weather= {{convert|62|°F|°C}}, rain
|TV=[[NFL on Fox|Fox]] |TVAnnouncers= [[Joe Buck]] (play-by-play), [[Troy Aikman]] (color commentator), and [[Pam Oliver]] (sideline reporter)
|referee= [[Alberto Riveron]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Looking to avoid back-to-back losses, the Patriots returned home to face the Atlanta Falcons, missing Welker for the second straight game. The Falcons moved the ball 72 yards on their 12-play opening drive, but settled for a 26-yard [[Jason Elam]] field goal after being stopped on 3rd-and-3 from the 8-yard line. The Patriots responded with a 15-play drive of their own, beginning with a 19-yard dump-off pass to Morris. No other play on the drive would go for more than 9 yards, and the Patriots themselves were stopped short of a touchdown, with wide receiver [[Joey Galloway]] catching a pass with his foot out of bounds in the back of the end zone on what would have been a 7-yard touchdown pass. Instead, the Patriots could not reach further than the Falcons' 2-yard line and settled for a 21-yard Gostkowski field goal to tie the game. The Falcons next drive was a three-and-out that began the second quarter, with a 29-yard [[Michael Koenen]] punt and a 5-yard penalty on the Falcons giving the Patriots the ball at their own 49-yard line. After two pass attempts, Taylor had runs of 8, 19, 6, and 8 yards, with the final rush good for a touchdown and a 10–7 Patriots lead. Beginning their next drive from their own 41-yard line after a 33-yard return by [[Eric Weems]], the Falcons moved into Patriots territory on one play before an apparent strip-sack of second-quarter quarterback [[Matt Ryan]] by safety [[Brandon McGowan]]; the Falcons challenged the ruling (which included a touchdown return by cornerback [[Shawn Springs]]) and won, as Ryan's arm was going forward when he lost the ball. Another Jenkins reception, this one for 21 yards, moved the Falcons deeper into Patriots territory before running back [[Michael Turner (American football)|Michael Turner]] ran for a 2-yard touchdown that tied the game. Following a Patriots three-and-out, the Falcons again moved into Patriots territory, but a Turner fumble at the Patriots' 27-yard line, forced by McGowan, was recovered by safety [[James Sanders (American football)|James Sanders]] with just under four minutes remaining in the half. The Patriots' 12-play drive brought them into the red zone, but a dropped pass by Galloway just outside of the end zone and an incompletion to wide receiver [[Sam Aiken]] in the end zone forced a 33-yard Gostkowski field goal that gave the Patriots a 13–10 lead going into halftime.

The Patriots began where they left off at the start of the second half, embarking on a 13-play drive that entered into the red zone on a 23-yard Watson catch. However, the Patriots' offense stalled in the red zone again, with two incomplete passes to Moss setting up a 22-yard Gostkowski field goal. Ryan and Jenkins continued to connect on the Falcons' ensuing drive; a 26-yard reception put the Falcons in Patriots territory and then a 36-yard touchdown pass was nullified on a pass interference penalty on Jenkins. With a subsequent false start penalty, the Falcons were pushed back into Patriots' territory and eventually forced to punt. The Patriots next drive spanned 70 yards on 16 plays and was kept alive on a 4th-and-1 conversion from the Patriots own 24-yard line. Again, it did not involve a touchdown though, as Gostkowski kicked a 33-yard field goal to extend the Patriots' lead to 19–10 early in the fourth quarter. After an exchange of three punts, the Patriots began a 6-play drive that resulted in their first passing touchdown of the day, a 36-yard reception by tight end [[Chris Baker (tight end)|Chris Baker]] that extended the Patriots lead to 26–10; it was also Brady's 200th career touchdown pass. After a Falcons three-and-out, the Patriots held the ball for the final 6:52 of the game to seal a 26–10 victory.

===Week 4: vs. Baltimore Ravens===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Ravens
|R1=7||R2=0||R3=7||R4=7
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=3||H2=14||H3=7||H4=3
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 1:00 p.m. EDT
|weather= {{convert|64|°F|°C}}, cloudy
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= [[Jim Nantz]] (play-by-play) and [[Phil Simms]] (color commentator)
|referee= [[Ron Winter]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Coming off their win over the Falcons, the Patriots stayed at home for a Week 4 matchup against the Baltimore Ravens. The opening kickoff was fumbled by Ravens returner [[Chris Carr (American football)|Chris Carr]] and recovered by McGowan at the Ravens' 12-yard line. However, the Patriots could not capitalize on the field position, settling for a 32-yard Gostkowski field goal to give them an early 3–0 lead. The Ravens began their first drive from their own 19-yard line and advanced on a 15-play drive, capping it with a 20-yard touchdown pass from quarterback [[Joe Flacco]] to wide receiver [[Derrick Mason]]. The Patriots responded with a 14-play drive of their own, going 76 yards before Brady scored on a 1-yard quarterback sneak to re-establish a Patriots lead at 10–7. The Ravens reached midfield on their next drive with a 22-yard reception by tight end [[Todd Heap]], but the drive stalled at the Patriots' 38-yard line, setting up a punt by [[Sam Koch]] that gave the Patriots the ball at their own 9-yard line. Similarly, the Patriots reached Ravens' territory before having to punt; Hanson's punt landed in the end zone for a touchback. On the second play of the Ravens' ensuing drive, left tackle [[Jared Gaither]] injured his head falling into Flacco during a block; while he had motion in his extremities, the game was stopped for 15 minutes as Gaither was loaded onto a stretcher and taken to the hospital for tests. The Ravens' drive finished as a three-and-out. The Patriots then went 63 yards on six plays, extending their lead to 17–7 on a 12-yard touchdown run by Morris. With just under four minutes remaining in the half, the Ravens mounted a drive that reached the Patriots' 17-yard line with 1:17 left; Flacco was intercepted by Bodden to prevent the Ravens from scoring again before halftime.

The Patriots first drive of the second half was aided by a 15-yard unsportsmanlike penalty on the Ravens' bench, but the Patriots were unable to capitalize as a [[Matt Light]] holding penalty and a [[Jarret Johnson]] sack of Brady forced a punt. Starting from their own 16-yard line, the Ravens advanced to their 45-yard line before a Wright sack of Flacco set up another punt. [[Kevin Faulk]] fielded the return but fumbled; Bodden recovered the fumble for the Patriots at their own 14-yard line. On the next play, Brady dropped back and was strip-sacked from his blind side by [[Terrell Suggs]]; defensive lineman [[Dwan Edwards]] recovered the fumble for the Ravens in the end zone for a touchdown, cutting the Patriots' lead to 17–14. Brady quickly recovered, hitting passes to Taylor for 13 yards, Aiken for 26 yards, and Moss for 20 yards to put the Patriots in the Ravens' red zone. Three plays later, Brady and Moss connected for their first touchdown of the season; the 14-yard strike extended the Patriots' lead to 24–14. The Ravens had similar success on his next drive, with Flacco hitting [[Mark J. Clayton|Mark Clayton]] on a 13-yard catch, Mason on a 20-yard catch, and then running back [[Ray Rice]] breaking a 50-yard rush to put the Ravens well into Patriots territory. A few plays later, Flacco kept pace with Brady on a 13-yard touchdown pass to running back [[Willis McGahee]] to cut the Patriots' lead to 24–21. The Patriots would control the ball for the next seven minutes, reaching the Ravens' 9-yard line on a second down. After two incomplete passes, the Patriots lined up in a field goal formation but the holder, Hanson, took a quick snap and passed to Baker, who had motioned outside of the formation. Baker was tackled around the first down marker, but was called for an illegal motion on the play. The Ravens challenged the ruling of a catch and the first down spot, as they would have declined the penalty if Baker had been short. The ruling was upheld and the Patriots took a 27–21 lead on a 33-yard Gostkowski field goal. After an exchange of three-and-outs, the Ravens mounted a drive with 3:32 left, reaching the Patriots' red zone with under a minute remaining. On third and fourth down, Flacco's passes fell incomplete to Mason and Clayton, ending the Ravens' hopes of a comeback. Brady then kneeled to hand the Ravens their first loss of the season and better the Patriots' record to 3–1.

===Week 5: at Denver Broncos===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1=10||R2=7||R3=0||R4=0||R5=0
|Home='''Broncos'''
|H1=0||H2=7||H3=3||H4=7||H5=3
|stadium= [[Invesco Field at Mile High]], [[Denver, Colorado]]
|time= 4:15 p.m. EDT/2:15 p.m. [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
|weather= {{convert|30|°F|°C}}, cloudy
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Jim Nantz (play-by-play) and Phil Simms (color commentator)
|referee= [[Carl Cheffers]]
|attendance= 76,011
}}
The Patriots traveled to Denver to face a fourth straight undefeated team, a stretch only matched by one other post-[[AFL-NFL merger|merger]] team (the [[1986 Philadelphia Eagles season|1986 Philadelphia Eagles]]). The game also marked the first time former Patriots assistant [[Josh McDaniels]], who became the head coach of the Broncos in 2009, faced his former team. On the first drive of the game, the Broncos advanced to the Patriots' 30-yard line before [[Matt Prater]] attempted a 48-yard field goal; he missed wide right. With field position at their own 38-yard line, the Patriots moved into the red zone on a 35-yard dump-off to Morris. Three plays later, Brady and Welker connected on their first touchdown pass of the season; the 8-yard score gave the Patriots a 7–0 lead. Three plays later, Mayo, in his first game back from his knee injury, forced a fumble of Broncos running back [[Knowshon Moreno]]; McGowan recovered it at the Broncos' 43-yard line. After a 10-yard Morris run began the Patriots' ensuing possession, they lost two yards over their next three plays, setting up a 53-yard Gostkowski field goal (a career long) that extended the Patriots' lead to 10–0. Following a Broncos three-and-out, the Patriots had a three-and-out of their own; the punt was fumbled by returner [[Eddie Royal]] but recovered by Broncos cornerback [[Jack Williams (American football)|Jack Williams]] and returned to the Broncos' 38-yard line. The Broncos then advanced into Patriots territory but were forced to punt again. This set up a Patriots drive that moved to the Broncos' 41-yard line before a failed third down conversion and an unnecessary roughness penalty on guard [[Logan Mankins]] pushed the Patriots back past midfield and forced a punt. Despite starting from their own 10-yard line with a sack, the Broncos quickly advanced into Patriots territory on [[Kyle Orton]] completions of 11, 10, and 13 yards plus a roughing the passer penalty on [[Ty Warren]]. More Orton completions resulted in an 11-yard touchdown pass to [[Brandon Marshall]] that cut the Patriots' lead to 10–7. With under five minutes remaining in the half, the Patriots mounted a 10-play, 74-yard drive, capping it off with a 7-yard touchdown pass to Watson, giving the Patriots a 17–7 lead going into halftime after Moss' first career interception on a last-second hail mary pass from Orton.

The Patriots began the second half with a three-and-out; the Broncos then moved 66 yards on 12 plays before their drive stalled at the Patriots' 6-yard line and Prater kicked a 24-yard field goal to cut the Patriots' lead to 17–10. Two plays later, Brady connected with Moss on a 36-yard pass, but the Patriots were unable to get past the Broncos' 22-yard line and there, Goskowski missed a 40-yard field goal. Following a Broncos punt, the Patriots mounted a 12-play drive that spanned into the fourth quarter; however, the drive began from the Patriots' 4-yard line and only reached the Broncos' 47-yard line, resulting in another punt. The Broncos' ensuing possession began from worse field position (the Broncos' 2-yard line) but 10 of its 12 plays were Orton passes, the last of which was another 11-yard Marshall touchdown catch that tied the game. Following two three-and-outs, the Patriots had the ball again at their own 30-yard line. The final play before the two-minute warning was a 19-yard Morris run to bring the Patriots close to midfield. Morris fumbled on his next run but tackle [[Nick Kaczur]] recovered it at the Broncos' 49-yard line. On the next play, Brady was strip-sacked by defensive lineman [[Vonnie Holliday]]; Broncos linebacker [[Elvis Dumervil]] recovered the fumble at the Patriots' 45-yard line with 1:37 remaining. However, the Broncos were forced to punt after a Banta-Cain sack and Brady kneeled to send the game into overtime.

The Patriots lost the overtime coin toss, and Gostkowski kicked off into the back of the end zone to spot the ball at the Broncos' 20-yard line. On an 11-play, 58-yard drive, the Broncos advanced to the Patriots' 22-yard line. Prater then kicked the game-winning field goal from 41 yards out to give the Broncos another win, bettering their record to 5–0 and dropping the Patriots to 3–2.

===Week 6: vs. Tennessee Titans===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Titans
|R1=0||R2=0||R3=0||R4=0
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=10||H2=35||H3=14||H4=0
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 4:15 p.m. EDT
|weather= {{convert|39|°F|°C}}, mixed rain and snow, windy
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers=Jim Nantz (play-by-play) and Phil Simms (color commentator)
|referee= [[Gene Steratore]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
For the first time in 2009, the Patriots played a team with a loss on their record; the 0–5 Titans traveled to Foxborough to face the Patriots for an AFL Legacy game in an early season snowstorm. The Titans gained one yard on their first possession and went three-and-out; Edelman returned the 35-yard punt 35 yards to give the Patriots the ball at the Titans' 29-yard line. However, a third down sack by [[Kyle Vanden Bosch]] forced the Patriots to attempt a field goal, a 39-yarder that fell wide right. Following a Titans punt, the Patriots advanced past midfield before a 45-yard touchdown run by Maroney that gave the Patriots a 7–0 lead. After a Titans three-and-out, the Patriots moved into the red zone on a 48-yard pass from Brady to Welker, and then took a 10–0 lead on a 33-yard Gostkowski field goal. On the ensuing Titans possession, early in the second quarter, running back [[LenDale White]] fumbled at the Patriots' 41-yard line; it was recovered at the 35-yard line by cornerback [[Jonathan Wilhite]]. After crossing midfield, Brady connected with Moss on a 40-yard touchdown pass, extending the Patriots' lead to 17–0. On the next play from scrimmage, Titans quarterback [[Kerry Collins]] fumbled the snap; it was recovered by the Patriots' Wright at the Titans' 31-yard line. Two plays later, Moss caught a 28-yard touchdown pass from Brady, making the score 24–0. Three plays into the Titans' ensuing possession, Collins was intercepted by rookie cornerback [[Darius Butler]] at the Patriots' 35-yard line. Four plays later, Brady hit Faulk on a dump-off pass that went 38 yards for a touchdown. After a Titans three-and-out that ended in a 41-yard [[Reggie Hodges]] punt to the New England 21-yard line, Brady capped a 76-yard drive with a 30-yard touchdown pass to Welker immediately after the two-minute warning, giving the Patriots a 38–0 lead. The Titans went three-and-out again, but Hodges shanked the punt, which traveled only 21 yards. The subsequent 10-play, 49-yard drive ended in Welker's second touchdown, a 5-yard reception.

This gave the Patriots a 45–0 halftime lead, the largest in NFL history.<ref name="TitansNotes">{{cite web|url=http://www.patriots.com/games/index.cfm?ac=completereportsdetail&pid=39703&pcid=47&special_section=na|title=Game Notes: Patriots vs. Titans|work=New England Patriots|date=2009-10-18|accessdate=2009-10-22}}</ref> It was also Brady's fifth touchdown pass of the quarter, an NFL record.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> The 45 points scored in the half were a team record, as were the 35 points scored in the second quarter.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> Brady's 345 passing yards and five touchdowns in the half were also team records.<ref name="TitansNotes" />

Due to their deferral of the opening coin toss, the Patriots began the second half with possession. They advanced 65 yards on nine plays, with Brady throwing his sixth and final touchdown pass of the day to Moss, from 9 yards out. The six touchdowns tied a team record set by Brady in November 2007.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> The Titans moved into Patriots territory on a 48-yard run by [[Chris Johnson (running back)|Chris Johnson]], but attempted to convert a 4th-and-10 from the Patriots' 17-yard line. On the play, Collins was chased 15 yards into his own backfield by rookie defensive tackle [[Myron Pryor]]; Collins managed to complete a pass to receiver [[Nate Washington]], who fumbled and recovered it another seven yards deep. Undrafted rookie [[Brian Hoyer]] replaced Brady at quarterback and led a 12-play, 61-yard drive, ending in a 1-yard touchdown run by Hoyer to give the Patriots a 59–0 lead. Gostkowski's included extra point was his eighth of the game, tying his team record set in November 2007.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> The 59 points also set a Patriots team record, and the eight touchdowns tied another.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> [[Vince Young]] replaced Collins at quarterback for the fourth quarter, but had his first pass intercepted by rookie safety [[Pat Chung]]. The Patriots attempted on a fourth down conversion in the Titans' red zone on their ensuing possession but it failed. The Titans then advanced into Patriots territory before fullback [[Ahmard Hall]] fumbled; it was recovered by 40-year old linebacker [[Junior Seau]], who returned to the team in the days prior to the game. The Patriots' next play was a 5-yard run by Green-Ellis which gave the Patriots 599 total yards on the day, breaking the previous team record of 597 set in [[1979 New England Patriots season|1979]]. They would finish with 619 net yards;<ref name="TitansNotes" /> 426 of those were passing, tying a team record.<ref name="TitansNotes" /> Following a Titans punt, the Patriots and Titans kneeled to end the game at 59–0, improving the Patriots' record to 4–2 and keeping the Titans winless at 0–6. The 59–0 shutout tied the largest post-[[AFL–NFL merger|merger]] shutout and margin of victory with a 59–0 win by the [[Los Angeles Rams]] over the [[Atlanta Falcons]] in [[1976 NFL season|1976]].<ref name="TitansNotes" />

===Week 7: at Tampa Bay Buccaneers===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road='''Patriots'''
|R1=14||R2=7||R3=7||R4=7
|Home=Buccaneers
|H1=0||H2=7||H3=0||H4=0
|stadium= [[Wembley Stadium]], [[London|London, England]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. EDT/5:00 p.m. [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
|weather= {{convert|59|°F|°C}}, partly cloudy
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Jim Nantz (play-by-play) and Phil Simms (color commentator)
|referee= [[Jerome Boger]]
|attendance= 84,254
}}
Following their home win over the Titans, the Patriots flew to [[Wembley Stadium]] in [[London]] for the year's [[NFL International Series]] game against the winless [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]]. Five plays into the game, Buccaneers quarterback [[Josh Johnson (American football)|Josh Johnson]] was intercepted by Meriweather, who returned it 39 yards for a touchdown. On the ensuing drive, the Buccaneers advanced to the Patriots' 33-yard line before Meriweather again intercepted a Johnson pass, this time at the Patriots' 15-yard line; he returned this one 31 yards. However, the Patriots could not capitalize on the turnover and went three-and-out. Following a Buccaneers punt, the Patriots began a drive with an end-around to rookie wide receiver [[Brandon Tate]], who was active for his first NFL game after spending the first six weeks of the season on the [[Physically Unable to Perform]] list; the run went for 11 yards. Two plays later, Brady connected with Moss on a 37-yard pass, which was followed a few plays later with a 14-yard Welker touchdown reception that gave the Patriots a 14–0 lead. After a penalty on the kickoff, the Buccaneers began their next drive at their own 11-yard line and could not advance one yard before punting; the 43-yard punt was returned by Welker 24 yards. Starting from the Buccaneers' 30-yard line, the Patriots moved to the 11-yard line before Brady was intercepted by safety [[Tanard Jackson]] in the end zone early in the second quarter.

Following a Buccaneers three-and-out, Brady threw a short pass to Aiken that turned into a 54-yard scoring strike, extending the Patriots lead to 21–0. After another Buccaneers punt, Brady was intercepted by [[Aqib Talib]] on a deep pass intended for [[Brandon Tate]]; Talib returned it to the Buccaneers' 41-yard line. The 0–6 Buccaneers could not cross midfield though, and were forced into another three-and-out. On a 4th-and-2 from their own 46-yard line, the Patriots attempted a fake punt that was negated by a false start on Mankins; this set up a 26-yard Hanson punt. With less than three minutes remaining in the half, the Buccaneers drove into Patriots territory and then completed two passes to wide receiver [[Antonio Bryant]]; the second went for 33 yards and a touchdown, cutting the Patriots' lead to 21–7. The Patriots could not advance the ball on their ensuing drive and punted; two plays later, on the final play of the half, Butler intercepted Johnson at the Patriots' 11-yard line.

The Patriots began the second half with a 10-play, 73-yard drive that was capped off with a 35-yard touchdown pass to Watson from Brady. After an exchange of punts, the Buccaneers embarked on a drive that extended into Patriots territory but stalled at the 37-yard line, resulting in a punt. This was followed by two more three-and-outs, before early in the fourth quarter the Patriots completed a 10-play, 89-yard drive with a 1-yard Maroney touchdown run, increasing the Patriots' lead to 35–7. After another Buccaneers punt, the Patriots advanced past midfield before punting after the two-minute warning. On an ensuing 4th-and-7 conversion attempt, Johnson was strip-sacked by [[Derrick Burgess]] to set up two Patriots kneeldowns to end the game. The Patriots bettered their record to 5–2 entering their bye week, while the Buccaneers remained winless at 0–7.

===Week 9: vs. Miami Dolphins===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Dolphins
|R1=3||R2=7||R3=7||R4=0
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=7||H2=9||H3=8||H4=3
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|65|°F|°C}}, sunny and pleasant
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Greg Gumbel (play-by-play) and Dan Dierdorf (color commentator)
|referee= [[Mike Carey (American football)|Mike Carey]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Coming off their bye week, the Patriots returned home to face the Dolphins for the first time in the season. On the third play of the game, Brady attempted a deep pass to Moss; it was intercepted by rookie cornerback [[Vontae Davis]] at the Dolphins' 7-yard line and returned 15 yards. Six plays later, the Dolphins moved into Patriots territory on a 21-yard catch by tight end [[Joey Haynos]] from [[Chad Henne]]; after the catch, McGowan forced Haynos to fumble, but the ball went out of bounds at the spot of the catch, the Patriots' 39-yard line. On the next play, Henne appeared to have been strip-sacked by Banta-Cain, with linebacker [[Adalius Thomas]] returning it 59 yards for a touchdown. However, the Dolphins challenged that Henne's arm was moving forward and it was an incomplete pass and the play was reversed. Three plays later, a [[Dan Carpenter]] 52-yard field goal gave the Dolphins a 3–0 lead. The Patriots began their next drive at their own 37-yard line after offensive lineman [[Dan Connolly (American football)|Dan Connolly]] returned a short kickoff 16 yards. A few plays later, Brady connected with Moss on a 36-yard pass to the Dolphins' 1-yard line; Maroney then ran for a 1-yard touchdown to give the Patriots a 7–3 lead. On the ensuing possession, Henne found his other tight end, [[Anthony Fasano]] on a 20-yard strike to move into Patriots territory, but a "Wildcat" formation run by [[Ricky Williams]] for a loss and a sack by Chung moved the Dolphins out of field goal territory and forced a punt. The Patriots advanced to the Dolphins' 42-yard line on their next drive before punting on the final play of the first quarter.

Following a Dolphins three-and-out, the Patriots began an 11-play, 49-yard drive that reached the Dolphins' 11-yard line on first down before a short pass, and incompletion, and sack led to a Gostkowski field goal; the 30-yarder put the Patriots ahead 10–3. The Dolphins introduced rookie quarterback [[Pat White (American football)|Pat White]] on their next drive, employing him as part of an [[option offense]] that first had White run for a 33-yard gain and later in the drive had White option to Williams for a 15-yard touchdown run, tying the game. Following a 34-yard punt return by Tate, the Patriots quickly moved back into Dolphins territory on completions of 14 yards to Faulk and 23 yards to Watson. However, a Watson pass interference penalty on a 17-yard Faulk reception pushed the Patriots back to the Dolphins' 35-yard line. Gostkowski would later kick a 38-yard field goal to re-establish a Patriots lead at 13–10. On their next drive, the Dolphins would punt shortly after the two-minute warning, setting up a 10-play, 70-yard Patriots drive that ended the half with a 34-yard Gostkowski field goal after Brady was again sacked in the red zone.

With possession and down 16–10 at the start of the third quarter, the Dolphins moved downfield on a 16-play drive that lasted more than ten minutes, eventually scoring on a 1-yard touchdown catch by Haynos from running back [[Ronnie Brown]] out of the "Wildcat," giving the Dolphins a 17–16 lead. Three plays later, Brady and Moss connected on a 71-yard touchdown pass and then again on the two-point conversion to re-take the lead at 24–17. The Dolphins would continue to employ both White and the "Wildcat" on their next drive, but it resulted in a [[Brandon Fields]] punt early in the fourth quarter. An exchange of punts consumed the next six minutes of the game, with the Dolphins choosing to use all three of their timeouts to gain back possession with 3:38 left. However, three straight incompletions and a penalty set up fourth down, when Henne again was unable to complete a pass from his own 27-yard line. The Patriots re-gained possession and ran the ball three times before Gostkowski kicked a 40-yard field goal to extend the Patriots' lead to 27–17. The game would end four plays later on a 23-yard [[Greg Camarillo]] reception to the Patriots' 23-yard line. The win bettered the Patriots record to 6–2 entering their matchup with the 8–0 Colts.

===Week 10: at Indianapolis Colts===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1= 7||R2=17||R3=0||R4=10
|Home='''Colts'''
|H1= 7||H2=7||H3=0||H4=21
|stadium= [[Lucas Oil Stadium]], [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
|time= 8:20 p.m. EST
|weather= Played with roof closed, [[retractable roof]] stadium
|TV=[[NBC Sunday Night Football|NBC]] |TVAnnouncers= [[Al Michaels]] (play-by-play), [[Cris Collinsworth]] (color commentator), and [[Andrea Kremer]] (sideline reporter)
|referee= Scott Green
|attendance= 67,476
}}
For the second time in three seasons, the Patriots made a November visit to Indianapolis to face an undefeated Colts team. Both teams went three-and-out on their first possessions, setting up a Colts drive to begin from their own 10-yard line. After two 25-yard passes from [[Peyton Manning]] to tight end [[Dallas Clark]] and wide receiver [[Reggie Wayne]], the Colts moved deep into Patriots territory. On a 3rd-and-11 from the Patriots' 15-yard line, running back [[Joseph Addai]] scored on a pass from Manning, capping the 8-play, 90-yard drive. The Patriots responded with a 55-yard Moss catch from Brady four plays later, setting up a 1-yard Maroney touchdown run to tie the game at 7–7. Following a Colts punt, the Patriots began their ensuing drive with a 29-yard Faulk run to move to the Colts' 42-yard line. Nine plays later, the Patriots found themselves in a 3rd-and-goal from the Colts' 4-yard line, but Brady was sacked by defensive end [[Robert Mathis]]. Gostkowski then hit a 31-yard field goal to give the Patriots a 10–7 lead early in the second quarter. After a Colts three-and-out, it took the Patriots two plays and less than a minute to score, with Brady connecting with Moss on a 63-yard touchdown pass, extending the Patriots' lead to 17–7. The Colts faced a 3rd-and-5 on their next drive, but Manning was sacked by Mayo to force another punt. On the next play, Watson caught a 36-yard pass from Brady, setting up a 9-yard touchdown catch by Edelman, the first of the rookie's career, four plays later. Down 24–7, the Colts embarked on an 8-play, 80-yard drive, cutting the Patriots' lead to 24–14 on a 20-yard touchdown reception by Wayne. An exchange of four punts ended the first half.

Due to their deferral of the opening coin toss, the Patriots had possession to begin the second half. They advanced to the Colts' 33-yard line before a Brady pass intended for Moss was intercepted by safety [[Antoine Bethea]] at the Colts' 14-yard line and returned 19 yards. However, four plays later, Manning himself was intercepted by Bodden at the Patriots' 24-yard line; an unsportmanlike conduct penalty on Bodden moved the Patriots back to their own 12-yard line. Despite this field position, the Patriots offense moved deep into Colts territory on a series of Brady passes and Faulk runs, eventually setting up a 2nd-and-2 from the Colts' 2-yard line. On the play, Maroney attempted to push a pile into the end zone, but in the process Colts linebacker [[Philip Wheeler]] forced him to fumble; it was recovered by fellow Colts linebacker [[Gary Brackett]] in the end zone for a touchback. The Colts could not capitalize on the turnover and were forced to punt. Welker returned the punt 69 yards to the Colts' 7-yard line, the longest Patriots punt return since 2001. Two plays later, on the second play of the fourth quarter, Moss caught his second touchdown pass of the night; the 5-yard reception gave the Patriots a 31–14 lead. However, the Colts offense advanced 79 yards on five plays on their ensuing possession, cutting the Patriots' lead to 31–21 on a 29-yard touchdown catch by [[Pierre Garçon]]. The Patriots punted on the next drive, but received the ball right back after Manning was intercepted by Wilhite on the next play, setting up a Patriots drive from the Colts' 31-yard line. The Patriots moved into the red zone but stalled there and were forced to settle for a 36-yard Gostkowski field goal, extending their lead to 34–21 with 4:17 remaining in the game.

On their ensuing possession, the Colts again advanced 79 yards for a touchdown, this time on six plays, the final one being a 4-yard Addai touchdown run, reducing the Patriots' lead to six points with 2:23 left in the game. The Patriots used a timeout before their first play, and in addition to a timeout used early in the third quarter, this left them with one remaining in the game. The Patriots next two plays failed to gain first down yardage, setting up a 4th-and-2 from their own 28-yard line. The Patriots used their final timeout before deciding to attempt to convert the fourth down. On the play, Brady motioned Faulk out of the backfield into the slot out of the shotgun, and then threw a quick pass to Faulk off the snap. Faulk caught the pass with the necessary yardage falling towards the sideline before being hit by safety [[Melvin Bullitt]] and pushed back towards the line of scrimmage. However, the officials ruled that Faulk bobbled the pass and did not have possession until Bullitt had pushed him behind the first down marker; if he had caught the ball cleanly his forward progress would have given the Patriots the first down with only one Colts timeout remaining. Further, the play began before the two-minute warning, and without any timeouts, Belichick was unable to challenge the spot of the ball on the field; if the play had occurred after the two-minute warning, there would have been the possibility for a booth review.

With two minutes remaining and possession at the Patriots' 29-yard line, Manning completed a 15-yard pass to Wayne before Addai gained another 13 yards, setting up 1st-and-goal from the 1-yard line with 36 seconds left in the game. The Patriots stopped Addai on his next run, but Manning threw a 1-yard touchdown pass to Wayne on the play after that, giving the Colts a 35–34 lead with 13 seconds remaining. After the kickoff, with nine seconds remaining, Brady completed a short pass to Welker, who lateraled to Watson, who was then tackled to end the game. The Patriots dropped to 6–3 and 1–3 in road games, while the Colts remained undefeated at 9–0. It was the fifth Patriots loss to the Colts in the previous six games between the two teams.

===Week 11: vs. New York Jets===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Jets
|R1=0||R2=7||R3=7||R4=0
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=14||H2=10||H3=0||H4=7
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 4:15 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|45|°F|°C}}, cloudy and cool
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Jim Nantz (play-by-play) and Phil Simms (color commentator)
|referee= [[Jeff Triplette]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Coming off their loss to the Colts, the Patriots returned home to face the Jets, who had lost six of their last eight games after defeating the Patriots in Week 2. After an exchange of punts to begin the game, the Patriots moved into Jets territory on their second drive with a 25-yard catch by Faulk. Two plays later, Edelman fumbled a direct snap as he went in motion, but recovered his fumble, setting up a 4th-and-1. Maroney then had a 2-yard run to convert, but on the next play fumbled; this time the Jets recovered it at their own 34-yard line. Four plays later, Sanchez was intercepted by Bodden at the Patriots' 47-yard line; Bodden returned the interception 53 yards for a touchdown, giving the Patriots a 7–0 lead. The Jets went three-and-out on their ensuing possession. The Patriots then began a 9-play, 76-yard drive, ending in a 4-yard touchdown pass from Brady to Moss, extending the Patriots lead to 14–0 on the final play of the first quarter.

After another Jets punt, from their end zone after a Banta-Cain sack, the Patriots began their next drive from their own 41-yard line. Seven plays later, Maroney ran in from two yards out to give the Patriots a 21–0 lead. Following a 44-yard kickoff return by [[Dwight Lowery]], the Jets again turned the ball over, with Sanchez throwing his second interception of the game to Bodden, who returned it seven yards to the Patriots' 48-yard line. The Patriots' next drive again reached the red zone, but this time the Patriots could not score a touchdown and were forced to settle for a 26-yard Gostkowski field goal, giving the Patriots a 24–0 lead. Another Jets punt gave the Patriots the ball with just over two minutes remaining. With just under a minute left in the half, Hanson's punt attempt was blocked by [[Eric Smith (American football)|Eric Smith]] and returned four yards for a touchdown by the Jets' [[Brad Smith (American football)|Brad Smith]]. With 45 seconds remaining, the Patriots quickly advanced downfield, but a 40-yard Gostkowski field goal attempt with 15 seconds left in the half fell wide right, keeping the Patriots' lead at 24–7 going into halftime.

With possession at the start of the second half due to their deferral of the opening coin toss, the Jets moved 80 yards on 11 plays, scoring on a 29-yard pass from Sanchez to Cotchery. With a 10 point lead, the Patriots responded with an 11-play drive that reached the Jets' 49-yard line before sack eventually forced a punt. The Jets reached midfield on their next possession before punting as well, with Jets punter [[Steve Weatherford]] pinning the Patriots at their own 8-yard line. This forced another Patriots punt, on the first play of the fourth quarter, but the Patriots received the ball right back after Sanchez threw his third interception of the day, again to Bodden, at the Patriots' 26-yard line. The Patriots could not capitalize on the turnover though, and were again forced to punt. Three plays later, Sanchez threw his fourth interception of the game, this time to Meriweather, who returned it four yards to the Jets' 25-yard line. This set up an 8-play, 25-yard Patriots drive that ended in a 1-yard Maroney touchdown run, extending the Patriots' lead to 31–14. The Jets responded with a 37-yard kickoff return by [[David Clowney]] followed by a drive to the Patriots' 24-yard line. On a 1st-and-10, Sanchez was strip-sacked by Banta-Cain; the fumble was recovered by Burgess at the Patriots' 29-yard line. With 3:24 left in the game, the Patriots ran the clock down to 25 seconds before punting, giving the Jets the ball to end the game. With the 31–14 win, the Patriots improved their record to 7–3, while the Jets dropped to 4–6. Statistically, Welker had 15 catches for 192 yards on the game, second most in team history, trailing only [[Troy Brown]]'s 16 receptions in an overtime game on September 22, [[2002 New England Patriots season|2002]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patriots.com/games/index.cfm?ac=completereportsdetail&pid=40473&pcid=47&special_section=na|title=Game Notes: Patriots vs Jets|work=New England Patriots|date=2009-11-22|accessdate=2009-11-29}}</ref>

===Week 12: at New Orleans Saints===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1=7||R2=3||R3=7||R4=0
|Home='''Saints'''
|H1=3||H2=21||H3=7||H4=7
|stadium= [[Louisiana Superdome]], [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]
|time= 8:30 p.m. EST/7:30 p.m. [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|weather= Played indoors, [[dome]]d stadium
|TV=ESPN{{ref label|simulcast|a|a}} |TVAnnouncers= Mike Tirico (play-by-play), Ron Jaworski and Jon Gruden (color commentators), [[Michele Tafoya]] and [[Suzy Kolber]] (sideline reporters)
|referee= [[Pete Morelli]]
|attendance= 70,768
}}
For the second time in three weeks, the Patriots went on the road to square off against an undefeated team; the 10–0 Saints entered the game with the most points scored in the league. After the Patriots deferred the opening coin toss, the Saints returned the opening kickoff to their own 35-yard line before a 33-yard pass from [[Drew Brees]] to wide receiver [[Devery Henderson]] on the game's first play put the Saints quickly in Patriots territory. However, the Patriots defense stopped the Saints on a 3rd-and-4 from the 15-yard line, setting up a 30-yard [[John Carney (American football)|John Carney]] field goal. The Patriots responded by holding the ball for nearly eight minutes, advancing 80 yards on a 14-play drive that ended in a 4-yard touchdown run by Maroney on 4th-and-1, the second such conversion of the drive. The score put the Patriots ahead 7–3.

The Saints did not reach midfield on their next drive and punted; however, the Patriots turned the ball back over when on the ensuing play Brady was intercepted by cornerback [[Mike McKenzie (cornerback)|Mike McKenzie]], who returned it eight yards to the Saints' 41-yard line. Seven plays later, early in the second quarter, the Saints took a 10–7 lead when a Brees dump-off pass to running back [[Pierre Thomas (American football)|Pierre Thomas]] resulted in an 18-yard touchdown. The Patriots could not reach midfield on their next possession and punted. On the ensuing play, Brees connected with Henderson on a 75-yard touchdown pass that extended the Saints' lead to 17–7. The Patriots faced a 3rd-and-12 early on their next drive, but Brady threw a 33-yard pass to Aiken to move the Patriots into Saints territory. The drive stalled at the Saints' 18-yard line, forcing a 36-yard Gostkowski field goal to cut the Saints' lead to 17–10. Four plays later, Brees hit former Patriots tight end [[David Thomas (American football)|David Thomas]] on a 25-yard pass before wide receiver [[Robert Meachem]] caught a 38-yard touchdown pass to give the Saints a 24–10 lead with just under two minutes left in the half. The Patriots' offense was able to reach the Saints' 32-yard line on first down with 35 seconds left, but advanced no further, setting up a 50-yard Gostkowski field goal attempt on fourth down that fell wide left.

With possession to begin the second half, the Patriots lost it when a 6-yard pass to Maroney, the first play of the half, resulted in a fumble by Maroney at the Patriots' 26-yard line. Saints defensive tackle [[Sedrick Ellis]] recovered the fumble and returned it seven yards before he too fumbled; Welker recovered the ball for the Patriots at that spot. Later in the drive, on 3rd-and-9 from their own 42-yard line, Brady hit Aiken on a 11-yard pass to convert; on the play, Brady passed [[Drew Bledsoe]] as the Patriots' all-time passing leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patriots.com/news/index.cfm?ac=generalnewsdetail&pid=40624|title=Game Notes: Patriots at Saints|work=New England Patriots|date=2009-11-30|accessdate=2009-12-01}}</ref> Two plays later, Brady connected with Moss on a 47-yard pass down to the Saints' 2-yard line, setting up a 2-yard Maroney touchdown run that cut the Saints' lead to 24–17. However, the Saints responded on their next play with a 68-yard pass from Brees to wide receiver [[Marques Colston]], setting up a 2-yard touchdown catch by tight end [[Darnell Dinkins]] two plays later, re-establishing a 14-point Saints lead. The Patriots moved down to the Saints' 10-yard on their next drive, but attempted to convert on 4th-and-4 from that spot instead of kicking a field goal; Brady's pass attempt to Moss fell incomplete.

The Saints' next drive spanned into the fourth quarter but ended on a punt from the Saints' own 35-yard line. The Patriots fared no better, going three-and-out on their ensuing possession. The Saints continued to build a lead when Brees ended a 9-play, 75-yard drive with a 20-yard touchdown pass to Colston. Down 38–17 with under eight minutes to go, the Patriots tried to mount a drive but two plays in, Brady was intercepted by safety [[Darren Sharper]] on a deep pass; Sharper returned it 38 yards to the Patriots' 25-yard line. However, the Saints could not convert a first down and Carney missed a 37-yard field goal wide right. With 5:26 remaining in the game and down 21 points, the Patriots replaced Brady with his backup, Hoyer, on their next possession; the Patriots went three-and-out. After a Saints punt, the Patriots held the ball for the final 1:52 of the game, ending it on an 8-yard sack of Hoyer. With the loss, the Patriots dropped to 7–4 on the season, and 1–4 in road games.

===Week 13: at Miami Dolphins===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1=7||R2=7||R3=7||R4=0
|Home='''Dolphins'''
|H1=0||H2=10||H3=9||H4=3
|stadium= [[Landshark Stadium]], [[Miami Gardens, Florida]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|75|°F|°C}}, clear
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Jim Nantz (play-by-play) and Phil Simms (color commentator)
|referee= Gene Steratore
|attendance= 70,102
}}
Coming off their Monday night loss to the Saints, the Patriots traveled to Miami to face the Dolphins with a two game lead in the division. The Patriots received the ball to start the game and six plays in, converted a 3rd-and-8 to keep the drive alive. On the next play, Brady threw a 58-yard touchdown pass to Moss to take an early 7–0 lead. Brady was injured on the play and went to the locker room but returned by the next offensive snap. In the mean time, the Dolphins' first possession reached the Patriots' 42-yard line before Henne was sacked by Banta-Cain and Mayo for a loss of seven yards. On the next play, the Dolphins used White in their "pistol" formation and attempted a play action option run, but White's option toss to Ricky Williams was errant and recovered by Williams for a loss of 13 yards. Following the Dolphins' punt, the Patriots began a 13-play, 80-yard drive with 6:41 left in the first quarter and did not surrender the ball until early in the second quarter, extending their lead to 14–0 on a 6-yard Faulk draw for a touchdown. The Dolphins responded with a 10-play, 88-yard drive of their own, including a 29-yard pass to Camarillo, that ended in a 13-yard touchdown pass from Henne to [[Davone Bess]], cutting the Patriots' lead to 14–7. Despite a 16-yard Welker reception to begin the Patriots' next drive, they were forced to punt after four plays. The Dolphins again moved into Patriots territory on their ensuing possession, reaching the 49-yard line before Henne was intercepted by Meriweather at the Patriots' 19-yard line. Following a 19-yard return, a 15-yard unsportsmanlike conduct penalty on Wilfork, and a false start penalty on Watson, the Patriots' next drive began at their own 18-yard line. The Patriots quickly moved into the red zone on a 58-yard Welker catch, but on a 4th-and-1 from the 6-yard line, the Patriots tried to convert, and Morris was stopped short of the first down marker. Off the turnover and with under two minutes remaining, the Dolphins moved 83 yards on 11 plays, cutting the Patriots' halftime lead to 14–10 on a 29-yard Carpenter field goal.

The Dolphins, who had deferred the opening coin toss, chose to receive at the start of the second half but went three-and-out. On the next play (after a penalty), Brady threw a short sideline pass to Aiken, who caught the ball over the defender and proceeded to run down the sideline for an 81-yard touchdown, extending the Patriots' lead to 21–10. It was the third 50+ yard completion of the game for Brady, a career first, and the third longest completion of Brady's career. He also eclipsed 30,000 career passing yards on the play.<ref name="DolphinsNotes">{{cite web|url=http://www.patriots.com/news/index.cfm?ac=generalnewsdetail&pid=40745|title=Game Notes: Patriots at Dolphins|work=New England Patriots|date=2009-12-06|accessdate=2009-12-08}}</ref> Following a 51-yard kickoff return by [[Ted Ginn, Jr.]], the Dolphins took two plays to reach Patriots territory. On a 3rd-and-4 from the Patriots' 46-yard line, Henne attempted a deep sideline pass to wide receiver [[Brian Hartline]], who stopped and turned back to catch the ball but was taken down by Wilhite for a 37-yard defensive pass interference penalty. However, the Pats surrendered only three yards and forced the Dolphins to kick a field goal; Carpenter's 24-yard score cut the Patriots' lead to 21–13. After a Patriots three-and-out, the Dolphins continued to pressure the Patriots defense, moving 64 yards on 12 plays and cutting the deficit to two points on a 7-yard Hartline touchdown catch. The Dolphins attempted to tie the game on a two-point conversion pass attempt to Fasano, but the pass fell incomplete. The Patriots' next drive reached the Dolphins' 39-yard line, where the Patriots again attempted to convert a fourth down, this one with three yards to gain. The Patriots appeared to do so at first, as Welker caught a 13-yard pass from Brady, but the play was nullified by an Aiken offensive pass interference penalty. After another penalty on the first punt attempt, the second punt attempt by Hanson actually gave the Patriots a better break, pinning the Dolphins at their own 3-yard line at the end of the third quarter.

The Dolphins could not move past their 22-yard line on the ensuing possession and punted, giving the Patriots the ball at their own 39-yard line. After several quick first downs, the Patriots reached the red zone. However, a Brady pass attempt intended for Moss in the back corner of the end zone was intercepted by Vontae Davis for a touchback, maintaing a two-point deficit for the Dolphins. However, the Dolphins could not move a yard off the turnover and were forced to punt; the Patriots too went three-and-out. The Dolphins moved to the Patriots' 39-yard line on their ensuing possession, and like the Patriots, faced a fourth down with two yards to go. Henne's pass intended for Bess was broken up by Butler to turn the ball over on downs. However, the Patriots did not gain a yard, and in fact lost one yard on their next possession, setting up a Dolphins possession with 3:44 left in the game. The Dolphins moved 51 yards on 10 plays, reaching the Patriots' 23-yard line with just over one minute remaining. Carpenter then hit a 41-yard field goal to put the Dolphins ahead for the first time in the game, 22–21. Only needing a field goal, the Patriots tried to set up a Gostkowski attempt with under a minute to go, but three plays into their drive Brady was hit as he threw and was intercepted by linebacker [[Channing Crowder]] to seal a Dolphins victory. The back-to-back losses were a first for the Patriots since November 2006, and dropped their record to 7–5, while the Dolphins improved to 6–6 and within a game of first place in the division.

===Week 14: vs. Carolina Panthers===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Panthers
|R1=7||R2=0||R3=0||R4=3
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=0||H2=7||H3=7||H4=6
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|40|°F|°C}}, cloudy
|TV=Fox |TVAnnouncers= [[Kenny Albert]] (play-by-play), [[Daryl Johnston]] (color commentator), and [[Tony Siragusa]] (sideline reporter)
|referee= [[Terry McAulay]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Coming off consecutive road losses, the Patriots returned home against the Panthers looking to avoid losing three straight games for the first time since 2002. After the Patriots deferred the opening coin toss, the Panthers received the ball to start the game and went three-and-out on their first possession. The Patriots reached the Panthers' 40-yard line on their next drive before attempting to convert a 4th-and-1; Morris was stopped short of the first down marker to turn the ball over. However, the Panthers and backup quarterback [[Matt Moore (American football)|Matt Moore]], playing for an injured [[Jake Delhomme]], also went three-and-out on their ensuing possession. The Patriots responded by again advancing to the Panthers' 40-yard line before this time punting. After another Panthers punt, the Patriots turned the ball back over after Brady was intercepted by [[Chris Gamble]] on a short pass intended for Moss at the Patriots' 48-yard line. Two plays later, Moore connected with wide receiver [[Steve Smith (American football, born 1979)|Steve Smith]] on a 41-yard touchdown pass to give the Panthers a 7–0 lead. The Patriots next drive reached the Panthers' 37-yard line before Moss caught a pass from Brady but then fumbled it; the Panthers' [[Dan Connor (American football)|Dan Connor]] recovered the fumble at the Panthers' 21-yard line. The Panthers, however, lost a net of one yard on their next drive and punted. This was followed by a Patriots three-and-out, a short Panthers drive and a punt, and another Patriots three-and-out. The Panthers then mounted a 10-play, 45-yard drive that ended on a missed 53-yard field goal attempt by [[John Kasay]]. The Patriots responded with a 5-play, 57-yard drive that moved deep into Panthers territory on a 30-yard pass interference penalty on the Panthers' [[James Anderson (American football)|James Anderson]] on a pass attempt to Watson. Faulk later ran in for a 3-yard touchdown to tie the game at halftime.

The Patriots' first drive of the second half began at the Patriots' 11-yard line and ended on the Panthers' 14-yard line when Morris fumbled following a 10-yard run; it was recovered by the Panthers' [[Captain Munnerlyn]]. The Panthers responded with a 26-yard [[DeAngelo Williams]] run followed by a 12-yard [[Jeff King (American football)|Jeff King]] catch to pass midfield; however two consecutive Panthers illegal shift penalties would help force a punt after a 13-yard [[Tyrell Sutton]] run on third down. The punt was downed at the Patriots' 4-yard line, and a Patriots challenge that the player who downed it, [[Quinton Teal]], was in the end zone was not successful. However, the Patriots responded by mounting their longest drive of the season, 96 yards on 13 plays, and behind five Welker catches and a 5-yard Watson touchdown catch took a 14–7 lead late in the third quarter. The Panthers moved back downfield on a 9-play, 57-yard drive that ended on a 36-yard Kasay field goal after the Patriots defense held the Panthers to two yards after a 1st-and-10 from the 20-yard line. The Patriots extended their lead to 17–10 on a 48-yard Gostkowski field goal following a 10-play, 46-yard drive. After a 34-yard Panthers punt on their next possession, a three-and-out, the Patriots had the ball at the Panthers' 42-yard line but could only advance 13 yards on seven plays, with the drive being kept alive on a roughing the kicker penalty during a Patriots punt. The Patriots then took a 20–10 lead on a 47-yard Gostkowski field goal. With under four minutes to go, the Panthers faced a 3rd-and-10 from their own 25-yard line, but a Burgess sack of Moore forced a punt. The Patriots then ran out the final 2:32 of the game to seal a 20–10 victory. With the win, the Patriots moved to 8–5 on the season.

===Week 15: at Buffalo Bills===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road='''Patriots'''
|R1=0||R2=14||R3=3||R4=0
|Home=Bills
|H1=3||H2=0||H3=0||H4=7
|stadium= [[Ralph Wilson Stadium]], [[Orchard Park, New York]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|28|°F|°C}}, cloudy
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Greg Gumbel (play-by-play) and Dan Dierdorf (color commentator)
|referee= [[Tony Corrente]]
|attendance= 70,000
}}
Trying to win their first road game in an opponent's stadium for the first time in 2009, the Patriots traveled to Buffalo with a one game lead in the division. After winning the toss, the Bills received the opening kickoff and began a 14-play, 69-yard drive that elapsed over nine minutes of the first quarter. After the Bills reached the Patriots' 2-yard line on 3rd-and-goal, a false start penalty and an incomplete pass limited the Bills to a 25-yard Lindell field goal. The Patriots' first possession reached midfield before a Brady pass intended for Welker was intercepted by linebacker [[Paul Posluszny]] at the Bills' 39-yard line. However, another penalty and two straight sacks set up a Bills three-and-out. The Patriots' next drive spanned into the second quarter, moving 75 yards on 5 plays; the Patriots moved to the Bills' 3-yard line on a 43-yard defensive pass interference penalty on [[Donte Whitner]]. Brady then hit Moss in the back of the end zone for a 13-yard touchdown, putting the Patriots ahead 7–3. The Bills offense continued to struggle on their next possession, facing a 2nd-and-23 and a 3rd-and-20 before punting; the Patriots advanced into Bills territory on their next possession before also punting. This time the Bills offense began to move the ball, reaching midfield before quarterback [[Ryan Fitzpatrick]] threw an interception to Wilhite at the Patriots' 36-yard line. With 3:30 remaining, the Patriots drove back downfield, and assisted by a 21-yard defensive pass interference penalty, into the red zone. Maroney then ran for a 1-yard touchdown to give the Patriots a 14–3 lead. Following a 41-yard Bills kickoff return, they were able to reach the Patriots' 38-yard line and attempt a 56-yard field goal at the end of the half, but it fell wide left to keep the score at 14–3.

Both teams opened the second half with three-and-out punts. The Patriots came back with a 14-play, 64-yard drive that ended on a 30-yard Gostkowski field goal. The Bills, however, responded with a lengthy drive of their own before an offensive holding penalty and two incompletions set up a punt from the Patriots' 38-yard line early in the fourth quarter. After an exchange of four punts, the Bills drove to the Patriots' 12-yard line, before an incompletion, a one-yard run, and two more incompletions turned the ball over on downs. With just over four minutes left in the game, the Patriots were unable to gain a yard net on their next drive, in fact losing one yard in the process, before punting back to the Bills with 3:37 left; a 38-yard punt and a 20-yard return gave the Bills the ball at the Patriots' 28-yard line. After a 17-yard completion to [[Josh Reed]], Fitzpatrick threw an 11-yard touchdown pass to [[Lee Evans (American football)|Lee Evans]] to cut the Patriots' lead to 17–10. The Bills attempted an onside kickoff with 3:02 remaining in the game, which was recovered by the Bills but nullified on an offsides penalty. The Bills then kicked off normally to the Patriots, hoping for a defensive stop. However, on the first play after the two-minute warning, the Patriots converted a third down on an 8-yard pass to Welker, sealing a Patriots victory. The win moved the Patriots to 9–5 on the season and gave them a two game lead in the division.

===Week 16: vs. Jacksonville Jaguars===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Jaguars
|R1=0||R2=0||R3=0||R4=7
|Home='''Patriots'''
|H1=7||H2=21||H3=0||H4=7
|stadium= Gillette Stadium, Foxborough, Massachusetts
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST
|weather= {{convert|55|°F|°C}}, cloudy and mild
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= [[Kevin Harlan]] (play-by-play) and [[Solomon Wilcots]] (color commentator)
|referee= [[Don Carey (official)|Don Carey]]
|attendance= 68,756
}}
Looking to secure their third straight win and another division title, the Patriots returned home to face the 7–7 Jaguars. After the Jaguars deferred the opening coin toss, the Patriots received the opening kickoff to begin a 10-play, 82-yard drive. On a 1st-and-goal run from the Jaguars' 1-yard line, Maroney fumbled before breaking the plane of the goal line; it was recovered by Jaguars linebacker [[Daryl Smith]] at the 1-yard line. The Jaguars reached their own 35-yard line on their ensuing possession before failing to convert on a fourth down attempt, turning the ball back over the Patriots. Two plays after a 21-yard Morris run, Brady and Moss connected on a 2-yard touchdown reception to give the Patriots a 7–0 lead. After the kickoff, the Jaguars drove to the Patriots' 42-yard line before a [[David Garrard]] pass intended for [[Marcedes Lewis]] was intercepted by Meriweather at the Patriots' 17-yard line and returned 56 yards. Two plays later, on the first play of the second quarter, Brady threw a 26-yard touchdown pass to Baker to extend the Patriots' lead to 14–0.

The Jaguars continued to move the ball on their next possession, reaching midfield on completions of 15 and 14 yards; however a false start penalty negated another 15-yard reception and the Jaguars were forced to punt. Following a Patriots' three-and-out, Garrard was strip-sacked by Banta-Cain on the first play of the Jaguars' next-drive; tackle [[Eben Britton]] recovered the fumble for the Jaguars, who punted three plays later. On the third play of their ensuing drive, the Patriots moved into the red zone on a 55-yard Morris run, and later took a 21–0 lead on a 1-yard Morris touchdown run. After another Jaguars three-and-out, the Patriots moved into Jaguars territory on a 29-yard Welker catch and later extended their lead to 28–0 on a 6-yard touchdown reception by Moss. This would remain the score after the Jaguars ended the half on another punt.

The Jaguars began the second half with a 16-play, 69-yard drive that took over eight minutes off the clock; however, it ended without any points after Garrard was intercepted by Springs at the Patriots' 2-yard line on a 3rd-and-goal from the 5-yard line. The Patriots responded with a 10-play, 90-yard drive of their own, despite a false start penalty to begin it. On the first play of the fourth quarter, Brady hit Moss on his third touchdown catch of the game, putting the Patriots ahead 35–0. However, the Jaguars responded quickly, moving past midfield on a 22-yard [[Rashad Jennings]] run and into the red zone on a 20-yard [[Nate Hughes]] reception. Two plays later, Garrard scrambled two yards for a touchdown, cutting the Patriots' lead to 35–7. With 12:41 remaining in the game, the Patriots received the ball after the kickoff. What ensued was a 20-play drive, with the Patriots reaching midfield with about ten minutes remaining in the game, and reaching the Jaguars' 10-yard line by the two-minute warning. The drive included five first downs, including two off fourth down conversions. One play after the two-minute warning, Hoyer replaced Brady at quarterback, and one play later, the Patriots turned the ball over on downs after a failed 4th-and-2 run by Morris. The Jaguars, with 29 seconds left in the game, ran one play to end the game. With the win, the Patriots secured their first division title since 2007 and posted a 10–5 record heading into the final week of the season.

===Week 17: at Houston Texans===
{{Americanfootballbox|
|Road=Patriots
|R1=7||R2=6||R3=7||R4=7
|Home='''Texans'''
|H1=7||H2=6||H3=0||H4=21
|stadium= [[Reliant Stadium]], [[Houston, Texas]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. EST/12:00 p.m. CST
|weather= Played with roof closed, retractable roof stadium
|TV=CBS |TVAnnouncers= Kevin Harlan (play-by-play) and Solomon Wilcots (color commentator)
|referee= John Parry
|attendance= 71,029
}}
On the final week of the regular season, the Patriots traveled to Houston having wrapped up a division title but still playing for the third seed in the AFC playoffs. The Texans, meanwhile, needed a victory plus help from other teams to earn a playoff berth. The Patriots did not activate Wilfork, Warren, Faulk, Maroney, or Bodden for the game. The Texans won the opening coin toss and received the opening kickoff, driving 76 yards on seven plays and taking a 7–0 lead on a 25-yard touchdown reception by tight end [[Joel Dreessen]]. On the fourth play of the Patriots' opening drive, Welker caught a 12-yard pass from Brady, and when cutting to avoid a tackler, had his knee buckle and fell to the ground. He suffered a torn [[Medial collateral ligament|MCL]] and [[Anterior cruciate ligament|ACL]] on the play in his left knee and was placed on injured reserve.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2010/01/04/a_mess_in_texas/|title=A mess in Texas|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|first=Adam|last=Kilgore|date=2010-01-04|accessdate=2010-01-04}}</ref> The Patriots, who replaced Welker with Edelman, drove to the Texans' 42-yard line before punting. Following a Texans three-and-out, the Patriots began a drive from their own 37-yard line and capped a 9-play, 63-yard drive with a 4-yard touchdown run by Taylor, tying the game at 7–7. After a 36-yard kickoff return by [[André Davis]], the Texans passed midfield on a 16-yard Dreessen catch, but could not advance any further and punted, early in the second quarter.

The Patriots responded with a 9-play, 58-yard drive that ended in a 51-yard Gostkowski field goal to give the Patriots a 10–7 lead. On their ensuing possession, the Texans drove to the Patriots' 1-yard line before attempting to convert a fourth down; quarterback [[Matt Schaub]]'s pass fell incomplete to [[Andre Johnson]] to turn the ball over on downs and give the Patriots the ball at their own 1-yard line. On the next play, Taylor fumbled after a handoff from Brady; the ball was recovered by [[Bernard Pollard]] in the end zone for a touchdown. However, kicker [[Kris Brown]] missed the extra point to keep the score at 13–10. Hoyer entered the game at quarterback for the Patriots on their next drive. He led the Patriots from their own 9-yard line to the Texans' 25-yard line, with the Patriots settling for a 43-yard Gostkowski field goal with less than a minute remaining in the first half. Brown missed a 56-yard field goal as time expired in the half for the Texans to keep the score tied at 13 at halftime.

Brady re-entered the game for the Patriots to begin the second half, but the Patriots failed to reach midfield and punted. The Texans then drove from their own 16-yard line to the Patriots' 15-yard line before a Schaub pass intended for wide receiver [[Jacoby Jones]] was tipped and intercepted by Butler at the 9-yard line and returned 91 yards for a touchdown, giving the Patriots a 20–13 lead. The Texans continued to move the ball on their next possession, reaching the 20-yard line before Brown missed another field goal, a 38-yarder. The Patriots next drive spanned into the fourth quarter, and ended with an 11-yard Taylor touchdown to extend the Patriots' lead to 27–13. However, the Texans again drove on the Patriots, with a 26-yard defensive pass interference penalty on Butler setting up an 8-yard touchdown pass from Schaub to Jones. The Patriots went three-and-out on their next possession, giving the ball back to the Texans with 7:30 left in the game. After a 31-yard punt return by Jones, the Texans drove from the Patriots' 34-yard line and tied the game on a 1-yard touchdown run by [[Arian Foster]] with 4:46 left. Two plays later, Brady was intercepted by Pollard on a long pass intended for Aiken; Pollard returned the interception from the Patriots' 43-yard line to the 28-yard line. On the first play after the two-minute warning, Foster ran in for a 3-yard touchdown to give the Texans a 34–27 lead. Hoyer entered the game again for the Patriots and reached the Texans' 34-yard line before a fourth down pass intended for Edelman fell incomplete. The Texans then kneeled to end the game. The loss gave the Patriots 10–6 record for the season and also gave the Texans their first winning season in franchise history, at 9–7.

==Standings==
{{2009 AFC East standings}}

===Standings breakdown===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|
! W || L || T||Pct. || PF || PA
|-
|Home||8 ||0 ||0 ||1.000 ||250 ||103
|-
|Away||2 ||6 ||0 ||.250 ||177 ||182
|-
|[[American Football Conference East Division|AFC East]] Opponents||4 ||2 ||0 ||.667 ||130 ||103
|-
|[[American Football Conference|AFC]] Opponents||7 ||5 ||0 ||.583 ||329 ||220
|-
|[[National Football Conference|NFC]] Opponents||3 ||1 ||0 ||.750 ||98 ||65
|-
|colspan=7 align=center|By Stadium Type
|-
|Indoors||0 ||3 ||0 ||.000 ||78 ||107
|-
|Outdoors||10 ||3 ||0 ||.769 ||349 ||178
|-
|}

==Postseason schedule==
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! Week || Kickoff || width="15%" | Date || Opponent || Result || Record || Game Site || TV || width="8%" | NFL.com Recap
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|align="center"| Wild Card || 1:00 PM [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EST]] || January 10, 2010 || [[2009 Baltimore Ravens season|Baltimore Ravens]] (6) || '''L''' 14–33 ||align="center"| 0–1 || Gillette Stadium || CBS || [http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2010011001/2009/POST18/ravens@patriots/recap Recap]
|}

==Postseason results==
{{main article|2009–10 NFL playoffs}}
===Wild Card Round vs. Baltimore Ravens===
{{Americanfootballbox
|Road='''Ravens'''
|R1=24
|R2=0
|R3=3
|R4=6
|Home=Patriots
|H1=0
|H2=7
|H3=7
|H4=0
|stadium= [[Gillette Stadium]], [[Foxborough, Massachusetts]]
|time= 1:00 p.m. [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
|weather= {{convert|20|F|C}}, sunny and cold
|TV=[[NFL on CBS|CBS]] |TVAnnouncers= [[Jim Nantz]] ([[play-by-play]]) and [[Phil Simms]] ([[color commentator]])
|referee= [[Gene Steratore]]
|attendance=68,756
}}
The Ravens converted three first quarter turnovers by Patriots quarterback [[Tom Brady]] into 17 points on their way to a 24–0 lead New England could not recover from. It was the Patriots' first home loss of the season and their first home loss in the playoffs in more than 30 years. On top of that, it was the Ravens' first ever win against the Patriots after five consecutive losses.

Baltimore stormed to a 7–0 lead on the first play of the game with [[Ray Rice]]'s 83-yard touchdown run, the second longest run in NFL playoff history. Then linebacker [[Terrell Suggs]] forced and recovered a fumble from Brady on the Patriots 17-yard line, and they scored another touchdown with a 1-yard run by [[Le'Ron McClain]]. Following an exchange of punts, cornerback [[Chris Carr (American football)|Chris Carr]] intercepted a pass from Brady and returned it to the New England 25-yard line, setting up Rice's second touchdown on a 1-yard run. Just two plays after the ensuing kickoff, Ravens safety [[Ed Reed]] intercepted a deep pass from Brady and returned it 25 yards before lateraling the ball to safety [[Dawan Landry]], who took it another 25 yards to the Patriots 9-yard line. The Ravens could not gain any yards on their ensuing drive, but [[Billy Cundiff]] kicked a field goal to make the score 24–0.

New England was forced to punt on their next drive, but Baltimore returner [[Tom Zbikowski]] muffed the kick and [[Kyle Arrington]] recovered the ball for the Patriots at the Ravens 16-yard line. Five plays later, Brady threw a 6-yard touchdown pass to [[Julian Edelman]]. But midway through the second half, Brady threw his third interception of the game, this one to Landry, who returned it 42 yards to the New England 22-yard line to set up another Cundiff field goal. Taking the ball back at the Patriots 47-yard line after [[Darius Butler]]'s 42-yard kickoff return, New England responded with a 53-yard scoring drive. Brady finished it with his second touchdown pass to Edelman to cut their deficit to 27–14.

Zbikowski returned the ensuing kickoff 30 yards to his own 48-yard line, sparking a 52-yard drive that ended with a 3-yard touchdown run from [[Willis McGahee]], making the score 33–14 after the two point conversion failed. New England responded with a drive deep into Baltimore territory, but [[Stephen Gostkowski]] missed a 44-yard field goal attempt with 7:19 left in the game, ending any chance of a miracle comeback.

Rice rushed for 159 yards and two touchdowns, while McGahee added 62 yards and a score. Neither quarterback had much success, as Brady was held to 154 yards and intercepted three times, while Baltimore's [[Joe Flacco]] completed only 4 of 10 passes for 34 yards.

*'''Scoring'''
**'''1st Quarter'''
***BAL – [[Ray Rice]] 83 yard run ([[Billy Cundiff]] kick), 14:43. ''Ravens 7–0. '''Drive: 1 play, 83 yards, 0:17.'''
***BAL – [[Le'Ron McClain]] 1 yard run (Billy Cundiff kick) 10:29. ''Ravens 14–0. '''Drive: 5 plays, 17 yards, 2:44.'''
***BAL – Ray Rice 1 yard run (Billy Cundiff kick) 3:55. ''Ravens 21–0. '''Drive: 6 plays, 25 yards, 2:54.'''
***BAL – Billy Cundiff 27 yard field goal, 1:19. ''Ravens 24–0. '''Drive: 4 plays, 0 yards, 1:37.'''
**'''2nd Quarter'''
***NE – [[Julian Edelman]] 6 yard pass from [[Tom Brady]] ([[Stephen Gostkowski]] kick), 11:23. ''Ravens 24–7. '''Drive: 6 plays, 16 yards, 2:45.'''
**'''3rd Quarter'''
***BAL – Billy Cundiff 23 yard field goal, 6:18. ''Ravens 27–7. '''Drive: 6 plays, 18 yards, 3:31.'''
***NE – Julian Edelman 1 yard pass from Tom Brady (Stephen Gostkowski kick), 1:47. ''Ravens 27–14. '''Drive: 10 plays, 53 yards, 4:31.'''
**'''4th Quarter'''
***BAL – [[Willis McGahee]] 3 yard run (run failed), 10:32. ''Ravens 33–14. '''Drive: 12 plays, 52 yards, 6:15.'''

==Final roster==
{| class="toccolours" style="text-align: left;"
|-
! colspan="9" style="background-color: #0d254c; color: #d6d6d6; text-align: center;"|'''New England Patriots 2009 final roster'''
|-
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Quarterbacks'''
* 12 [[Tom Brady]]
*  8 [[Brian Hoyer]] UR

'''Running Backs'''
* 33 [[Kevin Faulk]]
* 42 [[BenJarvus Green-Ellis]]
* 39 [[Laurence Maroney]]
* 34 [[Sammy Morris]]
* 21 [[Fred Taylor (American football)|Fred Taylor]]

'''Wide Receivers'''
* 88 [[Sam Aiken]]
* 11 [[Julian Edelman]] PR R
* 81 [[Randy Moss]]
* 18 [[Matthew Slater]]
* 15 [[Isaiah Stanback]] QB

'''Tight Ends'''
* 86 [[Chris Baker (tight end)|Chris Baker]]
* 84 [[Benjamin Watson]]
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Offensive Linemen'''
* 63 [[Dan Connolly (American football)|Dan Connolly]] G/C
* 77 [[Nick Kaczur]] T
* 67 [[Dan Koppen]] C
* 64 [[Mark LeVoir]] T
* 72 [[Matt Light]] T
* 70 [[Logan Mankins]] G
* 61 [[Stephen Neal]] G
* 60 [[Rich Ohrnberger]] G/C R
* 76 [[Sebastian Vollmer]] T R
* 69 [[Ryan Wendell]] C/G

'''Defensive Linemen'''
* 92 [[Ron Brace]] NT R
* 97 [[Jarvis Green]] DE
* 91 [[Myron Pryor]] NT R
* 94 [[Ty Warren]] DE
* 75 [[Vince Wilfork]] NT
* 99 [[Mike Wright]] DE/NT
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Linebackers'''
* 52 [[Eric Alexander (American football)|Eric Alexander]] ILB
* 95 [[Tully Banta-Cain]] OLB/DE
* 53 [[Derrick Burgess]] OLB/DE
* 59 [[Gary Guyton]] ILB
* 51 [[Jerod Mayo]] ILB
* 50 [[Rob Ninkovich]] OLB/DE
* 55 [[Junior Seau]] ILB
* 96 [[Adalius Thomas]] OLB
* 48 [[Thomas Williams (American football)|Thomas Williams]] ILB
* 58 [[Pierre Woods]] OLB

'''Defensive Backs'''
* 27 [[Kyle Arrington]] CB
* 23 [[Leigh Bodden]] CB
* 28 [[Darius Butler]] CB/KR R
* 25 [[Pat Chung]] SS R
* 30 [[Brandon McGowan]] FS
* 31 [[Brandon Meriweather]] SS
* 36 [[James Sanders (American football)|James Sanders]] FS
* 29 [[Shawn Springs]] CB
* 22 [[Terrence Wheatley]] CB
* 24 [[Jonathan Wilhite]] CB

'''Special Teams'''
*  3 [[Stephen Gostkowski]] K
*  6 [[Chris Hanson]] P
* 47 [[Jake Ingram]] LS R
| style="width: 25px;" |
| style="font-size: 95%;" valign="top" | '''Reserve Lists'''
* ''15 [[Tyree Barnes]] WR'' (Military) UR
* ''66 [[George Bussey]] G'' (IR) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''98 [[Shawn Crable]] OLB'' (IR) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''44 [[Eric Kettani]] FB'' (Military) UR
* ''38 [[Bret Lockett]] SS'' (IR) UR [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''44 [[Tyrone McKenzie]] ILB'' (IR) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''19 [[Brandon Tate]] WR'' (IR) R [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''35 [[Chris Taylor (American football)|Chris Taylor]] RB'' (IR) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''83 [[Wes Welker]] WR'' (IR) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''16 [[Shun White]] WR'' (Military) UR

 
'''Practice Squad'''
* ''85 [[Robbie Agnone]] TE'' (Injured) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]] UR
* ''49 [[Bruce Davis (linebacker)|Bruce Davis]] OLB''
* ''65 [[Adrian Grady]] DT'' UR
* ''10 [[Darnell Jenkins]] WR'' (Injured) [[Image:Injury icon.svg|7px]]
* ''17 [[Nick Moore]] WR'' UR
* ''80 [[Rob Myers]] TE'' UR
* ''14 [[Robert Ortiz (American football)|Robert Ortiz]] WR''
* ''90 [[Darryl Richard]] DT'' R
* '' 9 [[Jeff Rowe]] QB''

 
'''Notations'''
* R: [[2009 NFL Draft|2009 Rookie]]
* UR: 2009 [[Undrafted sportsperson|Undrafted Rookie]]
* ''Italicized players are not on the 53-man roster.''

|-
|}

==Awards and honors==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Recipient
! Award(s)
|-
| [[Leigh Bodden]]
| Week 11: AFC Defensive Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4671086/bodden-is-afc-defensive-player-of-the-week|title=Bodden is Defensive Player of the Week|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-11-25|accessdate=2009-11-25}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tom Brady]]
| Week 1: AFC Offensive Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patriots.com/news/index.cfm?ac=nfldetail&pid=38918&pcid=43&rss=1|title=QB Tom Brady named AFC Offensive Player of the Week|work=Patriots.com|date=2009-09-16|accessdate=2009-09-16}}</ref> Week 6: AFC Offensive Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://itiswhatitis.weei.com/sports/newengland/football/patriots/2009/10/20/brady-afc-offensive-player-of-week/|title=Brady AFC Offensive Player of Week|work=[[WEEI]].com|first=Mike|last=Petraglia|date=2009-10-20|accessdate=2009-10-20}}</ref> October: AFC Offensive Player of the Month<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/extra_points/2009/10/brady_named_afc_1.html|title=Brady named AFC Offensive Player of the Month|work=Boston.com Extra Points blog|first=Matt|last=Pepin|date=2009-10-29|accessdate=2009-10-29}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Week 16: AFC Offensive Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4673380/brady-named-afc-offensive-player-of-week|title=Brady named AFC Offensive Player of Week|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-12-30|accessdate=2009-12-30}}</ref> 2009 New England Patriots Ed Block Courage Award<ref>{{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/blog/bostonnew-england-patriots/post/_/id/4673105/brady-earns-ed-block-courage-award |title=Brady earns Ed Block Courage Award |work=ESPNBoston.com |first=Mike |last=Reiss |date=2009-12-24 |accessdate=2009-12-30}}</ref> 2009 [[NFL Comeback Player of the Year Award|NFL Comeback Player of the Year]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/34726143/ns/sports-nfl/|title=Brady named Comeback Player of the Year|work=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=[[NBC Sports]]|date=2010-01-06|accessdate=2010-01-06}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kevin Faulk]]
| 2009 New England Patriots [[Ron Burton]] Community Service Award<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4673105/brady-earns-ed-block-courage-award|title=Brady earns Ed Block Courage Award|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-12-24|accessdate=2009-12-25}}</ref>
|-
| [[Stephen Gostkowski]]
| Week 9: AFC Special Teams Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/boston/columns/patriots/blog/_/post/4643854/name/reiss|title=Gostkowski gets AFC special teams honor|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-11-11|accessdate=2009-11-11}}</ref>
|-
| [[Brandon Meriweather]]
| Week 7: AFC Defensive Player of the Week<ref>{{cite web|url=http://itiswhatitis.weei.com/sports/newengland/football/patriots/2009/10/28/meriweather-wins-afc-weekly-honor/|title=Meriweather wins AFC weekly honor|work=[[WEEI]].com|first=Christopher|last=Price|date=2009-10-28|accessdate=2009-10-28}}</ref>
|}

===Pro Bowl and All-Pro selections===
Four Patriots were elected to the [[2010 Pro Bowl]]. Guard [[Logan Mankins]] and defensive tackle [[Vince Wilfork]] were named as starters, while wide receiver [[Wes Welker]] and quarterback [[Tom Brady]] were named as a reserves.<ref name="ProBowl">{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4673369/pro-bowlers-wilfork-mankins-brady-welker|title=Pro Bowlers: Wilfork, Mankins, Brady & Welker|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2009-12-29|accessdate=2009-12-29}}</ref> After Welker suffered a season-ending injury in Week 17, [[Randy Moss]] was named as his replacement in the Pro Bowl, while safety [[Brandon Meriweather]] was also an injury replacement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4673931/moss-meriweather-added-to-pro-bowl-roster|title=Moss, Meriweather added to Pro Bowl roster|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2010-01-08|accessdate=2010-01-08}}</ref> Moss subsequently pulled out of the game due to injury, as did Brady.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/new-england-patriots/post/_/id/4674318/brady-pulls-out-of-pro-bowl|title=Brady pulls out of Pro Bowl|work=ESPNBoston.com|first=Mike|last=Reiss|date=2010-01-20|accessdate=2010-01-20}}</ref>

Welker and Mankins were also voted to the 2009 [[All-Pro]] First Team and Second Team, respectively.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/extra_points/2010/01/welker_named_to.html|title=Welker named to AP's All-Pro team|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=2010-01-14|accessdate=2010-01-14 | first1=Matt | last1=Pepin}}</ref>

==Notes and references==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/nwe/2009.htm Season page on Pro Football Reference]

{{New England Patriots}}
{{New England Patriots seasons}}
{{2009 NFL season by team}}

[[Category:2009 National Football League season by team|New England]]
[[Category:New England Patriots seasons]]
[[Category:AFC East championship seasons]]
[[Category:NFL International Series participants]]

2009–10 Cardiff City F.C. season

2011-07-05T15:01:48Z

Boxplot: /* Statisics */

{{Infobox Football club season
| club = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| season = 2009–10
| manager = {{flagicon|England}} [[Dave Jones (football manager)|Dave Jones]]
| chairman = {{flagicon|England}} [[Peter Ridsdale]]
| league = [[Football League Championship]]
| league result = '''4th'''
| cup1 = [[FA Cup]]
| cup1 result = '''5th Round'''
| cup2 = [[Football League Cup|Carling Cup]]
| cup2 result = '''3rd Round'''
| league topscorer = [[Peter Whittingham]] (20)
| season topscorer = [[Peter Whittingham]] (26)
| highest attendance = 26,033 vs [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]], 11 May
| lowest attendance = 5,545 vs [[Dagenham & Redbridge F.C.|Dagenham & Redbridge]], 11 August
| average attendance = 19,413
| pattern_la1 = |pattern_b1 =_thinyellowsides |pattern_ra1 =
| leftarm1 = 0000CC | body1 = 0000CC | rightarm1 = 0000CC | shorts1 = FFFFFF | socks1 = FFFFFF
| pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=
| leftarm2 =FFFF00|body2=FFFF00|rightarm2=FFFF00|shorts2=0000CC|socks2=0000CC
| prevseason = [[Cardiff City F.C. season 2008–09|2008–09]]
| nextseason = [[2010-11 Cardiff City F.C. season|2010–11]]
}}
The '''2009–10''' season is [[Cardiff City F.C.]]'s 83rd season in [[The Football League]] since joining in 1920. The season is also the clubs first in the [[Cardiff City Stadium]], replacing their former ground [[Ninian Park]], which had been used by the club for 99 years. Cardiff had their most successful season in the [[Football League Championship]] finishing 4th making the Play-Offs for the [[2010-11 Premier League|Premier League]]. Cardiff narrowly missed out on promotion after losing 3–2 to [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]] in the Final.

==Season review==
===Kit===
On June 26, 2009 Cardiff announced it had signed a five-year deal with [[Puma AG|Puma]], licensed by Genesis Group International, to manufacture a new technical kit.<ref name="Puma">{{cite web |url = http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1704281,00.html |title= City and Puma Pen Five Year Deal |publisher= The Official Website of the Cardiff City FC | date = 2009-06-30 | accessdate = 2010-04-23 }}</ref> The German based company had previously been the clubs kit supplier for three years between 2002 and 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Cardiff_City/Cardiff_City.htm |title=Cardiff City |publisher=historicalfootballkits.co.uk |accessdate=2009-07-16}}</ref> After having no shirt sponsor for the opening seven matches of the season, on 11 September, the club announced a deal with Asian online gaming and gambling company 777ball.com.<ref name="777ball.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/09/11/cardiff-city-land-250k-shirt-sponsor-91466-24660003/ |title=Cardiff City land 250k shirt sponsor |publisher=[[South Wales Echo]] |date=2009-09-11 |accessdate=2009-09-11}}</ref> However, after playing one match with the sponsor, it emerged that the company did not hold a license to advertise in Europe and their logo was subsequently removed from the Cardiff kit.<ref name="nosponsor">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_east/8260805.stm |title=Sponsor removed from City shirts |publisher=BBC News |date=2009-09-17 |accessdate=2009-09-21}}</ref>
On 28 September, the club announced a replacement sponsor, signing a two-year deal with betting company [[SBOBET]].<ref name="SBObet">{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1810688,00.html |title=SBOBET.com: City's new sponsor |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-09-28 |accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>

===Events===
*26 June 2009 – Cardiff City pen a five-year kit manufacturing deal with [[Puma AG|Puma]].<ref name="Puma"/>
*4 July 2009 – Cardiff City break their record transfer fee with the £3 million signing of [[Michael Chopra]] from [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/07/01/striker-chopra-to-be-a-record-signing-for-city-91466-24037861/ |title=Striker Chopra set to be a record signing for City |publisher=[[South Wales Echo]] |date=2009-07-01 |accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>
*22 July 2009 – [[Cardiff City Stadium]] is officially opened with a 0–0 draw against with [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cardiff_city/8164021.stm |title=Cardiff City 0–0 Celtic |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-07-22 |accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>
*7 August 2009 – [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] is named club captain.
*11 September 2009 – Cardiff City agree a one-year shirt sponsorship deal with 777ball.com.<ref name="777ball.com"/>
*28 September 2009 – [[SBOBET]] are announced as replacement sponsors following the withdrawal of 777ball.com due to licensing problems.<ref name="nosponsor"/><ref name="SBObet"/>
*7 November 2009 – [[Dave Jones (football manager)|Dave Jones]] receives [[Football League Championship Manager of the Month|Championship Manager of the Month]] for October.<ref name="Jonesmanagerofmonth">{{cite web |url=http://www.football-league.co.uk/championship/news/jones-named-manager-of-the-month-20091107_2248204_1868671 |title=Jones name Manager of the Month |publisher=[[The Football League]] |date=2009-11-07 |accessdate=2009-11-07}}</ref>
*14 November 2009 – [[Peter Whittingham]] receives Player of the Month for October.<ref name="Whittsplayerofmonth">{{cite web |url=http://www.football-league.co.uk/championship/news/whittingham-named-player-of-the-month-20091114_2248204_1875468 |title=Whittingham name Manager of the Month |publisher=[[The Football League]] |date=2009-11-14 |accessdate=2009-11-14}}</ref>
*20 November 2009 – Midfielder [[Stephen McPhail]] is diagnosed with stage one lymphoma, a rare form of cancer.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1880105,00.html |title=Stephen McPhail: Club Statement |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-11-20 |accessdate=2009-11-20}}</ref>
*25 November 2009 – Datuk Chan Tien Ghee is appointed on the Board of Directors.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1885977,00.html |title=City Board Appointment |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-11-25 |accessdate=2009-11-25}}</ref>
*28 November 2009 – Goalkeeper [[Peter Enckelman]] is involved in a car crash but made a "luck escape" playing 45 mins the following day.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1891169,00.html |title=Encks in Crash Scare |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-11-28 |accessdate=2009-11-30}}</ref>
*4 December 2009 – Club secretary, Jason Turner is suspended.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/12/04/cardiff-city-suspend-secretary-jason-turner-91466-25322171/ |title=Cardiff City suspend secretary Jason Turner |publisher=WalesOnline |date=2009-12-04 |accessdate=2009-12-04}}</ref>
*11 December 2009 – Cardiff City agree a settlement with Langston Corporation, over taking any more legal action over the clubs debt.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1901547,00.html |title=Langston Deal Announced |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-12-11 |accessdate=2009-12-11 }}</ref>
*17 December 2009 – [[Riccardo Scimeca]] is forced to retire at the age of 34 due to injury.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1907728,00.html |title=Riccy Scimeca retires |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-12-17 |accessdate=2009-12-17 }}</ref>
*29 January 2010 – Captain [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] is ruled out for 10–12 weeks with a spilt ankle tendon.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1949485,00.html |title=Huds out for 10–12 weeks |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2010-01-29 |accessdate=2010-01-29 }}</ref>
*9 April 2010 – [[Gavin Rae]] is confirmed to be out for the season with a reptured tendon in his ankle.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~2019285,00.html |title=Gavin is out for the season |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2010-04-09 |accessdate=2010-04-09 }}</ref>

===Pre-season===
Cardiff City opened their pre-season schedule on 10 July with a match against [[Chasetown F.C.|Chasetown]]. The match, the first played by the club in the [[Cardiff City stadium]] following its opening, ended in a 4–0 victory following goals from [[Jay Bothroyd]], [[Michael Chopra]] and first year professionals [[Josh Magennis]] and [[Adam Matthews]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cardiff_city/8146039.stm |title=Magennis delight at Cardiff goal |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-07-11 |accessdate=2009-07-16}}</ref> After the game the side travelled to Portugal for a two game tour, beginning with a 1–0 victory over [[Liga de Honra]] side [[C.D. Fátima|Fátima]] on 15 July, the only goal coming from trialist [[Maroš Klimpl]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/PreSeasonReports/0,,10335~1723638,00.html |title=Fatima0-1 Cardiff:Full report |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-07-16 |accessdate=2009-07-16}}</ref> However, despite scoring, the [[Slovakia national football team|Slovakian]] international was told that he would not be offered a permanent deal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/07/16/cardiff-city-release-maros-klimpl-91466-24168628/ |title=Cardiff City release Maros Klimpl |publisher=[[South Wales Echo]] |date=2009-07-16 |accessdate=2009-07-16}}</ref> The second and final game of the tour ended in a 3–0 win over a President's select XI with Jay Bothroyd (2) and Michael Chopra scoring.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/PreSeasonReports/0,,10335~1726300,00.html |title=President's XI 0–3 City |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-07-18 |accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref>
After returning to Wales, Cardiff held the official opening of the new stadium by playing [[Scottish Premier League|Scottish]] side [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]], the match ending in a 0–0 draw.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cardiff_city/8164021.stm |title=Cardiff City 0–0 Celtic |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-07-22 |accessdate=2009-07-22}}</ref> Cardiff played out a 0–0 draw with [[Football League One]] side [[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]] before ending their pre-season campaign with a 2–0 defeat to [[Valencia CF|Valencia]]. A pre-season friendly planned to take place on 5 August against [[Llanelli A.F.C.|Llanelli]] was cancelled due to an outbreak of illness among the Cardiff City youth team.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1742677,00.html |title=Llanelli match cancelled |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-08-04 |accessdate=2009-08-12}}</ref>

===League===
The opening day of the season saw Cardiff play [[Scunthorpe United F.C.|Scunthorpe United]] in the first ever competitive match at the [[Cardiff City Stadium]]. Two goals from [[Michael Chopra]] and one each for [[Jay Bothroyd]] and [[Peter Whittingham]] saw Cardiff come away as 4–0 winners, the biggest opening day win for the club since a 4–0 win over [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] in August 1951.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/08/10/cardiff-city-out-to-pay-off-debt-with-far-east-investment-91466-24356633/ |title=Cardiff City out to pay off debt with Far East investment |publisher=[[South Wales Echo]] |date=2009-08-10 |accessdate=2009-08-12}}</ref> Due to the increased capacity of the new stadium, it was also the highest attendance figure for the club since 1971.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8184416.stm |title=Cardiff 4–0 Scunthorpe |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-08-08 |accessdate=2009-08-12}}</ref> A 1–1 draw with [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]] and a win at [[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]], which saw City's first hat-trick of the season from [[Michael Chopra]] and their first sending off with [[Tony Capaldi]], which was followed by a 3–0 win in the first [[Severnside derby]] of the season against [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] which left Cardiff top of the table on goal difference and saw striker Michael Chopra equal the record set by [[Hughie Ferguson]] for the most goals scored in the opening three league matches of the season.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/footballnation/cardiff-city-fc/2009/08/22/michael-chopra-sets-new-city-record-91466-24503460/ |title=Michael Chopra sets new City record |publisher=[[South Wales Echo]] |date=2009-08-22 |accessdate=2009-08-27}}</ref> However they suffered two consecutive defeats in their following two matches, losing their first game of the season against [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]] followed by their first defeat at the Cardiff City Stadium against [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]].
They bounced back with 1–0 win over [[Reading F.C.|Reading]], before suffering consecutive defeats to [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] and [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8263782.stm |title=Sheff Wed 3–1 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-09-26 |accessdate=2009-10-04}}</ref> Cardiff managed to recover form in their following two matches, thrashing [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] 6–1 at the [[Cardiff City Stadium]] before beating [[Watford F.C.|Watford]] 4–0 with [[Adam Matthews]] scoring his first professional goal.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8273867.stm |title=Watford 0–4 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-10-03 |accessdate=2009-10-04}}</ref> The first draw at the [[Cardiff City Stadium]] came against [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] with former Palace skipper [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] scoring an own goal before returning to winning ways with a 2–0 win over [[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]] with goals from [[Anthony Gerrard]], his first for the club, and Peter Whittingham. Whittingham continued his goalscoring form with the first hattrick of his career in a 4–3 victory over [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]. A 1–1 draw with [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]] was followed by a 3–2 defeat in the first [[South Wales derby]] of the season against [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8340774.stm |title=Swansea 3–2 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-11-07 |accessdate=2009-11-07}}</ref>
Following an international break, Cardiff suffered consecutive defeats against [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]] and [[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/default.stm |title=Cardiff 1–2 Ipswich |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-11-29 |accessdate=2009-11-29}}</ref> dropping them out of the play-off places having claimed just one point from their previous four games. The Bluebirds returned to winning ways with a 1–0 win over [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]] on 5 December, following with a surprise 2–0 win over [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Brom]]. [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke's]] fifth goal of the season gives Cardiff their third successive win, the Bluebirds beat [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] 1–0.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8404864.stm |title=Middlesbrough 0–1 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-12-13 |accessdate=2009-12-13}}</ref> However Cardiff's form over the Christmas period dipped after picking up one point in matches against the bottom two sides in the Championship, suffering a late 1–0 defeat to [[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]] and drawing 4–4 with [[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]], having led 4–0 at half time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8426500.stm |title=Peterborough 4–4 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-12-28 |accessdate=2010-01-04}}</ref> Cardiff then were held to a 1–1 draw with [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]].
[[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham's]] late equaliser held [[Scunthorpe United F.C.|Scunthorpe United]] to a 1–1 draw before Cardiff claimed consecutive victories, with a 6–0 victory over Bristol City in the third and final Severnside derby of the season and a 2–1 win over [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. However, the teams five game unbeaten streak came to an end after a 5–1 defeat to Championship leaders [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]]. The Bluebirds quickly bounced back with a 2–0 win over strugglers [[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]] and then a 1–1 draw with league leaders [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]] before suffering their fifth home defeat of the season in a 2–0 loss against [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]] followed by a 3–0 defeat to [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]. After completing a league double over [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]] with [[Jay Bothroyd]] scoring the early winner,<ref>{{cite news |title=Cardiff 1–0 Middlesbrough |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8544282.stm |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2010-03-06 |accessdate=2010-03-07}}</ref> Cardiff suffered their fourth defeat in five games with a 2–0 defeat to [[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]] followed by a 1–0 defeat to [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] before beating [[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]] 2–1 and [[Watford F.C.|Watford]] 3–1. Cardiff then missed out on the chance to jump to 4th, [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] held Cardiff to a 1–1 home draw. Cardiff jumped to 4th with wins over [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] and [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]. A [[Michael Chopra]] double gave Cardiff a 2–1 victory over [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]] in the second [[South Wales derby]] of the season, denting Swansea's play off hopes but strengthening theirs. Cardiff made it a seven game unbeaten streak with a goalless draw against [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]], whilst [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]] were also promoted back to the [[Premier League]] due to the result.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nottm Forest 0–0 Cardiff |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8595424.stm |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2010-04-05 |accessdate=2010-04-05}}</ref> [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] held the Bluebirds to a home goalless draw before Cardiff confirmed a play-off place with a 1–0 win over [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|QPR]], where [[Joe Ledley]] scored 10 minutes from the end.<ref>{{cite news |title=QPR 0–1 Cardiff |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8615973.stm |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2010-04-17 |accessdate=2010-04-17}}</ref> Cardiff celebrated getting a play-off place by beating relegation battlers [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]] before losing 2–0 to [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] on the final day of the season after fielding a reserve side.

