Local binary patterns - Revision history

LR.127: Adding local short description: "Descriptor of computer vision", overriding Wikidata description "type of visual descriptor"

2024-11-15T01:22:48Z

Adding local short description: "Descriptor of computer vision", overriding Wikidata description "type of visual descriptor"

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:22, 15 November 2024
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			{{Short description\|Descriptor of computer vision}}
	'''Local binary patterns''' ('''LBP''') is a type of [[visual descriptor]] used for classification in [[computer vision]]. LBP is the particular case of the Texture Spectrum model proposed in 1990.<ref>DC. He and L. Wang (1990), "Texture Unit, Texture Spectrum, And Texture Analysis", Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 28, pp. 509 - 512.</ref><ref>L. Wang and DC. He (1990), "Texture Classification Using Texture Spectrum", Pattern Recognition, Vol. 23, No. 8, pp. 905 - 910.</ref> LBP was first described in 1994.<ref>T. Ojala, [[Matti Pietikäinen (academic)\|M. Pietikäinen]], and D. Harwood (1994), "Performance evaluation of texture measures with classification based on Kullback discrimination of distributions", Proceedings of the 12th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 1994), vol. 1, pp. 582 - 585.</ref><ref>T. Ojala, M. Pietikäinen, and D. Harwood (1996), "A Comparative Study of Texture Measures with Classification Based on Feature Distributions", Pattern Recognition, vol. 29, pp. 51-59.</ref> It has since been found to be a powerful feature for texture classification; it has further been determined that when LBP is combined with the [[Histogram of oriented gradients]] (HOG) descriptor, it improves the detection performance considerably on some datasets.<ref>"An HOG-LBP Human Detector with Partial Occlusion Handling", Xiaoyu Wang, Tony X. Han, Shuicheng Yan, ICCV 2009</ref> A comparison of several improvements of the original LBP in the field of background subtraction was made in 2015 by Silva et al.<ref>C. Silva, T. Bouwmans, C. Frelicot, "An eXtended Center-Symmetric Local Binary Pattern for Background Modeling and Subtraction in Videos", VISAPP 2015, Berlin, Germany, March 2015.</ref> A full survey of the different versions of LBP can be found in Bouwmans et al.<ref>T. Bouwmans, C. Silva, C. Marghes, M. Zitouni, H. Bhaskar, C. Frelicot,, "On the Role and the Importance of Features for Background Modeling and Foreground Detection”, {{ArXiv\|1611.09099}}</ref>		'''Local binary patterns''' ('''LBP''') is a type of [[visual descriptor]] used for classification in [[computer vision]]. LBP is the particular case of the Texture Spectrum model proposed in 1990.<ref>DC. He and L. Wang (1990), "Texture Unit, Texture Spectrum, And Texture Analysis", Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 28, pp. 509 - 512.</ref><ref>L. Wang and DC. He (1990), "Texture Classification Using Texture Spectrum", Pattern Recognition, Vol. 23, No. 8, pp. 905 - 910.</ref> LBP was first described in 1994.<ref>T. Ojala, [[Matti Pietikäinen (academic)\|M. Pietikäinen]], and D. Harwood (1994), "Performance evaluation of texture measures with classification based on Kullback discrimination of distributions", Proceedings of the 12th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 1994), vol. 1, pp. 582 - 585.</ref><ref>T. Ojala, M. Pietikäinen, and D. Harwood (1996), "A Comparative Study of Texture Measures with Classification Based on Feature Distributions", Pattern Recognition, vol. 29, pp. 51-59.</ref> It has since been found to be a powerful feature for texture classification; it has further been determined that when LBP is combined with the [[Histogram of oriented gradients]] (HOG) descriptor, it improves the detection performance considerably on some datasets.<ref>"An HOG-LBP Human Detector with Partial Occlusion Handling", Xiaoyu Wang, Tony X. Han, Shuicheng Yan, ICCV 2009</ref> A comparison of several improvements of the original LBP in the field of background subtraction was made in 2015 by Silva et al.<ref>C. Silva, T. Bouwmans, C. Frelicot, "An eXtended Center-Symmetric Local Binary Pattern for Background Modeling and Subtraction in Videos", VISAPP 2015, Berlin, Germany, March 2015.</ref> A full survey of the different versions of LBP can be found in Bouwmans et al.<ref>T. Bouwmans, C. Silva, C. Marghes, M. Zitouni, H. Bhaskar, C. Frelicot,, "On the Role and the Importance of Features for Background Modeling and Foreground Detection”, {{ArXiv\|1611.09099}}</ref>

