Diffractive optically variable image device - Revision history

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2024-11-13T23:07:40Z

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	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in 1995.<ref>{{cite conference \|title=Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices \|last1=Lancaster \|first1=Ian \|year=1995 \|location=Lisbon \|conference=Intergraf International Security Printers Conference \|id=}}</ref> He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in 1995.<ref>{{cite conference \|title=Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices \|last1=Lancaster \|first1=Ian \|year=1995 \|location=Lisbon \|conference=Intergraf International Security Printers Conference \|id=}}</ref> He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.

			==Device==
	DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and ~~Kinegrams~~.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and [[Kinebar\|Kinegram]]s.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[~~Hot~~ stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[~~Composite~~ material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[~~Heat~~ sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

	== Specific types of DOVIDs ==		== Specific types of DOVIDs ==
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	== References ==		== References ==
	<!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. -->
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

Srleffler: Move reference into a footnote

2024-05-27T16:42:01Z

Move reference into a footnote

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:42, 27 May 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a ~~paper~~ ~~titled "~~Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at ~~the~~ 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference ~~in Lisbon, Portugal.~~ He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in 1995.<ref>{{cite conference \|title=Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices \|last1=Lancaster \|first1=Ian \|year=1995 \|location=Lisbon \|conference=Intergraf International Security Printers Conference \|id=}}</ref> He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.

	DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

IMichaelL: Added an explanation of Lancaster's reason for coining "DOVID".

2024-05-27T12:24:21Z

Added an explanation of Lancaster's reason for coining "DOVID".

← Previous revision		Revision as of 12:24, 27 May 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.

			DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

IMichaelL: I added the source of the acronym coinage.

2024-04-24T13:58:41Z

I added the source of the acronym coinage.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:58, 24 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

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	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

	== Composition of DOVIDs ==
	[[File:DOVID_Foil_Layers.jpg\|thumb\|264x264px\|Schematic depiction of foil layers of DOVIDs from [[Leonhard Kurz#Security technology for banknotes\|OVD Kinegram AG]].]]
	In most cases DOVIDs are produced as a foil element in roll-to-roll mass production.{{cn\|date=September 2022}} Exceptions are DOVIDs which are directly embossed into a product. One example is the [[Kinebar]], where a DOVID is embossed into the surface of a [[gold bar]]. DOVIDs are produced as a multi-layer foil system which is prepared on a [[polyester]] carrier either as a laminating foil or a transfer foil. In the transfer foil, the polyester carrier is removed after transfer of the layers composing the DOVID to the target substrate, whereas in the laminating foil, the polyester carrier remains on the target substrate. The build-up of the foil usually constitutes a separation layer for releasing the polyester carrier during transfer.

	Other layers of the build-up are protective layer, replicate layer, reflection layer (metal or transparent high-refractive index material) and adhesive layer. Except for the reflection layer all other layers are made of polymeric material. The structures, which generate optically variable effects, are replicated as a microrelief in a roll-to-roll step in the replicate layer, either by hot- or by UV-replication.

	The reflection layer is needed due since the replicated structures are embedded in polymeric material with nearly identical optical properties. In most cases aluminum or a high-refractive index material (HRI) such as [[titanium dioxide]] (TiO<sub>2</sub>) or [[zinc sulfide]] (ZnS) is used for this layer.

	== Specific types of DOVIDs ==		== Specific types of DOVIDs ==

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

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	For paper-based identity documents (visas and passports), DOVIDs are either incorporated prior to personalization in the same manner as for banknotes (visas) or, as a full-face laminate after personalization (passport data pages). For incorporation of DOVIDs prior to personalization, a security print is usually applied over portions of the DOVID to integrate it into the document (layered security).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Passports\|url=https://www.kinegram.com/en/passports\|access-date=2021-05-05\|website=www.kinegram.com\|language=en}}</ref>		For paper-based identity documents (visas and passports), DOVIDs are either incorporated prior to personalization in the same manner as for banknotes (visas) or, as a full-face laminate after personalization (passport data pages). For incorporation of DOVIDs prior to personalization, a security print is usually applied over portions of the DOVID to integrate it into the document (layered security).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Passports\|url=https://www.kinegram.com/en/passports\|access-date=2021-05-05\|website=www.kinegram.com\|language=en}}</ref>