====[[2009-10 Football League Championship#League table|Standings]]====
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; margin:0;"
|-
!width=30|Pos
!Club
!width=30|Pld
!width=30|W
!width=30|D
!width=30|L
!width=30|F
!width=30|A
!width=30|GD
!width=30|Pts
|-
|3||align=left|[[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]]
|46||22||13||11||65||40||+25||79
|-
|'''4'''||align=left|'''[[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]'''
|'''46'''||'''22'''||'''10'''||'''14'''||'''73'''||'''54'''||'''+19'''||'''76'''
|-
|5||align=left|[[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
|46||21||13||12||61||45||+16||76
|}
'''Pld''' = Matches played; '''W''' = Matches won; '''D''' = Matches drawn; '''L''' = Matches lost; '''F''' = Goals for; '''A''' = Goals against; '''GD''' = Goal difference; '''Pts''' = Points

====Results summary====
{{Fb_rs |hw=12 |hd=6 |hl=5 |hgf=37 |hga=20 |aw=10 |ad=4 |al=9 |agf=36 |aga=34 }}
{{Fb_rs_footer |u=2 May |s=<ref>http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/LeagueTable/0,,10335~20090926,00.html</ref> }}

====Results by round====
{{Fb_rbr_header |nr=46 }}
{{Fb_rbr_ground|m1=H|m2=A|m3=A|m4=H|m5=A|m6=H|m7=A|m8=H|m9=A|m10=H|m11=A|m12=H|m13=H|m14=A|m15=H|m16=A|m17=A|m18=H|m19=H|m20=A|m21=A|m22=H|m23=A|m24=H|m25=A|m26=A|m27=H|m28=A|m29=H|m30=H|m31=H|m32=A|m33=H|m34=A|m35=A|m36=A|m37=H|m38=H|m39=A|m40=H|m41=H|m42=A|m43=H|m44=A|m45=H|m46=A}}
{{Fb_rbr_result|m1=W|m2=D|m3=W|m4=W|m5=L|m6=L|m7=W|m8=L|m9=L|m10=W|m11=W|m12=D|m13=W|m14=W|m15=D|m16=L|m17=L|m18=L|m19=W|m20=W|m21=W|m22=L|m23=D|m24=D|m25=D|m26=W|m27=W|m28=L|m29=W|m30=D|m31=L|m32=L|m33=W|m34=L|m35=L|m36=W|m37=W|m38=D|m39=W|m40=W|m41=W|m42=D|m43=D|m44=W|m45=W|m46=L}}
{{Fb3_rbr_position|m1=1|m2=2|m3=1|m4=1|m5=2|m6=8|m7=4|m8=6|m9=9|m10=5|m11=4|m12=3|m13=3|m14=2|m15=3|m16=3|m17=5|m18=8|m19=5|m20=3|m21=3|m22=5|m23=4|m24=4|m25=5|m26=4|m27=4|m28=4|m29=4|m30=5|m31=5|m32=6|m33=6|m34=6|m35=6|m36=6|m37=6|m38=6|m39=4|m40=4|m41=4|m42=4|m43=4|m44=4|m45=4|m46=4}}
{{Fb_rbr_footer |u=2 May|s=<ref>http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/Fixtures/0,,10335,00.html</ref> }}

====League Play-Offs====
Cardiff took on [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] in the Play-Offs semi-finals. Due to Cardiff finishing 4th and Leicester finishing 5th, Cardiff won 1–0 at the [[Walkers Stadium]] for the first leg on 9 May with free-kick of [[Peter Whittingham]] before playing the second leg at the [[Cardiff City Stadium]] on 11 May.<ref>{{cite news |title=Champions Play-Offs comfirmed |url=http://www.football-league.co.uk/championship/news/20100502/championship-play-offs-confirmed_2248204_2041459 |work=[[The Football League]] |date=02.05.2010 |accessdate=02.05.2010}}</ref> Cardiff lost the second leg 3–2 after [[Michael Chopra]] put them ahead, [[Matty Fryatt]], an own goal by [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] and [[Andy King (Welsh footballer)|Andy King]] put Leicester 3–1 up. [[Peter Whittingham]] scored a penalty to make it 3–3 on aggregate and Cardiff went on to win 4–3 on penalties.

=====Final=====
{{main|2010 Football League Championship play-off Final}}

Cardiff met [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]] at [[Wembley Stadium|Wembley]] on 22 May after they beat [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]] 6–4 on aggregate. Cardiff took the lead in 9 minutes through [[Michael Chopra]] before [[Charlie Adam (footballer born 1985)|Charlie Adam]] equalised through a free kick just 4 minutes later. [[Joe Ledley]] put the Bluebirds back in the lead, but [[Gary Taylor-Fletcher]] equalised and [[Brett Ormerod]] put the ''Tangerines'' 3–2 up.<ref>{{cite news |title=Blackpool 3–2 Cardiff |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8692465.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Coparation |date=22 May 2010 |accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref>

===FA Cup===
Cardiff start their FA Cup in the third round and were drawn against Severnside rivals [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]], taking place at [[Ashton Gate Stadium|Ashton Gate]] on 2 January.<ref>{{cite news |title=FA Cup:It's Robins away |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1889806,00.html |work=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2009-11-29 |accessdate=2009-11-29}}</ref> The game was called off due to a frozen pitch at [[Ashton Gate]], meaning both Cardiff and Bristol would go into the draw for the 4th round.<ref>{{cite news |title=FA Cup match off: Frozen Pitch |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1920845,00.html |work=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2010-01-02 |accessdate=2010-01-02}}</ref> Cardiff were drawn against [[Football League Championship|Championship]] rivals [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] at [[Cardiff City Stadium]] should they beat [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] on 12 January.<ref>{{cite news |title=FA Cup: Bluebirds or Robins vs Foxes |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1921827,00.html |work=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2010-01-03 |accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> A 1–1 draw at Ashton Gate resulted in the tie going to a replay at the Cardiff City Stadium,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8451789.stm |title=Cardiff 1–0 Bristol City |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2010-01-12 |accessdate=2010-01-19}}</ref> which Cardiff won 1–0 after an own goal from [[Bradley Orr]]. Cardiff procceded to the 5th round after a 4–2 win over [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]. Cardiff then drew [[Premier League]] outfit [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] for the 5th Round,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1942866,00.html |title=It's Chelsea Vs. Cardiff |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=2010-01-24 |accessdate=2010-01-24}}</ref> suffering a 4–1 defeat.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8506485.stm |title=Chelsea 4–1 Cardiff |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2010-02-13 |accessdate=2010-02-13}}</ref>

===League Cup===
In the first round of the [[Football League Cup]], Cardiff were drawn against [[Football League Two]] side [[Dagenham & Redbridge F.C.|Dagenham & Redbridge]]. Played on 11 August, the game ended in a 3–1 win for Cardiff with goals from [[Gavin Rae]], [[Jay Bothroyd]] and [[Peter Whittingham]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8187694.stm |title=Cardiff 3–1 Dag & Red |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |date=2009-08-11 |accessdate=2009-08-12}}</ref> The second round saw Cardiff drawn against [[Football League One]] side and Severnside rivals [[Bristol Rovers F.C.|Bristol Rovers]]. Played on 26 August, Cardiff went on to win the tie with goals from [[Michael Chopra]], [[Peter Whittingham]] and a first professional goal for teenager [[Josh Magennis]]. Cardiff's League Cup campaign came to an end in the third round after losing 1–0 to [[Premier League]] side [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]].

==Squad==
{{Updated|16 February 2010}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Cardiff City 1st Team profiles |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/ProfilesDetail/0,,10335,00.html |publisher=cardiffcityfc.co.uk |date=24 December 2009 |accessdate=24 December 2009}}</ref>

===Detailed Overview===
{| class="wikitable" class= style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
|-
!No.
!Name
!Nat.
!Place of Birth
!Date of Birth
!Club Apps.
!Club Goals
!Int. Caps
!Int. Goals
!Previous Club
!Date Joined
!Fee
!Contract End
|-
|1
|[[David Marshall (footballer)|David Marshall]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Glasgow]]
|5 March 1985
| -
| -
|5
|0
|[[Norwich City F.C.|Norwich City]]
|12 May 2009
|£500,000
|2012
|-
|2
|[[Kevin McNaughton]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Dundee]]
|28 August 1982
|131
|2
|4
|0
|[[Aberdeen F.C.|Aberdeen]]
|26 May 2006
|Free
|2011
|-
|3
|[[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Mark Kennedy]]
|{{flagicon|IRL}}
|[[Dublin]]
|15 May 1976
|40
|0
|34
|4
|[[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]
|10 July 2008
|Free
|2011
|-
|4
|[[Gavin Rae]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Aberdeen]]
|28 November 1977
|101
|5
|14
|0
|[[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]]
|7 October 2007
|Free
|2011
|-
|5
|[[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|[[Guildford]]
|30 March 1982
| -
| -
| -
| -
|[[Charlton Athletic F.C.|Charlton Athletic]]
|2 July 2009
|£1,075,000
|2012
|-
|6
|[[Gábor Gyepes]]
|{{flagicon|HUN}}
|[[Budapest]]
|26 June 1981
|29
|1
|22
|1
|[[Northampton Town F.C.|Northampton Town]]
|19 August 2008
|£200,000
|2012
|-
|7
|[[Peter Whittingham]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|[[Nuneaton]]
|8 September 1984
|108
|17
| -
| -
|[[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]
|11 January 2007
|£350,000
|2011
|-
|8
|[[Michael Chopra]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|[[Newcastle upon Tyne]]
|23 December 1983
|71
|31
| -
| -
|[[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]]
|1 July 2009
|£3,000,000
|2012
|-
|9
|[[Jay Bothroyd]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|London
|5 May 1982
|44
|12
| -
| -
|[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]]
|4 August 2008
|£350,000
|2011
|-
|10
|[[Stephen McPhail]]
|{{flagicon|IRL}}
|London {{flagicon|ENG}}
|9 December 1979
|107
|3
|10
|1
|[[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]
|13 June 2006
|Free
|2011
|-
|11
|[[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Glasgow]]
|2 December 1983
|16
|1
|1
|0
|[[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]]
|9 January 2009
|Free
|2011
|-
|12
|[[Tony Capaldi]]
|{{flagicon|NIR}}
|[[Porsgrunn]] {{flagicon|NOR}}
|12 August 1981
|60
|0
|22
|0
|[[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]]
|25 May 2007
|Free
|2010
|-
|14
|[[Paul Quinn]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Wishaw]]
|21 July 1985
| -
| -
| -
| -
|[[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell]]
|4 June 2009
|£300,000
|2012
|-
|15
|[[Anthony Gerrard]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|[[Liverpool]]
|6 February 1986
| -
| -
| -
| -
|[[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]]
|2 July 2009
|£200,000
|2012
|-
|16
|[[Joe Ledley]]
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|[[Cardiff]]
|23 January 1987
|220
|26
|12
|1
|N/A
|1 June 2004
|Trainee
|2010
|-
|17
|[[Kelvin Etuhu]]
|{{flagicon|Nigeria}}
|[[Kano]]
|30 May 1988
| -
| -
| -
| -
|[[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]]
|22 August 2009
|Loan
|2010
|-
|18
|[[Solomon Taiwo]]
|{{flagicon|Nigeria}}
|[[Lagos]]
|29 April 1985
| -
| -
| -
| -
|[[Dagenham & Redbridge F.C.|Dagenham & Redbridge]]
|25 August 2009
|£250,000
|2012
|-
|20
|[[Peter Enckelman]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}}
|[[Turku]]
|10 March 1977
|35
|0
|11
|0
|[[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]]
|18 July 2008
|Free
|2010
|-
|23
|[[Darcy Blake]]
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|[[New Tredegar]]
|13 December 1988
|36
|0
| -
| -
|N/A
|1 June 2005
|Trainee
|2011
|-
|24
|[[Miguel Comminges]]
|{{flagicon|Guadeloupe}}
|[[Les Abymes]]
|16 March 1982
|33
|0
|15
|0
|[[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]]
|1 June 2008
|Free
|2011
|-
|26
|[[Warren Feeney]]
|{{flagicon|NIR}}
|[[Belfast]]
|17 January 1981
|12
|0
|27
|5
|[[Luton Town F.C.|Luton Town]]
|22 March 2007
|Free
|2010
|-
|27
|[[Adam Matthews]]
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|[[Swansea]]
|13 January 1992
| -
| -
| -
| -
|N/A
|14 January 2009
|Trainee
|2011
|-
|28
|[[Aaron Wildig]]
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|[[Hereford]]
|15 April 1992
| -
| -
| -
| -
|N/A
|15 April 2009
|Trainee
|
|-
|29
|[[Josh Magennis]]
|{{flagicon|NIR}}
|[[Bangor, Gwynedd|Bangor]]
|15 August 1990
| -
| -
| -
| -
|N/A
|1 June 2009
|Trainee
|2010
|-
|32
|[[Aaron Morris]]
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|[[Cardiff]]
|30 December 1989
|3
|0
| -
| -
|N/A
|1 June 2007
|Trainee
|2010
|-
|44
|[[Ross McCormack]]
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|[[Glasgow]]
|18 August 1984
|44
|23
|1
|0
|[[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell]]
|28 June 2008
|Free
|2014
|-
|49
|Jon Meades
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|
|2 March 1992
| -
| -
| -
| -
| N/A
|1 June 2009
|Trainee
| -
|}

===Statistics===
{{Updated|22 May 2010}}
{{Efs start|[[Football League Championship|Championship]]|[[FA Cup]]|[[Football League Cup|League Cup]]|[[Football League Championship play-offs|Play-offs]]}}
{{Efs player | no= 1 |nat=Scotland | pos=GK | name=[[David Marshall (footballer)|David Marshall]] |43|0|4|0|0|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 2 | nat=Scotland | pos=DF | name=[[Kevin McNaughton]] |21|0|2|0|0|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 3 | nat=Ireland | pos=MF | name=[[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Mark Kennedy]] |30|0|3|0|0|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 4 | nat=Scotland | pos=MF | name=[[Gavin Rae]] |36|1|2|0|3|1|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 5 | nat=England | pos=DF | name=[[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] |27|2|2|0|1|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 6 | nat=Hungary | pos=DF | name=[[Gábor Gyepes]] |16|1|2|0|2|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 7 | nat=England | pos=MF | name=[[Peter Whittingham]] |41|20|4|1|3|2|3|2}}
{{Efs player | no= 8 | nat=England | pos=FW | name=[[Michael Chopra]] |41|16|4|2|3|1|3|2}}
{{Efs player | no= 9 | nat=England | pos=FW | name=[[Jay Bothroyd]] |40|11|3|1|2|1|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 10 | nat=Ireland | pos=MF | name=[[Stephen McPhail]] |21|0|0|0|2|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 11 | nat=Scotland | pos=MF | name=[[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke]] |44|9|3|1|2|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 12 | nat=Northern Ireland | pos=DF | name=[[Tony Capaldi]] |15|0|0|0|3|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 14 | nat=Scotland | pos=DF | name=[[Paul Quinn]] |22|0|2|0|2|0|1|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 15 | nat=England | pos=DF | name=[[Anthony Gerrard]] |39|2|4|0|3|0|1|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 16 | nat=Wales | pos=MF | name=[[Joe Ledley]] |29|3|3|0|1|0|3|1}}
{{Efs player | no= 17 | nat=Nigeria |pos=MF | name=[[Kelvin Etuhu]] |16|0|0|0|1|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 18 | nat=Nigeria | pos=MF | name=[[Solomon Taiwo]] |8|0|2|0|0|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 19 | nat=England | pos=MF | name=[[Riccardo Scimeca]]* |4|0|0|0|2|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 20 | nat=Finland | pos=GK | name=[[Peter Enckelman]] |4|0|0|0|3|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 23 | nat=Wales | pos=DF | name=[[Darcy Blake]] |18|0|3|0|0|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 24 | nat=Guadeloupe | pos=DF | name=[[Miguel Comminges]] |1|0|0|0|1|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 26 | nat=Northern Ireland | pos=FW | name=[[Warren Feeney]] |9|0|1|0|0|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 27 | nat=Wales | pos=DF | name=[[Adam Matthews]] |32|1|2|0|1|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 28 | nat=England | pos=MF | name=[[Aaron Wildig]] |11|1|3|0|3|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 29 | nat=Northern Ireland | pos=FW | name=[[Josh Magennis]] |9|0|0|0|1|1|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 32 | nat=Wales | pos=DF | name=[[Aaron Morris]] |1|0|0|0|0|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 44 | nat=Scotland | pos=FW | name=[[Ross McCormack]] |34|4|4|1|0|0|3|0}}
{{Efs player | no= 49 | nat=Wales | pos=MF | name=Jonathan Meades |0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0}}
{{Efs player | no= — | nat=Ireland | pos=DF | name=[[Darren Dennehy]] |0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0}}
|}
* * Indicates player left club during the season.

====Starting XI====
The following players have been named in the most starting line-ups. This line-up may differ from the list of players with most appearances.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{| class="wikitable" class="sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
|-
! class="unsortable" style="width:20px;"|No.
! class="unsortable" style="width:24px;"|Nat.
!class="unsortable" |Position
! class="unsortable" style="width:170px;"|Name
! style="width:110px;"|Starts
|-
|1
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|GK
|align="left"|[[David Marshall (footballer)|David Marshall]]
|50
|-
|27
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|DF
|align="left"|[[Adam Matthews]]
|27
|-
|5
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|DF
|align="left"|[[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]]
|32
|-
|15
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|DF
|align="left"|[[Anthony Gerrard]]
|47
|-
|3
|{{flagicon|IRE}}
|DF
|align="left"|[[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Mark Kennedy]]
|30
|-
|11
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|MF
|align="left"|[[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke]]
|45
|-
|4
|{{flagicon|SCO}}
|MF
|align="left"|[[Gavin Rae]]
|33
|-
|16
|{{flagicon|WAL}}
|MF
|align="left"|[[Joe Ledley]]
|34
|-
|7
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|MF
|align="left"|[[Peter Whittingham]]
|51
|-
|8
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|FW
|align="left"|[[Michael Chopra]]
|44
|-
|9
|{{flagicon|ENG}}
|FW
|align="left"|[[Jay Bothroyd]]
|48
|}
{{col-2}}
{| style="float:center; width:200px; border:0;"
|-
|
<div style="position: relative;">
[[Image:Soccer Field Transparant.svg|200px]]
{{Image label|x=0.27|y=0.06|scale=350|text={{flagicon|SCO}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.25|y=0.09|scale=350|text=[[David Marshall (footballer)|Marshall]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.07|y=0.25|scale=350|text={{flagicon|WAL}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.05|y=0.28|scale=350|text=[[Adam Matthews|Matthews]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.36|y=0.16|scale=350|text={{flagicon|ENG}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.16|y=0.19|scale=350|text=[[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Hudson]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.18|y=0.16|scale=350|text={{flagicon|ENG}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.34|y=0.19|scale=350|text=[[Anthony Gerrard|Gerrard]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.46|y=0.25|scale=350|text={{flagicon|IRE}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.44|y=0.28|scale=350|text=[[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Kennedy]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.07|y=0.51|scale=350|text={{flagicon|SCO}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.07|y=0.54|scale=350|text=[[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.18|y=0.42|scale=350|text={{flagicon|SCO}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.18|y=0.45|scale=350|text=[[Gavin Rae|Rae]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.37|y=0.42|scale=350|text={{flagicon|WAL}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.36|y=0.45|scale=350|text=[[Joe Ledley|Ledley]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.46|y=0.51|scale=350|text={{flagicon|ENG}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.42|y=0.54|scale=350|text=[[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.18|y=0.66|scale=350|text={{flagicon|ENG}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.17|y=0.69|scale=350|text=[[Michael Chopra|Chopra]]}}
{{Image label|x=0.35|y=0.66|scale=350|text={{flagicon|ENG}}}}
{{Image label|x=0.33|y=0.69|scale=350|text=[[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]]}}
</div>
|}
{{col-end}}

====Captains====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Number
!Pos
!Player
!Starts (as captain)
|-
| 5 || DF || [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] || 32
|-
| 9 || FW || [[Jay Bothroyd]] || 17
|-
| 10 || MF || [[Stephen McPhail]] || 4
|-
| 16 || MF || [[Joe Ledley]] || 2
|-
| 8 || FW || [[Michael Chopra]] || 1
|}

====Disciplinary record====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Number
!Pos
!Player
!{{yel}}
!{{sent off}}
|-
| 9 || FW || [[Jay Bothroyd]] || 13 || 0
|-
| 8 || FW || [[Michael Chopra]] || 12 || 0
|-
| 16 || MF || [[Joe Ledley]] || 3 || 1
|-
| 14 || DF || [[Paul Quinn]] || 8 || 0
|-
| 6 || DF || [[Gábor Gyepes]] || 2 || 1
|-
| 10 || MF || [[Stephen McPhail]] || 2 || 1
|-
| 15 || DF || [[Anthony Gerrard]] || 6 || 0
|-
| 12 || DF || [[Tony Capaldi]] || 0 || 1
|-
| 44 || FW || [[Ross McCormack]] || 6 || 0
|-
| 5 || DF || [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]] || 3 || 0
|-
| 11 || MF || [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke]] || 2 || 0
|-
| 26 || FW || [[Warren Feeney]] || 2 ||0
|-
| 1 || GK || [[David Marshall (footballer)|David Marshall]] || 2 || 0
|-
| 2 || DF || [[Kevin McNaughton]] || 2 || 0
|-
| 4 || MF || [[Gavin Rae]] || 2 || 0
|-
| 7 || MF || [[Peter Whittingham]] || 2 || 0
|-
| 23 || MF || [[Darcy Blake]] || 1 || 0
|-
| 17 || MF || [[Kelvin Etuhu]] || 1 || 0
|-
| 3 || DF || [[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Mark Kennedy]] || 1 || 0
|-
| 27 || DF || [[Adam Matthews]] || 1 || 0
|-
| 18 || MF || [[Solomon Taiwo]] || 1 || 0
|}

==Transfers==
===Summer transfer window ins===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Player
!Club
!Fee
|-
| [[Michael Chopra]]
| [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]]
| £3m
|-
| [[Anthony Gerrard]]
| [[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]]
| Undisclosed
|-
| [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Mark Hudson]]
| [[Charlton Athletic F.C.|Charlton Athletic]]
| £1.075m
|-
| [[David Marshall (footballer)|David Marshall]]
| [[Norwich City F.C.|Norwich City]]
| Undisclosed
|-
| [[Paul Quinn]]
| [[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell]]
| Undisclosed
|-
| [[Solomon Taiwo]]
| [[Dagenham & Redbridge F.C.|Dagenham & Redbridge]]
| £250,000
|}
* Total spent: {{loss}} ~ £5,250,750

===Summer transfer window outs===
* * Indicates the player joined the club after being released.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Player
!Club
!Fee
|-
| [[Jonathan Brown (Welsh footballer)|Jonathan Brown]]
| [[Bryntirion Athletic F.C.|Bryntirion Athletic]]*
| Free
|-
| [[Roger Johnson (footballer)|Roger Johnson]]
| [[Birmingham City F.C.|Birmingham City]]
| £5m
|-
| [[Paul Parry]]
| [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]
| Undisclosed
|-
| [[Darren Purse]]
| [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]]*
| Free
|-
| [[Erwin Sak]]
| [[Wrexham F.C.|Wrexham]]*
| Free
|}
* Total income: {{gain}} ~ £5,300,000 

===Loans in===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Player
!Club
!Arrival date
!Return date
|-
|[[Kelvin Etuhu]]
|[[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]]
|22 August
|End of season
|}

===Loans out===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Player
!Club
!Departure date
!Return date
|-
| [[Darren Dennehy]]
| [[Hereford United F.C.|Hereford United]]
| 2 July
| 23 December
|-
| [[Darcy Blake]]
| [[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]]
| 28 August
| 1 January
|-
| [[Josh Magennis]]
| [[Grimsby Town F.C.|Grimsby Town]]{{ref| 1}}
| 15 October
| 15 November
|-
| [[Warren Feeney]]
| [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]]
| 26 November
| 28 December
|-
| [[Tony Capaldi]]
| [[Leeds United A.F.C.|Leeds United]]
| 26 November
| 4 January
|-
| [[Aaron Morris]]
| [[Newport County A.F.C.|Newport County]]
| 23 December
| 29 February
|-
| [[Darren Dennehy]]
| [[Gillingham F.C.|Gillingham]]
| 21 January
| 25 April
|}
* {{note|1|1}} Player returned before return date.

==Fixtures & results==
===Pre-season friendlies===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date!!Opponent!!Venue!!Result!!Attendance!!Scorers
|- style="background:#dfd;"
| Jul 10 || [[Chasetown F.C.|Chasetown]] ([[Southern Football League Division One Midlands]]) || H || W 4 – 0 || – || [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]], [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]], [[Josh Magennis|Magennis]], [[Adam Matthews|Matthews]]
|- style="background:#dfd;"
| Jul 15 || [[C.D. Fátima|Fátima]] ([[Liga de Honra]]) || A || W 1 – 0 || – || [[Maroš Klimpl|Klimpl]]
|- style="background:#dfd;"
| Jul 18 || President's XI (Portugal) || N || W 3 – 0 || – || [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] (2), [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]]
|- style="background:#ffd;"
| Jul 22 || [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]] ([[Scottish Premier League]])|| H || D 0 – 0 || 15,071 ||
|- style="background:#ffd;"
| Jul 25 || [[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]] ([[Football League One]])|| A || D 0 – 0 || – ||
|- style="background:#fdd;"
| Aug 01 || [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] ([[La Liga]])|| H || L 0 – 2 || 13,010 ||
|}

===League===
{{Footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|8 August}}
| round = 1
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 4 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8184416.stm report]
| team2 = [[Scunthorpe United F.C.|Scunthorpe United]]
| goals1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|21| |45+2}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|31}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|90+3|[[Penalty kick|P]]}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 22,264
| referee = Moss
}}
----
{{Footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|15 August}}
| round = 2
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8194853.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Ian Evatt|Evatt]] {{goal|45+1}}
| goals2 = {{goal|12}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]]
| stadium = [[Bloomfield Road]]
| location = [[Blackpool]]
| attendance = 7,698
| referee = Hegley
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|18 August}}
| round = 3
| time = 19:45 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]]
| score = 1 – 3
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8195657.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Alan Gow|Gow]] {{goal|90|[[Penalty kick|P]]}}
| goals2 = {{goal|4| |80| |85|[[Penalty kick|P]]}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{sent off|0|90}} [[Tony Capaldi|Capaldi]]
| stadium = [[Home Park]]
| location = [[Plymouth]]
| attendance = 11,918
| referee = Russell Booth
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|23 August}}
| round = 4
| time = 13:45 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 3 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8203060.stm report]
| team2 = [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]
| goals1 = [[Jamie McCombe|McCombe]] {{goal|37|[[Own Goal|OG]]}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|45+2}} [[Gavin Rae|Rae]] {{goal|66}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,853
| referee = [[Kevin Friend]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|29 August}}
| round = 5
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]
| score = 2 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8215146.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Adam Lockwood|Lockwood]] {{goal|13}} [[James Hayter (footballer)|Hayter]] {{goal|17}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Keepmoat Stadium]]
| location = [[Doncaster]]
| attendance = 9,742
| referee = Ilderton
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|13 September}}
| round = 6
| time = 14:05 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 0 – 1
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8244152.stm report]
| team2 = [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|18}} [[Fabricio Coloccini|Coloccini]] {{sent off|0|90+2}} [[Alan Smith (footballer born 1980)|Smith]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 25,630
| referee = Hall
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|16 September}}
| round = 7
| time = 20:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Reading F.C.|Reading]]
| score = 0 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8244195.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|58}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{sent off|0|75}} [[Stephen McPhail|McPhail]]
| stadium = [[Madjeski Stadium]]
| location = [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]]
| attendance = 16,687
| referee = [[Anthony Taylor (referee)|Anthony Taylor]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|19 September}}
| round = 8
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 0 – 2
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8251436.stm report]
| team2 = [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|19| |40}} [[Jay Simpson|Simpson]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,121
| referee = Probert
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|26 September}}
| round = 9
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]]
| score = 3 – 1
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8263782.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Etiënne Esajas|Esajas]] {{goal|4}} [[Luke Varney|Varney]] {{goal|48}} [[Leon Clarke|Clarke]] {{goal|80}}
| goals2 = {{goal|16|[[Penalty kick|P]]}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{sent off|0|73}} [[Joe Ledley|Ledley]]
| stadium = [[Hillsbrough]]
| location = [[Sheffield]]
| attendance = 18,959
| referee = [[Michael Oliver (referee)|Michael Oliver]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|29 September}}
| round = 10
| time = 19:45 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 6 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8267511.stm report]
| team2 = [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]]
| goals1 = [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|10}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|36| |57| |62| |75}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|75}}
| goals2 = {{goal|47}} [[Rob Hulse|Hulse]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 18,670
| referee = Hooper
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|3 October}}
| round = 11
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Watford F.C.|Watford]]
| score = 0 – 4
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8273867.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|24|[[Penalty kick|P]]| |66}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|41}} [[Adam Matthews|Matthews]] {{goal|67}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]]
| stadium = [[Vicarage Road]]
| location = [[Watford]]
| attendance = 13,895
| referee = Woolmer
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|17 October}}
| round = 12
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8302312.stm report]
| team2 = [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]
| goals1 = [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|19}}
| goals2 = {{goal|13|[[Own Goal|OG]]}} [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Hudson]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 21,457
| referee = [[Steve Tanner (referee)|Steve Tanner]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|20 October}}
| round = 13
| time = 19:45 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8303233.stm report]
| team2 = [[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]]
| goals1 = [[Anthony Gerrard|Gerrard]] {{goal|5}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|60|[[Penalty kick|P]]}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,038
| referee = Russell
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|24 October}}
| round = 14
| time = 15:00 [[British summer time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]
| score = 3 – 4
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8316505.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Darius Henderson|Henderson]] {{goal|43| |45+3}} [[James Harper (footballer)|Harper]] {{goal|90+4}}
| goals2 = {{goal|41}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|45+1|[[Penalty kick|P]]| |60| |85}}
| stadium = [[Bramall Lane]]
| location = [[Sheffield]]
| attendance = 25,021
| referee = Kettle
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|1 November}}
| round = 15
| time = 17:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8327996.stm report]
| team2 = [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]]
| goals1 = [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|63}}
| goals2 = {{goal|90+1}} [[Lewis McGugan|McGugan]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,413
| referee = Salisbury
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|7 November}}
| round = 16
| time = 12:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]]
| score = 3 – 2
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8340774.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Nathan Dyer|Dyer]] {{goal|9}} [[Darren Pratley|Pratley]] {{goal|16| |61}}
| goals2 = {{goal|32}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|35}} [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Hudson]]
| stadium = [[Liberty Stadium, Swansea|Liberty Stadium]]
| location = [[Swansea]]
| attendance = 18,209
| referee = Probert
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|21 November}}
| round = 17
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8350536.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Ryan Dickinson|Dickinson]] {{goal|90+4}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Oakwell]]
| location = [[Barnsley]]
| attendance = 11,903
| referee = Wright
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|29 November}}
| round = 18
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 2
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8376961.stm report]
| team2 = [[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]
| goals1 = [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|35}}
| goals2 = {{goal|73}} [[Jonathan Walters|Walters]] {{goal|85}} [[Jon Stead|Stead]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,463
| referee = Singh
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|5 December}}
| round = 19
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8388828.stm report]
| team2 = [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]
| goals1 = [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|55}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 18,735
| referee = East
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|8 December}}
| round = 20
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]
| score = 0 – 2
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8390856.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Scott Carson|Carson]] {{sent off|0|82}}
| goals2 = {{goal|18}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|85}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]
| stadium = [[The Hawthorns]]
| location = [[West Bromwich]]
| attendance = 20,742
| referee = [[Anthony Taylor (referee)|Anthony Taylor]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|13 December}}
| round = 21
| time = 13:15 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]
| score = 0 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8404864.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|61}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]]
| stadium = [[Riverside Stadium]]
| location = [[Middlesbrough]]
| attendance = 17,232
| referee = Hegley
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|19 December}}
| round =
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = v
| result = V
| report =
| team2 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|26 December}}
| round = 22
| time = 13:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 0 – 1
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8424590.stm report]
| team2 = [[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|84}} [[Gary Sawyer|Sawyer]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 24,010
| referee = Phil Gibbs
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|28 December}}
| round = 23
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]]
| score = 4 – 4
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8426500.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Josh Simpson (English footballer)|Simpson]] {{goal|51| |90+2}} [[Charlie Lee|Lee]] {{goal|68}} [[George Boyd (footballer)|Boyd]] {{goal|89}}
| goals2 = {{goal|6| |23}} [[Joe Ledley|Ledley]] {{goal|34}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|38}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]
| stadium = [[London Road Stadium]]
| location = [[Peterborough]]
| attendance = 9,796
| referee = Whitestone
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|9 January}}
| round = 24
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8442419.stm report]
| team2 = [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]]
| goals1 = [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Hudson]] {{goal|9}}
| goals2 = {{goal|46}} [[Charlie Adam|Adam]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,147
| referee = Ward
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|16 January}}
| round = 25
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Scunthorpe United F.C.|Scunthorpe United]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8454835.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Garry O'Connor|O'Connor]] {{goal|11}}
| goals2 = {{goal|82}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]
| stadium = [[Glanford Park]]
| location = [[Scunthorpe]]
| attendance = 5,032
| referee = Mathieson
}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|26 January}}
| round = 26
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]
| score = 0 – 6
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8470722.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|19}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|23| |57}} [[Ross McCormack|McCormack]] {{goal|24| |46}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|43|[[Own Goal|OG]]}} [[Liam Fontaine|Fontaine]]
| stadium = [[Ashton Gate]]
| location = [[Bristol]]
| attendance = 13,825
| referee = [[Andy D'Urso]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|30 January}}
| round = 27
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8483697.stm report]
| team2 = [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]
| goals1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|9}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|90+2}}
| goals2 = {{goal|65}} [[Gareth Roberts (footballer)|Roberts]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,730
| referee = Scott}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|5 February}}
| round = 28
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]]
| score = 5 – 1
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8495606.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Andy Carroll|Carroll]] {{goal|3| |15}} [[Gábor Gyepes|Gyepes]] {{goal|6|[[Own Goal|OG]]}} [[Peter Løvenkrands|Løvenkrands]] {{goal|69| |82}}
| goals2 = {{goal|89}} [[Aaron Wildig|Wildig]]
| stadium = [[St James' Park]]
| location = [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]]
| attendance = 44,028
| referee = [[Kevin Friend]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|9 January}}
| round = 29
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8501051.stm report]
| team2 = [[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]]
| goals1 = [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|30}} [[Anthony Gerrard|Gerrard]] {{goal|78}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 17,686
| referee = Penn}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|12 February}}
| round =
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]
| score = v
| result = V
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| stadium = [[Portman Road]]
| location = [[Ipswich]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|16 February}}
| round = 30
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8510853.stm report]
| team2 = [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]
| goals1 = [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|8|[[Penalty kick|P]]}}
| goals2 = {{goal|45+4}} [[Gianni Zuiverloon|Zuiverloon]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,758
| referee = Woolmer}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|20 February}}
| round = 31
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 0 – 2
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8520637.stm report]
| team2 = [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|9| |12}} [[Daniel Bogdanovic|Bogdanovic]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,753
| referee = [[Keith Stroud]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|27 February}}
| round = 32
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]
| score = 3 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8534674.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Jon Parkin|Parkin]] {{goal|30|[[Penalty kick|P]]| |54}} [[Paul Coutts|Coutts]] {{sent off|0|52}} [[Chris Brown (footballer born 1984)|Brown]] {{goal|86}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Deepdale]]
| location = [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]]
| attendance = 11,777
| referee = Hall}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|6 March}}
| round = 33
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8544282.stm report]
| team2 = [[Middlesbrough F.C.|Middlesbrough]]
| goals1 = [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|3}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 19,803
| referee = Deadman}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|9 March}}
| round = 34
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]
| score = 2 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8555360.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Daryl Murphy|Murphy]] {{goal|18| |58}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Portman Road]]
| location = [[Ipswich]]
| attendance = 19,997
| referee = Hegley}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|13 March}}
| round = 35
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8558596.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Martyn Waghorn|Waghorn]] {{goal|29}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Walkers Stadium]]
| location = [[Leicester]]
| attendance = 22,767
| referee = Evans}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|16 March}}
| round = 36
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]]
| score = 1 – 2
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8564998.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Clinton Morrison|Morrison]] {{goal|32}}
| goals2 = {{goal|41}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|90+2|[[Penalty kick|P]]}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]
| stadium = [[Ricoh Arena]]
| location = [[Coventry]]
| attendance = 16,038
| referee = Hooper}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|21 March}}
| round = 37
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 3 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8572552.stm report]
| team2 = [[Watford F.C.|Watford]]
| goals1 = [[Ross McCormack|McCormack]] {{goal|7}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|63}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|78}}
| goals2 = {{goal|90+3}} [[Heiðar Helguson|Helguson]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,130
| referee = Crossley}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|24 March}}
| round = 38
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8573100.stm report]
| team2 = [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]
| goals1 = [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|45}}
| goals2 = {{goal|67}} [[Stephen Quinn|Quinn]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 18,715
| referee = Danny McDermid}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|27 March}}
| round = 39
| time = 12:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]
| score = 1 – 2
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8585135.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Clint Hill (footballer)|Hill]] {{goal|58}}
| goals2 = {{goal|4}} [[Gábor Gyepes|Gyepes]] {{goal|67}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]]
| stadium = [[Selhurst Park]]
| location = London
| attendance = 13,464
| referee = Boyeson}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|30 March}}
| round = 40
| time = 19:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8592880.stm report]
| team2 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| goals1 = [[Ross McCormack|McCormack]] {{goal|10}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|45}} {{sent off|0|71}} [[Gábor Gyepes|Gyepes]]
| goals2 = {{goal|52}} [[Steve Howard|Howard]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 20,438
| referee = Graham}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|3 April}}
| round = 41
| time = 17:20 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8594829.stm report]
| goals1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|42| |90+2}}
| goals2 = {{goal|28}} [[Andrea Orlandi|Orlandi]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 25,130
| referee = [[Phil Dowd]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|5 April}}
| round = 42
| time = 17:15 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]]
| score = 0 – 0
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8595424.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[City Ground]]
| location = [[Nottingham]]
| attendance = 22,185
| referee = Foy}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|10 April}}
| round = 43
| time = 15:00 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 0 – 0
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8607356.stm report]
| team2 = [[Reading F.C.|Reading]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 21,248
| referee = Bates}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|17 April}}
| round = 44
| time = 15:00 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8615973.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|80}} [[Joe Ledley|Ledley]]
| stadium = [[Loftus Road]]
| location = London
| attendance = 12,832
| referee = [[Michael Oliver (referee)|Michael Oliver]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|24 April}}
| round = 45
| time = 15:00 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 3 – 2
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8632399.stm report]
| team2 = [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]]
| goals1 = [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|17}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|54| |81}}
| goals2 = {{goal|15}} [[Jermaine Johnson|Johnson]] {{goal|78}} [[Marcus Tudgay|Tudgay]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 23,304
| referee = [[Anthony Taylor (referee)|Anthony Taylor]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|2 May}}
| round = 46
| time = 13:00 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]]
| score = 2 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8644971.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[James McEveley|McEveley]] {{goal|48}} [[Dave Martin (footballer born 1985)|Martin]] {{goal|62}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Pride Park Stadium]]
| location = [[Derby]]
| attendance = 31,102
| referee = Webster}}

===Play-offs===
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|9 May}}
| round = Semi-final (1st leg)
| time = 13:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| score = 0 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8659717.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = {{goal|78}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]]
| stadium = [[Walkers Stadium]]
| location = [[Leicester]]
| attendance = 29,165
| referee = [[Alan Wiley]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|12 May}}
| round = Semi-final (2nd leg)
| time = 19:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 2 – 3 ([[After Extra Time|a.e.t]])
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8672579.stm report]
| team2 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| goals1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|21}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|69|[[Penalty kick|P]]}}
| goals2 = {{goal|25}} [[Matty Fryatt|Fryatt]] {{goal|36|[[Own Goal|OG]]}} [[Mark Hudson (footballer born 1982)|Hudson]] {{goal|49}} [[Andy King (footballer born 1988)|King]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 26,033
| penalties1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{pengoal}} [[Ross McCormack|McCormack]] {{pengoal}} [[Joe Ledley|Ledley]] {{pengoal}} [[Mark Kennedy (footballer)|Kennedy]] {{pengoal}}
| referee = [[Howard Webb]]
| penaltyscore = 4 – 3
| penalties2 = {{pengoal}} [[Bruno Berner|Berner]] {{pengoal}} [[Steve Howard|Howard]] {{pengoal}} [[Nolberto Solano|Solano]] {{penmiss}} [[Yann Kermorgant|Kermorgant]] {{penmiss}} [[Martyn Waghorn|Waghorn]] }}
''Cardiff City 3-3 on aggregate. Cardiff won 4-3 on penalties''
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|22 May}}
| round = [[2011 Football League Championship play-off final|Final]]
| time = 15:00 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| team1 = [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]]
| score = 3 – 2
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8692465.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Charlie Adam|Adam]] {{goal|13}} [[Gary Taylor-Fletcher|Taylor-Fletcher]] {{goal|41}} [[Brett Ormerod|Ormerod]] {{goal|45+1}}
| goals2 = {{goal|9}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|37}} [[Joe Ledley|Ledley]]
| stadium = [[Wembley Stadium]]
| location = London
| attendance = 82,244
| referee = [[Andre Marriner]]}}

===FA Cup===
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|12 January}}
| round = 3rd Round
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]
| score = 1 – 1
| result = D
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8451789.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Gavin Williams|Williams]] {{goal|90+2}}
| goals2 = {{goal|76}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]]
| stadium = [[Ashton Gate]]
| location = [[Bristol]]
| attendance = 7,289
| referee = [[Peter Walton (referee)|Peter Walton]]}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|19 January}}
| round = 3rd Round replay
| time = 19:45 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8466373.stm report]
| team2 = [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]
| goals1 = [[Bradley Orr|Orr]] {{goal|74|[[Own Goal|OG]]}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 6,731
| referee = Miller}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|23 January}}
| round = 4th Round
| time = 15:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 4 – 2
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8474352.stm report]
| team2 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
| goals1 = [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|17}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|71}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Burke]] {{goal|90+2}} [[Ross McCormack|McCormack]] {{goal|90+4}}
| goals2 = {{goal|34}} [[Michael Morrison (footballer)|Morrison]] {{goal|39}} [[Dany N'Guessan|N'Guessan]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 10,961
| referee = Crossley}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|13 February}}
| round = 5th Round
| time = 12:00 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| team1 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]
| score = 4 – 1
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/8506485.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Didier Drogba|Drogba]] {{goal|2}} [[Mikel Ballack|Ballack]] {{goal|51}} [[Daniel Sturridge|Sturridge]] {{goal|69}} [[Solomon Kalou|Kalou]] {{goal|86}}
| goals2 = {{goal|34}} [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]]
| stadium = [[Stamford Bridge (stadium)|Stamford Bridge]]
| location = London
| attendance = 40,827
| referee = [[Andre Marriner]]}}

===Football League Cup===
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|11 August}}
| time = 19:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| round = 1st Round
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 3 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8187694.stm report]
| team2 = [[Dagenham & Redbridge F.C.|Dagenham & Redbridge]]
| goals1 = [[Gavin Rae|Rae]] {{goal|20}} [[Jay Bothroyd|Bothroyd]] {{goal|26|[[Penalty kick|P]]}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|90+1}}
| goals2 = {{goal|81}} [[Josh Scott|Scott]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 5,545
| referee = Penn}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|26 August}}
| time = 19:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| round = 2nd Round
| team1 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| score = 3 – 1
| result = W
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8214924.stm report]
| team2 = [[Bristol Rovers F.C.|Bristol Rovers]]
| goals1 = [[Michael Chopra|Chopra]] {{goal|33}} [[Peter Whittingham|Whittingham]] {{goal|66}} [[Josh Magennis|Magennis]] {{goal|86}}
| goals2 = {{goal|75}} [[Steve Elliott (footballer born 1978)|Elliott]]
| stadium = [[Cardiff City Stadium]]
| location = [[Cardiff]]
| attendance = 9,767
| referee = East}}
----
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = {{Nowrap|23 September}}
| time = 19:45 [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| round = 3rd Round
| team1 = [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]
| score = 1 – 0
| result = L
| report = [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8257273.stm report]
| team2 = [[Cardiff City F.C.|Cardiff City]]
| goals1 = [[Gabriel Agbonlahor|Agbonlahor]] {{goal|3}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Villa Park]]
| location = [[Birmingham]]
| attendance = 22,527
| referee = [[Anthony Taylor (referee)|Anthony Taylor]]}}

==Overall Summary==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Summary===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|Games Played || 56 (46 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 3 Play-Offs, 4 [[FA Cup]], 3 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]]
|-
|Games Won || 28 (23 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 1 Play-Offs, 2 [[FA Cup]], 2 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Games Drawn || 11 (10 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 0 Play-Offs, 1 [[FA Cup]], 0 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Games Lost || 18 (14 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 2 Play-Offs, 1 [[FA Cup]], 1 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Goals Scored || 91 (73 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 5 Play-Offs, 7 [[FA Cup]], 6 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Goals Conceded || 70 (54 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 6 Play-Offs, 7 [[FA Cup]], 3 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Goal Difference || +21
|-
|Clean Sheets || 16 (14 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 1 Play-Offs, 1 [[FA Cup]], 0 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Yellow Cards || 76 (63 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 6 Play-Offs, 5 [[FA Cup]], 2 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Red Cards || 4 (4 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 0 Play-Offs, 0 [[FA Cup]], 0 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Worst Discipline || {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Jay Bothroyd]] (13 {{yel}}, 0 {{sent off|0}})
|-
|Best Result || 6-0 vs [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]
|-
|Worst Result || 1-5 vs [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]]
|-
|Most Appearances || {{flagicon|SCO}} [[Chris Burke (footballer)|Chris Burke]] 52 (44 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 3 Play-Offs, 3 [[FA Cup]], 2 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Top Scorer || {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Peter Whittingham]] 25 (20 [[Football League Championship|Championship]], 2 Play-Offs, 1 [[FA Cup]], 2 [[Football League Cup|League Cup]])
|-
|Points || 76 / 138 (55.88%)
|}
{{col-2}}

===Aggregate Scores===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!Opposition
!Home Score
!Away Score
!Aggregate Score
|-
|[[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]
|0 - 2
|0 - 1
|0 - 3
|-
|[[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]]
|1 - 1
|1 - 1
|2 - 2
|-
| style="background:#00f;"|[[Bristol City F.C.|'''Bristol City''']]
| style="background:#00f;"|'''3 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''6 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''9 - 0'''
|-
| style="background:#00f;"|[[Coventry City F.C.|'''Coventry City''']]
| style="background:#00f;"|'''2 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''2 - 1'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''4 - 1'''
|-
|[[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]
|1 - 1
|2 - 1
|3 - 2
|-
|[[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]]
|6 - 1
|0 - 2
|6 - 3
|-
|[[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]
|2 - 1
|0 - 2
|2 - 3
|-
|[[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]
|1 - 2
|0 - 2
|1 - 4
|-
|[[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
|2 - 1
|0 - 1
|2 - 2
|-
| style="background:#00f;"|[[Middlesbrough F.C.|'''Middlesbrough''']]
| style="background:#00f;"|'''1 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''1 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''2 - 0'''
|-
|[[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]]
|0 - 1
|1 - 5
|1 - 6
|-
|[[Nottingham Forest F.C.|Nottingham Forest]]
|1 - 1
|0 - 0
|1 - 1
|-
|[[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]]
|2 - 0
|4 - 4
|6 - 4
|-
|[[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]]
|0 - 1
|3 - 1
|3 - 2
|-
|[[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]
|1 - 0
|0 - 3
|1 - 3
|-
|[[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]]
|0 - 2
|1 - 0
|1 - 2
|-
|[[Reading F.C.|Reading]]
|0 - 0
|1 - 0
|1 - 0
|-
|[[Scunthorpe United F.C.|Scunthorpe United]]
|4 - 0
|1 - 1
|5 - 1
|-
|[[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]
|1 - 1
|4 - 3
|5 - 4
|-
|[[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]]
|3 - 2
|1 - 3
|4 - 5
|-
|[[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]]
|2 - 1
|2 - 3
|4 - 4
|-
| style="background:#00f;"|[[Watford F.C.|'''Watford''']]
| style="background:#00f;"|'''3 - 1'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''4 - 0'''
| style="background:#00f;"|'''7 - 1'''
|-
|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]
|1 - 1
|2 - 0
|3 - 1
|}

;Key
{{legend2|#0000FF|Completed Double over team|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{col-end}}

==Backroom staff==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Position
!Name
|-
|Manager
|[[Dave Jones (football manager)|Dave Jones]]
|-
|Assistant manager
|[[Terry Burton]]
|-
|Reserve team manager
|[[Paul Wilkinson (footballer)|Paul Wilkinson]]
|-
|Club doctor
|Dr Leonard Noakes
|-
|Club physio
|[[Sean Connelly]]
|-
|Fitness coach
|Alex Armstrong
|-
|Goalkeeping coach
|[[Martyn Margetson]]
|-
|Kit manager
|Ian Lanning
|-
|Performance analyst
|Enda Barron
|-
|Masseur
|Steffan Burnett
|-
|Academy manager
|[[Neal Ardley]]
|}

==Awards==
===Team===
* '''[[Football League Championship]] Play-Offs:''' Runners-Up

===Individual===
* '''October Championship [[Football League Championship Manager of the Month|manager of the month]]:''' [[Dave Jones (football manager)|Dave Jones]]<ref name="Jonesmanagerofmonth"/>
* '''October Championship player of the month:''' [[Peter Whittingham]]<ref name="Whittsplayerofmonth"/>
* '''Football League Championship Apprentice of the Year:''' [[Adam Matthews]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1994144,00.html |title=Adam scoops Championship gong |publisher=Cardiff City F.C. |date=2010-03-14 |accessdate=2010-03-14}}</ref>
* '''[[PFA Team of the Year]]:''' [[Peter Whittingham]], [[Michael Chopra]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~2035079,00.html |title=PFA Honours Whitts and Chops |publisher=Cardiff City F.C. |date=2010-04-26 |accessdate=2010-04-26}}</ref>
* '''[[Football League Championship]] top-goalscorer:''' [[Peter Whittingham]] (20 goals) (joint with [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City's]] [[Nicky Maynard]])

==See also==
*[[Cardiff City F.C. seasons]]
*[[2009-10 Football League Championship]]
*[[2009-10 FA Cup]]
*[[2009-10 Football League Cup]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Cardiff City F.C. seasons}}
{{2009–10 in English football}}

[[Category:Welsh football clubs 2009–10 season|Cardiff City]]
[[Category:Cardiff City F.C. seasons|2009–10]]

[[zh:卡迪夫城2009年至2010年球季]]

Richard Shelby

2011-07-05T15:00:41Z

Boxplot: /* Electoral history */

{{Infobox Officeholder
| name=Richard Shelby
| image=Richard Shelby, official portrait, 111th Congress.jpg
| imagesize=
| order=Chairman of the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs]]
| term_start=January 3, 2003
| term_end=January 3, 2007
| preceded=[[Paul Sarbanes]]
| succeeded=[[Chris Dodd]]
| order2=Chairman of the [[United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence|Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]]
| term_start2=January 20, 2001
| term_end2=June 6, 2001
| preceded2=[[Bob Graham]]
| succeeded2=[[Bob Graham]]
| term_start3=January 3, 1997
| term_end3=January 3, 2001
| preceded3=[[Arlen Specter]]
| succeeded3=[[Bob Graham]]
| jr/sr4=Senior Senator
| state4=[[Alabama]]
| alongside4=[[Jeff Sessions]]
| term_start4=January 3, 1987
| preceded4=[[Jeremiah Denton]]
| succeeded4=
| state5= [[Alabama]]
| district5=[[Alabama's 7th congressional district|7th]]
| term_start5=January 3, 1979
| term_end5=January 3, 1987
| preceded5=[[Walter Flowers]]
| succeeded5=[[Claude Harris, Jr.]]
| order6=Member of the [[Alabama Senate]] from 16th district
| term_start6=January 1971
| term_end6=January 1979
| predecessor6=
| successor6=[[Ryan DeGraffenried]]
| order7=Special Assistant [[Attorney General of Alabama]]
| termstart7=January 1969
| term_end7=January 1971
| order8=[[United States magistrate judge|U.S. Magistrate]], [[United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama|Northern District of Alabama]]
| termstart8= January 1966
| term_end8= January 1970
| order9=[[Tuscaloosa, Alabama|Tuscaloosa]] City Prosecutor
| termstart9= January 1963
| term_end9= January 1971
| birth_date={{birth date and age|1934|5|6}}
| birth_place=[[Birmingham, Alabama]]<ref name="rootsweb1">{{cite web|url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~battle/senators/shelby.htm |title=1 |publisher=Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com |date= |accessdate=2010-11-03}}</ref>
|party1=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (1964-1994) [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1994-Present)
| residence= [[Tuscaloosa, Alabama]]
| occupation= [[Politician]] [[Attorney at law (United States)|Attorney]]
| spouse=[[Annette Shelby]] (1960-present)
| children=Richard Shelby, Jr.
Claude Nevin Shelby
| alma_mater=[[University of Alabama]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]], [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]])
| religion=[[Presbyterian]]
| website=[http://www.shelby.senate.gov/ Senator Richard Shelby]
| signature=Richard Shelby Signature.svg
}}

'''Richard Craig Shelby''' (born May 6, 1934) is the senior [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] from [[Alabama]]. First elected to the Senate in 1986, he is the ranking member of the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs]] and was its chairman from 2003 to 2007.

Born in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], Shelby received his law degree from the [[University of Alabama]] in [[Tuscaloosa, Alabama|Tuscaloosa]], where he went on to serve as city prosecutor (1963–1971). During this period he worked as a [[United States magistrate judge|U.S. Magistrate]] for the [[United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama|Northern District of Alabama]] (1966–1970) and Special Assistant [[Attorney General of Alabama]] (1969–1971). He won a seat in the [[Alabama Senate]] in 1970. In 1978 he was elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]] from the [[Alabama's 7th congressional district|7th District]], where he was among a group of [[conservatism in the United States|conservative]] [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] known as the [[boll weevil (politics)|boll weevils]]. Shelby won a tight race in 1986 for the U.S. Senate. Originally elected as a Democrat, Shelby switched to the [[United States Republican Party|Republican Party]] in 1994 when Republicans gained the majority in [[United States Congress|Congress]] midway through President [[Bill Clinton]]'s first term. He was re-elected by a large margin in 1998 and has faced no electoral opposition since.

With a reputation as a moderate Republican, Shelby has taken conservative stances on [[taxation in the United States|taxation]], [[abortion in the United States|abortion]] and [[immigration in the United States|immigration]], while siding with the Democratic stance on other issues, such as opposing free-trade agreements and voting against the [[Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act]]. During the 1990s he was a strong opponent of the Clinton administration's spending and tax policies, while supporting some gun control measures. He served on the [[United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence|Select Committee on Intelligence]], where he battled CIA leaders and attempted to curtail the release of information to the public. A federal investigation uncovered that he had released classified memos to the [[Fox News Channel]] in 2002, but no charges were pressed. He chaired the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs|Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee]] from 2003 to 2007 and remains the committee's Republican ranking member. During President [[Barack Obama]]'s administration he placed a hold on 70 government nominees to draw attention to certain national security issues. He has opposed the bulk of the Democratic legislative agenda since they took control of the Senate in 2007, including economic bailout measures and the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]].

==Early life==
Shelby was born in [[Birmingham, Alabama]],<ref name="wapo-bio">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/elections/2004/candidates/22932/|title=Richard C. Shelby, Jr.|date=2004-06-30|work=[[Washington Post]]|accessdate=2009-02-23}}</ref> the son of Alice L. (née Skinner) and Ozie Houston Shelby.<ref name="rootsweb1"/> He attended the [[University of Alabama]], receiving an undergraduate degree in 1957 and a [[Juris Doctor]] in 1963.

Shelby is a member of the [[American Bar Association]] and [[Alabama State Bar]], as well as the [[American Judicature Society]], Alabama Law Institute, [[Delta Chi]] Fraternity, and [[Phi Alpha Delta]] legal fraternity.

Shelby currently lives in Tuscaloosa with his wife, Annette Nevin Shelby. They have two sons, Richard Jr., and Claude Nevin.

==Early career==
Shelby was a city prosecutor in [[Tuscaloosa, Alabama]] from 1963 to 1971. From 1966 to 1970, he was a U.S. Magistrate for the Northern District of Alabama; from 1969 to 1971, Shelby was a Special Assistant State Attorney General.

Shelby began his legislative career as a member of the [[Alabama Senate]] in 1970, serving until 1978, when he was elected to the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] from the Tuscaloosa-based 7th District. He was reelected three times. He was one of the more conservative Democrats in Congress, and a member of the [[boll weevil (politics)|boll weevils]], a group of moderate to conservative leaning Democrats who often worked with Republican President [[Ronald Reagan]] on defense issues.

==U.S. Senate==
===Elections===
In [[U.S. Senate election, 1986|1986]], Shelby won the Democratic nomination for the Senate seat held by Republican [[Jeremiah Denton]], the first Republican elected to the Senate from Alabama since [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]]. He won a very close race as the Democrats regained control of the Senate. He was easily re-elected in 1992 even as [[Bill Clinton]] lost Alabama's electoral votes.

On November 9, 1994, Shelby switched his party affiliation to Republican, one day after the Republicans won control of both houses in the midterm elections, giving the Republicans a 53-47 majority in the Senate. He won his first full term as a Republican in 1998 by a large margin, and faced no significant opposition in 2004 or 2010.

Shelby remains popular in [[Alabama]]. A September 2009 poll showed he had a 58% approval rating, with 35% disapproving.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surveyusa.com/client/PollReport.aspx?g=be14ad40-d8e9-4c99-8100-57f0f59fa64b |title=SurveyUSA News Poll #15743 |publisher=Surveyusa.com |date= |accessdate=2010-08-29}}</ref>

=== Tenure ===
====1980s====
In 1987, Shelby opposed Reagan's nomination of [[Robert Bork]] to the Supreme Court; a move attributed to lobbying by Alabama African-American leaders who reminded Shelby that he had relied on support from African-American voters in defeating Denton in 1986.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55748032.html?dids=55748032:55748032&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+05%2C+1987&author=Bob+Minzesheimer&pub=USA+TODAY+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=President+to+stick+with+Bork+to+end&pqatl=google | work=USA TODAY | title=President to stick with Bork to end | first=Bob | last=Minzesheimer | date=October 5, 1987}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/104734077.html?dids=104734077:104734077&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+07%2C+1987&author=By+Susan+Page.+Newsday+Washington+Bureau&pub=Newsday+%28Combined+editions%29&desc=Heflin%3A+When+in+Doubt%2C+Don%27t&pqatl=google | title=Heflin: When in Doubt, Don't | date=October 7, 1987}}</ref>

====1990s====
Shelby publicly feuded with [[Bill Clinton]] during the first half of Clinton's first term. At a meeting with Vice President [[Al Gore]], he turned to 19 Alabama TV cameras and denounced the Clinton program as "high on taxes, low on spending cuts".

Shelby served on the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]] from 1995 to 2003, stepping down because of a Senate rule limiting committee terms to eight years. Shelby took an adversarial stance towards the intelligence community during both Clinton and Bush administrations. He helped sink [[Anthony Lake]]'s nomination as CIA director in 1997 and promised to investigate the use of American-made satellites by the Chinese to gather intelligence. Shelby also took a hard line on leaks of classified information. In 2000. he introduced a bill (vetoed by President Clinton) "that would have broadened the law that criminalizes release of "national defense information."<ref name=Pincus>[[Walter Pincus|Pincus, Walter]] (2006-02-17) [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/16/AR2006021602186.html Senator May Seek Tougher Law on Leaks], ''[[Washington Post]]''</ref> According to the ''[[Washington Post]]'':

<blockquote>
"[[Civil liberties]] groups and news organizations, which argued that the legislation would chill their ability to get information from officials, lobbied for the veto. . . .

In 2002, with [[George W. Bush]] in the White House, Shelby reintroduced his language, but then-Attorney General [[John D. Ashcroft]] said that "rigorous investigation" and enforcement of existing laws -- not new legislation -- were the best way to fight leaks.<ref name=Pincus/>
</blockquote>

Senator Shelby has supported several [[gun control]] measures put forth by Democrats including the 1991 Crime Bill S.1241<ref name="senate1">{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=102&session=1&vote=00125 |title=U.S. Senate: Legislation & Records Home > Votes > Roll Call Vote |publisher=Senate.gov |date= |accessdate=2010-11-03}}</ref> sponsored by then Senator [[Joseph Biden]] that instituted a national waiting period for handgun purchases as well as a federal ban on semi-automatic firearms.<ref>{{cite web |last=Biden |first=Joseph |title=S.1241 |url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d102:SN1241: |date=June 6, 1991 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |accessdate=June 6, 1991}}</ref> In 1998, Shelby voted for Senator [[Barbara Boxer]]'s Trigger Lock Amendment 3230,<ref name="senate2">{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=105&session=2&vote=00216 |title=U.S. Senate: Legislation & Records Home > Votes > Roll Call Vote |publisher=Senate.gov |date= |accessdate=2010-11-03}}</ref> requiring the purchase of a trigger lock with the sale of each handgun. Firearms dealers who do not comply are guilty of a federal crime and face revocation of their [[Federal Firearms License]] and civil fines up to $10,000 for each omission.

====2000s====
Shelby was also highly critical of CIA Director [[George Tenet]] in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks]]. When Tenet resigned in July 2004, Shelby commented "This is not a surprise to me at all. What was a surprise was that he held onto the job as long as he did."{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}

From 2003 until 2007, he chaired the [[U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs]]. He is also a member of the [[U.S. Senate Committee on Appropriations|Appropriations Committee]] (where he chaired its subcommittee on Commerce, Justice and Science) and [[U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging|Special Committee on Aging]]. He lost his chairmanships in 2007 when the Democrats regained control of the Senate.

In 2004, a federal investigation concluded that Shelby revealed classified information to the media when he was a member of the Senate Intelligence Committee.<ref name="Washington Post, Classified">{{cite news|author= Lengel, Allan|coauthors=Priest, Dana |title=Investigators Concluded Shelby Leaked Message |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A40886-2004Aug4.html |publisher=Washington Post |date= 2004-08-05|accessdate=2008-08-23 }}</ref> Specifically, Shelby revealed classified information on June 19, 2002 to [[Carl Cameron]], the chief political correspondent on [[Fox News]]. The information consisted of two messages intercepted by the [[National Security Agency]] on September 10, 2001, but were only translated the day after the attacks — "the match is about to begin" and "tomorrow is zero hour." The [[United States Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] declined to file criminal charges against Shelby and transferred the case to the [[United States Senate Ethics Committee|Senate Ethics Committee]], which dismissed its probe into the alleged leak.{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}}

Shelby, in his role as chairman of the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, & Urban Affairs]], opposed proposed legislation that would have permitted additional competition in the title insurance industry.<ref name=forbestitle>{{cite news|author=Scott Woolley |url=http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2006/1113/148_print.html |title=Magazine Article |publisher=Forbes.com |date= November 13, 2006|accessdate=2010-11-03}}</ref>

Shelby is currently co-chair of the Congressional Privacy Caucus and Zero Capital Gains Tax Caucus. He is also the Senate co-chair of the National Security Caucus. In addition, he is a member of the [[National Republican Senatorial Committee]] and the [[Senate Centrist Coalition]].

In the [[Metroplex]] of [[Dallas]]–[[Fort Worth]], Shelby is known for the Shelby Amendment, a law he sponsored that eased some of the restrictions placed on [[Dallas Love Field|Dallas' secondary airport]] by the contentious [[Wright Amendment]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}}

On February 5, 2010, Shelby placed a [[secret hold|hold]] on over 70 of Obama's nominees to various government posts, in a protest over an Air Force [[KC-135 Stratotanker]] contract and the FBI's Terrorist Explosive Device Analytical Center.<ref>{{cite news | title = No Holds Barred | work=The New York Times | url =http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/06/opinion/06collins.html | date = February 6, 2010 | first=Gail | last=Collins | accessdate=May 22, 2010}}</ref><ref name=cnncheck>{{cite news| url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2010/02/12/cnn-fact-check-how-transparent-is-the-senates-hold-process/?fbid=KUvAvc_LwuX | work=CNN | title=CNN Fact Check: How transparent is the Senate's hold process? | accessdate=May 22, 2010}}</ref><ref>Wilson, Scott., Murray, Shailagh. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/05/AR2010020502098.html Sen. Richard Shelby of Alabama holding up Obama nominees for home-state pork.] ''[[The Washington Post]].'' 6 February 2010.</ref> Shelby lifted all but three of the holds on February 8, 2010, releasing a statement that "The purpose of placing numerous holds was to get the White House’s attention on two issues that are critical to our national security – the Air Force’s aerial refueling tanker acquisition and the FBI’s Terrorist Device Analytical Center (TEDAC). With that accomplished, Sen. Shelby has decided to release his holds on all but a few nominees directly related to the Air Force tanker acquisition until the new Request for Proposal is issued."<ref name=politico210>{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0210/32718.html#ixzz0fOtYDadW |title=Richard Shelby lifts hold on Obama nominees - Meredith Shiner |publisher=Politico.Com |date= |accessdate=2010-08-29}}</ref> White House spokesman [[Robert Gibbs]] criticized Shelby for "hold[ing] up qualified nominees for positions that are needed because he didn't get two earmarks"; Shelby denied the holds were over [[earmark (politics)|earmarks]].<ref name=cnncheck/><ref name=politico210/>

Shelby criticised the Obama administration for abandoning [[NASA|NASA's]] [[Constellation program]] stating "It is unfortunate that this administration is choosing to abandon our nation's only chance at remaining the leader in human space flight. It is ironic that Constellation, a program born out of the recommendations of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board, would be eliminated in lieu of rockets repeatedly deemed unsafe for astronauts by NASA's own Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel. If this budget is enacted, NASA will no longer be an agency of innovation and hard science; it will be the agency of pipe dreams and fairy tales."

===Political views===
Shelby took a leading role in the resistance to [[Troubled Asset Relief Program|bailing out]] the banks and other corporations (such as [[American International Group|AIG]]), both under the [[Presidency of George W. Bush|Bush Administration]], in 2008, and the [[Obama Administration]], beginning in 2009.

Senator Shelby has also supported several key [[gun control]] measures put forth by Democrats, including the 1991 Crime Bill S.1241<ref name="senate1"/> sponsored by then Senator [[Joseph Biden]] that instituted a national waiting period for handgun purchases as well as a federal ban on semi-automatic firearms.<ref>{{cite web |last=Biden |first=Joseph |title=S.1241 |url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d102:SN1241: |date=June 6, 1991 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |accessdate=June 6, 1991}}</ref>

In 1998, Shelby voted for Senator [[Barbara Boxer]]'s Trigger Lock Amendment 3230,<ref name="senate2"/> a law requiring the purchase of a trigger lock with the sale of each handgun. Firearms dealers who do not comply with the law are guilty of a federal crime and face revocation of their [[Federal Firearms License]] and civil fines up to $10,000 for each omission.

He is against [[abortion]], and supports the [[Federal Marriage Amendment]]. He has also been a staunch advocate of a [[flat tax]] and of the Bush Administration's [[Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003|tax cuts]]. He cites disagreements with the Democrats on tax policy as one of the main reasons he became a Republican; he feels the Democrats are too willing to enact tax increases. Among the bills sponsored by Shelby over the years have been bills to make [[English-only movement|English the sole language]] of the federal government, to limit federal government spending by statute, and to provide a moratorium on certain forms of [[Immigration in the United States|immigration]].

Shelby is considered to be much more independent-minded than his Senate colleague from Alabama, [[Jeff Sessions]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}} For instance, shortly after becoming a Republican he voted against two major [[tort reform]] bills, the [[Private Securities Litigation Reform Act]] and the [[Common Sense Product Liability and Legal Reform Act]]. Both bills were vetoed by President Clinton, though the first bill was successfully passed over his veto. In 1999 he was the only Senate Republican to vote against the [[Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act]]. Shelby also voted against the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] and opposes most free trade agreements, most recently the [[Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement|Central America Free Trade Agreement]]. When he was a Democrat, Shelby opposed the confirmation of [[Robert Bork]] to the [[United States Supreme Court]] in 1987. He supported the confirmation of [[John Roberts]] and [[Samuel Alito]] almost two decades later.

In 1999, Shelby was one of ten Republican senators to vote for the acquittal of President [[Bill Clinton]] on the charge of perjury when Clinton was [[Impeachment of Bill Clinton|tried in the Senate in 1999]], although he voted for Clinton's conviction on the charge of obstruction of justice.

Shelby opposed the initial bailout proposal to extend billions of dollars in loan money to the [[Big Three (automobile manufacturers)|Big Three US Auto Manufacturers]]. He is often seen as a front man for the GOP Senate opposition. In late 2008, he opposed a Federal government bridge loan for [[Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2009|US-owned auto companies]], saying: "We don't need government - governmental subsidies for manufacturing in this country. It's the French model, it's the wrong road. We will pay for it. The average American taxpayer is going to pay dearly for this, if I'm not wrong."

Sen. Richard Shelby voted to block three amendments to regulate banks, including an amendment #3812 to S. 3217,to cap ATM fees at $0.50 per transaction, and also to bar banks who borrowed tax payer money through TARP funds to use those funds for their own benefit.<ref>{{cite web |last=Grim |first=Ryan|title=Attempt To Cap ATM Fees At 50 Cents Blocked In Senate |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/05/18/attempt-to-cap-atm-fees-a_n_581168.html |date=May 18, 2010 |publisher=Huffington Post |accessdate=May 19, 2010}}</ref> Sen. Shelby also believes that bank oversight violates the right to privacy and is against the Government Office of Financial Research being able to collect any financial data it needs to regulate the bank industry.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cover|first=Matt|title=Sen. Shelby: Financial Reform Violates Privacy |url=http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/65427 |date=May 7, 2010 |publisher=CNSNews.com |accessdate=May 19, 2010}}</ref>

Shelby opposed President Barack Obama's health reform legislation; he voted against the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]] in December 2009,<ref>[http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=1&vote=00396]</ref> and he voted against the [[Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=2&vote=00105 |title=U.S. Senate: Legislation & Records Home > Votes > Roll Call Vote |publisher=Senate.gov |date= |accessdate=2010-08-29}}</ref>

Shelby opposed the nomination of Nobel Economics Prize laureate and Massachussetts Insitute of Technology professor Peter Diamond to serve on the board of the Federal Reserve, on the grounds that professor Diamond "lacked the necessary qualifications".<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/06/opinion/06diamond.html| accessdate=June 6, 2011]</ref>

===Committees===
[[File:RichardShelbyXtra.jpg|thumb|right|Senator Shelby as Chairman of the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs]]]]
* '''[[United States Senate Committee on Appropriations|Senate Committee on Appropriations]]'''
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies|Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice and Science]] (Ranking Member)
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense|Subcommittee on Defense]]
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development|Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development]]
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security|Subcommittee on Homeland Security]]
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies|Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education & Related Agencies]]
** [[United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies|Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies]]
* '''[[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs|Senate Committee on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs]]''' (Ranking Member)
** As ranking member of the full committee, Sen. Shelby may sit as an ''ex officio'' member of all subcommittees.
* '''[[United States Senate Special Committee on Aging|Senate Committee on Aging]]'''

=== Group ratings (108th Congress) ===
See current [http://thehill.com/resources/lawmaker-ratings/76065-sen-richard-shelby-r-ala%20 Lawmaker Ratings] at ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]''
*[[National Journal]]
** Economic: 42% Liberal, 57% Conservative
** Social: 16% Liberal, 81% Conservative
** Foreign: 0% Liberal, 67% Conservative
*[[Americans for Democratic Action]]: 20
*[[Human Rights Campaign]]: 0
*[[American Civil Liberties Union]]: 11
*[[Chamber of Commerce of the United States]]: 88
*[[Christian Coalition of America|Christian Coalition]]: 100
*[[League of Conservation Voters]]: 0
*[[American Conservative Union]]: 84
*[[National Taxpayers Union]]: 65

=== Buildings ===
* The Shelby Hall Research Center at University of Alabama at Huntsville is named for Senator Shelby and his wife, a professor emerita at that university. The {{convert|200000|sqft|m2}} square foot new center opened in 2007 and combines mathematics, chemistry and biology research in one building.

* The Richard C. and Annette N. Shelby Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Building at the [[University of Alabama at Birmingham]] opened in April 2006. The building, costing $90 million, 12 stories high, with {{convert|323000|sqft|m2}}square feet, increased UAB's available research space by 25%. Shelby was instrumental in securing federal funds for the building.

* The Senator Richard C. and Dr. Annette N. Shelby Center for Engineering Technology, part of the Ginn College of Engineering at [[Auburn University]], was dedicated on April 18, 2008. Shelby helped secure $30 million of the $54 million cost of Phase I of the project.<ref>{{cite news | title = New Auburn University tech center dedicated to U.S. Sen. Richard C. and Dr. Annette N. Shelby | work=The Birmingham News | url = http://blog.al.com/spotnews/2008/04/new_auburn_university_tech_cen.html| date = April 24, 2008}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
{{expand list|date=February 2011}}
'''[[Alabama's 7th congressional district]], 1978:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1978election.pdf|title=Statistics of the congressional election of November 7, 1978|date=April 1, 1979|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Benjamin J.|last=Guthrie}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''', Democrat – 77,742 (97.69%)
* Fulton Gray, Conservative – 3,285 (4.13%)
* Jim Scruggs, Republican – 1,841 (2.31%)

'''Alabama's 7th congressional district, 1980:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1980election.pdf|title=Statistics of the presidential and congressional election of November 4, 1980|date=April 15, 1981|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Thomas E.|last=Ladd}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Democrat – 122,505 (73.88%)
* James E. "Jim" Bacon, Republican – 43,320 (26.12%)
* Joe Walker, [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]] – 2,132 (1.29%)
* Mary Owensby, Statesman – 847 (0.51%)

'''Alabama's 7th congressional district, 1982:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1982election.pdf|title=Statistics of the congressional election of November 2, 1982|date=May 5, 1983|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Thomas E.|last=Ladd}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Democrat – 124,070 (96.83%)
* James Jones, Libertarian – 4,058 (3.17%)
* [[Write-in candidate]]s – 11 (0.01%)

'''Alabama's 7th congressional district, 1984:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1984election.pdf|title=Statistics of the presidential and congressional election of November 6, 1984|date=May 1, 1985|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Thomas E.|last=Ladd}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Democrat – 135,834 (96.79%)
* Charles "Chuck" Ewing, Libertarian – 4,498 (3.21%)

'''[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 1986]]:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1986election.pdf|title=Statistics of the congressional election of November 4, 1986|date=May 29, 1987|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Dallas L., Jr.|last=Dendy}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''', Democrat – 609,360 (50.28%)
* [[Jeremiah Denton]] (inc.), Republican – 602,537

'''[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 1992]]:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1992election.pdf|title=Statistics of the presidential and congressional election of November 3, 1992|date=May 31, 1993|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Dallas L., Jr.|last=Dendy}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Democrat – 1,022,698 (66.21%)
* Richard Sellers, Republican – 522,015 (33.79%)
* Jerome Shockley, Libertarian – 31,811 (2.06%)
* Write-in candidates – 1,275 (0.08%)

'''[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 1998]]:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1998/98Stat.htm|title=Statistics of the congressional election of November 3, 1998|date=January 3, 1999|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Jeff|last=Trandahl|authorlink=Jeff Trandahl}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Republican – 817,973 (63.28%)
* Clayton Suddith, Democrat – 474,568 (36.72%)
* Write-in candidates – 864 (0.07%)

'''[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 2004]]:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2004/2004Stat.htm|title=Statistics of the presidential and congressional election of November 2, 2004|date=June 7, 2005|accessdate=August 1, 2010|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|first=Jeff|last=Trandahl}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.), Republican – 1,242,200 (67.61%)
* [[Wayne Sowell]], Democrat – 595,018 (32.39%)
* Write-in candidates – 1848 (0.10%)

'''[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 2010]], Republican primary:'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.al.com/al/2010/06/alabama_primary_election_resul.html|title=Alabama state, U.S. Congress primary election results|date=June 2, 2010|accessdate=October 28, 2010|publisher=al.com|first=Kristen|last=Heptinstall}}</ref>
* '''Richard Shelby''' (inc.) – 403,408 (84.36%)
* Clint Moser – 74,782 (15.64%)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{Cite book |last=Bamford |first=James |year=2004 |title=A Pretext for War: 9/11, Iraq, and the Abuse of America's Intelligence Agencies |location=New York |publisher=Doubleday |pages=127–131 |isbn=0385506724 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://shelby.senate.gov/ Senator Richard Shelby] ''official U.S. Senate site''
*[http://www.shelbyforsenate.com/ Richard Shelby for U.S. Senate] ''official campaign site''
*{{CongLinks | congbio = s000320 | votesmart = 53266 | washpo = Richard_C._Shelby | govtrack = 300089 | opencong = 300089_richard_shelby | cspan = 1859 | ontheissuespath = Senate/Richard_Shelby.htm | surge = 227830 | legistorm=Sen_Richard_Shelby/88.html | fec = S6AL00013 | opensecrets = N00009920 | followthemoney = | nyt = s/richard_c_shelby | findagrave = }}
*[http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Richard_Shelby Profile] at [[SourceWatch]]
*[http://topics.politico.com/index.cfm/topic/RichardShelby Collected news and commentary] from ''[[Politico (newspaper)|Politico]]''

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{USRepSuccessionBox
| state= Alabama
| district=7
| before=[[Walter Flowers]]
| years=1979–1987
| after=[[Claude Harris, Jr.]]}}
{{s-par|us-sen}}
{{U.S. Senator box
| before=[[Jeremiah Denton]]
| state=Alabama
| class=3
| start=1987
| alongside=[[Howell T. Heflin]], [[Jeff Sessions]]}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Arlen Specter]]}}
{{s-ttl|title= Chairman of the [[United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence|Senate Intelligence Committee]]|years=1997–2001}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Bob Graham]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Paul Sarbanes]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs|Senate Banking Committee]] |years=2003–2007}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chris Dodd]]}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jim Folsom, Jr.|James E. Folsom, Jr.]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[List of United States Senators from Alabama|United States Senator from Alabama (Class 3)]]|years=[[United States Senate elections, 1986|1986]], [[United States Senate elections, 1992|1992]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Clayton Suddith]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Richard Sellers]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of United States Senators from Alabama|United States Senator from Alabama (Class 3)]]|years=[[United States Senate elections, 1998|1998]], [[United States Senate elections, 2004|2004]], [[United States Senate elections, 2010|2010]]}}
{{s-non|reason=Most recent}}
{{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Barbara Mikulski]] D-[[Maryland]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=''[[Seniority in the United States Senate|United States Senators by seniority]]'' |years=15th}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John McCain]] R-[[Arizona]]}}
{{end}}

{{AL-FedRep}}
{{USSenChairs}}
{{Current U.S. Senators}}
{{SenBankingCommitteeChairmen}}
{{SenIntelCommitteeChairmen}}
{{USSenAL}}


{{Persondata
|NAME= Shelby, Richard Craig
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Shelby, Dick
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[United States Senator]] from [[Alabama]]
|DATE OF BIRTH= May 6, 1934
|PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Birmingham, Alabama]], U.S.
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shelby, Richard}}
[[Category:United States Senators from Alabama]]
[[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama]]
[[Category:Alabama State Senators]]
[[Category:Alabama lawyers]]
[[Category:Alabama Republicans]]
[[Category:Alabama Democrats]]
[[Category:People from Birmingham, Alabama]]
[[Category:American Presbyterians]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Alabama School of Law alumni]]
[[Category:Republican Party United States Senators]]
[[Category:Democratic Party United States Senators]]
[[Category:Politics of Alabama]]

[[da:Richard Shelby]]
[[de:Richard Shelby]]
[[fr:Richard Shelby]]
[[ga:Richard Shelby]]
[[it:Richard Shelby]]
[[la:Ricardus Shelby]]
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[[zh:理查·謝爾比]]

Dan Hamhuis

2011-07-05T14:59:44Z

Boxplot: /* International play */

{{Infobox Ice Hockey Player
| image = Dan Hamhuis WC08.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| team = [[Vancouver Canucks]]
| former_teams = [[Nashville Predators]]
| league= [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| position = [[Defenceman (ice hockey)|Defence]]
| shoots = Left
| height_ft = 6
| height_in = 1
| weight_lb = 209
| ntl_team = Canada
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1982|12|13|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Smithers, British Columbia|Smithers]], [[British Columbia|BC]], [[Canada|CAN]]
| draft = 12th overall
| draft_year = 2001
| draft_team = [[Nashville Predators]]
| career_start = 2002
}}
'''Daniel Hamhuis''' (born December 13, 1982) is a Canadian professional [[ice hockey]] [[defenceman]] who currently plays for the [[Vancouver Canucks]] of the [[National Hockey League]] (NHL).

