Legislative Council of Hong Kong - Revision history

Bender the Bot: /* Early SAR years */ HTTP to HTTPS for South China Morning Post

2025-10-05T03:35:37Z

Early SAR years: HTTP to HTTPS for South China Morning Post

← Previous revision		Revision as of 03:35, 5 October 2025
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	In 2010, the [[2010 Hong Kong electoral reform\|government's constitutional reform proposal]] became the first and only constitutional move to have been passed by the Legislative Council in the SAR era with the support of the Democratic Party after the Beijing government accepted the modified package as presented by the party, which increased the composition of the Legislative Council from 60 to 70 seats; adding five seats in the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and five new [[District Council (Second)]] functional constituency seats which are nominated by the [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Councillors]] and elected by all registered electorates.<ref name=cheers>Cheung, Gary; Wong, Albert & Fung, Fanny (25 June 2010) "Cheers and jeers for political reform vote", ''South China Morning Post''</ref> The [[2014 Hong Kong electoral reform]] proposal, which suggested the electoral method of the Legislative Council remain unchanged, was vetoed in 2015, after a massive occupation protest demanding universal suffrage — often dubbed the "[[Umbrella Revolution]]" — broke out in 2014.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/18/asia/hong-kong-reform-vote/index.html\|title=Hong Kong legislators reject China-backed reform bill\|publisher=[[CNN]]\|date=19 June 2015\|access-date=19 June 2015\|archive-date=19 March 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319001757/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/18/asia/hong-kong-reform-vote/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>		In 2010, the [[2010 Hong Kong electoral reform\|government's constitutional reform proposal]] became the first and only constitutional move to have been passed by the Legislative Council in the SAR era with the support of the Democratic Party after the Beijing government accepted the modified package as presented by the party, which increased the composition of the Legislative Council from 60 to 70 seats; adding five seats in the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and five new [[District Council (Second)]] functional constituency seats which are nominated by the [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Councillors]] and elected by all registered electorates.<ref name=cheers>Cheung, Gary; Wong, Albert & Fung, Fanny (25 June 2010) "Cheers and jeers for political reform vote", ''South China Morning Post''</ref> The [[2014 Hong Kong electoral reform]] proposal, which suggested the electoral method of the Legislative Council remain unchanged, was vetoed in 2015, after a massive occupation protest demanding universal suffrage — often dubbed the "[[Umbrella Revolution]]" — broke out in 2014.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/18/asia/hong-kong-reform-vote/index.html\|title=Hong Kong legislators reject China-backed reform bill\|publisher=[[CNN]]\|date=19 June 2015\|access-date=19 June 2015\|archive-date=19 March 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319001757/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/18/asia/hong-kong-reform-vote/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	The [[2016 New Territories East by-election]] and [[2016 Hong Kong legislative election\|September general election]] saw the [[localism in Hong Kong\|rise of localist tide]] where a number of pro-independence candidates were elected to the council. In November, in Beijing's fifth interpretation of the Basic Law since the 1997 handover, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) [[Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy\|disqualified]] two pro-independence legislators from assuming public office pursuant to [[Hong Kong Basic Law#Interpretation\|Article 104]].<ref name="BasicLaw2021May" /><ref>{{cite news\|title=BREAKING: Beijing's legislature passes unanimous ruling to interpret Hong Kong's mini-constitution over oath saga\|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/11/07/breaking-beijings-legislature-passes-unanimous-ruling-to-interpret-hong-kongs-mini-constitution-over-oath-saga/\|work=Hong Kong Free Press\|date=7 November 2016}}</ref> Four more pro-democracy and localist legislators were unseated in subsequent court cases.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Hong Kong lawmaker disqualification ruling 'opens huge floodgate', lawyers say\|url=~~http~~://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2102737/hong-kong-lawmaker-disqualification-ruling-opens-huge\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|date=15 July 2017\|archive-date=9 November 2020\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109015100/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2102737/hong-kong-lawmaker-disqualification-ruling-opens-huge\|url-status=live}}</ref> Returning officers also disqualified certain candidates who had advocated for Hong Kong self-determination, with or without option for independence, from running in the following by-elections; the government expressed support for such decisions.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Hong Kong's leader rejects foreign criticism over barring of democracy activist Agnes Chow from legislative by-election\|date=30 January 2018\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|url=~~http~~://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131168/european-union-leads-chorus-disapproval-over-decision-bar\|archive-date=1 April 2018\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401050822/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131168/european-union-leads-chorus-disapproval-over-decision-bar\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Ousted pro-democracy Hong Kong lawmaker Lau Siu-lai barred from Kowloon West Legislative Council by-election\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|date=12 October 2018\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2168359/ousted-pro-democracy-hong-kong-lawmaker-lau-siu-lai-barred\|archive-date=3 August 2020\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803140939/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2168359/ousted-pro-democracy-hong-kong-lawmaker-lau-siu-lai-barred\|url-status=live}}</ref>		The [[2016 New Territories East by-election]] and [[2016 Hong Kong legislative election\|September general election]] saw the [[localism in Hong Kong\|rise of localist tide]] where a number of pro-independence candidates were elected to the council. In November, in Beijing's fifth interpretation of the Basic Law since the 1997 handover, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) [[Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy\|disqualified]] two pro-independence legislators from assuming public office pursuant to [[Hong Kong Basic Law#Interpretation\|Article 104]].<ref name="BasicLaw2021May" /><ref>{{cite news\|title=BREAKING: Beijing's legislature passes unanimous ruling to interpret Hong Kong's mini-constitution over oath saga\|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/11/07/breaking-beijings-legislature-passes-unanimous-ruling-to-interpret-hong-kongs-mini-constitution-over-oath-saga/\|work=Hong Kong Free Press\|date=7 November 2016}}</ref> Four more pro-democracy and localist legislators were unseated in subsequent court cases.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Hong Kong lawmaker disqualification ruling 'opens huge floodgate', lawyers say\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2102737/hong-kong-lawmaker-disqualification-ruling-opens-huge\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|date=15 July 2017\|archive-date=9 November 2020\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109015100/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2102737/hong-kong-lawmaker-disqualification-ruling-opens-huge\|url-status=live}}</ref> Returning officers also disqualified certain candidates who had advocated for Hong Kong self-determination, with or without option for independence, from running in the following by-elections; the government expressed support for such decisions.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Hong Kong's leader rejects foreign criticism over barring of democracy activist Agnes Chow from legislative by-election\|date=30 January 2018\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131168/european-union-leads-chorus-disapproval-over-decision-bar\|archive-date=1 April 2018\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401050822/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131168/european-union-leads-chorus-disapproval-over-decision-bar\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Ousted pro-democracy Hong Kong lawmaker Lau Siu-lai barred from Kowloon West Legislative Council by-election\|newspaper=South China Morning Post\|date=12 October 2018\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2168359/ousted-pro-democracy-hong-kong-lawmaker-lau-siu-lai-barred\|archive-date=3 August 2020\|access-date=12 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803140939/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2168359/ousted-pro-democracy-hong-kong-lawmaker-lau-siu-lai-barred\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	===2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul===		===2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul===