	For plastic-based (e.g., polycarbonate, Teslin, and composites) identity documents (identity cards, driver licenses and passport data pages), DOVIDS are often embedded within the card body during card layer collation and lamination process. This adds durability and increases security while enabling complex interaction with security features on other layers of the card (layered security). In rare cases, DOVIDs are applied on the plastic surface similar to paper-based documents.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=ID and DL Cards\|url=https://www.kinegram.com/en/protecting-identities-dovid/id-and-dl-cards/\|access-date=2021-05-05\|website=www.kinegram.com\|language=en}}</ref>		For plastic-based (e.g., polycarbonate, Teslin, and composites) identity documents (identity cards, driver licenses and passport data pages), DOVIDS are often embedded within the card body during card layer collation and lamination process. This adds durability and increases security while enabling complex interaction with security features on other layers of the card (layered security). In rare cases, DOVIDs are applied on the plastic surface similar to paper-based documents.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=ID and DL Cards\|url=https://www.kinegram.com/en/protecting-identities-dovid/id-and-dl-cards/\|access-date=2021-05-05\|website=www.kinegram.com\|language=en\|archive-date=2021-12-01\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201113403/https://www.kinegram.com/en/protecting-identities-dovid/id-and-dl-cards/\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

Citation bot: Removed parameters. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | #UCB_CommandLine

2023-08-27T16:52:40Z

Removed parameters. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | #UCB_CommandLine

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:52, 27 August 2023
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	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short~~\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics~~\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

Citation bot: Alter: title, template type. Add: chapter-url, chapter. Removed or converted URL. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Headbomb | Linked from Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Journals_cited_by_Wikipedia/Sandbox3 | #UCB_webform_linked 453/1947

2023-08-24T05:09:05Z

Alter: title, template type. Add: chapter-url, chapter. Removed or converted URL. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Headbomb | Linked from Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Journals_cited_by_Wikipedia/Sandbox3 | #UCB_webform_linked 453/1947

← Previous revision		Revision as of 05:09, 24 August 2023
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	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite ~~journal~~\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|~~editor-first1~~=~~Manuel~~ F ~~\|editor-last1=Costa~~ \|~~date=2011-07-26\|title~~=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

Citation bot: Alter: title, template type. Add: chapter-url, chapter. Removed or converted URL. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | #UCB_CommandLine

2023-07-21T23:30:39Z

Alter: title, template type. Add: chapter-url, chapter. Removed or converted URL. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | #UCB_CommandLine

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:30, 21 July 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite ~~journal~~\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|~~date~~=~~September~~ 2015\|~~title~~=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor\|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439~~\|journal=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)~~\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|title=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|title=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

Citation bot: Add: bibcode. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Spinixster | Category:Wikipedia articles with paid content | #UCB_Category 254/258

2023-05-31T17:24:21Z

Add: bibcode. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Spinixster | Category:Wikipedia articles with paid content | #UCB_Category 254/258

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:24, 31 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|date=September 2015\|title=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor\|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|journal=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|title=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|date=September 2015\|title=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor\|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|journal=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|title=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:42, 27 May 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a ~~paper~~ ~~titled "~~Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at ~~the~~ 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference ~~in Lisbon, Portugal.~~ He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in 1995.<ref>{{cite conference \|title=Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices \|last1=Lancaster \|first1=Ian \|year=1995 \|location=Lisbon \|conference=Intergraf International Security Printers Conference \|id=}}</ref> He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.

	DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 12:24, 27 May 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. He pointed out that the security print industry was wary of holograms and similar diffractive devices because they were used as decorative, promotional and toy items, proposing the use of DOVID as a means to differentiate security diffractive optical devices from these other uses.

			DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:58, 24 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. The acronym was coined by Ian Lancaster of Reconnaissance International in a paper titled "Diffractive Optically Variable Image Devices" at the 1995 Intergraf International Security Printers Conference in Lisbon, Portugal. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:52, 27 August 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short~~\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics~~\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 05:09, 24 August 2023
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	{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}		{{Short description\|Security feature based on visual effects}}
	{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}		{{Paid contributions\|date=June 2021}}
	A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite ~~journal~~\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|~~editor-first1~~=~~Manuel~~ F ~~\|editor-last1=Costa~~ \|~~date=2011-07-26\|title~~=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security\|url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>		A '''diffractive optically variable image device''' ('''DOVID''') is a type of [[optical variable device]]; a security feature based on visual effects created by [[diffraction]]. DOVIDs are incorporated in government-issued documents of value ([[banknote]]s, [[passport]]s, [[Travel visa\|visa]]s, identification credentials and [[Driver's license\|driver licenses]]) to increase their counterfeit resistance.<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Stole\|first1=Svorad\|last2=Soukup\|first2=Daniel\|last3=Huber-Mörk\|first3=Reinhold\|title=2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) \|chapter=Invariant characterization of DOVID security features using a photometric descriptor \|date=September 2015\|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7351439\|pages=3422–3426\|doi=10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351439\|isbn=978-1-4799-8339-1 \|s2cid=12289666 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Document Security Alliance (DSA)\|url=https://www.documentsecurityalliance.org/\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170427/http://documentsecurityalliance.org/ \|archive-date=2011-06-29 }}</ref> [[Brand protection]] is another application of DOVIDs. DOVIDs contain micro- or nanostructures in the form of diffractive gratings. Due to these structures, they exhibit optically variable effects such as dynamic chromatic, holographic, and kinematic effects, two- or three-dimensional images or color-changing effects, which ideally are easily recognized, but are difficult to reproduce. Well known examples of DOVIDs are [[hologram]]s such as [[Two-dimensional space\|2D]] or [[Three-dimensional space\|3D]] or 2D/3D holograms based on mask illumination, dot matrix or [[e-beam]] origination technology and Kinegrams.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Council of the European Union – PRADO – Public Register of Authentic Identity and Travel Documents\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924223158/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/CAN-HO-02002/index.html \|archive-date=2016-09-24 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=van Renesse\|first=R. L.\|title=Optical Document Security\|publisher=Artech House\|year=2005\|location=Boston, London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Cabral\|first1=Alexandre\|last2=Rebordão\|first2=José M.\|title=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics \|chapter=Diffractive optical variable image devices generated by maskless interferometric lithography for optical security \|editor-first1=Manuel F \|editor-last1=Costa \|date=2011-07-26\|chapter-url=https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/8001/800121/Diffractive-optical-variable-image-devices-generated-by-maskless-interferometric-lithography/10.1117/12.890750.short\|journal=International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics\|publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics\|volume=8001\|pages=800121\|doi=10.1117/12.890750\|bibcode=2011SPIE.8001E..21C \|s2cid=108645721 }}</ref>

	A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>		A DOVID can also contain elements which are invisible to the unaided human eye such as [[Microprinting\|microprint]], kinetic microtext, or a variable laser-readable micro-image that is invisible when magnified under white light. DOVID structures can be incorporated in a foil: which is then [[Hot stamping\|hot stamped]] on a paper document (e.g., banknote, visa), incorporated within the structure of a [[polycarbonate]] or [[Composite material\|composite]] card (e.g., passport, driver licenses) before personalization or integrated in a laminate that is [[Heat sealer\|heat sealed]] to the surface of a card after personalization (e.g., driver licenses, identity cards).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Technical terms related to security features and to security documents in general\|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf#nameddest=115\|url-status=live\|access-date=2021-05-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002451/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-glossary/prado-glossary.pdf \|archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>