Manual command to line of sight - Revision history

Wunghuang at 11:52, 17 June 2025

2025-06-17T11:52:03Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:52, 17 June 2025
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	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[Index of aviation articles]]		*[[Index of aviation articles]]
			*[[List of established military terms]]

	==References==		==References==

Wunghuang at 11:44, 17 June 2025

2025-06-17T11:44:19Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:44, 17 June 2025
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	*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]		*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]
	*[[Swingfire]] (early models)		*[[Swingfire]] (early models)

			==See also==
			*[[Index of aviation articles]]

	==References==		==References==

24.138.15.218: Corrected names of systems. Changed to the actual names of systems (not NATO reporting names).

2025-01-16T18:41:30Z

Corrected names of systems. Changed to the actual names of systems (not NATO reporting names).

← Previous revision		Revision as of 18:41, 16 January 2025
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	*[[Malkara (missile)\|Malkara]]		*[[Malkara (missile)\|Malkara]]
	*[[Blowpipe missile]]		*[[Blowpipe missile]]
	*[[3M6 Shmel~~\|AT-1 Snapper~~]]		*[[3M6 Shmel]]
	*[[AT-3 Sagger]]		*[[AT-3 Sagger\|9M14 Malyutka]]
	*[[Vickers Vigilant]]		*[[Vickers Vigilant]]
	*Saab [[Rb 05]]		*Saab [[Rb 05]]

Mazewaxie: WP:GENFIXES

2024-03-27T21:53:39Z

WP:GENFIXES

← Previous revision		Revision as of 21:53, 27 March 2024
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	{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}		{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}

	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=~~187-197~~ \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref>{{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187–197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.

	With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].		With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].

	MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.		MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.

Cassandratoday: Undid revision 1183715859 by Cassandratoday (talk)

2023-11-06T02:04:12Z

Undid revision 1183715859 by Cassandratoday (talk)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 02:04, 6 November 2023
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	{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}		{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}

	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187-197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s~~. With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target~~.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187-197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.

	Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].		With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].

	MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.		MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.

Cassandratoday: /* top */Moved the lead sentence from 2nd para to end of first para, so it shows up in preview.

2023-11-06T01:58:41Z

top: Moved the lead sentence from 2nd para to end of first para, so it shows up in preview.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 01:58, 6 November 2023
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	{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}		{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}

	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187-197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187-197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s. With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target.

	~~With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target.~~ Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].		Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].

	MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.		MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.

Streamline8988: After 20 years without any sources, I will add the first citation. 🫡

2023-09-30T06:24:50Z

After 20 years without any sources, I will add the first citation. 🫡

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:24, 30 September 2023
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	{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}		{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}

	{{Unreferenced\|date=October 2007}}
	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''') is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''' or '''MACLOS''')<ref> {{cite journal \|last1= Iyer, N. R. \|first1= \|last2= \|first2= \|date=1995 \|title=Recent Advances in Antitank Guided Missile Systems \|url= https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/333720993.pdf\|journal=Defence Science Journal \|volume=45 \|issue=3 \|pages=187-197 \|doi= \|access-date=}}</ref> is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.

	With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].		With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].
Line 32:		Line 32:
	*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]		*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]
	*[[Swingfire]] (early models)		*[[Swingfire]] (early models)

			==References==
			{{Reflist}}

	{{Missile types}}		{{Missile types}}

Liu1126: Adding short description: "Method for guiding guided missiles"

2023-05-09T20:57:52Z

Adding short description: "Method for guiding guided missiles"

← Previous revision		Revision as of 20:57, 9 May 2023
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			{{Short description\|Method for guiding guided missiles}}
	{{Unreferenced\|date=October 2007}}		{{Unreferenced\|date=October 2007}}
	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''') is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''') is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.