SigillumVert: /* List of government defeats */ Wording. The opposition was not all anti-China.

2025-09-12T20:33:07Z

List of government defeats: Wording. The opposition was not all anti-China.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:33, 12 September 2025
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	==== List of government defeats ====		==== List of government defeats ====
	Since the handover, the pro-~~China~~ bloc has retained the majority of Legislative Council and thus government bills are rarely defeated in the Legislative Council except the following:<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2025-09-10 \|title=同性伴侶登記制度 {{!}} 「等埋發叔」事件致政改方案「甩轆」回歸以來政府草案遭否決極罕見 \|url=https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%B4%E4%BE%B6%E7%99%BB%E8%A8%98%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%EF%BD%9C%E3%80%8C%E7%AD%89%E5%9F%8B%E7%99%BC%E5%8F%94%E3%80%8D%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E8%87%B4%E6%94%BF%E6%94%B9%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%E3%80%8C%E7%94%A9%E8%BD%86%E3%80%8D-%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E4%BB%A5%E4%BE%86%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88%E9%81%AD%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%A5%B5%E7%BD%95%E8%A6%8B%EF%B8%B1yahoo-112552175.html \|access-date=2025-09-11 \|website=Yahoo News \|language=zh-Hant-HK}}</ref>		Since the handover, the pro-Beijing bloc has retained the majority of Legislative Council and thus government bills are rarely defeated in the Legislative Council except the following:<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2025-09-10 \|title=同性伴侶登記制度 {{!}} 「等埋發叔」事件致政改方案「甩轆」回歸以來政府草案遭否決極罕見 \|url=https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%B4%E4%BE%B6%E7%99%BB%E8%A8%98%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%EF%BD%9C%E3%80%8C%E7%AD%89%E5%9F%8B%E7%99%BC%E5%8F%94%E3%80%8D%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E8%87%B4%E6%94%BF%E6%94%B9%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%E3%80%8C%E7%94%A9%E8%BD%86%E3%80%8D-%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E4%BB%A5%E4%BE%86%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88%E9%81%AD%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%A5%B5%E7%BD%95%E8%A6%8B%EF%B8%B1yahoo-112552175.html \|access-date=2025-09-11 \|website=Yahoo News \|language=zh-Hant-HK}}</ref>

	* [[Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill\|'''Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill''']]: the second reading of the bill was defeated 14–71 (with 1 abstain) on 10 September 2025. The 71 pro-Beijing conservative members decided not to support the bill and the government was backed by Executive Council members and New People's Party.		* [[Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill\|'''Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill''']]: the second reading of the bill was defeated 14–71 (with 1 abstain) on 10 September 2025. The 71 pro-Beijing conservative members decided not to support the bill and the government was backed by Executive Council members and New People's Party.

