Line source - Revision history

GreenC bot: Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#fhwa.dot.gov

2024-08-05T01:05:33Z

Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#fhwa.dot.gov

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:05, 5 August 2024
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* [http://www.epa.gov./scram001/ EPA Support Center for Regulatory Atmospheric Modeling]		* [http://www.epa.gov./scram001/ EPA Support Center for Regulatory Atmospheric Modeling]
	* [http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/~~ENVIRONMENT~~/rcnm.htm U.S. Federal Highway Administration Roadway Construction Noise Model]		* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060926155730/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/rcnm.htm U.S. Federal Highway Administration Roadway Construction Noise Model]

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Line Source}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Line Source}}

OlliverWithDoubleL at 16:49, 29 July 2023

2023-07-29T16:49:07Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:49, 29 July 2023
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			{{Short description\|Line from which something (air, noise, radiation, etc.) emanates}}
	[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]		[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]

Sadads: link water pollution using Find link

2022-04-25T23:58:27Z

link water pollution using Find link

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:58, 25 April 2022
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	[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]		[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]

	A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.		A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of [[water pollution]] sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.

	In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the United States, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.		In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the United States, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.

Srleffler: removed Category:Optics; added Category:Nonimaging optics using HotCat

2021-05-18T02:13:43Z

removed Category:Optics; added Category:Nonimaging optics using HotCat

← Previous revision		Revision as of 02:13, 18 May 2021
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	[[Category:Experimental physics]]		[[Category:Experimental physics]]
	[[Category:Noise pollution]]		[[Category:Noise pollution]]
	[[Category:~~Optics~~]]		[[Category:Nonimaging optics]]
	[[Category:Water pollution]]		[[Category:Water pollution]]

KolbertBot: Bot: HTTP→HTTPS (v475)

2017-10-30T18:06:25Z

Bot: HTTP→HTTPS (v475)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:06, 30 October 2017
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	[[Image:FluorescentT8razorback.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Common T8 [[fluorescent]] [[lighting]] tubes used in office environments]]		[[Image:FluorescentT8razorback.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Common T8 [[fluorescent]] [[lighting]] tubes used in office environments]]

	In the study of illumination, a variety of sources are linear in nature, most commonly the [[fluorescent tube]], During the process of interior lighting design it is important to calculate the light intensity at work stations or other user areas, not only to ensure sufficient light is present, but more importantly to avoid [[over-illumination]] and its attendant [[energy conservation\|energy wastage]] as well as adverse health effects. Thus the scientists involved in light transmission calculations employ computer models that recognize linear sources when fluorescent fixtures are used. In a typical setting there may be hundreds of finite length light sources that comprise the light output in an office environment. A related concept are the [[ultraviolet]] tubes used in [[phototherapy]], where output radiation from the tube can be accurately modeled by treating the tube as a line source.<ref>[[David Robert Grimes]], Chris Robbins, Neil John O'Hare. [~~http~~://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21089759 ''Dose Modeling in Ultraviolet phototherapy'', Medical Physics, '''37(10)''' October 2010]</ref> On a larger scale, an illuminated [[roadway]] may act as a line source of [[light pollution]].		In the study of illumination, a variety of sources are linear in nature, most commonly the [[fluorescent tube]], During the process of interior lighting design it is important to calculate the light intensity at work stations or other user areas, not only to ensure sufficient light is present, but more importantly to avoid [[over-illumination]] and its attendant [[energy conservation\|energy wastage]] as well as adverse health effects. Thus the scientists involved in light transmission calculations employ computer models that recognize linear sources when fluorescent fixtures are used. In a typical setting there may be hundreds of finite length light sources that comprise the light output in an office environment. A related concept are the [[ultraviolet]] tubes used in [[phototherapy]], where output radiation from the tube can be accurately modeled by treating the tube as a line source.<ref>[[David Robert Grimes]], Chris Robbins, Neil John O'Hare. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21089759 ''Dose Modeling in Ultraviolet phototherapy'', Medical Physics, '''37(10)''' October 2010]</ref> On a larger scale, an illuminated [[roadway]] may act as a line source of [[light pollution]].

	==See also==		==See also==

Amir Hamzah 2008 at 10:35, 4 July 2017

2017-07-04T10:35:31Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:35, 4 July 2017
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	[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[~~North-South~~ Expressway, Malaysia\|~~North-South~~ Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]		[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]

	A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.		A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.3.1.1)

2017-05-16T09:53:31Z

Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.3.1.1)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:53, 16 May 2017
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	Less common are line source applications in the field of water pollutant dispersal. This phenomenon generally arises when [[surface runoff]] scours [[soil contaminants]] from upper soil layers and transports these pollutants to a linear receiving water, such as a river. The underlying land management practices which lead to such sources of water pollution are [[logging]], [[pesticide]] application, [[construction]] grading, [[slash-and-burn]] activity and urban [[stormwater]] runoff.		Less common are line source applications in the field of water pollutant dispersal. This phenomenon generally arises when [[surface runoff]] scours [[soil contaminants]] from upper soil layers and transports these pollutants to a linear receiving water, such as a river. The underlying land management practices which lead to such sources of water pollution are [[logging]], [[pesticide]] application, [[construction]] grading, [[slash-and-burn]] activity and urban [[stormwater]] runoff.