Hamhuis played [[major junior]] hockey with the [[Prince George Cougars]] of the [[Western Hockey League]] (WHL) and was selected 12th overall by the [[Nashville Predators]] in the [[2001 NHL Entry Draft]]. The [[2001–02 WHL season|following year]], he was awarded the [[Bill Hunter Memorial Trophy]] and [[Four Broncos Memorial Trophy]] as the league's best defenceman and player of the year, respectively; he would also be named the [[CHL Defenceman of the Year|top defenceman]] in the [[Canadian Hockey League]] (CHL), the governing body of major junior hockey in Canada. After a final season in the WHL, Hamhuis made his professional debut with the [[Milwaukee Admirals]] of the [[American Hockey League]] (AHL), a minor league affiliate of the Predators. He made his NHL debut the next year for Nashville. After five seasons with the club, Hamhuis became an [[unrestricted free agent]] and signed a six-year contract with the Canucks. In his first year with the club, he helped Vancouver to the [[2011 Stanley Cup Finals]], where they lost to the [[Boston Bruins]].

Hamhuis has played in several international tournaments at both the [[Canada men's national junior ice hockey team|junior]] and [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|senior]] levels for Canada. At the [[2001 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2001]] and [[2002 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2002]] [[IIHF World U20 Championship|World Junior Championships]], he won a bronze and silver medal, respectively. He also appeared in four straight [[Ice Hockey World Championships|World Championships]], winning a gold at the [[2007 IIHF World Championship|2007]] tournament and silver at both the [[2008 IIHF World Championship|2008]] and [[2009 IIHF World Championship|2009]] tournaments.

==Playing career==
===Prince George Cougars===
Hamuis suffered a broken leg during his junior draft-eligible season, limiting his exposure to WHL scouts.<ref name=livinglight/><ref name=nowhere/> Consequently, he went unselected in the [[WHL Bantam Draft]].<ref name=livinglight/>
Hamhuis went unselected as a [[minor ice hockey|bantam]] player in the [[WHL Bantam Draft]].<ref name=nowhere/> He later admitted to not even being aware of the junior draft until a couple months later.<ref name=nowhere>{{citenews|title=Nowhere man Hamhuis finds himself at the top|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/columns/kyle/2001-04-25-hamhuis.htm|accessdate=2010-07-03|date=2001-04-25|publisher=''[[USA Today]]''|author=Kyle Woodlief|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5uKeVphun|archivedate=2010-11-18}}</ref> The [[Prince George Cougars]] later put Hamhuis on their protected list and he went on to make his junior debut in [[1998–99 WHL season|1998–99]]. He recorded a goal and four points over 56 games while being named both Prince George's rookie and scholastic player of the year.<ref name="cougars awards">{{cite web|title=Team Awards|url=http://www.pgcougars.com/cats/535/team+awards+|accessdate=2010-07-27|publisher=[[Prince George Cougars]]}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> The [[1999–2000 WHL season|following season]], he improved to 10 goals and 33 points in 70 games. He helped Prince George advance to the Conference Finals, scoring two goals and five points in a junior career-high of 13 post-season games. He was also named the Cougars' scholastic player for the year for the second year in a row.<ref name="cougars awards"/>

Hamhuis' third WHL season in [[2000–01 WHL season|2000–01]] saw him increase his offensive production to 13 goals and 59 points over 62 games, eighth in scoring among league defencemen.<ref name="take defenseman"/> He received WHL West First All-Star Team honours<ref name=tsn/> and was named Prince George's most dedicated player.<ref name="cougars awards"/> Playing in his NHL draft-eligible season, he participated in the 2001 [[CHL Top Prospects Game]], where he served as [[captain (ice hockey)|captain]] for his team.<ref name=nowhere/><ref name="take defenseman"/> Hamhuis was ranked by the [[NHL Central Scouting Bureau]] as the second-best North American prospect overall (behind [[Jason Spezza]]) and the top defenceman.<ref name=nowhere/><ref name="take defenseman">{{citenews|title=Predators take defenseman Hamhuis with 12th pick|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/draft01/2001-06-23-hamhuis.htm|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2001-06-23|publisher=''[[USA Today]]''}}</ref><ref>{{citenews|title=NHL covets Kovalchuk, Spezza|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/story/2001/04/24/nhldraft010424.html|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2001-04-24|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> He went on to be selected with the 12th overall pick in the [[2001 NHL Entry Draft]] by the [[Nashville Predators]]. He was the second defenceman to be selected after the [[Montreal Canadiens]] took [[Mike Komisarek]] seventh overall.<ref name="take defenseman"/> Scouting reports listed him as a physical offensive defenceman with excellent skating, passing and open-ice hitting abilities, as well as a good hockey sense.<ref name=nowhere/><ref name="take defenseman"/> Having identified his shot as a weaker aspect of his game, he worked on improving it during his junior years.<ref name=nowhere/> His coach in Prince George likened his playing style to [[Scott Niedermayer]].<ref name=nowhere/>

Following his draft, Hamhuis attended his first NHL training camp, but was returned to the WHL as an early cut on September 19, 2001.<ref name=tsn>{{cite web|title=Dan Hamhuis|url=http://tsn.ca/nhl/teams/players/bio/?id=2557|accessdate=2010-07-04|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]}}</ref> Playing in his fourth season of junior, he recorded career-highs of 50 assists and 60 points in 59 games. At the end of the campaign, he was awarded the [[Bill Hunter Memorial Trophy]] and [[Four Broncos Memorial Trophy]] as the league's best defenceman and player of the year, respectively.<ref name=tsn/> It marked the first time a player had won both awards since [[Barry Beck]] in [[1976–77 WCHL season|1977]].<ref name=legends>{{cite web|title=Dan Hamhuis|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/SearchPlayer.jsp?player=20132|accessdate=2010-07-22|publisher=[[Hockey Hall of Fame]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bill Hunter Memorial Trophy|url=http://www.whl.ca/whl-top-defencemen---bill-hunter-trophy-p121202|accessdate=2010-07-22|publisher=[[Western Hockey League]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Four Broncos Memorial Trophy|url=http://www.whl.ca/whl-player-of-the-year---four-broncos-memorial-trophy-p121198|accessdate=2010-07-22|publisher=[[Western Hockey League]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Hamhuis additionally received the [[CHL Defenceman of the Year]] Award and was named to the WHL West and CHL First All-Star Teams.<ref name=tsn/> He was also named Prince George's most valuable player.<ref name="cougars awards"/> Hamhuis left Prince George as the club's all-time leader in assists with 123 (he was later surpassed by [[Blake Robson]] on January 28, 2003).<ref>{{citenews|title=Preds hope Hamhuis is bad to the bone|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/news/2003/01/09/prospect_watch/|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2003-01-09|publisher=''[[Sports Illustrated]]''|author=Amy K. Nelson}}</ref><ref>{{citenews|title=T-Birds fall to Cougars|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/hockey/106203_bird29.shtml|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2003-01-29|publisher=''[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]''|author=Associated Press}}</ref>

[[Image:Danhamhuis.jpg|thumb|left|Hamhuis during a Predators practice in 2006]]

===Nashville Predators===
On July 7, 2002, Hamhuis was signed by the Predators.<ref name=tsn/> He was a late cut from Nashville's roster for the [[2002–03 NHL season|2002–03 season]] and was assigned within the club's [[farm system|system]] to the [[Milwaukee Admirals]] of the [[American Hockey League|AHL]] on October 3.<ref name=tsn/> He received a three-game suspension early in the season for an infraction during a game against the [[Utah Grizzlies (1995–2005)|Utah Grizzlies]].<ref>{{citenews|title=Transactions|url=http://lubbockonline.com/stories/111202/pro_111202066.shtml|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2002-11-12|publisher=''[[Lubbock Avalanche-Journal]]''}}</ref> He went on to record six goals and 27 points over 68 games in his professional rookie campaign with the Admirals.

Hamhuis transitioned to the NHL the following season by making the Predators' lineup out of training camp. He scored his first NHL goal on October 16, 2003, a [[game winning goal|game winner]] on the [[powerplay (ice hockey)|powerplay]] against [[St. Louis Blues (ice hockey)|St. Louis Blues]] goaltender [[Chris Osgood]]; Nashville won the game 4–1.<ref>{{citenews|title=Predators 4, Blues 1|url=http://news.google.ca/newspapers?id=8HEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XogFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4325,4209018&dq=dan+hamhuis+chris+osgood&hl=en|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2003-10-16|publisher=''[[Daily Gazette]]''}}</ref> Late in the campaign, he recorded a five-point night (one goal and four assists) in a 9–4 win against the [[Pittsburgh Penguins]] on March 4, 2004.<ref>{{citenews|title=Hamhuis scores, notches four assists|url=http://espn.go.com/nhl/recap/_/id/240304016/nashville-predators-vs-pittsburgh-penguins|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2004-03-04|publisher=[[ESPN]]|author=Associated Press}}</ref> He finished the season with seven goals and 26 points over 82 games with Predators in [[2003–04 NHL season|2003–04]]. He ranked tied for fourth in point-scoring and second in average ice time among the NHL's rookie defencemen.<ref>{{cite web|title=Player Stats - 2003-2004 - Regular Season - Rookie - Defenseman - Time On Ice|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/playerstats.htm?fetchKey=20042ALLDRDAll&sort=avgTOIPerGame&viewName=timeOnIce|accessdate=2010-07-04|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Player Stats - 2003-2004 - Regular Season - Rookie - Defenseman - Points|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/playerstats.htm?fetchKey=20042ALLDRDAll&sort=points&viewName=summary|accessdate=2010-07-04|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]}}</ref> Hamhuis was also chosen to the 2004 [[NHL YoungStars Game]], representing the [[Western Conference (NHL)|Western Conference]] in a 7–3 win.<ref>{{citenews|title=YoungStars Lineups|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/allstar2004/youngstars.html|accessdate=2010-07-27|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref><ref>{{citenews|title=West's YoungStars shine brighter|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/allstar/2004-02-07-youngstars_x.htm|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2004-02-07|publisher=''[[USA Today]]''|author=Dave Campbell}}</ref> Hamhuis helped the Predators make the [[Stanley Cup playoffs|playoffs]] for the first time in franchise history in his rookie season and added two assists in the club's first-round elimination to the [[Detroit Red Wings]].

Due to the season-long [[2004–05 NHL lockout|NHL lockout]], Hamhuis returned to the AHL in [[2004–05 AHL season|2004–05]]. Notching 13 goals and 51 points in 76 games, he was named to the AHL Second All-Star Team.<ref name=tsn/> He was also chosen to participate in the 2005 [[AHL All-Star Game]] for the Canadian team.<ref>{{citenews|title=Hamhuis, Gamache Selected To All-Star Team|url=http://www.oursportscentral.com/services/releases/?id=3120451|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2005-01-26|publisher=OurSports Central}}</ref> With the NHL set to resume in [[2005–06 NHL season|2005–06]], the Predators re-signed Hamhuis to a one-year contract on August 16, 2005.<ref name=tsn/> Returning to Nashville, he went on to record a career-high seven goals, 31 assists and 38 points in 82 games. He led all Predators players in ice time and ranked second in [[Plus-minus (ice hockey)|plus-minus]] with a +11 rating.<ref name=contract06/>

Following his breakout season, the Predators and Hamhuis agreed to a four-year, $8 million contract on September 21, 2006.<ref name=contract06>{{citenews|title=Predators, D Hamhuis agree to four-year, $8M contract|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/news/story?id=2597322|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2006-09-21|publisher=[[ESPN]]|author=Associated Press}}</ref> He earned $1.5 million in his first year of the deal, gradually increasing to $2.5 million in his fourth.<ref name=contract06/> His offensive production dipped to a career-low 20 points in the season following the signing. In [[2007–08 NHL season|2007–08]], he recorded four goals and 27 points over 80 games. Hamhuis scored his first [[Stanley Cup playoffs|Stanley Cup playoff]] goal in game four of the opening round against the [[Detroit Red Wings]], a 3–2 win.<ref>{{cite web|title=Predators 3, Red Wings 2|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/recap.htm?id=2007030154|accessdate=2010-07-13|date=2008-04-08|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]|author=Associated Press}}</ref> However, Nashville lost the next two games and were eliminated. Hamhuis continued scoring at the same pace in the following two seasons, recording 26 and 24 points in [[2008–09 NHL season|2008–09]] and [[2009–10 NHL season|2009–10]], respectively.

Hamhuis' role with the Predators was diminished in his final few seasons in Nashville with the emergence of younger defencemen [[Shea Weber]] and [[Ryan Suter]] as the club's top two defencemen.<ref name=newbie>{{citenews|title=Better Know a Newbie: Dan Hamhuis|url=http://communities.canada.com/theprovince/blogs/kurtenblog/archive/2010/07/08/better-know-a-newbie-dan-hamhuis.aspx|accessdate=2010-07-13|date=2010-07-08|publisher=''[[The Province]]''|author=Mike Halford}}</ref> With Weber and Suter providing most of the offense from the blueline, Hamhuis was used primarily as a shutdown defenceman, matching up against opposing team's top forward units and leading the club in shorthanded ice time, while seeing limited powerplay time.<ref name=newbie/>

[[Image:Dan Hamhuis hit.jpg|thumb|Hamhuis hits an [[Edmonton Oilers]] player during a pre-season game in 2010.]]
As it became apparent that Hamhuis would not be re-signed by the Predators following the [[2009–10 NHL season|2009–10 season]], his negotiating rights were traded to the [[Philadelphia Flyers]], along with a 2011 conditional draft pick, for [[Ryan Parent]] on June 19, 2010.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://flyers.nhl.com/club/news.htm?id=532091 | title = Flyers Acquire Hamhuis; Will Now Try to Sign Him | last = Kurz | first = Kevin | publisher = Philadelphia Flyers | date = 2010-06-19 | accessdate = 2010-06-19}}</ref> Hamhuis and the Predators had been negotiating for most of the season, as well as in the summer, but Nashville was not willing to meet his asking price.<ref>{{citenews|title=Will Preds lose Hamhuis to free agency riches?|url=http://nashvillecitypaper.com/content/sports/will-preds-lose-hamhuis-free-agency-riches|accessdate=2010-07-13|date=2010-06-13|publisher=''[[Nashville City Paper]]''|author=David Boclair}}</ref> After failing to agree to a contract with Philadelphia as well, his rights were traded once again to the [[Pittsburgh Penguins]] for a 2011 third-round pick on June 25;<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.csnphilly.com/06/25/10/Flyers-Trade-Hamhuis-Rights-to-Penguins-/landing.html?blockID=260966&feedID=704 | title = Flyers Trade Hamhuis' Rights to Penguins For Pick | last = Panaccio | first = Tim | publisher = CSNPhilly.com | date = 2010-06-25 | accessdate = 2010-06-25}}</ref> negotiations with the club were also unsuccessful.

===Vancouver Canucks===
On July 1, 2010, Hamhuis became an [[unrestricted free agent]] and signed a six-year, $27 million contract with the [[Vancouver Canucks]].<ref name=contract10/> Growing up in [[Smithers, British Columbia]], he was specifically interested in signing with the Canucks during his pending free agency, which factored into his decision to sign with neither Philadelphia or Pittsburgh.<ref name=contract10>{{citenews|title=Hamhuis signing caps epic day for Vancouver Canucks|url=http://www.vancouversun.com/business/Hamhuis+signing+caps+epic+Vancouver+Canucks/3225267/story.html|accessdate=2010-07-03|date=2010-07-01|publisher=''[[Vancouver Sun]]''|author=Iain MacIntyre}}</ref> The Canucks had reportedly tried to acquire Hamhuis previously at the 2009–10 trade deadline with Nashville asking for prospect [[Cody Hodgson]] and a first-round draft pick in exchange.<ref name=signs/> Several days prior to his free agency, the Canucks traded for defenceman [[Keith Ballard]] from the [[Florida Panthers]], which initially led Hamhuis to believe the Canucks would be no longer interested in him.<ref name=land/> However, on July 1, the Canucks were one of 10 teams to offer him a contract and he signed with the club despite more lucrative deals of up to $5 million in salary and terms of seven years.<ref name=contract10/><ref name=signs>{{citenews|title=Hamhuis signs with Canucks: $4.5 million US annually for six years|url=http://www.theprovince.com/business/Hamhuis+signs+with+Canucks+million+annually+years/3224486/story.html|accessdate=2010-07-04|date=2010-07-01|publisher=''[[The Province]]''|author=Ben Kuzma}}</ref>

Five games into the [[2010–11 NHL season|2010–11 season]], he suffered a bruised foot while blocking a shot during a contest against the [[Carolina Hurricanes]] on October 17, 2010.<ref>{{citenews|title=Canucks defence depleted by injuries|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/hockey/canucks-defence-depleted-by-injuries/article1780106/|accessdate=2010-11-18|date=2010-10-31|publisher=''[[The Globe and Mail]]''|author=Dhiren Mahiban}}</ref> The injury caused him to miss eight games.<ref>{{citenews|title=Canucks' Hamhuis ready to return from foot injury|url=http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=340496|accessdate=2010-11-18|date=2010-11-09|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]}}</ref> After returning to the lineup, he scored his first goal as a Canuck – an empty-netter in the final minute of a 5–3 win against the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]] on November 13.<ref>{{citenews|title=Canucks 5, Maple Leafs 3|urlhttp://www.nhl.com/ice/recap.htm?id=2010020235|accessdate=2010-11-18|date=2010-11-13|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]|author=Associated Press}}</ref> Later in the season, Hamhuis suffered a [[concussion]] during a game against the [[Anaheim Ducks]] on February 9, 2011. After making a pass from behind his net, he received a bodycheck from opposing forward [[Ryan Getzlaf]], causing him to hit his head on the boards. He lay motionless on the ice for several minutes before being helped to the Canucks' dressing room. While no penalty was called on the play, Hamhuis' teammates described the hit as a dirty play on Getzlaf's part after the game. Conversely, Canucks head coach [[Alain Vigneault]] told media it was a "good hit by a big player" and that Hamhuis "was watching his pass and should have been trying to protect himself."<ref>{{citenews|title=Canucks' Hamhuis sidelined indefinitely with concussion|url=http://tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=353423|accessdate=2011-02-11|date=2011-02-11|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]}}</ref> Speaking publicly of the injury for the first time 10 days later, Hamhuis said he did not deem the hit "dirty", but "unnecessary", given the "puck was...off [his] stick" and he was in a "vulnerable position".<ref>{{citenews|title=Canucks D Hamhuis back at practice after Feb. 9 concussion|url=http://tsn.ca/nhl/teams/story/?id=354566|accessdate=2011-02-20|date=2011-02-19|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]}}</ref> After returning to the lineup, he registered his first two-goal NHL game, including the overtime-winner, in a 4–3 win against the [[Phoenix Coyotes]].<ref>{{citenews|title=Ham-ming it up in the desert|url=http://www.vancouversun.com/sports/ming+desert/4407768/story.html|accessdate=2011-03-10|date=2011-03-08|work=[[The Vancouver Sun]]}}</ref> Finishing the regular season with 6 goals an 23 points over 64 games, he helped the Canucks to the best record in the NHL, earning them the franchise's first ever [[Presidents' Trophy]]. He ranked third on the team in plus-minus (+29) and average ice time per game (22 minutes and 40 seconds).<ref>{{Cite web|title=2010-2011 Regular Season - Vancouver Canucks - All Skaters - Summary - Total Points|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/playerstats.htm?fetchKey=20112VANSASAll&sort=points&viewName=summary|accessdate=2011-06-17|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]}}</ref> Entering the [[2011 Stanley Cup playoffs|2011 playoffs]] with the first seed in the West, the Canucks eliminated the [[Chicago Blackhawks]], Nashville Predators and [[San Jose Sharks]] en route to the [[2011 Stanley Cup Finals|Stanley Cup Finals]]. During Game 1 of the series against the [[Boston Bruins]], Hamhuis suffered a [[sports hernia]], as well as groin and lower abdomen injuries, resulting from a hip check he delivered to opposing forward [[Milan Lucic]]; he was sidelined for the remainder of the Finals.<ref name="lucic hit">{{cite news|title=Canucks' Hamhuis will need surgery; Ehrhoff avoid knife|url=http://tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=369245|accessdate=2011-06-17|date=2011-06-17|publisher=[[The Sports Network]]}}</ref> Prior to his injury, Hamhuis played a significant role in the team's playoff run, forming a shutdown defensive pairing with [[Kevin Bieksa]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Kevin Bieksa-Dan Hamhuis duo make Canucks case for the defence|url=http://www2.canada.com/story.html?id=4754518|accessdate=2011-06-17|date=2011-05-09|work=[[The Vancouver Sun]]|author=Ziemer, Brad|publisher=Postmedia News}}</ref> The two led Vancouver in average ice time per game throughout the playoffs.<ref>{{cite web|title=2010-2011 - Playoffs - Vancouver Canucks - All Skaters - Summary - Time On Ice Per Game|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/playerstats.htm?fetchKey=20113VANSASAll&sort=avgTOIPerGame&viewName=summary|accessdate=2011-06-17|publisher=[[National Hockey League]]}}</ref> It was revealed following the Canucks' Game 7 defeat to the Bruins that Hamhuis required off-season surgery.<ref name="lucic hit"/>

==International play==
{{MedalTableTop|2007 IIHF WC Dan Hamhuis crop.jpg|200px|Hamhuis with the IIHF World Championship trophy in [[2007 IIHF World Championship|2007]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{ih|CAN}}}}
{{MedalSport | [[Ice hockey]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Ice Hockey World Championships|World Championships]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[2009 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2009 Bern]] | }}
{{MedalSilver | [[2008 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2008 Quebec City]] | }}
{{MedalGold | [[2007 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2007 Moscow]] |}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|World Junior Championships]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[2002 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2002 Pardubice]] | }}
{{MedalBronze | [[2001 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2001 Moscow]] | }}
{{MedalBottom}}

Hamhuis played for the [[Canada national junior hockey team|Canadian national junior team]] at the [[2001 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2001]] and [[2002 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2002 World Junior Championships]]. He won a bronze medal with Canada in his first year at the tournament in [[Moscow]], Russia, contributing an assist in seven games. The following year in [[Pardubice]], Czech Republic, he recorded three points in six games, tying with for [[Carlo Colaiacovo]] for the team lead in scoring among defencemen.<ref>{{cite web|title=Team Statistics|url=http://www.iihf.com/hockey/x/0102/W20/gs/pg000054.htm|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> He was sidelined during the tournament with an injured shoulder, sustained after being hit from behind into the boards in a game against Russia.<ref>{{citenews|title=Alexander Svitov: Making Noise At 2002 WJC|url=http://www.hockeysfuture.com/articles/3584/alexander_svitov_making_noise_at2002_wjc/|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2002-01-01|publisher=Hockey's Future|author=Brandon LeBourveau}}</ref> He returned to help Canada to a silver medal, losing in the gold medal game to Russia 5–4.<ref>{{cite web|title=Results, Schedule|url=http://www.iihf.com/hockey/x/0102/W20/cs/pg000003.htm|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref>

Four years later, Hamhuis was named to the [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|Canadian men's team]] for the [[2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2006 World Championships]] in [[Riga]], Latvia – his first of four consecutive tournament appearances. Making his senior international debut, he led all Canadian defencemen with five points in nine games.<ref>{{cite web|title=Player Statistics By Team|url=http://www.iihf.com/Hydra/Tournaments_06/output/WS/ihm0460can_83_1_0.pdf|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]|format=PDF}}</ref> Canada was shutout in the bronze medal game by [[Finland national men's ice hockey team|Finland]] 5–0.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tournament Progress|url=http://www.iihf.com/Hydra/Tournaments_06/output/WS/ihm046z1117_76_1_0.pdf|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]|format=PDF}}</ref>

The [[2007 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|following year]], he was a late addition to Canada's roster on April 22, 2007, following the Predators' first-round [[Stanley Cup playoffs|playoff]] elimination. He was named to the team along with Predators teammate [[Shea Weber]].<ref name=adds>{{citenews|title=Team Canada adds NHLers Hamhuis and Weber|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/story/2007/04/22/weber-hockeyworlds.html|accessdate=2010-07-14|date=2007-04-22|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> Hamhuis went on to win his first international gold medal in a 4–2 final win against [[Finland men's national ice hockey team|Finland]] in Moscow.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2007 World Championship|url=http://www.iihf.com/Hydra/Tournaments_07/output/WS/hydra.iihf.com/113/index.html|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> He notched three points in nine games.

In [[2008 IIHF World Championship|2008]], Hamhuis and Canada made their second consecutive appearance in the gold medal game, but failed to defend their title in a 5–4 overtime loss to Russia. He ranked second behind [[Brent Burns]] on the team in average ice time with 17:47 minutes per game.<ref>{{cite web|title=Player Statistics By Team|url=http://stats.iihf.com/Hydra/132/IHM1320CAN_83_10_0.pdf|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]|format=PDF}}</ref>

Canada faced Russia once again the following year in [[2009 IIHF World Championship|2009]], losing 2–1. Hamhuis scored four points in nine games while ranking second in average ice time among Canadian players, behind Nashville teammate [[Shea Weber]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Player Statistics By Team|url=http://stats.iihf.com/Hydra/200/IHM2000CAN_83_10_0.pdf|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]|format=PDF}}</ref>

Later that summer, Hamhuis was invited to Team Canada's 46-player orientation camp, held in [[Calgary]] for the [[Ice hockey at the 2010 Winter Olympics|2010 Winter Olympics]].<ref>{{citenews|title=A look at the 46 players invited to to the Canadian Olympic team camp|url=http://www.sportingnews.com/nhl/article/2009-07-02/look-46-players-invited-canadian-olympic-team-camp|accessdate=2010-07-27|date=2009-07-02|publisher=''[[Sporting News]]'|author=Canadian Press}}</ref> He participated in the three-day camp in August 2009, but was not selected to the Olympic squad.

==Personal life==
Hamhuis was born and raised in [[Smithers, British Columbia]],<ref name=land>{{citenews|title=Canucks land Hamhuis, Malholtra, Tambellni on first day of free agency|url=http://www.vancouversun.com/business/Hamhuis+signing+caps+epic+Vancouver+Canucks/3225267/Canucks+land+Hamhuis+Malhotra+Tambellini+first+free+agency/3224559/story.html|accessdate=2010-07-04|date=2010-07-01|publisher=''[[Vancouver Sun]]''|author=Elliott Pap}}</ref> to parents Marty and Ida.<ref name=livinglight/> He has two sisters, Erin and Cindy.<ref name=livinglight/> His father and sisters also play hockey. Marty played [[senior ice hockey|senior hockey]], while Erin and Cindy played in a local women's league.<ref name=memories/> Hamhuis grew up in a [[Christianity|Christian]] home with his family and has continued to profess this faith.<ref name=livinglight/>

Beginning to play organized hockey at the age of four, Hamhuis was competing against other players as old as eight years, as his hometown was not big enough to fill teams for younger age groups.<ref name=memories>{{citenews|title=Hockey Memories with Dan Hamhuis|url=http://predators.nhl.com/club/news.htm?id=440129|accessdate=2010-07-13|date=2009-03-24|publisher=[[Nashville Predators]]|autor=Jared Wonderly}}</ref> He went to provincials four seasons in a row and won the title with his club, the Smithers Storm, in overtime during his last year of minor hockey.<ref name=memories/> Future Predators teammate [[Cody Franson]] was a stick boy for Hamhuis' team, while another Nashville blueliner, [[Shea Weber]], did the same for a competing team at provincial tournaments.<ref name=memories/> Hamhuis grew up cheering for the [[Edmonton Oilers]] and [[Vancouver Canucks]].<ref name=livinglight>{{citenews|title=Standing up on the blueline - and in life|url=http://www.livinglightnews.org/story2_03.04.htm|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=''Living Light News''|author=Lois Thomson|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5uKecEgCm|archivedate=2010-11-18}}</ref>

Hamhuis left home at the age of 15 to start playing [[junior ice hockey|junior]] in [[Prince George, British Columbia]].<ref name=memories/> During his time there, he met his wife, Sarah.<ref name=land/> They have two daughters together.<ref name=land/>

==Career statistics==
===Regular season and playoffs===
{| BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="0" width="75%" style="text-align:center"
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
! colspan="5" | [[Regular season|Regular season]]
! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
! colspan="5" | [[Playoffs]]
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! [[Season (sports)|Season]]
! Team
! League
! GP !! [[Goal (ice hockey)|G]] !! [[Assist (ice hockey)|A]] !! [[Point (ice hockey)|Pts]] !! [[Penalty (ice hockey)|PIM]]
! GP !! G !! A !! Pts !! PIM
|-
| [[1998–99 WHL season|1998–99]]
| [[Prince George Cougars]]
| [[Western Hockey League|WHL]]
| 56 || 1 || 3 || 4 || 45
| 7 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 8
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[1999–2000 WHL season|1999–00]]
| Prince George Cougars
| WHL
| 70 || 10 || 23 || 33 || 140
| 13 || 2 || 3 || 5 || 35
|-
| [[2000–01 WHL season|2000–01]]
| Prince George Cougars
| WHL
| 62 || 13 || 46 || 59 || 125
| 6 || 2 || 3 || 5 || 15
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2001–02 WHL season|2001–02]]
| Prince George Cougars
| WHL
| 59 || 10 || 50 || 60 || 135
| 7 || 0 || 5 || 5 || 16
|-
| [[2002–03 AHL season|2002–03]]
| [[Milwaukee Admirals]]
| [[American Hockey League|AHL]]
| 68 || 6 || 21 || 27 || 81
| 6 || 0 || 3 || 3 || 2
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2003–04 NHL season|2003–04]]
| [[Nashville Predators]]
| [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| 80 || 7 || 19 || 26 || 57
| 6 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 6
|-
| [[2004–05 AHL season|2004–05]]
| Milwaukee Admirals
| AHL
| 76 || 13 || 38 || 51 || 85
| 7 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 10
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2005–06 NHL season|2005–06]]
| Nashville Predators
| NHL
| 82 || 7 || 31 || 38 || 70
| 5 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| [[2006–07 NHL season|2006–07]]
| Nashville Predators
| NHL
| 81 || 6 || 14 || 20 || 66
| 5 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2007–08 NHL season|2007–08]]
| Nashville Predators
| NHL
| 80 || 4 || 23 || 27 || 66
| 6 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 6
|-
| [[2008–09 NHL season|2008–09]]
| Nashville Predators
| NHL
| 82 || 3 || 23 || 26 || 67
| — || — || — || — || —
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2009–10 NHL season|2009–10]]
| Nashville Predators
| NHL
| 78 || 5 || 19 || 24 || 49
| 6 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| [[2010–11 NHL season|2010–11]]
| [[Vancouver Canucks]]
| NHL
| 64 || 6 || 17 || 23 || 34
| 19 || 1 || 5 || 6 || 6
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | WHL totals
! 247 !! 34 !! 122 !! 156 !! 445
! 33 !! 5 !! 13 !! 18 !! 74
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | AHL totals
! 144 !! 19 !! 59 !! 78 !! 166
! 13 !! 0 !! 5 !! 5 !! 12
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | NHL totals
! 547 !! 38 !! 146 !! 184 !! 409
! 47 !! 2 !! 13 !! 15 !! 24
|}

===International===
{| BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0"
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! Year
! Team
! Event
! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |  
! GP !! G !! A !! Pts !! PIM
|- ALIGN="center"
| [[2001 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2001]]
| [[Canada men's national junior ice hockey team|Canada]]
| [[IIHF World U20 Championship|WJC]]
| 7 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 8
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2002 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|2002]]
| Canada
| WJC
| 6 || 0 || 3 || 3 || 8
|- ALIGN="center"
| [[2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2006]]
| [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|Canada]]
| [[Ice Hockey World Championships|WC]]
| 9 || 1 || 4 || 5 || 10
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2007 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2007]]
| Canada
| WC
| 9 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 2
|- ALIGN="center"
| [[2008 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2008]]
| Canada
| WC
| 9 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 8
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
| [[2009 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|2009]]
| Canada
| WC
| 9 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 16
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | Junior int'l totals
! 13 !! 0 !! 4 !! 4 !! 16
|- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! colspan="3" | Senior int'l totals
! 36 !! 5 !! 9 !! 14 !! 36
|}

==Awards==
===WHL and CHL===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Year
|-
| [[Prince George Cougars]] Rookie of the Year
| [[1998–99 WHL season|1999]]
|-
| Prince George Cougars All-Scholastic Player
| [[1998–99 WHL season|1999]], [[1999–2000 WHL season|2000]]
|-
| Prince George Cougars Most Dedicated Player
| [[2000–01 WHL season|2001]]
|-
| Prince George Cougars Most Valuable Player
| [[2001–02 WHL season|2002]]
|-
| [[Western Hockey League|WHL]] West First All-Star Team
| 2001
|-
| [[Bill Hunter Memorial Trophy]] (WHL Defenceman of the Year)
| 2002
|-
| [[Four Broncos Memorial Trophy]] (WHL Player of the Year)
| 2002
|-
| WHL West First All-Star Team
| 2002
|-
| [[CHL Defenceman of the Year]]
| 2002
|-
| [[Canadian Hockey League|CHL]] First All-Star Team
| 2002
|}

===AHL===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Year
|-
| [[American Hockey League|AHL]] Second All-Star Team
| [[2004–05 AHL season|2005]]
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{hockeydb|45193}}
*{{legendsofhockey|20132}}
*{{nhlprofile|8469465}}
*{{TSN-NHL-profile|2557}}
*{{espn nhl|2848}}

{{s-start}}
{{S-sports}}
{{succession box | before = [[Scott Hartnell]] | title = [[List of Nashville Predators draft picks|Nashville Predators first round draft pick]] | years = [[2001 NHL Entry Draft|2001]] | after = [[Scottie Upshall]]}}
{{s-ach}}
{{succession box| before = [[Marc-André Bergeron]] | after = [[Brendan Bell]] | title = Winner of the [[Canadian Hockey League|CHL]] [[CHL Defenceman of the Year|Defenceman of the Year]] | years = 2002}}
{{succession box| before = [[Christian Chartier]] | after = [[Jeff Woywitka]] | title = Winner of the [[Western Hockey League|WHL]] [[Bill Hunter Memorial Trophy]] | years = [[2001–02 WHL season|2002]]}}
{{succession box| before = [[Justin Mapletoft]] | after = [[Josh Harding]] | title = Winner of the WHL [[Four Broncos Memorial Trophy]] | years = [[2001–02 WHL season|2002]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Good article}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Hamhuis, Dan
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = December 13, 1982
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Smithers, British Columbia|Smithers]], [[British Columbia|BC]], [[Canada|CAN]]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamhuis, Dan}}
[[Category:1982 births]]
[[Category:Canadian ice hockey defencemen]]
[[Category:Ice hockey people from British Columbia]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Milwaukee Admirals players]]
[[Category:Nashville Predators draft picks]]
[[Category:Nashville Predators players]]
[[Category:National Hockey League first round draft picks]]
[[Category:People from the Regional District of Bulkley-Nechako]]
[[Category:Prince George Cougars alumni]]
[[Category:Vancouver Canucks players]]

[[de:Dan Hamhuis]]
[[fr:Dan Hamhuis]]
[[pl:Dan Hamhuis]]
[[simple:Dan Hamhuis]]
[[sk:Dan Hamhuis]]
[[fi:Dan Hamhuis]]

Criticism of Amnesty International

2011-07-05T14:58:46Z

Boxplot: /* Israel */

{{Main|Amnesty International}}

'''Criticism of Amnesty International''' (AI) includes claims of [[selection bias]], [[ideology|ideological]]/foreign policy bias against either non-[[Western_world#The_Cold_War|Western]] countries, or [[Western_world#The_Cold_War|Western]]-supported countries, AI's policies relating to [[abortion]], and organisational continuity.<ref name="CAQ_FBoyle" /> Governments who have criticised AI include those of [[Israel]], the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]],<ref name="namibian_AIbiased"/> the [[People's Republic of China]],<ref name="The U.S. and China This Week">[http://www.uscpf.org/news/2001/02/021601.htm The U.S. and China This Week], U.S.-China Policy Foundation, 16 February 2001. Retrieved 15 May 2006.</ref> [[Vietnam]],<ref name="thienlybuutoa.org">"[http://www.thienlybuutoa.org/Misc/cream_of_the_diplomatic_crop.htm The Cream of The Diplomatic Crop from Ha Noi.]", THIÊN LÝ BỬU TÒA. Retrieved 15 May 2006.</ref> [[Russia]]<ref name="hrvc.net">"[http://www.hrvc.net/news8-03/23b-8-03.html Russian official blasts Amnesty International over Chechnya refugees]", Human Rights Violations in Chechnya, 22 August 2003. Retrieved 15 May 2006.</ref> and the [[United States]],<ref name="Press Briefing By Scott McClellan">[http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/05/20050525-3.html#l Press Briefing By Scott McClellan], The White House, 25 May 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2006.</ref> who have attacked Amnesty International for what they assert is one-sided reporting or a failure to treat threats to security as a mitigating factor. The actions of these governments — and of other governments critical of Amnesty International — have been the subject of human rights concerns voiced by Amnesty. The [[Catholic Church]] has also criticized Amnesty for its stance on [[abortion]].<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite news |first=David |last= Crary|title= Furor Over Amnesty's Abortion Stance |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2007-07-26-1742525477_x.htm |[[USA Today]] |date= 2007-07-26 |accessdate=9 February 2009 }}</ref>

==Excessive Payouts to Senior Staff==
In February 2011, newspaper stories in the UK revealed that Khan had received a payment of UK £533,103 from Amnesty International following her resignation from the organisation on 31 December 2009,<ref name=civsoc/> a fact discovered in Amnesty's records for the 2009–2010 financial year. The sum paid to her was in excess of four times her annual salary of £132,490.<ref name=civsoc>Tania Mason, [http://www.civilsociety.co.uk/finance/news/content/8390/charity_commission_has_no_jurisdiction_over_board_members_payment_from_amnesty Charity Commission has 'no jurisdiction' over board member's payment from Amnesty], civilsociety.co.uk, 21 February 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.</ref> The deputy secretary general, Kate Gilmore – who also resigned in December 2009 – received an ex-gratia payment of £320,000.<ref name=civsoc/><ref name=expr>John Chapman, [http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/229903/Amnesty-boss-gets-secret-500-000-payout Amnesty boss gets secret £500,000 payout], express.co.uk, 19 February 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.</ref> Peter Pack, the chairman of Amnesty's international executive committee, said on 19 February 2011, "The payments to outgoing secretary general Irene Khan shown in the accounts of AI (Amnesty International) Ltd for the year ending March 31st 2010 include payments made as part of a confidential agreement between AI Ltd and Irene Khan."<ref name=expr/> and that "It is a term of this agreement that no further comment on it will be made by either party."<ref name=civsoc/> On 21 February Pack issued a further statement, in which he said that the payment was a "unique situation" that was "in the best interest of Amnesty’s work" and that there would be no repetition of it.<ref name=civsoc/> He stated that "the new secretary general, with the full support of the IEC, has initiated a process to review our employment policies and procedures to ensure that such a situation does not happen again."<ref name=civsoc/> Pack also stated that Ammesty was "fully committed to applying all the resources that we receive from our millions of supporters to the fight for human rights".<ref name=civsoc/>
In a letter to the "movement" dated February 25, Pack offered additional details, which in turn had been made public by Amnesty International Netherlands.<ref name=internal_statement_ai_nl>Peter Pack, [http://www.amnesty.nl/documenten/IEC%20letter%20PP%2025%20February%202011.pdf A letter to all AI members and staff from the International Executive Committee.], amnesty.nl, 25 February 2011. Retrieved 01 March 2011.</ref> According to this statement Irene Khan, being reluctant to retire at the end of her second term, the International Executive Committee offered her additional termination benefits, payment of back salary, bonuses and other inducements to leave. UK employment law offering additional protections to fixed-term employees had given Khan leverage to ask for termination benefits. The alternatives, according to Pack, would have been her continuation in office, or an official dismissal which might have led to litigation.

==Selection bias==
In 2007, AI stated that it reports disproportionately on relatively more democratic and open countries.<ref>Amnesty International [http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR23/006/2007/en/81dffda1-d399-11dd-a329-2f46302a8cc6/amr230062007en.pdf "Amnesty International response to Andrés Ballesteros et al."], ''AMR 23/006/2007'', 2007-02-21. Retrieved on 2010-04-23.</ref> AI's intention is not to produce a range of reports such that the number of reports on a country correlates precisely with the number and severity of its human rights abuses. Instead, its aim is: (a) to document what it can, to (b) produce pressure for improvement. These two factors skew the number of reports towards more open and democratic countries, because information is more easily obtainable, these countries have usually made strong claims and commitments to uphold human rights, and their governments are more susceptible to public pressure. AI also focuses more heavily on states than to other groups. This is due in part to the responsibility states have to the citizens they claim to represent.

==Claims of ideological/national foreign policy bias against non-Western countries==
Amnesty International has been accused of [[ideology|ideological]] bias by many governments of non-[[Western_world#The_Cold_War|Western]] countries, including those of, the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]],<ref name="namibian_AIbiased">{{Dead link|date=August 2009}}"[http://www.namibian.com.na/Netstories/2000/January/Africa/aggression.html DR Congo blasts Amnesty International report on repression]", ''The Namibian'', 14 January 2000. Retrieved 15 May 2006.</ref> the [[People's Republic of China]],<ref name="The U.S. and China This Week"/> [[Vietnam]],<ref name="thienlybuutoa.org"/> and [[Russia]]<ref name="hrvc.net"/> have attacked Amnesty International for what they assert is one-sided reporting or a failure to treat threats to security as a mitigating factor. The actions of these governments — and of other governments critical of Amnesty International — have been the subject of human rights concerns voiced by Amnesty.

===Claims of alignment with US/UK foreign policy interests and AI funding===
<ref>{{cite web |title=US lawyer seeks to sue US over Iran threats |url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=64435&sectionid=3510302 |author=Press TV |accessdate=2008-08-23}}</ref> [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]] professor of [[international law]] [[Francis Boyle]], who was a member of the board of Amnesty International USA at the end of the 1980s/early 1990s, claims that Amnesty International USA acted in ways closely related to [[United States foreign policy|United States]] and [[foreign relations of the United Kingdom|United Kingdom foreign policy]] interests. He stated that Amnesty, along with other human rights organisations in the US, failed to criticise sufficiently the [[Sabra and Shatila Massacre]] in [[Lebanon]].<ref name="CAQ_FBoyle">{{cite web| last =Bernstein| first =Dennis | authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Interview: Amnesty on Jenin – Dennis Bernstein and Dr. Francis Boyle Discuss the Politics of Human Rights| work =| publisher =[[Covert Action Quarterly]]| year =2002| url =http://cosmos.ucc.ie/cs1064/jabowen/IPSC/articles/article0004573.html | doi =| accessdate =2009-08-05 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5infq6M8l |archivedate=2009-08-05 |deadurl=no}}</ref> Boyle stated his suspicion that the International Secretariat of Amnesty International, based geographically in London, [[United Kingdom|UK]], was also subject to this bias. He attributes the alleged links between Amnesty International and US and UK foreign policy interests to the relatively large financial contribution of Amnesty International USA to AI's international budget, which he estimated at 20%.<ref name="CAQ_FBoyle" />

===1991 Gulf War Press Release===
Critics have also pointed out that AI had a role propagating disinformation in a press release before the 1991 Gulf War, in which it claimed that Iraqi soldiers were responsible for the deaths of "scores of civilians, including newborn babies, who died as a direct result of their forced removal from life-support machines."<ref>Francis Boyle and Dennis Bernstein, [http://www.corkpsc.org/db.php?aid=4573 Interview with Francis Boyle: Amnesty on Jenin], Covert Action Quarterly, Summer 2002. Kirsten Sellars, op. cit., als has a description of this saga.</ref> It later transpired that this claim was a propaganda hoax, and AI's press release was used in the opening salvo of this propaganda campaign – [[POTUS|U.S. President]] [[George H. W. Bush]] showed AI's press release on a prime time interview. Prof. [[Francis Boyle]], an AI USA director at the time, gives a detailed insider account of the way the AI press release was handled.<ref>Boyle, ibid.</ref> The normal process of double-checking and consultation was short-circuited in a rush to issue the press release. In an April 1991 statement, AI said that although its team was shown alleged mass graves of babies, it was not established how they had died and the team found no reliable evidence that Iraqi forces had caused the deaths of babies by removing them or ordering their removal from incubators.<ref>[http://www.amnestyusa.org/countries/kuwait/document.do?id=D45F2AF72CFB7A7E802569A600600E2C Kuwait: Amnesty International calls on emir to intervene over continuing torture and killings]</ref>

===Balkans===
*[[Diana Johnstone]], in her book ''Fools' Crusade'', alleged that AI played an uncritical role during the various Balkan wars, and discusses the case of a woman who was taken on a 25 US-city tour with a film about her ordeal as an alleged rape camp victim. According to Johnstone, the alleged rape camp victim, [[Jadranka Cigelj]], was actually a senior propagandist in the Croatian government, and a close confidante of President [[Franjo Tudjman]].<ref>Diana Johnstone, ''Fools' Crusade'': Yugoslavia, NATO and Western Delusions, Pluto Press, 2002.</ref>

*[[Michael Mandel (law professor)|Michael Mandel]], a professor of international law at York University, criticizes AI's stance pertaining to the wars in the Balkans and Iraq.<ref>Michael Mandel, ''How America Gets Away with Murder: Illegal Wars, Collateral Damage and Crimes Against Humanity'', Pluto Press, 2004.</ref>

===Cricket ball campaign against Sri Lanka at the Cricket World Cup 2007===
AI launched its [http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA37/009/2007/en/56d40894-d39f-11dd-a329-2f46302a8cc6/asa370092007es.pdf "Sri Lanka, Play by the Rules"] campaign, timed to coincide with the [[Cricket World Cup 2007]] held in the [[Caribbean]] islands, to focus on Sri Lanka's alleged human rights violations. The Sri Lankan government protested to the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC) and AI, saying the timing might undermine the morale of the [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka cricket team]], which was playing in round Super 8 of the tournament. The Sri Lankan government also accused AI of indirectly supporting the [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]]. The Foreign Ministry of Sri Lanka said they got an assurance from the ICC that all steps would be taken to prevent AI from carrying out any campaign within the grounds targeting Sri Lanka or its players;<ref>[http://www.defence.lk/new.asp?fname=20070409_03 Sri Lanka: Amnesty knocked out of World Cup]</ref> however, the ICC later said it is determined to focus on the World Cup and nothing else.

AI stressed that the campaign was not aimed at the Sri Lanka cricket team. According to an AI spokesman, "The campaign called on both parties as well as other militant groups in Sri Lanka to take steps to prevent civilians caught between as violence intensifies." "The signed balls will be delivered to the government of Sri Lanka as well as the LTTE", AI said in a statement.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/sinhala/news/story/2007/04/070408_icc_amnesty_rules.shtml BBC Sinhala: ICC rejects Sri Lanka claims]</ref> The Sunday Island, a prominent national newspaper in Sri Lanka, criticised AI's response: "..when the campaign is directed at ‘Sri Lanka,’ the focus is clearly on the country and its legitimate government rather than on the terrorists. When such a campaign is conducted during a sporting event in which the targeted country is also participating, it constitutes a form of punishment, whereby the spectators are told that the participant country is doing something bad. When that happens, they may adopt a wholly different attitude towards the Sri Lankan cricket team even though its not the cricket team that is [accused of] carrying out abductions and causing disappearances or waging war.<ref>[http://www.island.lk/2007/04/08/politics1.html The Sunday Island – Politics]</ref>"

Sri Lankan government criticized AI for selectively targeting Sri Lanka while not targeting other nations accused of human rights violations in the same sporting event or in similar major sporting events. "One would like to ask Amnesty International whether it plans to take up the issue of human rights violations by the US government in Iraq or in [[Guantanamo Bay]] at the Super Bowl match or the National Basketball League championship," the director of the Sri Lankan president's Media Division said.<ref>[http://cricketnext.in.com/news/lanka-blasts-amnesty-campaign-at-wc/24161-13.html Lanka blasts Amnesty campaign at WC]</ref>

==Claims of ideological/national foreign policy bias against Western-supported countries ==

Amnesty International has been accused of [[ideology|ideological]] bias by governments and citizens of [[Western_world#The_Cold_War|Western]] or Western-supported countries, including [[Israel]]<ref name="namibian_AIbiased" /> and the [[United States]].<ref name="Press Briefing By Scott McClellan"/>

===Israel===
AI allowed a speaking event to take place in London, organized by the magazine Middle East Monitor Online (MEMO)and the [[Palestine Solidarity Campaign]]. Much controversy surrounded this event since one of the speakers included [[Abdel Bari Atwan]], editor of the London-based [[al-Quds al-Arabi]] newspaper. In the past, Atwan has said that "he would “dance with delight” in [[Trafalgar Square]] if [[Iran]] attacked [[Israel]]," and that the [[terrorist attack]] on the [[Mercaz_HaRav_massacre|Mercaz HaRav]] yeshiva, in which eight students were killed, “was justified” as it was responsible for “hatching Israeli extremists and fundamentalists.” Amnesty responded by saying that "while we did have concerns about the way the event had originally been organized, these have been resolved."<ref>[http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=221927 Amnesty approves controversial anti-Israel event]</ref>

Some people have criticized AI of promoting an unbalanced and excessive focus on Israel. The [[American Jewish Congress]] asserts that AI's [[criticism of Israel]] distorts the law of war by "read[ing] the law of war as if it was a law banning war", and misinterprets the [[Geneva Conventions]] with regard to the issue of proportionality in war.<ref>[http://www.cicweb.ca/scene/2009/02/american-jewish-congress-amnesty-internationals-criticism-of-israeli-action-in-gaza-distorts-the-law-of-war/ American Jewish Congress: Amnesty International’s Criticism of Israeli Action in Gaza Distorts the Law of War]</ref> Yael Beck and Merav Fima of [[NGO Monitor]], a Pro-Israel NGO, claim the AI has an "obsession with Israel" and "persistently condemns Israel while ignoring suffering elsewhere".<ref>[http://www.ynet.co.il/english/articles/0,7340,L-3604542,00.html Amnesty’s obsession with Israel]</ref>

Dan Kosky of [[NGO Monitor]] claims that AI's calls for an international arms embargo against Israel is "tantamount to placing Israel on trial in a kangaroo court" by accusing Israel of war crimes without a serious investigation to determine whether its actions were legal or not.<ref>[http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article/getting_human_rights_wrong Getting human rights wrong]</ref> Amnesty International had called for international arms bans against Israel, as well as Hamas and Hezbollah, following the 2006 Lebanon War and Gaza War, where it accused all sides, especially Israel, of war crimes, and supported the [[Goldstone Report]].

[[Alan Dershowitz]], professor of law at [[Harvard University]], in his book ''The Case for Israel'', is very critical of AI and their comparison of Israel to nations such as [[Sudan]] and other offenders of human rights. Amnesty International has consistently called on Israel to bring any officer suspected of human rights violations to justice and to remove its settlements in the West Bank. It has also opposed "discrimination" against [[Arab citizens of Israel]], and claims that the [[Law of Return]] and [[Entry into Israel Law]] are discriminatory, as they grant automatic citizenship to Jews worldwide, while denying [[Palestinian refugee]]s the [[right of return]]. It has also opposed the blockade of the [[Gaza Strip]], calling it "collective punishment".

NGO Monitor published a full report and statistical analysis of AI's "ideological bias and double standards".<ref>[http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article/human_rights_upheaval_amnesty_international_in_ Moral Collapse: Amnesty International in 2009]</ref>

In 2010 [[Frank Johansson]], the chairman of Amnesty International-[[Finland]] called Israel a "nilkkimaa," a derogatory term variously translated as "scum state", "creep state" or "punk state."<ref>[http://www.jta.org/news/article/2010/08/24/2740599/finlands-ai-head-calls-israel-punk-state] Aug. 24, 2010, Jewish Telegraphic Agency.</ref><ref name=Weinthatl/> Johansson stood by his statement, saying that they were based on Israel's "repeated flouting of international law", and his own personal experiences with Israelis. When asked by a journalist if any other country on earth that could be described in these terms, he said that he could not think of any, although some individual “Russian officials” could be so described.<ref name=Weinthatl/> According to Israeli professor [[Gerald M. Steinberg]] of [[NGO Monitor]] “Amnesty International has promoted an intense anti-Israel ideology, resulting in statements like these."<ref name=Weinthatl>[http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?ID=185846 "Amnesty Int'l Finland: Israel scum state,"] Benjamin Weinthal, August 14, 2010, Jerusalem Post.</ref>

=== Guantánamo Bay comments ===
[[Image:Acto cerremos guantanamo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Protest against human rights violation at Guantànamo Bay prison (June 2006)]]
In the foreword<ref>[http://web.amnesty.org/report2005/message-eng AI Report 2005 — ''Foreword''] Irene Khan, ''Amnesty International'' 2005</ref> to AI’s ''Report 2005'',<ref>[http://web.amnesty.org/report2005/index-eng AI Report 2005] ''Amnesty International'' 2005</ref> the Secretary General, [[Irene Khan]], referred to the [[Guantánamo Bay]] prison as "the [[gulag]] of our times, entrenching the practice of arbitrary and indefinite detention in violation of international law. Trials by military commissions have made a mockery of justice and due process." In the subsequent press conference, she added, "If Guantanamo evokes images of Soviet repression, "[[ghost detainees]]" – or the incommunicado detention of unregistered detainees — bring back the practice of "[[Forced disappearance|disappearances]]" so popular with Latin American dictators in the past. According to US official sources there could be over 100 ghost detainees held by the US. In 2004, thousands of people were held by the US in Iraq, hundreds in Afghanistan and undisclosed numbers in undisclosed locations. AI is calling on the US Administration to "close Guantanamo and disclose the rest".<ref>[http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGPOL100142005 Amnesty International Report 2005\r\nSpeech by Irene Khan\r\nat Foreign Press Association | Amnesty International]</ref>

Former U.S. Secretary of Defense [[Donald Rumsfeld]] believed the comments were "reprehensible", Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] said he was "offended", and President Bush said he believed the report was "absurd". The ''[[Washington Post]]'' editorialized that "lately the organization has tended to save its most vitriolic condemnations not for the world’s dictators but for the United States."<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/25/AR2005052501838.html?nav=mb American Gulag] ''Washington Post'', May 26, 2005</ref> The [[human rights]] organization [[Human Rights Watch]] also criticized the [[George W. Bush|Bush administration]] over the camp in its 2003 world report, stating: "[[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] has ignored human rights standards in its own treatment of [[terrorism]] [[suspects]]."<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080723081222/http://www.hrw.org/press/2003/01/wr2003.htm New Survey Documents Global Repression] Human Rights Watch, January 14, 2003</ref>

[[Edmund McWilliams]], a retired senior US Foreign Service Officer who monitored [[Soviet]] and Vietnamese abuse of prisoners in their "gulags", defended Amnesty International’s comparison. "I note that abuses that I reported on in those inhumane systems parallel abuses reported in Guantanamo, at the [[Bagram air base]] in Afghanistan and at the [[Abu Ghraib]] prison: prisoners suspended from the ceiling and beaten to death; widespread "[[waterboarding]]"; prisoners "disappeared" to preclude monitoring by the [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] — and all with almost no senior-level accountability."<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/01/AR2005060101674.html A U.S. Gulag by Any Name] ''Washington Post'', June 2, 2005</ref>

[[William F. Schulz]], Executive Director of Amnesty International USA, defended the statement, saying, "What is 'absurd' is President Bush's attempt to deny the deliberate policies of his administration." and "What is 'absurd' and indeed outrageous is the Bush administration's failure to undertake a full independent investigation". Secretary General Irene Khan also responded saying, "The administration's response has been that our report is absurd, that our allegations have no basis, and our answer is very simple: if that is so, open up these detention centres, allow us and others to visit them."

Since the U.S. administration originally claimed that these prisoners were not entitled to the protections of the [[Geneva Conventions]], the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] has ruled against this interpretation (on June 29, 2006).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/05pdf/05-184.pdf|format=PDF| title=Hamdan v. Rumsfeld| month=29 June| year=2006| accessdate = 2007-02-10}}</ref> Following this, on July 7, 2006, the Department of Defense issued an internal memo stating that prisoners will in the future be entitled to protection under the Geneva Conventions.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5169600.stm|publisher=BBC|title=US detainees to get Geneva rights|date=2006-07-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/07/11/congress.guantanamo.ap/|title=White House: Detainees entitled to Geneva Convention protections|date=2006-07-11|publisher=CNN}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/07/11/politics/main1790470.shtml|title=White House Changes Gitmo Policy|publisher=CBS News|date=2006-07-11}}</ref>

In 2010, [[Gita Sahgal]], an Amnesty senior official, publicly condemned the organization for its collaboration with former Guantanamo detainee [[Moazzam Begg]] of [[Cageprisoners]]. In a letter to Amnesty's leadership, she wrote: "''To be appearing on platforms with Britain's most famous supporter of the Taliban, whom we treat as a human rights defender, is a gross error of judgment.''" She warned that it "''constitutes a threat to human rights.''"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/afghanistan/article7017810.ece|title=Amnesty International is 'damaged' by Taliban link|date=2010-02-07|publisher=The Times | location=London | first=Richard | last=Kerbaj | accessdate=30 April 2010}}</ref> Begg has toured Europe with Amnesty officials.<ref>[http://www.amnesty.org.uk/news_details.asp?NewsID=18567 Guantánamo: New call for Europe to take 50 men trapped at camp], ''Amnesty International'', January 11, 2010, ([http://www.webcitation.org/5n6SQCNbE archive])</ref>

==AI's new abortion policies and the Roman Catholic Church==

In April 2007, Amnesty International changed its neutral stance on abortion to supporting access to abortion in cases of [[rape]] and [[incest]], and when the life or the health of the mother might be threatened.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.amnesty.org/actforwomen/sexual_and_reproductive_rights-eng |title=To Stop Violence Against Women respect for women's human rights is essential |accessdate=2007-07-15 |publisher=Amnesty International }}</ref> Amnesty's official policy is that they "do not promote abortion as a universal right" but "support the decriminalisation of abortion".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.amnesty.org/index/ENGPOL300122007 |title=Amnesty International defends access to abortion for women at risk |date=2007-06-14 }}</ref> According to deputy secretary general Kate Gilmore, the debate over the change was difficult, but eventually the overwhelming majority of national Amnesty chapters supported the change.The change was opposed by several organizations, notably by senior figures in the Catholic Church, traditionally a strong supporter of Amnesty International,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thestar.com/columnists/article/240713 |title=Amnesty, Catholic Church go to war over abortion |date=2007-07-28 |publisher=The Toronto Star | first=Lynda | last=Hurst | accessdate=30 April 2010}}</ref> and a group of US legislators. She admitted a small number of members had quit over the issue.<ref name=autogenerated1 />

The Roman Catholic Church's [[Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace]] in June 2007 issued a statement urging Catholics not to donate to Amnesty because of their abortion stance.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6750887.stm |title=Vatican urges end to Amnesty aid |date=2007-06-14 |publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Renato Martino]] said that abortion was "murder" and "to justify it selectively, in the event of rape, that is to define an innocent child in the belly of its mother as an enemy, as 'something one can destroy'". In an interview to the [[National Catholic Register]], the Cardinal outlined that it was his belief that "if in fact Amnesty International persists in this course of action, individuals and Catholic organizations must withdraw their support, because, in deciding to promote abortion rights, AI has betrayed its mission".<ref>[http://ncregister.com/site/article/2904 National Catholic Register 12 June 2007: No Amnesty For the Unborn] Website last accessed 19 June 2007</ref>

At a meeting in Mexico 11–17 August 2007, the International Council decided to retain the stance laid down in April. Within days, this was decried by prominent leaders of the Catholic Church, including the highest-ranking Vatican cardinal Secretaty of State [[Tarcisio Bertone]] and the U.S. Bishops' Conference [[USCCB]] president [[Bishop William S. Skylstad]]. Cardinal Bertone said to [[Vatican Radio]] that "we cannot ever destroy life. We must always save life even if it is the fruit of violence",<ref>[http://www.lifesite.net/ldn/2007/aug/07082005.html Lifesite.net (20 August 2007)] – Website last accessed 26 August 2007</ref> and underlined that "all forms of violence against women must be opposed and that the inhuman violence of rape be stopped and society be mobilized to defend the dignity of women". The USCCB statement of 23 August called the change in the organization’s longstanding position divisive and an affront to "people in many nations, cultures and religions who share a consistent commitment to all human rights".<ref>[http://www.usccb.org/comm/archives/2007/07-136.shtml USCCB.com website (24 August 2007)] – Website last accessed 26 August 2007</ref> An English Roman Catholic Bishop, [[Michael Evans (bishop)|Michael Evans]] of [[East Anglia Diocese|East Anglia]], who had been an officer in AI in the 1980s, cancelled his membership after 31 years, saying that the "decision makes it very difficult for Catholics to remain members of Amnesty or to give it any financial support" while reiterating that he remained "deeply committed to Amnesty’s original mandate: to work for freedom for prisoners of conscience, an end to torture and the death penalty, and fair trials for all."<ref>[http://www.eastangliadiocese.org.uk/bishop/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=3&MMN_position=78:78 East Anglia Diocese website – Bishop's Pages] – Website last accessed 26 August 2007</ref> In Australia, several Catholic schools and institutions withdrew from Amnesty International,<ref>[http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=10373 Australian bishop urges Amnesty International to reverse new policy on abortion] – Website last accessed 21 September 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.cathnews.com/news/709/121.php Melbourne Catholic schools to cut ties with Amnesty]- Website last accessed 21 September 2007</ref> and in its place set up the Benenson Society, which pursues a similar human rights advocacy agenda to Amnesty's, but without being pro-choice on abortion.<ref>[http://www.staloysius.nsw.edu.au/associations/benenson/default.asp St Aloysius' College]</ref> The Australian Catholic bishops urged Catholics 'to seek other avenues of defending human rights', adopting a position that 'membership of Amnesty International is no longer compatible with Catholic teaching and belief'.<ref>[http://www.eurekastreet.com.au/article.aspx?aeid=3757 Don't boycott pro-choice Amnesty – Eureka Street]</ref> There were also strong reactions from the Catholic Church in [[Denmark]],<ref>[http://information.dk/141836 Katolikker bør ikke støtte Amnesty] – Website last accessed 21 September 2007</ref> [[Northern Ireland]]<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,2171353,00.html Amnesty faces ban in Northern Ireland's Catholic schools] – Website last accessed 21 September 2007</ref> and [[Scotland]]<ref>[http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=10231 Head of Catholic Church in Scotland resigns from Amnesty International] – Website last accessed 21 September 2007</ref> and several other countries.

As of 10 December 2007, International Human Rights Day, an Amnesty-member led pressure group called 'Roll Back Amnesty' was established to co-ordinate membership opposition to the abortion policy initiative.
As of 20 December 2007, the Roll Back Amnesty Group was advised by the International Secretariat, via the Group's website provider, that the Group could not use the Amnesty logo on its website, nor use the word 'amnesty' in its domain name, and that the website provider should take all necessary steps to resolve the situation. Amnesty International went further, asserting that they would take legal action if both issues were not addressed within 14 days.

==Organisational continuity==
[[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]] professor of [[international law]] [[Francis Boyle]], who spent several years as an Amnesty International USA Board member, claimed that aspects of organisational continuity and survival came ahead of human rights aims. He stated "Amnesty International is primarily motivated not by human rights but by publicity. Second comes money. Third comes getting more members. Fourth, internal turf battles. And then finally, human rights, genuine human rights concerns."<ref name="CAQ_FBoyle" />

The [[Irish Independent]], that country's largest selling newspaper, in November 2009 acknowledged the original worthy aims of the organisation, but commented that now it seemed it "has forceful and declamatory opinions on littering, breast-feeding, double-parking, immigration, global warming, airline taxes and the laws on offside in soccer and [[leg before wicket|lbw]] in cricket."<ref>http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/kevin-myers/kevin-myers-spare-child-benefit-there-are-90-other-areas-that-can-be-hit-1952701.html</ref>

==See also==
* [[Criticism of Human Rights Watch]]

== References ==
{{Citation style|date=September 2009}}
{{reflist|2}}

== Further reading ==
* American Gulag at [[National Review Online]] (May 27, 2005).[http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/rivkin_casey200505270804.asp ]
* Paul de Rooij, [http://www.counterpunch.org/rooij10132004.html AI: A false beacon?], CounterPunch, October 13, 2004. Contains a reading list. Alleges AI has anti-Palestinian bias.
* Michael Mandel, ''How America Gets Away With Murder: Illegal Wars, Collateral Damage and Crimes Against Humanity'', Pluto Press 2004. Alleges AI is selective in defending "human rights", in particular, regarding the US-Iraq war 2003, and the War in the Balkans.
* Jonathan V. Last, [http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/002/477lfquo.asp?pg=1 Calling It Like They See It], [[FrontPageMag.com|FrontPageMagazine]], April 3, 2003. Alleges AI has anti-American/Israel bias.
* Nabeel Abraham, [http://www.corkpsc.org/db.php?aid=4414 Torture, Anyone?], ''Lies of Our Times'', May 1992, pp. 2 – 4. Claims AI and other groups are reticent in describing alleged torture on the part of Israel.
{{Abortion}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Criticism Of Amnesty International}}
[[Category:Amnesty International]]
[[Category:Criticisms|Amnesty International]]

[[fi:Amnesty Internationalin kritiikki]]

Absolute Power (radio and TV series)

2011-07-05T14:57:44Z

Boxplot: /* Radio version */

'''''Absolute Power''''' was a [[United Kingdom|British]] [[comedy]] series, set in the offices of Prentiss McCabe, a fictional [[public relations]] company (or 'government-media relations consultancy') in [[London]], run by Charles Prentiss ([[Stephen Fry]]) and Martin McCabe ([[John Bird (actor)|John Bird]]).

It started in 2000 on [[BBC Radio 4]], with the fourth and last radio series broadcast in 2004. A six-part [[television]] series ran on [[BBC Two]] towards the end of 2003; the second six-episode television series ran on BBC Two on Thursdays at 10 pm from 21st July to 25th August 2005. A one-off radio episode was broadcast on 3rd November 2006.

The title is taken from a quotation by the historian [[John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton|Lord Acton]] that "power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely".

==Radio version==
{{Infobox Radio Show
| show_name = Absolute Power
| format =
| runtime = approx. 28 min. per episode
| country = [[United Kingdom]]
| language = [[English language|English]]
| home_station = [[BBC Radio 4]]
| television = [[Absolute Power (comedy)#TV series|Absolute Power]]
| starring = [[Stephen Fry]] [[John Bird (actor)|John Bird]] [[Siobhan Hayes]] [[Tony Gardner]] (series 1-3 and special) [[Tamsin Greig]] (series 2) Tom George (series 3-4) [[Alex Lowe (actor)|Alex Lowe]]
| creator = [[Mark Tavener]]
| writer = Mark Tavener
| executive_producer = [[Paul Schlesinger]]
| first_aired = 5 January 2000
| last_aired = 3 November 2006
| num_series = 4 (plus 1 special)
| num_episodes = 22
| website = [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/comedy/absolute.shtml Absolute Power]
}}
The series was devised and written by [[Mark Tavener]], and logically follows the series ''[[In the Red (novel)|In the Red]]'', ''In the Balance'', ''In the Chair'', and ''In the End'' which he wrote with [[Peter Baynham]]. In some of these, Prentiss and McCabe (again played by Fry and Bird) are elevated members of the [[BBC]], before getting kicked out. The idea is that after this they created Prentiss McCabe, which is the subject of ''Absolute Power''. The tone and style of ''Absolute Power'' is so different from the ''In the...'' series that it can be regarded as a totally different programme. It was produced by [[Dawn Ellis]].

Prentiss is a man without morals, whose only objectives are money and power. He is portrayed as being the brains, while McCabe, though an excellent speech-writer, lacks his motivation and insight. McCabe's ambitions include retiring and drinking [[claret]], and he spends his life in a state of cynicism, lack of energy and boredom. McCabe (who describes himself as "a first class mind") does sometimes have good ideas, but they usually become Prentiss's ideas by the time they are presented to the client, and he lacks the energy to make more than mild objections. McCabe is also more likely to baulk at a scheme for moral reasons than Prentiss.

Stephen Fry said of Charles Prentiss, "He's a brute of a man, out to win, with no morals; he's completely shameless. There's not much to say that's nice about him, except that there is some pleasure in watching a natural born killer at work and knowing whatever happens he will win".

Prentiss and McCabe often find themselves working on behalf of two rival clients, one of whom is often the shadier side of the [[The Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] [[Government]], often called their "Downing Street Retainer". This is usually something of an inconvenience as Prentiss is met by Archie Hilditch ([[Tony Gardner]], [[Alex Lowe (actor)|Alex Lowe]]), a faceless member of the Government, in a deserted location (such as [[Frank Dobson]]'s campaign headquarters), and told he needs to ruin the popularity of the organisation that he has spent half the programme building up. For example, in one episode they're employed by the government to increase the popularity of the [[European Union]], while also being employed by the [[Eurosceptic]] newspaper ''[[The Sun (newspaper)|The Sun]]'' to increase sales. It is probably a good thing in the end, as the firm relies on these payments since neither Prentiss nor McCabe seems to want to do any real work.

The third member of the company is Sandy ([[Siobhan Hayes]]), who is there as the office trainee, getting work experience for her [[National Vocational Qualification|NVQ]] level 2. She usually does all the work that the partners in the firm cannot be bothered to do, such as filling out thousands of public opinion polls in different handwritings, though she will only agree to do something if it can be twisted into one of the 'nine levels of competence' of her NVQ. Another member of the office is the useless Clive ([[Tom George]]) or as Martin calls him, 'young, er, thing', who often turns publicity stunts into bloodbaths. He first appears in series three, after Sandy leaves the company to become a nurse (although due to her fiddling with the accounts, she still gets paid).

Another regular character is Maurice, the waiter at McCabe's [[gentlemen's club (traditional)|club]]. Each time he serves McCabe's claret, he corrects the English pronunciation of Maurice (Morris) to the French (Maur-ees), and each time Prentiss puts him down with a verse like "One man by circumstance is in splendour set; whilst another irons pants in a laundrette. Go and iron my pants, Morris".

In series 1, one of the running jokes is the company trying to avoid working on "The Sir Harold Dixon Account." Although he is never heard, it is known that he is a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] politician. As the series goes on, Sandy becomes more frustrated, and in the last episode she changes jobs and starts working for Sir Harold. However, after allegations of sleaze, Sir Harold is made bankrupt and Sandy returns to Prentiss McCabe.

In series 2, another character was created, Gayle Shand, played by [[Tamsin Greig]]. Gayle was a former employee of Prentiss McCabe and Charles's former girlfriend, with whom she had a heavily sexual relationship (they often made love whilst listening to classical music). However, the relationship fell apart after Gayle told Charles that she was already married to an insect specialist from [[Philadelphia]]. She now runs a rival firm to Prentiss McCabe, which is a much larger company, and is often trying to win Archie's contract, or is the agent of a rival client to Prentiss McCabe's current one. For example, whilst Charles and Martin work for the PM via Archie, Gayle is the spin doctor for the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. Prentiss McCabe always come up with a plan to keep Archie on their side, despite Gayle's attempts to stop them, even trying to make Charles a partner in her firm.

Also introduced was her assistant, Janice, who suspected that Gayle's personal rivalry with Charles did not lead to the best decisions.

In the last episode of series 2, Gayle was leaving for America, and made one last bet with Charles. She bet her company against Charles's testicles that he could not make the [[Home Secretary]] say, "Prison doesn't work". Despite Charles's best attempts, Gayle won because she bribed the Home Secretary, as she was having an affair with someone in the Home Office. Luckily, she called off the bet providing Charles could make love to her to the tune of the [[1812 overture]]. Charles managed to get his own back, however, by planting some Class A Drugs in her suitcase as she left for America. Charles may nevertheless still have some feelings for her, and sometimes reminisces about their relationship.

A one-off special episode was broadcast on the 3 November 2006, with Tony Gardner playing Archie. In the special, Martin goes to jail for seven years for fraud (having been implicated in the [[Cash for Peerages]] scandal). Archie, who has left New Labour, then blackmails Charles into giving him a job in order to prevent any more embarrassing information getting out about the company.

However, Charles soon learns that in fact Archie has framed both Martin and himself, with the assistance of Martin's girlfriend, and they are planning to take over Prentiss McCabe. After Charles finds proof, Archie goes to jail and Martin gets released, but as he has been moved to an open prison, he does not feel like leaving too soon.

The radio series is sometimes repeated on [[BBC 7]] as part of their, "Comedy Club". These repeats are some of the most listened shows on BBC Radio, attracting over 70,000 listeners a week.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/onlinestatistics.shtml#top30 BBC Online Statistics]</ref>

===Hutton Report===
The first episode of series 4 was controversially edited because of references to the [[Hutton Report]]. The words "manipulation and lying" was cut from Prentiss's line: "There's nothing Prentiss McCabe can teach this Prime Minister about deception, manipulation and lying, except how to do it properly".<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3453603.stm</ref><ref>http://www.writewords.org.uk/news/381.asp</ref>

==TV series==
{{Infobox Television
| show_name = Absolute Power
| image = [[Image:Absolute Power title card.jpg|250px]]
| caption = Series title card
| genre = [[Comedy]] [[Satire]]
| creator = [[Mark Tavener]]
| director = [[John Morton (writer)|John Morton]] [[Tristram Shapeero]]
| starring = [[Stephen Fry]] [[John Bird (actor)|John Bird]] [[James Lance]] [[Zoe Telford]] [[Sally Bretton]] [[Nicholas Burns (British actor)|Nick Burns]]
| composer = [[Ben Bartlett]]
| country = [[United Kingdom]]
| language = [[English language|English]]
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 12
| executive_producer = [[Jon Plowman]]
| producer = [[Paul Schlesinger]]
| runtime = approx. 29 mins. per episode
| network = [[BBC Two]]
| first_aired = 10 November 2003
| last_aired = 25 August 2005
| related = [[In the Red (novel)|In the Red]]
}}
The television series was written by [[Guy Andrews]], [[Mark Lawson]] and [[Andrew Rattenbury]], and had the tag "[[Spin (public relations)|spin]] is dead, long live [[public relations|PR]]". Unlike most radio to TV sitcom transfers, none of the TV episodes were based on a radio episode. There are many differences to the radio version. Prentiss McCabe is a much more powerful and respected organisation than in the radio series. Martin McCabe is much more worldly wise. The secret meetings with government representatives are gone and replaced with more cups of coffee with newspaper editors and private secretaries.

While the radio series has one trainee, the TV version has several young professionals working at the agency. Most notable are Jamie Front ([[James Lance]]) and Alison Jackman ([[Zoe Telford]]). While Jamie is a brilliant liar and naturally devious, Alison is very intelligent but too honest and somewhat literal-minded. Charles Prentiss said of her, "Most of the young people here at Prentiss McCabe don't know their arse from their elbow, but with Alison, at least you know she'll join the Royal Arse Society and get a book about elbows from the library". Also in the firm are Cat Durnford ([[Sally Bretton]]), the young party girl, and Nick Mayer ([[Nicholas Burns (British actor)|Nick Burns]]), Charles's personal assistant.

Instead of political schemes, the agency concentrates on working with celebrities: something that is rare in the radio version. In the radio episode where McCabe works with a [[Big Brother (TV series)|Big Brother]] contestant, this is shown as an exceptional event, but would be normal behaviour in the TV series. Contrariwise, in the TV episode "The House of Lords", Charles is mildly surprised to be contacted by a government spin doctor.

Notable [[Cameo appearance|cameo]] and guest-starring roles in the television series have included:
*[[Fern Britton]]
*[[Tim Brooke-Taylor]]
*[[Angus Deayton]]
*[[Gareth David-Lloyd]]
*[[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]]
*[[Sharon Horgan]]
*[[Gareth Hunt]]
*[[Mark Lawson]]
*[[Dermot Murnaghan]]
*[[Geoffrey Palmer (actor)|Geoffrey Palmer]]
*[[Anneka Rice]]
*[[Chipo Chung]]
*[[Phillip Schofield]]
*[[John Sessions]]
*[[Ray Stubbs]]
*[[Anthea Turner]]
*[[Kirsty Wark]]
*[[Matthew Wright]]

===The London bombings===
Owing to the terrorist attacks on London on the 7th and 21 July 2005, the first episode of the second series (in which a member of the [[bin Laden family]] attempted to buy [[British Airways]]) was replaced by an episode from later in the series. The bin Laden episode was aired several weeks later.

==Episode list==
===The Radio Series===
'''Series 1'''
*S01 E01 - Conservative Party (5 January 2000)
*S01 E02 - Relaunch of the Sun (12 January 2000)
*S01 E03 - Mayor of London (19 January 2000)
*S01 E04 - The Church of England (26 January 2000)
*S01 E05 - Radio 3 (2 February 2000)
*S01 E06 - English Sporting Success (9 February 2000)

'''Series 2'''
*S02 E01 - Martin is Bored (30 January 2001)
*S02 E02 - Promoting Philosophy (6 February 2001)
*S02 E03 - Relaunching a Literary Career (13 February 2001)
*S02 E04 - The Elderly Initiative (20 February 2001)
*S02 E05 - Prison Reform (27 February 2001)
*S02 E06 - Gayle Shand (6 March 2001)

'''Series 3'''
*S03 E01 - Poking the PM (1 January 2002)
*S03 E02 - Health Service (8 January 2002)
*S03 E03 - Big Brother (15 January 2002)
*S03 E04 - A Tennis Star (22 January 2002)
*S03 E05 - Men (29 January 2002)

'''Series 4'''
*S04 E01 - The BBC (5 February 2004)
*S04 E02 - The Notion of Nation (12 February 2004)
*S04 E03 - Healthy Eating (19 February 2004)
*S04 E04 - US Presidential Campaign (26 February 2004)

'''Special Episode''' - (3 November 2006)

===The Television Series===
'''Series One'''
*S01 E01 - History Man (10 November 2003)
*S01 E02 - Pope Idol (17 November 2003)
*S01 E03 - Tory Woman (24 November 2003)
*S01 E04 - Mr Fox (1 December 2003)
*S01 E05 - Country Life (8 December 2003)
*S01 E06 - Crash and Burn (15 December 2003)

'''Series Two'''
*S02 E04 - Identity Crisis (21 July 2005) (brought forward from 11 August)
*S02 E02 - The Trial (28 July 2005)
*S02 E03 - Blood Bank (4 August 2005)
*S02 E01 - The Nation's Favourite (11 August 2005) (held back from 21 July)
*S02 E05 - Spinning America (18 August 2005)
*S02 E06 - The House of Lords (25 August 2005)

==Critical reception - Television series==
*<blockquote>{{cquote|Transferring a radio series to television can be risky [...] Absolute Power, however, succeeds where previous comedies have failed, and looks set to do for PR what [[Drop The Dead Donkey]] did for the newsroom. A good cast helps.}}</blockquote> - ''[[The Independent]]'', 8 November 2003<ref>http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20031108/ai_n12727207</ref>.
*<blockquote>{{cquote|fitfully amusing comedy}}</blockquote> - Stuart Price in the ''[[Independent on Sunday]]'', 9 November 2003<ref>http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4159/is_20031109/ai_n12749778</ref>.
*<blockquote>{{cquote|The script presses the right buttons relentlessly. The names that are invoked contribute artfully to the atmosphere of heightened unreality. The idea of Mark Thatcher is tossed about in this corner, while the notion of Dennis Waterman is examined in another [...] I suppose it is a credit to all involved in the programme that I didn't like it at all. Although the characters are clearly exaggerations and grotesques, I felt they were probably close enough to the truth to be convincing. Form and content were perfectly matched. Like [[Trevor's World of Sport]], of which this is clearly a superior relation, it is impossible to like any of the characters. [...] It delivers a stringently corrective dose of satire. It is quite appallingly knowing, and deliberately so.}}</blockquote> - Pete Clark in the ''[[London Evening Standard]]'', 11 November 2003<ref>http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4153/is_20031111/ai_n12066611</ref>.
*<blockquote>{{cquote|effortlessly witty comedy}}</blockquote> - Terry Ramsay in the ''[[London Evening Standard]]'', 11 August 2005<ref>http://www.findarticles.com/p/search?qt=%22absolute+power%22+%22stephen+fry%22+bird&tb=art&qf=free</ref>.
*<blockquote>{{cquote|deliciously witty and sharp series, up there with [[Extras (sitcom)|Extras]] as one of the best comedies of the moment (or, indeed, any moment).}}</blockquote> - Terry Ramsay in the ''[[London Evening Standard]]'', 21 July 2005

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{bbc.co.uk|comedy/absolutepower|''Absolute Power''}}
*[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/a/absolutepower_999031110.shtml ''Absolute Power'' at the BBC Comedy Guide] (Wayback Machine)
*{{British Comedy Guide|tv|absolute_power|Absolute Power}}
*{{IMDb title|0386149|Absolute Power}}

{{Stephen Fry}}

[[Category:BBC television sitcoms]]
[[Category:BBC radio comedy programmes]]
[[Category:Political television series]]
[[Category:Television shows set in London]]
[[Category:2000s British television series]]
[[Category:2000 radio programme debuts]]
[[Category:2003 in British television]]
[[Category:2003 British television programme debuts]]
[[Category:2005 British television programme endings]]

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[[sv:Absolute Power]]

Morten Andersen

2011-07-05T14:56:28Z

Boxplot: /* NFL records */

{{About|the American football kicker|other people with the same name|Morten Andersen (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox NFLactive
|image=
|position=[[Placekicker|Kicker]]
|number=5, 6, 7, 8
|birthdate={{birth date and age|1960|8|19}}
|birthplace=Copenhagen, Denmark
|deathdate=
|deathplace=
|heightft=6
|heightin=2
|weight=225
|debutyear=1982
|debutteam=New Orleans Saints
|finalyear=2007
|finalteam=Atlanta Falcons
|college=[[Michigan State University|Michigan State]]
|draftyear=1982
|draftround=4
|draftpick=86
|teams=<nowiki></nowiki>
* [[New Orleans Saints]] ({{NFL Year|1982}}-{{NFL Year|1994}})
* [[Atlanta Falcons]] ({{NFL Year|1995}}-{{NFL Year|2000}})
* [[New York Giants]] ({{NFL Year|2001}})
* [[Kansas City Chiefs]] ({{NFL Year|2002}}-{{NFL Year|2003}})
* [[Minnesota Vikings]] ({{NFL Year|2004}})
* [[Atlanta Falcons]] ({{NFL Year|2006}}-{{NFL Year|2007}})
|highlights=<nowiki></nowiki>
* 7× [[Pro Bowl]] selection ([[1986 Pro Bowl|'1985]], [[1987 Pro Bowl|'1986]], [[1988 Pro Bowl|'1987]], [[1989 Pro Bowl|'1988]], [[1991 Pro Bowl|'1990]], [[1993 Pro Bowl|'1992]], [[1996 Pro Bowl|'1995]])
* 6× [[All-Pro]] selection ([[1985 All-Pro Team|1985]], [[1986 All-Pro Team|1986]], [[1987 All-Pro Team|1987]], [[1988 All-Pro Team|1988]], [[1992 All-Pro Team|1992]], [[1995 All-Pro Team|1995]])
* 2× [[Pro Football Writers Association|PFWA's Golden Toe Award]] (1986, 1995)
* [[Super Bowl]] Appearance (1998)
* [[National Football League 1980s All-Decade Team|NFL's 1980s All-Decade Team]]
* [[National Football League 1990s All-Decade Team|NFL's 1990s All-Decade Team]]
* [[#NFL records|Multiple NFL records]]
* [[New Orleans Saints|New Orleans Saints Hall of Fame]]
|statseason=end of career
|statlabel1=[[Field goal (football)|Field goals]]
|statvalue1=565/709 (.797)
|statlabel2=[[Extra point]]s
|statvalue2=849/859 (.988)
|statlabel3=Points
|statvalue3=2,544
|nfl=AND020258
}}
'''Morten Andersen''' (born August 19, 1960 in [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]), nicknamed '''"The Great Dane"''', is a former [[National Football League]] [[placekicker|kicker]]. He holds the distinction of being the all-time leading scorer in NFL history, as well as being the all-time leading scorer for two different teams; the [[New Orleans Saints]], with whom he spent 13 seasons, and the [[Atlanta Falcons]], with whom he spent a combined eight seasons.