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (AManWithNoPlan - 19964

2024-06-12T15:04:04Z

Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (AManWithNoPlan - 19964

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	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==
	* [http://www.cse.oulu.fi/CMV CMV], includes the general LBP [http://www.cse.oulu.fi/CMV/Downloads/LBPMatlab implementation] and many further extensions over LBP histogram in MATLAB.		* [http://www.cse.oulu.fi/CMV CMV], includes the general LBP [http://www.cse.oulu.fi/CMV/Downloads/LBPMatlab implementation] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128164522/http://www.cse.oulu.fi/CMV/Downloads/LBPMatlab? \|date=2014-11-28 }} and many further extensions over LBP histogram in MATLAB.
	* [http://luispedro.org/software/mahotas Python mahotas], an open source computer vision package which includes an implementation of LBPs.		* [http://luispedro.org/software/mahotas Python mahotas], an open source computer vision package which includes an implementation of LBPs.
	* [[OpenCV]]'s Cascade Classifiers support LBPs as of version 2.		* [[OpenCV]]'s Cascade Classifiers support LBPs as of version 2.

195.158.1.149: /* Extensions */

2022-10-13T12:34:54Z

Extensions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 12:34, 13 October 2022
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	* Transition Local Binary Patterns(tLBP):<ref>Trefný, Jirí, and Jirí Matas."Extended set of local binary patterns for rapid object detection." Proceedings of the Computer Vision Winter Workshop. Vol. 2010. 2010.</ref> binary value of transition coded LBP is composed of neighbor pixel comparisons clockwise direction for all pixels except the central.		* Transition Local Binary Patterns(tLBP):<ref>Trefný, Jirí, and Jirí Matas."Extended set of local binary patterns for rapid object detection." Proceedings of the Computer Vision Winter Workshop. Vol. 2010. 2010.</ref> binary value of transition coded LBP is composed of neighbor pixel comparisons clockwise direction for all pixels except the central.
	* Direction coded Local Binary Patterns(dLBP): the dLBP encodes the intensity variation along the four basic directions through the central pixel in two bits.		* Direction coded Local Binary Patterns(dLBP): the dLBP encodes the intensity variation along the four basic directions through the central pixel in two bits.
	* Modified Local Binary Patterns(mLBP): the mLBP compares the values of neighboring pixels to the average of the intensity values in the 3x3 window.
	* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.		* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.
	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.

John of Reading: Typo fixing, replaced: et. al → et al. (2)

2022-04-26T15:49:15Z

Typo fixing, replaced: et. al → et al. (2)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 15:49, 26 April 2022
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	The feature vector can now be processed using the [[Support vector machine]], [[extreme learning machine]]s, or some other [[machine learning]] algorithm to classify images. Such classifiers can be used for [[facial recognition system\|face recognition]] or texture analysis.		The feature vector can now be processed using the [[Support vector machine]], [[extreme learning machine]]s, or some other [[machine learning]] algorithm to classify images. Such classifiers can be used for [[facial recognition system\|face recognition]] or texture analysis.