Cypp0847: /* Passage of Bills */

2025-09-11T09:22:11Z

Passage of Bills

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:22, 11 September 2025
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	Traditionally, the President does not vote. However, this convention is not a constitutional requirement.<ref>Michael DeGolyer (24 July 2008). [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=15&art_id=69034&sid=19876711&con_type=3&d_str=20080724&sear_year=2008 "Legco dice loaded from the start"] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207155809/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=15&art_id=69034&sid=19876711&con_type=3&d_str=20080724&sear_year=2008 \|date=7 December 2008 }}. ''The Standard''.</ref>		Traditionally, the President does not vote. However, this convention is not a constitutional requirement.<ref>Michael DeGolyer (24 July 2008). [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=15&art_id=69034&sid=19876711&con_type=3&d_str=20080724&sear_year=2008 "Legco dice loaded from the start"] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207155809/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=15&art_id=69034&sid=19876711&con_type=3&d_str=20080724&sear_year=2008 \|date=7 December 2008 }}. ''The Standard''.</ref>

			==== List of government defeats ====
			Since the handover, the pro-China bloc has retained the majority of Legislative Council and thus government bills are rarely defeated in the Legislative Council except the following:<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2025-09-10 \|title=同性伴侶登記制度 {{!}} 「等埋發叔」事件致政改方案「甩轆」回歸以來政府草案遭否決極罕見 \|url=https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%B4%E4%BE%B6%E7%99%BB%E8%A8%98%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%EF%BD%9C%E3%80%8C%E7%AD%89%E5%9F%8B%E7%99%BC%E5%8F%94%E3%80%8D%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E8%87%B4%E6%94%BF%E6%94%B9%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%E3%80%8C%E7%94%A9%E8%BD%86%E3%80%8D-%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E4%BB%A5%E4%BE%86%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88%E9%81%AD%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%A5%B5%E7%BD%95%E8%A6%8B%EF%B8%B1yahoo-112552175.html \|access-date=2025-09-11 \|website=Yahoo News \|language=zh-Hant-HK}}</ref>

			* [[Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill\|'''Registration of Same-sex Partnerships Bill''']]: the second reading of the bill was defeated 14–71 (with 1 abstain) on 10 September 2025. The 71 pro-Beijing conservative members decided not to support the bill and the government was backed by Executive Council members and New People's Party.
			* Motion Concerning the Amendment to the Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the [[2014–2015 Hong Kong electoral reform\|'''2015 electoral reform''']]): the motion was defeated 8–28 without reaching the two-thirds majority on 18 June 2015.
			* '''Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2014''': the second reading of the bill was defeated 11–40 (with 5 abstain) on 22 October 2014. 20 pro-democratic MPs rejected the bill as too harsh to transgender, while the other 20 pro-Beijing conservatives said the bill is not in line with Hong Kong's traditional values.
			* Motion "The Amendment to the Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive" and "The Amendment to the Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council" (the '''[[2005 Hong Kong electoral reform\|2005 electoral reform]]'''): both motions were defeated 34–24 (with 1 abstain) without reaching the two-thirds majority on 21 December 2005.

	==Elections of the Legislative Council==		==Elections of the Legislative Council==
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	==List of Legislative Council compositions==		==List of Legislative Council compositions==
	[[File:HK LegCo Change Graph.svg~~\|center~~\|thumb\|700px\|Composition of political bloc since [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|1985 election]]:		[[File:HK LegCo Change Graph.svg\|thumb\|700px\|Composition of political bloc since [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|1985 election]]:
	{{legend\|#FF7C80\|[[Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)\|Pro-Beijing camp]]}}		{{legend\|#FF7C80\|[[Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)\|Pro-Beijing camp]]}}
	{{legend\|#66CCFF\|[[Conservatism in Hong Kong\|Conservative camp]] (later merged into Pro-Beijing camp)}}		{{legend\|#66CCFF\|[[Conservatism in Hong Kong\|Conservative camp]] (later merged into Pro-Beijing camp)}}

Kowloonderry: Rescuing 29 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

2025-08-30T15:50:44Z

Rescuing 29 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

Show changes

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

2025-08-15T23:26:40Z

Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:26, 15 August 2025
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	After the [[Sino-British Joint Declaration]] was signed on 19 December 1984 (in which the United Kingdom agreed to the handover of Hong Kong to the [[People's Republic of China]] on 1 July 1997), the Hong Kong government decided to start the process of democratisation based on the consultative document, ''[[Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong]]'' on 18 July 1984.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/procedur/companion/chapter_3/chapter_3.html \|title = A Companion to the history, rules and practices of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Part I: An introduction to the Legislative Council, its history, organisation and procedure - Chapter 3 \|work = Legislative Council Commission }}</ref>		After the [[Sino-British Joint Declaration]] was signed on 19 December 1984 (in which the United Kingdom agreed to the handover of Hong Kong to the [[People's Republic of China]] on 1 July 1997), the Hong Kong government decided to start the process of democratisation based on the consultative document, ''[[Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong]]'' on 18 July 1984.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/procedur/companion/chapter_3/chapter_3.html \|title = A Companion to the history, rules and practices of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Part I: An introduction to the Legislative Council, its history, organisation and procedure - Chapter 3 \|work = Legislative Council Commission }}</ref>