He officially retired December 8, 2008, after not having played all season.<ref name="retired">{{cite web|title=Andersen, 48, hangs up cleats as all-time top scorer |work=espn.com |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=3753844 |accessdate=2008-12-08}}</ref>

==Early life==
Andersen was born in [[Copenhagen]] and raised in the west [[Jutland]] town of [[Struer, Denmark]].<ref name="born">{{cite web|title=Morten Andersen #7 |work=nflplayers.com |url=http://www.nflplayers.com/players/player.aspx?id=164 |accessdate=2006-12-09}}</ref> As a student, he was a gymnast and a [[long jump]]er, and barely missed becoming a member of the Danish junior national [[football (soccer)|soccer]] team. He visited the [[United States]] in 1977 as a [[Youth For Understanding]] exchange student. He first kicked an [[American football]] on a whim at [[Ben Davis High School]] in [[Indianapolis]]. He was so impressive in his one season of high school football that he was given a scholarship to [[Michigan State University]].

Andersen, with his left leg as his dominant kicking leg, starred at Michigan State, setting several records, including a [[Big Ten Conference]] record 63-yard field goal against [[Ohio State University]]. He was named an [[All American]] in 1981. His success landed him the kicking job with the [[New Orleans Saints]].

==NFL career==
Andersen's NFL career got off to a rocky start. On his first NFL kickoff to start the strike-shortened 1982 season, Andersen twisted his ankle and missed eight weeks of the season.<ref name="DrZ">{{cite news|last = Zimmerman| first = Paul|title = Just For Kicks|work = Sports Illustrated |date = October 16, 2003| url = http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2003/writers/dr_z/10/15/insider/index.html|accessdate = 2006-12-17}}</ref> Despite the early setback, he soon emerged as one of the strongest and most reliable placekickers in the NFL. In his years with the Saints, he was named to six [[Pro Bowl]]s, kicked 302 [[Field goal (football)|field goal]]s, and scored 1318 points. In 1991, against [[Chicago Bears|Chicago]], Andersen kicked a 60-yard field goal, tying him with [[Steve Cox (football)|Steve Cox]] for the second-longest field goal in league history at the time, behind the 63-yard record-holder kicked by [[Tom Dempsey]]. (Andersen's kick has since been matched by [[Rob Bironas]] and surpassed by [[Sebastian Janikowski]], [[Jason Elam]] and [[Matt Bryant]].) Andersen's proficiency with field goal kicking earned him the nickname "Mr. Automatic." Following the 1994 season, he was released by the Saints for salary cap purposes and because his accuracy had started to decline.

Following his release by the Saints, Andersen signed with the [[Atlanta Falcons]]. He silenced those who felt him to be washed up and was once again named a Pro Bowler during his time in Atlanta. In December 1995 against the Saints, he became the first player in NFL history to kick three field goals of over 50 yards in a single game.

In Week 17 of the 1996 season, Andersen missed a 30-yard field goal that enabled the [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] to make the playoffs.<ref name="Sports">{{cite news|last = AP| first = |title = Andersen's Miss Puts Jaguars in Postseason|work = Chicago Sun Times|date = December 23, 1996| url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4356188.html|accessdate = 2007-11-05}}</ref> Two years later, he kicked a game-winning field goal in overtime in the 1998 [[NFC Championship Game]] to beat the [[Minnesota Vikings]] and send the Falcons to its first-ever [[Super Bowl]] appearance.

There are a number of interesting coincidences between Andersen and former NFL placekicker [[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]]. Anderson and Andersen have nearly identical last names, were born within a year of one another outside the United States (Anderson was born in South Africa), came to the United States as teenagers, had long and successful NFL careers throughout the 1980s and 1990s, and hold first or second place in a number of NFL records for scoring, field goals, and longevity. Their overall accuracy is also nearly identical; their career percentage being within .5 % of each other on both FGs and PATs. Also, Anderson missed a field goal in the 1998 NFC Championship Game for the [[Minnesota Vikings]] before Andersen kicked his winning kick, both from the same distance as well.

Andersen went on to play with the [[New York Giants]] for the 2001 season, followed by the [[Kansas City Chiefs]] the following two seasons. In the 2004 offseason, Andersen was beaten out for the kicking job by rookie [[Lawrence Tynes]]. He was released by the Chiefs for the final roster cut, and was subsequently signed by the Vikings. Although his leg strength had declined greatly with age, he continued to prove himself accurate for field goals. Having not been signed by a team following the 2004 season, he became a free agent and did not play in 2005. He announced [[NFL Europe]] games in the 2005 season.

In January 2006, Andersen was inducted as the first member of the [[Danish American Football Federation]] [[Hall of Fame]]. Later that year, Andersen returned to the NFL, re-signing with the [[Atlanta Falcons]]; Andersen was brought in to help [[Michael Koenen]], who was at the time performing double duty as punter and kicker (an extremely rare occurrence in the NFL) missing several field goals in that capacity, and Koenen reverted to strictly punting after Andersen's signing. His first game back was against his former team, the Saints, on [[Monday Night Football]]. The game was the first game in the [[Louisiana Superdome]] since [[Hurricane Katrina]] prevented its use for the entire 2005 regular season. Andersen scored the first Falcon points with a 26-yard field goal in the first quarter. In his second game back, Andersen made 5 of 5 field goals (matching his career best for the ninth time), as well as both extra point attempts.<ref name=coverwire>{{cite web|url=http://www.coverwire.com/football/score_recap.htm?logged=&gm=ATLANTAARIZONA10012006|title=Sportsticker NFL Recap (Arizona-Atlanta)|publisher=CoverWire.com|accessdate=2007-11-07}}</ref> He was named NFC special teams player of the week, becoming the oldest player to earn the honor since the award was first introduced in 1984.<ref>[http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9704917 Ageless K Andersen earns NFC honors], ''[[NFL]]'', October 4, 2006</ref> He is also the team record holder for both the New Orleans Saints<ref>[http://www.neworleanssaints.com/custompage.cfm?pageid=207 Scoring] at ''[[New Orleans Saints]]''</ref> and the Atlanta Falcons for overall points scored.

On December 16, 2006, Andersen passed [[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]] to become the all-time leading scorer in NFL history. The following weekend, December 24, 2006 Andersen again passed Anderson to become the NFL's career leader in field goals made.

On September 17, 2007, he again signed with the Falcons in an attempt to secure their unreliable kicking game. By the end of the regular season he had made 25 of 28 field goals (89.3%), the most accurate season of his career.

In the 2008 season, Morten Andersen did not get a contract with any team, but waited until December 8 to officially retire.<ref name="retired"/><ref>[http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d80d26a6d&template=without-video&confirm=true Andersen, NFL's all-time top scorer, retires]</ref> If Morten Andersen had played on or after December 6, he would have been the oldest NFL player to play, breaking [[George Blanda|George Blanda's]] record.<ref>.[http://life.atlantafalcons.com/index.php?autocom=blog&blogid=4&showentry=680 Thanks for the Memories, Mort!] FalconsLife Posted by J. Michael Moore .</ref><ref>.[http://www.profootballhof.com/history/stats/40_and_over_club.aspx] History. Players Who've Played in NFL at Age 40 or Older.</ref>

On November 6, 2009, Morten Andersen was inducted into the New Orleans Saints Hall of Fame.<ref name="TP20091106">Brian Allee-Walsh, [http://www.nola.com/saints/index.ssf/2009/11/ex-saints_coach_jim_mora_says.html "Ex-Saints coach Jim Mora says Morten Andersen a shoo-in for Canton, Ohio"], ''[[Times-Picayune]]'', November 6, 2009.</ref>

==Career regular season statistics==
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="margin: auto; text-align:right; font-size:90%; width:800px;"
|-
!style="background-color:#dcdcdc;" colspan="17" | Regular season statistics
|- style="font-size:x-small;"
!Season||Team (record)||{{abbr|G|Games}}||{{abbr|FGM|Field goals made}}||{{abbr|FGA|Field goals attempted}}||{{abbr|%|Field goal success percentage}}||{{abbr|<20|Field goals under 20 yards}}||{{abbr|20-29|Field goals between 20 and 29 yards}}||{{abbr|30-39|Field goals between 30 and 39 yards}}||{{abbr|40-49|Field goals between 40 and 49 yards}}||{{abbr|50+|Field goals 50 yards or over}}||{{abbr|LNG|Longest successful field goal}}||{{abbr|BLK|Field goal attempts blocked}}||{{abbr|XPM|Extra points made}}||{{abbr|XPA|Extra points attempted}}||{{abbr|%|Extra point success percentage}}||{{abbr|PTS|Points}}
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1982 NFL season|1982]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1982 New Orleans Saints season|4-5]])
|8 ||2 || 5 ||40.0 ||0-0 ||0-0 ||1-1 ||1-3 ||0-1 ||45 ||0 ||6 ||6 ||100.0 ||12
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1983 NFL season|1983]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1983 New Orleans Saints season|8-8]])
|16 ||18 ||24 ||75.0 ||2-2 ||8-8 ||3-4 ||2-6 ||3-4 ||52 ||1 ||37 ||38 ||97.4 ||91
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1984 NFL season|1984]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1984 New Orleans Saints season|7-9]])
|16 ||20 ||27 ||74.1 ||0-0 ||9-9 ||4-4 ||5-11 ||2-3 ||53 ||1 ||34 ||34 ||100.0 ||94
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1985 NFL season|1985]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1985 New Orleans Saints season|5-11]])
|16 ||31 ||35 ||88.6 ||0-0 ||4-5 ||13-14 ||11-12 ||3-4 ||55 ||1 ||27 ||29 ||93.1 ||108
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1986 NFL season|1986]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1986 New Orleans Saints season|7-9]])
|16 ||26 ||30 ||86.7 ||1-1 ||11-11 ||6-7 ||6-6 ||2-5 ||53 ||0 ||30 ||30 ||100.0 ||120
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1987 NFL season|1987]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1987 New Orleans Saints season|12-3]])
|12 ||28 ||36 ||77.8 ||3-3 ||6-6 ||9-9 ||8-12 ||2-6 ||52 ||0 ||37 ||37 ||100.0 ||121
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1988 NFL season|1988]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1988 New Orleans Saints season|10-6]])
|16 ||26 ||36 ||72.2 ||1-1 ||11-12 ||8-11 ||5-8 ||1-4 ||51 ||1 ||32 ||33 ||97.0 ||110
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1989 NFL season|1989]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1989 New Orleans Saints season|9-7]])
|16 ||20 ||29 ||69.0 ||0-0 ||7-8 ||10-11 ||3-6 ||0-4 ||49 ||1 ||44 ||45 ||97.8 ||104
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1990 NFL season|1990]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1990 New Orleans Saints season|8-8]])
|16 ||21 ||27 ||77.8 ||0-0 ||5-5 ||5-6 ||8-12 ||3-4 ||52 ||1 ||29 ||29 ||100.0 ||92
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1991 NFL season|1991]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1991 New Orleans Saints season|11-5]])
|16 ||25 ||32 ||78.1 ||0-0 ||6-6 ||11-13 ||6-9 ||2-4 ||60 ||0 ||38 ||38 ||100.0 ||113
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1992 NFL season|1992]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1992 New Orleans Saints season|12-4]])
|16 ||29 ||34 ||85.3 ||0-0 ||10-10 ||8-10 ||8-11 ||3-3 ||52 ||0 ||33 ||34 ||97.1 ||120
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1993 NFL season|1993]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1993 New Orleans Saints season|8-8]])
|16 ||28 ||35 ||80.0 ||2-2 ||7-7 ||7-7 ||11-14 ||1-5 ||56 ||0 ||33 ||33 ||100.0 ||117
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1994 NFL season|1994]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New Orleans Saints]] ([[1994 New Orleans Saints season|7-9]])
|16 ||28 ||39 ||71.8 ||0-0 ||9-9 ||11-14 ||8-10 ||0-6 ||48 ||3 ||32 ||32 ||100.0 ||116
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1995 NFL season|1995]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[1995 Atlanta Falcons season|9-7]])
|16 ||31 ||37 ||83.8 ||1-1 ||8-8 ||11-11 ||3-8 ||8-9 ||59 ||2 ||29 ||30 ||96.7 ||122
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1996 NFL season|1996]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[1996 Atlanta Falcons season|3-13]])
|16 ||22 ||29 ||75.9 ||0-0 ||5-5 ||9-11 ||7-8 ||1-5 ||54 ||1 ||31 ||31 ||100.0 ||97
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1997 NFL season|1997]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[1997 Atlanta Falcons season|7-9]])
|16 ||23 ||27 ||85.2 ||1-1 ||10-10 ||7-7 ||3-6 ||2-3 ||55 ||0 ||35 ||35 ||100.0 ||104
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1998 NFL season|1998]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[1998 Atlanta Falcons season|14-2]])
|16 ||23 ||28 ||82.1 ||0-1 ||8-9 ||7-7 ||6-9 ||2-2 ||53 ||2 ||51 ||52 ||98.1 ||120
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[1999 NFL season|1999]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[1999 Atlanta Falcons season|5-11]])
|16 ||15 ||21 ||71.4 ||1-1 ||5-5 ||5-8 ||4-6 ||0-1 ||49 ||1 ||34 ||34 ||100.0 ||79
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2000 NFL season|2000]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[2000 Atlanta Falcons season|4-12]])
|16 ||25 ||31 ||80.6 ||0-0 ||6-6 ||6-7 ||11-15 ||2-3 ||51 ||0 ||23 ||23 ||100.0 ||98
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2001 NFL season|2001]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[New York Giants]] ([[2001 New York Giants season|7-9]])
|16 ||23 ||28 ||82.1 ||0-0 ||8-8 ||7-8 ||6-7 ||2-5 ||51 ||0 ||29 ||30 ||96.7 ||98
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2002 NFL season|2002]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Kansas City Chiefs]] ([[2002 Kansas City Chiefs season|8-8]])
|14 ||22 ||26 ||84.8 ||0-0 ||6-6 ||10-10 ||5-9 ||1-1 ||50 ||0 ||51 ||51 ||100.0 ||117
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2003 NFL season|2003]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Kansas City Chiefs]] ([[2003 Kansas City Chiefs season|13-3]])
|16 ||16 ||20 ||80.0 ||0-0 ||3-3 ||8-8 ||5-8 ||0-1 ||49 ||1 ||58 ||59 ||98.3 ||106
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2004 NFL season|2004]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Minnesota Vikings]] ([[2004 Minnesota Vikings season|8-8]])
|16 ||18 ||22 ||81.8 ||1-1 ||8-8 ||5-7 ||4-6 ||0-0 ||48 ||0 ||45 ||45 ||100.0 ||99
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2006 NFL season|2006]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[2006 Atlanta Falcons season|7-9]])
| 14 ||20 ||23 ||87.0 ||0-0 ||7-8 ||6-6 ||7-8 ||0-1 ||45 ||1 ||27 ||27 ||100.0 ||87
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|[[2007 NFL season|2007]] ||style="text-align:left;" nowrap="nowrap"|[[Atlanta Falcons]] ([[2007 Atlanta Falcons season|4-12]])
| 14 ||25 ||28 ||89.3 ||0-0 ||9-9 ||12-12 ||4-7 ||0-0 ||47 ||1 ||24 ||24 ||100.0 ||99
|-
!colspan="2"|Career (25 seasons) ||382 ||565 ||709 ||79.7 ||13-14 ||176-181 ||189-213 ||147-217 ||40-84 ||60 ||18 ||849 ||859 ||98.8 ||2544
|}

==NFL records==
At the end of his career Andersen held the following NFL records (As of 2009):
* Most games played (career) - 382<ref>{{cite web|title=NFL Career Games Leaders|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/g_career.htm|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* [[Most consecutive starts (NFL)|Most consecutive games played by a placekicker - 248]]
* Most field goals attempted (career) - 709<ref>{{cite web|title=NFL Career Field Goal Attempts Leaders|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/fga_career.htm|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most field goals (career) - 565<ref>{{cite web|title=NFL Career Total Field Goals Made Leaders|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/fgm_career.htm|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most points (career) - 2,544<ref>{{cite web|title=NFL Career Points Scored Leaders|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/scoring_career.htm|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most seasons, 75 or more points (career) - 24<ref>{{cite web|title=For single seasons, from 1920 to 2010, requiring Points Scored >= 75, sorted by most seasons matching criteria.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=total&year_min=1920&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&draft_round_min=0&draft_round_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&is_active=&is_hof=&pos_is_qb=Y&pos_is_rb=Y&pos_is_wr=Y&pos_is_te=Y&pos_is_rec=Y&pos_is_t=Y&pos_is_g=Y&pos_is_c=Y&pos_is_ol=Y&pos_is_dt=Y&pos_is_de=Y&pos_is_dl=Y&pos_is_ilb=Y&pos_is_olb=Y&pos_is_lb=Y&pos_is_cb=Y&pos_is_s=Y&pos_is_db=Y&pos_is_k=Y&pos_is_p=Y&c1stat=scoring&c1comp=gt&c1val=75&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most consecutive seasons, 75 or more points (career) - 23
* Most seasons, 90 or more points (career) - 22<ref>{{cite web|title=For single seasons, from 1920 to 2010, requiring Points Scored >= 90, sorted by most seasons matching criteria.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=total&year_min=1920&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&draft_round_min=0&draft_round_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&is_active=&is_hof=&pos_is_qb=Y&pos_is_rb=Y&pos_is_wr=Y&pos_is_te=Y&pos_is_rec=Y&pos_is_t=Y&pos_is_g=Y&pos_is_c=Y&pos_is_ol=Y&pos_is_dt=Y&pos_is_de=Y&pos_is_dl=Y&pos_is_ilb=Y&pos_is_olb=Y&pos_is_lb=Y&pos_is_cb=Y&pos_is_s=Y&pos_is_db=Y&pos_is_k=Y&pos_is_p=Y&c1stat=scoring&c1comp=gt&c1val=90&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most seasons, 98 or more points (career) - 18<ref>{{cite web|title=For single seasons, from 1920 to 2010, requiring Points Scored >= 98, sorted by most seasons matching criteria.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=total&year_min=1920&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&draft_round_min=0&draft_round_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&is_active=&is_hof=&pos_is_qb=Y&pos_is_rb=Y&pos_is_wr=Y&pos_is_te=Y&pos_is_rec=Y&pos_is_t=Y&pos_is_g=Y&pos_is_c=Y&pos_is_ol=Y&pos_is_dt=Y&pos_is_de=Y&pos_is_dl=Y&pos_is_ilb=Y&pos_is_olb=Y&pos_is_lb=Y&pos_is_cb=Y&pos_is_s=Y&pos_is_db=Y&pos_is_k=Y&pos_is_p=Y&c1stat=scoring&c1comp=gt&c1val=98&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td|work=pro-football-reference.com|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most game winning field goals (career) - 103
* Games with 1+ field goals (career) - 299<ref>{{cite web|title=In multiple seasons, from 1960 to 2010, in the regular season, requiring Total Field Goals Made >= 1, sorted by most games matching criteria.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=career&year_min=1960&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&opp_id=&game_type=R&game_num_min=0&game_num_max=99&week_num_min=0&week_num_max=99&game_day_of_week=&game_location=&game_result=&is_active=&is_hof=&c1stat=fgm&c1comp=gt&c1val=1&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Games with 2+ field goals (career) - 178<ref>{{cite web|title=In multiple seasons, from 1960 to 2010, in the regular season, requiring Total Field Goals Made >= 2, sorted by most games matching criteria.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=career&year_min=1960&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&opp_id=&game_type=R&game_num_min=0&game_num_max=99&week_num_min=0&week_num_max=99&game_day_of_week=&game_location=&game_result=&is_active=&is_hof=&c1stat=fgm&c1comp=gt&c1val=2&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Oldest player to score 14 points in a game - 47 years, 133 days (for Atlanta Falcons vs. Seattle Seahawks, December 30, 2007)<ref>{{cite web|title=In a single game, from 1960 to 2010, in the regular season, requiring Points Scored >= 14, sorted by descending Age.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=game&year_min=1960&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&opp_id=&game_type=R&game_num_min=0&game_num_max=99&week_num_min=0&week_num_max=99&game_day_of_week=&game_location=&game_result=&is_active=&is_hof=&c1stat=scoring&c1comp=gt&c1val=14&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=age|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Oldest player to kick 4 field goals in a game - 47 years, 42 days (for Atlanta Falcons vs. Houston Texans, September 30, 2007)<ref>{{cite web|title=In a single game, from 1960 to 2010, in the regular season, requiring Total Field Goals Made >= 4, sorted by descending Age.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=game&year_min=1960&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&opp_id=&game_type=R&game_num_min=0&game_num_max=99&week_num_min=0&week_num_max=99&game_day_of_week=&game_location=&game_result=&is_active=&is_hof=&c1stat=fgm&c1comp=gt&c1val=4&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=age|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Oldest player to kick 5 field goals in a game - 46 years, 43 days<ref>{{cite web|title=In a single game, from 1960 to 2010, in the regular season, requiring Total Field Goals Made >= 5, sorted by descending Age.|url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/pgl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=game&year_min=1960&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&opp_id=&game_type=R&game_num_min=0&game_num_max=99&week_num_min=0&week_num_max=99&game_day_of_week=&game_location=&game_result=&is_active=&is_hof=&c1stat=fgm&c1comp=gt&c1val=5&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=age|accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most field goals attempted of 50 or more yards (total) - 84
* Most field goals (50 or more yards) in a season - 8 (tied with [[Jason Hanson]])
* Most field goals (50 or more yards) in a game - 3 (vs. New Orleans, December 10, 1995) (tied with [[Neil Rackers]], [[Connor Barth]], and [[Kris Brown]])
* Most consecutive games scoring (career) - 360
* Most games scoring (career) - 379
* Most consecutive seasons scoring (career) - 23 - tied with [[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]]
* Most consecutive calendar years scoring (career) - 26

Team Scoring Records:

* New Orleans Saints- 1,318 points
* Atlanta Falcons - 806 points
(Only player to hold major statistical franchise record for two NFL teams)

* New Orleans Saints - FGs made/attempted: 302/389
* Atlanta Falcons - FGs made/attempted: 184/224
* New Orleans Saints - PATs made/attempted: 412/418
* Atlanta Falcons - PATs made/attempted: 254/256

Pro Bowl records:

* Most points in [[Pro Bowl]] (total) - 45 (15 points after touchdown, 10 field goals)
* Most points after touchdown in [[Pro Bowl]] (total) - 15
* Most field goal attempts in [[Pro Bowl]] (total) - 18
* Most field goals in [[Pro Bowl]] (total) - 10

Andersen holds 2nd place in the following NFL records:

* Most PATs attempted (career) - 859 (1st place: [[George Blanda]], 959)
* Most PATs made (career) - 849 (1st place: George Blanda, 943)
* Most field goals (50 or more yards) in a career - 40 (1st place: Jason Hanson, 42)
* Most seasons - 25 (1st place: George Blanda, 26)
* Most seasons, 100 or more points - 14 (1st place: [[Jason Elam]], 16)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/play-index/psl_finder.cgi?request=1&match=total&year_min=1920&year_max=2010&season_start=1&season_end=-1&age_min=0&age_max=99&draft_round_min=0&draft_round_max=99&league_id=&team_id=&is_active=&is_hof=&pos_is_qb=Y&pos_is_rb=Y&pos_is_wr=Y&pos_is_te=Y&pos_is_rec=Y&pos_is_t=Y&pos_is_g=Y&pos_is_c=Y&pos_is_ol=Y&pos_is_dt=Y&pos_is_de=Y&pos_is_dl=Y&pos_is_ilb=Y&pos_is_olb=Y&pos_is_lb=Y&pos_is_cb=Y&pos_is_s=Y&pos_is_db=Y&pos_is_k=Y&pos_is_p=Y&c1stat=scoring&c1comp=gt&c1val=100&c2stat=&c2comp=gt&c2val=&c3stat=&c3comp=gt&c3val=&c4stat=&c4comp=gt&c4val=&order_by=pass_td |title=For single seasons, from 1920 to 2010, requiring Points Scored >= 100, sorted by most seasons matching criteria |work=pro-football-reference.com |accessdate=26 September 2010}}</ref>
* Most games with 5 or more field goals (career) - 9 (John Carney, 11)

Andersen had stated that his goal was to be the first NFL player to play until he turns 50 in 2010.<ref>Bob Harris, [http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/fantasy/football/news/2003/08/07/back_page/ 2003 Camp Battles: Kickers lace 'em up], ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'', August 7, 2003</ref> However he retired December 8, 2008 – just two days after he would have become the oldest person ever to play in an NFL game, if he had gotten a contract. The record held by [[George Blanda]] still stands – Blanda played in his last NFL game on January 4, 1976 (the [[NFL playoffs, 1975-76#AFC: Pittsburgh Steelers 16, Oakland Raiders 10|1975 AFC Championship]]) at the age of {{age in years and days|1927|9|17|1976|1|4}}.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.MortenAndersen.com MortenAndersen.com] Morten's Official Website
*{{espn nfl|id=118|name=Morten Andersen}}
*[http://minnesotascore.com/articles/dane.html Minnesota Score story on Andersen]
*[http://www.sportsnetwork.com/default.asp?c=sportsnetwork&page=/nfl/stat/NFL-ALLTIME-LEADERS.htm NFL All-Time Statistical Leaders] from The Sports Network
* [http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/A/andermor01.htm Morten Andersen's statistics on pro-football-reference.com]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]] (2,434)|
title=Career NFL points record holder (2,544)|
years=2006–present |
after=Current record holder
}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]] (538)|
title=Career NFL Field Goals made (565)|
years=2006–present |
after=Current record holder
}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]] (672)|
title=Career NFL Field Goal Attempts (709)|
years=2006–present |
after=Current record holder
}}
{{s-end}}
{{NFL1980s}}
{{NFL1990s}}
{{Senior Bowl All-Time Team}}{{Walter Camp Man of the Year}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Andersen, Morten
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1960-08-19
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Copenhagen, Denmark
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Andersen, Morten}}
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American football placekickers]]
[[Category:American people of Danish descent]]
[[Category:Atlanta Falcons players]]
[[Category:Danish players of American football]]
[[Category:Kansas City Chiefs players]]
[[Category:Michigan State Spartans football players]]
[[Category:Minnesota Vikings players]]
[[Category:New Orleans Saints players]]
[[Category:New York Giants players]]
[[Category:National Conference Pro Bowl players]]
[[Category:People from Copenhagen]]
[[Category:People from Indianapolis, Indiana]]

[[da:Morten Andersen (amerikansk fodbold-spiller)]]
[[de:Morten Andersen]]
[[fr:Morten Andersen]]
[[ja:モーテン・アンダーセン]]

2010 Men's World Floorball Championships qualifying

2011-07-05T14:55:20Z

Boxplot: /* External links */

{{about|the Qualifying Rounds for the 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships|the Finals of this event|2010 Men's World Floorball Championships}}
{{refimprove|date=August 2009}}

The '''2010 Men's World Floorball Championships Qualifying Rounds''' were the first such qualifiers for world championships in men's [[floorball]]. Four separate qualifying tournaments were played, with [[Europe]]an qualifications between the dates of February 3 to February 6, 2010 in the cities of [[Babimost]] and [[Zbąszyń]] in [[Poland]], as well as in the city of [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]] in [[Spain]].

The [[2010 Men's Asia Pacific Floorball Championships]] served as the qualifying tournament for countries in the Asian/Oceanian region. The tournament was overseen by the [[Asia Oceania Floorball Confederation]] (AOFC), and was played in [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]. It was played between February 3 to February 7, 2010.

North American qualification matches between [[Canada men's national floorball team|Canada]] and the [[United States men's national floorball team|United States]] were played in [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]] from February 5 to February 6, 2010.

These were the first world championships under the IFF's new [[FIFA]]-like continental qualification system. A total of 32 countries registered for this event, which is the most nations to ever register for an IFF-sanctioned world championship event. The previous record was 29 for the [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships]].

==Qualification Process==
Under the IFF's new qualification system, the 32 countries registered for the world championships needed to qualify for only 16 spots. 8 of these spots were already pre-determined, with the top 7 teams from the [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|2008 Men's World Floorball Championships A-Division]] and the top team from the [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|B-Division]] automatically qualifying. This left just 8 spots for the other 24 registered countries <ref>[http://windows3.salibandy.net/Liitetiedostot/CB2007_3_Appex%2014a%20WFC%20new%20system.pdf], WFC new system</ref>.

Depending on the number of countries registered per continental region, that many slots were given at the world championships.

The countries already qualified are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| width="25%"| {{fl|CZE}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|FIN}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|GER}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|LAT}}
|-
| {{fl|NOR}}
| {{fl|RUS}}
| {{fl|SWE}}
| {{fl|SUI}}
|}

===Asian & Oceanian Process===
{{main|2010 Men's Asia Pacific Floorball Championships}}
Qualifying in the Asia/Oceanian region for the world championships was overseen by the [[Asia Oceania Floorball Confederation]] (AOFC).

Only 3 out of 5 registered AOFC countries will qualify. The 5 countries are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|-
| {{fl|AUS}}              
| {{fl|SGP}}           
|-
| {{fl|JPN}}
| {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]
|-
| {{fl|Malaysia}}
|}

===European Process===
Only 4 out of 16 countries registered in [[Europe]] qualified. The 16 countries are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| width="25%"| {{fl|AUT}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|BEL}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|DEN}}
| width="25%"| {{fl|EST}}
|-
| {{fl|FRA}}
| {{fl|GEO}}
| {{fl|GBR}}
| {{fl|HUN}}
|-
| {{fl|ITA}}
| {{fl|LIE}}
| {{fl|NED}}
| {{fl|POL}}
|-
| {{fl|SER}}
| {{fl|SVK}}
| {{fl|SLO}}
| {{fl|ESP}}
|}

===North American Process===
Only 1 out of 2 countries registered in [[North America]] qualified. The 2 countries are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| width="50%"| {{fl|CAN}}
| width="50%"| {{fl|USA}}
|}

==Groups==
Ballots for the groups in this event were drawn on May 9, 2009 during one of the semi-final matches of the [[2009 Men's under-19 World Floorball Championships]] in [[Turku]], [[Finland]] <ref>[http://windows3.salibandy.net/news.asp?tyyppi=vanhat&offset=40&kieli=826&id_tiedote=1039&alue=171&yhteinen=], [[International Floorball Federation|IFF]] - 2010 World Floorball Championships Groups</ref>.

In the way the ballots were drawn, no team qualifying from the AOFC will play against each other in group stage matches, and no team qualifying from Europe will either.

The groups will be assembled based on qualifying as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=25%|Group A
!width=25%|Group B
!width=25%|Group C
!width=25%|Group D
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|-
| {{fl|FIN}}
| {{fl|LAT}}
| {{fl|GER}}
| {{fl|CZE}}
|-
| {{fl|RUS}}
| {{fl|SUI}}
| {{fl|SWE}}
| {{fl|NOR}}
|-
| North America
| AOFC 1
| AOFC 3
| AOFC 2
|-
| West Europe 1
| West Europe 2
| East Europe 2
| East Europe 1
|}

===Final Groups===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=25%|Group A
!width=25%|Group B
!width=25%|Group C
!width=25%|Group D
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|-
| {{fl|FIN}}
| {{fl|LAT}}
| {{fl|GER}}
| {{fl|CZE}}
|-
| {{fl|RUS}}
| {{fl|SUI}}
| {{fl|SWE}}
| {{fl|NOR}}
|-
| {{fl|CAN}}
| AOFC 1
| AOFC 3
| AOFC 2
|-
| {{fl|DEN}}
| {{fl|POL}}
| {{fl|EST}}
| {{fl|ITA}}
|}

==Withdrawals==
===India===
[[Men's national floorball team of India|India]] withdrew from world championships due to financial difficulties on January 21, almost 2 weeks before the tournament began. In turn, the AOFC and IFF were forced to make changes to the schedule to accompany the other teams.<ref>[http://www.floorball.org/news.asp?kieli=826&id_tiedote=1320&alue=171], India has withdrawn from the Men's WFC Qualification</ref>

===Georgia===
Although [[Men's national floorball team of Georgia|Georgia]] never withdrew from the world championships, they were not able to show up to their first match against [[Men's national floorball team of Slovakia|Slovakia]], resulting in an automatic [[walkover]] win of 5:0. This was due to flight problems caused by inclement weather.<ref>[http://www.floorball.org/news.asp?tyyppi=&offset=10&kieli=826&id_tiedote=1339&alue=171&yhteinen=], Full house of spectators witnessed Spanish victory</ref>

==Tiebreaking Criteria==
For the three game group stage of this tournament, where two or more teams in a group tied on an equal number of points, the finishing positions are determined by the record of the tied teams in the games they played against each other in the first instance, then the goals scored and goal difference in all group matches. There is a facility for positions to be determined by a drawing of lots should 2 (or more) team records be identical and their match was a draw against each other.

A win is worth 2 points, a draw is worth 1 point, and a loss is worth 0 points. No [[Overtime (sports)|sudden victory overtime]] or [[Penalty shots|penalty shootout]] will be played in the preliminary round, as matches ending in draws at the end of regulation will award both teams with a single point. Matches which are draws at the end of the playoff round will, however, continue with a sudden victory overtime period and a possible penalty shootout.

==European Qualifying (Poland)==
{{Infobox International Floorball Competition
| tourney_name = 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships
| year =
| yearr =
| other_titles = European Qualifications (Poland)
| image =
| size =
| caption =
| country = Poland
| dates = February 3 to February 6, 2010
| num_teams = 8
| venues = 2
| cities = 2
| winners = {{fl|DEN}} {{fl|POL}}
| count =
| matches = 16
| goals = 164
| updated = 00:16, 7 February 2010 (UTC)
}}
The European Qualifying tournament in [[Poland]] determined which 2 teams received a spot in the 2010 World Championships. For this qualifying tournament, the winning teams received a spot in Group A (West Europe 1) or Group B (West Europe 2), depending on their position in preliminary stage play.

Teams in this qualification tournament represented Western Europe, as the IFF used the same criteria they use for [[EuroFloorball Cup]] qualifications in order to determine groups.

===Preliminary Round===
====Group A====
All matches in Group A in the preliminary round were played in [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]].
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|DEN}}
|3||2||1||0||42||8||+34||'''5'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|POL}}
|3||2||1||0||25||5||+20||'''5'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|BEL}}
|3||1||0||2||10||29||-19||'''2'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|GBR}}
|3||0||0||3||4||39||-35||'''0'''
|}

=====February 3, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 3, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|GBR}}''' |
score = 2:5 |
periods = ( 1:2, 0:1, 1:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|BEL}}''' |
goals1 = [[Jamie Black]] - 06.40 [[Andrew Lovell]] - 43.38 |
goals2 = 09.04 - [[Jonathan Chiau]] 15.23 - [[Michael Jonsson]] 25.31 - [[Olivier Nicolas]] 41.11 - [[Joachim Magnusson]] 59.56 - [[Joachim Magnusson]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 3, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|DEN}}''' |
score = 3:3 |
periods = ( 1:1, 1:0, 1:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|POL}}''' |
goals1 = [[Kim Jensen]] - 09.23 [[Mathias Christoffersen]] - 28.12 [[Henrik Engelsen]] - 43.41 |
goals2 = 02.39 - [[Piotr Kostela]] 48.04 - [[Piotr Kostela]] 54.04 - [[Tomasz Gaicki]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}

=====February 4, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 4, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|DEN}}''' |
score = 22:2 |
periods = ( 9:2, 6:0, 7:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GBR}}''' |
goals1 = [[Jacob Andersen (floorballer)|Jacob Andersen]] - 02.22 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 04.10 [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] - 06.49 [[Henrik Engelsen]] - 07.07 [[Steffen Jensen]] - 12.18 [[Anders Kristensen]] - 12.36 [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] - 13.31 [[Jacob Andersen (floorballer)|Jacob Andersen]] - 15.27 [[Steffen Jensen]] - 16.05 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 24.06 [[Steffen Jensen]] - 25.21 [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] - 28.19 [[Mathias Christoffersen]] - 30.20 [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] - 34.05 [[Anders Kristensen]] - 36.22 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 41.43 [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] - 47.31 [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] - 48.34 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 48.57 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 49.33 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 57.17 [[Mathias Christoffersen]] - 57.44 |
goals2 = 01.42 - [[Jason Brim]] 14.39 - [[Peter Powell (floorballer)|Peter Powell]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 4, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|POL}}''' |
score = 10:2 |
periods = ( 1:2, 5:0, 4:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|BEL}}''' |
goals1 = [[Jan Hajdus]] - 16.16 [[Lukasz Adamczak]] - 26.32 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 26.44 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 32.41 [[Mattias Mikulski]] - 38.15 [[Jan Hajdus]] - 39.57 [[Jan Hajdus]] - 47.10 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 54.02 [[Lukasz Adamczak]] - 57.34 [[Piotr Kostela]] - 59.55 |
goals2 = 07.52 - [[Jonathan Chiau]] 17.37 - [[Joachim Magnusson]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}

=====February 5, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|BEL}}''' |
score = 3:17 |
periods = ( 1:5, 1:6, 1:6 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|DEN}}''' |
goals1 = [[Jonathan Chiau]] - 00.22 [[Thomas Ghilain]] - 32.26 [[Michael Jonsson]] - 41.58 |
goals2 = 06.08 - [[Mathias Christoffersen]] 10.28 - [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] 12.34 - [[Mathias Christoffersen]] 13.39 - [[Henrik Engelsen]] 16.10 - [[Niklas Hojholt]] 22.29 - [[Claus Jensen (floorballer)|Claus Jensen]] 24.39 - [[Mathias Christoffersen]] 27.45 - [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] 32.45 - [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] 32.58 - [[Steffen Jensen]] 36.08 - [[Steffen Jensen]] 44.38 - [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] 46.20 - [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] 48.07 - [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] 53.32 - [[Brian Nielsen (floorballer)|Brian Nielsen]] 54.42 - [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] 59.59 - [[Dannie Pedersen]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 5, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|POL}}''' |
score = 12:0 |
periods = ( 5:0, 3:0, 4:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GBR}}''' |
goals1 = [[Krzysztof Malasiewicz]] - 07.54 [[Piotr Kostela]] - 09.12 [[Piotr Kostela]] - 09.29 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 12.15 [[Jaroslaw Lech]] - 19.01 [[Lukasz Adamczak]] - 25.28 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 28.40 [[Lukasz Adamczak]] - 29.25 [[Krystian Malasiewicz]] - 45.45 [[Patryk Hantsch]] - 47.20 [[Daniel Girys]] - 54.43 [[Tomasz Gaicki]] - 59.36 |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}

====Group B====
All matches in Group B in the preliminary round were played in [[Babimost]], [[Poland]].
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|FRA}}
|3||2||1||0||17||10||+7||'''5'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|HUN}}
|3||2||0||1||11||8||+3||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|AUT}}
|3||1||1||1||12||10||+2||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SER}}
|3||0||0||3||7||19||-12||'''0'''
|}

=====February 3, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 3, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|HUN}}''' |
score = 2:3 |
periods = ( 2:0, 0:2, 0:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|FRA}}''' |
goals1 = [[Norbert Duró]] - 00.29 [[Philip Kapetz]] - 04.54 |
goals2 = 38.29 - [[Beat Glauser]] 39.17 - [[Simon Riihelä]] 44.06 - [[Jérome Andermatt]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 3, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|AUT}}''' |
score = 5:1 |
periods = ( 1:0, 2:1, 2:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SER}}''' |
goals1 = [[Timo Schmid]] - 10.42 [[Stefan Simonsen]] - 31.47 [[Mathias Rohm]] - 38.47 [[Mathias Rohm]] - 43.09 [[Felix Moosburger]] - 51.04 |
goals2 = 39.08 - [[Ivan Marceta]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}

=====February 4, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 4, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|AUT}}''' |
score = 1:3 |
periods = ( 0:1, 0:2, 1:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|HUN}}''' |
goals1 = [[Benjamin Gruber]] - 57.14 |
goals2 = 17.48 - [[Christian Kapetz]] 27.17 - [[Csaba Pazsák]] 29.17 - [[Máté Darai]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 4, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SER}}''' |
score = 2:8 |
periods = ( 1:1, 0:4, 1:3 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|FRA}}''' |
goals1 = [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 12.31 [[Marko Petrovic]] - 42.39 |
goals2 = 03.54 - [[Alexandre Simonian]] 24.23 - [[Simon Riihelä]] 27.34 - [[Michel Neumuller]] 31.41 - [[Simon Riihelä]] 34.44 - [[Claudio Henry]] 47.33 - [[Laurent Herzog]] 48.38 - [[Simon Riihelä]] 54.33 - [[Samuel Antoine]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}

=====February 5, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SER}}''' |
score = 4:6 |
periods = ( 2:3, 1:1, 1:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|HUN}}''' |
goals1 = [[Toni Valle]] - 11.06 [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 11.58 [[Marko Stozinic]] - 24.13 [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 42.55 |
goals2 = 04.41 - [[Norbert Duró]] 08.58 - [[Altamash Mujahid]] 18.46 - [[Dennis Schmidt (floorballer)|Dennis Schmidt]] 33.29 - [[Oliver Schmidt (floorballer)|Oliver Schmidt]] 48.48 - [[Oliver Schmidt (floorballer)|Oliver Schmidt]] 53.17 - [[Bence Farsang]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 5, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|FRA}}''' |
score = 6:6 |
periods = ( 0:1, 3:2, 3:3 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|AUT}}''' |
goals1 = [[Samuel Antoine]] - 22.44 [[Michel Neumuller]] - 33.11 [[Simon Riihelä]] - 39.14 [[Beat Glauser]] - 44.36 [[Jérome Andermatt]] - 50.27 [[Raphaël Schubenel]] - 56.13 |
goals2 = 03.58 - [[Helmut Koloini]] 31.20 - [[Siegfried Sendlhofer]] 36.40 - [[Helmut Koloini]] 47.41 - [[Benjamin Gruber]] 53.30 - [[Benjamin Gruber]] 54.44 - [[Joël Bale]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}

===Playoff Round===
At this stage in the tournament, there was no playoff bracket. Instead, the first placed team from group A faced the second placed team from group B, and vice versa. The winners of these two matches qualified for the 2010 World Championships. These matches were played in [[Babimost]], [[Poland]].

====West Europe 1 Final====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #f7f6a8 |
date = February 6, 2010 11.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|DEN}}''' |
score = 9:2 |
periods = ( 4:1, 2:1, 3:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|HUN}}''' |
goals1 = [[Jesper Petersen (floorballer)|Jesper Petersen]] - 06.38 [[Mathias Christoffersen]] - 09.06 [[Stefan Hedorf]] - 09.37 [[Steffen Jensen]] - 16.55 [[Mathias Christoffersen]] - 28.47 [[Bo Jensen (floorballer)|Bo Jensen]] - 29.30 [[Claus Jensen (floorballer)|Claus Jensen]] - 48.20 [[Claus Jensen (floorballer)|Claus Jensen]] - 54.18 [[Jacob Andersen (floorballer)|Jacob Andersen]] - 56.17 |
goals2 = 12.41 - [[Dennis Schmidt (floorballer)|Dennis Schmidt]] 21.51 - [[Philip Kapetz]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}

====West Europe 2 Final====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #f7f6a8 |
date = February 6, 2010 14.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|FRA}}''' |
score = 2:4 |
periods = ( 1:0, 1:2, 0:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|POL}}''' |
goals1 = [[Samuel Antoine]] - 01.48 [[Simon Riihelä]] - 34.53 |
goals2 = 33.01 - [[Piotr Kostela]] 39.03 - [[Jan Hajdus]] 40.28 - [[Tomasz Gaicki]] 51.27 - [[Piotr Kostela]] |
stadium = [[Babimost]], [[Poland]]}}

===Placement Matches===
At this stage in the competition, third placed teams from both groups played against each other, as well as the fourth placed teams, to determine [[IFF World Ranking|world rankings]] as they did not qualify for the world championships. These matches were played in [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]].

====Seventh Place Match====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 10.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SER}}''' |
score = 5:4 |
periods = ( 2:0, 0:2, 3:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GBR}}''' |
goals1 = [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 01.22 [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 13.58 [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 48.40 [[Alexander Milovanovic]] - 59.37 [[Toni Valle]] - 59.59 |
goals2 = 23.31 - [[Simon Baker (floorballer)|Simon Baker]] 26.19 - [[Jamie Black]] 42.36 - [[James Bridger (floorballer)|James Bridger]] 45.13 - [[Thomas Cook (floorballer)|Thomas Cook]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}

====Fifth Place Match====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 13.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|BEL}}''' |
score = 4:6 |
periods = ( 2:2, 2:2, 0:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|AUT}}''' |
goals1 = [[Joachim Magnusson]] - 08.54 [[Thomas Ghilain]] - 17.43 [[Thomas Ghilain]] - 29.54 [[Jonathan Chiau]] - 32.55 |
goals2 = 07.02 - [[Thomas Simonsen]] 18.52 - [[Helmut Koloini]] 29.21 - [[Joël Bale]] 30.01 - [[Joël Bale]] 40.21 - [[Joe Leurer]] 58.39 - [[Joe Leurer]] |
stadium = [[Zbąszyń]], [[Poland]]}}

==European Qualifying (Spain)==
{{Infobox International Floorball Competition
| tourney_name = 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships
| year =
| yearr =
| other_titles = European Qualifications (Spain)
| image =
| size =
| caption =
| country = Spain
| dates = February 3 to February 6, 2010
| num_teams = 8
| venues = 1
| cities = 1
| winners =
| count =
| matches = 16
| goals = 0
| scoring_leader = TBD
| mvp = TBA
| updated = 22:18, July 28, 2009 (UTC)
}}
The European Qualifying tournament in [[Spain]] determined which 2 teams received a spot in the 2010 World Championships. For this qualifying tournament, the winning teams received a spot in Group C (East Europe 1) or Group D (East Europe 2), depending on their position in preliminary stage play.

Teams in this qualification tournament represented Eastern Europe, as the IFF used the same criteria they use for [[EuroFloorball Cup]] qualifications in order to determine groups.

All matches in the preliminary round, playoffs, and placement rounds were played in [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]].

===Preliminary Round===
====Group C====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|ITA}}
|3||2||1||0||30||5||+25||'''5'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SVK}}
|3||2||1||0||24||3||+21||'''5'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|NED}}
|3||1||0||2||11||24||-13||'''2'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|GEO}}
|3||0||0||3||1||34||-33||'''0'''
|}

=====February 3, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 3, 2010 11.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|ITA}}''' |
score = 7:2 |
periods = ( 3:0, 3:1, 1:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|NED}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 3, 2010 16.30 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SVK}}''' |
score = 5:0 ([[Walkover|W.O.]]) |
periods = ( 0:0, 0:0, 0:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GEO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
*'''Note''': [[Slovakia men's national floorball team|Slovakia]] was awarded a 5:0 [[walkover]] win over [[Georgia men's national floorball team|Georgia]].

=====February 4, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 4, 2010 11.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|NED}}''' |
score = 9:1 |
periods = ( 4:1, 5:0, 0:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GEO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 4, 2010 16.30 |
team1 = '''{{fl|ITA}}''' |
score = 3:3 |
periods = ( 2:1, 1:1, 0:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SVK}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

=====February 5, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 11.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|GEO}}''' |
score = 0:20 |
periods = ( 0:3, 0:10, 0:7 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|ITA}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 5, 2010 16.30 |
team1 = '''{{fl|NED}}''' |
score = 0:16 |
periods = ( 0:4, 0:3, 0:9 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SVK}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

====Group D====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|EST}}
|3||3||0||0||33||0||+33||'''6'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|ESP}}
|3||2||0||1||7||12||-5||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SLO}}
|3||1||0||2||8||14||-6||'''2'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|LIE}}
|3||0||0||3||0||22||-22||'''0'''
|}

=====February 3, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 3, 2010 13.45 |
team1 = '''{{fl|EST}}''' |
score = 13:0 |
periods = ( 1:0, 8:0, 4:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|LIE}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 3, 2010 19.30 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SLO}}''' |
score = 2:4 |
periods = ( 1:2, 0:1, 1:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|ESP}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

=====February 4, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 4, 2010 13.45 |
team1 = '''{{fl|EST}}''' |
score = 10:0 |
periods = ( 4:0, 3:0, 3:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SLO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 4, 2010 19.15 |
team1 = '''{{fl|LIE}}''' |
score = 0:3 |
periods = ( 0:1, 0:2, 0:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|ESP}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

=====February 5, 2010=====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 13.45 |
team1 = '''{{fl|LIE}}''' |
score = 0:6 |
periods = ( 0:3, 0:3, 0:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SLO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 5, 2010 19.15 |
team1 = '''{{fl|ESP}}''' |
score = 0:10 |
periods = ( 0:3, 0:2, 0:5 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|EST}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

===Playoff Round===
At this stage in the tournament, there was no playoff bracket. Instead, the first placed team from group C faced the second placed team from group D, and vice versa. The winners of these two matches qualified for the 2010 World Championships.

====East Europe 1 Final====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #f7f6a8 |
date = February 6, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|ITA}}''' |
score = 4:2 |
periods = ( 1:1, 0:0, 3:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|ESP}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

====East Europe 2 Final====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #f7f6a8 |
date = February 6, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|EST}}''' |
score = 8:4 |
periods = ( 1:0, 2:1, 5:3 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SVK}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

===Placement Matches===
At this stage in the competition, third placed teams from both groups played against each other, as well as the fourth placed teams, to determine [[IFF World Ranking|world rankings]] as they did not qualify for the world championships.

====Seventh Place Match====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 10.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|LIE}}''' |
score = 5:1 |
periods = ( 0:0, 2:1, 3:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|GEO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

====Fifth Place Match====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 13.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|NED}}''' |
score = 2:3 |
periods = ( 1:0, 1:1, 0:2 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SLO}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]}}

==Asian/Oceanian Qualifying==
{{main|2010 Men's Asia Pacific Floorball Championships}}
{{Infobox International Floorball Competition
| tourney_name = 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships
| year =
| yearr =
| other_titles = Asian/Oceanian Qualifying
| image =
| size =
| caption =
| country = Singapore
| dates = February 3 to February 7, 2010
| num_teams = 5
| venues = 1
| cities = 1
| winners =
| count =
| matches = 10
| goals = 68
| scoring_leader = TBD
| mvp = TBA
| updated = 07:52, 6 February 2010 (UTC)
}}
The Asian/Oceanian Qualifying tournament in [[Singapore]] determined which 3 teams received a spot in the 2010 World Championships. For this qualifying tournament, a winning team received a spot in Group B (AOFC 1), Group C (AOFC 3), or Group D (AOFC 2), depending on their position in preliminary stage play.

Teams in this qualification tournament represented the [[Asia Oceania Floorball Confederation]] (AOFC). This tournament was also known as the [[2010 Men's Asia Pacific Floorball Championships]].

There was only a preliminary round in this tournament, and the top 3 teams at the end of the round qualified for the 2010 World Championships. No placement matches were played.

Originally scheduled to play in the tournament, [[India men's national floorball team|India]] withdrew due to financial difficulties.

All matches were played in [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]].

===Group E===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SGP}}
|4||3||1||0||45||9||+36||'''7'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|JPN}}
|4||3||1||0||25||9||+16||'''7'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|AUS}}
|4||1||1||2||19||17||+2||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]
|4||1||1||2||19||21||-2||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|Malaysia}}
|4||0||0||4||4||56||-52||'''0'''
|}

====February 3, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 3, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|JPN}}''' |
score = 6:2 |
periods = ( 2:0, 3:1, 1:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|AUS}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 3, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]''' |
score = 2:10 |
periods = ( 1:3, 0:4, 1:3 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SGP}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}

====February 4, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 4, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SGP}}''' |
score = 25:1 |
periods = ( 11:0, 4:0, 10:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|Malaysia}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 4, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|AUS}}''' |
score = 3:3 |
periods = ( 2:0, 0:0, 1:3 ) |
team2 = '''{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}

====February 5, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 13.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|JPN}}''' |
score = 11:1 |
periods = ( 3:0, 6:0, 2:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|Malaysia}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 5, 2010 19.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|AUS}}''' |
score = 4:8 |
periods = ( 1:0, 2:3, 1:5 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|SGP}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}

====February 6, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 15.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|Malaysia}}''' |
score = 2:10 |
periods = ( 0:2, 1:2, 1:6 ) |
team2 = '''{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 6, 2010 18.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|SGP}}''' |
score = 2:2 |
periods = ( 1:1, 1:0, 0:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|JPN}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}

====February 7, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 7, 2010 10.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|JPN}}''' |
score = 6:4 |
periods = ( 1:0, 1:4, 4:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Korea men's national floorball team|Korea]]''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #ffffff |
date = February 7, 2010 16.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|AUS}}''' |
score = 10:0 |
periods = ( 2:0, 3:0, 5:0 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|Malaysia}}''' |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]]}}

==North American Qualifying==
{{Infobox International Floorball Competition
| tourney_name = 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships
| year =
| yearr =
| other_titles = North American Qualifying
| image =
| size =
| caption =
| country = Canada
| dates = February 5 to February 6, 2010
| num_teams = 2
| venues = 1
| cities = 1
| winners = {{fl|CAN}}
| count =
| matches = 2
| goals = 27
| updated = 00:32, 7 February 2010 (UTC)
}}
The North American Qualifying rounds of the 2010 World Championships took place in [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]], from February 5 to February 6, 2010. 2 matches were played, and the winner advanced to the 2010 World Championships based on [[Aggregate score|aggregate scoring]].

Although the tournament is for North American qualifying, it was previously set up by the IFF for qualifying for the Americas, which would have included both North and South America.

===Criticism===
Only two teams out of four eligible teams registered for this event, those being [[Canada men's national floorball team|Canada]] and the [[United States men's national floorball team|United States]]. The other two eligible teams were [[Argentina men's national floorball team|Argentina]] and [[Brazil men's national floorball team|Brazil]]. [[Brazil men's national floorball team|Brazil]] is the only team in the Americas which has yet to take part in an IFF-sanctioned world championship event, as [[Argentina men's national floorball team|Argentina]] was given a wild card to take part in the C-Division of the [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships C-Division|2008 Men's World Floorball Championships]].

Out of these two teams, only one would qualify and receive the North America slot in Group A at the 2010 World Championships. This format has drawn a lot of criticism from floorball media, as both [[Canada men's national floorball team|Canada]] and the [[United States men's national floorball team|United States]] have consistently finished at the top of their respective divisions at previous world championships, but were unable to advance due to the IFF's poorly structured division advancement/relegation format.

However, even if all four eligible teams registered, only one slot at the world championships would have been given, which drew criticism as Asian/Oceanian qualifications give three slots at the world championships to six out of ten eligible teams.

It is believed that the IFF may change their continental qualification format for the [[2012 Men's World Floorball Championships]].

===Group F===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| MP | Matches Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GD | Goal Differential}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|CAN}}
|2||2||0||0||17||10||+7||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|USA}}
|2||0||0||2||10||17||-7||'''0'''
|}
*'''Note:''' Standings table is provided only for statistical comparison, as qualifying in this group was based on aggregate scoring rather than ranking. 

====February 5, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 5, 2010 11.30 |
team1 = '''{{fl|USA}}''' |
score = (6) 6:11 (11) |
periods = ( 4:3, 2:4, 0:4 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|CAN}}''' |
goals1 = [[Michael Binder]] - 04.44 [[Karl Förare]] - 07.04 [[Stefan Zimmermann]] - 10.15 [[Stefan Zimmermann]] - 18.06 [[Michael Binder]] - 20.25 [[Ryan Winkler (floorballer)|Ryan Winkler]] - 32.15 |
goals2 = 07.34 - [[Patrick Ducharme]] 07.57 - [[Risto Parikka]] 14.59 - [[Dominic Morency]] 20.52 - [[Jean Sebastien Plante]] 27.21 - [[Paavo Parikka]] 33.01 - [[Risto Parikka]] 37.13 - [[Paavo Parikka]] 44.56 - [[Simon Leblanc]] 46.25 - [[Dominic Morency]] 49.16 - [[Philip Schuler]] 54.10 - [[Philip Schuler]] |
stadium = [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Canada]]}}

====February 6, 2010====
{{hockeybox2 |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = February 6, 2010 13.00 |
team1 = '''{{fl|CAN}}''' |
score = (17) 6:4 (10) |
periods = ( 2:0, 2:3, 2:1 ) |
team2 = '''{{fl|USA}}''' |
goals1 = [[Risto Parikka]] - 07.12 [[Patrice Pare]] - 19.28 [[Patrick Ducharme]] - 30.14 [[Lauri Hannelius]] - 31.16 [[Risto Parikka]] - 49.30 [[Jean Sebastien Plante]] - 52.02 |
goals2 = 26.20 - [[Michael Binder]] 28.05 - [[Karl Förare]] 34.36 - [[Karl Förare]] 50.50 - [[Karl Förare]] |
stadium = [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Canada]]}}

==Citations==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=338&alasivu=338 European qualification (Poland) - Schedule & Statistics]
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=339&alasivu=339 European qualification (Spain) - Schedule & Statistics]
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=340&alasivu=340 Asian/Oceanian Qualification - Schedule & Statistics]
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=341&alasivu=341 North American Qualification - Schedule & Statistics]
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=336&alasivu=336 2010 Men's World Floorball Championships - Schedule & Statistics]

==See also==
*[[2010 Men's Asia Pacific Floorball Championships]]
*[[2010 Men's World Floorball Championships]]

{{s-start}}
|-style="text-align: center; background: #ffa07a;"
|align="center" colspan="3"|'''[[Floorball World Championships|Men's World Floorball Championships]] Continental Qualifying - Host Cities'''
{{succession box |
before = None [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|2008]] |
after = TBA [[2012 Men's World Floorball Championships|2012]] |
title = Asia/Oceania [[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]], [[Singapore]] | years = [[2010 Men's World Floorball Championships|'''2010''']]
}}
{{succession box |
before = None [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|2008]] |
after = TBA [[2012 Men's World Floorball Championships|2012]] |
title = East Europe {{spaces|4}}[[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Spain]]{{spaces|4}} | years = [[2010 Men's World Floorball Championships|'''2010''']]
}}
{{succession box |
before = None [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|2008]] |
after = TBA [[2012 Men's World Floorball Championships|2012]] |
title = North/South America [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]] | years = [[2010 Men's World Floorball Championships|'''2010''']]
}}
{{succession box |
before = None [[2008 Men's World Floorball Championships|2008]] |
after = TBA [[2012 Men's World Floorball Championships|2012]] |
title = West Europe [[Babimost]], [[Poland]] | years = [[2010 Men's World Floorball Championships|'''2010''']]
}}
{{s-end}}
 
{{World Floorball Championships}}
 

[[Category:Floorball Championships]]
[[Category:2010 in floorball|Mens World Floorball Championships Qualifying, 2010]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Canada|Floorball]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Poland|Floorball]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Singapore|Floorball]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Spain|Floorball]]

Louis Briscoe

2011-07-05T14:53:54Z

Boxplot: /* External links */

{{Infobox football biography
| playername = Louis Briscoe
| image = [[File:Briscoe, Louis.jpg]]
| caption = Briscoe pictured in 2011
| fullname = Louis Andrew Briscoe
| dateofbirth = {{Birth date and age|1988|4|2|df=y}}
| cityofbirth = [[Burton upon Trent]]
| countryofbirth = England
| height = {{height|ft=6|in=0}}
| position = [[Midfielder|Winger]]/[[Forward (association football)|Striker]]
| currentclub = [[Mansfield Town F.C.|Mansfield Town]]
| clubnumber = 7
| youthyears1 = | youthclubs1 = [[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]]
| years1 = 2005–2007| clubs1 = [[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]]| caps1 = 4| goals1 = 0
| years2 = 2007–2008| clubs2 = [[Leek Town F.C.|Leek Town]]| caps2 = 38| goals2 = 17
| years3 = 2008 | clubs3 = [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]| caps3 = 9| goals3 = 2
| years4 = 2008 | clubs4 = [[Gresley F.C.|Gresley Rovers]]| caps4 = 2| goals4 = 4
| years5 = 2008| clubs5 = [[Stafford Rangers F.C.|Stafford Rangers]]| caps5 = 8| goals5=0
| years6 = 2009 | clubs6 = [[Ilkeston F.C.|Ilkeston Town]]| caps6 = 3| goals6 = 1
| years7 = 2009– |clubs7 = [[Mansfield Town F.C.|Mansfield Town]] | caps7 = 96| goals7 = 17
| nationalyears1 = 2009– | nationalteam1 = [[England C national football team|England C]]| nationalcaps1 = 1| nationalgoals1 = 1
| pcupdate = 00:00, 1 July 2011 (UTC)
| ntupdate = 11:10, 9 January 2010 (UTC)
}}
'''Louis Andrew Briscoe''' (born 2 April 1988) is an [[English people|English]] [[association football|footballer]] who plays for [[Conference National]] club [[Mansfield Town F.C.|Mansfield Town]]. His playing position is either as a [[Forward (association football)|Striker]] or on the [[Midfielder|right or left wing]].

He started his career with [[The Football League|Football League]] side [[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]] in 2005, but failed to make an impact and moved on to non-league [[Leek Town F.C.|Leek Town]] two years later. After brief spells with [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]], [[Gresley F.C.|Gresley Rovers]], [[Stafford Rangers F.C.|Stafford Rangers]], and [[Ilkeston F.C.|Ilkeston Town]], he won a move to Conference club Mansfield Town in 2009. He helped the club to an [[FA Trophy]] final and was named in the Conference Team of the Year in 2010–11.

==Club career==
Born in [[Burton upon Trent]], [[Staffordshire]], Briscoe began his career as a trainee at [[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]]. He made four [[The Football League|Football League]] appearances for ''Vale'', making his debut as a 17 year old in a 1–0 defeat to [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] at [[Vale Park]] on 17 December 2005. His three further [[Football League One|League One]] appearances came later on in the [[2005–06 Port Vale F.C. season|2005–06]] season. The [[2006–07 Port Vale F.C. season|following season]] he made just the one appearance, coming off the bench late into a 4–0 trouncing at [[Football League Two|League Two]] [[Hereford United F.C.|Hereford United]] in the [[FA Cup]].

Manager [[Martin Foyle]] released Briscoe from his contract in January 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/p/port_vale/6290237.stm|title=Port Vale release striker Briscoe |date=2007-01-23|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=2009-05-12}}</ref> He then joined non-league [[Leek Town F.C.|Leek Town]], where he found regular football. He bagged a total of 17 goals in 38 [[Northern Premier League Premier Division]] games for the club, before departing in summer 2008 after the club [[2007–08 Northern Premier League|suffered relegation]].

The next season he played for a multitude of Northern non-league sides, playing a handful of games for [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]] (in the Premier Division), [[Gresley F.C.|Gresley Rovers]] (in [[Northern Premier League Division One South|Division One South]]), [[Stafford Rangers F.C.|Stafford Rangers]] (in the Conference),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_conf/7777722.stm|title=Briscoe latest to leave Stafford |date=2008-12-11|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=2009-05-12}}</ref> and [[Ilkeston F.C.|Ilkeston Town]] (in the Premier Division).<ref name="BriscoeMansfield">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/mansfield_town/7817786.stm|title=Holdsworth makes double signing |date=2009-01-08|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=2009-05-12}}</ref>

Briscoe played under [[David Holdsworth]] at Ilkeston, and when Holdsworth was appointed as manager of [[Mansfield Town F.C.|Mansfield Town]] in November 2008, he offered the young winger a chance to return to full-time football.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/mansfield_town/7832563.stm|title=Stags strikers looking for goals |date=16 January 2009|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref> Briscoe signed with ''the Stags'' in January 2009,<ref name=BriscoeMansfield/> and made his debut on 17 January against [[Crawley Town F.C.|Crawley Town]]. He scored his first goal for the club against [[Ebbsfleet United F.C.|Ebbsfleet United]] on 7 April.<ref name="Briscoegoal">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_conf/7978715.stm|title=Mansfield 2-0 Ebbsfleet |date=2009-04-07|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=2010-01-09}}</ref> Fitting in well at the [[Conference National]] club, he made 38 appearances for in the [[2009–10 Football Conference|2009–10]] campaign.

In November 2010 he signed a contract to keep him at Mansfield until May 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/mansfield_town/9192109.stm|title=Winger Briscoe extends contract with Mansfield Town|date=15 November 2010|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=16 November 2010}}</ref> He played 13 goals in 42 league games in [[2010–11 Mansfield Town F.C. season|2010–11]], though his most telling contribution would be in the [[FA Trophy]], where he booked the club a place in the [[Wembley Stadium|Wembley]] final with an extra-time goal against [[Luton Town F.C.|Luton Town]] in the semis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_conf/9429939.stm|title=Luton 1-1 Mansfield (agg 1-2) |date=19 March 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref> Despite creating numerous chances for his teammates in [[2011 FA Trophy Final|the final]] itself, opponents [[Darlington F.C.|Darlington]] triumphed with a 1–0 victory.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/13296719.stm|title=FA Trophy final: Darlington 1-0 Mansfield Town|date=7 May 2011|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=30 June 2011}}</ref> At the end of the campaign Briscoe was named in the Conference Team of the Year.<ref name="Blue SQ Bet Premier 'Team of the Year'">{{Cite news| title = Blue SQ Bet Premier 'Team of the Year'| url = http://www.bluesqfootball.com/story/0,20970,13040_6993990,00.html| publisher = Blue Square Bet Premier| date = 2011-06-17| accessdate = 2011-06-29}}</ref>

==International career==
While at Mansfield, Briscoe made his debut for [[England C national football team|England C]], the team which represents England at non-league level. He scored in a 1–1 with [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] Under-23's on 15 September 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thisisnottingham.co.uk/football/Stags-trio-star-England/article-1341801-detail/article.html|title=Stags trio star for England|date=2009-09-16|accessdate=2010-01-09|newspaper=Nottingham Evening Post}}</ref>

==Honours==
;Individual
*'''[[Conference National]] Team of the Year:''' [[2010–11 Football Conference|2010–11]]
;with Mansfield Town
*[[FA Trophy]] runner-up: [[2011 FA Trophy Final|2011]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
*{{soccerbase|42822}}
*[http://www.mansfieldtown.net/page/ProfilesDetail/0,,10325~35767,00.html Louis Briscoe Profile] at official Mansfield Town website
*[http://www.leektown.co.uk/2007/2007players.php Louis Briscoe Leek Town career statistics] at official Leek Town website

{{2010–11 Conference National Team of the Year}}
{{Mansfield Town F.C. squad}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Briscoe, Louis
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Louis Andrew Briscoe
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Footballer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 2 April 1988
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Burton upon Trent]], England
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Briscoe, Louis}}
[[Category:1988 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Burton upon Trent]]
[[Category:English footballers]]
[[Category:England semi-pro international footballers]]
[[Category:Association football forwards]]
[[Category:Port Vale F.C. players]]
[[Category:Leek Town F.C. players]]
[[Category:Hednesford Town F.C. players]]
[[Category:Gresley Rovers F.C. players]]
[[Category:Stafford Rangers F.C. players]]
[[Category:Ilkeston Town F.C. players]]
[[Category:Mansfield Town F.C. players]]
[[Category:The Football League players]]
[[Category:Conference National players]]

Gary Dotter

2011-07-05T14:53:10Z

Boxplot:

{{Infobox MLB player
|name=Gary Dotter
|position=[[Pitcher]]
|image=
|caption=
|bats=Left
|throws=Left
|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1942|8|7}}
|birth_place=[[St. Louis, Missouri]]
|death_date=
|death_place=
|debutdate=September 10
|debutyear=1961
|debutteam=Minnesota Twins
|finaldate=October 2
|finalyear=1964
|finalteam=Minnesota Twins
|stat1label=[[Win–loss record (pitching)|Win-Loss record]]
|stat1value=0–0
|stat2label=[[Earned run average]]
|stat2value=5.11
|stat3label=[[Inning (baseball)|Innings pitched]]
|stat3value=12⅓
|teams=<nowiki></nowiki>
*[[Minnesota Twins]] (1961; 1963–1964)}}
'''Gary Richard Dotter''' (born August 7, 1942, at [[St. Louis, Missouri]]) is a retired [[United States|American]] [[professional baseball]] player. A [[left-handed]] [[pitcher]] listed at {{convert|6|ft|1|in}} tall and {{convert|180|lb}}, he made late-season appearances in three seasons (1961; 1963–1964) for the [[Minnesota Twins]] of [[Major League Baseball]].

Dotter signed with his hometown [[St. Louis Cardinals]] after high school, but was drafted out of the Redbird [[farm system]] after his first [[minor league baseball|minor league]] season in Class D, then the lowest classification of the minors. After posting 14 wins with the 1961 [[Wilson Tobs]] of the Class B [[Carolina League]], he was recalled by the Twins that September. He made his debut by pitching four [[inning (baseball)|innings]] in [[relief pitcher|relief]] against the [[Oakland Athletics|Kansas City Athletics]]. His did a creditable job for his first three innings — giving up only one [[earned run]] — but in his fourth frame, he surrendered five runs and was replaced on the mound by a non-pitcher, [[first baseman]] [[Julio Becquer]].<ref>[http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/D/Pdottg101.htm Retrosheet]</ref>

Dotter would appear in six other MLB games for Minnesota in relief over his career, and pitch well. He worked in a total of seven Major League games and 12⅓ [[innings pitched]], surrendering nine [[hit (baseball)|hits]] seven earned runs, [[base on balls|walking]] seven and [[strikeout|striking out]] ten.

But he spent the remainder of his professional career in the minor leagues, retiring after the 1967 campaign with a 55–40 [[Win–loss record (pitching)|won-lost]] record.<ref>[http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=dotter001gar Minor league statistics from [[Baseball Reference]]]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/d/dottega01.shtml Career record and playing statistics from [[Baseball Reference]]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dotter, Gary}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Baseball players from Missouri]]
[[Category:Major League Baseball pitchers]]
[[Category:Minnesota Twins players]]
[[Category:People from St. Louis, Missouri]]

2002 Men's World Floorball Championships

2011-07-05T14:52:22Z

Boxplot: /* External links */

{{Infobox International Floorball Competition
| tourney_name = Men's World Floorball Championships
| year = 2002
| yearr =
| other_titles = A-Division
| image = 2002WFC.png
| size = 200 px
| caption = Official Logo of the 2002 Men's World Floorball Championships
| country = {{FIN}}
| dates = [[May 2002#2002 May 18|18 May]] - [[May 2002#2002 May 25|25 May]]
| num_teams = 8
| venues = 1
| cities = 1
| winners = {{fl|SWE}}
| count = 4
| matches = 24
| goals = 227
| scoring_leader = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Johan Andersson (Floorball)|Johan Andersson]] (18 Points)
| mvp = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Johan Andersson (Floorball)|Johan Andersson]]
| updated = 18:33, 11 June 2008 (UTC)
}}

The '''2002 Men's World Floorball Championships''' were the fourth world
championships in men's [[floorball]]. It was held from [[May 2002#2002 May 18|May 18, 2002]] to [[May 2002#2002 May 25|May 25, 2002]] in [[Finland]]. [[Sweden men's national floorball team|Sweden]] won the tournament for a fourth time after defeating [[Finland men's national floorball team|Finland]] in the final.

==Championship results==
=== Preliminary round ===
==== Group A ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SWE}}
|3||3||0||0||46||3||'''6'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|NOR}}
|3||2||0||1||13||17||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|DEN}}
|3||1||0||2||8||20||'''2'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|GER}}
|3||0||0||3||4||31||'''0'''
|}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 18, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 15–2 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = [[Henrik Quist]] 15.31 [[Jonathan Kronstrand]] 25.23 [[Niklas Jihde]] 28.57 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 29.14 [[Henrik Quist]] 35.05 [[Peder Bodén]] 36.59 [[Mathias Larsson]] 37.20 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 39.17 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 41.56 [[Mathias Larsson]] 42.36 [[Adam Grane]] 45.03 [[Anders Hellgård]] 46.17 [[Mattias Axelsson]] 48.42 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 53.59 [[Adam Grane]] 59.31 |
goals2 = [[Kim Olesen]] 15.08 [[Ronnie Graugaard]] 42.21 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 19, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|DEN}} |
score = 5–0 |
team2 = {{fl|GER}} |
goals1 = [[Kim Olesen]] 00.54 [[Kennet Bork]] 28.22 [[Kennet Bork]] 38.15 [[Jesper Petersen]] 42.13 [[Tim Jaltoft]] 54.27 |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 0–13 |
team2 = {{fl|SWE}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 01.52 [[Niklas Jihde]] 15.28 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 19.32 [[Daniel Calebsson]] 19.58 [[Niklas Jihde]] 24.16 [[Anders Hellgård]] 27.22 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 29.27 [[Martin Olofsson]] 41.15 [[Martin Olofsson]] 41.34 [[Henrik Quist]] 44.21 [[Martin Olofsson]] 45.06 [[Henrik Quist]] 49.50 [[Niklas Jihde]] 57.07 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 20, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 5–1 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = [[Willy Fauskanger]] 14.42 [[Lars Erik Sikkeland]] 37.33 [[Ketil Kronberg]] 43.55 [[Andreas Sletten]] 47.54 [[Raymond Evensen]] 58.14 |
goals2 = [[Kennet Bork]] 11.36 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 18–1 |
team2 = {{fl|GER}} |
goals1 = [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 10.13 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 10.48 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 14.36 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 24.49 [[Joakim Lindström]] 27.17 [[Jonathan Kronstrand]] 33.21 [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 35.56 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 36.45 [[Adam Grane]] 37.16 [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 38.12 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 39.19 [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 41.15 [[Joakim Lindström]] 42.00 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 46.16 [[Jonathan Kronstrand]] 51.20 [[Anders Hellgård]] 54.37 [[Joakim Bäckström]] 57.41 [[Peter Fischerström]] 59.48 |
goals2 = [[Kristian Holtz]] 29.26 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 21, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 8–3 |
team2 = {{fl|GER}} |
goals1 = [[Andreas Sletten]] 01.47 [[Stian Martinsen]] 17.16 [[Stian Martinsen]] 22.41 [[Stian Martinsen]] 24.50 [[Raymond Evensen]] 41.38 [[Raymond Evensen]] 49.55 [[Thomas Solheim]] 51.20 [[Andreas Sletten]] 51.32 |
goals2 = [[Kristian Holtz]] 04.05 [[Andreas Kasche]] 21.56 [[Fredrik Hartwig]] 48.18 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

====Group B ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|FIN}}
|3||2||0||1||19||5||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|CZE}}
|3||2||0||1||14||10||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SUI}}
|3||2||0||1||16||12||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|LAT}}
|3||0||0||3||5||27||'''0'''
|}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 18, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 4–1 |
team2 = {{fl|SUI}} |
goals1 = [[Sami Kuronen]] 16.36 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 20.47 [[Mikael Järvi]] 35.51 [[Juho Seppälä]] 41.48 |
goals2 = [[Adrian Capatt]] 57.31 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 19, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 3–4 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = [[Sami Kuronen]] 28.08 [[Mikael Järvi]] 47.00 [[Janne Tähkä]] 59.33 |
goals2 = [[Michal Rohel]] 29.58 [[Petr Kozusnik]] 34.45 [[Jiri Jandácek]] 35.29 [[Ales Zálesný]] 45.58 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 9–4 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = [[Matthias Hofbauer]] 08.48 [[Daniel Telli]] 09.50 [[Michael Flury]] 14.38 [[Stefan Lüthi]] 20.28 [[Adrian Capatt]] 45.07 [[Samuel Dunkel]] 45.44 [[Adrian Capatt]] 50.50 [[Patrick Bachmann]] 57.02 [[Daniel Telli]] 57.26 |
goals2 = [[Andrejs Cvetkovs]] 07.07 [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 14.06 [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 15.44 [[Artis Malkavs]] 32.25 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 20, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 6–4 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = [[Daniel Telli]] 17.00 [[Adrian Capatt]] 19.26 [[Stefan Lüthi]] 25.33 [[Rolf Kern]] 27.16 [[Matthias Hofbauer]] 42.46 [[Stefan Lüthi]] 58.03 |
goals2 = [[Tomás Trnavsky]] 19.53 [[Ales Jakubek]] 35.17 [[Radim Cepek]] 58.08 [[Radim Cepek]] 58.27 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|LAT}} |
score = 0–12 |
team2 = {{fl|FIN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = [[Janne Tähkä]] 06.38 [[Teppo Rantala]] 11.04 [[Tero Karppanen]] 11.28 [[Jussi Järvinen]] 21.21 [[Hannes Öhman]] 28.32 [[Tero Tiitu]] 32.23 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 35.58 [[Hannes Öhman]] 37.47 [[Jari-Pekka Lehtonen]] 43.08 [[Tero Karppanen]] 43.41 [[Jori Isomäki]] 48.27 [[Tero Karppanen]] 53.25 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 21, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|CZE}} |
score = 6–1 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = [[Radek Sikora]] 13.46 [[Petr Kozusnik]] 20.43 [[Radim Cepek]] 31.55 [[Radim Cepek]] 43.02 [[Pavel Kozusnik]] 54.58 [[Michal Rohel]] 59.46 |
goals2 = [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 35.33 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

==Playoffs==
{{8TeamBracket |
| group1=
| group2=
| RD1-seed1=A1
| RD1-team1={{fl|SWE}}
| RD1-score1=16
| RD1-seed2=B4
| RD1-team2={{fl|LAT}}
| RD1-score2=0
| RD1-seed3=A3
| RD1-team3={{fl|DEN}}
| RD1-score3=4
| RD1-seed4=B2
| RD1-team4={{fl|CZE}}
| RD1-score4=5
| RD1-seed5=B1
| RD1-team5={{fl|FIN}}
| RD1-score5=7
| RD1-seed6=A4
| RD1-team6={{fl|GER}}
| RD1-score6=1
| RD1-seed7=A2
| RD1-team7={{fl|NOR}}
| RD1-score7=2
| RD1-seed8=B3
| RD1-team8={{fl|SUI}}
| RD1-score8=3
| RD2-seed1=A1
| RD2-team1={{fl|SWE}}
| RD2-score1=7
| RD2-seed2=B2
| RD2-team2={{fl|CZE}}
| RD2-score2=1
| RD2-seed3=B1
| RD2-team3={{fl|FIN}}
| RD2-score3=5
| RD2-seed4=B3
| RD2-team4={{fl|SUI}}
| RD2-score4=1
| RD3-seed1=A1
| RD3-team1={{fl|SWE}}
| RD3-score1=6
| RD3-seed2=B1
| RD3-team2={{fl|FIN}}
| RD3-score2=4
}}

===Quarter-Finals===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 22, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 7–1 |
team2 = {{fl|GER}} |
goals1 = [[Jori Isomäki]] 07.00 [[Teppo Rantala]] 12.16 [[Pasi Kotilainen]] 19.59 [[Juho Seppälä]] 38.09 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 43.33 [[Teppo Rantala]] 51.50 [[Juho Seppälä]] 56.43 |
goals2 = [[Kristian Holtz]] 58.42 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 3–2 |
team2 = {{fl|NOR}} |
goals1 = [[Daniel Aeschimann]] 03.51 [[Daniel Aeschimann]] 08.09 [[Daniel Aeschimann]] 45.33 |
goals2 = [[Lars Erik Sikkeland]] 09.05 [[Geir Nordseth]] 59.54 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 23, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 16–0 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = [[Henrik Quist]] 00.33 [[Niklas Jihde]] 02.57 [[Martin Olofsson]] 03.13 [[Peder Bodén]] 08.14 [[Mathias Larsson]] 10.40 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 11.24 [[Henrik Quist]] 12.41 [[Per Svensson]] 16.30 [[Johan Davidsson (floorball player)|Johan Davidsson]] 18.46 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 21.11 [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 26.42 [[Niklas Jihde]] 27.43 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 32.59 [[Niklas Jihde]] 38.57 [[Mattias Axelsson]] 45.02 [[Johannes Gustafsson]] 59.07 |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|DEN}} |
score = 4–5 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = [[Ronnie Graugaard]] 34.48 [[Ronnie Graugaard]] 48.50 [[Kennet Bork]] 57.43 [[Joakim Larsen]] 59.51 |
goals2 = [[Ales Zálesný]] 20.37 [[Jiri Jandácek]] 33.05 [[Radim Cepek]] 43.45 [[Michal Rohel]] 54.33 [[Pavel Kozusnik]] 67.17 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

===Semi-Finals===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 24, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 7–1 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = [[Henrik Lorendahl]] 06.59 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 09.55 [[Mattias Axelsson]] 19.00 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 35.44 [[Anders Hellgård]] 45.39 [[Jonathan Kronstrand]] 50.03 [[Niklas Jihde]] 56.51 |
goals2 = [[Radim Cepek]] 53.43 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 5–1 |
team2 = {{fl|SUI}} |
goals1 = [[Tero Karppanen]] 11.30 [[Mikael Järvi]] 17.02 [[Tero Karppanen]] 24.16 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 27.22 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 54.32 |
goals2 = [[Daniel Telli]] 06.43 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

===Bronze Medal Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #FFDAB9 |
date = May 25, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|CZE}} |
score = 3–4 |
team2 = {{fl|SUI}} |
goals1 = [[Tomás Trnavsky]] 35.33 [[Tomás Trnavsky]] 43.23 [[Daniel Folta]] 56.03 |
goals2 = [[Adrian Capatt]] 26.10 [[Daniel Aeschimann]] 26.41 [[Thomas Engel]] 29.12 [[Stefan Lüthi]] 63.19 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

===Championship Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #F7F6A8 |
date = May 25, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 6–4 |
team2 = {{fl|FIN}} |
goals1 = [[Mathias Larsson]] 10.50 [[Johan Andersson (floorball)|Johan Andersson]] 15.07 [[Niklas Jihde]] 27.02 [[Martin Olofsson]] 51.06 [[Martin Olofsson]] 59.42 [[Martin Olofsson]] 59.59 |
goals2 = [[Mikael Järvi]] 04.06 [[Janne Tähkä]] 23.27 [[Mikael Järvi]] 49.10 [[Jaakko Hintikka]] 59.51 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

==Placement Round==
===5th-8th Place Matches===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 23, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 8–2 |
team2 = {{fl|GER}} |
goals1 = [[Frank Kristoffersen]] 03.54 [[Erik Rasmussen]] 05.31 [[Per Kristian Fladset]] 08.51 [[Geir Vidar Pedersen]] 10.22 [[Lars Erik Sikkeland]] 27.33 [[Per Kristian Fladset]] 40.56 [[Raymond Evensen]] 42.35 [[Ketil Kronberg]] 47.03 |
goals2 = [[Kristian Holtz]] 00.39 [[Robert Blanke]] 19.36 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date = May 24, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|LAT}} |
score = 1–4 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 36.53 |
goals2 = [[Ronnie Graugaard]] 18.17 [[Jesper Petersen]] 26.12 [[Jesper Petersen]] 34.48 [[Kim Olesen]] 58.50 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

===7th Place Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 25, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|GER}} |
score = 5–6 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = [[Dirk Winkler]] 14.04 [[Dirk Winkler]] 16.45 [[Robert Blanke]] 45.27 [[Robert Müller]] 52.26 [[Kristian Holtz]] 55.43 |
goals2 = [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 04.33 [[Janis Alps]] 09.55 [[Andrejs Cvetkovs]] 22.46 [[Dailis Skudritis]] 23.34 [[Kristians Lisovskis]] 32.29 [[Martins Jarohovics]] 66.43 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

===5th Place Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 24, 2002 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 6–1 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = [[Glen Evensen]] 11.55 [[Glen Evensen]] 14.09 [[Glen Evensen]] 17.27 [[Willy Fauskanger]] 20.13 [[Lars Erik Sikkeland]] 47.14 [[Willy Fauskanger]] 54.24 |
goals2 = [[Kim Olesen]] 39.27 |
stadium = [[Hartwall Areena]], [[Helsinki]]}}

==Leading scorers==
{| border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="wikitable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="175px" colspan="2"| Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| G | Goals}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| A | Assists}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| PIM | Penalties in Minutes}}
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Johan Andersson (Floorball)|Johan Andersson]] || 6 || 14 || 4 || 18 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Martin Olofsson]] || 6 || 7 || 9 || 16 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Niklas Jihde]] || 5 || 9 || 5 || 14 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|FIN}}||[[Jaakko Hintikka (Floorball)|Jaakko Hintikka]] || 6 || 6 || 5 || 11 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Johannes Gustafsson]] || 6 || 6 || 5 || 11 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Henrik Quist]] || 5 || 6 || 5 || 11 || 2
|-
|{{flagicon|CZE}}||[[Radim Cepek]] || 6 || 6 || 5 || 11 || 2
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Jonathan Kronstrand]] || 6 || 4 || 6 || 10 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Anders Hellgård]] || 6 || 4 || 6 || 10 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|FIN}}||[[Juho Seppälä]] || 6 || 3 || 6 || 9 || 2
|}

==Ranking & Statistics==
{| align="right"
| width="3" |  
|
{{winners|fl|2002 Men's World Floorball Championship Winners|SWE|4th World}}

==Awards & All-Star Team==
*'''Goalkeeper:''' {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Mårten Blixt]]
*'''Defense:''' {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Jari-Pekka Lehtonen]], {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Henrik Qvist]]
*'''Forward:''' {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Johan Andersson (Floorball)|Johan Andersson]], {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Jaakko Hintikka (Floorball)|Jaakko Hintikka]], {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Martin Olofsson]]
*'''Most Valuable Player (MVP):''' {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Johan Andersson (Floorball)|Johan Andersson]]
|}
Official 2002 A-Division Rankings according to the [[International Floorball Federation|IFF]]
{| class="wikitable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;font-size:90%"
|-bgcolor="#E4E4E4"
!style="border-bottom:1px solid #AAAAAA" width=40|Rk.
!style="border-bottom:1px solid #AAAAAA" width=120|Team
|- bgcolor="#F7F6A8"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{goca}} ||{{fl|SWE}}
|- bgcolor="#DCE5E5"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{sica}} ||{{fl|FIN}}
|- bgcolor="#FFDAB9"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{brca}} ||{{fl|SUI}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 4. ||{{fl|CZE}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 5. ||{{fl|NOR}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 6. ||{{fl|DEN}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 7. ||{{fl|LAT}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 8. ||{{fl|GER}}
|}
 
 
{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before = [[2000 Men's World Floorball Championships|2000 World Championships]] |
after = [[2004 Men's World Floorball Championships|2004 World Championships]] |
title = [[Floorball|Floorball World Championships]] |
years = '''2002'''
}}
{{succession box
| title=[[Floorball|Finals Venue]] [[Hartwall Areena]] [[Helsinki]]
| years = 2002
| before = [[Jordal Amfi]] [[Oslo]] [[2000 Men's World Floorball Championships|2000]]|
| after = [[Eishalle Schluefweg]] [[Zürich]] [[2004 Men's World Floorball Championships|2004]]
}}
{{s-end}}
 
{{World Floorball Championships}}

== External links ==
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=255&alasivu=255 Tournament Statistics]
*[http://imanager.ip-finland.com/show.php3?id=1011&rand=qPOKJFQK7W9UjLRj3K9O Official Website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:2002 Men'S World Floorball ChampionShipS}}
[[Category:2002 in sports|Floorball Championships]]
[[Category:Floorball Championships]]
[[Category:2002 in floorball|Mens World Floorball Championships, 2002]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Finland|Floorball]]

[[cs:Mistrovství světa ve florbale 2002]]
[[da:VM i floorball for herrer 2002]]
[[de:Unihockey-Weltmeisterschaft 2002]]
[[no:Innebandy-VM 2002]]
[[fi:Salibandyn maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 2002]]
[[sv:Världsmästerskapet i innebandy för herrar 2002]]

Tokyo Medical and Dental University

2011-07-05T14:51:34Z

Boxplot:

{{coord|35|42|5|N|139|45|55|E|region:JP_type:edu_source:dewiki|display=title}}
{{Infobox University
|name = Tokyo Medical and Dental University
|native_name = 東京医科歯科大学
|latin_name =
|image_name = Tmdu-logo.gif
|image_size =
|motto = Cultivating Professionals with Knowledge and Humanity 知と癒しの匠を創造する
|established = 1928
|type = [[National university|Public (National)]]
|president = Takashi Ohyama 大山喬史
|city = [[Bunkyō, Tokyo|Bunkyō]]
|state = [[Tokyo]]
|country = [[Japan]]
|faculty = 677 <ref name="TMDU Overview 2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/cmn/adm/over_view/gaiyouH22_eng.pdf|title= TMDU Overview 2010 / Statistics|accessdate=23 May 2011}}</ref>
|staff = 1,205
|students =
|undergrad = 1,380 <ref name="TMDU Overview 2010" />
|postgrad = 1,409 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/english/outline/statistics/students/index.html|title= Number of students|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref>
|doctoral =
|other = 255
|profess =
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]]
|athletics =
|colors = Bloom Gold {{colorbox|#e6aa6e}} Mission Blue {{colorbox|#050a50}}
|mascot = None
|affiliations =
|website = [http://www.tmdu.ac.jp/ tmd.ac.jp]
|footnotes =
|address =
|telephone =
|logo =
}}

[[File:Tokyo Medical and Dental University 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Headquarters of Tokyo Medical and Dental University in Bunkyō, Tokyo]]
{{nihongo|'''Tokyo Medical and Dental University'''|東京医科歯科大学|Tōkyō ika shika daigaku}} is part of [[Japan|Japan's]] [[Japanese national university|national university]] system. Tokyo Medical and Dental University (not to be confused with [[Tokyo Medical University]] or [[Tokyo Dental College]]) offers [[Bachelor's degree|baccalaureate]] and graduate [[Academic degree|degrees]] in [[medicine]], [[dentistry]], and related fields.