	A useful extension to the original operator is the so-called uniform pattern,<ref>Barkan et. al "Fast High Dimensional Vector Multiplication Face Recognition." Proceedings of ICCV 2013</ref> which can be used to reduce the length of the feature vector and implement a simple rotation invariant descriptor. This idea is motivated by the fact that some binary patterns occur more commonly in texture images than others. A local binary pattern is called uniform if the binary pattern contains at most two 0-1 or 1-0 transitions. For example, 00010000 (2 transitions) is a uniform pattern, but 01010100 (6 transitions) is not. In the computation of the LBP histogram, the histogram has a separate bin for every uniform pattern, and all non-uniform patterns are assigned to a single bin. Using uniform patterns, the length of the feature vector for a single cell reduces from 256 to 59. The 58 uniform binary patterns correspond to the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 15, 16, 24, 28, 30, 31, 32, 48, 56, 60, 62, 63, 64, 96, 112, 120, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 135, 143, 159, 191, 192, 193, 195, 199, 207, 223, 224, 225, 227, 231, 239, 240, 241, 243, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254 and 255.		A useful extension to the original operator is the so-called uniform pattern,<ref>Barkan et al. "Fast High Dimensional Vector Multiplication Face Recognition." Proceedings of ICCV 2013</ref> which can be used to reduce the length of the feature vector and implement a simple rotation invariant descriptor. This idea is motivated by the fact that some binary patterns occur more commonly in texture images than others. A local binary pattern is called uniform if the binary pattern contains at most two 0-1 or 1-0 transitions. For example, 00010000 (2 transitions) is a uniform pattern, but 01010100 (6 transitions) is not. In the computation of the LBP histogram, the histogram has a separate bin for every uniform pattern, and all non-uniform patterns are assigned to a single bin. Using uniform patterns, the length of the feature vector for a single cell reduces from 256 to 59. The 58 uniform binary patterns correspond to the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 15, 16, 24, 28, 30, 31, 32, 48, 56, 60, 62, 63, 64, 96, 112, 120, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 135, 143, 159, 191, 192, 193, 195, 199, 207, 223, 224, 225, 227, 231, 239, 240, 241, 243, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254 and 255.

	== Extensions ==		== Extensions ==
	* Over-Complete Local Binary Patterns (OCLBP):<ref>Barkan et. al "Fast High Dimensional Vector Multiplication Face Recognition." Proceedings of ICCV 2013</ref> OCLBP is a variant of LBP that has been shown to improve the overall performance on face verification. Unlike LBP, OCLBP adopts overlapping to adjacent blocks. Formally, the configuration of OCLBP is denoted as S : (a, b, v, h, p, r): an image is divided into a×b blocks with vertical overlap of v and horizontal overlap of h, and then uniform patterns LBP(u2,p,r) are extracted from all the blocks. Moreover, OCLBP is composed of several different configurations. For example, in their original paper, the authors used three configurations: S : (10,10,12,12,8,1),(14,14,12,12,8,2),(18,18,12,12,8,3). The three configurations consider three block sizes: 10×10, 14×14, 18×18, and half overlap rates along the vertical and horizontal directions. These configurations are concatenated to form a 40877 dimensional feature vector for an image of size 150x80.		* Over-Complete Local Binary Patterns (OCLBP):<ref>Barkan et al. "Fast High Dimensional Vector Multiplication Face Recognition." Proceedings of ICCV 2013</ref> OCLBP is a variant of LBP that has been shown to improve the overall performance on face verification. Unlike LBP, OCLBP adopts overlapping to adjacent blocks. Formally, the configuration of OCLBP is denoted as S : (a, b, v, h, p, r): an image is divided into a×b blocks with vertical overlap of v and horizontal overlap of h, and then uniform patterns LBP(u2,p,r) are extracted from all the blocks. Moreover, OCLBP is composed of several different configurations. For example, in their original paper, the authors used three configurations: S : (10,10,12,12,8,1),(14,14,12,12,8,2),(18,18,12,12,8,3). The three configurations consider three block sizes: 10×10, 14×14, 18×18, and half overlap rates along the vertical and horizontal directions. These configurations are concatenated to form a 40877 dimensional feature vector for an image of size 150x80.
	* Transition Local Binary Patterns(tLBP):<ref>Trefný, Jirí, and Jirí Matas."Extended set of local binary patterns for rapid object detection." Proceedings of the Computer Vision Winter Workshop. Vol. 2010. 2010.</ref> binary value of transition coded LBP is composed of neighbor pixel comparisons clockwise direction for all pixels except the central.		* Transition Local Binary Patterns(tLBP):<ref>Trefný, Jirí, and Jirí Matas."Extended set of local binary patterns for rapid object detection." Proceedings of the Computer Vision Winter Workshop. Vol. 2010. 2010.</ref> binary value of transition coded LBP is composed of neighbor pixel comparisons clockwise direction for all pixels except the central.
	* Direction coded Local Binary Patterns(dLBP): the dLBP encodes the intensity variation along the four basic directions through the central pixel in two bits.		* Direction coded Local Binary Patterns(dLBP): the dLBP encodes the intensity variation along the four basic directions through the central pixel in two bits.