	Again computer models are needed to address the complexity of such an extended linear discharge into a dynamic medium such as flowing water. The resulting surface runoff water carrying pollutants may be considered a line source discharging into a river or stream. The chemical composition of this surface runoff may be characterized by a surface runoff model such as the USGS runoff precipitation algorithm,<ref>[http://eco.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/prms.html United States Geological Survey runoff precipitation algorithm]</ref> while the instream transport may be analyzed by a dynamic river pollutant model such as [[DSSAM]].		Again computer models are needed to address the complexity of such an extended linear discharge into a dynamic medium such as flowing water. The resulting surface runoff water carrying pollutants may be considered a line source discharging into a river or stream. The chemical composition of this surface runoff may be characterized by a surface runoff model such as the USGS runoff precipitation algorithm,<ref>[http://eco.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/prms.html United States Geological Survey runoff precipitation algorithm] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610235807/http://eco.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/prms.html \|date=2007-06-10 }}</ref> while the instream transport may be analyzed by a dynamic river pollutant model such as [[DSSAM]].

	==Light emission line source==		==Light emission line source==

TAnthony: USA is deprecated, per MOS:NOTUSA, and correct overlinking of common places and languages using AWB

2016-08-25T05:30:23Z

USA is deprecated, per MOS:NOTUSA, and correct overlinking of common places and languages using AWB

← Previous revision		Revision as of 05:30, 25 August 2016
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	A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.		A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.

	In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the ~~[[USA]]~~, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.		In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the United States, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.

	For electromagnetic linear sources, the principal early advances in computer modeling arose in the [[Soviet Union]] and USA when the end of [[World War II]] and the [[Cold War]] were fought partially by progress in [[electronic warfare]], including the technologies of active antenna arrays.		For electromagnetic linear sources, the principal early advances in computer modeling arose in the [[Soviet Union]] and USA when the end of [[World War II]] and the [[Cold War]] were fought partially by progress in [[electronic warfare]], including the technologies of active antenna arrays.
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	==Linear air pollution source==		==Linear air pollution source==

	{{main\|Roadway air dispersion modeling}}		{{main article\|Roadway air dispersion modeling}}

	Air pollution levels near major highways and urban [[arterial]]s are in violation of U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards where millions of Americans live or work. Even the interior of a building does not really protect inhabitants from adverse exterior air quality, since the exterior air is the intake supply, and it is well known that [[indoor air quality]] is typically worse than exterior air.		Air pollution levels near major highways and urban [[arterial]]s are in violation of U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards where millions of Americans live or work. Even the interior of a building does not really protect inhabitants from adverse exterior air quality, since the exterior air is the intake supply, and it is well known that [[indoor air quality]] is typically worse than exterior air.
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	==Linear noise source==		==Linear noise source==

	{{main\|Roadway noise}}		{{main article\|Roadway noise}}

	[[Image:Njturnpike.JPG\|thumb\|300px\|left\|The [[New Jersey Turnpike]] was one of the earliest line sources analyzed for [[roadway noise\|noise]]]]		[[Image:Njturnpike.JPG\|thumb\|300px\|left\|The [[New Jersey Turnpike]] was one of the earliest line sources analyzed for [[roadway noise\|noise]]]]

Bensin: link in ref

2016-02-27T21:57:52Z

link in ref

← Previous revision		Revision as of 21:57, 27 February 2016
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	[[Image:FluorescentT8razorback.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Common T8 [[fluorescent]] [[lighting]] tubes used in office environments]]		[[Image:FluorescentT8razorback.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|left\|Common T8 [[fluorescent]] [[lighting]] tubes used in office environments]]

	In the study of illumination, a variety of sources are linear in nature, most commonly the [[fluorescent tube]], During the process of interior lighting design it is important to calculate the light intensity at work stations or other user areas, not only to ensure sufficient light is present, but more importantly to avoid [[over-illumination]] and its attendant [[energy conservation\|energy wastage]] as well as adverse health effects. Thus the scientists involved in light transmission calculations employ computer models that recognize linear sources when fluorescent fixtures are used. In a typical setting there may be hundreds of finite length light sources that comprise the light output in an office environment. A related concept are the [[ultraviolet]] tubes used in [[phototherapy]], where output radiation from the tube can be accurately modeled by treating the tube as a line source.<ref>[~~http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21089759~~ David Robert Grimes, Chris Robbins, Neil John O'Hare, ''Dose Modeling in Ultraviolet phototherapy'', Medical Physics, '''37(10)''' October 2010]</ref> On a larger scale, an illuminated [[roadway]] may act as a line source of [[light pollution]].		In the study of illumination, a variety of sources are linear in nature, most commonly the [[fluorescent tube]], During the process of interior lighting design it is important to calculate the light intensity at work stations or other user areas, not only to ensure sufficient light is present, but more importantly to avoid [[over-illumination]] and its attendant [[energy conservation\|energy wastage]] as well as adverse health effects. Thus the scientists involved in light transmission calculations employ computer models that recognize linear sources when fluorescent fixtures are used. In a typical setting there may be hundreds of finite length light sources that comprise the light output in an office environment. A related concept are the [[ultraviolet]] tubes used in [[phototherapy]], where output radiation from the tube can be accurately modeled by treating the tube as a line source.<ref>[[David Robert Grimes]], Chris Robbins, Neil John O'Hare. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21089759 ''Dose Modeling in Ultraviolet phototherapy'', Medical Physics, '''37(10)''' October 2010]</ref> On a larger scale, an illuminated [[roadway]] may act as a line source of [[light pollution]].