== History ==
The university is originally rooted in {{nihongo|'''Eiraku Hospital'''|永楽病院|Eiraku byōin}} which was associated with Tokyo Medical License Exam in 1899 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/cmn/adm/over_view/gaiyouH13.pdf|title= TMDU overview 2007|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref> . The university was founded under the title of {{nihongo|'''Tokyo National School of Dentistry'''|東京高等歯科医学校|Tōkyō kōtō shikai gakkō}}　as the first national school of dentistry in Japan on October 12, 1928. The school received university status in 1944 as Tokyo Medical and Dental College. It was renamed to Tokyo Medical and Dental University in 1946. Separate Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Dentistry were established in 1951, along with a research institute dedicated to materials, which was later expanded to the current Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering. In 2000, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences replaced the former Graduate School. In accordance with the National University Corporation law, the school became a National University Corporation in 2004. <ref name="TMDU Overview 2010" />

== Organization<ref name="TMDU Overview 2010" /> ==
=== Graduate Schools ===
* Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
* Graduate School of Health Care Sciences
* Graduate School of Biomedical Science
=== Faculties and Colleges ===
* Faculty of Medicine
* Faculty of Dentistry
* College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
=== Institutes and Research Centers ===
* Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering
* Medical Research Institute
* Institute for Library and Media Information Technology
* Center for Education Research in Medicine and Dentistry (joint)
* Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences (joint)
* Center for Experimental Animal (joint)
* International Exchange Center (joint)
* Life Science and Bioethics Research Center (joint)
* Center for Interprofessional Education (joint)
* International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE Program)
=== University Hospitals ===
* University Hospital of Medicine (800 beds)
* University Hospital of Dentistry (60 beds, 317 dental chair units)
== International Exchange ==
Tokyo Medical and Dental University has over 200 international students, mainly from Asian countries. The university has university exchange and affiliation agreements with universities from over 25 other countries. Since 2002 the university has had an agreement with [[Partners Harvard Medical International]] involving enhancement of TMDU's education programs. An exchange program between Faculty of Medicine and [[Imperial College London]] was launched in 2004. The faculty of dentistry has agreements with several schools in the [[United States|US]], [[United Kingdom|UK]], [[Australia]] and [[Canada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/english/international/agreement-school/index.html|title= International Exchange Overseas Affiliated Universities Inter-Faculty Agreements
|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref>

== Campuses ==
=== Yushima Campus ===
{{nihongo|'''Yushima'''|湯島|Yushima}} Campus is the main campus located in [[Bunkyo, Tokyo|Bunkyō]], close to [[Ochanomizu Station|Ochanomizu station]], which contains the main university hospital buildings and research facilities including the 126m-tall M&D tower.<ref name="TMDU Overview 2010" /> The campus is close to [[Yushima Tenman-gū|Yushima Tenjin]], from which the plum blossom symbol of university (five [[Petal|petals]]) was derived.<ref>{{cite web|title=Symbol and Logo Mark of Tokyo Medical and Dental University|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/english/outline/symbol_and_logo/index.html|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref>
=== Surugadai Campus ===
{{nihongo|'''Surugadai'''|駿河台|Surugadai}} Campus is also located close to Ochanomizu station and houses the Medical Research Institute and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering.
=== Kounodai Campus ===
The Kounodai Campus houses the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences where undergraduate students start their university studies, and International House dormitory. This campus is located in [[Ichikawa, Chiba|Ichikawa City]], Chiba Prefecture, about 40 minutes from Yushima Campus by train.

== Ranking ==
According to the [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]] data in 2010 the university ranked 217 in the world and seven among all Japanese universities. In the [[QS World University Rankings]] in 2010, TMDU ranked number one in Asia in terms of paper citations　<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tmd.ac.jp/english/outline/ranking_2010/index.html|title= World University Rankings|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref>.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons-inline|Category:Tokyo Medical and Dental University|{{PAGENAME}}}}
* [http://www.tmd.ac.jp/TMDU-e/ TMDU website (English)]

{{tokyo-university-stub}}

[[Category:Partners Harvard Medical International|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Bunkyo, Tokyo]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Tokyo]]
[[Category:Japanese national universities]]
[[Category:Schools of medicine in Japan]]

[[fr:Université de médecine et d'odontologie de Tōkyō]]
[[ja:東京医科歯科大学]]
[[zh:東京醫科齒科大學]]

2000 Men's World Floorball Championships

2011-07-05T14:50:29Z

Boxplot: /* External links */

The '''2000 Men's Floorball Championships''' were the third world championships in men's [[floorball]]. It was held in May 2000 in [[Norway]], and won by [[Sweden men's national floorball team|Sweden]].

==Championship results==
=== Preliminary round ===
==== Group A ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SWE}}
|3||3||0||0||18||5||'''6'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|DEN}}
|3||1||1||1||6||6||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|NOR}}
|3||1||1||1||8||13||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|LAT}}
|3||0||0||3||6||14||'''0'''
|}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 14, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 6–2 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 3–2 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Sparta Amfi]], [[Sarpsborg]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 16, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 10–1 |
team2 = {{fl|NOR}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Sparta Amfi]], [[Sarpsborg]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|DEN}} |
score = 3–2 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Sparta Amfi]], [[Sarpsborg]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 18, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 1–1 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Sparta Amfi]], [[Sarpsborg]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|LAT}} |
score = 2–5 |
team2 = {{fl|SWE}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Sparta Amfi]], [[Sarpsborg]]}}

====Group B ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=165|Team
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| W | Wins}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| D | Draws}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| L | Losses}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GF | Goals For}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| GA | Goals Against}}
!width=20|{{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|FIN}}
|3||2||1||0||17||5||'''5'''
|- style="background:#ccffcc;"
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|SUI}}
|3||2||0||1||17||8||'''4'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|CZE}}
|3||1||1||1||9||6||'''3'''
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{fl|RUS}}
|3||0||0||3||2||26||'''0'''
|}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 15, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 3–5 |
team2 = {{fl|FIN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|CZE}} |
score = 5–1 |
team2 = {{fl|RUS}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 16, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 10–0 |
team2 = {{fl|RUS}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 3–2 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}

{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 18, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|CZE}} |
score = 2–2 |
team2 = {{fl|FIN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|RUS}} |
score = 1–11 |
team2 = {{fl|SUI}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = Drammenshallen, [[Drammen]]}}

==Playoffs==
{{4TeamBracket |
| group1=
| group2=
| RD1-seed1=A1
| RD1-team1={{fl|SWE}}
| RD1-score1=8
| RD1-seed2=B2
| RD1-team2={{fl|SUI}}
| RD1-score2=2
| RD1-seed3=B1
| RD1-team3={{fl|FIN}}
| RD1-score3=6
| RD1-seed4=A2
| RD1-team4={{fl|DEN}}
| RD1-score4=1
| RD2-seed1=A1
| RD2-team1={{fl|SWE}}
| RD2-score1=5
| RD2-seed2=B1
| RD2-team2={{fl|FIN}}
| RD2-score2=3
}}

===Semi-Finals===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 20, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 8–2 |
team2 = {{fl|SUI}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #ffffff |
date =   |
team1 = {{fl|FIN}} |
score = 6–1 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}

===Bronze Medal Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #FFDAB9 |
date = May 21, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|SUI}} |
score = 4–2 |
team2 = {{fl|DEN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}

===Championship Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #F7F6A8 |
date = May 21, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|SWE}} |
score = 5–3 |
team2 = {{fl|FIN}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}

==Placement Round==
===7th Place Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 19, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|RUS}} |
score = 4–5 |
team2 = {{fl|LAT}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}

===5th Place Match===
{{fieldhockeybox |
bg = #eeeeee |
date = May 19, 2000 |
team1 = {{fl|NOR}} |
score = 5–2 |
team2 = {{fl|CZE}} |
goals1 = |
goals2 = |
stadium = [[Jordal Amfi]], [[Oslo]]}}

==Leading scorers==
{| border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="wikitable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="175px" colspan="2"| Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| GP | Games Played}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| G | Goals}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| A | Assists}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| PTS | Points}}
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25px" | {{Tooltip| PIM | Penalties in Minutes}}
|-
|{{flagicon|FIN}}||[[Tero Karppanen]] || 5 || 6 || 3 || 9 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Martin Olofsson]] || 5 || 5 || 4 || 9 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SUI}}||[[Daniel Telli]] || 5 || 4 || 5 || 9 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Anders Hellgård]] || 5 || 3 || 6 || 9 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Magnus Augustsson]] || 5 || 5 || 3 || 8 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}}||[[Jonathan Kronstrand]] || 5 || 3 || 5 || 8 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|FIN}}||[[Mikael Järvi]] || 5 || 5 || 2 || 7 || 2
|-
|{{flagicon|FIN}}||[[Jaakko Hintikka]] || 5 || 4 || 3 || 7 || 0
|-
|{{flagicon|CZE}}||[[Radim Cepek]] || 4 || 4 || 3 || 7 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|NOR}}||[[Willy Fauskanger]] || 4 || 5 || 1 || 6 || 0
|}

==Ranking & Statistics==
{| align="right"
| width="3" |  
|
{{winners|fl|2000 Men's World Floorball Championship Winners|SWE|3rd World}}

==Awards & All-Star Team==
*'''Goalkeeper:''' {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Morten Andersen]]
*'''Defense:''' {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Vesa Punkari]], {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Johan Davidsson]]
*'''Forward:''' {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Tero Karppanen]], {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Mika Kohonen]], {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Martin Olofsson]]
*'''Most Valuable Player (MVP):''' {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Martin Olofsson]]
|}
Official 2000 A-Division Rankings according to the [[International Floorball Federation|IFF]]
{| class="wikitable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;font-size:90%"
|-bgcolor="#E4E4E4"
!style="border-bottom:1px solid #AAAAAA" width=40|Rk.
!style="border-bottom:1px solid #AAAAAA" width=120|Team
|- bgcolor="#F7F6A8"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{goca}} ||'''{{fl|SWE}}'''
|- bgcolor="#DCE5E5"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{sica}} ||{{fl|FIN}}
|- bgcolor="#FFDAB9"
| align="center" style="height:23px"| {{brca}} ||{{fl|SUI}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 4. ||{{fl|DEN}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 5. ||{{fl|NOR}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 6. ||{{fl|CZE}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 7. ||{{fl|LAT}}
|- style="background:#ffffff;"
|align="center"| 8. ||{{fl|RUS}}
|}
 
 
{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before = [[1998 Men's World Floorball Championships|1998 World Championships]] |
after = [[2002 Men's World Floorball Championships|2002 World Championships]] |
title = [[Floorball|Floorball World Championships]] |
years = 2000
}}
{{succession box
| title=[[Floorball|Finals Venue]] [[Jordal Amfi]] [[Oslo]]
| years = 2000
| before = [[Slavia]] [[Prague]] [[1998 Men's World Floorball Championships|1998]]|
| after = [[Hartwall Areena]] [[Helsinki]] [[2002 Men's World Floorball Championships|2002]]
}}
{{s-end}}
 
{{World Floorball Championships}}

== External links ==
*[http://windows3.salibandy.net/default.asp?kieli=826&sivu=256&alasivu=256 Tournament Statistics]
*[http://www.innebandy.no/wfc2000/ Official Website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:2000 Men's World Floorball Championships}}
[[Category:2000 in sports|Floorball Championships]]
[[Category:Floorball Championships]]
[[Category:2000 in floorball|Mens World Floorball Championships, 2000]]
[[Category:Sports festivals in Norway|Floorball]]

[[cs:Mistrovství světa ve florbale 2000]]
[[de:Unihockey-Weltmeisterschaft 2000]]
[[no:Innebandy-VM 2000]]
[[fi:Salibandyn maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 2000]]
[[sv:Världsmästerskapet i innebandy för herrar 2000]]

1739 in Canada

2011-07-05T14:49:52Z

Boxplot: /* Events */

Events from the year '''1739 in Canada'''.

{{TOCRight}}

==Events==
* [[Joseph La France]] begins to explore between [[Lake Superior]] and [[Hudson Bay]].
* [[Census]] of [[New France]] counts 42,801 inhabitants<ref>{{cite web|url=http://estat.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-win/cnsmcgi.exe?Lang=e&ESTATFile=/ESTAT/English/A17394.HTM|title=1739 - Census of New France|work=Statistics Canada}}</ref>

==Births==
* February 23: [[Jean-François Hubert]], bishop of Quebec (d. [[1797 in Canada|1797]])
* August: [[Alexander Henry (the elder)|Alexander Henry]], fur trader, merchant, militia officer, jp, and author (d. [[1824 in Canada|1824]])

==Deaths==
* May 19: [[Marie Barbier de l'Assomption]], sister of the Congrégation de Notre-Dame
* [[Thomas Bird (fur trader)|Thomas Bird]], HBC chief at Albany Fort

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Canada early year nav}}

[[Category:1739 by country|Canada]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in Canada|39]]
[[Category:1739 in Canada| ]]

{{canada-hist-stub}}

[[fr:1739 au Canada]]

César Delgado

2011-07-05T14:49:11Z

Boxplot: /* Career statisics */

{{Infobox Football biography 2
|playername=César Delgado
|image=
|fullname=César Fabián Delgado Godoy
|height={{height|m=1.74}}
|dateofbirth={{birth date and age|1981|08|18}}
|cityofbirth=[[Rosario]]
|countryofbirth=[[Argentina]]
|position=[[Midfielder#Winger|Winger]], [[Attacking midfielder]]
|currentclub=[[CF Monterrey|Monterrey]]
|clubnumber=19
|years1=2001–2003
|years2=2003–2008
|years3=2008–2011
|years4=2011-
|clubs1=[[Rosario Central]]
|clubs2=[[C.D.S.C. Cruz Azul|Cruz Azul]]
|clubs3=[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]
|clubs4=[[CF Monterrey|Monterrey]]
|caps1=65
|caps2=151
|caps3=72
|goals1=14
|goals2=61
|goals3=7
|nationalyears1=2003–2005
|nationalteam1=[[Argentina national football team|Argentina]]
|nationalcaps1=20
|nationalgoals1=2
|pcupdate=17 April 2010
|ntupdate=
}}
'''César Fabián Delgado Godoy''' (born August 18, 1981 in [[Rosario]]) is an Argentine [[Association football|footballer]]. He plays for [[CF Monterrey|Monterrey]]. His nickname ''"El Chelito"'' is derived from that of [[Marcelo Delgado]] (known as "El Chelo") because of their same last name.

==Career==
Delgado started his career in [[Rosario Central]].

Delgado joined Cruz Azul for the [[Primera División de México Apertura 2003|2003 Apertura]], where he finished with 16 appearances and eight goals. Delgado made 21 appearances in the subsequent [[Apertura]], again notching eight goals. In the [[Primera División de México Apertura 2004|2004 Apertura]], Delgado scored another six goals in 15 games.
On 8 January 2008 he was sold to French giants Lyon for 11,000,000 euros.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/ucl/news/kind=1/newsid=644088.html|title=Lyon ready to recruit Delgado|publisher=UEFA.com|date=2008-01-08|accessdate=2008-01-09}}</ref>
Delgado made his [[Ligue 1]] debut on January 20, 2008 against [[RC Lens]]. Delgado came on as a 85th minute substitute for Lyon teammate [[Lisandro Lopez]] on October 21, 2009 against [[Liverpool FC]] in the [[2009-10_UEFA_Champions_League#Group_E|UEFA Champions League]] group stage week 3 match and scored an important 90th minute winner after only being on the pitch for 5 minutes to help his team comeback from a goal down and settle the score at 2–1 to Lyon. This is an important moment for him and his team because this was Lyon's first win in the UEFA Champions League against English opposition.

On 10 June 2011, Delgado was sold to [[CF Monterrey]], where he will participate in the 2011 Mexican League Apertura, CONCACAF Champions League and Club World Cup tournaments.

===International career===
Delgado played several matches for the [[Argentina national football team]] during its 2006 World Cup Qualifying campaign. However, due to injury Delgado did not make the 23-man roster for the 2006 World Cup. "El Chelito" also played for the team in the [[Copa América 2004]], scoring one goal, and was part of the [[Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics|gold medal]] winning Argentinian team at the [[2004 Summer Olympics]].

==Career statistics==
{| class="wikitable"
|-----
! Season
! Club
! Country
! Competition
! Matches
! Goals
|-----
| [[2001–02 Argentine Primera División|2001-2002]]|| [[Rosario Central]] || {{ARG}} || [[Primera División Argentina]] || 27 || 3
|-----
| [[2002–03 Argentine Primera División|2002-2003]]|| [[Rosario Central]] || {{ARG}} || [[Primera División Argentina]] || 38 || 11
|-----
| 2003-2004 || [[Cruz Azul]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 37(29) || 16(12)
|-----
| 2004-2005 || [[Cruz Azul]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 33(29) || 16(14)
|-----
| 2005-2006 || [[Cruz Azul]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 38(32) || 18(18)
|-----
| 2006-2007 || [[Cruz Azul]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 27(25) || 7(7)
|-----
| 2007-2008 || [[Cruz Azul]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 14 || 3
|-----
| [[2007-08 Ligue 1|2007-2008]]|| [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]] || {{FRA}} || [[Ligue 1]] || 7 || 0
|-----
| [[2008-09 Ligue 1|2008-2009]]|| [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]] || {{FRA}} || [[Ligue 1]] || 31(19) || 3(2)
|-----
| [[2009-10 Ligue 1|2009-2010]]|| [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]] || {{FRA}} || [[Ligue 1]] || 36(27) || 5(4)
|-----
| [[2010-11 Ligue 1|2010-2011]]|| [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]] || {{FRA}} || [[Ligue 1]] || 11 || 0
|-----
| 2011-2012 || [[CF Monterrey]] || {{MEX}} || [[Primera División de México]] || 0(0) || 0(0)
|-----
|colspan=4| '''Total''' || '''278''' || '''80'''
|}

==National team statistics==
{{Football player national team statistics|ARG}}
|-
|2003||5||1
|-
|2004||11||1
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
!Total||20||2
|}

===Honours===
{{MedalTop}}
{{MedalCountry|{{ARG}}}}
{{MedalSport | Men's [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Football]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Athens]] | [[Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics|Team Competition]]}}
{{MedalBottom}}

* [[Olympic Games]]: [[2004 Summer Olympics|2004]] with [[Argentina national football team]].
* [[Ligue 1]] Winner : [[Ligue 1 season 2007/2008|2007/08]] with [[Olympique Lyonnais]].
* [[Copa Panamericana 2007]] : with [[Cruz Azul]].
* [[Coupe de France 2007-2008]]: with [[Olympique Lyonnais]].

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{nfteams|297}}
*[http://soccer-stats.irishtimes.com/?Lang=0&CTID=23&CPID=61&pStr=Player&PLID=63051&TEID=578 Career details] at [[Irish Times]]
*[http://www.goal.com/en-us/Articolo.aspx?ContenutoId=528865 Profile] at goal.com
*[http://www.footbalistic.com/en/players/365/cesar_delgado Profile and Stats] at Footbalistic {{en}}
*[http://www.recontragolazo.com/?p=648 Video compilation] at Recontra Golazo
*{{Medio Tiempo|idj=15}}

{{Navboxes colour
|title= Argentina squads
|bg= #75aadb
|fg= white
|bordercolor= silver
|list1=
{{Argentina squad 2004 Copa América}}
{{Argentina Squad 2004 Summer Olympics}}
{{Argentina Squad Confederations Cup 2005}}
}}
{{Olympique Lyonnais squad}}

{{Persondata
|NAME=Delgado, César
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Argentine [[football (soccer)|footballer]]
|DATE OF BIRTH=August 18, 1981
|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Rosario]]
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Delgado, Cesar}}
[[Category:Argentine footballers]]
[[Category:1981 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Olympic footballers of Argentina]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medalists for Argentina]]
[[Category:Argentina international footballers]]
[[Category:Association football forwards]]
[[Category:Footballers at the 2004 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:2004 Copa América players]]
[[Category:2005 FIFA Confederations Cup players]]
[[Category:Rosario Central footballers]]
[[Category:Cruz Azul footballers]]
[[Category:People from Rosario]]
[[Category:Olympique Lyonnais players]]
[[Category:Ligue 1 players]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate footballers]]
[[Category:Primera División Argentina players]]
[[Category:Primera División de México players]]
[[Category:Expatriate footballers in France]]
[[Category:Expatriate footballers in Mexico]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate sportspeople in France]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Mexico]]
[[Category:Olympic medalists in football]]

[[ar:سيزار ديلغادو]]
[[ca:César Delgado]]
[[da:César Delgado]]
[[de:César Delgado]]
[[es:César Delgado]]
[[fr:César Delgado]]
[[it:César Delgado]]
[[nl:César Delgado]]
[[ja:セサル・デルガド]]
[[pl:César Delgado]]
[[pt:César Delgado]]
[[ru:Дельгадо, Сесар]]
[[sl:César Delgado]]
[[fi:César Delgado]]
[[tr:César Delgado]]
[[zh:塞薩爾·德爾加多]]

List of most consecutive starts and games played by NFL players

2011-07-05T14:48:11Z

Boxplot: /* Offensive skilled consecutive starts */

[[Image:BrettFavre.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Brett Favre]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL player.]]
This is a list of the '''most consecutive starts and games played''' by a player by position in the [[National Football League|NFL]].<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken">[http://espn.go.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/30418/double-coverage-favre-vs-ripken ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken]</ref><ref name="Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football">[http://www0.nfl.packers.com/news/releases/2004/11/24/2/ Packers.com: Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football]</ref>

[[Brett Favre|Brett Favre's]] starts streak of 297 games is the longest all-time.<ref name="271 starts">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812bff3a&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true| title=Vikings QB Favre 'grateful' after his NFL-record 271st start in a row| accessdate= 2009-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d81ce178f/article/favres-consecutive-start-streak-comes-to-an-end-at-297?module=HP_headlines| title=Favre's consecutive start streak comes to an end at 297| accessdate= 2010-12-14}}</ref> Among defensive players, [[Jim Marshall (American football)|Jim Marshall's]] starts streak of 270 is the longest all-time.<ref name="271 starts">[http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812bff3a&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true NFL.com: Vikings QB Favre 'grateful' after his NFL-record 271st start in a row]</ref>

Of special note is punter [[Jeff Feagles]], who played in 352 consecutive games which is the longest of all-time for a special teams player.<ref>[http://www.profootballhof.com/story/2005/12/6/1884/ Feagles feat recognized]</ref> Special teams players are not credited with starts in the NFL.<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jefffeagles/gamelogs?id=FEA207645&season=2009 | title=Jeff Feagles - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref>

[[Ronde Barber]] is the most recent player to surpass someone at his position for consecutive starts, having bested [[Dick LeBeau]]'s previous mark for cornerbacks in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxsportsflorida.com/10/18/10/Tampa-Bay-secondary-burned-again/landing_bucs.html?blockID=333681&feedID=6913|title=Tampa Bay secondary burned again|accessdate =2010-12-03}}</ref>

==All-time consecutive starts streaks==
''Updated through the 2010 season''

'''''Bold''' denotes an active streak''

===Consecutive games started leader board===
[[Image:AlanPage.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Alan Page]] started 215 consecutive games with Minnesota and Chicago.]][[Image:Manning cropped.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Peyton Manning]] is the most recent player to achieve 200 consecutive starts by an NFL player.]]
''Minimum 200 consecutive regular season starts''<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football">{{cite web | work=Packers.com | url=http://www0.nfl.packers.com/news/releases/2004/11/24/2/ | title=Iron-Man Favre To Make 200th Consecutive Start As Packers-Rams Clash On Monday Night Football | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Statesman.com | url=http://www.statesman.com/sports/pro/nfl-iron-man-brett-favre-finally-sits-one-1118539.html | title=NFL Iron Man Brett Favre finally sits one out | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Rank
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Pos
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|1
|[[Brett Favre]]<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/brettfavre/gamelogs?id=FAV540222&season=2010| title=Brett Favre - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-14}}</ref><ref name="Brett Favre set for tests with streak over">{{cite web | work=ESPN.com | url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=5916329| title=Brett Favre set for tests with streak over | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|QB
|9/27/1992 – 12/5/2010
|[[Green Bay Packers|Green Bay]]; [[New York Jets|NY Jets]]; [[Minnesota Vikings|Minnesota]]
|297
|24
|321
|-
|2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Marshall (American football)|Jim Marshall]]<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimmarshall/gamelogs?id=MAR425940&season=1979 | title=Jim Marshall - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref><ref name="Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d812e82b1&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true | title=Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref>
|DE
|9/17/1961 – 12/16/1979
|Minnesota
|270
|19
|289
|-
|3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Mick Tingelhoff]]<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/micktingelhoff/gamelogs?id=TIN092287&season=1978 | title=Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff">{{cite web | work=Huskers.com | url=http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=100&ATCLID=1477961 | title=No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|C
|9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978
|Minnesota
|240
|19
|259
|-
|4
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bruce Matthews (American football)|Bruce Matthews]]<ref name="Bruce Matthews - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/brucematthews/gamelogs?id=MAT532814&season=2001 | title=Bruce Matthews - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="Iron Man Matthews earns his bronze bust in Canton">{{cite web | work=USA Today | url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2007-08-02-bruce-matthews_N.htm | title=Iron Man Matthews earns his bronze bust in Canton | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
||[[Lineman (American football)|OL]]
|11/29/1987 – 1/6/2002
|[[Tennessee Titans|Houston/Tennessee]]
|229
|15
|244
|-
|5
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Will Shields]]<ref name="Will Shields - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/willshields/gamelogs?id=SHI231768&season=2006 | title=Will Shields - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="Carl Peterson on Will Shields">{{cite web | work=KCChiefs.com | url=http://staff2.kcchiefs.com/news/2007/04/16/carl_peterson_on_will_shields_r/ | title=Carl Peterson on Will Shields | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|RG
|9/12/1993 – 12/31/2006
|[[Kansas City Chiefs|Kansas City]]
|223
|8
|231
|-
|6
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alan Page]]<ref name="Alan Page - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/alanpage/gamelogs?id=PAG332232&season=1981 | title=Alan Page - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="A Page Out Of NFL History">{{cite web | work=Sports Illustrated | url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1125124/index.htm | title=A Page Out Of NFL History | accessdate= 201-1-13}}</ref>
|DT
|10/8/1967 – 12/20/1981
|Minnesota; [[Chicago Bears|Chicago]]
|215
|19
|234
|-
|7
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Otto]]<ref name="Jim Otto - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimotto/gamelogs?id=OTT553720&season=1974 | title=Jim Otto - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="JIM OTTO">{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of Fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=169 | title=HOF: JIM OTTO | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|C
|9/11/1960 – 12/14/1974
|[[Oakland Raiders|Oakland]]
|210
|13
|223
|-
|8T
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Derrick Brooks]]<ref name="Derrick Brooks - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/derrickbrooks/gamelogs?id=BRO122327&season=2008 | title=Derrick Brooks - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL">{{cite web | work=TBO.com | url=http://www2.tbo.com/content/2010/aug/11/111124/ex-buc-derrick-brooks-announces-retirement-nfl/ | title=Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LB
|9/1/1996 – 12/28/2008
|[[Tampa Bay Buccaneers|Tampa Bay]]||208||11||219
|-
|'''8T'''
|'''[[Peyton Manning]]'''<ref name="Peyton Manning - Profile">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/peytonmanning/profile?id=MAN515097 | title=Peyton Manning - Profile
| accessdate= 2007-12-26}}</ref>
|'''QB'''
|'''9/6/1998 – present'''
|'''[[Indianapolis Colts|Indianapolis]]
|'''208'''
|'''19'''
|'''227'''
|-
|10
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gene Upshaw]]<ref name="Gene Upshaw - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/geneupshaw/gamelogs?id=UPS276861&season=1981 | title=Gene Upshaw - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref name="GENE UPSHAW">{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of Fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=220 | title=HOF: GENE UPSHAW | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LG
|9/10/1967 – 10/4/1981
|Oakland
|207
|24
|231
|-
|11
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Randall McDaniel]]<ref name="Randall McDaniel - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/randallmcdaniel/gamelogs?id=MCD118650&season=2001 | title=Randall McDaniel - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-11}}</ref><ref name="RANDALL MCDANIEL">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=274 | title=HOF: RANDALL MCDANIEL | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|LG
|10/22/1989 – 1/6/2002
|Minnesota; Tampa Bay
|202
|16
|218
|-
|}

===Consecutive games played leader board===
[[Image:!Jeff Feaglesl.JPG|alt=|thumb|right|[[Jeff Feagles]], the all-time leader in consecutive games played by an NFL player.]]
[[Image:Bill Romanowski.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Bill Romanowski]] played in 243 consecutive regular season games from 1988 to 2003.]]
''Minimum 225 consecutive regular season games played''<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Feagles' retirement kick ricochets">[http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/giants/2006-09-01-feagles_x.htm Feagles' retirement kick ricochets]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Rank
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Pos
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Games
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|1
|[[Jeff Feagles]]<ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games">{{cite web | work=The Gaea Times | url=http://sports.gaeatimes.com/2010/04/30/giants-punter-jeff-feagles-retires-after-22-seasons-and-record-352-consecutive-games-97799/ | title=Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|P
|9/4/1988 – 1/3/2010
|[[New England Patriots|New England]]; [[Philadelphia Eagles|Philadelphia]]; [[Arizona Cardinals|Arizona]]; [[Seattle Seahawks|Seattle]]; [[New York Giants|NY Giants]]
|352
|11
|363
|-
|2
|Brett Favre<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs"/><ref name="Favre's starts streak ends at 297">{{cite web | work=ESPN.com | url=http://espn.go.com/blog/statsinfo/post/_/id/13959/favres-start-streaks-ends-at-297| title=Favre's starts streak ends at 297 | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|QB
|9/13/1992 – 12/5/2010
|Green Bay; NY Jets; Minnesota
|299
|24
|323
|-
|3
|style="text-align:left;"|Jim Marshall<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Feagles tops Marshall’s record for consecutive games played">{{cite web | work=Spokesman-Review | url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2005/nov/28/giants-punter-feagles-tops-marshalls-record-for/ | title=Giants punter Feagles tops Marshall’s record for consecutive games played | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|DE
|9/25/1960 – 12/16/1979
|[[Cleveland Browns|Cleveland]]; Minnesota
|282
|19
|301
|-
|4
|[[Morten Andersen]]<ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/mortenandersen/gamelogs?id=AND020258&season=2002 | title=Morten Andersen - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref name="No. 7 Morten Andersen">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.nosaintshistory.com/bios/Morten_Andersen.htm| title=No. 7 Morten Andersen | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|K
|10/25/1987 – 12/15/2002
|[[New Orleans Saints|New Orleans]]; [[Atlanta Falcons|Atlanta]]; NY Giants; Kansas City
|248
|8
|256
|-
|5
|[[Chris Gardocki]]<ref name="Chris Gardocki - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/chrisgardocki/gamelogs?id=GAR211558&season=2006 | title=Chris Gardocki - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="Chris Gardocki Statistics">{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/G/GardCh20.htm | title=Chris Gardocki Statistics | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|P
|11/28/1991 – 12/31/2006
|Chicago; Indianapolis; Cleveland; [[Pittsburgh Steelers|Pittsburgh]]
|244
|14
|258
|-
|6
|[[Bill Romanowski]]<ref name="Bill Romanowski - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/billromanowski/gamelogs?id=ROM323001&season=2003 | title=Bill Romanowski - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref><ref name="Q&A with Bill Romanowski">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.sportingnews.com/nfl/story/2009-08-16/qa-bill-romanowski-misses-intensity-preparing-for-game| title=Q&A with Bill Romanowski | accessdate= 2011-01-27}}</ref>
|LB
|9/4/1988 – 9/22/2003
|[[San Francisco 49ers|San Francisco]]; Philadelphia; [[Denver Broncos|Denver]]; Oakland
|243
|28
|271
|-
|7
|style="text-align:left;"|Mick Tingelhoff<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff"/>
|C
|9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978
|Minnesota
|240
|19
|259
|-
|8T
|[[Jim Bakken]]<ref name="Jim Bakken - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimbakken/gamelogs?id=BAK800901&season=1978 | title=Jim Bakken - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="NFL Ironmen">{{cite web | work=SFGate.com | url=http://articles.sfgate.com/1995-09-08/sports/17814792_1_streaks-players-strike-games| title=NFL Ironmen | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|11/25/1962 – 12/17/1978
|[[Arizona Cardinals|St. Louis]]
|234
|2
|236
|-
|8T
|[[Gary Anderson (placekicker)|Gary Anderson]]<ref name="Gary Anderson - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/garyanderson/gamelogs?id=AND273108&season=2001 | title=Gary Anderson - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="Gary Anderson Statistics">{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/A/andergar02.htm| title=Gary Anderson Statistics | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|10/25/1987 – 1/7/2002
|Pittsburgh; Philadelphia; San Francisco; Minnesota
|234
|17
|251
|-
|10
|style="text-align:left;"|Bruce Matthews<ref name="Bruce Matthews - Game Logs"/><ref name="TSHOF: Matthews, Bruce">{{cite web | work=Texas Sports Hall of Fame | url=http://www.tshof.org/inductees/index.html?staff_id=193| title=TSHOF:Matthews, Bruce | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
||OL
|11/29/1987 – 1/6/2002
|Houston/Tennessee
|232
|15
|247
|-
|11
|[[Jim Turner (placekicker)|Jim Turner]]<ref name="Jim Turner - Game Logs">{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimturner/gamelogs?id=TUR415288&season=1979 | title=Jim Turner - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref><ref name="New York Jets Famous Players: Jim Turner">{{cite web | work=FootballJets.com | url=http://footballjets.com/famous-players/| title=New York Jets Famous Players: Jim Turner | accessdate= 2011-02-11}}</ref>
|K
|9/12/1964 – 12/17/1979
|NY Jets; Denver
|228
|8
|236
|-
|}

===Offensive skilled consecutive starts===
[[Image:Walter-payton-1-sized.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Walter Payton]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL running back.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Quarterback]]
|Brett Favre<ref name="Brett Favre - Game Logs"/><ref name="Brett Favre set for tests with streak over"/>
|9/27/1992 – 12/5/2010
|Green Bay; NY Jets; Minnesota
|297
|24
|321
|-
|[[Wide receiver]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tim Brown (American football)|Tim Brown]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/timbrown/gamelogs?id=BRO736644&season=2003 | title=Tim Brown - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BrowTi00.htm | title=Tim Brown Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||12/14/1992 – 12/7/2003||LA/Oakland ||176||9||185
|-
|[[Halfback (American football)|Running back]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Walter Payton]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/walterpayton/gamelogs?id=PAY738296&season=1987 | title=Walter Payton - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=SignOnSanDiego.com | url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/sports/nfl/20040719-1914-fbn-titans-george.html | title=George rejects Titans' latest offer, asks for release | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||12/7/1975 – 9/20/1987||Chicago ||170||8||178
|-
|[[Tight end]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tony Gonzalez (tight end)|Tony Gonzalez]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/tonygonzalez/gamelogs?id=GON587645&season=2006 | title=Tony Gonzalez - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Bleacher Report | url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/549467-atlanta-falcons-tony-gonzalez-adds-another-nfl-record-to-his-resume | title=Atlanta Falcons' Tony Gonzalez Adds Another NFL Record To His Resume | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/19/1999 – 11/12/2006||Kansas City ||120||1||121
|-
|[[Fullback (American football)|Fullback]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Brown]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jimbrown/careerstats?id=BRO483276 | title=Jim Brown - Career Stats | accessdate= 2010-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BrowJi00.htm | title=Jim Brown Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/29/1957 – 12/19/1965||Cleveland ||118||4||122
|-
|}

===Offensive linemen consecutive starts===
[[Image:Jon Runyan 080528-F-8730G-003 crop.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Jon Runyan]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by an NFL right tackle.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Center (American football)|Center]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Mick Tingelhoff<ref name="Mick Tingelhoff - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 51 Mick Tingelhoff"/> ||9/16/1962 – 12/17/1978||Minnesota||240||19||259
|-
|[[Guard (American football)|Right guard]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Will Shields<ref name="Will Shields - Game Logs"/><ref name="Carl Peterson on Will Shields"/> ||9/12/1993 – 12/31/2006||Kansas City||223||8||231
|-
|[[Guard (American football)|Left guard]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Gene Upshaw<ref name="Gene Upshaw - Game Logs"/><ref name="GENE UPSHAW"/> ||9/10/1967 – 10/4/1981||Oakland||207||24||231
|-
|[[Left tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Dieken]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/dougdieken/gamelogs?id=DIE346075&season=1984 | title=Doug Dieken - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Ohio.com | url=http://www.ohio.com/sports/40484647.html | title=Pat's Beside the Point | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||11/21/1971 – 12/16/1984||Cleveland ||194||4||198
|-
|[[Right tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jon Runyan]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/jonrunyan/gamelogs?id=RUN804626&season=2008 | title=Jon Runyan - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Delco Times | url=http://www.delcotimes.com/articles/2009/09/11/sports/doc4aa93687ebd01541631093.txt | title=Shawn Andrews out; Eagles work out Jon Runyan | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||8/31/1997 – 12/28/2008||Tennessee; Philadelphia||192||21||213
|-
|}

===Defensive linemen consecutive starts===
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Defensive end]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Jim Marshall<ref name="Jim Marshall - Game Logs"/><ref name="Former Viking Marshall congratulates Favre on iron-man record"/> ||9/17/1961 – 12/16/1979||Minnesota||270||19||289
|-
|[[Defensive tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Alan Page<ref name="Alan Page - Game Logs"/><ref name="A Page Out Of NFL History"/> ||10/8/1967 – 12/20/1981||Minnesota; Chicago||215||19||234
|-
|[[Nose tackle]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Fred Smerlas]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/fredsmerlas/gamelogs?id=SME664464&season=1987 | title=Fred Smerlas - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Sports Illustrated | url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1067984/index.htm | title=A Wild And Crazy Guy | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/7/1980 – 9/20/1987||[[Buffalo Bills|Buffalo]]||107||3||110
|-
|}

===Linebackers consecutive starts===
[[Image:Derrick Brooks with 2006 Pro Bowl MVP trophy 060210-N-4856G-129.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Derrick Brooks]], the all-time leader in consecutive starts by a linebacker.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Linebacker]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Derrick Brooks<ref name="Derrick Brooks - Game Logs"/><ref name="Ex-Buc Derrick Brooks officially retires from NFL"/> ||9/1/1996 – 12/28/2008||Tampa Bay||208||11||219
|-
|}

===Defensive backs consecutive starts===
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Starts
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|'''[[Cornerback]]'''
|'''[[Ronde Barber]]'''<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/rondebarber/profile?id=BAR048197| title=Ronde Barber - Profile | accessdate= 2010-11-11}}</ref>
|'''11/21/1999 – present'''
|'''Tampa Bay'''
|'''183'''
|'''9'''
|'''192'''
|-
|[[Safety (American football position)|Safety]]<ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WoodWi00.htm | title=Willie Wood Statistics:Right Safety-Left Safety-Free Safety | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Willie Wood (American football)|Willie Wood]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/williewood/gamelogs?id=WOO174852&season=1971 | title=Willie Wood - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro Football Hall of fame | url=http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=235 | title=HOF: WILLIE WOOD | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/17/1961 – 12/19/1971||Green Bay||154||9||163
|-
|[[Strong Safety]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bill Thompson (American football)|Bill Thompson]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/billthompson/gamelogs?id=THO733502&season=1981 | title=Bill Thompson - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-11-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/ThomBi01.htm | title=Bill Thompson Statisics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/16/1973 – 12/20/1981||Denver||134||5||139
|-
|[[Free Safety]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Darryl Williams (American football)|Darryl Williams]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/darrylwilliams/gamelogs?id=WIL207591&season=1998 | title=Darryl Williams - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WillDa03.htm | title=Darryl Williams Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||10/11/1992 – 12/27/1998||[[Cincinnati Bengals|Cincinnati]]; Seattle||108||0||108
|-
|}

===Special teams consecutive games played===
[[Image:Ethan-Albright.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|[[Ethan Albright]], the all-time leader in consecutive games played by an NFL long snapper.]]
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Position
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Player
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Period
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Teams
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Consecutive Games
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Playoffs
!style="background: #e3e3e3;"|Total
|-
|[[Punter (football)|Punter]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Jeff Feagles<ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Giants punter Jeff Feagles retires after 22 seasons and record 352 consecutive games"/> ||9/4/1988 – 1/3/2010||New England; Philadelphia; Arizona; Seattle; NY Giants||352||11||363
|-
|[[Placekicker|Kicker]]
|style="text-align:left;"|Morten Andersen<ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs"/><ref name="No. 7 Morten Andersen">{{cite web | work=New Orleans Saints History | url=http://www.nosaintshistory.com/bios/Morten_Andersen.htm | title=No. 7 Morten Andersen | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||10/25/1987 – 12/15/2002||New Orleans; Atlanta; NY Giants; Kansas City||248||8||256
|-
|[[Long snapper]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ethan Albright]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/ethanalbright/gamelogs?id=ALB637766&season=2009 | title=Ethan Albright - Game Logs | accessdate= 2011-01-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Redskins.com | url=http://www.redskins.com/gen/players/Ethan_Albright.jsp | title=Ethan Albright Bio | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/1/1996 – 1/3/2010||Buffalo; [[Washington Redskins|Washington]]||224||6||230
|-
|[[Kickoff returner|Kick]]/[[Punt returner|Punt]] [[Return specialist|returner]]
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Carl Roaches]]<ref>{{cite web | work=NFL.com | url=http://www.nfl.com/players/carlroaches/gamelogs?id=ROA593270&season=1984 | title=Carl Roaches - Game Logs | accessdate= 2010-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | work=Pro-Football-Reference.com | url=http://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/R/RoacCa00.htm | title=Carl Roaches Statistics | accessdate= 2011-01-13}}</ref> ||9/7/1980 – 12/16/1984||[[Tennessee Titans|Houston]]||73||1||74
|-
|}

Note: Games played by special teams players such as kickers and punters are not recognized officially as starts by the NFL.<ref name="ESPN.com: Double Coverage: Favre vs. Ripken"/><ref name="Jeff Feagles - Game Logs"/><ref name="Morten Andersen - Game Logs"/>

== See also ==
*[[Most consecutive starts by a quarterback (NFL)]]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Most Consecutive Starts}}
[[Category:National Football League lists]]
[[Category:American football records and statistics]]

[[ja:NFLのクォーターバック連続先発出場記録]]

Bambang Pamungkas

2011-06-30T16:04:45Z

Boxplot: /* Club Statistics */ typo

{{BLP sources|date=November 2010}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Bambang Pamungkas
| fullname = Bambang Pamungkas
| image =
| caption =
| height = {{height|m=1.70}}
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Striker]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|6|10}}
| cityofbirth = [[Semarang]], [[Central Java]]
| countryofbirth = [[Indonesia]]<ref>[http://bambangpamungkas20.com/profil.php Profile at his official website (Indonesian)]</ref>
| currentclub = [[Persija Jakarta]]
| clubnumber = 20
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 =
| years1 = 1999–2000
| clubs1 = [[Persija Jakarta]]
| caps1 = 30
| goals1 = 24
| years2 = 2000–2001
| clubs2 = [[EHC Norad]]
| caps2 = 10
| goals2 = 8
| years3 = 2001–2004
| clubs3 = [[Persija Jakarta]]
| caps3 = 96
| goals3 = 56
| years4 = 2005–2006
| clubs4 = [[Selangor FA]]
| caps4 = 49
| goals4 = 44
| years5 = 2007–
| clubs5 = [[Persija Jakarta]]
| caps5 = 88
| goals5 = 62
| nationalyears1 = 1999–
| nationalteam1 = {{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Indonesia national football team|Indonesia]]
| nationalcaps1 = 76
| nationalgoals1 = 34
| pcupdate =
| ntupdate = December 30, 2010
}}

'''Bambang Pamungkas''' is an [[Indonesia]]n [[Association football|footballer]] who currently plays for [[Persija Jakarta]] in the [[Indonesian Super League]] and the [[Indonesia national football team]].His natural position is central forward. Pamungkas made his name in South East Asian football when he scored the lone goal for Indonesia at the 2002 [[Tiger Cup]] semifinal against [[Malaysia]], and he become top scorer in the tournament with 8 goals. He is the most capped player and top scorer in the [[Indonesia national football team]] with 76 caps and 34 goals.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/pamungkas-intl.html |title=Bambang Pamungkas - Goals in International Matches |author=Mamrud, Robert; Widigdo, Novianto |publisher=RSSSF |accessdate=2011-06-15 }}</ref>

==Club career==
Bambang Pamungkas spent most of his playing career in Indonesia before joining [[EHC Norad]] in the Dutch third Division for 1 season.

In 2005 he received an offer to play in the Malaysian Football League with [[Selangor FA]]. He completed the transfer to Malaysia along with national team-mate [[Elie Aiboy]]. In his first season in Malaysia, he won the [[Premier League Malaysia]], [[FA Cup Malaysia]], and [[Malaysia Cup]] and became the top-scorer with 24 goal in 24 matches in [[Malaysian Premier League]] with total of 42 goals in 4 competitions ([[Premier League Malaysia]], [[FA Cup Malaysia]], [[Malaysia Cup]], [[AFC Cup]]).

In 2010, he had a trial at [[Wellington Phoenix FC]] but failed to secure a contract.

Bambang has scored over 125 goals in [[Indonesian League|Liga Indonesia]]. But like Singaporean forward [[Indra Sahdan Daud]], he lost his national place to Foreign-born talent.

== International career==
Bambang made international debut in 1999 in a friendly match against Lithuania and has scored 36 goals. He was chosen Most Valuable Player in the 1996 Haornas Cup. He, with the Indonesian youth team, won the top-scorer in Asian Cup U-19 Group V, collecting 7 goals in the process.He is the top scorer of the Indonesia national football team. He was participated in three [[Asia Cup]],2000,2004 and 2007. He was the top scorer in the [[2002 Tiger Cup]] with 8 goals. Until the match against [[Sri Lanka]] in the 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification, Bambang has scored 18 goals in 35 appearances. However due to injury made him out of the Indonesian sruad for the [[2004 Tiger Cup]].He scored a goal against Bahrain in the [[2007 AFC Asian Cup]] in which his team won 2-1. He scored 2 more goals in the [[2008 AFF Suzuki Cup]]. One against Myanmar and one against Cambodia.
Pamungkas made his 33rd goal in AFF Suzuki Cup 2008 first round against Cambodia. He made the fourth goal for Indonesia's winning 4-0. It was his second goal of the tournament. The first goal came when played against Myanmar (3-0). He is the top goalscorer in the [[Indonesia national football team]].
In [[2010 AFF Suzuki Cup]] Pamungkas scored 2 goals in a match against Thailand, both of them from penalty kicks. He has scored a total of 12 goals in the [[ASEAN Football Championship]].

==International Goals==
{{Ig header|n=Bambang Pamungkas|ref=}}
{{Ig match
| n = 1
| d1 = 2 June 1999
| st = Valga Keskstaadion| ci=Valga, Estonia|Valga| co=
| o = Lithuania
| sc = 2–'''2'''
| fr = 2–2
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 2
| d1 = 2 August 1999
| st = Berakas Track and Field Complex| ci=Bandar Seri Begawan| co=Brunei
| o = Malaysia
| sc = '''3'''–0
| fr = 6–0
| comp=[[1999 South East Asian Games]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 3
| d1 = 2 August 1999
| st = Berakas Track and Field Complex| ci=Bandar Seri Begawan| co=Brunei
| o = Malaysia
| sc = '''4'''–0
| fr = 6–0
| comp=[[1999 South East Asian Games]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 4
| d1 = 30 October 1999
| st = | ci=Phnom Penh| co=Cambodia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = 0–'''2'''
| fr = 1–5
| comp=[[2000 AFC Asian Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 5
| d1 = 14 November 1999
| st = Senayan Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Hong Kong
| sc = '''3'''–1
| fr = 3–1
| comp=[[2000 AFC Asian Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 6
| d1 = 20 November 1999
| st = Senayan Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = '''6'''–1
| fr = 9–2
| comp=[[2000 AFC Asian Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 7
| d1 = 20 November 1999
| st = Senayan Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = '''7'''–2
| fr = 9–2
| comp=[[2000 AFC Asian Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 8
| d1 = 8 April 2001
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Maldives
| sc = '''5'''–0
| fr = 5–0
| comp=[[2002 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC First Round|2002 FIFA World Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 9
| d1 = 29 April 2001
| st = Phnom Penh National Olympic Stadium| ci=Phnom Penh| co=Cambodia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = 0–'''2'''
| fr = 0–2
| comp=[[2002 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC First Round|2002 FIFA World Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 10
| d1 = 17 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = '''2'''–2
| fr = 4–2
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 11
| d1 = 17 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = '''3'''–2
| fr = 4–2
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 12
| d1 = 17 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = '''4'''–2
| fr = 4–2
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 13
| d1 = 23 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Philippines
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 13–1
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 14
| d1 = 23 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Philippines
| sc = '''4'''–0
| fr = 13–1
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 15
| d1 = 23 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Philippines
| sc = '''5'''–0
| fr = 13–1
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 16
| d1 = 23 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Philippines
| sc = '''12'''–1
| fr = 13–1
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 17
| d1 = 27 December 2002
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Malaysia
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 1–0
| comp=[[2002 Tiger Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 18
| d1 = 12 February 2004
| st = Amman International Stadium| ci=Amman| co=Jordan
| o = Jordan
| sc = 0–'''1'''
| fr = 2–1
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 19
| d1 = 23 August 2006
| st = Shah Alam Stadium| ci=Shah Alam| co=Malaysia
| o = Malaysia
| sc = 0–'''1'''
| fr = 1–1
| comp=[[2006 Merdeka Tournament]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 20
| d1 = 1 June 2007
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Hong Kong
| sc = '''2'''–0
| fr = 3–0
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 21
| d1 = 21 June 2007
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Jamaica
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 2–1
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 22
| d1 = 21 June 2007
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Jamaica
| sc = '''2'''–1
| fr = 2–1
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 23
| d1 = 10 July 2007
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Bahrain
| sc = '''2'''–1
| fr = 2–1
| comp=[[2007 AFC Asian Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 24
| d1 = 25 April 2008
| st = Siliwangi Stadium| ci=Bandung| co=Indonesia
| o = Yemen
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 1–0
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 25
| d1 = 6 June 2008
| st = Gelora 10 November Stadium| ci=Surabaya| co=Indonesia
| o = Malaysia
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 1–1
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 26
| d1 = 11 June 2008
| st = Gelora 10 November Stadium| ci=Surabaya| co=Indonesia
| o = Vietnam
| sc = '''1'''–0
| fr = 1–0
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 27
| d1 = 21 August 2008
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = 0–'''7'''
| fr = 0–7
| comp=[[2008 Indonesia Independence Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 28
| d1 = 25 August 2008
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Myanmar
| sc = '''4'''–0
| fr = 4–0
| comp=[[2008 Indonesia Independence Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 29
| d1 = 5 December 2008
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Myanmar
| sc = '''3'''–0
| fr = 3–0
| comp=[[2008 AFF Suzuki Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 30
| d1 = 7 December 2008
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Cambodia
| sc = 0–'''4'''
| fr = 0–4
| comp=[[2008 AFF Suzuki Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 31
| d1 = 14 November 2009
| st = Al Kuwait Sports Club Stadium| ci=Kuwait City| co=Kuwait
| o = Kuwait
| sc = 0–'''1'''
| fr = 2–1
| comp=[[2011 AFC Asian Cup qualification]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 32
| d1 = 21 November 2010
| st = Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium| ci=Palembang| co=Indonesia
| o = Timor-Leste
| sc = '''5'''–0
| fr = 6–0
| comp=[[Exhibition game|Friendly]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 33
| d1 = 7 December 2010
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Thailand
| sc = '''1'''–1
| fr = 2-1
| comp=[[2010 AFF Suzuki Cup]]}}
{{Ig match
| n = 34
| d1 = 7 December 2010
| st = Gelora Bung Karno Stadium| ci=Jakarta| co=Indonesia
| o = Thailand
| sc = '''2'''–1
| fr = 2-1
| comp=[[2010 AFF Suzuki Cup]]}}
{{Ig footer}}

===Other international goals===
{| class="wikitable"
! # !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition
|-
| 1. || June 30, 2007 || [[Jakabaring Stadium]], [[Palembang]], [[Indonesia]] || {{flagicon|Liberia}} Liberia XI || 2-1 || Won || [[Exhibition match|Friendly]]
|-
| 2. || July 24, 2008 || [[Siliwangi Stadium]], [[Bandung]], [[Indonesia]] || {{flagicon|New Zealand}}[[New Zealand national under-23 football team|New Zealand U-23]] || 2-1 || Won || [[Exhibition match|Friendly]]
|-
| 3. || rowspan="2"| January 15, 2009 || rowspan="2"| [[Sultan Qaboos Sports Complex]], [[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]], [[Oman]] || rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Al Shabab]] || rowspan="2"| 3-2 || rowspan="2"| Won || rowspan="2"|[[Exhibition match|Friendly]]
|-
| 4.
|}

==Personal life==
Bambang is married to Tribuana Tungga Dewi and has 3 children, Salsa Alicia, Jane Abel and Syaura Abana. He has 6 siblings and he is the second youngest child out of 7 children.

==Public Figure==
As a public figure, Bambang Pamungkas is well known by starring in many product advertisement such as Biskuat, Ti Phone, [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]], Bodrex, and many more. He is the one of not many Indonesian Footballer who appeared in other scope except football.

==Honours==


===Club honors===
* Champion of [[Liga Indonesia Premier Division|Liga Indonesia]] : [[Persija Jakarta]] ([[1999–2000 Liga Indonesia Premier Division|1999-00]])
* Champion of [[Malaysia Premier League]] : [[Selangor FA]] ([[Premier League Malaysia 2005|2005]])
* Champion of [[Malaysia FA Cup]] : [[Selangor FA]] (2005)
* Champion of [[Malaysia Cup]] : [[Selangor FA]] (2005)

===Individual honors===
* [[Haornas Cup]] Most Valuable Player : (1996)
* [[Liga Indonesia Premier Division|Liga Indonesia]] Top Scorer : [[Persija Jakarta]] ([[1999–2000 Liga Indonesia Premier Division|1999-00]])
* [[Liga Indonesia Premier Division|Liga Indonesia]] Best player : [[Persija Jakarta]] ([[2001 Liga Indonesia Premier Division|2001]])
* [[2002 Tiger Cup]] Top scorer : [[Indonesia national football team|Indonesia]] (2002)
* [[Malaysia Cup]] Player of the Year : [[Selangor FA]] (2005)
* [[Copa Indonesia]] Best Player : [[Persija Jakarta]] (2007)

==Statistics==
===Club Statistics===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%; text-align: center;"
! Season
! Team
! Country
! Competition
! League
! Goals
! Cup
! Goals
! Total
! Goals
|-
| 1999-00
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Liga Indonesia]]
| 30
| 24
| –
| -
| 30
| 24
|-
| 2000-01
| [[EHC Norad]]
| {{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
| -
| 10
| 8
| -
| -
| 10
| 8
|-
| 2001
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Liga Indonesia]]
| 28
| 15
| -
| -
| 28
| 15
|-
| 2002
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Liga Indonesia]]
| 16
| 5
| -
| -
| 16
| 5
|-
| 2003
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Liga Indonesia]]
| 29
| 24
| -
| -
| 29
| 24
|-
| 2004
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Liga Indonesia]]
| 23
| 12
| -
| -
| 23
| 12
|-
| 2005
| [[Selangor FA]]
| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
| [[Malaysia Premier League]]
| -
| 23
| -
| -
| -
| 23
|-
| 2005-06
| [[Selangor FA]]
| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
| [[Malaysia Super League]]
| -
| 11
| -
| -
| -
| 11
|-
| 2007-08
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Indonesia Super League|Djarum ISL]]
| 33
| 17
| -
| 3
| -
| 20
|-
| 2008-09
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Indonesia Super League|Djarum ISL]]
| -
| 19
| -
| 2
| -
| 21
|-
| 2009-10
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Indonesia Super League|Djarum ISL]]
| 30
| 14
| -
| 5
| -
| 19
|-
| 2010-11
| [[Persija]]
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
| [[Indonesia Super League|Djarum ISL]]
| 25
| 12
| 0
| 0
| 25
| 12
|-
| overall
| -
| -
| -
| 224
| 184
| -
| -
| 268
| 194
|}
Note : This statistics is not 100% valid. Many data that have not been recorded

===National Team Statistics===
{| class="wikitable" align=center style="font-size:90%; text-align: center;"
|- style="background:beige"
!rowspan="2"|National Team
!rowspan="2"|Year
!colspan="2"|Total
|- style="background:beige"
!App
!Goals
|-
|rowspan="12" align=center valign=center|'''[[Indonesia national football team|Indonesia]]'''
|align="center"|1999
|align="center"|10
|align="center"|7
|-
|align="center"|2000
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|0
|-
|align="center"|2001
|align="center"|5
|align="center"|2
|-
|align="center"|2002
|align="center"|7
|align="center"|8
|-
|align="center"|2003
|align="center"|0
|align="center"|0
|-
|align="center"|2004
|align="center"|10
|align="center"|1
|-
|align="center"|2005
|align="center"|0
|align="center"|0
|-
|align="center"|2006
|align="center"|3
|align="center"|1
|-
|align="center"|2007
|align="center"|10
|align="center"|4
|-
|align="center"|2008
|align="center"|12
|align="center"|7
|-
|align="center"|2009
|align="center"|4
|align="center"|1
|-
|align="center"|2010
|align="center"|13
|align="center"|3
|- style="background:lemonchiffon"
! Total !!-!! 76 !! 34
|-
|}

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*{{id}} [http://www.bambangpamungkas20.com Official Website for Bambang Pamungkas]
*{{FIFA player|182474|Bambang Pamungkas}}
*[http://www.pssi-football.com/id/image/timnas_afc_2007/bepe.gif Picture]

{{Navboxes colour
|title= Indonesia Squads
|bg= #CE1126
|fg= White
|list1=
{{Indonesia squad 2000 AFC Asian Cup}}
{{Indonesia squad 2004 AFC Asian Cup}}
{{Indonesia Squad 2007 AFC Asian Cup}}
}}
{{Squad Persija Jakarta}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Pamungkas, Bambang
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = June 10, 1980
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Semarang]], [[Indonesia]]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pamungkas, Bambang}}
[[Category:1980 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indonesian footballers]]
[[Category:Indonesian international footballers]]
[[Category:Indonesian expatriate footballers]]
[[Category:Expatriate footballers in Malaysia]]
[[Category:Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Association football forwards]]
[[Category:2000 AFC Asian Cup players]]
[[Category:2004 AFC Asian Cup players]]
[[Category:2007 AFC Asian Cup players]]

[[ar:بامبانغ بامونغكاس]]
[[es:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[eu:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[fr:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[id:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[jv:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[ms:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[pl:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[pt:Bambang Pamungkas]]
[[fi:Bambang Pamungkas]]

Kasson Public School

2011-06-30T16:03:29Z

Boxplot: /* Recent Years */ typo

{{Infobox_nrhp | name = 1918 Kasson Public School
| nrhp_type =nrhp
| image = 2010-1025-KassonPublicSchool.JPG
| caption = [[Kasson Public School]], with the [[Kasson Water Tower]] in the background.
| location= 101 3rd Av NW, [[Kasson, Minnesota]]
| lat_degrees = 44
| lat_minutes = 1
| lat_seconds = 58
| lat_direction = N
| long_degrees = 92
| long_minutes = 45
| long_seconds = 8
| long_direction = W
| locmapin = Minnesota
| area =
| built =
| architect=
| architecture=
| added = December 6, 2007
| governing_body = Local
| refnum=07001242
}}

The '''Kasson Public School''' building is located at 101 Third Avenue NW in city of [[Kasson, Minnesota|Kasson]], [[Dodge County, Minnesota|Dodge County]], [[Minnesota]], in the [[United States]]. Designed by architect [[Nels S. Jacobson Jr.]] of the architectural firm [[Jacobson & Jacobson]], the school was constructed during the years 1917-1918. Kasson's elementary and high school students began using the building on December 5, 1918.<ref>''Dodge County Republican'', December 5, 1918.</ref>

==History==
===Early Years===
[[File:KassonPublicSchool2007.JPG|right|thumb|250px|Detail above entrance]]
The Kasson Public School was constructed during the years 1917-1918. Kasson's elementary and high school students began using the building on December 5, 1918.<ref>''Dodge County Republican'', December 5, 1918.</ref> [[Samuel A. Challman]], the first State Commissioner of Minnesota School Buildings and the foremost standard-bearer for the construction of Minnesota schools, expressed his approval of the school during a 1919 visit:

:"Mr. S.A. Challman, state inspector of school buildings, made the Kasson School a visit on Wednesday last and went into ecstasies over the structure erected here the past year. He says there is nothing equal to it in the state in the way of completeness and architectural design. He wanted a photo of it so that he could use it upon his letterheads. He stated that it was the first of its type - three separate units, connected with a corridor, to be built in the state, but said it would be an ideal pattern for others who could not resist the temptation when once they saw this model structure."<ref>''Dodge County Republican'', May 15, 1919.</ref>

Commissioner Challman made the following statement about schoolhouse construction in 1914 to the [[National Education Association]] of the United States:

:"We must not forget that our public-school buildings leave an indelible impress upon the minds of the children who attend them. Their very appearance is an education in itself, with which each community and the nation at large must reckon. We speak rightly of school architecture and must not forget that architecture is one of the fine arts. We have no more right to violate the established principles of architecture than we have to violate the principles of hygiene or pedagogy. Our duty is to harmonize the various factors which enter into the problem and out of the whole produce a result which shall embody all that is true with respect to hygiene, mental growth, and aesthetic values."<ref>National Education Association of the United States. (1914). ''Addresses and Proceedings'' (pp. 784-785).</ref>

The Kasson Public School was nominated to the [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/listings/20071214.HTM National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 2007]. The [[Kasson Water Tower]], also on the [[National Register of Historic Places]], is located behind the school. The school was one of the first in the state to provide a gymnasium for its students. It also included a large assembly room, space for agricultural and domestic science departments, and specially equipped rooms for chemistry and physics classes. For nearly ninety years the Kasson Public School played a central role in the life of the community. It served as Kasson’s only school building until 1958 after the school district merged with nearby Mantorville and combined high school classes were held at a new school north of town. It served as an elementary school for more than four decades after that. It eventually housed a variety of educational and administrative functions.

===Recent Years===
The school building’s future first emerged as an issue in 2005 when the Kasson-Mantorville School District moved the few programs remaining in the building to the district’s expansive campus north of town. Seeing an opportunity to meet its needs for additional space, and also to achieve a stated objective of “develop[ing] or redevelop[ing] the elementary school site to benefit the community and enhance the surrounding neighborhood if [the school district] discontinue[d] use for educational purposes,” the city retained Kane and Johnson Architects of Rochester to complete a Space Needs Study. The study, among other things, investigated the potential for reusing the school building or site to help meet the city’s long- and short-term facilities needs. As part of this study, Kane and Johnson prepared concept drawings and rough cost estimates showing how the 1918 school building could be converted into a multi-use public building housing city offices, the public library, and space for community gatherings. The Space Needs Study report recommended renonovating the school and stated that preserving the building would be more cost effective the building new. The estimated cost of the project was $3.9 million. With this information in hand the city acquired the 1918 building and site from the school district forgiving approximately $320,000 worth of assessments for infrastructure improvements at the expanding north school campus in exchange for the property. That transaction was completed in 2006.

In November 2006, the Kane and Johnson conceptual plan was submitted to local citizens in the form of a referendum. An earlier ballot proposed for a July 2009 special election was deemed illegal by the Minnesota Attorney General’s office. In the November election, voters were asked to decide if the city of Kasson should “be authorized to issue its general obligation bonds in an amount not to exceed $3,900,000 to defray the expense of the renovation, expansion and equipping of the former elementary school for city hall, library, or other governmental purposes.” The referendum failed by a narrow vote of 894 to 1,026. Despite the close vote and no clear mandate, a few weeks later the Kasson city council voted to demolish the building without further consultation with citizens.

In January 2007, a group of preservation-minded advocates from Kasson formed the Kasson Alliance for Restoration (KARE). KARE was formed as a non-profit organization dedicated to finding a way to rehabilitate rather than demolish the building as well as furthering historic preservation within Kasson. In light of the statistically tied vote from November 2006, KARE members lobbied unsuccessfully at numerous council meetings in April 2007 for the city council to reverse its demolition decision and further consult with citizens on the future of the school building to include using Kane and Johnson's expertise. The council chose to move ahead and announced they would open demolition bids in May. As a result KARE sued the city under provisions of the Minnesota Environmental Rights Act (MERA, which protects historic resources) in an effort to halt the demolition. The lawsuit was filed on the eve of the city opening demolition bids on May 23, 2007. After a hearing in June at which KARE’s attorney and the Cities' legal representative from the League of Minnesota Cities presented their cases, the Dodge County Court issued a temporary injunction prohibiting demolition and a trial was set for February 2008. KARE proceeded to have the school listed on the National Register of Historic Places in December 2007. More than a year of litigation followed during which the trial was postponed to August 2008 to give the two sides more time to negotiate.

In an effort to settle the lawsuit out of court and resolve the school issue, the city of Kasson and KARE, agreed in August 2008 to co-sponsor a Historic Properties Reuse Study of the Kasson School. The city issued a request for proposals (RFP) for the project in December 2008 and a contract for the project was awarded to a team assembled by John Lauber and Company of Minneapolis in the spring of 2009 (ironically, Kane and Johnson also bid on it). The RFP stated that the purpose of the study was “to define and evaluate reuse options regarding the 1918-era Kasson Elementary School and/or its site.”

The Reuse Study was jointly sponsored and funded primarily by the City of Kasson and the Kasson Alliance for Restoration (KARE). The study, which cost $30,000, was also funded in part by a grant to KARE for $2,500 from the National Trust for Historic Preservation and the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota (a SWEATT Grant). The reuse study was completed in collaboration with a School Reuse Action Committee (SCHRAC). SCHRAC was a nineteen-member advisory committee of area citizens, officials, and technical experts formed to assist the Lauber Team with the effort. The Lauber Team visited Kasson and toured the school in the spring of 2009. In June 2009, the team conducted extensive interviews with Kasson's citizens and conducted a community workshop followed by additional visits to Kasson later in the summer. A draft reuse study report was issued in September 2009 and the final report was published in October and presented to the City Council. The October 2009 Historic Properties Reuse Study Report and additional information can be viewed at: http://kassonschoolreuse.net/ or the Kasson Alliances' website at http://www.kassonalliance.org/ . The City of Kasson subsequently appointed a Citizen Task Force in November to investigate options for reusing the school.

The Task Force began meeting in January 2010 and its members distributed a survey in April 2010 to Kasson's residents. On Wednesday May 12, 2010 the Task Force presented the survey results to the City Council. The survey forms were distributed to Kasson’s residents thru multiple sources (utility bills, web, newspaper etc.). Over 5,000 people reside in Kasson and 581 forms were returned. 58% of the respondents favored rehabilitating/reusing the school. Suggested uses for the building include library (211), community center (173), government offices (74), office space (58), apartments/condos (55), and shopping/dining (10). Similar reuse ideas and rankings were generated during the June 2009 Reuse Study community workshops. One of the respondents indicated an interest in purchasing the building.

On June 9, 2010 the City of Kasson passed a resolution and proposal that offered the Kasson Alliance for Restoration (KARE) a 49% share in owning and maintaining the building provided KARE secured $3.9 million by August 31, 2011 whereupon the city would present a November 2011 referendum for $3.9 million ($7.8 mil total). The cities' proposal stated that any reuse identified for the building needed to include a library component. KARE responded to the proposal in a letter dated June 21 stating in summary: a) it was not within KARE's advocacy mission to own and maintain buildings and b) the required planning and coordination with the library board (a huge problem in past efforts) had not yet been done to fully formulate the reuse plan for the building. KARE stated that no one would sign the proposed agreement/partnership (with a very short time frame) given that the reuse plan was still in its infancy and had not been adopted by the building's owner (the city) or the library board. The city council subsequently reminded the library board that the cities' designated site for a new, larger library is the historic school site.

On August 4, 2010, KARE board members and volunteers attended the library board meeting to voice KARE's support for the libraries' quest for a larger facility and to answer questions about KARE’s mission. At the council meeting on August 25, Mayor Tim Tjosaas asked the council to form a Library Building Committee (LBC) composed of citizen volunteers and non-voting public officials which was approved. The LBC began meeting in September 2010 followed by a tour of local libraries and a tour of the historic Kasson Public School. The LBC continued to meet in 2011. In February 2011 the LBC announced that they had met with Deb Parrott of the engineering and architecture firm Widseth, Smith, Nolting and Associates. Ms. Parrott, who has experience with library design, was asked to prepare three library design proposals for the historic school as follows: 1) total rehabilitation of the 1918 school building, 2) a partial or modified rehabilitation of the school building and 3) a completely new structure on the general footprint of the existing building [note: after demolition of the 1918 school].<ref>''Dodge County Independent'', February 16, 2011.</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Registered Historic Places}}

[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota]]
[[Category:High schools in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1918]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Dodge County, Minnesota]]

Side-by-side (graphic)

2011-06-30T16:02:44Z

Boxplot: /* TNT */ typo

'''Side-By-Side''' is a television graphic introduced by [[ESPN]] which allows the broadcast to show commercials and live sports simultaneously. Currently, it is largely associated with [[ESPN on ABC]]'s telecasts of the [[IndyCar Series]] and [[Indianapolis 500]].

The technology was adopted due to certain televised sports (such as [[soccer]] and [[auto racing]]) not having natural breaks in action. Sports such as football and baseball have timeouts and scheduled breaks, which allow for commercial time without viewers missing any playing action. Auto racing had long suffered from commercial breaks interrupting live action, as races are never purposely halted outside of emergency situations. The only time during races which commercials could be shown without missing action was during caution periods, but they are random and could not be counted on for regular intervals.

The technology uses a [[Split screen (film)|split-screen]] to show the feed of the live sports event on one side with no audio, while the traditional commercial is placed on the other side, with full audio. Typically, the square used for the commercial is larger and more prominent than that of the event. Sometimes, a small graphic showing the lap count and leaders' names accompanies the square. Side-By-Side is used during all commercial breaks during the race even during local station breaks ([[ESPN on ABC|ABC]]) or during local ads ([[ESPN]]/[[ESPN2]]/[[ESPN Classic]]). Side-By-Side is not used during pre-race and post-race coverage, nor during non-racing periods such as rain delays.

ESPN first used Side-By-Side for an IndyCar event on March 19, [[2005 IndyCar Series season|2005]] during the [[GAINSCO Auto Insurance Indy 300|Toyota Indy 300]] at [[Homestead-Miami Speedway]]. It was adopted for the entire season outside of [[2005 Indianapolis 500|Indianapolis]]. The format was first used for the [[Indianapolis 500]] in [[2006 Indianapolis 500|2006]].

==Versus==
Beginning in [[2009 IndyCar Series season|2009]], [[Versus (TV channel)|Versus]] became a new television partner with the IRL. During the race broadcast, they introduced '''IndyCar Non-Stop''' with a similar format to Side-By-Side. This is done to satisfy IndyCar fans who are used to Side-By-Side.
==TNT==
[[NASCAR on TNT]] uses a modified side-by-side format for their broadcast of the summer [[Coke Zero 400]] at [[Daytona International Speedway|Daytona]]. Branded as '''Wide Open Coverage'', advertisements are aired in the bottom right hand corner in a box that takes up a little less than 25% of the total TV screen. The bottom 22% of the screen is occupied by the scoring ticker and other statistical information while the rest of the screen is reserved for racing action. TNT is required to take 3 minutes of full screen advertising breaks per hour to comply with agreements with their cable partners.

==RDS and TSN (Canada)==
The french-canadian channel RDS is broadcasting Formula One from the formation lap to the podium with the Side-By-Side since 2006. The only time RDS is not using the Side-By-Side is during the Canadian Grand Prix due to the high demand from their partners to have their advertising in full screen. Since 2009, TSN is doing the same thing as RDS. This is due to the change of broadcasting rights in the UK. With the BBC comments (no advertising breaks), when TSN returns to the race after a breaks, the commentators don't talk about what happen during the break. So TSN use the Side-By-Side to let Canadians see what happen during the advertising breaks. TSN use also the Side-By-Side during the Indianapolis 500.

==References==
[http://www.indycar.com/news/story.php?story_id=4099 ESPN2 to provide in-car camera simulcast of opening race]

[[Category:Sports technology]]
[[Category:ESPN]]
[[Category:Indy Racing League]]
[[Category:ABC Sports]]

Bob Kauffman

2011-06-30T16:02:08Z

Boxplot: typo

{{for|the poet|Bob Kaufman}}
{{Infobox NBA biography
| name = Bob Kauffman
| image =
| width =
| caption =
| number = 22, 6, 44
| position = [[Power forward (basketball)|Power forward]] / [[Center (basketball)|Center]]
| height_ft = 6
| height_in = 8
| weight_lb = 240
| league = NBA
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|07|13}}
| birth_place = [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]]
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| high_school = [[Scarsdale High School|Scarsdale]] ([[Scarsdale, New York|Scarsdale]], New York)
| college = [[Guilford College#Athletics|Guilford College]]
| draft_year = 1968
| draft_round = 1
| draft_pick = 3
| draft_team = [[Seattle SuperSonics]]
| career_start = 1968
| career_end = 1975
| years1 = {{nbay|1968|full=y}}
| team1 = Seattle SuperSonics
| years2 = {{nbay|1969|full=y}}
| team2 = [[Chicago Bulls]]
| years3 = {{nbay|1970|start}}–{{nbay|1973|end}}
| team3 = [[Los Angeles Clippers|Buffalo Braves]]
| years4 = {{nbay|1974|full=y}}
| team4 = [[Atlanta Hawks]]
| cyears1 = {{nbay|1977|full=y}}
| cteam1 = [[Detroit Pistons]]
| highlights = <nowiki></nowiki>
* 3× [[List of NBA All-Stars|NBA All-Star]] ({{nasg|1971}}–{{nasg|1973}})
| stat1label = [[Point (basketball)|Points]]
| stat1value = 6,049 (11.5 ppg)
| stat2label = [[Rebound (basketball)|Rebounds]]
| stat2value = 3,682 (7.0 rpg)
| stat3label = [[Assist (basketball)|Assists]]
| stat3value = 1,429 (2.7 apg)
| bbr = kauffbo01
| letter = k
}}

'''Robert "Bob" Kauffman''' (born July 13, 1946, in [[Brooklyn]], New York) is a retired American professional [[basketball]] player.

A 6'8" forward/center from [[Guilford College]], Kauffman was selected with the third pick of the [[1968 NBA Draft]] by the [[Seattle SuperSonics]]; he was also selected in the 1968 [[American Basketball Association|ABA]] Draft by the [[Oakland Oaks (ABA)|Oakland Oaks]]. He played seven seasons in the [[NBA]] as a member of the Sonics, [[Chicago Bulls]], [[Los Angeles Clippers|Buffalo Braves]], and [[Atlanta Hawks]]. A three-time [[NBA All-Star Game|All-Star]] (in [[1971 NBA All-Star Game|1971]], [[1972 NBA All-Star Game|1972]], and [[1973 NBA All-Star Game|1973]]), Kauffman averaged 11.5 points and 7.0 rebounds for his career. He had his statistically strongest season in [[1970-71 NBA season|1970-71]], when he averaged 20.4 points and 10.7 rebounds for the Braves.<ref>[http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/k/kauffbo01.html Bob Kauffman career statistics]. basketball-reference.com. Retrieved on January 2, 2009.</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{start box}}
{{succession box | title=[[Detroit Pistons]] [[List of Detroit Pistons head coaches|head coach]] | before=[[Herb Brown]]| years={{nbay|1977|full=y}} (interim) | after=[[Dick Vitale]]
}}
{{end box}}

{{1968 NBA Draft}}
{{Detroit Pistons}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME =Kauffman, Bob
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =July 13, 1946
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Brooklyn]], New York
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kauffman, Bob}}
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American basketball coaches]]
[[Category:American basketball players]]
[[Category:Guilford Quakers men's basketball players]]
[[Category:Seattle SuperSonics draft picks]]
[[Category:Seattle SuperSonics players]]
[[Category:Chicago Bulls players]]
[[Category:Buffalo Braves players]]
[[Category:New Orleans Jazz expansion draft picks]]
[[Category:Oakland Oaks draft picks]]
[[Category:Atlanta Hawks players]]
[[Category:People from Brooklyn]]
[[Category:Detroit Pistons head coaches]]
[[Category:National Basketball Association head coaches]]
[[Category:Centers (basketball)]]
[[Category:Power forwards (basketball)]]

[[es:Bob Kauffman]]
[[fr:Bob Kauffman]]
[[it:Bob Kauffman]]

West Okoboji, Iowa

2011-06-30T16:01:15Z

Boxplot: /* Demographics */ typo

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = West Okoboji, Iowa
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname =
|motto =


|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|image_seal =


|image_map = Dickinson_County_Iowa_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_West_Okoboji_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location of West Okoboji, Iowa
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =


|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{USA}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Iowa}}
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Iowa|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Dickinson County, Iowa|Dickinson]]
|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|established_title =
|established_date =


|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 3.5
|area_land_km2 = 3.2
|area_water_km2 = 0.3
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.4
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.2
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.1


|population_as_of = [[United States Census, 2000|2000]]
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 432
|population_density_km2 = 134.4
|population_density_sq_mi = 348.2


|timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset = -6
|timezone_DST = CDT
|utc_offset_DST = -5
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 432
|elevation_ft = 1417
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|coordinates_type = region:US_type:city
|latd = 43 |latm = 21 |lats = 0 |latNS = N
|longd = 95 |longm = 9 |longs = 32 |longEW = W


|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code = 51351
|area_code = [[Area code 712|712]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 19-84450
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0462892
|website =
|footnotes =
}}
'''West Okoboji''' is a city in [[Dickinson County, Iowa|Dickinson County]], [[Iowa]], [[United States]]. The population was 432 at the 2000 census. The city is located on [[West Okoboji Lake]], from which it takes its name. It is part of the [[Iowa Great Lakes]] region.

==Geography==
West Okoboji is located at {{coord|43|21|0|N|95|9|32|W|city}} (43.350090, -95.158945){{GR|1}}.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.5 km²), of which, 1.2 square miles (3.2 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (8.82%) is water.

==Demographics==
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 432 people, 216 households, and 130 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 348.2 people per square mile (134.5/km²). There were 437 housing units at an average density of 352.2 per square mile (136.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.45% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.93% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.69% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.23% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 0.69% from two or more races.

There were 216 households out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.4% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.50.

In the city the population was spread out with 22.0% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 15.0% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 24.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 83.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,083, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $32,500 versus $18,750 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $24,853. About 16.2% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 35.2% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

These statistics can be ascued by the "summer" population which swells between May and September as West Okoboji, named for the blue water lake of the same name, is a premier vacation city in the area. Lake Ojoboji is know as one of the three "true blue water" lakes in the world, due primarily to it's glacial origins and spring fed sources.