	The first elections to the Council [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|were held in 1985]], followed by the [[1991 Hong Kong legislative election\|first direct elections of the Legislative Council]] held in 1991. The Legislative Council became a [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|fully elected legislature]] for the first time in 1995 and extensively expanded its functions and organisations throughout the last years of the colonial rule.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|title=HISTORY OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL \|website=Legislative Council of Hong Kong }}</ref>		The first elections to the Council [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|were held in 1985]], followed by the [[1991 Hong Kong legislative election\|first direct elections of the Legislative Council]] held in 1991. The Legislative Council became a [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|fully elected legislature]] for the first time in 1995 and extensively expanded its functions and organisations throughout the last years of the colonial rule.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|title=HISTORY OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL \|website=Legislative Council of Hong Kong \|access-date=19 October 2016 \|archive-date=4 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004032926/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	The People's Republic of China government did not agree with [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|reforms to the Legislative Council]] enacted by the last Governor [[Chris Patten]] in 1994. Therefore, it withdrew the previous so-called "through-train" policy that would have allowed for members elected to the colonial Legislative Council automatically becoming members of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) legislature. Instead, the Beijing government resolved to set up an alternative legislative council in preparation for the return of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.		The People's Republic of China government did not agree with [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|reforms to the Legislative Council]] enacted by the last Governor [[Chris Patten]] in 1994. Therefore, it withdrew the previous so-called "through-train" policy that would have allowed for members elected to the colonial Legislative Council automatically becoming members of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) legislature. Instead, the Beijing government resolved to set up an alternative legislative council in preparation for the return of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.
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	==The Legislative Council Building==		==The Legislative Council Building==
	{{Main\|Legislative Council Complex}}		{{Main\|Legislative Council Complex}}
	The first meetings of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, from 1844 to 1846, were likely convened in the residence of Governor Pottinger (later to be the French Mission Building), still standing at Government Hill. From 1848 to 1954 (interrupted by renovation in 1928-9 and the Japanese occupation in 1941–5), it was housed on the upper floor of the Colonial Secretariat Building, Lower Albert Road, replaced in 1957 by the Annex to the Central Government Offices Main Wing, on the same site.<ref name="Heritage Impact Assessment">{{cite web\|title=Heritage Impact Assessment\|work=LWK Conservation Ltd\|url=http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|access-date=11 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031045705/http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|archive-date=31 October 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1985, LegCo moved down to the nearby [[Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong\|Old Supreme Court building]] ({{coord\|22.280996\|N\|114.160116\|E\|region:HK_type:landmark\|display=inline\|format=dms}}) in [[Central and Western District\|Central Hong Kong]] where it remained until November 2011.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|title=The Legislative Council Building\|work=Legislative Council Secretariat}}</ref> It took up residence in its present accommodation at the Legislative Block of the [[Central Government Complex, Tamar]] in December 2011.		The first meetings of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, from 1844 to 1846, were likely convened in the residence of Governor Pottinger (later to be the French Mission Building), still standing at Government Hill. From 1848 to 1954 (interrupted by renovation in 1928-9 and the Japanese occupation in 1941–5), it was housed on the upper floor of the Colonial Secretariat Building, Lower Albert Road, replaced in 1957 by the Annex to the Central Government Offices Main Wing, on the same site.<ref name="Heritage Impact Assessment">{{cite web\|title=Heritage Impact Assessment\|work=LWK Conservation Ltd\|url=http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|access-date=11 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031045705/http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|archive-date=31 October 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1985, LegCo moved down to the nearby [[Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong\|Old Supreme Court building]] ({{coord\|22.280996\|N\|114.160116\|E\|region:HK_type:landmark\|display=inline\|format=dms}}) in [[Central and Western District\|Central Hong Kong]] where it remained until November 2011.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|title=The Legislative Council Building\|work=Legislative Council Secretariat\|access-date=19 October 2016\|archive-date=3 March 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235750/http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|url-status=dead}}</ref> It took up residence in its present accommodation at the Legislative Block of the [[Central Government Complex, Tamar]] in December 2011.

	Unlike many other former and current Commonwealth legislatures, the Hong Kong Legislative Council does not have a [[ceremonial mace]] placed in its chambers. However, the high courts of Hong Kong use a mace to open sessions, and it represents the authority and powers of the court.		Unlike many other former and current Commonwealth legislatures, the Hong Kong Legislative Council does not have a [[ceremonial mace]] placed in its chambers. However, the high courts of Hong Kong use a mace to open sessions, and it represents the authority and powers of the court.
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	{{Main\|Election Committee (constituency)}}		{{Main\|Election Committee (constituency)}}

	The Election Committee constituency was one of the three constituencies designed in the [[Basic Law of Hong Kong]] next to the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and the indirectly elected [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)\|functional constituencies]] for the first and second-term Legislative Council in the early SAR period. With the last [[Governor of Hong Kong\|British Governor]] [[Chris Patten]]'s [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|electoral reform]], the ECC was composed of all elected [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Board]] members who had been [[1994 Hong Kong local elections\|elected in 1994]]. The [[Single Transferable Vote]] system was used in the [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|1995 election]].<ref>[http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf Report on the 1995 Legislative General Election, Boundary and Election Commission]</ref>		The Election Committee constituency was one of the three constituencies designed in the [[Basic Law of Hong Kong]] next to the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and the indirectly elected [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)\|functional constituencies]] for the first and second-term Legislative Council in the early SAR period. With the last [[Governor of Hong Kong\|British Governor]] [[Chris Patten]]'s [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|electoral reform]], the ECC was composed of all elected [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Board]] members who had been [[1994 Hong Kong local elections\|elected in 1994]]. The [[Single Transferable Vote]] system was used in the [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|1995 election]].<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf \|title=Report on the 1995 Legislative General Election, Boundary and Election Commission \|access-date=9 February 2022 \|archive-date=19 October 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019113453/http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	After the [[handover of Hong Kong]], the ECC was allocated 10 seats out of the total 60 seats in the SAR Legislative Council, comprising all members of the [[Election Committee]] which also elected the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong\|Chief Executive]] every five years. The size of the constituency reduced to six seats in 2000 and was entirely abolished and replaced by the directly elected geographical constituency seats in the [[2004 Hong Kong legislative election\|2004 election]]. The [[plurality-at-large voting]] system was used in 1998 and 2000.		After the [[handover of Hong Kong]], the ECC was allocated 10 seats out of the total 60 seats in the SAR Legislative Council, comprising all members of the [[Election Committee]] which also elected the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong\|Chief Executive]] every five years. The size of the constituency reduced to six seats in 2000 and was entirely abolished and replaced by the directly elected geographical constituency seats in the [[2004 Hong Kong legislative election\|2004 election]]. The [[plurality-at-large voting]] system was used in 1998 and 2000.

