Dynamic design analysis method - Revision history

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	== Reporting formats ==		== Reporting formats ==

	The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>		The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the ''Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

Cornmazes at 04:18, 4 September 2023

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			{{Short description\|US Navy-developed analytical procedure}}
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	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

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← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:33, 23 October 2022
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	== Background and rationale ==		== Background and rationale ==

	All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date~~= \|work~~= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>		All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>

	== Analysis methodology ==		== Analysis methodology ==

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	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

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	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software ~~\|date=~~ \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|~~deadurl~~=~~yes~~ \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 ~~\|df=~~ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

Michael Hardy at 22:20, 9 October 2017

2017-10-09T22:20:11Z

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	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board ~~Naval~~ ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

	The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].		The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

Michael Hardy: Michael Hardy moved page Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy) to Dynamic design analysis method: There does not appear to be an occasion for disambiguation.

2017-10-09T22:15:24Z

Michael Hardy moved page Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy) to Dynamic design analysis method: There does not appear to be an occasion for disambiguation.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 22:15, 9 October 2017
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			{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	#REDIRECT [[Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)]] {{R from other capitalisation}}
			[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

			The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

			== Background and rationale ==

			All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>

			== Analysis methodology ==

			The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.

			Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

			A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
			http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
			After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

			== Reporting formats ==

			The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>

			== References ==

			{{reflist\|2}}

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Finite Element Method}}
			[[Category:Continuum mechanics]]
			[[Category:Nuclear technology]]
			[[Category:Explosions]]
			[[Category:Finite element method]]
			[[Category:Numerical differential equations]]
			[[Category:Partial differential equations]]
			[[Category:Structural analysis]]

Xqbot: Bot: Fixing double redirect to Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)

2017-10-08T04:15:05Z

Bot: Fixing double redirect to Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:15, 8 October 2017
Line 1:		Line 1:
			#REDIRECT [[Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)]] {{R from other capitalisation}}
	{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

	The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

	== Background and rationale ==

	All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>

	== Analysis methodology ==

	The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.

	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

	== Reporting formats ==

	The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>

	== References ==

	{{reflist\|2}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Finite Element Method}}
	[[Category:Continuum mechanics]]
	[[Category:Nuclear technology]]
	[[Category:Explosions]]
	[[Category:Finite element method]]
	[[Category:Numerical differential equations]]
	[[Category:Partial differential equations]]
	[[Category:Structural analysis]]

Tony1: Script-assisted fixes: per MOS:NUM, MOS:CAPS, MOS:LINK

2017-10-08T04:10:43Z

Script-assisted fixes: per MOS:NUM, MOS:CAPS, MOS:LINK

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:10, 8 October 2017
Line 1:		Line 1:
			{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

	The '''~~Dynamic~~ ~~Design~~ ~~Analysis~~ ~~Method~~ (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].		The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

	== Background and rationale ==		== Background and rationale ==

	All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[~~torpedoe~~]]s. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization - Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>		All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>

	== Analysis methodology ==		== Analysis methodology ==
Line 11:		Line 12:
	The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.		The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.

	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=~~2013-01-~~30 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=12 March 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

	== Reporting formats ==		== Reporting formats ==

	The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=26 ~~Sep~~ 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=26 ~~Sep~~ 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=28 ~~Jul~~ 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>		The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

Tony1: Tony1 moved page Dynamic Design Analysis Method to Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)

2017-10-08T04:09:35Z

Tony1 moved page Dynamic Design Analysis Method to Dynamic design analysis method (US Navy)

← Previous revision	Revision as of 04:09, 8 October 2017
(No difference)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:18, 4 September 2023
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			{{Short description\|US Navy-developed analytical procedure}}
	{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}		{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

← Previous revision		Revision as of 22:39, 30 December 2021
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	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:09, 28 September 2019
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	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software ~~\|date=~~ \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|~~deadurl~~=~~yes~~ \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 ~~\|df=~~ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

← Previous revision		Revision as of 22:20, 9 October 2017
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	{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}		{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board ~~Naval~~ ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

	The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].		The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

← Previous revision		Revision as of 04:10, 8 October 2017
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			{{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2017}}
	[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]		[[File:Underwater Explosion with a Blue Water Navy Ship.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|All mission-essential equipment on board Naval ships and submarines must be qualified for shock loads caused by underwater explosions.]]

	The '''~~Dynamic~~ ~~Design~~ ~~Analysis~~ ~~Method~~ (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].		The '''dynamic design analysis method (DDAM)''' is a [[US Navy]]-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to [[structural load\|dynamic loading]] caused by [[underwater explosion]]s (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectrum analysis]] that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard [[Naval architecture\|naval engineering]] procedure for shipboard [[structural dynamics]].