==References==
<references />
Mark Chambers (native expert 2011)
==External links==
* [http://www.IowaGreatLakes.net Iowa Great Lakes Region]

{{Dickinson County, Iowa}}

[[Category:Dickinson County, Iowa]]
[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]

[[ca:West Okoboji]]
[[io:West Okoboji, Iowa]]
[[ht:West Okoboji, Iowa]]
[[nl:West Okoboji]]
[[pl:West Okoboji (Iowa)]]
[[pt:West Okoboji]]
[[vo:West Okoboji]]

Michael Bush

2011-06-30T16:00:35Z

Boxplot: /* External links */ typo

{{Infobox NFLactive
|image=
|currentteam=Oakland Raiders
|currentnumber=29
|currentposition=Running back
|birthdate={{Birth date and age|1984|06|16}}
|birthplace=Louisville, Kentucky
|heightft=6
|heightin=1
|weight=245
|debutyear=2008
|debutteam=Oakland Raiders
|college=[[University of Louisville|Louisville]]
|draftyear=2007
|draftround=4
|draftpick=100
|pastteams=<nowiki></nowiki>
* [[Oakland Raiders]] ({{NFL Year|2007}}–present)
|status=Active
|statseason=2010
|statlabel1=Rushing yards
|statvalue1=1,665
|statlabel2=Rushing average
|statvalue2=4.4
|statlabel3=[[Touchdown|Rushing TD]]s
|statvalue3=14
|statlabel4=Receptions
|statvalue4=54
|statlabel5=[[Yard|Receiving yard]]s
|statvalue5=461
|statlabel6=Receiving [[Touchdown]]s
|statvalue6=0
|nfl=BUS277873
}}

'''Michael Bush''' (born June 16, 1984, in [[Louisville, Kentucky]]) is an [[American football]] [[running back]] for the [[Oakland Raiders]] of the [[National Football League]]. He was drafted in the 4th round of the [[2007 NFL Draft]]. He played [[college football]] at the [[University of Louisville]].

==High school==
Bush attended [[Louisville Male High School]] where he played [[quarterback]] his senior year after seeing action at [[defensive back]], [[defensive end]], [[linebacker]], [[running back]], [[Safety (American football position)|safety]], and [[wide receiver]] over his career. As a senior, he led the Bulldogs to the state championship game in Kentucky's highest class. In a showdown with future Louisville teammate [[Brian Brohm]] and his [[Trinity High School (Louisville, Kentucky)|Trinity]] Shamrocks, Bush threw for 468 yards and six [[touchdowns]] and ran for 116 yards and another touchdown in a 59-56 loss. He also caught two passes for 24 yards, returned a punt and a kickoff, and made five tackles on defense.<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/preview05/news/story?id=2137624 ESPN - Brohm, Bush primed to color Cardinals' canvas]</ref>

==University of Louisville==
{{Boxtop|College Rushing Stats}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
! Year !! G !! Att !! Yrd !! TD !! Lng !! Avg
|-
| 2003 || 13 || 81 || 503 || 6 || 81 || 6.2
|-
| 2004 || 12 || 132 || 734 || 7 || 31 || 5.6
|-
| 2005 || 10 || 205 || 1143 || 23 || 73 || 5.6
|-
| 2006 || 1 || 17 || 128 || 3 || 51 || 7.5
|-bgcolor="#FFFFCC"
| Totals || 36 || 435 || 2508 || 39 || 81 || 5.8
|}
{{Boxbottom}}
Following a successful high school career, Bush became a highly sought after college recruit. He turned down offers from several more established programs (including [[Ohio State Buckeyes football | Ohio State]]) to stay at home and attend the University of Louisville, largely because head coach [[Bobby Petrino]] promised the opportunity to play quarterback, his preferred position. As a true freshman, he was forced to play several positions in order to get on the field because Louisville's starting quarterback position was locked down by [[Stefan LeFors]]. Though he was not the starter, Bush was able to rush for 100 yards in back-to-back games as a tailback toward the end of the year.

Meanwhile, Petrino had decided to recruit another star quarterback from the Louisville area: [[Brian Brohm]] of Trinity. Though Bush had played various positions his freshman year, he believed this arrangement to be temporary and still expected to be a quarterback in the long-term. The recruitment of Brohm, however, meant Bush would have to find another position. Much to Bush's chagrin, Petrino moved him to tailback permanently.<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/preview05/news/story?id=2137624 ESPN - Brohm, Bush primed to color Cardinals' canvas]</ref>

In 2004 as a sophomore, Bush backed up [[Lionel Gates]] and [[Eric Shelton]]. He rushed for 734 yards and 7 touchdowns,<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/player/profile?playerId=149846 ESPN - Michael Bush's Stats at Louisville]</ref> and proved himself worthy of the starting role for next season.

Bush's breakout season came as a junior in 2005, as he rushed for 1143 yards on 205 carries, averaging 5.6 yards per carry, racked up 23 rushing touchdowns, and was second in NCAA Division 1-A in scoring to LenDale White.<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/player/stats?playerId=149846 ESPN - Bush stats]</ref> He was also widely considered to be a preseason candidate for the 2006 [[Heisman Trophy]].<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/columns/story?columnist=forde_pat&id=2560105 ESPN - Quinn, Peterson front-runners in Heisman race - Columnist]</ref> Though he could have left early for the [[NFL Draft]], Bush decided to return for his senior season.

He came into the 2006 projected as one of the top 10 players for the [[2007 NFL Draft]], and his season began successfully as expected. His first carry of the season was a 48-yard run for a touchdown in the Cardinals' annual [[Governor's Cup (Battle for the Bluegrass)|rivalry game]] with [[Kentucky Wildcats football|Kentucky]]. He then scored two more touchdowns in the first half, and had carried for 128 yards when he was tackled during a routine rushing play by Kentucky linebacker [[Wesley Woodyard]], and suffered a broken right [[tibia]]. The injury was so bad that ESPN announced before the end of the game that Bush would miss the remainder of the 2006 season.<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/news/story?id=2572409 ESPN - Louisville's Bush breaks right leg in season opener - College Football]</ref> The injury required the insertion of a steel rod and a second operation to facilitate the healing process.

Bush participated in 3 bowl games during his career as a Cardinal. The first was a [[2003 GMAC Bowl | GMAC Bowl]] loss to [[Miami RedHawks football | Miami University (Ohio)]] in which Bush ran for 33 yards on 9 attempts behind Lionel Gates's 12 carry 128 yard performance.<ref name="games">[http://sports.yahoo.com/ncaaf/players/105507/gamelog;_ylt=AtNgFS4pYm_sL9OuBC8o9djA.88F Yahoo - Bush - Game log]</ref> Bush would do better in the [[Liberty Bowl]] victory over [[Boise State Broncos football | Boise State]] with 12 carries for 96 yards, his best performance in a college bowl game. He finished his bowl career in the 2005 [[Gator Bowl]] in which Bush ran for 94 yards on 16 carries.<ref name="games"/>

Bush majored in sports administration at Louisville.<ref>[http://www.michaelbushonline.com/Michael-Bush-Biography.php Michael Bush Online - Michael Bush Biography]</ref>

==Oakland Raiders==
Michael Bush was chosen by the [[Oakland Raiders]] in the [[2007 NFL Draft]] with the first pick of the fourth round. With his broken leg still hobbling him, he was declared [[Physically Unable to Perform]] for the entire 2007 season.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/21/SP27TGP3I.DTL San Francisco Chronicle - RB Bush is odd man out rest of season]</ref>

After a two year hiatus, Bush finally returned to the football field in 2008. He was the Raiders' third string halfback but saw some action because of injuries to [[Darren McFadden]] and [[Justin Fargas]]. He also filled in as a blocking fullback.

An early high point in his professional career was the last game of 2008 against the [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]], when Bush rushed for 177 yards on 27 carries and 2 touchdowns to help Oakland deny Tampa a spot in the playoffs.<ref>[http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/recap?gameId=281228027 ESPN - Oakland vs. Tampa Bay Recap, December 28, 2008]</ref>

Bush has become a regular feature in the Raiders running back rotation. In 2010 he rushed for 655 yards in 14 games, including eight touchdowns.

==Personal life==
Michael Bush received one year of probation and 20 hours community service, after pleading guilty to misdemeanor reckless driving in Clarkesville, Indiana.<ref>http://newsandtribune.com/clarkcounty/x1498144415/Michael-Bush-receives-probation-after-arrest</ref>

==Notes and references==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.michaelbushonline.com/ Michael Bush website]
*[http://www.raiders.com/team/roster/Michael-Bush/deda020e-0354-420f-a0db-49f2c963ea6f Oakland Raiders bio]
*[http://uoflsports.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/bush_michael00.html Michael Bush Louisville Cardinals bio]
*[http://www.thefootballcube/players/bushm001.shtml Career Statistics] The Football Cube
http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=6118010</{{Reflist}}

{{Raiders2007DraftPicks}}
{{Oakland Raiders roster navbox}}


{{Persondata
|NAME= Bush, Michael
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=
|DATE OF BIRTH=1984-6-16
|PLACE OF BIRTH=Louisville, Kentucky
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bush, Michael}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:People from Louisville, Kentucky]]
[[Category:Players of American football from Kentucky]]
[[Category:American football running backs]]
[[Category:Louisville Cardinals football players]]
[[Category:Oakland Raiders players]]

[[it:Michael Bush]]
[[tl:Michael Bush]]

Eden Valley 216

2011-06-30T15:59:47Z

Boxplot: typo

{{Location map|Canada Alberta|lat=50.4362|long=-114.4265|width=200|caption=Location of Eden Valley 216 [[Alberta]]|label=Eden Valley 216}} '''Eden Valley 216''' is an [[List of Alberta Indian reserves|Indian reserve]] located near [[Longview, Alberta]].<ref name="Eden Valley 216 ">{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/AP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4806803&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Eden%20Valley%20216&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|title=Eden Valley 216 |year=2001|publisher=Statistics Canada|accessdate=27 December 2009}}</ref> It is shared by the [[Bearspaw First Nation|Bearspaw]], [[Chiniki First Nation|Chiniki]], and [[Wesley First Nation|Wesley]] bands of the [[Nakoda (Stoney)]] nation.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Subdivisions of Alberta}}
{{coord|50.436|N|114.426|W|format=dms|scale:60000_region:CA-AB|display=title|name=Eden Valley 216}}

[[Category:First Nations reserves in Alberta]]
[[Category:Nakoda (Stoney)]]

{{Alberta-geo-stub}}

2004 Motor City Bowl

2011-06-30T15:58:21Z

Boxplot: /* Final statistics */ typo

{{Infobox NCAA football yearly game
| Game Name = Motor City Bowl
| Optional Subheader = Bowl Game
| Title Sponsor = 
| Image =[[Image:MotorCityBowlLogo.png|250px]]
| Caption =
| Date Game Played = December 27
| Year Game Played = 2004
| Football Season = 2004
| Stadium = [[Ford Field]]
| City = [[Detroit, Michigan]]
| Visitor School = University of Connecticut
| Visitor Name Short = Connecticut
| Visitor Nickname = Huskies
| Visitor Record = 7–4 
| Visitor AP =
| Visitor Coaches =
| Visitor BCS =
| Visitor Coach = [[Randy Edsall]]
| Visitor1 =17
| Visitor2 =13
| Visitor3 =3
| Visitor4 =6
| Home School = University of Toledo
| Home Name Short = Toledo
| Home Nickname = Rockets
| Home Record = 9–3 
| Home AP =
| Home Coaches =
| Home BCS =
| Home Coach = [[Tom Amstutz]]
| Home1 = 0
| Home2 = 7
| Home3 = 3
| Home4 = 0
| MVP = [[Dan Orlovsky]] (Connecticut)
| Odds = Toledo by 3<ref name="espnPointShaving">{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/news/story?id=2988714|title=As summer ends, heat is on in Toledo point-shaving case|coauthors=Mike Fish and George J. Tanber|date=2007-08-29|publisher=espn.com|accessdate=2008-12-12}}</ref>
| Anthem =
| Referee = Clyde Castleberry ([[Big 12 Conference]])
| Halftime =
| Attendance =52,552<ref>[http://uconnhuskies.com/sports/MFootball/2009/Media%20Guide/7/Bowls.pdf uconnhuskies.com: Bowls.pdf]</ref>
| Payout =
| US Network = [[ESPN]]
| US Announcers =
| Ratings =
| Intl Network =
| Intl Announcers =
}}

The '''2004 Motor City Bowl''', part of the [[2004 NCAA Division I FBS football season|2004–05 NCAA football bowl games]] season, occurred on December 27, 2004 at [[Ford Field]] in [[Detroit, Michigan]].

== Team selection ==
The [[2004 Toledo Rockets football team|Toledo Rockets]] entered the game as the champions of the [[Mid-American Conference]] as they defeated {{cfb link|year=2004|team=Miami RedHawks|title=Miami University}} on December 2, 2004 in the [[MAC Championship Game]] by a score of 35–27. This was Toledo's third trip to the bowl. They also appeared in 2001 and 2002. The [[2004 Connecticut Huskies football team|Connecticut Huskies]] qualified for their first ever bowl appearance by finishing 7–4 and had a [[Big East Conference]] record of 3–3. Connecticut was invited to the game when the [[Big Ten Conference|Big Ten]] could not provide a qualifying team.

== Game summary ==
The announced attendance of 52,552 was, at the time, a record crowd for the Motor City Bowl. It has since been surpassed by both the 2006 and 2007 games.<ref name="NCAABowlAttendance" />

===First quarter===
[[Larry Taylor (gridiron football)|Larry Taylor]] received the opening kickoff for UConn at the eight-yard line and returned the ball 34 yards to the Connecticut 42-yard line. Behind the passing of quarterback [[Dan Orlovsky]] and the running of Cornell Brockington, the Huskies moved down the field, earning three first downs. The drive stalled at the Toledo 17-yard line; Matt Nuzie came on to successfully kick a 35-yard field goal. UConn took an early 3–0 lead, with 11:55 left in the first quarter.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ1" />

Toledo received the ensuing kickoff, but lost yardage on the return and had to start their opening drive from their own eight-yard line. On their first offensive play they promptly earned their first first down of the game, on a 12-yard pass from quarterback [[Bruce Gradkowski]] to wide receiver Kenny Higgins. After being stopped for no gain on the next play, running back Trinity Dawson uncorked a 22-yard run on second down to earn Toledo's second first down of the drive. The Rockets were unable to progress further, however, and punted the ball to the Huskies, who likewise were unable to advance. Toledo received the Connecticut punt but could not earn a first down on three plays. On 4th-and-4 on their own 45-yard line, the Rockets faked the punt attempt and attempted to earn a first down, but fumbled the ball; Connecticut's Tyler King recovered. The Huskies made Toledo pay for their mistake. After three plays earned only four yards, UConn went for it on fourth down. Dan Orlovsky connected with wide receiver Jason Williams for 32 yards and a touchdown. After Nuzie kicked the extra-point, the Connecticut lead was extended to 10–0, with 4:36 left in the first quarter.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ1" />

The Rockets started their next drive from their own 27-yard line. Two plays netted Toledo five yards, which were promptly lost on a penalty, setting up a 3rd-and-10. Gradkowski's pass was incomplete, forcing the Rockets to punt. Toledo's punt was caught by UConn's Larry Taylor, who ran down the right sideline 68 yards, all the way for a touchdown. After the extra point, the Huskies now had a 17–0 lead. UConn's 17 points were a Motor City Bowl-record for most points scored in a first quarter.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ1" />

The Rockets got the ball back on their own 31-yard line, and moved down the field on runs by Trinity Dawson, aided by a 15-yard penalty on the Huskies on third down. Dawson's 11-yard run up the middle on 2nd-and-6 set up a 1st-and-10 on the UConn 28-yard line as the first quarter clock expired. At the end of the first quarter, Connecticut held a 17–0 lead.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ1" />

===Second quarter===
Toledo continued their drive down the field as the second quarter began. Twice UConn had a chance to stop the Rockets, forcing them into second- or third-and-long scenarios. Twice Toledo converted the first down, the first time on a 14-yard run by Trinity Dawson, the second time on a 16-yard pass from Gradkowski to tight end Chris Holmes, setting up a 1st-and-goal on the Connecticut 4. On first down Dawson gained three yards; on second down Gradkowski kept the ball himself but was stopped for no gain. Gradkowski tried again on third down, and this time punched the ball in for the touchdown. After the extra point, the Rockets now trailed the Huskies, 17–7.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ2" />

Connecticut promptly responded on their next drive. They began in Toledo territory, after a 54-yard kickoff return by Larry Taylor. After two Cornell Brockington runs and a five-yard penalty against the Huskies set up 3rd-and-2, Orlovsky connected with wide receiver Jason Williams for four yards and the first down. After another Brockington run, Orlovsky and Williams would connect again for a first down, this time gaining five yards. On the next play Orlovsky completed a pass to Brandon LcLean for 11 yards and another first down, moving the ball to the Toledo 7-yard line. After one incompletion, Orlovsky threw over the middle to Brian Sparks, scoring the touchdown. The extra point was good; Connecticut now held a 24–7 lead over Toledo.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ2" />

The Rockets started their next drive from their own 22-yard line. Gradkowski connected with Chris Holmes for 15 yards and a first down, but after that the drive stalled after a sack and a penalty drove Toledo back to their own 29-yard line and set up 3rd-and-15. Trinity Dawson's 10-yard run still left the Rockets five yards short of the first down; Toledo punted. Connecticut took over on their own 26-yard line and used a variety of players to move down the field; fullback Deon Anderson and wide receiver Jason Williams carried for three and 16 yards respectively to move the Huskies to midfield. On 3rd-and-5 from the 50-yard line, Orlovsky connected with wide receiver Matt Cutaia for six yards and the first down. After a seven-yard run by running back Chris Bellamy and a fifteen yard penalty on the Rockets moved the ball to the Toledo 22-yard line, UConn found themselves unable to advance further. A 37-yard field goal by Matt Nuzie gave the Huskies three more points; their lead was now 27–7 over the Rockets with less than two minutes left in the half.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ2" />

Toledo started their next drive from their own 20-yard line, but went three-and-out after two incomplete passes by Gradkowski and a five-yard run by Dawson, well-short of the required ten yards. After the punt UConn took over on their own 40-yard line with just over a minute left in the half. Orlovsky completed a pass to Keron Henry for eight yards on first down; after an incompletion, Brockington ran up the middle for four yards and the first down, moving the ball into Toledo territory. On the next play, Orlovsky completed a long 41-yard pass to Matt Cutaia to the Toledo seven-yard line. Orlovsky threw incomplete on the next play; as time was running out, Connecticut elected to kick the field goal rather than risk not scoring any points. Matt Nuzie's 25-yard attempt was good as the halftime clock expired. With one half complete, the Huskies now held a 30–7 lead in a game that was rapidly becoming a blowout.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ2" />

===Third quarter===
Toledo took possession of the ball at the 35-yard line as the third quarter began. New quarterback Marques Council, who replaced the injured Bruce Gradkowski at halftime, led the Rockets down the field, running for 13 yards and a first down and then completing a 29-yard pass to Lance Moore for another first down. Toledo had a 1st-and-goal at the Connecticut 6, but after two rushing plays were stopped for a loss, and an incomplete pass, the Rockets were forced to settle for a 27-yard field goal. The UConn lead was cut to 30–10 just three minutes into the third quarter.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ3" />

Connecticut went three-and-out on the ensuing possession, punting the ball back to Toledo. Marques Council continued to give the Rockets new life, leading them to three first downs as they moved down the field into Connecticut territory. On 2nd-and-8 from the UConn 22, Council made his first mistake, throwing a pass over the middle that was intercepted by linebacker [[Alfred Fincher]]. The Huskies took advantage of the turnover to advance down the field on a mix of running plays by Cornell Brockington, Chris Bellamy, and Deon Anderson, and passes from Orlovsky to Keron Henry and Dan Murray. The drive advanced as far as the Toledo 20-yard line, where Connecticut was stopped. Matt Nuzie was called on once again for the field goal; he successfully kicked the 36-yarder, giving him a Motor City Bowl-record four made field goals. The UConn lead was back to 23 points with less than two minutes left in the third quarter. Toledo started their next drive on their own 20-yard line but went three-and-out; their punt, downed by Connecticut at their own 42-yard line, was the final play of the quarter. At the end of three quarters, the Huskies held a 33–10 lead over the Rockets.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ3" />

===Fourth quarter===
On the first play of the fourth quarter, Dan Orlovsky completed a 44-yard pass to Keron Henry, moving the Huskies to the Toledo 14-yard line. A loss of two on a run by Chris Bellamy and two incomplete passes halted the UConn drive; Matt Nuzie was called on to attempt his fifth field goal of the game. This time, however, Nuzie missed the kick, a 34-yard attempt, keeping the score 33–10 and giving possession back to the Rockets.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ4" />

Taking over on their own 16-yard line, Toledo promptly earned two first downs on passes from Council to Lance Moore for 16 yards and to Chris Holmes for 11, moving the Rockets to midfield. On 1st-and-10 from the 50-yard line, however, Council threw a pass that was intercepted by UConn's Justin Perkins. The Huskies got to the Toledo 39-yard line on a pass from Orlovsky to Keron Henry, but after two incompletions Orlovsky threw an interception to Toledo's Nigel Morris. The Rockets took over with 11:13 left in the game, and led by Marques Council drove down the field as far as the Connecticut 28-yard line. A sack, incomplete pass, and completion from Council to Trinity Dawson for five yards set up a 4th-and-7 from the UConn 25-yard line. The Rockets elected to go for the first down, but Council was sacked, causing Toledo to turn the ball back over on downs. After a three-and-out and punt by the Huskies, the Rockets got the ball back on their own 34-yard line. Council was sacked again, this time for a loss of 16 yards, and on the next play fumbled. Fortunately for him he recovered his own fumble, but the Rockets were unable to get close to first-down yardage and were forced to punt. With 3:17 left in the game, UConn elected to keep the ball on the ground. On 2nd-and-10 from the Toledo 45-yard line, Chris Bellamy ran left for 32 yards. Three plays later, on 3rd-and-8 from the Rocket 11-yard line, Connecticut running back Matt Lawrence ran by the middle for the final touchdown of the game. The extra point was blocked by Toledo; after one complete pass from Council to Quinton Broussard for eleven yards and a first down, two incomplete passes, and a sack, the game was over. UConn won the game 39–10.<ref name="ESPNPbPQ4" />

===Scoring summary===
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryStart|VisitorName=UCONN|HomeName=TOL|state=expanded}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=1
| Time=12:05
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=41
| DriveTime=2:55
| Type=FG
| yards=35
| Kicker='''Matt Nuzie'''
| Visitor=3
| Home=0
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=1
| Time=04:41
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=36
| DriveTime=1:43
| Type=RecTD
| Receiver='''Jason Williams'''
| yards=32
| QB='''Dan Orlovsky'''
| kickresult=good
| Kicker=''Matt Nuzie''
| Visitor=10
| Home=0
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=1
| Time=02:31
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=63
| DriveTime=0:00
| Type=Other
| Other='''Larry Taylor''' 63-yard touchdown punt return touchdown, ''Matt Nuzie'' kick good
| Visitor=17
| Home=0
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=2
| Time=10:53
| Team=TOL
| DriveLength=63
| DriveTime=6:27
| Type=RushTD
| Runner='''Bruce Gradkowski'''
| yards=1
| kickresult=good
| Kicker=''Jason Robbins''
| Visitor=17
| Home=7
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=2
| Time=07:42
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=41
| DriveTime=3:11
| Type=RecTD
| Receiver='''Brian Sparks'''
| yards=7
| QB='''Dan Orlovsky'''
| kickresult=good
| Kicker=''Matt Nuzie''
| Visitor=24
| Home=7
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=2
| Time=01:24
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=55
| DriveTime=3:23
| Type=FG
| yards=37
| Kicker='''Matt Nuzie'''
| Visitor=27
| Home=7
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=2
| Time=00:00
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=53
| DriveTime=0:55
| Type=FG
| yards=25
| Kicker='''Matt Nuzie'''
| Visitor=30
| Home=7
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=3
| Time=11:47
| Team=TOL
| DriveLength=56
| DriveTime=3:13
| Type=FG
| yards=27
| Kicker='''Jason Robbins'''
| Visitor=30
| Home=10
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=3
| Time=01:53
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=65
| DriveTime=5:58
| Type=FG
| yards=36
| Kicker='''Matt Nuzie'''
| Visitor=33
| Home=10
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEntry
| Quarter=4
| Time=00:25
| Team=UCONN
| DriveLength=45
| DriveTime=2:52
| Type=RushTD
| Runner='''Matt Lawrence '''
| yards=11
| kickresult=blocked
| Kicker=''Matt Nuzie''
| Visitor=39
| Home=10
}}
{{AmFootballScoreSummaryEnd|Visitor=39|Home=10}}

==Final statistics==
<div style="margin-left: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; float: right;">
{| class="wikitable"
|+ '''Statistical Comparison'''<ref name="ESPNBoxScore" />
! || Toledo || UConn
|-
| '''1st downs''' || 20 || 20
|-
| '''Total yards''' || 281 || 398
|-
| '''Passing yards''' || 203 || 239
|-
| '''Rushing yards''' || 78 || 159
|-
| '''Penalties''' || 4–35 || 5–44
|-
| '''3rd down conversions''' || 8–18 || 8–17
|-
| '''4th down conversions''' || 0–2 || 1–1
|-
| '''Turnovers''' || 3 || 1
|-
| '''Time of possession''' || 31:42 || 28:18
|}
</div>
Dan Orlovsky was named the game's MVP by completing 21 of his 40 passes for 239 yards and 2 touchdowns. Tyler King, playing in his first game since breaking his leg in the Huskies 29–17 win over [[2004 Pittsburgh Panthers football team|Pittsburgh]] on September 30, was awarded the United Auto Workers Lineman of the Game Award.<ref>[http://www.motorcitybowl.com/history/winners/ motorcitybowl.com: Award winners]</ref>

== Aftermath ==
In the late summer of 2007, [[ESPN]] reported that the Toledo football team, and specifically running back Harvey "Scooter" McDougle and quarterback Bruce Gradkowski, were under federal investigation for a [[point shaving]] scandal. The 2004 Motor City Bowl was one of the games in question.<ref name="espnPointShaving" />

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="ESPNBoxScore" >{{cite news|title = Toledo Rockets vs. Connecticut Huskies Box Score, December 27, 2004|url = http://espn.go.com/ncf/boxscore?gameId=243622649|newspaper = espn.com|publisher = ESPN Internet Ventures|date = December 27, 2004|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5t2XZDJgK| archivedate = September 26, 2010| accessdate = September 26, 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="NCAABowlAttendance">{{cite web|title=Bowl/All-Star Game Records |publisher=[[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] |url=http://web1.ncaa.org/web_files/stats/football_records/DI/2009/2009BowlAllStar.pdf |accessdate=August 12, 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="ESPNPbPQ1" >{{cite news|title = 1st Qtr Play-by-Play|url =
http://espn.go.com/ncf/playbyplay?gameId=243622649&period=1|newspaper = espn.com|publisher = ESPN Internet Ventures|date = December 27, 2004|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5t34ZXyei| archivedate = September 27, 2010| accessdate = September 27, 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="ESPNPbPQ2" >{{cite news|title = 2nd Qtr Play-by-Play|url =
http://espn.go.com/ncf/playbyplay?gameId=243622649&period=2|newspaper = espn.com|publisher = ESPN Internet Ventures|date = December 27, 2004|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5t34j9eCA| archivedate = September 27, 2010| accessdate = September 27, 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="ESPNPbPQ3" >{{cite news|title = 3rd Qtr Play-by-Play|url =
http://espn.go.com/ncf/playbyplay?gameId=243622649&period=3|newspaper = espn.com|publisher = ESPN Internet Ventures|date = December 27, 2004|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5t34nszOG| archivedate = September 27, 2010| accessdate = September 27, 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="ESPNPbPQ4" >{{cite news|title = 4th Qtr Play-by-Play|url =
http://espn.go.com/ncf/playbyplay?gameId=243622649&period=4|newspaper = espn.com|publisher = ESPN Internet Ventures|date = December 27, 2004|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5t34t1wql| archivedate = September 27, 2010| accessdate = September 27, 2010}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
* http://www.mmbolding.com/bowls/Motor_City_2004.htm
{{2004 Bowl Games}}
{{Motor City Bowl}}
{{UConnHuskiesFootball}}
{{Connecticut bowl games}}
{{Toledo bowl games}}

[[Category:2004 NCAA Division I-A football season|Motor City Bowl]]
[[Category:Motor City Bowl]]
[[Category:Toledo Rockets football bowl games]]
[[Category:Connecticut Huskies football bowl games]]

List of sportspeople educated at Texas Tech University

2011-06-30T15:57:13Z

Boxplot: /* Baseball */ typos

This is a '''List of Texas Tech University alumni''' in sports.

==Alumni==
{{Dynamic list}}
* "''—''" indicates that the year of graduation is unknown.
===Athletics===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|-valign="top"
! width="15%"| Alumni
! width="10%"| Class year
! width="71%" class="unsortable"| Notability
! width="12%" class="unsortable"| Reference(s)
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Leigh|Daniel}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NCAA championship track runner; women's cross country coach at [[Ashland University]]
| align="center" |
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sally|Kipyego}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| First [[Kenya]]n woman to win an [[NCAA Women's Cross Country Championship|NCAA cross country]] individual championship; tied as top championship winner in the NCAA
| align="center" |
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Rob|Powell|Rob Powell (Coach, Fitness, MMA Consultant)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Track and field athlete; fitness and conditioning coach
| align="center" |
|}
===Baseball===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|-valign="top"
! width="15%"| Alumni
! width="10%"| Class year
! width="71%" class="unsortable"| Notability
! width="12%" class="unsortable"| Reference(s)

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gary|Ashby}}
| align="center" | 1977
| [[List of Texas Tech Red Raiders head baseball coaches|Sixth head coach]] of the [[Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball|Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball team]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.texastech.com/sports/m-basebl/archive/9798spec-rel/text-m-basebl-spec-rel15.html |title=Annual Texas Tech Alumni Game to Start off Baseball Season |date=1998-01-26 |publisher=[[Texas Tech University]] |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5zOkRBOaF |archivedate=2011-06-12 |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Doug|Ault}}
| align="center" | 1972
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball>{{cite web |url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/text/sports/m-basebl/auto_pdf/BB2011MediaSupplement.pdf |title=2011 Red Raider Baseball Media Supplement |publisher=[[Texas Tech University]] |pages=106-107 |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=110382 |title=Doug Ault Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Josh|Bard}}
| align="center" | 1999
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=408036 |title=Josh Bard Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dallas|Braden}}
| align="center" | 2004
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=460284 |title=Dallas Braden Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Mark|Brandenburg|Mark Brandenburg (baseball)}}
| align="center" | 1992
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=111384 |title=Mark Brandenburg Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Stubby|Clapp}}
| align="center" | 1996
| MLB player; Manager of the [[Tri-City ValleyCats]]
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timesunion.com/default/article/Clapp-to-manage-ValleyCats-872323.php |title=Clapp to manage ValleyCats |date=2010-12-10 |publisher=''[[Times Union (Albany)|Times Union]]'' |location=[[Albany, New York]] |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5zOwqPr32 |archivedate=2011-06-12 |accessdate=2011-06-12}}
</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joe|Dillon}}
| align="center" | 1997
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=434338 |title=Joe Dillon Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Travis|Driskill}}
| align="center" | 1993
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=150344 |title=Travis Driskill Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ruben|Garcia|Ruben Garcia, Jr.}}
| align="center" | 1973
| MiLB player; [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI) Executive Assistant Director
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=garcia001rub |title=Ruben Garcia Minor League Statistics & History |publisher=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Keith|Ginter}}
| align="center" | 1998
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=348562 |title=Keith Ginter Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Donald|Harris}}
| align="center" | 1989
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=115519 |title=Donald Harris Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Chuck|Harrison|Chuck Harrison (baseball)}}
| align="center" | 1962
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=115540 |title=Chuck Harrison Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Mike|Humphreys}}
| align="center" | 1988
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=116310 |title=Mike Humphreys Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Colt|Hynes}}
| align="center" | 2007
| MiLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=hynes-001col |title=Colt Hynes Minor League Statistics & History |publisher=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jeff|Karstens}}
| align="center" | 2003
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=444371 |title=Jeff Karstens Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Brandon|Kolb}}
| align="center" | 1995
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=276524 |title=Brandon Kolb Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Trey|Lunsford}}
| align="center" | 2000
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/l/lunsftr01.shtml |title=Trey Lunsford Minor League Statistics & History |publisher=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Matt|Miller|Matt Miller (left-handed pitcher)}}
| align="center" | 1996
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=400078 |title=Matt Miller Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ryan|Nye}}
| align="center" | 1995
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=119875 |title=Ryan Nye Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dustin|Richardson}}
| align="center" | 2006
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=450580 |title=Dustin Richardson Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Chris|Sampson}}
| align="center" | 1999
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=448200 |title=Chris Sampson Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Travis|Smith|Travis Smith (baseball)}}
| align="center" | 1995
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=134000 |title=Travis Smith Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Zachary|Stewart}}
| align="center" | 2008
| MiLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=stewar001zac |title=Zach Stewart Minor League Statistics & History |publisher=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Josh|Tomlin}}
| align="center" | 2006
| MLB player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=458708 |title=Josh Tomlin Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Steve|Watkins}}
| align="center" | 1998
| MLB player; [[Chinese Professional Baseball League|CPBL]] player
| align="center" | <ref name=Baseball/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=400152 |title=Steve Watkins Stats, Bio, Photos, Highlights |publisher=[[Major League Baseball Advanced Media]] |accessdate=2011-06-12}}</ref>
|}

===Basketball===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|-valign="top"
! width="15%"| Alumni
! width="10%"| Class year
! width="71%" class="unsortable"| Notability
! width="12%" class="unsortable"| Reference(s)

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Tony|Battie}}
| align="center" | 1997
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball>{{cite web |url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/text/sports/m-baskbl/auto_pdf/MediaSupplement.pdf |title=2010–11 Texas Tech Red Raiders Basketball Media Supplement |publisher=[[Texas Tech University]] |pages=114-115 |accessdate=2011-5-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/playerfile/tony_battie/ |title=Tony Battie Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2010-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Tony|Benford}}
| align="center" | 1986
| Assistant coach of the [[Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball|Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball team]]
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gomarquette.com/sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/042408aab.html |title=Tony Benford Named To Marquette Coaching Staff |date=2008-04-24 |publisher=[[Marquette University]] |archivedate= |accessdate=2011-05-11}} </ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gary|Blair}}
| align="center" | {{nowrap|1972 ([[Bachelor of Physical Education|BPE]])}}, {{nowrap|1974 ([[Master of Education|M.Ed.]])}}
| Head coach of the [[Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball|Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball team]]
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aggieathletics.com/sports/w-baskbl/mtt/blair_gary00.html |title=Player Bio: Gary Blair |publisher=[[Texas A&M University]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Angie|Braziel}}
| align="center" | 1999
| WNBA player
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnba.com/playerfile/angie_braziel/index.html |title=Angie Braziel Player Info |publisher=[[Women's National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Cory|Carr}}
| align="center" | 1998
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=cory_carr |title=Cory Carr Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Mark|Davis|Mark Davis (basketball, born 1973)}}
| align="center" | 1995
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/playerfile/mark_davis/printable_player_files.html |title=Mark Davis Printable Stats |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Andre|Emmett}}
| align="center" | 2003
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=andre_emmett |title=Andre Emmett Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gene|Gibson}}
| align="center" | 1950
| [[List of Texas Tech Red Raiders head basketball coaches|Head coach]] of the [[Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball|Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team]]
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |title=Gibson, former Red Raiders coach and player, dies |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/ncb/news/story?id=2888307 |publisher=[[ESPN]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Darvin|Ham}}
| align="center" | 1996
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=darvin_ham |title=Darvin Ham Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Geoff|Huston}}
| align="center" | 1979
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=geoff_huston |title=Geoff Huston Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gerald|Myers}}
| align="center" | {{nowrap|1959 ([[Bachelor of Education|B.Ed.]])}}, {{nowrap|1965 ([[Master of Science|M.S.]])}}
| [[List of Texas Tech Red Raiders head basketball coaches|Head coach]] of the [[Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball|Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team]]; Texas Tech University Director of Athletics
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irim.ttu.edu/SACSFocusReport/PDF/GeraldMyersBio.pdf |title=Gerald Myers, Director of Athletics Biography |publisher=[[Texas Tech University]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Paul|Nolen}}
| align="center" | 1953
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=paul_nolen |title=Paul Nolen Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jia|Perkins}}
| align="center" | 2004
| WNBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=WBasketball>{{cite web |url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/text/sports/w-baskbl/auto_pdf/201011mediasupplement.pdf |title=2010–11 Texas Tech Lady Raiders Basketball Media Supplement |publisher=[[Texas Tech University]] |pages=60-61 |accessdate=2011-5-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnba.com/playerfile/jia_perkins/index.html |title=Jia Perkins Playerfile |publisher=[[Women's National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Plenette|Pierson}}
| align="center" | 2003
| WNBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=WBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnba.com/playerfile/plenette_pierson/bio.html |title=Plenette Pierson Playerfile |publisher=[[Women's National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Kasib|Powell}}
| align="center" | 2002
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=kasib_powell |title=Kasib Powell Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Polk|Robison}}
| align="center" | 1934
| [[List of Texas Tech Red Raiders head basketball coaches|Head coach]] of the [[Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball|Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team]]; Texas Tech University Director of Athletics
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://lubbockonline.com/stories/062808/loc_296894103.shtml |title=Former Tech Coach Robison Dies |accessdate=2011-05-11 |publisher=''[[Lubbock Avalanche-Journal]]'' |author=Marlena Hartz}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jason|Sasser}}
| align="center" | 1996
| Professional basketball player
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/playerfile/jason_sasser/ |title=Jason Sasser Bio |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sam|Sibert}}
| align="center" | 1970
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=sam_sibert |title=Sam Lewis Sibert Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sheryl|Swoopes}}
| align="center" | 1993
| WNBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=WBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnba.com/playerfile/sheryl_swoopes/ |title=Sheryl Swoopes Playerfile |publisher=[[Women's National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jeff|Taylor|Jeff Taylor (basketball)}}
| align="center" | 1982
| NBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=MBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/historical/playerfile/index.html?player=jeff_taylor |title=Jeff Taylor Info Page |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Alicia|Thompson}}
| align="center" | 1998
| WNBA player
| align="center" | <ref name=WBasketball /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnba.com/playerfile/alicia_thompson/ |title=Alicia Thompson Player Info |publisher=[[Women's National Basketball Association]] |accessdate=2011-05-11}}</ref>
|}

===Football===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|-valign="top"
! width="15%"| Alumni
! width="10%"| Class year
! width="71%" class="unsortable"| Notability
! width="12%" class="unsortable"| Reference(s)
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gene|Alford}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Rodney|Allison}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL player; Former [[University of Tennessee at Chattanooga]] head coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Danny|Amendola}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player for the [[St. Louis Rams]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Glen|Amerson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Donny|Anderson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[National Football League|NFL]] player for the [[Green Bay Packers]] and [[Arizona Cardinals|St. Louis Cardinals]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Hasson|Arbubakrr}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dek|Bake}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former CFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Tim|Baker|Tim Baker (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL player
| align="center" | <ref>http://www.nfl.com/players/timbaker/profile?id=BAK694114</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joe|Barnes}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| CFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Baron|Batch}}
| align="center" | 2010
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Hub|Bechtol}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| AAFC player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Rodney|Blackshear}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Head coach of the [[Abilene Ruff Riders]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Art|Briles}}
| align="center" | 1979
| [[Baylor Bears football|Baylor Bears]] head coach
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web|title=Car crash puts things in perspective for Art Briles |publisher=ESPN |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/bowls05/news/story?id=2268890 |date=2005-12-23 |accessdate=2010-11-18}}</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Buddy|Brothers}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former [[Tulsa Golden Hurricane football|Tulsa Golden Hurricane]] head coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jamall|Broussard}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| AFL and NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Darwin|Brown}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Maury|Buford}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Brandon|Carter|Brandon Carter (American football)}}
| align="center" | 2010
| [[National Football League|NFL]] player [[New Orleans Saints]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Carl|Carter}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Marcus|Coleman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Michael|Crabtree}}
| align="center" | (Did not graduate)
| NFL player for the [[San Francisco 49ers]]; #10 pick in the [[2009 NFL Draft]]
| align="center" | <ref>"WR Crabtree Decides to Go Pro" in ''Times-Picayune'' (New Orleans), 2009 January 14, p. D2. The San Francisco 49er's drafted Crabtree as the tenth overall pick in the 2009 NFL Dradt.</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sonny|Cumbie}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Indoor Football League]] quarterback for the [[San Angelo Stampede Express]], former [[Arena Football League (1987–2008)|Arena Football League]] quarterback for the [[Los Angeles Avengers]]; Current [[Texas Tech Red Raiders football|Texas Tech Red Raiders]] inside receivers coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Raymond A.|Curfman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Head coach of the [[New Mexico State Aggies football|New Mexico State]] and [[Idaho Vandals football|Idaho Vandals]] football teams
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Kevin|Curtis|Kevin Curtis (safety)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Stan|David}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Keyunta|Dawson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL Defensive End for [[Indianapolis Colts]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sonny|Dykes}}
| align="center" | {{sort|1993|1993}}
| Head coach of the [[Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football|Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team]]
| align="center" | <ref>http://www.latechsports.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/dykes_sonny00.html</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ralph|Earhart}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Lin|Elliott}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Eric|Everett}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joel|Filani}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bob|Flowers}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Larry|Flowers|Larry Flowers (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Carlos|Francis}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL for the [[Oakland Raiders]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dylan|Gandy}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player for the [[Denver Broncos]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|James|Hadnot}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gabe|Hall}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joselio|Hanson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL cornerback for the [[Philadelphia Eagles]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Byron|Hanspard}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Graham|Harrell}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Leonard|Harris|Leonard Harris (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL and USFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joey|Hawkins}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Taurean|Henderson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL Europa player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bill|Herchman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jarrett|Hicks}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| AFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Cody|Hodges}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Arena Football 2]] quarterback for the [[Fort Wayne Fusion]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Pat|Holmes}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|E. J.|Holub}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[American Football League]] All-star
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Thomas|Howard|Thomas Howard, Sr.}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Aaron|Hunt|Aaron Hunt (Canadian football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL & CFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Charles|Jackson|Charles Jackson (defensive back)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Glenn|January}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| CFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dwayne|Jiles}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Curtis|Jordan}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bill|Kelley|Bill Kelley (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bob|Kilcullen}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Kliff|Kingsbury}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Devin|Lemons}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player and high school football and wrestling coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Daniel|Loper}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Anthony|Lynn}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Carl|Madison}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| High school football coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Anthony|Malbrough}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Darcel|McBath}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL Cornerback for [[Denver Broncos]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Edward|McKeever}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Collegiate and professional football coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Derrell|Mitchell}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] wide receiver
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Roland|Mitchell}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ed|Mooney}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bam|Morris}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL [[running back]] for the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]], [[Chicago Bears]], [[Baltimore Ravens]], and [[Kansas City Chiefs]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Eric|Morris|Eric Morris (Canadian football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] wide receiver for the [[Saskatchewan Roughriders]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sammy|Morris}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[NFL]] Running back for the [[New England Patriots]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|John|Parchman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Cisco Junior College]] head football coach
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dave|Parks}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player; first overall selection in [[1964 NFL Draft]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Mac|Percival}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Manny|Ramirez|Manny Ramirez (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL offensive lineman for [[Detroit Lions]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Herschel|Ramsey}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player for the [[Philadelphia Eagles]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Tate|Randle}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| AFL and NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Walt|Rankin}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| and NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Montae|Reagor}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Alex|Reyes}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Gabriel|Rivera}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Don|Rives}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ed|Robnett}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[All-America Football Conference]] player for the [[San Francisco 49ers]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Walt|Schlinkman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player for the [[Green Bay Packers]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Brandon|Sharpe}}
| align="center" | 2009
| [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] player for the [[BC Lions]]
| align="center" | <ref>http://www.bclions.com/roster/show/id/3601</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dwayne|Slay}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] player for the [[Winnipeg Blue Bombers]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Mike|Smith|Mike Smith (linebacker)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Timmy|Smith}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Lemuel|Stinson}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Brock|Stratton}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| CFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|B.J.|Symons}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL player; holder of many NCAA passing records including career passing yards
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Billy|Taylor|Billy Taylor (running back)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Zach|Thomas}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Andre|Tillman}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Billy Joe|Tolliver}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| Former NFL quarterback
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Alex|Trlica}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NCAA record holder for most PATs
| align="center" | <ref>http://www.texastech.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/trlica_alex00.html</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Bake|Turner}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| AFL & NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Louis|Vasquez|Louis Vasquez (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL offensive lineman for [[San Diego Chargers]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Sammy|Walker|Sammy Walker (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jamar|Wall}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Joe|Walter|Joe Walter (American football)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ted|Watts}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Wes|Welker}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL receiver / kick returner for the New England Patriots
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Dixie B.|White}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| [[List of Louisiana-Monroe Warhawks head football coaches|Head coach]] of the [[ULM Warhawks football|Northeast Louisiana Indians]]
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|E. J.|Whitley}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Todd|Whitten}}
| align="center" | 1990
| [[Lamar Cardinals football|Lamar Cardinals]] offensive coordinator
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web|title=Todd Whitten |publisher=[[Lamar University]] |url=http://www.lamarcardinals.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/whitten_todd00.html |accessdate=2010-11-18}}</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Brandon|Williams|Brandon Williams (linebacker)}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL player
| align="center" | <ref>http://collegesportsblog.dallasnews.com/archives/2009/01/texas-tech-de-brandon-williams-declares.html</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Ricky|Williams|Ricky A. Williams}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL running back of the [[Indianapolis Colts]]
| align="center" | <ref>http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=WILLIRIC04</ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Shaud|Williams}}
| align="center" | {{sort|00|—}}
| NFL and UFL player
| align="center" | ref
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Tom|Wilson|Tom Wilson (American football)}}
| align="center" | 1966
| [[List of Texas A&M Aggies head football coaches|Head coach]] of [[Texas A&M Aggies football|Texas A&M Aggies football team]]
| align="center" | <ref>http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/DI/2009/2009BowlAllStar.pdf</ref>
|}

===Golf===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|-valign="top"
! width="15%"| Alumni
! width="10%"| Class year
! width="71%" class="unsortable"| Notability
! width="12%" class="unsortable"| Reference(s)
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|John Paul|Cain}}
| align="center" | 1959
| Professional golfer; Texas Golf Hall of Fame inductee
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://texasgolfhof.org/inductee/john-paul-cain/ |title=Cain, John Paul |publisher=Texas Golf Hall of Fame |accessdate=2011-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kcbd.com/story/13422231/texas-tech-pros |title=Texas Tech Pros: John Paul Cain |first=Philip |last=Casteel |date=2010-11-01 |publisher=[[KCBD]] |accessdate=2011-05-15}} </ref>
|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Oscar|Florén}}
| align="center" | 2007
| Professional golfer
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.europeantour.com/europeantour/players/playerid=32831/bio/index.html |title=Oscar Floren Biography ||publisher=[[PGA European Tour]] |accessdate=2011-05-15}}</ref>

|-valign="top"
| {{sortname|Jeff|Mitchell|Jeff Mitchell (golfer)}}
| align="center" | 1976
| Professional golfer; Head coach of the North Texas Mean Green, Stanford Cardinal, and [[Texas Tech Red Raiders golf|Texas Tech Red Raiders]] women’s golf teams
| align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.meangreensports.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPSID=9384&SPID=576&DB_LANG=C&DB_OEM_ID=1800&ATCLID=1524504&Q_SEASON=2010 |title=Jeff Mitchell |publisher=[[University of North Texas]] |accessdate=2011-05-15}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Texas Tech University}}

[[Category:Texas Tech University people]]
[[Category:Lists of people by university in the United States|Texas Tech University alumni (sports)]]

Young Driver Schemes

2011-06-30T15:55:11Z

Boxplot: typo

{{orphan|date=May 2010}}

'''Young Driver schemes''' have been set up throughout the [[United Kingdom|UK]] in order to give [[driving]] experience to children before they reach driving age. These have been set up in [[car park]]s, [[racing track]]s, and other suitable venues. Some of these driving experience focus more on [[Road safety|safety]] while other focus more on fun.

Statistics from [[Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents|Rospa]] show that 3000 car drivers aged under 25 are killed or injured in Britain every year.<ref>http://www.rospa.com/RoadSafety/advice/youngdrivers/young_driver_survey.htm</ref> Statistics also say that one in five Young Drivers crash within six months of passing their test. Swedish research has shown that accident rates fall when driving has been introduced before the age of 17.<ref>http://www.youngdriver.eu/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/bmail.jpg</ref> <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8525441.stm</ref>

These Young Driver schemes aim to help reduce these statistics by promoting driving at a younger age when children are more susceptible to learning and have better [[memory]].<ref>http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/07/040722085301.htm</ref> By doing this in a safe environment away from the public road, it is hoped that this will provide a basis for young drivers' learning. There is, however, concern from safety groups that these schemes will prove to be detrimental to learning to drive.<ref>http://www.roadsafetygb.org.uk/news/848.htm</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Transport in the United Kingdom]]

Pakistanis in Ukraine

2011-06-30T15:54:31Z

Boxplot: typo

'''Pakistanis in Ukraine''' mostly tend to use it as a transit route to travel to Europe to find jobs. As of 2009 Pakistan Embassy in [[Kiev]] statistics there are 1612 registered Pakistanis living in Ukraine. The major part of Pakistani community can be seen on the roads of Kiev and [[Kharkiv]]. In [[Donetsk]] there are also many Pakistanis doing business in the outdoor markets.

==Notable people==
* Gohar Ali Shah<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3373347.stm</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
* [http://www.kyivpost.com/news/guide/general/detail/62547/ Kyiv Post]

{{Pakistani diaspora}}

[[Category:Pakistani expatriates in Ukraine| ]]
[[Category:Pakistani diaspora by country|Ukraine]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Pakistan–Ukraine relations]]

{{Pakistan-ethno-stub}}
{{Ukraine-stub}}
{{Pakistan-stub}}

Anderson High School, Lerwick

2011-06-30T15:53:50Z

Boxplot: typo

{{Infobox UK school
| name = Anderson High School
| image = Anderson_High_School_(Shetland)_logo.gif
| size =
| latitude =
| longitude =
| dms =
| motto = Dö Weel and Persevere
| motto_pl =
| established = 1862
| approx =
| closed =
| c_approx =
| type =
| religion =
| president =
| head_label =
| head = Ms Valerie M L Nicolson
| r_head_label =
| r_head =
| deputy_head_label = Deputy Heads
| deputy head = Mr Paul Palompo (S1 & S2 pupils) Mr John Cameron (S3 & S4) Mr Barney Redman (S5) Mr Peter Moncrieff (S6)
| r_deputy_head_label =
| r_deputy_head =
| chair_label =
| chair =
| founder =
| founder_pl =
| specialist =
| specialist_pl =
| street = Lover's Loan
| city = [[Lerwick]]
| county = [[Shetland]]
| country = UK
| postcode = ZE1 0JH
| LEA = [[Shetland Islands Council]]
| ofsted =
| dcsfno =
| dcsfurn =
| staff =
| enrollment =
| gender =
| lower_age =
| upper_age =
| houses =
| colours =
| publication =
| free_label_1 =
| free_1 =
| free_label_2 =
| free_2 =
| free_label_3 =
| free_3 =
| website = http://www.anderson.shetland.sch.uk/
| website_name = Anderson High School
}}

The '''Anderson High School''' (A.H.S.) is a [[Comprehensive school|comprehensive]] [[secondary school]] in [[Lerwick]], [[Shetland Islands|Shetland]].

The A.H.S. is the largest school in Shetland with about 752 pupils<ref>Shetland Islands Annual Return (September 2010) http://www.shetland.gov.uk/education/AnnualReturn.asp</ref> from age 11 to 18.

Pupils transfer to the AHS from both local primary schools and remote island primary schools. Pupils also transfer from Junior High Schools after S4 (age 16), leading to more pupils in S5 than in S4. Until recently, [[Scottish Qualifications Authority]] statistics based S5 exam results as a proportion of the S4 roll, leading to statistical anomalies.

In 2005, the school was awarded [[Schools of Ambition]] status.

Head Teacher Valerie Nicolson was the youngest female headteacher in Scotland when she was appointed in 2003.

== History ==

The school was founded by [[Arthur Anderson (businessman)|Arthur Anderson]] and officially opened in 1862<ref>{{cite book |title= Lerwick; The Birth and Growth of an Island Town|last= Irvine|first= James W.|year= 1985|publisher= Lerwick Community Council|location= Lerwick|isbn= 0 950 9669 16|page= 126}}</ref>. The school has had four different names;

* LFPS Lerwick First Public School
* LCPS Lerwick Central Public School
* AEI Anderson Educational Institute
* AHS Anderson High School

== Beanfeast ==
Every year, the 6th year pupils of Anderson organise a traditional "beanfeast" at the end of December, the day before closing for the Christmas break. All pupils and teachers dress up in gowns and suits, as it is a formal party. There is a different theme each year and the 6th years put on small drama productions to mock events which happened months before. The acts also mock some notable teachers. The beanfeast for each class is on different days;

* S1 and S2s together
* S3 and S4s together
* S5, S6 and teachers attend the final one.

After the beanfeast, the 5th and 6th year pupils traditionally hold a separate "after-party", funded by the pupils themselves.

==References==
<references />

== External links ==
* [http://www.anderson.shetland.sch.uk Anderson High School Website]
* [http://www.anderson.shetland.sch.uk/ahs-dw/Downloads%20-%20Information/School%20Handbook%202009-2010.pdf School Handbook 2009-2010]
*[http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/scottishschoolsonline/schools/andersonhighschoolshetlandislands.asp AHS Entry at Scottish Schools Online]
*[http://www.shetland.gov.uk/education/ Shetland Islands Council Education]

{{coord|60|09|00|N|1|08|15|W|type:edu_region:GB|display=title}}

[[Category:Secondary schools in Scotland]]
[[Category:Schools in Shetland]]

Montrose, Angus

2011-06-30T15:52:24Z

Boxplot: /* Demography */ typo

{{About|Montrose|other uses|Montrose (disambiguation)}}
{{infobox UK place
|country = Scotland
|official_name= Montrose
|gaelic_name= Monadh Rois
|scots_name= Montrose
| population = 10,845
| population_ref = (2001 Census)
|os_grid_reference= NO715575
|latitude=56.70832
|longitude=-2.46712
|map_type=Scotland
|label_position=bottom
|unitary_scotland= [[Angus]]
|lieutenancy_scotland= [[Angus]]
|constituency_westminster= [[Angus (UK Parliament constituency)|Angus]]
|constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Angus (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Angus]]
|post_town= MONTROSE
|postcode_district = DD10
|postcode_area= DD
|dial_code= 01674
|static_image= [[Image:viewofmontrose.jpg|250px]]
|static_image_caption=
|london_distance_mi= 371
|edinburgh_distance_mi= 59
}}
'''Montrose''' ({{lang-gd|Monadh Rois}}) is a Scottish coastal [[resort]] town and former [[royal burgh]] in [[Angus]]. It is situated 38 miles (61 km) north of [[Dundee]] between the mouths of the North and South Esk rivers. It is the northernmost coastal town in Angus and developed at a natural harbour that traded in skins, hides and cured salmon in medieval times.

With a population of approximately 12,000, the town functions as a port, but the major employer is [[GlaxoSmithKline]], recently saved from closure.<ref>[http://www.contractorsunlimited.co.uk/news/060406-glaxosmithkline.shtml GlaxoSmithKline Montrose Plant Reprieve]</ref> The skyline of Montrose is dominated by the 220 foot [[steeple (architecture)|steeple]], designed by [[James Gillespie Graham]] and built between 1832 and 1834.

Montrose is a town with a wealth of architecture, and is a centre for international trade. It is an important commercial port for the thriving oil and gas industry. It is known for its wide thoroughfare and high street<ref>{{cite news | title = Montrose High Street| curly = y | url = http://www.montrosereview.co.uk/open/Montrose39s-Chequered-History.2852763.jp}}</ref> which
leads to picturesque closes containing secluded gardens. The town has a view of a two square mile tidal lagoon, [[Montrose Basin]], which is considered a nature reserve of international importance. It is the largest inland salt water basin in the UK, and an important habitat for the mute swan. Just outside Montrose is the 18th Century [[House of Dun]], designed by the Scottish architect [[William Adam (architect)|William Adam]] and built in 1730 for David Erskine, 13th Laird of Dun.

==History==
===Toponymy and early history===

Prehistoric elements are found in the vicinity of Montrose, including the [[Stone of Morphie]] located to the north.<ref>[http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=8404 C. Michael Hogan, ''Stone of Morphie'', 2007, Megalithic Portal, ed. Andy Burnham]</ref> One ancient name for Montrose was Celurca.<ref>Mitchell (1866), p1</ref> Early place names appear to show the presence of a [[Norsemen|Norse]] settlement in the area of the present harbour. The Norse settlement was named Stroma which translates as 'Tide race river', referring to the speed of the tidal emptying and filling of the aforementioned basin, (est 9 Knots). It is claimed that the name Montrose stems from 'Mouth Hrossay' due to the location at the outlets of the [[River Esk, Angus|River Esk]] near Rossie Island (Norse: horse island). However the etymology is more often attributed to the [[Gàidhlig|gaelic]] words ''Monadh'' (meaning moor) and Rois or Ros (meaning peninsula or promontory). The first documentary evidence of the existence of Montrose is the burgh charter issued by [[David I of Scotland|David I]] who founded the town around 1140 as ''Sallorch'' or ''Sallork''.<ref name="angus.gov.uk">[http://www.angus.gov.uk/history/features/rbmontr.htm "The Royal Burgh of Montrose", Angus Council]</ref> By 1178 the name had taken the form ''Munross'' before becoming ''Montrose''.<ref>A.D Mills, ''A Dictionary of British Place-Names''. Oxford University Press. 2003. ISBN 0198527586</ref> Some scholars believe that the name of the town denotes the meaning "Mount of Roses". This reflects the motto on the town's seal: Marie ditat, rosa decorat.<ref>[http://stat-acc-scot.edina.ac.uk/link/1791-99/Forfar/Montrose/] Rev. Mr. Alexander Molleson, "Town and Parish of Montrose", ''The Statistical Accounts of Scotland (1791-99)'', Vol.5, p24</ref>

===Mediaeval history===
Montrose was visited and plundered in numerous instances instances by [[Danes]]. In the year [[980]] it was sacked and razed to the ground.<ref>Mitchell (1866), p6</ref> It was once believed that a castle existed in Montrose in the 10th century and was destroyed by [[Kenneth III]]. However the historicity of this account has been disputed.<ref name="ReferenceC">Andrew Jervise, "Memorials of Angus and the Mearns"</ref>

In the two proceeding centuries there are no precise dates in its history. During the 1140s it was an important trading town. The trading revenues received from Montrose as well as [[Forfar]] and [[Dundee]] were acquired by [[Malcolm IV]] and contributed to [[Restenneth Priory]].<ref name="ReferenceC"/> In [[1178]] [[William the Lion]] built a castle nearby in which he would occasionally reside. The ruins have acquired the name [[Red Castle, Angus|Red Castle]]. The last record of a charter there was in 1198.<ref name="Mitchell 1866, p8">Mitchell (1866), p8</ref> A [[convent]] dedicated to the [[Virgin Mary]] is said to have been founded in 1230 by [[Alan Durward]] but the precise location is unknown.<ref name="ReferenceC"/> In 1244 the town succumbed to fire.<ref name="Mitchell 1866, p8"/>

In July 1296<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/history/features/rbmontr.htm Angus Council, "The Royal Burgh of Montrose"]</ref> during the Wars of Independence, [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] visited the town with 30,000 of his men and stayed at Munros castle for three nights. Some accounts state that it was there that he humiliated Scottish King [[John de Balliol]] by publicly stripping him of his Royal insignia and status; other accounts claim that this occurred in [[Brechin]].<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Twelve burghesses of the town swore allegiance to Edward I<ref name="Mitchell 1866, p8">Mitchell (1866), p8</ref> to protect themselves and the community of the town.<ref name="ReferenceC"/> The following year the castle, which was manned by an English garrison, was destroyed by [[William Wallace]] who is said to have slain all soldiers in sight.<ref name="Mitchell 1866, p8"/> The site of the castle, known as Castlestead, is at the southern end of the High Street. [[David II of Scotland|David II]] visited it towards the end of his reign in 1371.<ref name="ReferenceC"/> [[Duke of Montrose|The Dukedom of Montrose]] was created in 1488.

During the 15th century the inhabitants of the town found themselves increasingly under heel of the Lairds of Dun who ransacked and took possession of property and cattle. The lairds are said to have arrived in the middle of one night on horseback heavily armed. The burghesses of the town immediately sent out an appeal to the Duke of Montrose for protection but the messenger was purportedly murdered before the appeal arrived. It was then that [[James IV of Scotland]] intervened and settled the matter.<ref name="Mitchell 1866, p8"/>

===Modern history===
[[File:Montrose and The Steeple - geograph.org.uk - 487549.jpg|left|thumb|Montrose and the steeple]]
From its early inception as a port Montrose had traded in skins, hides and cured salmon but in the 17th century began to export wheat and barley in regular trading transactions with the [[Hanseatic League]]. The town imported flax and timber from the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]]; salt, fruit and wine from [[France]] and [[Portugal]].<ref name="angus.gov.uk"/> The wealth this brought to the town is demonstrated in the surviving houses built by landowning and merchant families as well as local street names of "America Street", "California Street", "Baltic Street" and "India Street" evidencing its trading heritage.

The site of the castle, now known as Castlestead was the birthplace of the famous [[James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose]]. Graham signed the National Covenant against [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]'s reorganisation of the Kirk in Scotland, fighting in the ensuing Bishops' Wars, but later switched to the King's side only to be captured and executed in [[Edinburgh]] in the year 1650.

The final chapter of the ill-fated 1715 Jacobite rebellion was also played out in Montrose After the short lived uprising on 4 February 1716 [[Prince James Francis Edward Stuart]] (the Old Pretender) arrived in Montrose, where he spent his last night in Scotland. He sailed from Montrose to his final exile in France. The town was held for his son, [[Prince Charles Edward Stuart]], 30 years later and in February 1746 the largest naval battle of the war was fought in Montrose Harbour.

During the 18th century the town was a major [[smuggling]] centre. It profited from the slave trade but only for a brief time. The wealth accrued by trade was substantial. Wealthy merchants in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries dominated the town and built their houses gable to gable. Hence Montrosians have inherited the sobriquet, "gable-enders".<ref>Alan Murphy, Scotland, Footprint Travel Guides. 2004, p504</ref> A statistical account taken between 1791 and 1799 estimates the population in the 1750s as 4248; in 1776 as 4465; in 1784 as 4866 and in 1790 as 5194. Contemporaries expected that many would emigrate at the conclusion of the [[American Revolutionary War]] but those that did leave were few.<ref>[http://stat-acc-scot.edina.ac.uk/link/1791-99/Forfar/Montrose/] Rev. Mr. Alexander Molleson, "Town and Parish of Montrose", ''The Statistical Accounts of Scotland (1791-99)'', Vol.5, p32</ref>

[[Samuel Johnson]] made a tour of the town on his visit to Scotland in the 1770s. He said of it:

''"...we travelled on to Montrose, which we surveyed in the morning and found it well-built, airy, and clean. The town house is a handsome fabrick with a portico. We then went to view the English chapel, and found it a small church, clean to a degree unknown in any other part of Scotland, with commodius galleries, and what was yet less expected, with an organ."''.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=LfaYyI_GUQsC&pg=PA239 Samuel Johnson, ''The Works of Samuel Johnson (1823), p239]</ref>

Alexander Christie (c1721-1794) was [[Provost (civil)|provost]] in the town during the 1760s and 1780s and oversaw the establishment of Scotland's first [[Lunatic Asylum]] in Montrose in 1781<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/history/features/people/alexanderchristie.htm Angus Council, "Provost Alexander Christie of Montrose (c 1721-1794)"]</ref> which became [[Sunnyside Royal Hospital]].

In 1785 a [[subscription library]] for learned men was formed.<ref>[http://stat-acc-scot.edina.ac.uk/link/1791-99/Forfar/Montrose/] Rev. Mr. Alexander Molleson, "Town and Parish of Montrose", ''The Statistical Accounts of Scotland (1791-99)'', Vol.5, p35</ref>

[[File:HighStreetMontrose 1870s.jpg|right|thumb|Montrose High Street during the 1870s]]

During World War II Montrose became a hub for a constant stream of international pilots from all over the [[Commonwealth]], [[Poland]], [[Czechoslovakia]], [[United States|America]], [[Russia]], [[France]] and other allied nations.
As well as a training base Montrose was also an operational airfield for [[Hawker Hurricane]] and [[Supermarine Spitfire]] squadrons, which flew sorties over [[Norway]] and were a part of the air defences for [[Edinburgh]].
Of course, this also made the town a target for German aircraft and it was bombed on more than one occasion. Despite its coastal location presenting a danger however, large numbers of children and young mothers from [[Dundee]] were evacuated there during the period of the [[Phoney War]]. Initially numbers totalled around 2,000 but in a second wave around 1,200 more were sent.<ref name="Forbes Inglis 2009">Forbes Inglis, "An Invasion of Montrose", ''Montrose Review'', August 20, 2009.</ref> As was the case in many other receiving areas, the local population was concerned by the condition of the urban poor and [[impetigo]] and [[vermin]] were found on some of those evacuated. By June 1940 Montrose could no longer provide shelter.<ref name="Forbes Inglis 2009"/>

Montrose was a royal burgh until 1975.<ref>[http://www.scan.org.uk/knowledgebase/search/gazetteer_freetext_results_3.asp Gazetteer of Scottish Places]</ref>

===Bamse===
[[Bamse (St. Bernard)|Bamse]] (meaning bear), famed for his exploits and popular in local imagination, is buried in the town.
Bamse the Norwegian Sea Dog arrived in Montrose on the [[Royal Norwegian Navy]] minesweeper ''Thorodd'' during World War ll with Captain Erling Hafto, his owner, who registered him as a crew member. He saved the life of Lieutenant Commander Olav Nilsen at Dundee Docks and generally protected his fellow sailors. In stories Bamse is said to have got up on his hind legs and, at over {{convert|6|ft}} tall, clamped his great paws on assailants to end any fight. On his death in July 1944 Montrose schools were closed and 800 children lined the route to his graveside funeral.

The Bamse Project raised £50,000 to erect a larger than life-size bronze statue of Bamse at Montrose Harbour. Half the donations came from Norway. The statue was created by internationally known sculptor [[Alan Herriot]], and was unveiled by [[Prince Andrew]] in October 2007.

==Governance==

Montrose is represented within [[Angus Council]] by the Montrose & District Ward, from which four councillors are elected. The members elected from this ward are, as of 2007: Councillor David May ([[Scottish Liberal Democrats]]), Councillor Mark Salmond (Independent), Councillor Paul Valentine ([[Scottish National Party]]) and Councillor Sandy West ([[Scottish National Party]]).<ref>{{cite web | title = Councillor Information - Montrose & District | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/councillorinfo/viewWard.cfm?w=8 | publisher = Angus Council | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref>

The town is part of the [[Angus (UK Parliament constituency)|Angus constituency]] of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] which returns a Member of Parliament (MP) to the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]], at [[Palace of Westminster|Westminster]]. The constituency's MP is currently [[Mike Weir (politician)|Mike Weir]] of the [[Scottish National Party]].<ref>
{{cite web | title = List of MPs | url = http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/mps/ | publisher = UK Parliament | accessdate = December 7, 2010}}</ref>

Montrose is also part of the [[Angus (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Angus constituency]] of the [[Scottish Parliament]], which has significantly different boundaries to the Westminster constituency. The constituency returns a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) to [[Holyrood, Edinburgh|Holyrood]] directly, and is part of the [[North East Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)|North East Scotland electoral region]] with regards to additional Members of the Scottish Parliament. The constituency's MSP is currently [[Andrew Welsh (politician)|Andrew Welsh]] of the [[Scottish National Party]].<ref>{{cite web | title = The Scottish Parliament: Current Members | url = http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/apps2/MSP/MSPHome/Default.aspx | publisher = www.scottish parliament.uk | accessdate = December 7, 2010}}</ref> For the [[2011 Scottish Parliament election]], the constituency of Angus is due to be split into two separate constituencies and Montrose will become part of the newly-formed [[Angus North and Mearns (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Angus North and Mearns]].

==Geography and natural features==

Montrose occupies a position on the North Bank of [[Montrose Basin]] at the mouth of the [[River South Esk]] on the East Coast of Scotland, {{convert|11|mi|km|0}} [[Boxing the compass|NNE]] of [[Arbroath]],<ref name="OS explorer"/> {{convert|19|mi|km|0}} [[Boxing the compass|SW]] of [[Stonehaven]],<ref name="OS explorer"/> and {{convert|7.2|mi|km|0}} [[Boxing the compass|ESE]] of [[Brechin]].<ref name="OS explorer"/> The town lies {{convert|62.2|mi|km|0}} [[Boxing the compass|NNE]] of [[Edinburgh]],<ref>{{cite web | title = UK Postcode to PostCode Distance Calculator: DD10 to EH1 | url = http://www.postcode.org.uk/country/uk/_postcode-distance-calculator.asp?SPC=DD10&FPC=EH1&Submit=Calculate+Distance | publisher = PostCode.org.uk | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> and {{convert|373.2|mi|km|0}} [[Boxing the compass|NNW]] of [[London]].<ref>{{cite web | title = UK Postcode to PostCode Distance Calculator: DD10 to W1 | url = http://www.postcode.org.uk/country/uk/_postcode-distance-calculator.asp?SPC=DD10&FPC=W1&Submit=Calculate+Distance | publisher = PostCode.org.uk | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> The built-up area occupies a roughly rectangular shape {{convert|2|mi|km|0}} long by {{convert|0.75|mi|km|0}} wide, aligned in a North-South orientation. The land is relatively flat, rising gradually to around 15m [[elevation]] to the North of the town.<ref name="OS explorer">{{citation | publisher = Ordnance Survey | title = OS Explorer 1:25000 382 (6th edition) Arbroath, Montrose & Carnoustie | year = 2006}}</ref>

The expanse of the town extends to the villages on its fringes; [[Hillside, Angus|Hillside]] and Ferryden. It lies close to the [[hamlet (place)|hamlet]]s of [[Lunan]] and [[St Cyrus]]. The rural location ensures that the air quality is good, with low levels of [[nitrogen dioxide]] and [[PM10]].<ref>[http://www.sns.gov.uk/Reports/Report.aspx?ReportId=4&PAreaTypeId=MW&PAreaId=313&IAreaTypeId=IG&TopicId=1641 Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics]</ref>

===Montrose Basin===
[[Image:Montrose Basin.jpg|thumb|Montrose Basin]]
{{Main|Montrose Basin}}

The [[Montrose Basin]] is a shallow estuary approximately three miles in diameter.<ref>N. W. H. Allsop, ''Breakwaters, Coastal Structures and Coastlines'', Institution of Civil Engineers, 2002, Thomas Telford publisher, 520 pages ISBN 07277304</ref> It is situated where the [[River South Esk]] meets the [[North Sea]]. During the 16th century, local landowners desiring more arable land considered reducing its size, but their plans were never carried out.<ref>[http://stat-acc-scot.edina.ac.uk/link/1791-99/Forfar/Montrose/] Rev. Mr. Alexander Molleson, "Town and Parish of Montrose", ''The Statistical Accounts of Scotland (1791-99)'', Vol.5, p26</ref>

In 1981 the Montrose Basin Nature Reserve was created.<ref name="ReferenceA">[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2002/2002-06-20b.html] Angus Council, "Nature Reserve Comes of Age", June 20, 2002</ref> The Scottish Wildlife Trust operates a modern, purpose-built wildlife centre at Rossie Braes, which offers good telescopic and televisual views of the area, and of the thousands of [[migratory bird]]s which pass through the area in all seasons.

In Summer, one might see the [[osprey]] which hunts along the length of the Basin, or a [[kingfisher]] flitting past. The artificial sand-martin bank is a hive of activity all Spring and early Summer. One can watch the [[blue tit]]s and swallows inside their nests, and take in the panoramic vista of the rolling Angus countryside and hills.

In October and November there are 38,000 birds using the basin.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> In Winter, 20,000 pink-foot geese take up residence on the mudflats, feeding in the nearby fields by day, and returning to the safety of the Basin in the evening. The haunting fluting of their calls are beloved of local people, for whom the sound marks the turning of the seasons. The many feeders attract brightly coloured field and garden birds, and the occasional woodpecker.

In recent years research published by [[Scottish Natural Heritage]] claimed that the population of [[greylag geese]] has fallen as a result of [[climate change]].<ref>{{cite news | title=SWT dispute basin claim | newspaper=Montrose Review | date=31 December 2009}}</ref>

===Montrose Beach===
[[Image:Montrosebeach.jpg|thumb|Montrose Beach]]

The {{convert|3|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} sandy beach has been awarded a [[Blue Flag]] for its eco credentials.<ref>http://www.bw-linkshotel.co.uk/Beaches.asp The Links Hotel. Retrieved on 27th August 2009.</ref> The surrounding Traill Pavilion and Seafront Splash! facilities with an arcade, a playground, a café and an ice-cream stall is popular amongst locals and visitors alike. North of the town the [[River North Esk]] enters the [[North Sea]] across the beach.

The Save our Sands Campaign (SOS) was set up on 26 March 2009<ref name="Dowie">{{cite news | first=Mark | last=Dowie | title=Internet campaign aims to raise awareness of coastal erosion | url=http://www.nvcc.org.uk/2009/03/press-journal-internet-campaign-aims-to-raise-awareness-of-coastal-erosion/ | newspaper=Press & Journal | date=27 March 2009 | accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref> to raise awareness amidst concerns over the erosion of Montrose beach, caused by the "one million tonnes of sand, swept by the tide into the harbour...removed from the local area over the past 25 years".<ref>{{cite news | first=Mark | last=Dowie | title=National Award for Erosion Film | newspaper=Montrose Review | date=31 December 2009}}</ref> In 2006 150,000 tonnes was shipped to [[Aberdeen]] to fortify its dwindling beach. This was met with opposition from Montrose Golf Links who believed that the golf course built on top of the dunes, as the one of the oldest in the world, should be protected.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/4879068.stm |title=Beach sand plan may be bunkered |publisher=BBC News |date=6 June 2006 |accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref> The sand dunes are becoming unstable due to increasing tides which has forced the Montrose Golf Links to consider moving the golf course more inland. However [[Scottish Natural Heritage]] opposes the realignment as it could affect a protected coastal site at [[St Cyrus]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/tayside_and_central/5051746.stm |title=Historic golf course erosion fear |publisher=BBC News |date=5 April 2006 |accessdate=3 January 2010}}</ref>

A film made by local broadcaster Anthony Baxter in January 2009 highlighted the issue and was designed to attract attention for urgent action and put pressure on local politicians. The group are concerned that [[Angus Council]] are not acting efficiently to halt the effects of erosion and believe a full study should be carried out. The film won the best short film category in the BFFS Community Cinema Festival in 2009. Since 2009 a team from the [[University of Dundee]] has begun assessing the coastline around Montrose in a two year study to decide the best way of managing coastal erosion.<ref>{{cite news | first=Mark | last=Dowie | title=National Award for Erosion Film | newspaper=Montrose Review | date=31 December 2009}}</ref> The film titled "SOS Montrose Dredging" has been posted on [[YouTube]].<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afSfw4eOrqM]</ref>

==Demography==
The [[UK census 2001|2001 census]] gave Montrose's total resident population as 10,845. This makes it the third largest town in [[Angus]], after [[Arbroath]] (22,785) and [[Forfar]] (13,206), with [[Carnoustie]] in fourth place (10,561).<ref name="2001cens">
{{citation | title = Comparative Population Profile: Carnoustie Locality | url = http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=carnoustie&mainLevel=Locality | work = Scotland's Census Results Online (29 April 2001)| accessdate = 1 September 2008}}</ref>

Since the [[Second World War]] the population of Montrose has increased. The presence of Dundee families in Montrose during wartime convinced a number to settle there.<ref name="Forbes Inglis 2009"/> This altered the demographics of the town and led to the building of [[housing estate]]s in the 1960s. A number of people from the Polish community who had served with the British forces at RAF Montrose also settled.

There is an increasing elderly population which is reflected in the profusion of nursing and residential homes and in recent plans to extend provision for [[sheltered housing]].<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2001/2001-11-06c.html] Angus Council, "Sheltered Housing for Montrose", November 6, 2001.</ref> However there has been a commensurate increase in the number of immigrants in recent years, particularly from [[Eastern Europe]]. Data published by Scottish [[Neighbourhood Statistics]] in 2008 records the population of Montrose & District as 15,013 which is around 18% of the population of [[Angus]] as a whole. Of this total 17.6% are children, 60% are of working age and 22% are pensioners. Around 12% of those who live in the town are unemployed and 14.1% of households are "income deprived".<ref>[http://www.sns.gov.uk/Reports/Report.aspx?ReportId=2&AreaTypeId=MW&AreaId=313 Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics]</ref>

<div class="center">
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; width:70%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;"|'''Historic population of Montrose, Angus'''<ref group="nb">Early population statistics (1801-1841) include both the Burgh of Montrose and the outlying parish</ref>
|-
! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Year
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1801
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1811
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1821
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1831
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1841
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1851
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1861
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1871
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1881
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1891
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1901
|-
! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Population
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 7,975
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 8,955
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,338
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 12,055
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 13,402
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 14,328
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 14,563
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 14,548
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 14,973
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 12,883
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 12,427
|-
! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Year
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1911
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1921
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1931
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1941
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1951
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1961
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1971
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1981
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1991
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 2001
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 2011
|-
! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Population
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,974
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,979
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,196
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| <ref group="nb">No census 1941 due to World War II</ref>
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,762
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| -
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,063
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 11,214
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 11,467
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 10,845
| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| –
|-
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|
Census: 1801–2001<ref>{{cite web|title = Historic Statistics|publisher = A Vision of Britain through time|year = | url = http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TOT_POP&u_id=10361151&c_id=10107260&add=N| format = |accessdate = 20 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Montrose Settlement|publisher = Angus Council Planning and Transport Department|year = | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/atoz/popstats/montrosepop.pdf| format =PDF |accessdate = 20 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Online Historical Population Reports|publisher = University of Essex|year =2007 | url = http://www.histpop.org| format =|accessdate = 20 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Montrose Settlement|publisher = Angus Council Planning and Transport Department|year = | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/atoz/popstats/montrosepop.pdf| format =PDF |accessdate = 20 April 2011}}</ref>

|}
</div>

==Economy==
[[Image:Glaxosmithkline.jpg|thumb|Glaxo Montrose]]

The economy of the town has been expanding since the end of the [[Second World War]]. [[GlaxoSmithKline]] has been a major source of jobs since the 1950s.<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2002/2002-06-21d.html], "Angus Council, Day Out At Seafront Splash For Pupils", June 21, 2002</ref> Other significant employers include [[Tesco]], [[Somerfield]], [[Petrofac]] and Merpro. [[Argos]] has recently opened an outlet in the town. In 2009 [[Sainsbury's]] announced plans to build a new superstore on the edge of the town which will provide work for an estimated 200 people.<ref>''Montrose Review'', August 20, 2009.</ref> The average price of housing in the town is between £106,054 and £131,539,<ref>[http://www.sns.gov.uk/Reports/Report.aspx?MapIndicatorCode=HO-hpricemean&MapDateCode=2008 Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics 2008]</ref> a rise on the 1998 average between £42,640 and £51,200.<ref>[http://www.sns.gov.uk/Reports/Report.aspx?MapDateCode=1998 Source: Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics]</ref>

===Tourism===
Since 2002 there has been a focus on attracting new visitors to the town with the foundation of the Montrose Town Partnership which aims to "encourage representatives of the public, private and community sector to act together to develop the economic potential of Montrose to address the needs of local people and visitors alike".<ref name="ReferenceB">[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2004/2004-12-14.htm] Angus Council, "Montrose Partnership News", December 13, 2004</ref> Membership includes The Montrose Society, Montrose Heritage Trust, Montrose Community Council, Montrose Golf Links Ltd, MERPRO Leisure, Montrose Business and Retailers Association, [[Scottish Wildlife Trust]], Dunninald and [[Angus Council]], Ferryden & Craig and Hillside, Dun and Logie Pert community councils.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> Since 2002 they have produced a number of promotional leaflets and have established a weekly Saturday market in the town centre.<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2001/2001-12-12a.html] Angus Council, "Montrose Town Partnership", December 11, 2001</ref> In 2002 plans were unveiled to renovate the Mid Links.<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2002/2002-06-06a.html] Angus Council, "Mid Links Restoration Plans to go on display", June 6, 2002.</ref> The project was completed in 2003 at the total cost of £1.8million with £1.2million granted by the [[Heritage Lottery Fund]].<ref>[http://www.angus.gov.uk/new/releases-archive/2003/2003-12-24a.htm] Angus Council, "Mid Links Montrose", December 24, 2003</ref> Plaques have been incorporated to inform visitors of the historical heritage of the town's buildings.

==Culture==
===Cultural history===
[[Image:Montrose Museum.JPG|thumb|right|Montrose Museum]]
[[Image:Montrose Library.JPG|thumb|right|Montrose Library]]
Montrose is regarded as the [[culture]] and [[sculpture]] capital of [[Angus]],<ref>[http://www.cityofgp.com/NR/rdonlyres/1DD4B086-0DB0-4CBB-8B7F-EC4839D84384/0/PreliminaryDraft5EDIT2.pdf "Draft Amendment to the Downtown Enhancement Plan"]. Retrieved on September 11, 2009.</ref> with over 20 statues of note scattered around the town. The statues are a mix of contemporary and classical works, with many from the noted local sculptor, [[William Lamb (artist)|William Lamb]] ARSA. Lamb was born in Montrose in 1893 and was an artist of exceptional talent.

In Montrose from the 1920s to 1940s, local architect [[George Fairweather]]’s studio provided a forum for lively debate by an artistic community that included [[Hugh MacDiarmid]], [[Edwin Muir]], [[William Lamb (artist)|William Lamb]], [[Helen Cruickshank]] and [[Fionn MacColla]].
The local weekly newspaper, the ''[[Montrose Review]]'', was edited by [[Hugh MacDiarmid]].

===Music===
Since 2008, Montrose has hosted the [[Montrose Music Festival]], which takes place each year at the end of May. Notable acts who have played at the festival include [[Average White Band]], [[Deacon Blue]] and [[The Proclaimers]].

===Sport===
Montrose also has the 5th oldest [[golf]] course in the world, the Montrose Medal, dating from 1562.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} It is also a qualifying course for [[The Open Championship]]. Past events hosted on the Montrose Links include:
*Scottish Professional Championship, 1909, 1967, 1970
*Scottish Amateur Championship, 1905, 1913, 1919, 1926 and 1925
*British Boys Championship, 1991; Scottish Universities Championship
*Final Qualifying for The Open, 1999 and 2007.

[[Montrose F.C.]] are members of the [[Scottish Football League]] and currently play in the [[Scottish Football League Third Division|Third Division]]. [[Montrose Roselea F.C.]] are a Scottish junior football, Formed in 1930 and nicknamed "the Lea", they play their home games at Broomfield Park. Other sports associations include the Montrose Cricket Club, Montrose & District SEALS Swimming Club, Montrose & District Athletics, Rugby union club and several bowls clubs which are part of the Montrose & District Bowling Club Association.

==Religious sites==
===Christian groups===
[[Image:The Steeple, Montrose.jpg|thumb|right|upright|The Steeple, Montrose]]

There are many churches in Montrose. Three belong to the [[Church of Scotland]]: Montrose Old and St Andrew's ('Auld Kirk'), Melville-South Parish Church, Dun and Hillside Church. There are two [[United Free Church]]es: Knox's Church and Ferryden Church. In the Links there is an [[Scottish Episcopal Church|Episcopal Church]] (St Mary's and St Peter's) the [[United Reform Church]] and [[Methodist Church]] nearby. In Borrowfield there is a [[Baptist Church]] and [[LDS Church]]. A [[Quaker]] group meets in the town. The Roman Catholic community is served by St Margaret's Roman Catholic Church.

The most prominent church is the [[Old and St Andrew's Church, Montrose]]. Reverend Dr Charles Nisbet who became minister in [[1764]] described it as a church which "embraced much cultivation and intelligence".<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GKYEAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22charles+nisbet%22+montrose&source=gbs_navlinks_s Samuel Miller, "Memoir of the Rev. Charles Nisbet, D.D.: late president of Dickinson college, Carlisle", (1840).]</ref>

A Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses lies on the edge of the town.

==Public services==
Montrose and the surrounding area is supplied with water by [[Scottish Water]] from the Lintrathen and [[Backwater Reservoir|Backwater]] reservoirs in [[River Isla, Perthshire|Glen Isla]]. Electricity distribution is by [[Scottish Hydro Electric|Scottish Hydro Electric plc]], part of the [[Scottish and Southern Energy]] group.