180.254.73.84 at 16:32, 29 July 2025

2025-07-29T16:32:13Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:32, 29 July 2025
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	{{geoGroup}}		{{geoGroup}}

	The '''Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region''', colloquially known as '''LegCo''', is the [[Unicameralism\|unicameral]] legislature of [[Hong Kong]]. It follows ~~the~~ [[People's Republic of China\|China's]] [[one country, two systems]] constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong's [[hybrid regime\|hybrid representative democracy]], though popular representation in the legislature has diminished in recent years.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2021-02-03\|title=Hong Kong downgraded from 'flawed democracy' to 'hybrid regime' as city drops 12 places in Economist's democracy index\|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2021/02/03/hong-kong-downgraded-from-flawed-democracy-to-hybrid-regime-as-city-drops-12-places-in-economists-democracy-index/\|access-date=2021-09-20\|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2021-05-27 \|title=Hong Kong electoral reform: LegCo passes 'patriots' law \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57236775 \|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref>		The '''Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region''', colloquially known as '''LegCo''', is the [[Unicameralism\|unicameral]] legislature of [[Hong Kong]]. It follows [[People's Republic of China\|China's]] [[one country, two systems]] constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong's [[hybrid regime\|hybrid representative democracy]], though popular representation in the legislature has diminished in recent years.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2021-02-03\|title=Hong Kong downgraded from 'flawed democracy' to 'hybrid regime' as city drops 12 places in Economist's democracy index\|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2021/02/03/hong-kong-downgraded-from-flawed-democracy-to-hybrid-regime-as-city-drops-12-places-in-economists-democracy-index/\|access-date=2021-09-20\|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2021-05-27 \|title=Hong Kong electoral reform: LegCo passes 'patriots' law \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57236775 \|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref>

	The functions of the Legislative Council are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Council also has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the [[Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal]] and the Chief Judge of the [[High Court of Hong Kong\|High Court]], as well as the power to impeach the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong]].<ref name="today">{{cite web\|title=LegCo Today\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm\|work=Legislative Council Commission}}</ref><ref name="Official History" />		The functions of the Legislative Council are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Council also has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the [[Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal]] and the Chief Judge of the [[High Court of Hong Kong\|High Court]], as well as the power to impeach the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong]].<ref name="today">{{cite web\|title=LegCo Today\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm\|work=Legislative Council Commission}}</ref><ref name="Official History" />

180.254.73.84 at 16:31, 29 July 2025

2025-07-29T16:31:31Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:31, 29 July 2025
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	{{geoGroup}}		{{geoGroup}}

	The '''Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region''', colloquially known as '''LegCo''', is the [[Unicameralism\|unicameral]] legislature of [[Hong Kong]]. It ~~sits~~ ~~under~~ [[People's Republic of China\|China's]] "[[one country, two systems]]" constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong's [[hybrid regime\|hybrid representative democracy]], though popular representation in the legislature has diminished ~~significantly~~ in recent years~~, along with its political diversity~~.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2021-02-03\|title=Hong Kong downgraded from 'flawed democracy' to 'hybrid regime' as city drops 12 places in Economist's democracy index\|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2021/02/03/hong-kong-downgraded-from-flawed-democracy-to-hybrid-regime-as-city-drops-12-places-in-economists-democracy-index/\|access-date=2021-09-20\|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2021-05-27 \|title=Hong Kong electoral reform: LegCo passes 'patriots' law \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57236775 \|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref>		The '''Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region''', colloquially known as '''LegCo''', is the [[Unicameralism\|unicameral]] legislature of [[Hong Kong]]. It follows the [[People's Republic of China\|China's]] [[one country, two systems]] constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong's [[hybrid regime\|hybrid representative democracy]], though popular representation in the legislature has diminished in recent years.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2021-02-03\|title=Hong Kong downgraded from 'flawed democracy' to 'hybrid regime' as city drops 12 places in Economist's democracy index\|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2021/02/03/hong-kong-downgraded-from-flawed-democracy-to-hybrid-regime-as-city-drops-12-places-in-economists-democracy-index/\|access-date=2021-09-20\|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP\|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=2021-05-27 \|title=Hong Kong electoral reform: LegCo passes 'patriots' law \|language=en-GB \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57236775 \|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref>