	== Background and rationale ==		== Background and rationale ==

	All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[~~torpedoe~~]]s. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization - Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>		All mission-essential equipment on board military surface ships and submarines must be qualified for underwater shock loads caused by [[depth charge]]s, [[naval mine]]s, missiles, and [[torpedo]]es. An [[underwater explosion]] nearby a ship or submarine can be devastating to the combat readiness of the vessel. Damage may occur in the form of dished hull plating or even more serious holing of the hull. Moreover, some damage may not be obvious and can occur as a result of shock-wave loading of equipment and systems aboard the vessel. Equipment damage may incapacitate a vessel. Much research effort has been expended in the study of underwater shock, especially during the period after World War II where it became obvious that navy vessels could be disabled by a non-contact underwater explosion.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/wuc94/p03194.pdf \|title=Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM) Using MSC/NASTRAN \|last1=Barber \|first1=Pam \|last2=Arden \|first2=Kevin \|date= \|work= \|publisher=Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, VA \|accessdate=June 28, 2012}}</ref> Thus a concerted effort was made to try to make shipboard equipment more resistant to shock. This was achieved through laboratory shock testing of equipment prior to its installation aboard vessels. With the advances in [[computer simulation]] and modeling capabilities, it is now possible to simulate a vessel's response to an [[underwater explosion]] and to identify potential problems or failures without extensive field testing. By using DDAM analytical techniques, money and time are saved.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/DSTO-GD-0109_42397/ \|title=''DSTO-GD-0109, The Response of Surface Ships to Underwater Explosions'' \|publisher=Defense Science and Technology Organization – Commonwealth of Australia \|date=September 1996 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>

	== Analysis methodology ==		== Analysis methodology ==
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	The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.		The DDAM simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure as the free motion of a naval vessel in water produces a higher shock spectrum than a heavy structure would when mounted to a terrestrial surface. The DDAM takes interaction into account in relation to the mass of the equipment, its mounting location, and the orientation of the equipment on the vessel.

	Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.		Engineers use [[finite element method]] analysis software to verify designs using DDAM computer simulations that model the known characteristics of underwater explosion phenomena as well as the surface ship or submarine body responses to shock loading and application of a [[shock response spectrum\|shock spectra]] in order to apply the appropriate shock responses at the mountings of shipboard equipment (e.g., masts, propulsion shafts, rudders, rudderstocks, bearings, exhaust uptakes and other critical structures) due to underwater explosions.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/TECH-RPT_SUPSHIP_280-2_42396/ \|title=''SUPSHIP 280-2, Guide for Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Shock Analysis of Rudders, Rudder Stocks, and Bearings'' \|publisher=Supervisor of Shipbuilding, U.S. Navy \|date=December 1970 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> The analytical process is described in ''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010, Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NAVSEA_0908-LP-000-3010_REV-1_42398/ \|title=''NAVSEA 0908-LP-000-3010 (Revision 1), Shock Design Criteria for Surface Ships'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 1995 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> which provides technical criteria for shock design calculations, and provides general background and educational material concerning application of the DDAM.

	A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=~~2013-01-~~30 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=		A number of commercially available computer modeling and simulation programs are available to assist in this task.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|title=''Nastran Finite Element Analysis and Simulation Software'' \|publisher=NEi Software \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-28 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130130074832/http://www.nenastran.com/fea/ddam.php \|archivedate=January 30, 2013 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=
	http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>		http://download.autodesk.com/us/algor/userguides/mergedProjects/analysis_types/Linear/Dynamic_Design_Analysis_Method.htm \|title=''Dynamic Design Analysis Method (DDAM)'' \|publisher=Autodesk, Inc. \|date= \|accessdate=2012-06-30}}</ref>
	After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=12 March 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).		After the analyst performs a natural frequency analysis to determine the mode shapes and natural frequencies, the DDAM process then uses an input spectrum of shock design values (i.e., displacements or accelerations) based on data from a series of unclassified [[United States Naval Research Laboratory\|Naval Research Laboratory]] reports (primarily ''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_MEMO_RPT_1396_42392/ \|title=''MR-1396, Design Values for Shock Design of Shipboard Equipment'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=January 1965 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref> and ''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ships''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/USN/NAVY-General/NRL_Report__6267_42394/ \|title=''FR-6267, Background for Mechanical Shock Design of Ship's Systems'' \|publisher=Naval Research Laboratory \|date=March 12, 1975 \|accessdate=2012-06-26}}</ref>). Compliance standards for DDAM simulation and analysis software are maintained by the [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA).

	== Reporting formats ==		== Reporting formats ==

	The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=26 ~~Sep~~ 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=26 ~~Sep~~ 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=28 ~~Jul~~ 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>		The [[Naval Sea Systems Command]] (NAVSEA) established a standardized format to describe the content and formats for publishing results of the DDAM analyses and technical reports. These templates are called [[Data Item Descriptions]] (DID); once these are specified or tailored for a specific contract, they become [[Contract Data Requirements List]] items (CDRLs) that represent the deliverable items of a contract. Exactly which data items are required for delivery depends on the nature of the project. The DIDs for DDAM activities are the Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'', ''Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'', and ''Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81030_42435/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81030, Data Item Description: Analysis Report, Dynamic Shock'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81031_42437/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81031, Data Item Description: Mathematical Model Report, Dynamic Shock Analysis'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=September 26, 1990 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyspec.com/DATA-ITEM-DESC-DIDs/DI-ENVR/DI-ENVR-81279_42436/ \|title=''DI-ENVR-81279, Data Item Description: Dynamic Shock Analysis Extension Request'' \|publisher=Naval Sea Systems Command \|date=July 28, 1992 \|accessdate=2012-06-28}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==