Waste management is handled by [[Angus|Angus Council]]. There is a kerbside [[recycling]] scheme that has been in operation since March 2005. Cans, glass, paper and plastic bottles are collected on a weekly basis. [[Composting|Compostable material]] and non-recyclable material are collected on alternate weeks.<ref name="kerbside">{{cite web | title = Angus Council kerbside Recycling Scheme | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/services/view_service_detail.cfm?serviceid=1304 | publisher = Angus Council | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> Roughly two thirds of non-recyclable material is sent to [[landfill]] at Angus Council's site at Lochhead, Forfar and the remainder sent for [[incineration]] (with energy recovery) outside the council area.<ref>{{cite web | title = Angus Council local plan section 37 | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/localplan/localplansection37.pdf | publisher = Angus Council | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref>

A recycling centre is located at Broomfield Road. Items accepted include, steel and aluminium cans, cardboard, paper, electrical equipment, engine oil, fridges and freezers, garden waste, gas bottles, glass, liquid food and drinks cartons, plastic bottles, plastic carrier bags, rubble, scrap metal, shoes and handbags, spectacles, textiles, tin foil, wood and yellow pages. Angus council publishes details of where and how each product is processed.<ref>{{cite web | title = Angus Council Recycling centres | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/services/view_service_detail.cfm?serviceid=1299 | publisher = Angus Council | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> There are also glass banks at Tesco in Western Road and Scotmid in New Wynd, as well as a neighbourhood recycling point at Wharf Street.<ref>{{cite web | title = Neighbourhood Recycling Points & Glass Banks in Angus | url = http://www.angus.gov.uk/atoz/recyclingcentres.cfm | publisher = Angus Council | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> The Angus Council area had a recycling rate of 34.7% in 2007/08.<ref name="kerbside"/>

[[Health care|Healthcare]] is supplied in the area by [[NHS Tayside]]. The nearest hospitals with accident and emergency departments is Arbroath Infirmary,<ref>{{cite web | title = Arbroath Infirmary | url = http://www.nhstayside.scot.nhs.uk/patients/hospital/ARBROATH_INF.shtml | publisher = NHS Tayside | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> Primary Health Care in Montrose is supplied by Townhead Medical Practice which is based at the Links Health Centre.<ref>{{cite web | title = Townhead Medical Practice | url = http://www.townhead-montrose.co.uk/ | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> Montrose along with the rest of Scotland is served by the [[Scottish Ambulance Service]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Scottish Ambulance Service | url = http://www.scottishambulance.com/AboutUs/Default.aspx | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref>

Law enforcement is provided by [[Tayside Police]],<ref>{{cite web | title = Tayside Police | url = http://www.tayside.police.uk/ | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref> and Montrose is served by [[Tayside Fire and Rescue Service]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Tayside Fire and Rescue Service | url = http://www.taysidefire.gov.uk/ | accessdate = March 10, 2011}}</ref>

==Notable connections==
* [[Edward Baird]] was born in Montrose in 1904 and studied at Glasgow School of Art from 1924 to 1927. Baird returned to Montrose after graduating and lived there for the rest of his life, painting local subjects and keeping a low profile. Often described as a Scottish Surrealist, Baird is equally known for his association with the Scottish Renaissance movement. His artistic output was relatively small, due to his perfectionism, time-intensive manner of working and his early death at the age of forty-five.
* Pioneering botanist, [[Robert Brown (botanist)|Robert Brown]], the discoverer of the [[cell nucleus]], of [[cytoplasmic streaming]] and of [[Brownian motion]] was born in Montrose.
* Captain Sir [[Alexander Burnes]], Explorer.
* [[David Carnegie (entrepreneur)]]
* [[George Paul Chalmers]], Artist - The Angus Rembrandt.
* [[Helen Cruickshank]], the Scottish poet,<ref>[http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst1293.html Helen Cruickshark biography]</ref> grew up in this area.
* [[Malcolm Duncan (musician)]], Sax player with the [[Average White Band]]
* [[James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose]], a Scottish nobleman and soldier born in Montrose in 1612.
* [[Joseph Hume]], Scottish doctor and politician was born in Montrose in 1777.
* [[Violet Jacob]] (1863–1946) was a Scottish writer, now known especially for her historical novel Flemington and her poetry.
* [[Fionn MacColla]], pen-name of Thomas Douglas MacDonald, writer associated with the [[Scottish Renaissance]].
* [[Hugh MacDiarmid]], was once editor of the local newspaper.
* [[John McGovern (footballer)]], Nottingham Forest European Cup winning captain.
* [[Andrew Melville]], Radical Presbyterian who ensured the completion of Knox's Reformation in Scotland.
* [[James Morrison (artist)]] RSA, RSW, Artist
* [[Hercules Ross]], gave evidence in support of the abolition of the slave trade.
* [[Horatio Ross]], Sportsman, Photographer & Politian.
* [[Gordon Smith (footballer born 1924)]], footballer.
* [[George Wishart]], Lutheran Reformer and Martyr.
* [[William Lamb (artist)]]

==Twin towns==
* {{flagicon|France}} – [[Luzarches]], [[France]] - Montrose has been twinned with Luzarches since 1994.<ref>''Montrose Review'', August 27, 2009</ref>

==See also==
* [[RAF Montrose]]
* [[House of Dun]]
* [[Montrose railway station]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=nb}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* Norman Keir Atkinson, ''The Early History of Montrose'', (Angus Council Cultural Services, 1997) ISBN 1-873752-30-X
* James Bowick, John Lee et al., ''Montrose Characters: Past and Present'', (Montrose, 1881)
* Duncan Fraser, ''Montrose (before 1700)'', (Montrose: Standard Press, 1967)
* Duncan Fraser, ''The Smugglers'', (Montrose: Standard Press, 1971)
* Gordon Jackson & S.G.E. Lythe (eds), ''The Port of Montrose'', (Tayport: Hutton, 1993) ISBN 1-872167-51-9
* James G. Low, ''Industry in Montrose'', (Monikie: Pitnolen Publications, 1994)
* W. A. McNeil, ''Montrose before 1700 from original documents'', (Dundee: Abertay Historical Society, 1961)
* David Mitchell, ''The History of Montrose'', (Montrose: Geo. Walker, 1866)
* Tom Valentine, ''Old Montrose'', (Catrine: Stenlake, 1997)

==External links==
===History and tourism===
* [http://www.nls.uk/maps/towns/index.html#montrose Old maps of Montrose (1693-1861)]
* [http://www.angus.gov.uk/history/features/rbmontr.htm History of Montrose by Angus Council]
* [http://www.montrosehistory.com/ Montrose Natural History and Antiquarian Society]
* [http://www.rafmontrose.org.uk/ Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre]
* [http://www.bamsemontrose.co.uk/ Bamse Memorial Website]
* [http://www.visitmontrose.co.uk Visit Montrose]
* [http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/montrose/montrose/index.html ''Undiscovered Scotland'' Montrose]
* [http://www.montroselinks.co.uk/ Montrose Golf Links]
===Photographs===
* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/basontheslates/sets/1016311/ Photos of Montrose from Flickr]
* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexzandermcbeath/sets/72157622375561994/ More photos of Montrose from Flickr]
* [http://www.scottish-places.info/towns/moretpix400.html Photos of Montrose from The Gazetteer for Scotland]

===Community links===
* [http://www.gable-enders.co.uk/ Montrose Community Website]
* [http://www.montrose.org.uk/ Montrose Society]
* [http://www.montrosereview.com/ Montrose Review]
* [http://www.montrosemusicfestival.co.uk/ Montrose Music Festival]
* [http://www.oldandstandrews.com/ Old and St Andrews Church]
* [http://www.spanglefish.com/SleepyhillockCemetery/ Sleepyhillock Cemetery]
* [http://www.royalhighlanders.co.uk/montrose.htm List of men recorded on Montrose War Memorial]

{{Angus Towns & Villages}}

[[Category:Towns in Angus]]
[[Category:Royal burghs]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Scotland]]

[[bg:Монтроуз (Шотландия)]]
[[cy:Monadh Rois (Montrose)]]
[[de:Montrose (Angus)]]
[[fr:Montrose (Écosse)]]
[[gd:Monadh Rois]]
[[nl:Montrose (Schotland)]]
[[no:Montrose (Angus)]]
[[pt:Montrose (Angus)]]
[[ru:Монтроз (город)]]
[[uk:Монтроз]]

List of administrative divisions by country

2011-06-30T15:50:22Z

Boxplot: /* Administrative divisions with ISO 3166-1 */ typo

The table below indicates the types and, where known, numbers of '''[[administrative division]]s''' used by countries and their major [[Dependent territory|dependent territories]]. It is ordered alphabetically '''by country''' name in English.

==Notes==
; Numbers of divisions : To simplify maintaining the table, numbers of divisions are only specified where a country has around thirty or fewer instances; for example, [[Wikipedia:As of|as of]] 2010, the twelve ''qarqe'' (counties) of Albania. For numbers greater than thirty, the number rounded down to the nearest ten (or, in the case of thousands, the nearest hundred) is given, suffixed by a plus sign "+"; for example, the "300+" ''komuna'' ([[Commune (subnational entity)|communes]]) of Albania. More precise figures should be found in the articles linked by the table.

; Terms in italics : Terms in ''italics'' are terms in languages other than English. They should be in plural form, followed by a footnote or footnotes indicating the generally accepted English equivalent or translation. Known alternative spellings are given in brackets following a term.

; Terms in brackets : Entries in standard brackets either indicate that the term used is informal or that its use is yet to be confirmed. An English term in square brackets indicates that the local name for the term is not yet known or confirmed; when confirmed, it is replaced by the local name in ''italics''.

; Footnote letters ( c d m p r ) : These indicate, respectively, five common types of administrative division in English: [[Capital (political)|capitals]]; [[district]]s; [[Municipality|municipalities]]; [[province]]s; and [[region]]s. Other English terms appear among the numbered footnotes.

===Administrative divisions with ISO 3166-1===
Administrative divisions with [[ISO 3166-1]] are cited for [[statistics]] matters even when they do not have a special status (for example, the overseas regions of [[France]]).

===Antarctic claims===
Administrative divisions that are entirely [[Territorial claims of Antarctica|Antarctic claims]] suspended under the [[Antarctic Treaty System|Antarctic Treaty]] are not listed.

===Autonomous areas===
Not all the [[autonomous area]]s are part of the formal hierarchy of the administrative division system of a country (for example, [[Zanzibar|the autonomous region of Zanzibar]] comprises 5 [[regions of Tanzania]], the first tier on administrative divisions on that country). For more details, see [[List of autonomous areas by country]].

===Dependent territories===
[[Dependent territory|Dependent territories]] are listed with their sovereign country. For more details, see [[Dependent territory|List of dependent territories]].

{{hidden 
| 
|
<ref name="autonomous"/>
<ref name="blocks"/>
<ref name="boroughs"/>
<ref name="cantons"/>
<ref name="circles"/>
<ref name="cities"/>
<ref name="communes"/>
<ref name="counties"/>
<ref name="departments"/>
<ref name="divisions"/>
<ref name="governorates"/>
<ref name="localities"/>
<ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
<ref name="parishes"/>
<ref name="prefectures"/>
<ref name="quarters"/>
<ref name="ruralcd"/>
<ref name="sections"/>
<ref name="sectors"/>
<ref name="states"/>
<ref name="subdistricts"/>
<ref name="subprefectures"/>
<ref name="subregions"/>
<ref name="territories"/>
<ref name="towns"/>
<ref name="townships"/>
<ref name="villages"/>
<ref name="wards"/>
}}

==Table==
<div style="font-size:90%;">
{| style="width:100%;" class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="width:24%; font-size:140%;"| Country

!colspan="5" style="font-size:140%;"| Administrative divisions  
|-
! style="width:19%;"| [[:Category:First-level administrative country subdivisions|First-level]]
! style="width:19%;"| [[:Category:Second-level administrative country subdivisions|Second-level]]
! style="width:19%;"| [[:Category:Third-level administrative country subdivisions|Third-level]]
! style="width:19%;"| [[:Category:Fourth-level administrative country subdivisions|Fourth-level]] and smaller
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Afghanistan}}
| [[Provinces of Afghanistan|34 ''velaya'at'']] p
| [[Districts of Afghanistan|399 ''woleswali'']] d
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Albania}}
| [[Counties of Albania|12 ''qarqe'']] <ref name="counties">[[County|counties]].</ref><ref>or ''prefektura'' ([[prefecture]]s).</ref>
| [[Districts of Albania|36 ''rrethe'']] d
| [[Municipalities of Albania|65 ''bashki'']] m 399 ''[[Communes of Albania|komunë]]'' <ref name="communes">[[Commune (country subdivision)|commune]]s.</ref>
| 66 ''[[List of cities in Albania|qytete]]''<ref name="cities">[[cities]].</ref> 2,834 ''[[Villages of Albania|fshatra]]'' <ref name="villages"/><ref>http://aac-al.org/qarku.php?l=e&idr=19</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Algeria}}
| [[Provinces of Algeria|48 ''wilayas'']] p
| [[Districts of Algeria|553 ''daïras'']] <ref name="circles">[[Circle (country subdivision)|circle]]s.</ref>
| [[List of municipalities of Algeria|1,541 ''baladiyahs'']] m<ref name="Baladiyah">[[Baladiyah]], formerly the French word ''commune'' was used</ref>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Andorra}}
| [[Parishes of Andorra|7 ''parròquies'']] <ref name="parishes">[[parish]]es.</ref>m
| 17 ''quarts'' <ref name="quarters">[[Quarter (country subdivision)|quarter]]s.</ref> 
10 ''veïnats'' <ref name="neighbourhoods">[[neighbourhood]]s.</ref> 
33 [villages]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Angola}}
| [[Provinces of Angola|18 ''províncias'']] p
| [[Municipalities of Angola|163 ''municípios'']] <ref>city councils</ref>m
| [[Communes of Angola|618 ''comunas'']]
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| [[Parishes and dependencies of Antigua and Barbuda|6 parishesi 2 dependencies]]
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Argentina}}
| [[Provinces of Argentina|22 ''provincias'']] p
| [[Departments of Argentina|376 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments">[[Department (country subdivision)|department]]s.</ref> d (m)<ref>In [[La Rioja Province (Argentina)|La Rioja]], [[Mendoza Province|Mendoza]] and [[San Juan Province (Argentina)|San Juan]] Provinces</ref>
| [[Municipalities of Argentina|''municipalidad'']] <ref name="or partidos">or ''partidos''.</ref>m
| ''localidades''
|-
| [[Buenos Aires Province]] p
| [[partido|135 ''partidos'']] d m
| ''cities'' and ''towns''
|
|-
| [[Buenos Aires]]c d m<ref name="autonomous">[[Autonomous area]] or areas; see [[List of autonomous areas by country]].</ref>
|
| [[Barrios and Communes of Buenos Aires#Communes|15 ''comunas'']] <ref name="communes"/>
| 48 ''[[barrio]]s'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Armenia}}
| [[Provinces of Armenia|10 ''marzer'']] <ref>or ''gavaṙ''.</ref>p [[Yerevan]]c
| [[Municipalities of Armenia|915 ''hamaynkner'']] m
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Australia}}
| [[States and territories of Australia|6 states 9 territories]], including: 
- 5 external territories {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Ashmore and Cartier Islands]] {{flag|Christmas Island}} {{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}} {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Coral Sea Islands]] {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] 
- 1 external autonomous territory<ref name="autonomous"/> 
{{flag|Norfolk Island}}
|562 [[Local Government Areas of Australia|Local Government Areas]]<ref>consisting of [[shire]]s, [[borough]]s, cities, rural cities, towns, district councils, community government councils, municipalities, community development trusts and an aboriginal council.</ref>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Austria}}
| [[States of Austria|9 ''Bundesländer'']] <ref name="states">[[State (country subdivision)|state]]s.</ref>
| [[Districts of Austria|84 ''Politische Bezirke'']] d [[Statutory City|15 ''Statutarstädte'']] <ref name="cities"/>
| [[Gemeinde|2,342 ''Gemeinden'']] m<ref name="communes"/>
| [[Katastralgemeinde|7,800+ ''Katastralgemeinden'']] <ref>"cadastral municipalities".</ref>
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Azerbaijan}}
|
| [[Districts of Azerbaijan|59 ''rayonlar'']] d 11 ''şəhərlər'' <ref name="cities"/>
|
|
|-
| [[Nakhichevan|1 ''muxtar respublika'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Raion|7 ''rayonlar'']] d [[Nakhichevan City|1 ''şəhər'']] <ref name="cities"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Bahamas}}
| [[Districts of the Bahamas|31 districts]]m [[New Providence]]
| [[Township|42 townships]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bahrain}}
| [[Governorates of Bahrain|5 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates">[[governorate]]s.</ref>m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bangladesh}}
| [[Divisions of Bangladesh|7 ''bibhag'']] <ref name="divisions">[[Division (country subdivision)|division]]s.</ref>
| [[Districts of Bangladesh|64 ''zilla'']] d
| [[Subdistricts of Bangladesh|474 ''upozilla'']] d
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Barbados}}
| [[Parishes of Barbados|11 parishes]]i
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Belarus}}
| [[Provinces of Belarus|6 ''voblastsi'']] p [[Minsk]]c
| ''[[Raion|127 raën]]'' d
| ''[[Selsoviet|1,448 syélski savyét]]''<ref name="ruralcd" />
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Belgium}}
| [[Regions of Belgium|3 ''gewesten'']] <ref>[[Dutch language|Dutch]]; alternatively [[French language|French]]:''régions'' or [[German language|German]]:''Regionen''.</ref>r
| [[Provinces of Belgium|10 ''provincies'']] <ref>[[Dutch language|Dutch]]; alternatively [[French language|French]]:''provinces'' or [[German language|German]]:''Provinzen''.</ref>p
| [[Arrondissements of Belgium|43 ''arrondissementen'']] <ref>[[Dutch language|Dutch]]; alternatively [[French language|French]]:''arrondissements'' or [[German language|German]]:''Arrondissements''.</ref>d
| [[Municipalities of Belgium|589 ''gemeenten'']] <ref>[[Dutch language|Dutch]]; alternatively [[French language|French]]:''communes'' or [[German language|German]]:''Gemeinden''.</ref>m
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Belize}}
| [[Districts of Belize|6 districts]]
| [[Constituencies of Belize|31 constituencies]]
| 180+ local councils
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Benin}}
| [[Departments of Benin|12 ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Communes of Benin|77 communes]]
| [[Arrondissements of Benin|149 ''arrondissements'']]
| [villages] <ref name="villages">[[village]]s, village areas or village groups.</ref> [city districts] d
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bhutan}}
| [[Districts of Bhutan|20 ''dzongkhag'']] d
| [[Blocks of Bhutan|205 ''gewog'']] <ref name="blocks">[[Block (country subdivision)|block]]s.</ref><ref name="villages"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bolivia}}
| [[Departments of Bolivia|9 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Provinces of Bolivia|112 ''provincias'']] p
| [[Municipios of Bolivia|314 ''municipios'']] <ref name="sections">sections.</ref><ref>or ''municipios'' (municipalities).</ref>
| [[Cantons of Bolivia|1,384 ''cantones'']] <ref name="cantons">[[Canton (country subdivision)|canton]]s.</ref>
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
| [[Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
| [[Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina|10 ''kantona'']] <ref name="cantons"/>
| 79 ''općine'' m
|
|-
| [[Republika Srpska]]
|
| [[Municipalities of Republika Srpska|63 ''opštine'']] m
|
|-
|colspan="4"| [[Brčko District]]
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Botswana}}
| [[Districts of Botswana|9 districts]] m
| [[Sub-districts of Botswana|19 sub-districts]] <ref name="subdistricts">[[subdistrict]]s.</ref>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Brazil}}
|colspan= "4" | [[States of Brazil|27 ''unidades federativas'']] <ref name="federative units">Federative units.</ref>:
|-
| [[States of Brazil|26 ''estados'']] <ref name="states"/>
| [[Municipalities of Brazil|5,564 ''municípios'']] m
|
|
|-
| [[Brazilian Federal District|Distrito Federal]]c
| [[List of administrative regions in Distrito Federal|29 ''regiões administrativas'']] <ref name="administrative regions">Administrative regions.</ref>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Brunei}}
| [[Districts of Brunei|4 ''daerah-daerah'']] d
| [[Mukims of Brunei|38 ''mukim'']] p
| ''kampung'' <ref name="villages"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bulgaria}}
| [[Provinces of Bulgaria|28 ''oblasti'']] p
| [[Municipalities of Bulgaria|287 ''obshtini'']] m<ref name="communes"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Burkina Faso}}
| [[Regions of Burkina Faso|13 ''régions'']]
| [[Provinces of Burkina Faso|45 ''provinces'']]
| [[Communes of Burkina Faso|325 ''communes'']] <ref name="communes"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Burundi}}
| [[Provinces of Burundi|17 ''provinces'']]
| [[Communes of Burundi|121 ''communes'']] <ref name="communes"/>d
| [[Collines of Burundi|2,639 ''collines'']] <ref>lit. "hills"</ref>
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="4" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Cambodia}}
|-
|rowspan="2"| [[Provinces of Cambodia|24 ''khêt'']] p
| [[Districts and Sections of Cambodia|159 ''srŏk'']] d
| ''khum'' <ref name="communes"/>
| ''sangkat'' <ref name="quarters"/> then ''phum''<ref name="villages"/>
|-
| [[Districts and Sections of Cambodia|''26 krong'']]m
| ''sangkat''<ref name="quarters"/>
| ''phum''<ref name="villages"/> then ''krom''<ref name="groups">groups.</ref>
|-
| [[Phnom Penh]]c
| ''8 khan''<ref name="sections"/>
| ''sangkat''<ref name="quarters"/>
| ''phum''<ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Cameroon}}
| [[Regions of Cameroon|10 ''regions'']]
| [[Departments of Cameroon|50+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| 310+ ''arrondissements''
| [subdistricts] <ref name="subdistricts"/>
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="15" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Canada}}
|colspan= "4" | [[Provinces of Canada|10 provinces]]:
|-
|
: [[Alberta]]
| 19 [[List of census divisions of Alberta|census divisions]]
| 17 [[List of cities in Alberta|cities]] 
108 [[List of towns in Alberta|towns]] 
95 [[List of villages in Alberta|villages]] 
51 [[List of summer villages in Alberta|summer villages]] 
5 [[Specialized municipalities of Alberta|specialized municipalities]] 
64 [[List of municipal districts in Alberta|municipal districts]] 
3 [[Special Areas Board|special areas]] 
7 [[List of communities in Alberta#Improvement districts|improvement districts]] 
8 [[List of communities in Alberta#Métis settlements|Métis settlements]] <ref name=Alberta>{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2011code.pdf | title=2011 Municipal Codes | publisher=[[Alberta Municipal Affairs]] | date=2011-01-05 | accessdate=2011-06-22}}</ref>
|
|-
|
: [[British Columbia]]
| [[Regional districts of British Columbia|27 regional districts]] [[Stikine Region, British Columbia|1 region]]
| municipalities, regional district electoral areas
|
|-
|
: [[Manitoba]]
| [[Census divisions of Manitoba|23 census divisions]]
| municipalities, rural municipalities
|
|-
|
: [[New Brunswick]]
| [[Counties of New Brunswick|15 counties]]
| municipalities, parishes
|
|-
|
: [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]]
| [[Census divisions of Newfoundland and Labrador|10 census divisions]]
| municipalities, unorganized areas of census divisions
|
|-
|
: [[Nova Scotia]]
| [[Counties of Nova Scotia|18 counties]]
| [[List of communities in Nova Scotia|Municipalities, municipal districts, county subdivisions]]
|
|-
|
: [[Ontario]]
| [[Census divisions of Ontario|50 census divisions]]<ref>7 districts, [[Muskoka|1 district municipality]], 1 [[metropolitan municipality]], 9 [[Regional municipality|regional municipalities]], 9 united counties.</ref> (Counties, districts, regional municipalities, etc.)
| [[List of census subdivisions in Ontario|Municipalities, unorganized parts of census subdivisions, geographic townships]]
|Municipal wards
|-
|
: [[Prince Edward Island]]
| [[Counties of Prince Edward Island|3 counties]]
| Municipalities, lots
|
|-
|
: [[Quebec]]
| [[List of regions of Quebec|17 ''régions'']] [[Regional county municipalities of Quebec|90+ ''municipalités régionale de comté et territoires équivalent'']] <ref name="counties"/> [[Regional county municipalities of Quebec|3 ''communautés urbaines'']] <ref>"urban communities" (metropolitan municipalities).</ref>
| ''[[List of municipalities in Quebec|municipalités]]'', Unorganized areas
| ''arrondissements'' <ref name="boroughs">[[borough]]s.</ref>
|-
|
: [[Saskatchewan]]
| [[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|18 census divisions]]
| Municipalities, rural municipalities
|
|-
|colspan="4"| [[Territories of Canada|3 territories]]:
|-
|
: [[Northwest Territories]]
| [[Regions of the Northwest Territories|2 census divisions]]<ref>Northwest Territories can also be split into 5 administrative divisions</ref>
| [[List of communities in the Northwest Territories|34 municipalities]] unorganized parts of census divisions
|
|-
|
: [[Nunavut]]
| [[Regions of Nunavut|3 regions]]
| [[List of communities in Nunavut|26 municipalities]] unorganized parts of census divisions
|
|-
|
: [[Yukon]]
| 1 Region
| Municipalities, unorganized parts of census divisions
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Cape Verde}}
| [[Municipalities of Cape Verde|22 ''concelhos'']] <ref name="counties"/><ref>or ''municípios'' (municipalities).</ref>m
| [[Parishes of Cape Verde|30+ ''freguesias'']] <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Central African Republic}}
| [[Prefectures of the Central African Republic|16 ''préfectures'']] <ref name="prefectures">[[prefecture]]s.</ref> [[Bangui]]c<ref name="autonomous"/>
| 60+ ''[[Sub-prefectures of the Central African Republic|sous-préfectures]]'' <ref name="subprefectures">[[subprefecture]]s.</ref>
| 170+ ''communes''
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Chad}}
| [[Regions of Chad|22 ''régions'']] r
| [[Departments of Chad|40+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Sub-prefectures of Chad|sub-prefectures]]
| ''communautés rurales'' <ref name="ruralcd">rural communities or rural districts.</ref>
|-
|
: including [[N'Djamena]]c
| 10 ''arrondissements''
| ''communes''
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Chile}}
| [[Regions of Chile|15 ''regiones'']] r
| [[Provinces of Chile|50+ ''provincias'']] p
| [[Communes of Chile|320+ ''comunas'']] m
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="5" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|People's Republic of China}}
| "province" level:
----
[[Provinces of China|22 ''shěng'']] p [[Autonomous regions of China|5 ''zìzhìqū'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[Municipalities of China|4 ''zhíxiáshì'']] m
| "prefecture" level:
----
[[Prefecture-level cities of China|280+ ''dìjíshī'']] <ref name="cities"/> [[Prefectures of China|17 ''dìqū'']] <ref name="prefectures"/> [[Autonomous prefectures of China|30 ''zìzhìzhōu'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| "county" level:
----
[[County (People's Republic of China)|1400+ ''xiàn'']] <ref name="counties"/> [[Autonomous counties of China|110+ ''zìzhìxiàn'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[County-level districts of China|850+ ''(shìxiá)qū'']] d [[County-level districts of China|2 ''tèqū'']] <ref>special districts.</ref> [[County-level cities of China|370+ ''xiànjíshì'']] <ref name="cities"/> [[County-level districts of China|1 ''línqū'']] <ref>forestry district.</ref>
| "township" level:
----
[[Towns of China|19500+ ''zhèn'']] <ref name="towns">[[town]]s.</ref> [[Townships of China|14600+ ''xiāng'']] <ref name="townships">[[township]]s.</ref> 1000+ ''mínzúxiāng'' <ref name="ethnictownships">ethnic townships.</ref> [[Subdistricts of China|6100+ ''jiēbàn'']] <ref name="subdistricts"/><ref>or ''jiēdàobànshìchù''.</ref> [[District public offices of China|11 ''qūgōngsuǒ'']] <ref>"district public offices".</ref> then
----
Urban areas: [[Residential communities of China|''shèqū'']] <ref>[[Residential community|(residential) communities]].</ref> or [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China|''jūmínqū'']] <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
----
Rural areas: [[Villages of China|''cūnjí'']] <ref name="villages"/><ref>either ''zìráncūnjí'' ("natural" villages) or ''xíngzhèngcūnjí'' (bureaucratic villages, i.e. created for administrative convenience).</ref>
|-
| [[Inner Mongolia]] (one of the five ''zìzhìqū'')
| [[Leagues of Inner Mongolia|3 ''méng'']] <ref>"leagues"; [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]:''chuulghan''.</ref>
| [[Banners of Inner Mongolia|40+ ''qí'']] <ref>[[Banner (Inner Mongolia)|banner]]s.</ref> [[Autonomous banners of China|3 ''zìzhìqí'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Townships of Inner Mongolia|180+ ''sūmù'']] <ref name="townships"/> [[Ethnic townships of Inner Mongolia|1 ''mínzúsūm'']] <ref name="ethnictownships"/> then urban and rural divisions as above.
|-
|colspan="4"| [[Special administrative regions of China|2 ''tèbiéxíngzhèngqū'']] <ref name="SARs">[[Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China|special administrative regions]].</ref> :
|-
| {{flag|Hong Kong}}
| [[Districts of Hong Kong|18 districts]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Macau}}
| [[Districts of Macau|2 ''concelhos'']] d
| [[Parishes of Macau|5 ''freguesias'']] <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Colombia}}
| [[Departments of Colombia|32 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/> [[Bogotá]]c
| [[Municipalities of Colombia|1100+ ''municipios'']] m
| [[Corregimientos of Colombia|2000+ ''corregimientos'']] <ref name="towns"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Comoros}}
| [[Islands of Comoros|3 [autonomous islands]]] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| municipalities
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="5" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}<ref>[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], also known as ''Congo-Kinshasa''.</ref>
|rowspan= "5"| [[Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|10 ''provinces'']] [[Kinshasa]]c
|colspan="3"| [[Territories of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|''territoires'' (districts)]] <ref name="territories">[[Territory (country subdivision)|territories]].</ref> 
|-
|colspan= "3"|
: ''mairies'' <ref>urban areas.</ref> :
|-
|
:: [cities]
| ''communes''
| ''quartiers'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/><ref name="quarters"/>
|-
|colspan= "3"|
: ''territoriale'' <ref>rural areas.</ref> :
|-
|
|
| [towns] then ''quartiers'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/><ref name="quarters"/>
----
''cheffries'' <ref name="sectors">sectors.</ref> then ''villages''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Republic of the Congo}}<ref>also known as ''Congo-Brazzaville''.</ref>
| [[Departments of the Republic of the Congo|12 ''departments'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Districts of the Republic of the Congo|80+ [districts]]] d
| [[Communes of the Republic of the Congo|''communes'']]
|
|- valign= "top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Costa Rica}}
| [[Provinces of Costa Rica|7 ''provincias'']] p
| [[Cantons of Costa Rica|81 ''cantones'']]
| 450+ [districts] d
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Côte d'Ivoire}}<ref>Also known as the ''Ivory Coast''.</ref>
| [[Regions of Côte d'Ivoire|19 ''régions'']] r
| [[Departments of Côte d'Ivoire|50+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| 180+ ''sous-préfectures'' <ref name="subprefectures"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Croatia}}
| [[Counties of Croatia|21 ''županije'']] <ref name="counties"/> [[Zagreb]]c
| 127 ''gradovi'' <ref name="towns"/> 429 ''[[Municipalities of Croatia|općine]]'' m
| 4117+ ''[[local community|mjesnih odbora]]'' (''gradske četvrti'' [Zagreb], ''gradski kotari'' [Split])
| 6700+ ''[[Naselje|naselja]]''
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Cuba}}
| [[Provinces of Cuba|14 ''provincias'']] p [[Havana]]c
| 160+ ''[[Municipalities of Cuba|municipios]]'' m
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Cyprus}}
| [[Districts of Cyprus|6 ''eparchies'']] d
| 610 ''communities'' m
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Czech Republic}}
| [[Regions of the Czech Republic|14 ''kraje'']] r
| [[Districts of the Czech Republic|77 ''okresy'']] d<ref>[http://www.radio.cz/en/article/36046 but see]</ref> 3 ''statutární města'' <ref name="cities"/>
| ''města'', ''obce'' m<ref>''města'' ([[Grammatical number|sing.]] ''město'') translates as "cities" or "towns"; ''obce'' (sing. ''obec'') as "municipalities" or "communes".</ref>
| ''katastrální území'' <ref name="cadastral areas">"cadastral areas".</ref>
|-
| [[Prague]]c
| [[Districts of Prague|15? ''obvody'']] d
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="5" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Denmark}}, the Kingdom of
|colspan= "4"| 1 [senior member of the Kingdom]: {{flag|Denmark}}
|-
| [[Regions of Denmark|5 ''regioner'']] r
| [[Municipalities of Denmark|98 ''kommuner'']] m
|
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| 2 [autonomous countries within the Kingdom]:<ref name="autonomous"/>
|-
| {{flag|Faroe Islands}}
| [[Regions of the Faroe Islands|7 ''sýsla'']] <ref>or [[Danish language|Danish]]:''syssel''.</ref>r
| [[Municipalities of the Faroe Islands|30+ ''kommunur'']] m<ref name="communes"/>
|
|-
| {{flag|Greenland}}
| [[Administrative divisions of Greenland|4 ''kommuner'']] m<ref>or [townships].</ref>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Djibouti}}
| [[Regions of Djibouti|5 ''régions'']] m
| (15 [[Districts of Djibouti|districts]] )<ref>Due to be replaced by [communes] [http://www.statoids.com/udj.html]</ref>
|
|
|-
| [[Djibouti City]]c
| 6 ''arrondissements''
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Dominica}}
| [[Parishes of Dominica|10 parishes]] m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Dominican Republic}}
| [[Provinces of the Dominican Republic|31 ''provincias'']] p [[Distrito Nacional]]d
| 110+ ''[[Municipalities of the Dominican Republic|municipios]]'' m 40+ ''distritos municipales'' d
| ''secciones'' <ref name="sections"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|East Timor}}<ref>Timor-Leste.</ref>
| [[Districts of East Timor|13 [districts]]] d
| [[Subdistricts of East Timor|60+ [subdistricts]]] <ref name="subdistricts"/>
| (''sulos'', ''[[Sucos of East Timor|sucos]]'' <ref name="villages"/>)
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Ecuador}}
| [[Provinces of Ecuador|24 ''provincias'']] p
| [[Cantons of Ecuador|210+ ''cantones'']] <ref name="cantons"/>
| 1000+ ''parròquias'' <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Egypt}}
| [[Governorates of Egypt|29 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>
| [[Markazes of Egypt|232 ''markazes'']]
| 217 + cities
| 4617 + villages
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|El Salvador}}
| [[Departments of El Salvador|14 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| 260+ ''[[Municipalities of El Salvador|municipios]]'' m
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Equatorial Guinea}}
| [[Provinces of Equatorial Guinea|7 ''provincias'']] p
| 30 ''distritos'' d
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Eritrea}}
| [[Regions of Eritrea|6 ''zoba'']] r
| [[Districts of Eritrea|districts]] d
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Estonia}}<ref>Estonia's ''linnad'' (towns) and ''vallad'' (parishes) are known collectively as ''omavalitsused'' (municipalities).</ref>
|rowspan="2"| [[Counties of Estonia|15 ''maakonnad'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Municipalities of Estonia|33 ''linnad'']] <ref name="towns"/>m
| ''linnaosad'' d
| ''asumid'' <ref name="subdistricts"/>
|-
| [[Municipalities of Estonia|193 ''vallad'']] <ref name="communes"/><ref name="parishes"/>m
| ''kandid'' <ref name="quarters"/> 
| ''linnad'' <ref name="towns"/> ''alevid'' <ref name="boroughs"/> ''alevikud''<ref>Small boroughs</ref> ''külad'' <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Ethiopia}}
| [[Regions of Ethiopia|9 ''kililoch'']] r<ref name="states"/> 2 ''astedader akababiwach'' <ref name="cities"/>
| ([[Zones of Ethiopia|zones]]?) 12 ''rasgez akababiwach'' <ref name="autonomous"/>
| 600+ ''[[woreda]]'' (''wereda'')d
| ''kebeles'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/><ref name="wards">[[Ward (country subdivision)|ward]]s.</ref>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Fiji}}
| [[Divisions of Fiji|4 divisions 1 dependency]]
| [[Provinces of Fiji|15 provinces]] m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Finland}}
| [[Regions of Finland|19 ''maakuntaa'']] p
| [[Subregions of Finland|70+ ''seutukuntaa'']] <ref name="subregions">subregions.</ref> d
| [[Municipalities of Finland|430+ ''kuntaa'']] <ref>consisting of ''kaupungit'' (urban communes) and ''kunnat'' (rural communes).</ref> m
|
|-
| ''[[Åland|1 itsehallinnollinen maakuntaa]]''<ref name="autonomous"/> p: 
{{flag|Åland}}
| [[Municipalities of Åland|16 ''kommuner (kuntaa)'']] m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="13" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|France}}
| [[Regions of France|27 ''régions'']], including:
- ''[[Overseas region|5 régions d'outre-mer]]'' 
{{flag|French Guiana}} 
{{flag|Guadeloupe}} 
{{flag|Martinique}} 
{{flag|Mayotte}} 
{{flag|Réunion}} 
- ''[[Corsica|1 sui generis collectivité territoriale]]''  <ref>Including 5 overseas regions and [[Corsica]] as a ''collectivité territoriale'' (territorial collectivity).</ref> r 
|[[Departments of France|101 ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/> p 
| [[Arrondissements of France|342 ''arrondissements'']] d 
| [[Communes of France|36781 ''communes'']] m 
|-
|colspan= "4"| 1 [state private property under the direct authority of the French government]: [[Clipperton Island]]
|-
|colspan= "4"| ''[[Overseas collectivity|5 collectivités d'outre-mer]]'' <ref name="COM">a ''collectivité d'outre-mer'' (overseas collectivity).</ref>
|-
| {{flag|French Polynesia}}<ref>also known as a ''pays d'outre-mer'' (overseas country).</ref>
| [[Administrative divisions of French Polynesia|5 ''subdivisions administratives'']]
| [[Administrative divisions of French Polynesia|40+ ''communes'']]
|
|-
| {{flag|Saint-Barthélemy}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Saint-Martin}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Saint-Pierre and Miquelon}}
| 2 ''communes''
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}
| 3 ''royaumes coutumiers'' <ref>kingdoms.</ref>
| 3 [districts] d
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| ''[[New Caledonia|1 collectivité sui generis]]''
|-
| {{flag|New Caledonia}}
| [[Provinces of New Caledonia|3 ''provinces'']]
| [[Communes of New Caledonia|30+ ''communes'']]
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| ''[[Overseas territory (France)|1 territoire d'outre-mer]]'' <ref name="territories"/><ref>a ''[[territoire d'outre-mer]]'' (overseas territory).</ref>
|-
| {{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}
| 4 [districts] d
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|colspan="5"| ''For French Southern and Antarctic Lands, see ''France'' above.''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Gabon}}
| [[Provinces of Gabon|9 ''provinces'']]
| [[Departments of Gabon|30+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Gambia}}
| [[Divisions of The Gambia|5 divisions]] [[Banjul]]c
| [[Districts of The Gambia|30+ districts]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Georgia}}
| [[Regions of Georgia (country)|9 ''mkhare'' p 2 ''avt'onomiuri resp'ublik'a'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[Tbilisi]]c
| [[Districts of Georgia (country)|53 ''raioni'' d 6 ''sak'alak'o t'erit'oria'']] <ref name="cities"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Germany}}
| [[States of Germany|16 ''Länder'']] <ref name="states"/><ref>or, informally, ''Bundesländer''.</ref>
| 22 ''[[Regierungsbezirk]]e'' <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Districts of Germany|430+ ''Kreise'']] d then ''[[Ämt]]er'' <ref>"offices".</ref>
| [[Municipalities of Germany|12300+ ''Gemeinden'']] m
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Ghana}}
|rowspan= "3"| [[Regions of Ghana|10 regions]]
| [[Districts of Ghana|120+ districts]]
|
|
|-
| 8 municipal districts
| zones
|
|-
| 3 metropolitan districts
| submetropolitan districts
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Greece}}
| [[Peripheries of Greece|13 ''periphereies'']] and [[Mount Athos|1 ''aftonomi monastiki politeia'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Prefectures of Greece|54 ''nomoi'']], ''[[Mount Athos]]''
| [[Provinces of Greece|147 ''eparchies'' (abolished in 2006)]] p
| [[Municipalities of Greece|270+ ''demoi'']] m then [localities] <ref name="localities">localities.</ref> ([communes] <ref name="communes"/>?) ('''3rd level administration entities''')
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Grenada}}
| [[Parishes of Grenada|6 parishes]]i [[Carriacou and Petite Martinique|1 dependency]]
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Guatemala}}
| [[Departments of Guatemala|22 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| ''[[Municipalities of Guatemala|332 ''municipios]]'' m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Guinea}}
|rowspan= "2"| [[Regions of Guinea|8 ''régions'']] r
| [[Prefectures of Guinea|33 ''préfectures'']] <ref name="prefectures"/>
| [[Sub-prefectures of Guinea|330+ ''sous-préfectures'']] <ref name="subprefectures"/>
|rowspan="2"| [districts] d [sectors] <ref name="sectors"/>
|-
| [[Conakry]]c
| 5 ''communes''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Guinea-Bissau}}
| [[Regions of Guinea-Bissau|8 ''regiões'']] r [[Bissau Region|1 ''sector autónomo'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Sectors of Guinea-Bissau|30+ ?''setores'']] <ref name="sectors"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Guyana}}
| [[Regions of Guyana|10 regions]]
| [[Neighborhood Councils of Guyana|27 neighborhood councils]]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Haiti}}
| [[Departments of Haiti|10 ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Arrondissements of Haiti|30+ ''arrondissements'']] d
| [[Communes of Haiti|''communes'']] m
| ''sections'' <ref>''sections communales'' (communal sections).</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Honduras}}
| [[Departments of Honduras|18 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Municipalities of Honduras|298 ''municipios'']] m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Hungary}}
| [[Counties of Hungary|19 ''megyék'' 23 ''megyei jogú város'']] <ref name="counties"/> [[Budapest]]c
| [[Subregions of Hungary|173 subregions]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Iceland}}
| [[Regions of Iceland|8 regions]] i
| [[Counties of Iceland|26 ''Syslumadur'']] d
| [[Municipalities of Iceland|79 ''sveitarfélög'']] m
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|India}}
| [[States and territories of India|28 states 7 territories]]
| Divisions
| [[Districts of India|600+ districts]]
| [[Tehsil|''tehsils'' (''tahsils'', ''tahasils''), ''taluks'' (''talukas'')]] <ref name="counties"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Indonesia}}
| [[Provinces of Indonesia|33 ''provinsi'']] <ref>or ''propinsi-propinsi'', [[Grammatical number|sing.]] ''propinsi''.</ref>p including [[Special regions of Indonesia|5 ''daerah istimewa'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> including [[Jakarta]]c
| [[Regencies of Indonesia|340+ ''kabupaten'']] <ref name="regencies">regencies.</ref> [[Cities of Indonesia|90+ ''kota'']] <ref name="cities"/><ref>formerly ''kotamadya'' (municipalities).</ref>
| [[Subdistricts of Indonesia|''kecamatan'']] <ref name="subdistricts"/>
| [[Villages of Indonesia|''desa'', ''kelurahan'']] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Iran}}
| [[Provinces of Iran|30 ''ostanha'']] p
| 310+ ''[[Counties of Iran|shahrestan]]'' <ref name="counties"/>
| ''bakhsh'' d
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Iraq}}
| [[Governorates of Iraq|18 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>p
| [[Districts of Iraq|? ''aqdyat'']] d<ref>sometimes translated as "shires" or "counties".</ref>
| ?''nahiyat'' <ref name="counties"/>?
| ?''qaryat'' <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Ireland}}
| [[Local government in the Republic of Ireland|29 counties and 5 cities]]<ref name="cities"/><ref name="counties"/>
| [[List of cities, boroughs and towns in the Republic of Ireland|5 boroughs]]<ref name="boroughs"/> and [[List of cities, boroughs and towns in the Republic of Ireland|75 towns]].<ref name="towns"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Israel}}
| [[Districts of Israel|6 ''mehozot'']] d
| 15 ''nafot'' <ref name="subdistricts"/>
| 50 [natural regions]
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Italy}}
| [[Regions of Italy|15 ''regioni'']] r [[Autonomous regions with special statute (Italy)|5 ''regioni autonome'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Provinces of Italy|107 ''province'']] p [[Autonomous regions with special statute (Italy)|2+1 ''province autonome'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Communes of Italy|8098 ''comuni'']] <ref name="communes"/>m
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Jamaica}}
| [[Parishes of Jamaica|14 parishes]] m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Japan}}
| [[Prefectures of Japan|47 ''todōfuken'']] <ref name="divisions"/><ref name="prefectures"/><ref>''todōfuken'' : ''to'' (metropolis, viz. [[Tokyo]]) + ''dō'' (territory, viz. [[Hokkaidō]]) + ''fu'' (2 urban prefectures, viz. [[Kyoto]] and [[Osaka]]) + ''ken'' (43 prefectures)</ref>
| [[Subprefectures of Japan|28 ''shichō'']] <ref name="subprefectures"/> [[Designated cities of Japan|15 ''seirei shitei toshi'']] <ref name="cities"/>
| [[Municipalities of Japan|1800+ ''shichōsonku'']] m<ref>''shichōsonku'' : [[Cities of Japan|''shi'']] (city) + [[Towns of Japan|''chō'']] (town) + [[Villages of Japan|''son'']] (village) + [[Wards of Japan|''ku'']] (wards, boroughs)</ref>
| ''ōaza'', ''aza'', ''chō'', ''chōme''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Jordan}}
| [[Governorates of Jordan|12 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>
| 50+ ''[[Nahias of Jordan|nahia]]''
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Kazakhstan}}
| [[Provinces of Kazakhstan|14 ''oblıstar'']] p 3 ''qalalar'' <ref name="cities"/>
| [[Raions of Kazakhstan|319 ''awdandar'']] d ''oblıstıq qalalar''
| ''kentter''
| ''awıl aymaqtar''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Kenya}}
| 8 [[Provinces of Kenya|''mkoa'']] p [[Nairobi]]c
| 70+ [[Districts of Kenya|districts]]
| 260+ [[Divisions of Kenya|''tarafa'']] <ref name="divisions"/>
| 2400+ [[Locations of Kenya|''mtaa'']] <ref name="localities"/> then ''kijiji'' <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Kiribati}}
|[[Districts of Kiribati|24 Island councils]]m 12 uninhabited islands/atolls
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|North Korea}}
| [[Provinces of North Korea|9 ''do'']] p 3 [SARs] <ref name="SARs"/> [[Directly-governed cities of North Korea|2 ''chikhalsi'']] <ref name="cities"/>
| 150+ ''[[List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea|kun]]'' (''gun'') <ref name="counties"/> [[Cities of North Korea|''si'']] <ref name="cities"/> ''kuyŏk'' <ref name="wards"/> ''ku'' (''gu'') and ''chigu'' d 1 ''t'ŭkkŭpsi'' <ref name="cities"/>
| ''tong'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/> ''ri'' <ref name="villages"/> ''rodongjagu'' d
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|South Korea}}
| [[Provinces of South Korea|9 ''do'']] p [[Jeju-do|1 ''teukbyeol jachido'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Cities of South Korea|''si'']] <ref name="cities"/> ''gun'' (''kun'') <ref name="counties"/>
| ''gu'' (''ku'') d<ref name="boroughs"/> ''eup'' <ref name="towns"/>
| ''dong'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/> ''ri'' <ref name="villages"/>
|-
| [[Metropolitan cities of South Korea|6 ''gwangyeoksi'']] <ref name="cities"/>
| ''gu'' (''ku'') d ''gun'' (''kun'') <ref name="counties"/>
| ''dong'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/> ''eup'' <ref name="towns"/> ''myeon'' <ref name="townships"/>
| ''ri'' <ref name="villages"/>
|-
| [[Seoul]]c
| ''gu'' (''ku'') d<ref name="boroughs"/>
| ''dong'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Kuwait}}
| [[Governorates of Kuwait|6 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Kyrgyzstan}}
| [[Provinces of Kyrgyzstan|7 ''oblasttar'']] p [[Independent cities of Kyrgyzstan|2 ''šaarlar (keneš)'']] <ref name="cities"/>
| [[Raions of Kyrgyzstan|40+ ''rayonlar'']] d [[Towns of Kyrgyzstan|14 ''gorkeneš'']] <ref name="towns"/>
| ''aiyl okmotus'' <ref name="ruralcd"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Laos}}
| [[Provinces of Laos|16 ''khoueng'']] p [[Vientiane]]c
| 140+ ''[[Districts of Laos|muang]]'' <ref>or ''muong''.</ref>d
| ''baan'' <ref name="villages"/>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Latvia}}
| [[Administrative divisions of Latvia|109 ''novadi'']] m 9 ''Republikas pilsētas'' <ref name="cities"/>
| [[List of cities in Latvia|67 ''pilsētas'']] <ref name="towns"/> 470+ ''pagasti'' m<ref name="parishes"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Lebanon}}
| [[Governorates of Lebanon|6 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>
| [[Districts of Lebanon|26 ''qadya'']] d<ref name="counties"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Lesotho}}
| [[Districts of Lesotho|10 districts]]
| [[Constituencies of Lesotho|80+ constituencies]]
| [[Community councils of Lesotho|120+ community councils]]
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Liberia}}
| [[Counties of Liberia|15 counties]]
| [[Districts of Liberia|60+ districts]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Libya}}
| [[Districts of Libya|22 ''sha'biyat'']] m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Liechtenstein}}
| [[Municipalities of Liechtenstein|11 ''Gemeinden'']] m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Lithuania}}
| [[Counties of Lithuania|10 ''apskritys'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Municipalities of Lithuania|43 ''rajono savivaldybė'']] <ref>"district municipalities".</ref>m [[Municipalities of Lithuania|9 ''savivaldybės'']] m [[Municipalities of Lithuania|8 ''miesto savivaldybė'']] <ref>"city municipalities".</ref>m
| [[Elderships of Lithuania|500+ ''seniūnijos'']] <ref>elderships, elderates.</ref>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Luxembourg}}
| [[Districts of Luxembourg|3 [districts]]]
| [[Cantons of Luxembourg|12 ''cantons'']] <ref>[[French language|French]]; alternatively [[German language|German]]:''Kantone''.</ref>
| [[Communes of Luxembourg|110+ ''communes'']] <ref>[[French language|French]]; alternatively [[German language|German]]:''Gemeinden''.</ref>m
| [[Quarters of Luxembourg|24 ''quartierën'']] <ref>[[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]]; alternatively [[French language|French]]:''quartiers'', [[German language|German]]:''Stadtvierteln''.</ref>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Macedonia}}
|[[Statistical Regions of Macedonia|8 ''regioni'']] i
|[[Municipalities of the Republic of Macedonia|84 ''opštini'']] m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Madagascar}}
| [[Provinces of Madagascar|6 ''faritanin' mizakatena'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>i
| [[Regions of Madagascar|22 ''faritra'']] r
| ?''departemanta'' <ref name="departments"/> or 110+ ?''fivondronana'' <ref>or ''fivondronampokontany''.</ref>
| 1200+ ?''firaisana'' <ref>or ''firaisampokontany''.</ref> or ?''kaominina'' <ref name="communes"/> then 11000+ ?''fokontany'' <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Malawi}}
| [[Regions of Malawi|3 regions]]
| [[Districts of Malawi|27 districts]]
| (130+ ["traditional authorities"])
| (60+ ["subchiefdoms"])
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Malaysia}}
| [[States of Malaysia|13 ''negeri'']] [[Federal territories of Malaysia|3 ''wilayah persekutuan'']] <ref>federal territories.</ref>
| [divisions] <ref name="divisions"/><ref>in [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] states.</ref> [[Districts of Malaysia|130+ ''daerah'']] <ref>in [[Kelantan]]:''jajahan''.</ref>d
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Maldives}}
| [[Administrative divisions of the Maldives|7 provinces]] [[Malé]]c
|[[Administrative divisions of the Maldives|20 [atolls]]]<ref>also known as [[districts]].</ref>m [[Malé]]c
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mali}}
| [[Regions of Mali|8 régions]] [[Bamako]]c
| [[Circles of Mali|40+ ''cercles'']] <ref name="circles"/>
| [[Arrondissements of Mali|1400+ ''arrondissements'']] <ref>or ''communes''.</ref>
| [[Communes of Mali|700+ ''communes'']]
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Malta}}
| [[Local councils of Malta|68 ''kunsilli lokali'' (local councils)]]m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Marshall Islands}}
| [[Municipalities of the Marshall Islands|24 municipalities]]m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mauritania}}
| [[Regions of Mauritania|12 ''régions'']] <ref>or [[Wilayah|''wilaya'at'']].</ref>r [[Nouakchott]]c
| [[Departments of Mauritania|50+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/><ref>or ''moughataas''.</ref>
| [[Communes of Mauritania|200+ ''communes'']]
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mauritius}}
| [[Districts and dependencies of Mauritius|1 region 9 districts 2 dependencies]]
| 14 zones 120+ town, village councils
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mexico}}
| [[States of Mexico|31 ''estados'']] <ref name="states"/>
| [[Municipalities of Mexico|2400+ ''municipios'']] m
|
|
|-
| [[Mexico City]]c
| [[Boroughs of the Mexican Federal District|16 ''delegaciones'']] <ref name="boroughs"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Federated States of Micronesia}}
| [[States of the Federated States of Micronesia|4 states]]
| [[Municipalities of the Federated States of Micronesia|70+ municipalities]]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Moldova}}
| [[Districts of Moldova|32 ''raioane'']] d 3 ''municipiu'' <ref name="cities"/> [[Gagauzia|1 ''unitate teritorială autonomă'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[Transnistria|1 ''unitatea teritorială'']] <ref name="territories"/>
| 15 [municipalities] m 50 [cities] <ref name="cities"/> 60+ [city localities] <ref name="localities"/> 660+ [villages] <ref name="communes"/><ref name="villages"/> 880+ [village localities] <ref name="localities"/>
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Monaco}}
| 1 ''commune''i
| [[Quarters of Monaco|10 ''quartiers'']] <ref name="quarters"/>i
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mongolia}}
| [[Aimags of Mongolia|21 ''aimags'']] p
| [[Sums of Mongolia|331 ''sums'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| 1538 ''bags''
|
|-
| 1 [[Ulan Bator|''khot'']] m
| [[Düüreg|9 ''düüregs'']] d
| [[Khoroo|132 ''khoroos'']]
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Montenegro}}
| [[Municipalities of Montenegro|21 ''opštine'']] m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Morocco}}
|rowspan= "2"| [[Regions of Morocco|16 [regions]]] r <ref>some disputed; see [[Regions of Morocco]].</ref>
|rowspan="2"| 13 [[Prefectures and provinces of Morocco|prefectures]] <ref name="prefectures"/> 48 [provinces] p
| ''cercles'' <ref name="circles"/>
| ''communes rurales'' <ref name="communes"/>
|-
|
| [municipalities] m ''communes urbaines'' <ref name="communes"/> ''arrondissements''
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Mozambique}}
| [[Provinces of Mozambique|10 ''provincias'']] p [[Maputo]]c
| [[Districts of Mozambique|120+ ''distritos'']] d
| [[Postos of Mozambique|400+ ''postos'']]
| [urban districts] d ''localidades'' <ref name="localities"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Myanmar}}
| [[Divisions of Myanmar|7 ''taing detha gyi'']] (regions) <ref name="divisions"/><ref>Formerly divisions, until August 2010.</ref> [[States of Myanmar|7 ''pyi-neh'']] (states) <ref name="states"/>
| [[Districts of Myanmar|67 ''kayaing'']] d
| [[Townships of Myanmar|330 townships]] <ref name="townships"/>
| [towns] <ref name="towns"/> [wards] <ref name="wards"/> [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Namibia}}
| [[Regions of Namibia|13 regions]]
| [[Constituencies of Namibia|100+ constituencies]]
| municipalitiesm
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Nauru}}
| [[Districts of Nauru|14 districts]]i

|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Nepal}}
| [[Regions of Nepal|5 ''vikas kshetra'']] r
| [[Zones of Nepal|14 ''anchal'']]
| [[Districts of Nepal|75 [districts]]] d
| [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="7" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Netherlands}}, the Kingdom of
|colspan= "4"| 1 [country within the Kingdom that conducts its affairs]: {{flag|Netherlands}}
|-
| [[Provinces of the Netherlands|12 ''provincies'']] p
| [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|443 ''gemeenten'']] m
| ([[Deelgemeente|27 ''deelgemeenten'']]<ref name="boroughs"/>)
|
|-
| [[BES islands|3 ''bijzondere gemeenten'']] {{flag|Bonaire}} {{flag|Sint Eustatius}} {{flag|Saba}}
|
|
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| 3 [autonomous countries within the Kingdom]:<ref name="autonomous"/>
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Aruba}}
| 15 [[List of cities in Aruba|cities]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Curaçao}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Sint Maarten}}
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="6" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|New Zealand}}
| [[Regions of New Zealand|12 regions]] 4 [[Unitary authority|unitary authorities]]
| [[Territorial authorities of New Zealand|50+ districts 15 cities 1 special territorial authority]]
|
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Realm of New Zealand|2 states in free-association]]:<ref name="autonomous"/>
|-
| {{flag|Cook Islands}}
| [[Districts of the Cook Islands|10+ island councils]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Niue}}
| [[List of villages in Niue|14 villages]]
|
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Realm of New Zealand|1 self-administering territory]]:<ref name="autonomous"/>
|-
| {{flag|Tokelau}}
| 3 autonomous communities
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Nicaragua}}
| [[Departments of Nicaragua|15 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/> [[Zelaya (Nicaragua)|2 ''regiones autónomas'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| 150+ ''[[Municipalities of Nicaragua|municipios]]'' m
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Niger}}
| [[Regions of Niger|7 ''régions'']]  [[Niamey|''Communauté Urbaine de Niamey'']]c
| [[Departments of Niger|36 ''départements'']]
| [[Communes of Niger|265 ''communes'', ''communes urbaines'', ''communes rurales'', ''postes administratifs'']]<ref>[http://www.afdb.org/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/ADB_ADMIN_PG/DOCUMENTS/OPERATIONSINFORMATION/ADF_BD_WP_2003_65_E.PDF FONDS AFRICAIN DE DEVELOPPEMENT: ETUDE DE MOBILISATION DES EAUX DANS LA REGION DE MARADI NIGER]. DEPARTEMENT AGRICULTURE ET DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL, OCAR. [[African Development Bank]] Group, MARCH 2003
</ref>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Nigeria}}
| [[States of Nigeria|36 states]] [[Abuja]]c
| [[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|770+ ''Local Government Areas'']]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="3" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Norway}}
| [[Counties of Norway|19 ''fylker'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Municipalities of Norway|430 ''kommuner'']] m<ref name="communes"/>
|
|
|-
|[[List of possessions of Norway|2 integral overseas areas]]: {{flagicon|Norway}} [[Svalbard]] {{flagicon|Norway}} [[Jan Mayen]]
|
|
|
|-
|[[List of possessions of Norway|1 [dependencie]]]: {{flagicon|Norway}} [[Bouvet Island]]
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Oman}}
| [[Regions of Oman|5 ''minţaqat'']] r ''[[Governorates of Oman|4 muhāfazāt]]'' <ref name="governorates"/>
| [[Provinces of Oman|60+ ''wilaya'at'']] p
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Pakistan}}
| [[Provinces of Pakistan|4 provinces]] [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas|1 territory]] [[Islamabad]]c [[Pakistan-administered Kashmir|2 administered territories]]<ref>the [[Azad Kashmir]] and [[Northern Areas (Pakistan)|Northern Areas]] of [[Kashmir]].</ref>
| 100+ [[Districts of Pakistan|districts]] ?agencies
| ''tahsils'' <ref name="counties"/><ref>or ''tehsils''.</ref>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Palau}}
|[[States of Palau|16 states]] m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Palestinian territories}}
| [[West Bank]] [[Gaza Strip]]
| 16 [[Governorates of the Palestinian National Authority|governorates]] <ref name="governorates"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Panama}}
| [[Provinces of Panama|9 ''provincias'']] p 3 ''[[comarca]]s indígena'' r
| [[Districts of Panama|70+ ''distritos'']] d
| [[Corregimientos of Panama|''corregimientos'']] m 2 ''[[comarca]]s indígena'' r
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Papua New Guinea}}
| [[Regions of Papua New Guinea|4 regions]]i
| [[Provinces of Papua New Guinea|18 provinces]]
| [[List of Districts and LLGs of Papua New Guinea|districts]]
| [[List of Districts and LLGs of Papua New Guinea|Local-Level Government areas]]
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Paraguay}}
| [[Departments of Paraguay|17 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/> [[Asunción]]c
| [[Districts of Paraguay|230+ ''distritos'']] <ref>or ?''partidos''.</ref>d
| ''compañías'' ''municipios''
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Peru}}
| [[Regions of Peru|25 ''regiones'']] r
| 190+ ''[[Provinces of Peru|provincias]]'' p
| 1800+ ''[[Districts of Peru|distritos]]'' <ref name="or partidos"/>d
| 84000+ ''centros poblados'' → 1800+ ''centros poblados menores'' (as government entity) 80000+ [''centros poblados dispersos''] (only as censal unity)
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Philippines}}
| [[Regions of the Philippines|17 ''rehiyon'']] r<ref>including [[Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao|Muslim Mindanao]], an autonomous region.</ref>
| [[Provinces of the Philippines|79 ''lalawigan'']] <ref>or ''probinsya''.</ref>p [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|38 ''malayang lungsod'']] <ref>or ''siyudad''; cities independent from province, classified as either "highly urbanized" or "independent component" cities.</ref> [[Pateros, Metro Manila|1 ''malayang bayan'']] <ref>or ''munisipyo''; municipality not under any provincial authority.</ref>
| [[Cities of the Philippines|84 ''bahaging lungsod'']] <ref name="cities"/> <ref>or ''siyudad''; cities under provincial supervision ("component cities").</ref> [[Municipalities of the Philippines|1511 ''karaniwang bayan'']] <ref>or ''munisipyo''; regular municipalities under provincial supervision.</ref>m<ref name="towns"/>
| [[Barangay|42025 ''barangay'']] <ref>or ''[[barrio]]s''.</ref>d
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Poland}}
| [[Voivodeships of Poland|16 ''voivodeships'' (''województwa'')]] <ref>voivodeships.</ref>p
| [[Counties of Poland|360+ ''powiaty'']] <ref name="counties"/><ref>consisting of 300+ ''powiat ziemski'' (rural counties) and 60+ ''powiat grodzki'' (urban counties) or ''miasta na prawach powiatu'' ("cities of county right").</ref>
| 2400+ ''[[gmina|gminy]]'' <ref name="communes"/>
| 40000+ ''sołectwa'' (rural) ''dzielnice'' or ''osiedla'' (urban)
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Portugal}}
| [[Districts of Portugal|18 ''distritos'']] d [[Autonomous regions of Portugal|2 ''regiões autónomas'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Municipalities of Portugal|308 ''concelhos'']] <ref>or ''municípios''.</ref>m
| [[List of parishes of Portugal|4261 ''freguesias'']] <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Qatar}}
| [[Municipalities of Qatar|10 ''baladiya'at'']] m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Romania}}
| [[Counties of Romania|41 ''județe'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Cities of Romania|160+ ''orașe'']] <ref name="cities"/> [[Municipalities of Romania|90+ ?''municipii'']] m [[Communes of Romania|2600+ ''comune'']] <ref name="communes"/>
| [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|
|-
| [[Bucharest]]c
|
| [[Sectors of Bucharest|6 ''sectoare'']] <ref name="sectors"/>
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="5" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Russia}}
|colspan= "5"| [[Federal subjects of Russia|83 ''subyekty'']] <ref>(federal) subjects, grouped into [[Federal districts of Russia|7 ''federalnyye okruga'']] (federal districts).</ref> :
|- valign="top"
| "subject" level:
----
: [[Provinces of Russia|46 ''oblasti'']] p [[Republics of Russia|21 ''respubliki'']] <ref name="autonomous"/><ref>republics.</ref>
: [[Autonomous subject-level districts of Russia|4 ''avtonomnyye okruga'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
: [[Territories of Russia|9 ''kraya'']] <ref name="territories"/> [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|1 ''avtonomnaya oblast'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| "district" level:
----
1868 ''[[raion]]y''
| "rural" level:
----
Gorodskie okruga (City districts) - 329, posyolki gorodskogo tipa (towns) - 1359, Gorodskie poselenija (Town settlements) - 603 and Selskie poselenija (Rural settlements) - 23313
|
|-
|colspan= "5"|
: [[Federal cities of Russia|2 ''federalnyye goroda'']] <ref>federal cities.</ref> :
|-
|
:: [[Moscow]]c
| [[Administrative divisions of Moscow|10 ''admin. okruga'']] d<ref>''administrativnyye okruga'' ("administrative districts"), sometimes described as ''(vnutri)gorodskiye okruga'' ("(intra)city districts").</ref>
| 120+ ''raiony'' d<ref name="vgr">sometimes described as ''(vnutri)gorodskiye raiony'' ("(intra)city districts")</ref>
|
|-
|
:: [[St. Petersburg]]
| [[Administrative divisions of Saint Petersburg|18 ''raiony'']] d<ref name="vgr"/>
| 80+ ''mun. okruga'' <ref>''munitsipalnyye obrazovaniya: okruga'' ("municipal entities: districts").</ref>d 20+ ''mun. posyolki'' <ref>''munitsipalnyye obrazovaniya: posyolki'' ("municipal entities: settlements").</ref> 9 ''mun. goroda'' <ref name="towns"/><ref>''munitsipalnyye obrazovaniya: gorsovet'' ("municipal entities: towns").</ref>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Rwanda}}
| [[Provinces of Rwanda|5 ''intara'']] p
| [[Districts of Rwanda|30 ''uturere'']] <ref>[[Grammatical number|sing.]] ''akarere''.</ref>d (''umujyi'' m)
| [[Sectors of Rwanda|410+ ''imirenge'']] <ref name="sectors"/><ref>or [[French language|French]]:''secteurs administratifs'' (administrative sectors).</ref>
| 9100+ ''utugari'' <ref>or [[French language|French]]:''cellules'' (cells).</ref> (then ''akagari'' ?<ref name="villages"/>)
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
|
| [[Parishes of Saint Kitts and Nevis|9 parishes]]
|
|
|-
| [[Nevis]]
| [[Parishes of Saint Kitts and Nevis|5 parishes]]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Saint Lucia}}
| [[Quarters of Saint Lucia|11 ''quartiers'']] <ref name="quarters"/>m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| [[Parishes of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|6 parishes]]a
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Samoa}}
| [[Districts of Samoa|11 ''itūmālō'']] i
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|San Marino}}
| 9 ''[[List of cities in San Marino|castelli]]'' <ref name="communes"/>m
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
| [[Provinces of São Tomé and Príncipe|2 ''concelhos'']] mr
| [[Districts of São Tomé and Príncipe|7 ''distritos'']] 
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Saudi Arabia}}
| [[Provinces of Saudi Arabia|13 ''manaţiq'']] p
| [[Governorates of Saudi Arabia|''muhafazat'']] d
| ''marakiz'' <ref name="subdistricts"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Senegal}}
| [[Regions of Senegal|14 ''régions'']]
| [[Departments of Senegal|30+ ''départements'']] <ref name="departments"/>
| [[Arrondissements of Senegal|''arrondissements'']]
| ''communes''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Serbia}}
| [[Central Serbia|Uža Srbija]] 2 autonomne pokrajine <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Districts of Serbia|29 okruga]] d [[Grad]]{{Disambiguation needed|date=June 2011}} [[Beograd]]c
| [[Municipalities and cities of Serbia|150 opština]] m [[Municipalities and cities of Serbia|24 grada]] <ref name="cities"/>
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Seychelles}}
| [[Districts of the Seychelles|25 districts]]a [[Outer Islands (Seychelles)|''Zil Elwannyen Sesel'']]
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Sierra Leone}}
| [[Provinces of Sierra Leone|3 provinces 1 area]]
| [[Districts of Sierra Leone|15 districts]]
| [[Chiefdoms of Sierra Leone|chiefdoms]]
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Singapore}}
| [[Districts of Singapore|5 districts]]m
| Town Councils
| (Divisions)
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Slovakia}}
| [[Regions of Slovakia|8 ''kraje'']] r
| [[Districts of Slovakia|70+ ''okresy'']] d
| [[List of municipalities in Slovakia|2890+ ''obce'']] m,<ref name="communes"/> from that [[List of towns in Slovakia|130+ ''mestá'']] c<ref name="towns"/><ref>[http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html Mestská a obecná štatistika SR]</ref>
| ''katastrálne územia'' <ref name="cadastral areas"/>
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Slovenia}}
| [[Statistical regions of Slovenia|12 ''statistične regije'']] i
| [[Municipalities of Slovenia|210 ''občine'']] m
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Solomon Islands}}
| [[Provinces of the Solomon Islands|9 provinces]]m [[Honiara]]
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Somalia}}
| [[Regions of Somalia|18 ''gobolada'']] r
| [[Districts of Somalia|75 [districts]]] d
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|South Africa}}
|rowspan="2" | [[Provinces of South Africa|9 provinces]]
| [[District municipality (South Africa)|44 district municipalities]]
| [[Local municipality (South Africa)|226 local municipalities]]
|rowspan="2" | [[Ward (South Africa)|4277 wards]]
|- valign="top"
|colspan="2" | [[Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)|8 metropolitan municipalities]]
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="3" style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Spain}}
| [[Autonomous communities of Spain|17 ''comunidades autónomas'']] r
| [[Provinces of Spain|50 ''provincias'']] p <ref>Some provinces are divided in districts called ''[[comarcas of Spain|comarcas]]''</ref>
| [[Municipalities of Spain|8110 ''municipios'']] m
|
|-
| [[Plazas de soberanía|2 ''ciudades autónomas'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| –
| [[Municipalities of Spain|2 ''municipios'']] <ref>[[Ceuta]] and [[Melilla]]</ref>
|
|-
| [[Plazas de soberanía|3 ''plazas menores de soberanía'']] <ref>minor sovereign places in North Africa</ref>
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Sri Lanka}}
| [[Provinces of Sri Lanka|9 ''palata'']] p
| [[Districts of Sri Lanka|25 ''distrikkaya'']] d
| [[Divisional Secretariats of Sri Lanka|320+ divisions]]
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Sudan}}
| [[States of Sudan|26 ''wilaya'at'']] <ref name="states"/>
| [[Districts of Sudan|130+ [districts]]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Suriname}}
| [[Districts of Suriname|10 ''districten'']] d
| 60+ ''[[Resorts of Suriname|ressorten]]'' <ref>?"resorts".</ref>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Swaziland}}
| [[Districts of Swaziland|4 ''tifundza'']] r
| [[Inkhundla|50+ ''tinkhundla'']] <ref>[[Electoral district|constituencies]]</ref>
| [[Umphakatsi|360+ ''imiphakatsi'']] <ref>[[Chiefdom]]s</ref>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Sweden}}
| [[Counties of Sweden|21 ''län'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| [[Municipalities of Sweden|289 ''kommuner'']] m
| ''församlingar'' <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Switzerland}}
| [[Cantons of Switzerland|26 ''cantons'']] <ref>([[French language|French]]; alternatively [[German language|German]]:''Kantone'', [[Italian language|Italian]]:''cantoni'' or [[Romansh language|Romansh]]:''chantuns''). Six cantons, formerly called ''demi-cantons'' (French; alternatively German:''Halbkantone'' or Romansh:''mez-chantuns'', have only one representative in the [[Swiss Council of States|Council of States]] instead of two.</ref>p
| [[Districts of Switzerland|150 ''districts'']] <ref>[[French language|French]]; alternatively [[German language|German]]:''Ämter'', ''(Amts)bezirke'', [[Italian language|Italian]]:''distretti'' or [[Romansh language|Romansh]]:''districts''. This level of subdivisions is not present in all cantons.</ref>d
| [[Municipalities of Switzerland|2,636 ''communes'']] <ref>[[French language|French]]; alternatively [[German language|German]]:''Gemeinden'', [[Italian language|Italian]]:''comuni'' or [[Romansh language|Romansh]]:''vischnancas''.</ref>m
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Syria}}
| [[Governorates of Syria|14 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/>
| 60 ''[[Districts of Syria|manaţiq]]'' <ref>or ''manatuq''.</ref>d
| [[Subdivisions of Syria|''nawahi'']] <ref name="subdistricts"/>
| [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Taiwan}} ([[Administrative divisions of the Republic of China|Republic of China]])
| [[Provinces of Taiwan|2 ''shěng'']] p
| [[Provincial city (Taiwan)|5 ''shih'']] <ref name="cities"/> [[Counties of Taiwan|18 ''hsien'']] <ref name="counties"/>
| 20+ ''qū'' d [[County-controlled cities of Taiwan|30+ [cities]]] <ref name="cities"/> [[Townships of Taiwan|280+ [townships]]] <ref name="townships"/><ref>consisting of 220+ ''xiāng'' (rural townships) and 60+ ''zhèn'' (urban townships).</ref>
| [villages] <ref name="villages"/> then [neighbourhoods] <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
|-
| [[Municipalities of Taiwan|2 ?''zhíxiáshì'']] m
| [[Districts of Taiwan|20+ ''qū'']] d
| 900+ ''lǐ'' <ref name="villages"/>
| 17900+ [neighbourhoods] <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Tajikistan}}
| [[Provinces of Tajikistan|3 ''viloyatho'']] p [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province|1 ''viloyat mukhtor'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[Dushanbe]]c
| 60+ [[Districts of Tajikistan|''Nohiya'']] d 14 [cities] <ref name="cities"/> 2 ''hukumati'' <ref>city councils.</ref>
| ([[Jamoats of Tajikistan|''jamoats'']])
| ([villages] <ref name="villages"/>)
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Tanzania}}
| [[Regions of Tanzania|26 ''mkoa'']] r
| [[Districts of Tanzania|120+ ''wilaya'']] d
| [divisions] <ref name="divisions"/>
| [wards] <ref name="wards"/> then [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Thailand}}
| [[Provinces of Thailand|76 ''changwat'']] p
| [[Districts of Thailand|790+ ''amphoe'']] <ref>or ''amphur''.</ref>d [[Districts of Thailand|80+ ''king amphoe'']] <ref name="subdistricts"/><ref>or ''king amphur''.</ref>
| [[Communes of Thailand|7200+ ''tambon'']] <ref name="communes"/>
| [[Villages of Thailand|74000+ ''muban'']] <ref name="villages"/><ref>or ''mooban''.</ref> (''chumchon'' <ref>communities.</ref>)
|-
| [[Bangkok]]c
| ''[[Districts of Bangkok|khêt]]'' d
| ''[[kwaeng]]''
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Togo}}
| [[Regions of Togo|5 ''régions'']]
| [[Prefectures of Togo|30 ''préfectures'']]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Tonga}}
| [[Divisions of Tonga|5 divisions]]
| [[Districts of Tonga|23 districts]]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| 9 [[Regional Corporations and Municipalities of Trinidad and Tobago|regions]] THA 3 boroughs 2 cities
|
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Tunisia}}
| [[Governorates of Tunisia|24 ''wilaya'at'']] <ref name="governorates"/>
| [[Delegations of Tunisia|''mutamadiyat'']] d
| ''shaykhat'' m
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Turkey}}
| [[Provinces of Turkey|81 ''il'']] p
| 900+ ''[[Districts of Turkey|ilçe]]'' d
| ''3200+ belediye'' m
| [neighbourhoods] <ref name="neighbourhoods"/> [41000 villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Turkmenistan}}
| [[Provinces of Turkmenistan|5 ''welaýatlar'']] p [[Aşgabat]]c
| 70+ ?''[[Districts of Turkmenistan|adyndaky etraplar]]'' d <ref>?urban districts.</ref> 40+ ?''etraplar'' d 15 [towns] <ref name="towns"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Tuvalu}}
| [[Islands of Tuvalu|9 island groups]]m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Uganda}}
| [[Districts of Uganda|111 districts]] [[Kampala]]c
| [[Counties of Uganda|167 counties]] 22 municipalities 5 city divisions
| [[Sub-counties of Uganda|1106 subcounties]] 151 town councils 63 municipal divisions/boroughs
| parishes villages
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Ukraine}}
| [[Provinces of Ukraine|24 ''oblasti'']] p [[Municipalities of Ukraine|2 ''mista zi spetsial'nym statusom'']] m<ref>"cities with special status".</ref> [[Crimea|1 ''avtonomna respublika'']] <ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Districts of Ukraine|640+ ''raioni'']] d mista oblastnoho/respublikanskoho znachennia
| mista raionoho znachennia silrady raioni u mistax
| individual settlements
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{UAE}}
| [[Emirates of the United Arab Emirates|7 ''imarat'']] <ref>[[emirate]]s.</ref>
| local municipalities
|
|
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="25" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|United Kingdom}}
|colspan= "4"| ([[Countries of the United Kingdom|1 constituent country with no devolution]]): {{flag|England}}
|-
|rowspan="2" | [[Regions of England|9 regions]]i
|[[Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England|81 counties]] (6 [[metropolitan county|metropolitan]] and 75 [[non-metropolitan county|non-metropolitan]])
|[[Metropolitan borough|36 metropolitan boroughs]] [[Non-metropolitan district|280+ non-metropolitan districts]] (Non-metropolitan districts include 46 [[unitary authority|unitary authorities]])
|[[Civil parish|parishes]]<ref>not all of England is parished - see [[unparished area]].</ref>
|-
| [[Greater London]]c
| [[London borough|32 London boroughs]] [[City of London]]
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| ([[Countries of the United Kingdom|3 constituent countries with devolution]]):
|- valign="top"
| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Northern Ireland]]
| [[Counties of Northern Ireland|(6 counties)]] [[Districts of Northern Ireland|26 districts]]
|
|
|- valign= "top"
| {{flag|Scotland}}
| [[Administrative divisions of Scotland|32 council areas]]
|
| [[Community council|communities]]
|- valign="top"
| {{flag|Wales}}
| [[Administrative divisions of Wales|10 county boroughs 9 counties 3 cities]]
|
| [[Community council|communities]]
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Crown Dependencies|3 crown dependencies]]:
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Guernsey}}<ref name="bailiwick">a [[bailiwick]].</ref>
| [[Parishes of Guernsey|10 parishes]]
3 dependencies: [[Alderney]], [[Herm]] and [[Sark]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Jersey}}<ref name="bailiwick"/>
| [[Parishes of Jersey|12 parishes]]
| [[Vingtaine|''vingtaines'', ''cueillettes'']]
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Isle of Man}}
| [[Sheading|6 sheadings]]
| 17 parishes
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[British overseas territories|12 overseas territories]]:
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Anguilla}}
| [[Districts of Anguilla|14 districts]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Bermuda}}
| [[Subdivisions of Bermuda|9 parishes 2 municipalities]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|British Virgin Islands}}
| [[Districts of the British Virgin Islands|5 districts]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Cayman Islands}}
| [[Districts of the Cayman Islands|7 districts]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Falkland Islands}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Gibraltar}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Montserrat}}
| [[Parishes of Montserrat|3 parishes]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Pitcairn Islands}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}
| 3 parts of the territory:
[[Saint Helena]] [[Ascension Island]] [[Tristan da Cunha]]
| Saint Helena has [[Saint Helena#Administrative divisions|8 districts]]
|
|-
| {{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}}
|
|
|
|-
| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| [[Districts of the Turks and Caicos Islands|6 districts]]
|
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Sovereign Base Areas|2 sovereign base areas]]: [[Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]
|- valign= "top"
|rowspan="9" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of the|United States}}
| [[U.S. state|50 states]] [[Washington, D.C.|1 federal district]] [[Palmyra Atoll|1 incorporated territory: ''Palmyra Atoll]] (grouped by [[ISO 3166-1]] as {{flagicon|United States}} [[United States Minor Outlying Islands|US Minor Outlying Islands]]'')
| [[County (United States)|3000+ counties]]<ref>or [[borough]]s in [[Alaska]] and [[parish]]es in [[Louisiana]].</ref> 40+ [[Independent city|independent cities]]
|colspan= "2"| [[Minor civil division]]s (including boroughs, cities, districts, plantations, towns, townships, villages, etc.)</ref>
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Territories of the United States|4 unincorporated organized territories]]:
|-
| {{flag|Guam}}
| [[Villages of Guam|19 villages]]<ref>also known as municipalities.</ref>
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}
| [[Municipalities of the Northern Mariana Islands|4 municipalities]]
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Puerto Rico}}
| [[Municipalities of Puerto Rico|70+ ?''municipios'']] m
| ''barrios'' <ref name="neighbourhoods"/>
|
|-
| {{flagicon|United States Virgin Islands}} [[United States Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands]]
| [[Districts and subdistricts of the United States Virgin Islands|3 districts]]
| [[Districts and subdistricts of the United States Virgin Islands|20 subdistricts]]
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Territories of the United States|1 unincorporated unorganized self-governing territory]]:
|-
| {{flag|American Samoa}}
| [[Districts of American Samoa|3 districts]] 1 region
| 15 counties
|
|-
|colspan= "4"| [[Territories of the United States|10 unincorporated unorganized territories]]; undisputed are by [[ISO 3166-1]] as {{flagicon|United States}} [[United States Minor Outlying Islands|US Minor Outlying Islands]]: ''[[Baker Island]], [[Howland Island]], [[Jarvis Island]], [[Johnston Atoll]], [[Kingman Reef]], [[Midway Islands]], [[Wake Island]], [[Navassa Island]], [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]] (disputed), and [[Serranilla Bank]] (disputed)''
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Uruguay}}
| [[Departments of Uruguay|19 ''departamentos'']] <ref name="departments"/>m
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Uzbekistan}}
| [[Provinces of Uzbekistan|12 ''viloyatlar'']] p [[Karakalpakstan|1 ''respublika'']] <ref name="autonomous"/> [[Tashkent]]c<ref name="autonomous"/>
| [[Districts of Uzbekistan|170+ ''tumanlar'']] d 50+ ''shaharlar'' <ref name="cities"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Vanuatu}}
| [[Provinces of Vanuatu|6 provinces]]
| municipalities, local councils
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Vatican City}}
|
|
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Venezuela}}
| [[States of Venezuela|23 ''estados'']] <ref name="states"/>
| ''[[Municipalities of Venezuela|municipios]]'' m
| ''parròquias'' <ref name="parishes"/>
|
|-
| [[Federal dependencies of Venezuela|''dependencias federales'']] <ref>federal dependencies.</ref> [[Caracas]]c
| ''departamentos'' <ref name="departments"/>
|
|
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2" style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Vietnam}}
| [[Provinces of Vietnam|58 ''tỉnh'']] p 
| 26 ''thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh'' <ref name="cities"/>m 50+ ''thị xã'' <ref name="townships"/> [[Districts of Vietnam|570+ ''huyện'']] <ref name="counties"/> 8 ''đảo'' <ref>Islands.</ref>
| 580+ ''thị trấn'' <ref name="towns"/> 1100+ [precincts] 9000+ ''xã'' <ref name="communes"/>
|
|-
| 5 ''thành phố trực thuộc trung ương''  <ref>Centrally-controlled municipalities.</ref>m
| 40+ ''quận''<ref>Urban districts.</ref>d
| ? ''phường''<ref>Wards.</ref>
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Western Sahara}}
| 3 régions r
| [municipalités] m
| [communes] 7
| [arrondissements] d
|- valign= "top"
|style="background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Yemen}}
| [[Governorates of Yemen|21 ''muhāfazāt'']] <ref name="governorates"/> 
| [[Districts of Yemen|333 districts]] d
| 2210+ [subdistricts] <ref name="subdistricts"/>
| 38,284 [villages] <ref name="villages"/>
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Zambia}}
| [[Provinces of Zambia|9 provinces]]
| [[Districts of Zambia|70+ districts]]
|
|
|- valign="top"
|style= "background:#f2f2f2;"| {{flag+link|Administrative divisions of|Zimbabwe}}
| [[Provinces of Zimbabwe|8 provinces 2 cities]]
| [[Districts of Zimbabwe|60+ districts]]
| [[Municipalities of Zimbabwe|1200+ municipalities]]
|
|}</div>

==See also==
* [[Country subdivision]]
* [[ISO 3166-2]], codes for country subdivisions
* [[Associated state]]
* [[Asymmetric federation]]
* [[Condominium (international law)|Condominium]], joint sovereignty over an area shared by two or more states.
* [[Dependent territory]]
* [[Federacy]]
* [[Federation]]
* [[Federated state]]
* [[List of terms for country subdivisions]]
* [[List of capitals serving as administrative divisions by country]]
* [[List of autonomous areas by country]]
* [[List of sovereign states]]
* [[List of the most populous country subdivisions]]
* [[Matrix of country subdivisions]]
* [[List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area]], comparing continents, countries, and first-level administrative country subdivisions.
* [[List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area (all)]]
* [[List of FIPS region codes]] in [[FIPS 10-4]], withdrawn from the [[Federal Information Processing Standard]] (FIPS) in 2008
* [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics]] (NUTS), which covers the subdivisions of the members of the [[European Union]]

==Footnotes==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
: a{{nbsp|4}}[[pseudo-]]municipalities (administration is appointed)
: c{{nbsp|4}}[[Capital (political)|capital]]; see also [[List of capitals serving as administrative divisions by country|Capitals serving as administrative divisions]].
: d{{nbsp|4}}[[district]]s.
: i{{nbsp|4}}[[informal]]s{{Disambiguation needed|date=June 2011}}.
: m{{nbsp|3}}[[Municipality|municipalities]].
: p{{nbsp|4}}[[province]]s.
: r{{nbsp|4}}[[region]]s.
<references/>
</div>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Table Of Administrative Divisions By Country}}
[[Category:Administrative divisions| Table]]
[[Category:Subdivisions by country| ]]
[[Category:Lists of country subdivisions| ]]


[[ca:Llista de subdivisions administratives per estats]]
[[de:Subnationale Verwaltungseinheiten]]
[[et:Haldusüksuste koondtabel]]
[[fa:فهرست استان‌های کشورها]]
[[fr:Liste des subdivisions par pays]]
[[hr:Popis upravnih podjedinica]]
[[id:Daftar pembagian administratif menurut negara]]
[[pl:Podziały administracyjne państw świata]]
[[pt:Anexo:Quadro de divisões administrativas por país]]
[[ru:Таблица административных единиц по странам]]
[[su:Daptar éntitas subnagara]]
[[zh:各国行政区划列表]]

Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor

2011-06-16T15:03:37Z

Boxplot: /* Records */

{{Infobox award
| name = [[Hong Kong Film Award]] for Best Actor
| description = Performance by an actor in a leading role
| presenter = [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]
| country = [[Hong Kong]]
| year = 1982
| holder = [[Nicholas Tse]] ([[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|2011]])
| website =
}}

The '''[[Hong Kong Film Award]]''' for Best Actor is an annual [[Cinema of Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] industry award presented to an actor for the best performance by an actor in a leading role.