	The functions of the Legislative Council are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Council also has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the [[Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal]] and the Chief Judge of the [[High Court of Hong Kong\|High Court]], as well as the power to impeach the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong]].<ref name="today">{{cite web\|title=LegCo Today\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm\|work=Legislative Council Commission}}</ref><ref name="Official History" />		The functions of the Legislative Council are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Council also has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the [[Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal]] and the Chief Judge of the [[High Court of Hong Kong\|High Court]], as well as the power to impeach the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong]].<ref name="today">{{cite web\|title=LegCo Today\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm\|work=Legislative Council Commission}}</ref><ref name="Official History" />

Willthorpe: /* 2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul */

2025-07-29T13:41:47Z

2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:41, 29 July 2025
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	On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>		On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>

	The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said ~~was negative and that~~ "~~One one hand, that~~ would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>		The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said "would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>

	In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>

Kowloonderry: /* 2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul */ National emblem above the president's chair

2025-07-19T11:31:32Z

2019 crisis and 2021 overhaul: National emblem above the president's chair

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:31, 19 July 2025
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	On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>		On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>

	The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said was negative and that "One one hand, that would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said was negative and that "One one hand, that would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>

	In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>

Kowloonderry: /* Committee system */

2025-07-12T16:19:07Z

Committee system

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:19, 12 July 2025
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	==Committee system==		==Committee system==
	~~In order to~~ perform ~~the important~~ functions of scrutinizing bills, approving public expenditure and monitoring Government's work~~, a committee system is established~~.<ref>{{Cite web \|url = https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm \|title=LegCo Today \|website=Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Administrative Region \|access-date=2018-03-10}}</ref>		Committees perform LegCo's functions of scrutinizing bills, approving public expenditure and monitoring Government's work.<ref>{{Cite web \|url = https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/about_lc.htm \|title=LegCo Today \|website=Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Administrative Region \|access-date=2018-03-10}}</ref> There are several types of committees, with most committees additionally divided into subcommittees. The chairman of each committee is elected by the committee from among its members.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Legislative Council in Brief \|url=https://www.legco.gov.hk/en/education/understand/brief/factsheet16.html#:~:text=Panels%20are%20tasked%20with%20monitoring,issues%20of%20wide%20public%20concern. \|access-date=2025-07-12 \|website=www.legco.gov.hk}}</ref>

	=== Standing Committees ===		=== Standing Committees ===
			There are three standing committees. which have the power to summon any person to give evidence and produce documents.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Committee system \|url=https://www.legco.gov.hk/education/files/pdf/en/Committee-system.pdf \|access-date=13 July 2025 \|website=www.legco.gov.hk}}</ref>
⚫	* House Committee
⚫	** Parliamentary Liaison Subcommittee
	* Finance Committee		* Finance Committee
	** Establishment Subcommittee		** Establishment Subcommittee
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	* Public Accounts Committee<ref>Public Accounts Committee (Hong Kong) https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/pac/pac_1620.htm</ref>		* Public Accounts Committee<ref>Public Accounts Committee (Hong Kong) https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/pac/pac_1620.htm</ref>
	* Committee on Members' Interests		* Committee on Members' Interests

			=== Other committees ===
		⚫	* House Committee
		⚫	** Parliamentary Liaison Subcommittee
	* Committee on Rules of Procedure		* Committee on Rules of Procedure
			* Committee on Access to the Legislature's Documents and Records
			* Investigation committees
			* Bills committees
			* Select committees
			* Panels

	===Panels===		==== Panels ====
			The 18 panels monitor and examine government policy, and provide a forum for lawmakers to deliberate on policy matters. A panel may appoint a subcommittee to study a specific issue and report to the panel.{{Div col\|colwidth=30em}}
	{{Div col\|colwidth=30em}}
	* Panel on Administration of Justice and Legal Services		* Panel on Administration of Justice and Legal Services
	* Panel on Commerce and Industry		* Panel on Commerce and Industry

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:26, 15 August 2025
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	After the [[Sino-British Joint Declaration]] was signed on 19 December 1984 (in which the United Kingdom agreed to the handover of Hong Kong to the [[People's Republic of China]] on 1 July 1997), the Hong Kong government decided to start the process of democratisation based on the consultative document, ''[[Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong]]'' on 18 July 1984.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/procedur/companion/chapter_3/chapter_3.html \|title = A Companion to the history, rules and practices of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Part I: An introduction to the Legislative Council, its history, organisation and procedure - Chapter 3 \|work = Legislative Council Commission }}</ref>		After the [[Sino-British Joint Declaration]] was signed on 19 December 1984 (in which the United Kingdom agreed to the handover of Hong Kong to the [[People's Republic of China]] on 1 July 1997), the Hong Kong government decided to start the process of democratisation based on the consultative document, ''[[Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong]]'' on 18 July 1984.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/procedur/companion/chapter_3/chapter_3.html \|title = A Companion to the history, rules and practices of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Part I: An introduction to the Legislative Council, its history, organisation and procedure - Chapter 3 \|work = Legislative Council Commission }}</ref>