	==See also==		==See also==

Greg Dahlen: felt term secondary emitter should be clarified, hence created possible link

2015-12-06T20:18:55Z

felt term secondary emitter should be clarified, hence created possible link

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:18, 6 December 2015
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	Due to the complexity of the variables, a line source acoustic model must be a computer model that can analyze sound levels in the vicinity of roadways. The first meaningful models arose in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Two of the leading research teams were [[BBN Technologies\|BBN]] in [[Boston]] and [[ESL Inc.]] of Sunnyvale, California. Both of these groups developed complex [[mathematical model]]s to allow the study of alternate roadway designs, traffic operations and [[noise mitigation]] strategies in an arbitrary setting.<ref>John Shadely, ''Acoustical analysis of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] widening project between Raritan and East Brunswick'', Bolt Beranek and Newman, 1973</ref> Later model alterations have come into widespread use among state [[Department of Transportation\|Departments of Transportation]] and city planners, but the accuracy of early models has had little change in 40 years.		Due to the complexity of the variables, a line source acoustic model must be a computer model that can analyze sound levels in the vicinity of roadways. The first meaningful models arose in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Two of the leading research teams were [[BBN Technologies\|BBN]] in [[Boston]] and [[ESL Inc.]] of Sunnyvale, California. Both of these groups developed complex [[mathematical model]]s to allow the study of alternate roadway designs, traffic operations and [[noise mitigation]] strategies in an arbitrary setting.<ref>John Shadely, ''Acoustical analysis of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] widening project between Raritan and East Brunswick'', Bolt Beranek and Newman, 1973</ref> Later model alterations have come into widespread use among state [[Department of Transportation\|Departments of Transportation]] and city planners, but the accuracy of early models has had little change in 40 years.

	Generally line source acoustic models trace sound ray bundles and calculate spreading loss along with ray bundle divergence (or convergence} from refractive phenomena. [[Diffraction]] is usually addressed by establishing secondary emitters at any points of [[topographic]] or [[anthropomorphic]] “sharpness” (such as [[noise barrier]]s or building surfaces. [[Meteorology]] can be addressed in a statistical manner allowing for actual [[wind rose]] and [[wind speed]] statistics (along with [[thermocline]] data).		Generally line source acoustic models trace sound ray bundles and calculate spreading loss along with ray bundle divergence (or convergence} from refractive phenomena. [[Diffraction]] is usually addressed by establishing [[secondary emitters]] at any points of [[topographic]] or [[anthropomorphic]] “sharpness” (such as [[noise barrier]]s or building surfaces. [[Meteorology]] can be addressed in a statistical manner allowing for actual [[wind rose]] and [[wind speed]] statistics (along with [[thermocline]] data).

	==Water pollution line source==		==Water pollution line source==

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:58, 25 April 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]		[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|[[North–South Expressway (Malaysia)\|North–South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]]. A roadway can be a line source of [[air pollution\|air]] and [[noise pollution]] and need not be a straight line.]]

	A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.		A '''line source''', as opposed to a [[point source]], [[area source]], or [[Volume source (pollution)\|volume source]], is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are [[roadway air dispersion modeling\|roadway air pollution]], [[aircraft]] air [[emission standard\|emissions]], [[roadway noise]], certain types of [[water pollution]] sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, certain dose models in [[medical physics]] and electromagnetic [[Antenna (radio)\|antennas]]. While [[Point source (pollution)\|point sources]] of [[pollution]] were studied since the late nineteenth century, linear sources did not receive much attention from scientists until the late 1960s, when environmental regulations for [[highway]]s and [[airport]]s began to emerge. At the same time, computers with the processing power to accommodate the data processing needs of the [[computer model]]s required to tackle these one-dimensional sources became more available.

	In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the United States, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.		In addition, this era of the 1960s saw the first emergence of [[environmental scientist]]s who spanned the disciplines required to accomplish these studies. For example, meteorologists, chemists, and computer scientists in the air pollution field were required to build complex models to address [[roadway air dispersion modeling]]. Prior to the 1960s, these specialities tended to work within their own disciplines, but with the advent of [[NEPA]], the [[Clean Air Act (United States)\|Clean Air Act]], the [[Noise Control Act]] in the United States, and other seminal legislation, the era of multidisciplinary environmental science had begun.