==History==
The award was established at the [[1st Hong Kong Film Awards]] (1982) and the first winner and the sole participant in this category was [[Michael Hui]] for his role in the film ''[[Security Unlimited]]''. From the [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards]] (1983), there are 5, sometimes 6, nominations for the category of Best Actor from which one actor is chosen the winner of the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor, except the 2nd Awards when [[Sammo Hung]] and [[Karl Maka]] shared the award. The most recent recipient of the award was [[Simon Yam]], who was honoured at the [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards]] (2009), for his performance in ''[[Echoes of the Rainbow]]''.

The actor with most awards in this category is [[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]] with 5 times, followed by [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]] and [[Chow Yun-fat]] with 4 times each. [[Jackie Chan]] is holding the record for actor with most nominations without ever winning, until the [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards]] (2005) he was nominated 10 times without a single award.

==Records==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="75%"
|-
!width=175|'''Items'''
!width=175|'''Name'''
!width=80|'''Statistics'''
!width=225|'''Notes'''
|-
|Most win
|[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]
|5 wins
|9 nominations
|-
|Most nominations
|[[Chow Yun-fat]]
|13 nominations
|3 wins
|-
|Oldest winner
|[[Roy Chiao]]
|Age 69
|for ''[[Summer Snow (film)|Summer Snow]]''
|-
|Youngest winner
|[[Tony Leung Ka-fai]]
|Age 26
|for ''[[Reign Behind the Curtain]]''
|-
|Oldest nominee
|[[Roy Chiao]]
|Age 69
|for ''[[Summer Snow (film)|Summer Snow]]''
|-
|Youngest nominee
|[[Liu Ye (actor)|Liu Ye]]
|Age 26
|for ''[[Lan Yu (film)|Lan Yu]]''
|-
|Most nominations without win
|[[Jackie Chan]]
|10 nominations
|
|-
|}

==Winners and nominees==
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#bebebe"
! width="8%" | Year
! width="40%" | Actor
! width="40%" | Film
! width="12%" | Note
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1982''' [[1st Hong Kong Film Awards|(1st)]]
| '''[[Michael Hui]]'''
| '''''[[Security Unlimited]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_01.html|title=1st Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1983''' [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(2nd)]]
| '''[[Karl Maka]]'''
| '''''[[Aces Go Places]]'''''
| ''tie''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_02.html|title=2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1983''' [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(2nd)]]
| '''[[Sammo Hung]]'''
| '''''[[Carry On Pickpocket]]'''''
| ''tie''
|-
| align="center" | 1983 [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(2nd)]]
| [[Chan Wai Man]]
| ''[[Crimson Street]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1983 [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(2nd)]]
| [[George Lam]]
| ''[[Boat People (film)|Boat People]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1983 [[2nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(2nd)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[Nomad (1982 film)|Nomad]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1984''' [[3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(3rd)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]'''
| '''''[[Burning of the Imperial Palace]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_03.html|title=3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1984 [[3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(3rd)]]
| [[Peter Wang]]
| ''[[Ah Ying]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1984 [[3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(3rd)]]
| [[Sammo Hung]]
| ''[[The Dead and the Deadly]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1984 [[3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(3rd)]]
| [[Richard Ng]]
| ''[[Winners and Sinners]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1984 [[3rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(3rd)]]
| [[Alex Man]]
| ''[[Hong Kong, Hong Kong (film)|Hong Kong, Hong Kong]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1985''' [[4th Hong Kong Film Awards|(4th)]]
| '''[[Danny Lee Sau-Yin]]'''
| '''''[[Law with Two Phases]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_04.html|title=4th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1985 [[4th Hong Kong Film Awards|(4th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Hong Kong 1941]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1985 [[4th Hong Kong Film Awards|(4th)]]
| [[Kent Cheng]]
| ''[[Beloved Daddy]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1985 [[4th Hong Kong Film Awards|(4th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Teppanyaki]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1985 [[4th Hong Kong Film Awards|(4th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Project A]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1986''' [[5th Hong Kong Film Awards|(5th)]]
| '''[[Kent Cheng]]'''
| '''''[[Why Me? (1985 film)|Why Me?]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_05.html|title=5th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1986 [[5th Hong Kong Film Awards|(5th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''Women''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1986 [[5th Hong Kong Film Awards|(5th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Mr. Boo Meets Pom Pom]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1986 [[5th Hong Kong Film Awards|(5th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Heart of Dragon]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1986 [[5th Hong Kong Film Awards|(5th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Police Story (1985 film)|Police Story]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1987''' [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| '''[[Chow Yun-fat]]'''
| '''''[[A Better Tomorrow]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_06.html|title=6th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1987 [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| [[Danny Lee Sau-Yin]]
| ''[[Brotherhood (film)|Brotherhood]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1987 [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| [[Ti Lung]]
| ''[[A Better Tomorrow]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1987 [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Inspector Chocolate]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1987 [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[The Last Emperor (film)|The Last Emperor]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1987 [[6th Hong Kong Film Awards|(6th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]
| ''[[Love Unto Waste]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1988''' [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| '''[[Chow Yun-fat]]'''
| '''''[[City on Fire (1987 film)|City on Fire]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_07.html|title=7th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1988 [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[A Better Tomorrow 2]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1988 [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[An Autumn's Tale]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1988 [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Prison on Fire]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1988 [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| [[Danny Lee Sau-Yin]]
| ''[[City on Fire (1987 film)|City on Fire]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1988 [[7th Hong Kong Film Awards|(7th)]]
| [[Eric Tsang]]
| ''[[Final Victory (film)|Final Victory]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1989''' [[8th Hong Kong Film Awards|(8th)]]
| '''[[Sammo Hung]]'''
| '''''[[Painted Faces]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_08.html|title=8th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1989 [[8th Hong Kong Film Awards|(8th)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[Rouge (film)|Rouge]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1989 [[8th Hong Kong Film Awards|(8th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Chicken and Duck Talk]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1989 [[8th Hong Kong Film Awards|(8th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[As Tears Go By (film)|As Tears Go By]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1989 [[8th Hong Kong Film Awards|(8th)]]
| [[Max Mok]]
| ''[[Last Eunuch in China]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1990''' [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| '''[[Chow Yun-fat]]'''
| '''''[[All About Ah-Long]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_09.html|title=9th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1990 [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Miracles (1989 film)|Miracles]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1990 [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[God of Gamblers]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1990 [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Mr. Coconut]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1990 [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| [[Sammo Hung]]
| ''[[Eight Taels of Gold]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1990 [[9th Hong Kong Film Awards|(9th)]]
| [[Richard Ng]]
| ''[[Beyond the Sunset]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1991''' [[10th Hong Kong Film Awards|(10th)]]
| '''[[Leslie Cheung]]'''
| '''''[[Days of Being Wild]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_10.html|title=10th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1991 [[10th Hong Kong Film Awards|(10th)]]
| [[Jacky Cheung]]
| ''[[Bullet in the Head]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1991 [[10th Hong Kong Film Awards|(10th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[All for the Winner]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1991 [[10th Hong Kong Film Awards|(10th)]]
| [[Michael Hui]]
| ''[[Front Page (film)|Front Page]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1991 [[10th Hong Kong Film Awards|(10th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[Farewell China]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1992''' [[11th Hong Kong Film Awards|(11th)]]
| '''[[Eric Tsang]]'''
| '''''[[Alan and Eric - Between Hello and Goodbye]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_11.html|title=11th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1992 [[11th Hong Kong Film Awards|(11th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Once a Thief (1991 film)|Once a Thief]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1992 [[11th Hong Kong Film Awards|(11th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[Fight Back to School]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1992 [[11th Hong Kong Film Awards|(11th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[Lee Rock]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1992 [[11th Hong Kong Film Awards|(11th)]]
| [[Ray Lui]]
| ''[[To Be Number One (film)|To Be Number One]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1993''' [[12th Hong Kong Film Awards|(12th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]'''
| '''''[[92 Legendary La Rose Noire]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_12.html|title=12th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1993 [[12th Hong Kong Film Awards|(12th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Police Story 3]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1993 [[12th Hong Kong Film Awards|(12th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[Justice, My Foot!]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1993 [[12th Hong Kong Film Awards|(12th)]]
| [[Charles Heung]]
| ''[[Arrest the Restless]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1993 [[12th Hong Kong Film Awards|(12th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[King of Chess]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1994''' [[13th Hong Kong Film Awards|(13th)]]
| '''[[Anthony Wong Chau Sang]]'''
| '''''[[The Untold Story]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_13.html|title=13th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1994 [[13th Hong Kong Film Awards|(13th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Crime Story (film)|Crime Story]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1994 [[13th Hong Kong Film Awards|(13th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[C'est la vie, mon chéri]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1994 [[13th Hong Kong Film Awards|(13th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Thou Shalt Not Swear]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1994 [[13th Hong Kong Film Awards|(13th)]]
| [[Wu Xing Guo]]
| ''[[Temptation of a Monk]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1995''' [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]'''
| '''''[[Chungking Express]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_14.html|title=14th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1995 [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| [[Jacky Cheung]]
| ''[[To Live and Die in Tsimshatsui]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1995 [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[He's a Woman, She's a Man]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1995 [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Treasure Hunt (film)|Treasure Hunt]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1995 [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[From Beijing with Love]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1995 [[14th Hong Kong Film Awards|(14th)]]
| [[Eric Kot]]
| ''[[Oh! My Three Guys]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1996''' [[15th Hong Kong Film Awards|(15th)]]
| '''[[Roy Chiao]]'''
| '''''[[Summer Snow]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_15.html|title=15th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1996 [[15th Hong Kong Film Awards|(15th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[Full Throttle (film)|Full Throttle]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1996 [[15th Hong Kong Film Awards|(15th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[A Chinese Odyssey|A Chinese Odyssey Part 2: Cinderella]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1996 [[15th Hong Kong Film Awards|(15th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Peace Hotel (film)|Peace Hotel]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1996 [[15th Hong Kong Film Awards|(15th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Rumble in the Bronx]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1997''' [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| '''[[Kent Cheng]]'''
| '''''[[The Log (film)|The Log]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_16.html|title=16th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1997 [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Police Story 4: First Strike]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1997 [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[Viva Erotica]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1997 [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| [[Leon Lai]]
| ''[[Comrades: Almost a Love Story]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1997 [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Big Bullet]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1997 [[16th Hong Kong Film Awards|(16th)]]
| [[Michael Wong (actor)|Michael Wong]]
| ''[[First Option (film)|First Option]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1998''' [[17th Hong Kong Film Awards|(17th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]'''
| '''''[[Happy Together (1997 film)|Happy Together]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_17.html|title=17th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1998 [[17th Hong Kong Film Awards|(17th)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[Happy Together (1997 film)|Happy Together]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1998 [[17th Hong Kong Film Awards|(17th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Full Alert (film)|Full Alert]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1998 [[17th Hong Kong Film Awards|(17th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[Island of Greed (film)|Island of Greed]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1998 [[17th Hong Kong Film Awards|(17th)]]
| [[Tse Kwan Ho]]
| ''[[The Mad Phoenix]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''1999''' [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| '''[[Anthony Wong Chau Sang]]'''
| '''''[[Beast Cops]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_18.html|title=18th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 1999 [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[Who Am I? (1998 film)|Who Am I?]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1999 [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| [[Sonny Chiba]]
| ''[[The Storm Riders]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1999 [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| [[Leon Lai]]
| ''[[City of Glass (film)|City of Glass]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1999 [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[The Longest Nite]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 1999 [[18th Hong Kong Film Awards|(18th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]
| ''[[The Longest Nite]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2000''' [[19th Hong Kong Film Awards|(19th)]]
| '''[[Andy Lau]]'''
| '''''[[Running Out of Time (1999 film)|Running Out of Time]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_19.html|title=19th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2000 [[19th Hong Kong Film Awards|(19th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[The Victim (film)|The Victim]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2000 [[19th Hong Kong Film Awards|(19th)]]
| [[Francis Ng]]
| ''[[Bullets Over Summer]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2000 [[19th Hong Kong Film Awards|(19th)]]
| [[Eric Tsang]]
| ''[[Metade Fumaca]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2000 [[19th Hong Kong Film Awards|(19th)]]
| [[Anthony Wong Chau Sang]]
| ''[[Ordinary Heroes (film)|Ordinary Heroes]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2001''' [[20th Hong Kong Film Awards|(20th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]'''
| '''''[[In the Mood for Love]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_20.html|title=20th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2001 [[20th Hong Kong Film Awards|(20th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2001 [[20th Hong Kong Film Awards|(20th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[A Fighter's Blues]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2001 [[20th Hong Kong Film Awards|(20th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[Jiang hu: The Triad Zone]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2001 [[20th Hong Kong Film Awards|(20th)]]
| [[Francis Ng]]
| ''[[Juliet in Love]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2002''' [[21st Hong Kong Film Awards|(21st)]]
| '''[[Stephen Chow]]'''
| '''''[[Shaolin Soccer]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_21.html|title=21st Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2002 [[21st Hong Kong Film Awards|(21st)]]
| [[Jacky Cheung]]
| ''[[July Rhapsody]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2002 [[21st Hong Kong Film Awards|(21st)]]
| [[Hu Jun]]
| ''[[Lan Yu (film)|Lan Yu]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2002 [[21st Hong Kong Film Awards|(21st)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[Love on a Diet]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2002 [[21st Hong Kong Film Awards|(21st)]]
| [[Liu Ye (actor)|Liu Ye]]
| ''[[Lan Yu (film)|Lan Yu]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2003''' [[22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(22nd)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]'''
| '''''[[Infernal Affairs]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_22.html|title=22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2003 [[22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(22nd)]]
| [[Leslie Cheung]]
| ''[[Inner Senses]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2003 [[22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(22nd)]]
| [[Leon Lai]]
| ''[[Three: Going Home]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2003 [[22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(22nd)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[Infernal Affairs]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2003 [[22nd Hong Kong Film Awards|(22nd)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[Double Vision (film)|Double Vision]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2004''' [[23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(23rd)]]
| '''[[Andy Lau]]'''
| '''''[[Running on Karma]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_23.html|title=23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2004 [[23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(23rd)]]
| [[Jacky Cheung]]
| ''[[Golden Chicken 2]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2004 [[23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(23rd)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Lost in Time (film)|Lost in Time]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2004 [[23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(23rd)]]
| [[Francis Ng]]
| ''[[Infernal Affairs II]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2004 [[23rd Hong Kong Film Awards|(23rd)]]
| [[Simon Yam]]
| ''[[PTU (film)|PTU]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2005''' [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards|(24th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]'''
| '''''[[2046 (film)|2046]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_24.html|title=24th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2005 [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards|(24th)]]
| [[Jackie Chan]]
| ''[[New Police Story]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2005 [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards|(24th)]]
| [[Stephen Chow]]
| ''[[Kung Fu Hustle]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2005 [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards|(24th)]]
| [[Alex Fong (actor)|Alex Fong]]
| ''[[One Nite in Mongkok]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2005 [[24th Hong Kong Film Awards|(24th)]]
| [[Daniel Wu]]
| ''[[One Nite in Mongkok]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2006''' [[25th Hong Kong Film Awards|(25th)]]
| '''[[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]'''
| '''''[[Election (2005 film)|Election]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_25.html|title=25th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2006 [[25th Hong Kong Film Awards|(25th)]]
| [[Simon Yam]]
| ''[[Election (2005 film)|Election]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2006 [[25th Hong Kong Film Awards|(25th)]]
| [[Aaron Kwok]]
| ''[[Divergence (film)|Divergence]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2006 [[25th Hong Kong Film Awards|(25th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-Fai]]
| ''[[Everlasting Regret]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2006 [[25th Hong Kong Film Awards|(25th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[Wait 'til You're Older]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2007''' [[26th Hong Kong Film Awards|(26th)]]
| '''[[Lau Ching-Wan]]'''
| '''''[[My Name Is Fame]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_26.html|title=26th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2007 [[26th Hong Kong Film Awards|(26th)]]
| [[Aaron Kwok]]
| ''[[After This Our Exile]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2007 [[26th Hong Kong Film Awards|(26th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Chiu Wai]]
| ''[[Confession of Pain]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2007 [[26th Hong Kong Film Awards|(26th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Curse of the Golden Flower]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2007 [[26th Hong Kong Film Awards|(26th)]]
| [[Jet Li]]
| ''[[Fearless (2006 film)|Fearless]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2008''' [[27th Hong Kong Film Awards|(27th)]]
| '''[[Jet Li]]'''
| '''''[[The Warlords]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_27.html|title=27th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2008 [[27th Hong Kong Film Awards|(27th)]]
| [[Aaron Kwok]]
| ''[[The Detective (2007 film)|The Detective]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2008 [[27th Hong Kong Film Awards|(27th)]]
| [[Simon Yam]]
| ''[[Eye in the Sky (film)|Eye in the Sky]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2008 [[27th Hong Kong Film Awards|(27th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Mad Detective]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2008 [[27th Hong Kong Film Awards|(27th)]]
| [[Andy Lau]]
| ''[[The Warlords]]''
|
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2009''' [[28th Hong Kong Film Awards|(28th)]]
| '''[[Nick Cheung]]'''
| '''''[[Beast Stalker]]'''''
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hkfaa.com/history/list_28.html|title=28th Hong Kong Film Awards|language=Chinese|publisher=Official website of [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | 2009 [[28th Hong Kong Film Awards|(28th)]]
| [[Louis Koo]]
| ''[[Run Papa Run]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2009 [[28th Hong Kong Film Awards|(28th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Chiu-Wai]]
| ''[[Red Cliff (film)|Red Cliff]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2009 [[28th Hong Kong Film Awards|(28th)]]
| [[Simon Yam]]
| ''[[Sparrow (2008 film)|Sparrow]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | 2009 [[28th Hong Kong Film Awards|(28th)]]
| [[Donnie Yen]]
| ''[[Ip Man (film)|Ip Man]]''
|-
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2010''' [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|(29th)]]
| '''[[Simon Yam]]'''
| '''''[[Echoes of the Rainbow]]'''''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2010''' [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|(29th)]]
| [[Wang Xueqi]]
| ''[[Bodyguards and Assassins]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2010''' [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|(29th)]]
| [[Simon Yam]]
| ''[[Night and Fog (2009 film)|Night and Fog]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2010''' [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|(29th)]]
| [[Aaron Kwok]]
| ''[[Murderer (film)|Murderer]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2010''' [[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|(29th)]]
| [[Lau Ching-Wan]]
| ''[[Overheard (film)|Overheard]]''
|-
|-
|- style="background:#FAEB86"
| align="center" | '''2011''' [[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|(30th)]]
| '''[[Nicholas Tse]]'''
| '''''[[The Stool Pigeon (2010 film)|The Stool Pigeon]]'''''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2011''' [[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|(30th)]]
| [[Chow Yun-fat]]
| ''[[Confucius (2010 film)|Confucius]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2011''' [[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|(30th)]]
| [[Jacky Cheung]]
| ''[[Crossing Hennessy]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2011''' [[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|(30th)]]
| [[Tony Leung Ka-fai]]
| ''[[Bruce Lee, My Brother]]''
|
|-
| align="center" | '''2011''' [[30th Hong Kong Film Awards|(30th)]]
| [[Nick Cheung]]
| ''[[The Stool Pigeon (film)|The Stool Pigeon]]''
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.hkfaa.com/ Hong Kong Film Awards Official Site]

{{Hong Kong Film Awards Chron}}
{{Best Actor HKFA}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hong Kong Film Award For Best Actor}}
[[Category:Best Actor HKFA| ]]
[[Category:Film awards for lead actor]]

[[zh:香港電影金像獎最佳男主角]]

Hundred Flowers Award for Best Actress

2011-06-16T15:03:03Z

Boxplot: /* Records */

'''The [[Hundred Flowers Awards|Hundred Flowers Award]] for Best Actress''' was first awarded by the China Film Association in 1962.

==Records==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="75%"
|-
!width=175|'''Items'''
!width=175|'''Name'''
!width=80|'''Statistics'''
!width=225|'''Notes'''
|-
|Most win
|[[Liu Xiaoqing]]
|3 wins
|
|-
|Oldest winner
|[[Zhao Lirong]]
|Age 74
|for ''[[Spring Festival]]''
|-
|Yongest winner
|[[Guo Keyu]]
|Age 17
|for ''[[Red Cherry]]''
|-
|First Taiwan actress win
|[[René Liu]]
|1 win
|2006, for ''[[A World without Thieves]]''
|-
| Won [[Best Actress (Golden Rooster Awards)|Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress]] for the same role
|[[Zhang Yu]] [[Siqin Gaowa]] [[Gong Xue]] [[Li Xiuming]] [[Liu Xiaoqing]] [[Pan Hong]] [[Gong Li]]
| 7 actresses
| for ''[[Romance on Lushan Mountain]]'' for ''[[Rickshaw Boy]]'' for ''Under the Bridge'' for ''Xu Mao and his daugthers'' for ''[[Hibiscus Town]]'' For ''[[Shanghai Fever]]'' for ''[[Breaking the Silence (film)|Breaking the Silence]]''
|-
|}

==Winners & nominees==
===2010s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 2010
| rowspan="5"| 30th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.hinews.cn/news/system/2010/09/21/011162072.shtml Nominees of 30th Hundred Flowers Awards] 21 Sept 2010.</ref>
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''[[Zhao Wei]] 赵薇'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''[[Hua Mulan]]\花木兰'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''''[[Mulan (2009 film)|Mulan]]\花木兰'''''
|-
| [[Zhou Xun]] 周迅 || Xiaowei\小唯 || ''[[The Painted Skin (2008 film)|Painted Skin]]\画皮''
|-
| [[Shu Qi]] 舒淇 || Liang Xiaoxiao\梁笑笑 || ''[[If You Are the One]]\非诚勿扰''
|-
| [[Fan Bingbing]] 范冰冰 || Yueru\月如 || ''[[Bodyguards and Assassins]]\十月围城''
|-
| [[Bai Jing]] 白静 || Guo Xiaomi\郭小米 || ''[[Iron Man]]\铁人''
|}

===2000s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 2008
| rowspan="5"| 29th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2008/08/141700115959.shtml Nominees of 29th Hundred Flowers Awards] 15 August 2008.</ref>
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''[[Li Bingbing]] 李冰冰'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''Wang Jindi\王金娣'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''''[[The Knot]]\云水谣'''''
|-
| [[Tang Yan]] 汤燕 || Sun Guiqin\孙淑琴 || ''[[The Assembly]]\集结号''
|-
| [[Gao Yuanyuan]] 高圆圆 || Shufen\淑芬 || ''[[Rob B Hood]]\宝贝计划''
|-
| [[Xu Ruoxuan]] 徐若瑄 || Wang Biyun\王碧云 || ''[[The Knot]]\云水谣''
|-
| [[Gigi Leung]] 梁咏琪 || Ms. Liu\刘老师 || ''[[The Secret of the Magic Gourd ]]\宝葫芦的秘密''
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 2006
| rowspan="4"| 28th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://ent.newssc.org/system/2006/09/22/010138007_01.shtml Nominees of 28th Hundred Flowers Awards] 22 Sep 2006.</ref>
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''[[René Liu]] 刘若英'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''Wang Li\王丽'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''''[[A World Without Thieves]]\天下无贼'''''
|-
| [[Zhang Yu (actress)|Zhang Yu]] 张瑜 || Ren Changxia\任长霞 || ''[[Ren Changxia]]\任长霞''
|-
| [[Zhang Ziyi]] 章子怡 || Xiaomei\小妹 || ''[[House of Flying Daggers]]\十面埋伏''
|-
| [[Na Renhua]] 娜仁花 || Xie Li\谢莉 || ''[[Life and Death of Niu Yuru]]\生死牛玉儒''
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 2004
| rowspan="4"| 27th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://ent.sina.com.cn/2004-09-09/1706499778.html Nominees of 27th Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2004.</ref>
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''[[Fan Bingbing]] 范冰冰'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''Wu Yue\武月'''
| style="background:#B0C4DE;" | '''''[[Cell Phone (film)|Cell Phone]]\手机'''''
|-
| [[Zhao Wei]] 赵薇 || Wen Zhu\文珠 || ''[[Warriors of Heaven and Earth]]\天地英雄''
|-
| [[Xu Fan]] 徐帆 || Shen Xue\沈雪 || ''[[Cell Phone (film)|Cell Phone]]\手机''
|-
| [[Zhang Yan]] 张妍 || Xiaohua\小花 || ''[[Warm Spring]]\暖春''
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2003
| 26th
|| [[Xu Jinglei]] 徐静蕾 || Xiaohui\小惠 || [[Spring Subway]]\开往春天的地铁
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2001
| 24th
|| [[Gong Li]] 巩俐 || Sun Liying\孙丽英 || [[Breaking the Silence]]\漂亮妈妈
|}

===1990s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1998
| 21st<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Liu Bei]] 刘蓓 || Zhou Beiyan\周北雁 || ''[[Dream Factory]]''\甲方乙方
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1997
| 20th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Ning Jing]] 宁静 || Danzhu\丹珠 || ''[[Red River Valley]]''\红河谷
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1996
| 17th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Guo Keyu]] 郭柯宇 || Chuchu\楚楚 || ''[[Red Cherry]]''\红樱桃
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1995
| 17th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Shen Danping]] 沈丹萍 || Hong || ''Liu cun cha kan''\留村察看
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1994
| 17th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Pan Hong]] 潘虹 || Fan Li\范莉 || ''[[Shanghai Fever]]''\股疯
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1993
| 16th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Gong Li]] 巩俐 || Songlian\颂莲 || ''[[Raise the Red Lantern]]''\大红灯笼高高挂
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1992
| 15th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhao Lirong]] 赵丽蓉 || Mom\母亲 || ''[[Spring Festival]]''\过年
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1991
| 14th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Song Jia]] 宋佳 || Subi\素碧 || ''[[Mountain Wind]]''\落山风
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1990
| 13th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Song Jia]] 宋佳 || Fang Siying\方丝萦 || ''[[The Garden]]''\庭院深深
|}

===1980s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1989
| 12th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Liu Xiaoqing]] 刘晓庆 || Chuntao\春桃 || ''[[Chuntao]]''\春桃
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1988
| 11th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Liu Xiaoqing]] 刘晓庆 || Jinzi\金子 || ''[[A Wild Field]]''\原野
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1987
| 10th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Liu Xiaoqing]] 刘晓庆 || Hu Yuyin\胡玉音 || ''[[Hibiscus Town]]''\芙蓉镇
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1986
| 9th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Fang Shu]] 方舒 || Chen Bailu\陈白露 || ''[[Sunrise]]''\日出
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1985
| 8th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Wu Yufang]] 吴玉芳 || Liu Qiaozhen\刘巧珍 || ''[[Life]]''\人生
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1984
| 7th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Gong Xue]] 龚雪 || Qin Nan\秦楠 || ''[[Under the Bridge]]''\大桥下面
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1983
| 6th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Siqin Gaowa]] 斯琴高娃 || Hu Niu\虎妞 || ''[[Rickshaw Boy]]''\骆驼祥子
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| 5th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Li Xiuming]] 李秀明 || Si Guniang\四姑娘 || ''[[Xu Mao and His Daughters]]''\许茂和他的女儿们
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1981
| 4th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhang Yu (actress)|Zhang Yu]] 张瑜 || Zhou Jun\周筠|| ''[[Love on Lushan Mountain]]''\庐山恋
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1980
| 3rd
|| [[Joan Chen]] 陈冲 || Xiaohua\小花 || ''[[Little Flower]]''\小花
|}

===1960s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1963
| 2nd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhang Ruifang]] 张瑞芳 || Li Shuangshuang\李双双 || ''[[Li Shuangshuang]]''\李双双
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1962
| 1st<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.china.com.cn/aboutchina/txt/2009-05/20/content_17805038.htm Winners of 1st Hundred Flowers Awards] 20 May 2009.</ref>
|| [[Zhu Xijuan]] 祝希娟 || Wu Qionghua\吴琼华 || ''[[The Red Detachment of Women]]''\红色娘子军
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Hundred Flowers Awards Chron}}
{{Hundred Flowers Award Best Actress}}

[[Category:Lists of films by award|Hundred Flowers, Best Actress]]
[[Category:Hundred Flowers Awards|Actress]]
[[Category:Film awards for lead actress]]

Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress

2011-06-16T15:01:50Z

Boxplot: /* Records */

Golden Rooster for '''Best Actress''' (中国电影金鸡奖最佳女主角) is the main category of Competition of [[Golden Rooster Awards]], awarding to leading actress(es) who have outstanding performance in motion pictures.

==Records==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="75%"
|-
!width=175|'''Items'''
!width=175|'''Name'''
!width=80|'''Statistics'''
!width=225|'''Notes'''
|-
|Most win
|[[Pan Hong]]
|3 wins
|
|-
|Oldest winner
|[[Jin Yaqin]]
|Age 80
|for ''[[You and Me (2005 film)|You and Me]]''
|-
|First Hong Kong actress win
|[[Carina Lau]]
| 1 win
| 2007, for ''[[Curiosity Kills the Cat (film)|Curiosity Kills the Cat]]''
|-
| Won [[Hundred Flowers Award for Best Actress]] for the same role
|[[Zhang Yu]] [[Siqin Gaowa]] [[Gong Xue]] [[Li Xiuming]] [[Liu Xiaoqing]] [[Pan Hong]] [[Gong Li]]
| 7 actresses
| for ''[[Romance on Lushan Mountain]]'' for ''[[Rickshaw Boy]]'' for ''Under the Bridge'' for ''Xu Mao and his daugthers'' for ''[[Hibiscus Town]]'' For ''[[Shanghai Fever]]'' for ''[[Breaking the Silence (film)|Breaking the Silence]]''
|-
|}

== Award Winners & Nominees ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Number !! Winners !! Nominees !! Films
|-
| 2009 || 27th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.china.com.cn/news/ent/2009-09/09/content_18489026.htm Nominees of 27th Golden Rooster Awards] 09 Sept 2009.</ref> || ‧'''[[Jiang Wenli]]''' for ''[[And the Spring Comes]]'' ‧'''[[Zhou Xun]]''' for ''[[The Equation of Love and Death]]''|| ‧[[Zhao Wei]] ‧[[Zhou Xun]] ‧[[Jiang Wenli]] ‧[[Zhang Ziyi]] ‧[[Yao Xingtong]] || [[Painted Skin (2008 film)|Painted Skin]]\画皮 [[The Equation of Love and Death]]\李米的猜想 [[And the Spring Comes]]\立春 [[Mei Lanfang]]\梅兰芳 [[Blooming]]\绽放
|-
| 2007 || 26th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://ent.sina.com.cn/m/c/2007-09-20/16131723851.shtml Nominees of 26th Golden Rooster Awards] 20 Sept 2007.</ref> || ‧'''[[Carina Lau]]''' for ''[[Curiosity Kills the Cat (film)|Curiosity Kills the Cat]]'' ‧'''[[Yan Bingyan]]''' for ''[[Love Teeth]]'' || ‧[[Carina Lau]] ‧[[Li Bingbing]] ‧[[René Liu]] ‧[[Zhu Yuanyuan]] ‧[[Yan Bingyan]] || [[Curiosity Kills the Cat (film)|Curiosity Kills the Cat]]\好奇害死猫 [[The Knot]]\云水谣 [[The Matrimony]]\连环局 [[The Forest Ranger]]\天狗 [[Love Teeth]]\爱情的牙齿
|-
| 2005 || 25th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.xiancn.com/gb/news/2005-10/16/content_686162.htm Nominees of 25th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Sept 2005.</ref> || ‧'''[[Jin Yaqin]]''' for ''[[You and Me (2005 film)|You and Me]]'' || ‧[[Jin Yaqin]] ‧[[Li Bingbing]] ‧[[Mei Ting]] ‧[[Zhang Jingchu]] || [[You and Me (2005 film)|You and Me]]\我们俩 [[Waiting Alone]]\独自等待 [[Aspirin (film)|Aspirin]]\阿司匹林 [[Hua Yao Xin Niang]]\花腰新娘
|-
| 2003 || 23rd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://ent.sina.com.cn/2003-10-10/0812212341.html Nominees of 23rd Golden Rooster Awards] 10 Oct 2003.</ref> || ‧'''[[Yu Nan]]''' for ''[[The Story of Ermei]]'' || ‧[[Yu Nan]] ‧[[Jiang Wenli]] ‧[[Li Jia]] || [[The Story of Ermei]]\惊蛰 [[Taiwan wang shi]]\台湾往事 [[Nuan]]\暖
|-
| 2002 || 22nd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://ent.sina.com.cn/m/2002-10-22/2222108183.html Nominees of 22nd Golden Rooster Awards] 22 Oct 2002.</ref> || ‧'''[[Ni Ping]]''' for ''[[Pretty Big Feet]]'' ‧'''[[Tao Hong]]''' for ''[[Life Show]]'' || ‧[[Tao Hong]] ‧[[Ni Ping]] ‧[[Na Renhua]]|| [[Life Show]]\生活秀 [[Pretty Big Feet]]\美丽的大脚 [[Heavenly Grassland]]\天上草原
|-
| 2001 || 20th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/CU-c/60467.htm Nominees of 20th Golden Rooster Awards] 21 Sept 2001.</ref> || ‧'''[[Song Chunli]]''' for ''[[Together Forever (2000 film)|Together Forever]]'' || ‧[[Song Chunli]] ‧[[Zhuo Liying]] ‧[[Yuan Quan]] || [[Together Forever (2000 film)|Together Forever]]\相伴永远 [[Home in Shudefang]]\家在树德坊 [[A Love Of Blueness]]\蓝色爱情
|-
| 1999 || 19th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/movie/1999-9-21/10615.shtml Nominees of 19th Golden Rooster Awards] 21 Sept 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Ning Jing]]''' for ''[[Lovers' Grief Over the Yellow River]]'' || ‧[[Xu Fan]] ‧[[Ning Jing]] ‧[[Yuan Quan]] || [[Be There or Be Square]]\不见不散 [[Lovers' Grief Over the Yellow River]]\黄河绝恋 [[Shanghai Trial]]\上海纪事
|-
| 1997 || 17th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12007.shtml Nominees of 17th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Yu Hui]]''' for ''[[Xi Lian]]'' || ‧[[Yu Hui]] ‧[[Gai Ke]] ‧[[Xi Meijuan]] || [[Xi Lian]]\喜莲 [[After Divorce]]\离婚了，别再来找我 [[A Tree (film)|A Tree]]\一棵树
|-
| 1996 || 16th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12006.shtml Nominees of 16th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Song Chunli]]''' for ''[[Jiuxiang]]'' || ‧[[Song Chunli]] ‧[[Guo Keyu]] ‧[[Cao Cuifen]] || [[Jiuxiang]]\九香 [[Red Cherry]]\红樱桃 [[Gu er lei]]\孤儿泪
|-
| 1995 || 15th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12005.shtml Nominees of 15th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Ai Liya]]''' for ''[[Ermo]]'' || ‧[[Xu Fan]] ‧[[Ai Liya]] ‧[[Pu Chaoying]] || [[Farewell My Love]]\永失我爱 [[Ermo]]\二嫫 [[Women Flowers]]\女人花
|-
| 1994 || 14th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12003.shtml Nominees of 14th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Pan Hong]]''' for ''[[Shanghai Fever]]'' || ‧[[Pan Hong]] ‧[[Bo Han]] ‧[[Ning Jing]] || [[Shanghai Fever]]\股疯 [[Metor Love Words]]\都市情话 [[Red Firecracker, Green Firecracker]]\炮打双灯
|-
| 1993 || 13th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12002.shtml Nominees of 13th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Gong Li]]''' for ''[[The Story of Qiu Ju]]'' || ‧[[Gong Li]] ‧[[Xu Fan]] || [[The Story of Qiu Ju]]\秋菊打官司 [[After Separation]]\大撒把
|-
| 1992 || 12th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/12001.shtml Nominees of 12th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Song Xiaoying]]''' for ''[[Smiles in Candle Light]]'' || ‧[[Song Xiaoying]] ‧[[Ding Yi]] ‧[[Zhao Lirong]] || [[Smiles in Candle Light]]\烛光里的微笑 [[Bell of Purity Temple]]\清凉寺的钟声 [[The Spring Festival]]\过年
|-
| 1991 || 11th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://eladies.sina.com.cn/movie/news/1999-10-18/11999.shtml Nominees of 11th Golden Rooster Awards] 18 Oct 1999.</ref> || ‧'''[[Xi Meijuan]]''' for ''[[Fake Daughter]]'' || ‧[[Lü Liping]] ‧[[Xi Meijuan]] ‧[[Ma Xiaoqing]] || [[Suffered Passion]]\遭遇激情 [[Fake Daughter]]\假女情真 [[Good Morning, Beijing]]\北京，你早
|-
| 1990 ||10th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315457.html Winners of 10th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧empty || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1989 ||9th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315456.html Winners of 9th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Xu Shouli]]''' for ''[[To die like a man]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1988 ||8th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315455.html Winners of 8th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Pan Hong]]''' for ''Well'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1987 ||7th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315454.html Winners of 7th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Liu Xiaoqing]]''' for ''[[Hibiscus Town]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1986 ||6th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315453.html Winners of 6th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Yue Hong]]''' for ''[[Wild Mountains]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1985 ||5th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315452.html Winners of 5th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Li Ling]]''' for ''[[Girl from Mt. Huangshan]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1984 ||4th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315450.html Winners of 4th Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Gong Xue]]''' for ''[[Under the Bridge]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1983 || 3rd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315449.html Winners of 3rd Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Pan Hong]]''' for ''[[At Middle Age]]'' ‧'''[[Siqin Gaowa]]''' for ''[[Rickshaw Boy]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1982 || 2nd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315448.html Winners of 2nd Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Li Xiuming]]''' for ''[[Xu Mao And His Daughters]]'' || unknown || unknown
|-
| 1981 || 1st<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel6/33/20001116/315447.html Winners of 1st Golden Rooster Awards] 16 Nov 2000.</ref> || ‧'''[[Zhang Yu (actress)|Zhang Yu]]''' for ''[[Romance on Lushan Mountain]]'' & ''[[Evening Rain]]'' || unknown || unknown
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Golden Rooster Awards Chron}}
{{Golden Rooster Award Best Actress}}

[[Category:Film awards for lead actress]]
[[Category:Lists of films by award|Golden Rooster, Best Actress]]
[[Category:Golden Rooster Awards|Actress, Best]]

Hundred Flowers Award for Best Actor

2011-06-16T15:01:19Z

Boxplot: /* Records */

'''The [[Hundred Flowers Awards|Hundred Flowers Award]] for Best Actor''' was first awarded by the China Film Association in 1962.

==Records==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="75%"
|-
!width=175|'''Items'''
!width=175|'''Name'''
!width=80|'''Statistics'''
!width=225|'''Notes'''
|-
|Most win
|[[Ge You]]
|3 wins
|
|-
|}

==Winners & nominations==
===2000s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2004
| 27th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Ge You]] 葛优 || Yan Shouyi\严守一 || [[Cell Phone (film)]]\手机
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2003
| 26th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Lu Qi]] 葛优 || Deng Xiaoping\邓小平 || [[Deng Xiaoping]]\邓小平
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2002
| 25th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Ge You]] 葛优 || You you\尤优 || [[Big Shot's Funeral]]\大腕
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2001
| 24th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Wang Qingxiang]] 王庆祥 || Li Gaocheng\李高成 || [[Fatal Decision]]\生死抉择

|}

===1990s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1999
| 22nd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhao Benshan]] 赵本山 || Liu Yiben\刘一本 || [[Chairman]]\男妇女主任
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1998
| 21st<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Ge You]] 葛优 || Yao Yuan\姚远 || [[The Dream Factory]]\甲方乙方
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1997
| 20th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Gao Ming]] 高明 || Kong Fansen\孔繁森 || [[Kong Fansen]]\孔繁森
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1996
| 19th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhang Guoli]] 张国立 || Sha Xin\沙新 || [[The Strangers in Beijing]]\混在北京
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1995
| 18th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Li Rentang]] 李仁堂 || Uncle Shang Guang\山杠爷 || [[Accused Uncle Shang Guang]]\被告山杠爷
|}

===1980s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1983
| 6th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Yan Shunkai]] 严顺开 || A Q\阿Q || ''[[The True Story of Ah Q]]''\阿Q正传
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| 5th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Wang Xingang]] 王心刚 || Cai E\蔡锷 || ''[[Imperial Concubine]]''\知音

|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1981
| 4th<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Da Shichang]] 达式常 || Doctor\医生 || ''[[Backing Swallow]]''\燕归来
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1980
| 3rd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Li Rentang]] 李仁堂 || Zhu Keshi\朱克实 || ''[[Tears]]''\泪痕
|}

===1960s===
{| class="wikitable" width="95%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|-
! width="6%"|Year
! width="4%"|Number
! width="28%"|Actress
! width="31%"|Character
! width="31%"|Film
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1963
| 2nd<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/ent/2008-09/09/content_9867438.htm Winners of Hundred Flowers Awards] 09 Sep 2008.</ref>
|| [[Zhang Liang]] 张良 || Chen Dahu, Chen Erhu\陈大虎, 陈二虎 || ''[[Courageous Fighter]]''\哥俩好
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1962
| 1st<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.china.com.cn/aboutchina/txt/2009-05/20/content_17805038.htm Winners of 1st Hundred Flowers Awards] 20 May 2009.</ref>
|| [[Cui Wei]] 崔嵬 || Zhu Laogong, Zhu Laozhong\朱老巩, 朱老忠 || ''[[Keep Red Flag Flying]]''\红旗谱
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Hundred Flowers Awards Chron}}
{{Hundred Flowers Award Best Actor}}

[[Category:Lists of films by award|Hundred Flowers, Best Actor]]
[[Category:Hundred Flowers Awards|Actor]]
[[Category:Film awards for lead actor]]

Fishing industry in Greenland

2011-06-16T15:00:32Z

Boxplot: /* Production */

[[File:Duda lasø upernavik 2007-07-05 cropped.jpg|thumb|right|Fishing vessel in [[Upernavik]]]]
[[File:Inuit hooks.JPG|thumb|right|Inuit hooks used for ice fishing]]
The '''fishing industry in Greenland''' is very important to the national [[economy of Greenland]] and local food supply. It is the source of many people's livelihoods all across the country, employing some 6,500 out of a national population of 56,452 people (2010).
<ref name="(Firm)2003">{{cite book|author=World of Information (Firm)|title=Europe Review|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Hwi0s3I5jLEC&pg=PA164|accessdate=29 March 2011|date=November 2003|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=9780749440671|page=164}}</ref><ref>Statistics Greenland, [http://www.stat.gl/LinkClick.aspx?link=Greenland+in+Figures%2fGIF_2010.pdf ''Greenland in Figures, 2010'']</ref>

Fishing exports from Greenland in the past 20 years are accounted at about 90% of the country's total exports with international firms finding it a profitable business.<ref name=Green>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldfishing.net/features101/new-horizons/greenland|title=Greenland| accessdate=30 March 2011|publisher= worldfishing.net}}</ref> Exports are mostly to [[United States of America|USA]], [[Japan]], [[Norway]], [[Thailand]], [[Germany]], [[Great Britain]], [[Iceland]] and [[Denmark]].<ref name=prawn>{{Cite web|url=http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/FactsheetDenmark/Greenland/html/chapter01.htm|title=Greenland|accessdate=31 March 2011|publisher=Publication of Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref> The contribution of fishing industries to the economy of Greenland as a whole is estimated to be more than 50%; contribution to gross national income of the country is reported to be as high as 20%.<ref name="AssessmentProgramme2005">{{cite book|author1=Arctic Climate Impact Assessment|author2=Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme|author3=Program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna|coauthors=International Arctic Science Committee|title=Arctic climate impact assessment|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=52zXIwAUVa8C&pg=PA724|accessdate=31 March 2011|year=2005|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521865098|pages=724–}}</ref>

The fish that dominate the Greenlandic fishing industry are mainly [[shrimp]]s, [[cod]], [[Greenland halibut|halibut]] and [[salmon]]s. They are caught and processed in Greenland and then are sold, often exported in frozen cans. The center of the fishing industry lies in the south of the country, the main hub is in [[Disko Bay]] in the southwest.

==History==
Greenland’s entry into the market of [[European Union]] was in 1972. This was considered as harmful to the interests of Greenland, and eventually, based on a referendum, in 1985 this was replaced with five year agreements with the EU.<ref name=Green/>

Although in the 1970s and early 1980s the [[halibut]] industry in Greenland was low scale, it has since dramatically increased since the 1980s and in the future may develop into a purely commercial venture for many native people in the country.<ref name="PiggremWoodworth2005">{{cite book|last1=Piggrem|first1=Gary|last2=Woodworth|first2=Steven E.|title=U.S. History Super Review|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=d7gk1CCXug4C&pg=PA138|accessdate=29 March 2011|date=17 June 2005|publisher=Research & Education Assoc.|isbn=9780738600703|page=138}}</ref><ref name="Dahl2000">{{cite book|last=Dahl|first=Jens|title=Saqqaq: an Inuit hunting community in the modern world|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=WIciyhVD0soC&pg=PA125|accessdate=29 March 2011|year=2000|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=9780802082374|page=125}}</ref>

Although the industry grew dramatically in the 1990s, by 2000 depletion of stocks resulted in falling revenues and the closure of many fishing plants.<ref name="(Firm)2003"/> This problem continued into 2002. In 2000, Greenland renewed its agreement with the [[European Union]] in which along with [[Denmark]] relies on subsidies to support the growth of the industry and in return Greenlandic fish is openly sold in Europeans markets, boosting the economy.<ref name="(Firm)2003"/>

On March 7, 1992, Greenland made an agreement with [[Russia]] over fishing exploitation in their waters and in 2010 made new negotiations in [[St. Petersburg]].<ref name="Siku">{{cite web|url=http://www.sikunews.com/News/Denmark-Greenland/New-fishing-agreement-between-Greenland-and-Russia-8306|title=New fishing agreement between Greenland and Russia|publisher=Siku News|accessdate=29 March 2011}}</ref> The agreement was that Greenland would be permitted to fish for cod and [[haddock]] in the [[Barents Sea]], while Russia would be permitted to fish for [[Deepwater redfish|redfish]] and [[Greenland halibut]] in East and West Greenland.<ref name="Siku"/> Estimates are that in 2011 Russia would fish some 750 tonnes of redfish in Greenlandic waters.<ref name="Siku"/>

==Production==
[[File:Greenland fish transport.jpg|thumb|right|250px]]
Fishing operation during the 1990s was pursued by 150 vessels (both international and chartered) which resulted in an average production of 188,500 tonnes in the period between 1988 and 1995. The [[Royal Greenland]] of the [[Government of Greenland]] manages most of the fishing industry. Royal Greenland alone has more than 10 processing factories on the island. It also has 15 smaller plants, apart from plants in Denmark and Germany.<ref name=Green/> Its six fishing trawlers catch mostly [[shrimp]] and [[prawns]].<ref name=Green/><ref name="prawn"/>

As of 2010 statistical reports, fish processing is the main industry of Greenland; mainly of shrimp and halibut with exports of fish and fish products accounting for 88%, with prawns contributing a major share of 54%. 93% of exports is to EU (mostly Denmark), 4% to other [[Europe]]an countries and the balance to [[North America]].<ref name=Statistics>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stat.gl/LinkClick.aspx?link=Greenland+in+Figures%2fGIF_2010.pdf|format=pdf|title=Greenland in Figures 2010|pages=7, 14, 21|accessdate=31 March 2011|publisher=Statistics Greenland: Government of Greenland}}</ref>

Greenland has legislated laws related to fisheries imposing quota limits on fishing of prawns and halibut. Laws are enforced on the basis of biological advice to ensure sustenance of its natural resources. The limits imposed, on a year to year basis, on fisheries in Greenlandic waters by Greenlandic vessels are: Total [[shell fish]] comprising Islandic [[scallop]], Northern prawn and [[Snow crab]] was 138,000 tonnes in 2008; total fish comprising species of [[Atlantic cod]], [[Atlantic halibut]], [[capelin]], [[catfishes]], [[Arctic char|chars]], [[Greenland cod]], [[Greenland halibut]], [[Greenland shark]], [[lump fish]], [[Deepwater redfish|redfish]] in 2008 was 76,100 tonnes; [[Pinniped|seal]] hunting was pegged at 159,661 number of seals, namely [[harbour seal]], [[bearded seal]], [[harp seal]] over 4 years old, harp seal under 4 years, [[hooded seal]], [[ringed seal]] and [[walrus]]. Whaling was limited in 2007 at 3821 individuals of [[beluga whale]], [[fin whale]], [[killer whale]], [[minke whale]], [[narwhal]], [[pilot whale]] and [[Giant beaked whale|porpoise whale]].<ref name=Statistics/>

The exports statistics of various types of fishes in 2009 in tons are: prawns 64,256; cod 8,998; Greenland halibut 20,831, scallops 121; crab 1,380; [[lumpsucker]] spawn 776; other fish 7,780; other fish products 760; and seal, whale and shark 15.<ref name=Statistics/>
<center>
<gallery caption="Fishes in Greeenland"|125px>
File:Reinhardtius hippoglossoides.jpg|[[Greenland halibut]]
File:Salvelinusalpinus.jpg| [[Arctic char]]
File:Seewolf.JPG| [[Sea Wolf]]
File:Arctic Char.jpg| Arctic char
File:Humpback Whale underwater shot.jpg| [[Humpback whale]]
</gallery>
</center>

==Economy==
Greenland's economy is highly dependent on the fishing industry; contribution to its economy in 2000 was reported as 25% of [[Gross National Income|GNI]] and 23 to 30% of the economy. The sparsely populated villages along the coast, with about 150 inhabitants in each village, are entirely dependent on marine resources of fishing and hunting.<ref name="AssessmentProgramme2005"/>

Export is dominated by the halibut species of fish to the extent of 56% while other species make up the balance. EU gives grants to Greenland amounting to [[DKK]] 320 million which is tied to fishing rights in Greenland. However, Greenland gets total exemption of duty on its exports to the EU, which generates an income of DKK 200 million.<ref name=prawn/><ref name="AssessmentProgramme2005"/>

The important production sector of Greenland at some stage accounted between 80 and 90% of exports. After export of [[zinc]] and [[copper]] stopped in 1990, exports registered a high of 90% in 2000, valued at US$ 250 million out of a total export value of about US$ 285 million.<ref name="AssessmentProgramme2005"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Fishing by country}}

[[Category:Economy of Greenland]]
[[Category:Fishing by country|Greenland]]

Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress

2011-06-16T14:59:29Z

Boxplot: /* Records */

{| class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em; font-size:90%;" cellspacing="2"
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:#ed8;" class="fn" | '''[[Hong Kong Film Award]] for Best Actress'''
|-
| '''Awarded for'''
|Performance by an actress in a leading role
|-
| '''Presented by'''
| [[Hong Kong Film Awards]]
|-
| '''Country'''
| [[Hong Kong]]
|-
| '''First awarded'''
| 1982 (for performances in films released in [[1981 in film|1981]]/[[1982 in film|1982]])
|-
| '''First winner'''
| [[Kara Hui]] ''[[My Young Auntie]]
|-
| '''Currently held by'''
| [[Kara Hui]] ''[[At the End of Daybreak]'' ([[29th Hong Kong Film Awards|2010]])
|-
| '''Most awards'''
| [[Maggie Cheung]] (5 awards)
|-
| '''Most nominations'''
| [[Maggie Cheung]] (9 nominations)
|-
| '''Most nominations in a single year'''
| [[Sammi Cheng]] (3 noms, [[2002 in films|2002]])
|-
! colspan=2|[http://www.hkfaa.com/ Official website]
|}

The Hong Kong Film Award for Best actress is an annual [[Hong Kong cinema|Hong Kong]] industry award presented to an actress for the best performance by an actress in a leading role.

==Records==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="75%"
|-
!width=175|'''Items'''
!width=175|'''Name'''
!width=80|'''Statistics'''
!width=225|'''Notes'''
|-
|Most win
|[[Maggie Cheung]]
|5 wins
|9 nominations
|-
|Most nominations
|[[Maggie Cheung]] [[Sylvia Chang]]
|9 nominations
|5 wins 2 wins
|-
|Oldest winner
|[[Law Lan]]
|Age 64
|for ''Bullets Over Summer''
|-
|Youngest winner
|[[Becky Lam]]
|Age 17
|for ''Lonely Fiften''
|-
|Oldest nominee
|[[Law Lan]]
|Age 64
|for ''Bullets Over Summer''
|-
|Youngest nominee
|[[Becky Lam]] [[Isabella Leong]]
|Age 17
|for ''Lonely Fiften'' for ''[[Isabella (2006 film)|Isabella]]''
|-
|Most nominations without win
|[[Carina Lau]] [[Sammi Cheng]] [[Karena Lam]]
|5 nominations
|
|-
|}

==Winners and nominees==

Winners are listed first in '''bold''', followed by the other nominees.

===1980s{{anchor|1980}}===
*'''1982 [[Kara Hui]] - ''[[My Young Auntie]]''''' as '''Cheng Tai-Nan'''

*'''1983 [[Becky Lam]] - ''[[Leng mooi jai]]'''''
** [[Cherie Chung]] - ''[[Pok hoh ka fe]]''
** [[Season Ma]] - ''[[Boat People]]'' as Cam Nuong
** [[Cora Miao]] - ''[[Boat People]]'' as Nguyen's Mistress
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Aces Go Places]]'' as Supt. Nancy Ho

*'''1984 [[Cecilia Yip]] - ''[[Let's Make Laugh]]''''' as '''Yeung Noi-dong'''
** [[So-ying Hui]] - ''[[Boon bin yen]]'' as Ah Ying
** [[Hui-Ling Liu]] - ''[[Chui lian ting zheng]]''
** [[Cherie Chung]] - ''[[Hong Kong, Hong Kong]]'' as Man Si Sun
** [[Brigitte Lin]] - ''[[Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain]]'' as Countess

*'''1985 [[Siqin Gaowa]] - ''[[Homecoming (1984 film)|Homecoming]]''''' as '''Pearl'''
** [[Cecilia Yip]] - ''[[Hong Kong 1941]]'' as Han Yuk Nam
** [[Deannie Yip]] - ''[[Hang choh yan yuen lo]]''
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Shanghai Blues]]'' as Shu-Shu
** [[Josephine Koo]] - ''[[Homecoming (1984 film)|Homecoming]]'' as Coral Zhang

*'''1986 [[Pauline Wong]] - ''[[Love with a Perfect Stranger]]'''''
** [[Pat Ha]] - ''[[My Name Ain't Suzie]]''
** [[Deannie Yip]] - ''[[The Unwritten Law]]''
** [[Brigitte Lin]] - ''[[Police Story (1985 film)|Police Story]]'' as Selina Fong
** [[Cora Miao]] - ''[[Women (1985 film)|Women]]'' as Bao-er

*'''1987 [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Passion (1986 film)|Passion]]''''' as '''Wendy Pai'''
** [[Sally Yeh]] - ''[[Peking Opera Blues]]'' as Pat Neil
** [[Poon Hung]] - ''[[The Last Emperor(1986 film)|The Last Emperor]]''
** [[Yuk Guen Lee]] - ''[[Just Like Weather]]'' as Christine
** [[Season Ma]] - ''[[Silent Love(1986 film)|Silent Love]]'' as Heung Gite

*'''1988 [[Josephine Siao]] - ''[[Bat si yuen ga bat jui tau]]'''''
** [[Cherie Chung]] - ''[[An Autumn's Tale]]'' as Jennifer
** [[Carol Cheng]] - ''[[Shen qi liang xia nu]]''
** [[Joey Wang]] - ''[[A Chinese Ghost Story]]'' as Lit Sin Seen
** [[Din Long Lee]] - ''[[Final Victory]]'' as Ping
** [[Loletta Lee]] - ''[[Final Victory]]'' as Mimi

*'''1989 [[Anita Mui]] - ''[[Rouge (film)|Rouge]]''''' as '''Fleur'''
** [[Cora Miao]] - ''[[Gai juk tiu mo]]''
** [[Carol Cheng]] - ''[[San ren shi jie]]'' as Ju Lai-ngor
** [[Niu Tien]] - ''[[The Other ½ & the Other ½]]'' as June Lee
** [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[As Tears Go By (film)|As Tears Go By]]'' as Ngor

===1990s{{anchor|1990}}===

*'''1990 [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[A Fishy Story]]''''' as '''Huang'''
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[All About Ah-Long]]'' as Sylvia Poon
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Eight Taels of Gold]]''
** [[Carrie Ng]] - ''[[The First Time is the Last Time]]'' as Winnie Wong
** [[Bo-Bo Fung]] - ''[[Beyond the Sunset]]'' as May
** [[Carina Lau]] - ''[[I Am Sorry]]'' as Carole Chang

*'''1991 [[Carol Cheng]] - ''[[Her Fatal Ways]]''''' as '''Cheng Shih-Nan'''
** [[Carina Lau]] - ''[[Days of Being Wild]]'' as Leung Fung-ying
** [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[Farewell China]]'' as Li Hung
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Queen of Temple Street]]'' as Big Sis Wah
** [[Gong Li]] - ''[[A Terra-Cotta Warrior]]'' as Winter / Lili Chu

*'''1992 [[Cecilia Yip]] - ''[[This Thing Called Love]]''''' as '''Yee'''
** [[Carol Cheng]] - ''[[Her Fatal Ways 2]]'' as Cheng Shih-Nan
** [[Anita Mui]] - ''[[Till We Meet Again (1991 film)|Till We Meet Again]]'' as Mui Ye
** [[Carina Lau]] - ''[[Gigolo and Whore]]'' as Chung Siu-Hung
** [[Min Chand]] - ''[[Dances with the Dragon]]'' as Shi

*'''1993 [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[Centre Stage]]''''' as '''Ruan Ling-yu'''
** [[Chingmy Yau]] - ''[[Naked Killer]]'' as Kitty / Vivian Shang
** [[Brigitte Lin]] - ''[[Handsome Siblings]]'' as Eva Mor, daughter of Eva
** [[Anita Mui]] - ''[[Justice, My Foot!]]'' as Madam Sung
** [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[New Dragon Gate Inn]]'' as Jade King
** [[Brigitte Lin]] - ''[[Swordsman II]]'' as Asia the Invincible

*'''1994 [[Anita Yuen]] - ''[[San bat liu ching]]''''' as '''Min'''
** [[Josephine Siao]] - ''[[Cheung chin fuchai]]'' as Yin - Chang's wife
** [[Josephine Siao]] - ''[[Fong Sai-yuk (film)|The Legend]]'' as Miu Chui-Fa
** [[Carrie Ng]] - ''[[Remains of a Woman]]'' as Judy Yu
** [[Veronica Yip]] - ''[[A Roof with a View]]'' as Yip Hiu-Tung

*'''1995 [[Anita Yuen]] - ''[[He's a Woman, She's a Man]]''''' as '''Lam Chi Wing'''
** [[Fan Hui]] - ''[[One of the Lucky Ones]]''
** [[Faye Wong]] - ''[[Chungking Express]]'' as Faye
** [[Chien-lien Wu]] - ''[[The Returning]]'' as Elaine
** [[Joan Chen]] - ''[[Red Rose White Rose]]'' as Wang Jiao-Rui
** [[Alice Lau Nga Lai|Alice Lau]] - ''[[I Have a Date with Spring]]'' as Butterfly Yiu

*'''1996 [[Josephine Siao]] - ''[[Summer Snow]]''''' as '''May Sun'''
** [[Chingmy Yau]] - ''[[I'm Your Birthday Cake!]]'' as Cher Lo
** [[Bo-Bo Fung]] - ''[[Bu yi tang de ma ma]]'' as Nurse Lam Sau Mei
** [[Anita Mui]] - ''[[Rumble in the Bronx]]'' as Elaine
** [[Cecilia Yip]] - ''[[Peace Hotel]]'' as Shau Siu Man / Lam Ling

*'''1997 [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[Comrades: Almost a Love Story]]''''' as '''Qiao Li'''
** [[Gong Li]] - ''[[Temptress Moon]]'' as Pang Ruyi
** [[Josephine Siao]] - ''[[Hu Du Men]]'' as Lang Kim-Sum
** [[Sandra Ng]] - ''[[Si mian xia wa]]''
** [[Karen Mok]] - ''[[God of Cookery]]'' as Turkey

*'''1998 [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[The Soong Sisters]]''''' as '''Soong Ching-ling / Madam Sun'''
** [[Chien-lien Wu]] - ''[[Eighteen Springs (film)|Eighteen Springs]]'' as Gu Manzhen
** [[Shu Qi]] - ''[[Sweet Symphony]]''
** [[Paulyn Sun]] - ''[[Island of Greed]]'' as Miu-Heung
** [[Carina Lau]] - ''[[Intimates (1997 film)|Intimates]]'' as Wan

*'''1999 [[Sandra Ng]] - ''[[Portland Street Blues]]''''' as '''Sister Thirteen'''
** [[Shu Qi]] - ''[[City of Glass (film)|City of Glass]]'' as Vivian
** [[Fiona Leung]] - ''[[A Hero Never Dies]]'' as Fiona, Martin's Girlfriend
** [[Anita Yuen]] - ''[[Till Death Do Us Part (1998 film)|Till Death Do Us Part]]'' as BoBo
** [[Chingmy Yau]] - ''[[Hold You Tight]]'' as Ah Moon / Rosa Gao

===2000s{{anchor|2000}}===

*'''2000 [[Lan Law]] - ''[[Bullets Over Summer]]''''' as '''Granny'''
** [[Deannie Yip]] - ''[[Crying Heart]]'' as Mrs. Fat
** [[Loletta Lee]] - ''[[Ordinary Heroes (film)|Ordinary Heroes]]'' as Sow
** [[Gigi Leung]] - ''[[Tempting Heart]]'' as Sheo-rou
** [[Cecilia Cheung]] - ''[[Fly Me to Polaris]]'' as Autumn Yue

*'''2001 [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[In the Mood for Love]]''''' as '''Su Li-zhen'''
** [[Sammi Cheng]] - ''[[Needing You...]]'' as Kinki Kwok
** [[Hailu Qin]] - ''[[Liulian piao piao]]'' as Qin Yan
** [[Michelle Yeoh]] - ''[[Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon]]'' as Yu Shu Lien
** [[Zhang Ziyi]] - ''[[Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon]]'' as Jen Yu

*'''2002 [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Forever and Ever (2001 film)|Forever and Ever]]'''''
** [[Sammi Cheng]] - ''[[Wu yen]]'' as Chung Wu Yen
** [[Anita Mui]] - ''[[July Rhapsody]]'' as Lam Man-Ching
** [[Sammi Cheng]] - ''[[Love on a Diet]]'' as Mini Mo
** [[Sammi Cheng]] - ''[[Fighting for Love]]'' as Siu Tong

*'''2003 [[Angelica Lee]] - ''[[The Eye (2002 film)|The Eye]]''''' as '''Wong Kar Mun'''
** [[Sandra Ng]] - ''[[Golden Chicken]]'' as Kam
** [[Faye Wong]] - ''[[Chinese Odyssey 2002]]'' as Princess Wushuang
** [[Karena Lam]] - ''[[Inner Senses]]'' as Cheung Yan
** [[Maggie Cheung]] - ''[[Hero (2002 film)|Hero]]'' as Flying Snow

*'''2004 [[Cecilia Cheung]] - ''[[Lost in Time (film)|Lost in Time]]''''' as '''Siu Wai'''
** [[Cecilia Cheung]] - ''[[Running on Karma]]'' as Inspector Lee Fung Yee
** [[Sandra Ng]] - ''[[Golden Chicken 2]]'' as Kam
** [[Karena Lam]] - ''[[Floating Landscape]]'' as Maan
** [[Carina Lau]] - ''[[Infernal Affairs II]]'' as Mary Hon

*'''2005 [[Zhang Ziyi]] - ''[[2046]]''''' as '''Bai Ling'''
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[20 30 40]]'' as Lily
** [[Karena Lam]] - ''[[Koma (film)|Koma]]'' as Suen Ling
** [[Yuen Qiu]] - ''[[Kung Fu Hustle]]'' as Landlady
** [[Cecilia Cheung]] - ''[[One Nite in Mongkok]]'' as Dandan

*'''2006 [[Zhou Xun]] - ''[[Perhaps Love (film)|Perhaps Love]]''''' as '''Sun Na'''
** [[Sammi Cheng]] - ''[[Everlasting Regret]]'' as Wang Qiyao
** [[Karena Lam]] - ''[[Home Sweet Home (2005 film)|Home Sweet Home]]'' as Yim Hung
** [[Sylvia Chang]] - ''[[Rice Rhapsody]]'' as Jen
** [[Karen Mok]] - ''[[Wait 'Til You're Older]]'' as Tsui Man

*'''2007 [[Gong Li]] - ''[[Curse of the Golden Flower]]''''' as '''Empress Phoenix'''
** [[Teresa Mo]] - ''[[Men Suddenly in Black 2]]''
** [[Angelica Lee]] - ''[[Re-cycle]]'' as Tsui Ting-Yin
** [[Rene Liu]] - ''[[Happy Birthday (2007 film)|Happy Birthday]]'' as Mi
** [[Isabella Leong]] - ''[[Isabella (2006 film)|Isabella]]'' as Bik-Yan Cheung

*'''2008 [[Siqin Gaowa]] - ''[[The Postmodern Life of My Aunt]]''''' as '''Ye Rutang'''
** [[Teresa Mo]] - ''[[Mr. Cinema]]'' as Chan Sau Ying
** [[Zhang Jingchu]] - ''[[Protégé (film)|Protégé]]'' as Jane
** [[Rene Liu]] - ''[[Kidnap]]'' as Inspector Ho Yuan-chun
** [[Charlene Choi]] - ''[[Simply Actors]]'' as Dani Dan

*'''2009 [[Paw Hee-Ching]] - ''[[The Way We Are (film)|The Way We Are]]''''' as '''Mrs. Cheung'''
**[[Prudence Liew]] — ''[[True Women For Sale]]'' as Lai Chung-chung
**[[Barbie Hsu]] — ''[[Connected (film)|Connected]]'' as Grace Wong
**[[Zhou Xun]] — ''[[Painted Skin (2008 film)|Painted Skin]]'' as Xiao Wei
**[[Karena Lam]] — ''[[Claustrophobia (2008 film)|Claustrophobia]]'' as Pearl

*'''2010 [[Kara Hui]] - ''[[At the End of Daybreak]]''''' as '''Tak's mother'''
**[[Zhang Jingchu]] - ''[[Night and Fog]]'' as Wong Hiu Ling
**[[Zhao Wei]] - ''[[Mulan (2009 film)|Mulan]]'' as [[Hua Mulan]]
**[[Shu Qi]] - ''[[Look for a Star]]'' as Milan Sit
**[[Sandra Ng]] - ''[[Echoes of the Rainbow]]'' as Mrs. Law

==External links==
* [http://www.hkfaa.com/ Hong Kong Film Awards Official Site]

{{Hong Kong Film Awards Chron}}
{{CinemaofHongKong}}

[[Category:Best Actress HKFA| ]]
[[Category:Film awards for lead actress]]

[[zh:香港電影金像獎最佳女主角]]

Bill Vakaafi Motufoou

2011-06-16T14:58:48Z

Boxplot: /* References */

Hon. '''Bill Vakaafi Motufoou''' is the Assemblyman for the Village of [[Mutalau]] on [[Niue]]. He was first elected into Parliament in 1999, then 2002, 2005 and also successfully (?) contested the seat for [[Niue General Election 2008]]. He was the General Secretary for the [[Mutalau Village Council]] before elected into parliament. He is also the Committee Member of the [[Niue Island Organic Farming Association]] (NIOFA).

==External links==
* [http://www.spc.int/prism/Country/nu/stats/Reports/Abstracts/Niue%20Abstracts_Part1_A.pdf Country statistics]
* [http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/008/j2409e/j2409e02.htm Meeting]

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Motufoou, Bill Vakaafi
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Motufoou, Bill Vakaafi}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Members of the Niue Assembly]]

{{Niue-politician-stub}}

Fiji men's national basketball team

2011-06-16T14:57:57Z

Boxplot: /* References */

The '''Fiji national basketball team''' is the team that represents [[Fiji]] in international [[basketball]] and is a member of [[FIBA Oceania]].

The Fiji Men's and Womens Team in 2007 captured the Gold Medal at the XIIIth South Pacific Games Held in Samoa.

==2007 South Pacific Games Squad Members==

'''MEN'S TEAM''' <ref>http://www.sportingpulse.com/team_info.cgi?c=2-3553-51944-59169-5553656&a=STATS</ref>

Adrian Bossley

Baravi Thaman

Frank Saketa

Ioane Naivalurua

Isikeli Mara

Jale Waivure

Kolinio Matalau

Laisiasa Puamau

Leonard Whippy

Marques Whippy

Peniasi Sokosoko

Sakiusa Rokodi

'''WOMEN'S TEAM''' <ref>http://www.sportingpulse.com/team_info.cgi?c=2-3553-51944-59799-5843996&a=STATS</ref>

Agnes Sokosoko

Batiri Hughes

Brittany Hazelman

Elenoa Naivalurua

Kelera Mataika

Leilani Saukawa

Letava Whippy

Mareta Mani

Mikaelar Whippy

Seini Dobui

Sera Colata

Valerie Nainima

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.australiabasket.com/Fiji/basketball.asp Fiji National Basketball Team information]

*[http://www.sportingpulse.com/team_info.cgi?c=2-3553-51944-59169-5553656&a=STATS 2007 SPG Fiji Men's Team Statistics]

*[http://www.sportingpulse.com/team_info.cgi?c=2-3553-51944-59799-5843996&a=STATS 2007 SPG Fiji Women's Team Statistics]

{{International basketball}}
{{FIBA Oceania teams}}

[[Category:National basketball teams]]
[[Category:National sports teams of Fiji|Basketball]]

{{Fiji-sport-stub}}
{{national-hoops-team-stub}}

[[it:Nazionale di pallacanestro di Figi]]

Agenzia Fides

2011-06-16T14:56:59Z

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[[Image:Logo_Agenzia_Fides.gif‎|thumb|right|Agenzia Fides Logo]]
'''Agenzia Fides''' is the [[news agency]] of the [[Holy See|Vatican]]. It is based in the ''Palazzo de Propaganda Fide'' in [[Vatican City]]. It is part of the [[Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples]]. It was formed on June 5, 1927 as the first missionary news agency of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and was approved by [[Pope Pius XI]]. Current director is prof. Luca de Mata.

Agenzia Fides started to issue editions in English, French and Polish (latter for a short period) followed by those in Italian (1929), Spanish (1930), German (1932), Chinese (1998), Portuguese (2002) and Arabic (2008). Since 1998 Fides Service went online with up to five reports daily from non-European events. Its homepage consists of information about statistics and [[missionaries]] killed as [[Christian martyrs|martyrs]].

The image archive of the agency includes about 10,000 photographs<ref>[http://www.fides.org/galleria/ Image archive]</ref> documenting the history of Catholic missions from the years 1930 to 1990.

== References ==
<references/>
==External links==
* [http://www.fides.org/index.php?lan=eng Agenzia Fides website]

{{RC-stub}}

[[Category:News agencies]]

[[de:Fidesdienst]]
[[es:Agenzia Fides]]
[[it:Agenzia Fides]]
[[pt:Agência Fides]]
[[ru:Agenzia Fides]]

Frank Selee

2011-06-16T14:55:06Z

Boxplot: /* Post-career */

{{Infobox MLB player
|name=Frank Selee
|image=Frank_Selee_Baseball.jpg
|width=
|position=[[Manager (baseball)|Manager]]
|bats=Unknown
|throws=Unknown
|birth_date={{birth date|1859|10|26}}
|birth_place=[[Amherst, New Hampshire]]
|death_date={{death date and age|1909|7|5|1859|10|26}}
|death_place=[[Denver, Colorado]]
|debutdate=April 19
|debutyear={{mlby|1890}}
|debutteam=[[Atlanta Braves|Boston Beaneaters]]
|finaldate=June 27
|finalyear={{mlby|1905}}
|finalteam=[[Chicago Cubs]]
|stat1label=[[Game]]s
|stat1value=2180
|stat2label=[[Win (baseball)|Win Loss-Record]]
|stat2value=1284 – 862
|stat3label=[[Winning percentage|Winning %]]
|stat3value=.598
|teams=<nowiki></nowiki>
*[[Atlanta Braves|Boston Beaneaters]] ({{mlby|1890}}–{{mlby|1901}})
*[[Chicago Cubs|Chicago Orphans/Cubs]] ({{mlby|1902}}–{{mlby|1905}})
|highlights=<nowiki></nowiki>
*Manager of five [[National League]] championship teams.
|hofdate={{by|1999}}
|hofmethod=Veteran's Committee
}}
'''Frank Gibson Selee''' (October 26, 1859 – July 5, 1909) was an [[United States|American]] [[Major League Baseball]] [[manager (baseball)|manager]] in the [[National League]] (NL). In his 16 year Major League career, he managed the [[Atlanta Braves|Boston Beaneaters (Atlanta Braves)]] for 12 seasons, and the [[Chicago Cubs|Chicago Orphans (Cubs)]] for four.

He was noted for his ability to assess and utilize talent, which gave his teams a great opportunity to be successful. His success is measurable in that he won five NL titles with the Beaneaters, including three year in a row from 1891 to 1893. After he left Boston, he went on to manage in Chicago where built the basis for the Cubs' later success by signing and utilizing the talents of [[Frank Chance]], [[Joe Tinker]], and [[Johnny Evers]]. He was elected to the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum|Baseball Hall of Fame]] in 1999 for his managerial achievements.

==Career==
Selee was born in [[Amherst, New Hampshire]].<ref name="retrosheet">{{cite web|url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/S/Pselef801.htm|title=Frank Selee's career statistics|publisher=retrosheet.org|accessdate=2008-12-17}}</ref> He has been described as a "balding little man with a modest demeanor and a formidable mustache that gave his face a melancholy cast",<ref name="library">{{cite web|url=http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Frank_Selee_1859|title=The Ballplayers: Frank Selee |publisher=baseballlibrary.com|accessdate=2008-12-17}}</ref> and shy and reticent in public. He left a factory job in [[Waltham, Massachusetts]] in 1884 to form a [[minor league baseball|minor league]] team. His was success in the minors, which led his eventual move to the Major Leagues in 1890.

Noted for having a keen ability to assess talent,<ref name="obit">{{cite web|url=http://www.thedeadballera.com/Obits/Selee.Frank.Obit.html|title=Frank Selee's Obituary|date=July 6, 1909|publisher=The New York Times, Tuesday |accessdate=2008-12-17}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Selee managed the [[Atlanta Braves|Boston Beaneaters]] (1890–1901) and the [[Chicago Cubs]] (1902–1905). His Beaneaters captured five NL pennants during his tenure (1891–93, 1897–98). His 1892 team, aided by the first 150-game schedule in history, became the first team to win 100 games in a season.

With the Cubs, he created the famous [[Joe Tinker|Tinker]] to [[Johnny Evers|Evers]] to [[Frank Chance|Chance]] infield combination, by converting Frank Chance from [[catcher]] to [[first baseman|first base]], Joe Tinker from [[third baseman|third base]] to [[shortstop]], and Johnny Evers from shortstop to [[second baseman|second base]].<ref name=library/> In all, twelve of his players went on be inducted into the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum|Baseball Hall of Fame]].<ref name=library/>

In June, 1905, he became too ill to manage and surrendered his team to Chance, who went on lead the Cubs to four National League titles and two [[World Series]] victories.<ref name="chancemanager">{{cite web|url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/chancfr01.shtml|title=Frank Chance's managerial statistics|publisher=baseball-reference.com|accessdate=2008-12-17}}</ref> The last Cubs' title under Chance in 1910,<ref name=chancemanager/> eight of top thirteen players from the 1905 team were still major contributors.<ref name=library/> In total, he had 1,284 victories in 2,180 games as manager during his 16 year career, with a winning percentage of .598.<ref name=retrosheet/>

==Post-career==
Selee died of [[tuberculosis|consumption]] (tuberculosis) at the age of 49 in [[Denver, Colorado]],<ref name=obit/> and was interred at Wyoming Cemetery in [[Melrose, Massachusetts]].<ref name=retrosheet/> In 1999, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the [[Veterans Committee]] for his achievements as a manager.<ref name="halloffame">{{cite web|url=http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/hofers/detail.jsp?playerId=492582|title=Frank Selee's Biography|publisher=baseballhalloffame.org|accessdate=2008-12-17}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> He is one of only two people from [[New Hampshire]] to inducted into the Hall of Fame.<ref name="nhhistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.nhhistory.org/baseballquiz/baseball15.html|title=New Hampshire Historical Society|publisher=nhhistory.org|accessdate=2008-12-17}}</ref> The other was [[Carlton Fisk]], who was enshrined in 2000.<ref name="fiskref">{{cite web|url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/f/fiskca01.shtml|title=Carlton Fisk's career statistics|publisher=baseball-reference.com|accessdate=2008-12-17}}</ref>

==Cultural references==
An animated representation of Selee appeared, as a speaking role, by name, in the 1991 episode "Batter Up" in [[Back to the Future: The Animated Series]], which involved [[Marty McFly|Marty]] and the Brown children traveling back to 1891 to help one of Marty's ancestors, a player for the Beaneaters, to improve his game.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Biography}}
*{{bbhof|selee-frank}}
*[http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/seleefr99.shtml Baseball-Reference.com] - managerial statistics and analysis
*[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/hofers/detail.jsp?playerId=492582 Baseball Hall of Fame biography]
*{{Find a Grave|4954}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box | title=[[Atlanta Braves/Managers and ownership|Boston Beaneaters Managers]] | before=[[Jim Hart (baseball)|Jim Hart]] | years=1890-1901| after= [[Al Buckenberger]]
}}
{{succession box | title=[[Chicago Cubs/Managers and ownership|Chicago Orphans/Cubs Manager]] | before=[[Tom Loftus]] | years=1902-1905| after= [[Frank Chance]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{1891 Boston Beaneaters}}
{{1892 Boston Beaneaters}}
{{1893 Boston Beaneaters}}
{{1897 Boston Beaneaters}}
{{1898 Boston Beaneaters}}
{{Atlanta Braves managers|width=100}}
{{Chicago Cubs managers|width=100}}
{{1999 Baseball HOF}}
{{Baseball Hall of Fame managers}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Selee, Frank
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1859-10-26
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Amherst, New Hampshire
| DATE OF DEATH = 1909-07-05
| PLACE OF DEATH = Denver, Colorado
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Selee, Frank}}
[[Category:1859 births]]
[[Category:1909 deaths]]
[[Category:National Baseball Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Baseball managers]]
[[Category:Boston Beaneaters managers]]
[[Category:Chicago Orphans managers]]
[[Category:Chicago Cubs managers]]
[[Category:Deaths from tuberculosis]]

[[ja:フランク・セレー]]

Women in Thailand

2011-06-16T14:53:38Z

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[[File:Thai nurse in Na Wa Public Hospital.jpg|thumb|right|250x250px|A female nurse in Thailand]]
[[File:Huay Kaew waterfall grill.jpg|220x220px|thumb|right|A female vendor in Thailand]]

'''Women in Thailand''' were among the first women in [[Asia]] who were granted the [[right to vote]] in 1932. However, they are still underrepresented in [[Politics of Thailand|Thai politics]].<ref name=TDRI/><ref name=Iwanaga/> The roles of women in Thailand's national development has not yet been fully established. Factors that affect women's participation in the socio-economic field include "inadequate gender awareness in the policy and planning process" and social stereotyping.<ref name=GS/>

==Politics==
Despite of the absence of legal limitations to women participating in the politic arena of Thailand, the factors that impeded the rise of women in political activities include structural barriers, cultural impediments, lower educational attainments, lower socio-economic status,<ref name=GS>[http://web.nso.go.th/eng/en/stat/gender/gender00.htm Key Figures], Gender Statistics, Social Statistics Division, National Statistical Office, Bangkok.</ref><ref name=OWIP>[http://www.onlinewomeninpolitics.org/womensit/thai.pdf Women's rights situation in Thailand]</ref> and power-sharing issues with the opposite sex.<ref name=GS/> It was only on June 5, 1949 that [[Orapin Chaiyakan]] became the first Thai woman to be elected to hold a post in the [[House of Representatives of Thailand|House of Representatives]]<ref name=TDRI>Sopchokchai, Orapin. [http://www.tdri.or.th/library/quarterly/text/d98_2.htm Female Members of Parliament, Women's Political Participation at the National Level], Women's Political Participation in Thailand, TDRI Quarterly Review, Vol. 13, No. 4, December 1998, pp. 11-20</ref> of the [[National Assembly of Thailand|National Assembly of the Kingdom of Thailand]].<ref name=Iwanaga>Iwanaga, Kazuki. [http://www.lu.se/images/Syd_och_sydostasienstudier/working_papers/Iwanaga.pdf Women in Politics in Thailand], Working Paper No. 14, Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University, Sweden, 2005</ref>

==Business==
In the realm of entrepreneurship, Thailand’s female population comprised 47% of the country’s workforce, which makes up the highest percentage of working women in the region of the Asia-Pacific. However, these women are also confronted by hiring discrimination and gender inequality in relation to wages because of being "concentrated in lower-paying jobs".<ref name=GS/><ref name=OWIP/>
In relation to women’s welfare, somen women of Thailand are prone to becoming victims of spousal or marital rape, human trafficking, prostitution, and other forms of domestic abuse and sex crimes.<ref name=GS/><ref name=OWIP/>

==Marriage==
According to the [[National Statistical Office of Thailand]], female Thailanders marry at an earlier age than male Thailanders, and that 24% of Thai households have women identified as "heads of households".<ref name=GS/> In 2007, [[The New York Times]] reported that after the [[Vietnam War]], Thailand became the main "rest and recreation" and "[[sex tourism]]" destination of male foreigners, resulting to some marriage arrangements with Thai women. Among those who establish such marriage arrangements are men from [[Europe]] and the [[United States]] seeking companionship and economic relief particularly during retirement age. The Thai women, on the other hand, enter into the marriage arrangements in order to redeem themselves from their former life as prostitutes, from abandonment by former partners, and as an escape from "poverty and unhappiness". But not all Thai women who entered into this type of marriage were former prostitutes.<ref name=NYT>Bernstein, Richard. [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/12/world/asia/12iht-letter.1.7087394.html Variations on a theme: Thai women and foreign husbands], Letter from Thailand, Asia-Pacific, The New York Times, August 12, 2007</ref>

==See also==
*[[Thai people]]
*[[Sex trafficking of women and children in Thailand]]
*[[Thailand women's national handball team]]
*[[Thailand women's national rugby union team]]
*[[Thailand women's national football team]]
*[[Thailand national women's cricket team]]
*[[Thailand women's national volleyball team]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further readings==
*Macan-Markar, Marwaan. [http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=31161 Battered Women, No Longer Alone], Rights-Thailand, ipsnews.net, November 24, 2005
*Praparnun, Yada [http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:vb6dCsvAZMQJ:https://editorialexpress.com/cgi-bin/conference/download.cgi%3Fdb_name%3DIAFFE2009%26paper_id%3D101+first+thai+woman+in+parliament+in+1949&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiBfyDrHFn-ciNCQUMyC7SjdGw7nWmqQ_yZDdzUSLLDZVShSXfRi4sBvuArqGgs8Y8Ds84x4yYu3ua5NIO9QTqfv5tremIaajseNkU7MOG8rggxp_UX2rPc86j1mo95ltJCDim2&sig=AHIEtbRzeaRe3jvitw1_0wWIAvepVEJBUQ Gender Sensitivity & Accountability in Thai Government Policy Formulation, Implementation & Evaluation from an Historical Perspective], Paper for presentation at the IAFFE 2009 conference in Boston, USA

==External links==
*[http://www.distel.ca/womlist/countries/thailand.html Women's Organisations Thailand]

{{Asia topic|Women in}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Women In Thailand}}

[[Category:Thai people]]
[[Category:History of Thailand]]

[[th:สตรีในประเทศไทย]]