	The first elections to the Council [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|were held in 1985]], followed by the [[1991 Hong Kong legislative election\|first direct elections of the Legislative Council]] held in 1991. The Legislative Council became a [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|fully elected legislature]] for the first time in 1995 and extensively expanded its functions and organisations throughout the last years of the colonial rule.<ref>{{cite web \|url = http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|title=HISTORY OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL \|website=Legislative Council of Hong Kong }}</ref>		The first elections to the Council [[1985 Hong Kong legislative election\|were held in 1985]], followed by the [[1991 Hong Kong legislative election\|first direct elections of the Legislative Council]] held in 1991. The Legislative Council became a [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|fully elected legislature]] for the first time in 1995 and extensively expanded its functions and organisations throughout the last years of the colonial rule.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|title=HISTORY OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL \|website=Legislative Council of Hong Kong \|access-date=19 October 2016 \|archive-date=4 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004032926/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/intro/hist_lc.htm \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	The People's Republic of China government did not agree with [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|reforms to the Legislative Council]] enacted by the last Governor [[Chris Patten]] in 1994. Therefore, it withdrew the previous so-called "through-train" policy that would have allowed for members elected to the colonial Legislative Council automatically becoming members of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) legislature. Instead, the Beijing government resolved to set up an alternative legislative council in preparation for the return of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.		The People's Republic of China government did not agree with [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|reforms to the Legislative Council]] enacted by the last Governor [[Chris Patten]] in 1994. Therefore, it withdrew the previous so-called "through-train" policy that would have allowed for members elected to the colonial Legislative Council automatically becoming members of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) legislature. Instead, the Beijing government resolved to set up an alternative legislative council in preparation for the return of Hong Kong sovereignty from Britain to China.
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	==The Legislative Council Building==		==The Legislative Council Building==
	{{Main\|Legislative Council Complex}}		{{Main\|Legislative Council Complex}}
	The first meetings of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, from 1844 to 1846, were likely convened in the residence of Governor Pottinger (later to be the French Mission Building), still standing at Government Hill. From 1848 to 1954 (interrupted by renovation in 1928-9 and the Japanese occupation in 1941–5), it was housed on the upper floor of the Colonial Secretariat Building, Lower Albert Road, replaced in 1957 by the Annex to the Central Government Offices Main Wing, on the same site.<ref name="Heritage Impact Assessment">{{cite web\|title=Heritage Impact Assessment\|work=LWK Conservation Ltd\|url=http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|access-date=11 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031045705/http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|archive-date=31 October 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1985, LegCo moved down to the nearby [[Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong\|Old Supreme Court building]] ({{coord\|22.280996\|N\|114.160116\|E\|region:HK_type:landmark\|display=inline\|format=dms}}) in [[Central and Western District\|Central Hong Kong]] where it remained until November 2011.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|title=The Legislative Council Building\|work=Legislative Council Secretariat}}</ref> It took up residence in its present accommodation at the Legislative Block of the [[Central Government Complex, Tamar]] in December 2011.		The first meetings of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, from 1844 to 1846, were likely convened in the residence of Governor Pottinger (later to be the French Mission Building), still standing at Government Hill. From 1848 to 1954 (interrupted by renovation in 1928-9 and the Japanese occupation in 1941–5), it was housed on the upper floor of the Colonial Secretariat Building, Lower Albert Road, replaced in 1957 by the Annex to the Central Government Offices Main Wing, on the same site.<ref name="Heritage Impact Assessment">{{cite web\|title=Heritage Impact Assessment\|work=LWK Conservation Ltd\|url=http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|access-date=11 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031045705/http://www.amo.gov.hk/form/159meeting/AAB%2040%202011-12%20%28Annex%20C%29.pdf\|archive-date=31 October 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1985, LegCo moved down to the nearby [[Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong\|Old Supreme Court building]] ({{coord\|22.280996\|N\|114.160116\|E\|region:HK_type:landmark\|display=inline\|format=dms}}) in [[Central and Western District\|Central Hong Kong]] where it remained until November 2011.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|title=The Legislative Council Building\|work=Legislative Council Secretariat\|access-date=19 October 2016\|archive-date=3 March 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235750/http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr02-03/english/sec/library/0203in26e.pdf\|url-status=dead}}</ref> It took up residence in its present accommodation at the Legislative Block of the [[Central Government Complex, Tamar]] in December 2011.

	Unlike many other former and current Commonwealth legislatures, the Hong Kong Legislative Council does not have a [[ceremonial mace]] placed in its chambers. However, the high courts of Hong Kong use a mace to open sessions, and it represents the authority and powers of the court.		Unlike many other former and current Commonwealth legislatures, the Hong Kong Legislative Council does not have a [[ceremonial mace]] placed in its chambers. However, the high courts of Hong Kong use a mace to open sessions, and it represents the authority and powers of the court.
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	{{Main\|Election Committee (constituency)}}		{{Main\|Election Committee (constituency)}}