Limit-theorem: Same revision, under a different name. Sockpuppet suspected. Undid revision 1055695012 by Faezekiani000 (talk)

2021-11-17T09:56:07Z

Same revision, under a different name. Sockpuppet suspected. Undid revision 1055695012 by Faezekiani000 (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:56, 17 November 2021
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	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.
	* One dimensional Local binary Patterns(1DLBP):<ref>Tajeripour, Farshad, and Fekri-Ershad, Shervan. "Developing a novel approach for stone porosity computing using modified local binary patterns and single scale retinex." Arabian journal for Science and Engineering. Vol.39 (2014): 875-889.</ref> 1DLBP is defined as a modified version of basic local binary patterns with new definition for neighborhoods. 1DLBP defines two horizontal and vertical segments to compute local relation between center and its neighbors. the computational complexity of 1dLBP is lower than LBP because of using one dimensional computations.

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==

Faezekiani000: /* Extensions */

2021-11-17T08:03:39Z

Extensions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:03, 17 November 2021
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	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.
			* One dimensional Local binary Patterns(1DLBP):<ref>Tajeripour, Farshad, and Fekri-Ershad, Shervan. "Developing a novel approach for stone porosity computing using modified local binary patterns and single scale retinex." Arabian journal for Science and Engineering. Vol.39 (2014): 875-889.</ref> 1DLBP is defined as a modified version of basic local binary patterns with new definition for neighborhoods. 1DLBP defines two horizontal and vertical segments to compute local relation between center and its neighbors. the computational complexity of 1dLBP is lower than LBP because of using one dimensional computations.

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==

Limit-theorem: Appears to be self-citation by editor. Undid revision 1055079848 by Shfekri (talk)

2021-11-14T06:09:18Z

Appears to be self-citation by editor. Undid revision 1055079848 by Shfekri (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:09, 14 November 2021
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	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.
	* Multi-threshold Uniform Local Ternary Patterns(MT-ULTP): This texture descriptor is proposed first time in 2021 for cell phenotype classification. MT-ULTP extracts uniform patterns based on LTP in different threshold levels. It extracts micro and macro texture patterns. <ref>Fekri-Ershad, Shervan."Cell phenotype classification using multi threshold uniform local ternary patterns in florescence microscope images." , Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80:12103-12116, 2021.</ref>

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==

Shfekri: /* Extensions */

2021-11-13T19:08:34Z

Extensions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:08, 13 November 2021
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	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.
			* Multi-threshold Uniform Local Ternary Patterns(MT-ULTP): This texture descriptor is proposed first time in 2021 for cell phenotype classification. MT-ULTP extracts uniform patterns based on LTP in different threshold levels. It extracts micro and macro texture patterns. <ref>Fekri-Ershad, Shervan."Cell phenotype classification using multi threshold uniform local ternary patterns in florescence microscope images." , Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80:12103-12116, 2021.</ref>

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==

Gsquaredxc: Reverted edits by 196.1.113.245 (talk) (HG) (3.4.10)

2020-11-19T06:34:01Z

Reverted edits by 196.1.113.245 (talk) (HG) (3.4.10)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:34, 19 November 2020
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	* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.		* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.
	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together~~. This is not gonna work dummy~~.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==

196.1.113.245: /* Extensions */

2020-11-19T06:33:47Z

Extensions

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:33, 19 November 2020
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	* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.		* Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram.
	* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.		* Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP):<ref>Zhao, Guoying, and Matti Pietikainen. "Dynamic texture recognition using local binary patterns with an application to facial expressions." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 29.6 (2007): 915-928.</ref> VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood of a pixel is thus defined in three dimensional space, and volume textons can be extracted into histograms.
	* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together.		* RGB-LBP: This operator is obtained by computing LBP over all three channels of the RGB color space independently, and then concatenating the results together. This is not gonna work dummy.

	== Implementations ==		== Implementations ==