	The Election Committee constituency was one of the three constituencies designed in the [[Basic Law of Hong Kong]] next to the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and the indirectly elected [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)\|functional constituencies]] for the first and second-term Legislative Council in the early SAR period. With the last [[Governor of Hong Kong\|British Governor]] [[Chris Patten]]'s [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|electoral reform]], the ECC was composed of all elected [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Board]] members who had been [[1994 Hong Kong local elections\|elected in 1994]]. The [[Single Transferable Vote]] system was used in the [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|1995 election]].<ref>[http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf Report on the 1995 Legislative General Election, Boundary and Election Commission]</ref>		The Election Committee constituency was one of the three constituencies designed in the [[Basic Law of Hong Kong]] next to the directly elected [[geographical constituencies]] and the indirectly elected [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)\|functional constituencies]] for the first and second-term Legislative Council in the early SAR period. With the last [[Governor of Hong Kong\|British Governor]] [[Chris Patten]]'s [[1994 Hong Kong electoral reform\|electoral reform]], the ECC was composed of all elected [[District Councils of Hong Kong\|District Board]] members who had been [[1994 Hong Kong local elections\|elected in 1994]]. The [[Single Transferable Vote]] system was used in the [[1995 Hong Kong legislative election\|1995 election]].<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf \|title=Report on the 1995 Legislative General Election, Boundary and Election Commission \|access-date=9 February 2022 \|archive-date=19 October 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019113453/http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35838851.pdf \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	After the [[handover of Hong Kong]], the ECC was allocated 10 seats out of the total 60 seats in the SAR Legislative Council, comprising all members of the [[Election Committee]] which also elected the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong\|Chief Executive]] every five years. The size of the constituency reduced to six seats in 2000 and was entirely abolished and replaced by the directly elected geographical constituency seats in the [[2004 Hong Kong legislative election\|2004 election]]. The [[plurality-at-large voting]] system was used in 1998 and 2000.		After the [[handover of Hong Kong]], the ECC was allocated 10 seats out of the total 60 seats in the SAR Legislative Council, comprising all members of the [[Election Committee]] which also elected the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong\|Chief Executive]] every five years. The size of the constituency reduced to six seats in 2000 and was entirely abolished and replaced by the directly elected geographical constituency seats in the [[2004 Hong Kong legislative election\|2004 election]]. The [[plurality-at-large voting]] system was used in 1998 and 2000.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:41, 29 July 2025
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	On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>		On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>

	The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said ~~was negative and that~~ "~~One one hand, that~~ would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>		The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said "would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>

	In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:31, 19 July 2025
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	On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>		On 27 January 2021, [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party\|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he reviewed a work report delivered by [[Carrie Lam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report\|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|date=27 January 2021\|work=Xinhua\|access-date=25 November 2021\|archive-date=22 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122182806/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139702049.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2021, China's [[National People's Congress]] passed a [[2021 Hong Kong electoral reform\|resolution that authorised an overhaul of Hong Kong's electoral system]], including that of the Legislative Council.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=China approves Hong Kong election overhaul bill\|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/China-People-s-Congress/China-approves-Hong-Kong-election-overhaul-bill\|access-date=2021-03-12\|website=Nikkei Asia\|language=en-GB}}</ref> The reform would allow a new Candidate Eligibility Review Committee, composed entirely of principal officials from the Hong Kong government, to vet candidates for the Legislative Council and would increase its total number of seats from 70 to 90.<ref name="scmp-20210330" /> However, the seats that were directly elected would be reduced from 35 to 20, the five directly elected District Council (Second) seats would also be removed, while an additional 40 seats would be [[Election Committee (constituency)\|elected by]] the pro-Beijing [[Election Committee (Hong Kong)\|Election Committee]] and 30 seats would remain trade-based functional constituencies. Every candidate must have nominations from each of the five sectors in the Election Committee.<ref name="scmp-20210330">{{Cite web\|date=2021-03-30\|title=December date for Hong Kong Legco polls, key role for new chief convenor\|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3127563/sweeping-changes-hong-kongs-electoral-system-approved\|access-date=2021-04-09\|website=South China Morning Post\|language=en\|quote=... the Election Committee, which was expected to be filled by Beijing-loyalists.... The new members will include patriotic groups and members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to further reinforce the pro-establishment camp’s control of the body.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|title=China formalises sweeping electoral shake-up for Hong Kong, demands loyalty\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong-committee-idUSKBN2BM0DS\|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref>

	The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said was negative and that "One one hand, that would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		The seventh Legislative Council term, beginning in January 2022, made changes where lawmakers' names were replaced with "a member" or "members" in meeting minutes, a change which the [[Hong Kong Journalists Association]] said was negative and that "One one hand, that would make it more difficult for the public to hold lawmakers accountable, and therefore affect how voters may vote."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Chau \|first=Candice \|date=2023-01-18 \|title=Hong Kong press group slams omission of lawmakers' names from legislature meeting minutes \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/01/18/hong-kong-press-group-slams-omission-of-lawmakers-names-from-legislature-meeting-minutes/ \|access-date=2023-01-18 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref> Additionally, the Chinese national emblem was installed in the chamber above the Hong Kong emblem for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-01-03 \|title=立法會會議廳將同時懸掛國徽及區徽 \|url=https://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=462076 \|access-date=2025-07-19 \|website=Now 新聞 \|language=zh-hk}}</ref>

	In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>		In April 2023, a survey found that half of Hongkongers were unable to name any serving lawmaker, with another 12% naming somebody not a current lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Mok \|first=Lea \|date=2023-04-14 \|title=Half of Hongkongers unable to name any serving lawmaker, poll finds \|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2023/04/14/half-of-hongkongers-unable-to-name-any-serving-lawmaker-poll-finds/ \|access-date=2023-04-22 \|website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP \|language=en-GB}}</ref>