Renaati: /* MCLOS missiles and guided bombs */ Add some more items to the list

2022-11-05T16:14:46Z

MCLOS missiles and guided bombs: Add some more items to the list

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:14, 5 November 2022
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	*[[SS.11]]		*[[SS.11]]
	*[[ENTAC]]		*[[ENTAC]]
			*[[Malkara (missile)\|Malkara]]
	*[[Blowpipe missile]]		*[[Blowpipe missile]]
			*[[3M6 Shmel\|AT-1 Snapper]]
	*[[AT-3 Sagger]]		*[[AT-3 Sagger]]
	*[[Vickers Vigilant]]		*[[Vickers Vigilant]]
	*Saab [[Rb 05]]		*Saab [[Rb 05]]
	*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]		*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]
			*[[Swingfire]] (early models)

	{{Missile types}}		{{Missile types}}

Jerryobject: Template move to proper place. Small WP:COPYEDITs WP:EoS WP:TERSE. WP:LINK updates, fix-cut needless WP:PIPEs (WP:NOPIPEs). MOS:FIRSTABBReviations define before WP:ABBRs in parentheses. WP:BADEMPHASIS MOS:BOLDs > WP:ITALICs. Nonlead-word nonproper noun MOS:CAPS > WP:LOWERCASE sentence case.

2022-05-25T15:41:11Z

Template move to proper place. Small WP:COPYEDITs WP:EoS WP:TERSE. WP:LINK updates, fix-cut needless WP:PIPEs (WP:NOPIPEs). MOS:FIRSTABBReviations define before WP:ABBRs in parentheses. WP:BADEMPHASIS MOS:BOLDs > WP:ITALICs. Nonlead-word nonproper noun MOS:CAPS > WP:LOWERCASE sentence case.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 15:41, 25 May 2022
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		⚫	{{Unreferenced\|date=October 2007}}
	'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''') is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.		'''Manual command to line of sight''' ('''MCLOS''') is a method for guiding [[guided missile]]s.

	With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites ~~upon~~ launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to a [[tracer ammunition~~\|tracer bullet~~]].		With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Typically the missile is steered with a [[joystick]], and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. The missiles are usually equipped with a [[magnesium]] [[flare]] in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to [[tracer ammunition]].

	MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[~~ATGM~~]] gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.		MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few [[anti-tank guided missile]] (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire.

	MCLOS guidance today has mostly been replaced by the easier-to-use [[~~SACLOS~~]], which allows the gunner to merely track the target with an optical sight (which guides the missile), rather than being forced to both visually track the target and fly the missile manually. The [[Vickers Vigilant]] attempted to solve this by using a "velocity control" method with an on-board gyroscope, rather than simpler "acceleration control".		MCLOS guidance today has mostly been replaced by the easier-to-use [[semi-automatic command to line of sight]] (SACLOS), which allows the gunner to merely track the target with an optical sight (which guides the missile), rather than being forced to both visually track the target and fly the missile manually. The [[Vickers Vigilant]] attempted to solve this by using a "velocity control" method with an on-board gyroscope, rather than simpler "acceleration control".

	==Accuracy==		==Accuracy==
	The accuracy achieved by '''MCLOS''' missiles is hard to put a firm figure on, since it is highly dependent on the skill of the operator and any distractions the operator has to contend with (such as being fired upon). Actual figures from combat operations suggest that it is much lower than SACLOS guided missiles.		The accuracy achieved by ''MCLOS'' missiles is hard to put a firm figure on, since it is highly dependent on the skill of the operator and any distractions the operator has to contend with (such as being fired upon). Actual figures from combat operations suggest that it is much lower than SACLOS guided missiles.
	* [[Six-Day War]] 1967 – [[AT-1 Snapper]] – ~~Limited~~ ~~usage~~, only one tank kill is attributed with a hit probability of less than 25%.		* [[Six-Day War]] 1967 – [[AT-1 Snapper]] – limited use, only one tank kill is attributed with a hit probability of less than 25%.
	* [[Vietnam War]] 1972 – fired by American troops, the French [[SS.11]] – about 10% compared with over 50% for the [[SACLOS]] [[BGM-71 TOW]].		* [[Vietnam War]] 1972 – fired by American troops, the French [[SS.11]] – about 10% compared with over 50% for the SACLOS [[BGM-71 TOW]].
	* [[Yom Kippur War]] 1973 – [[AT-3 Sagger]] – between 25% at the start in well trained Egyptian hands and 2% at the end in less well trained Syrian hands once the threat was understood by Israeli tank crews.		* [[Yom Kippur War]] 1973 – [[AT-3 Sagger]] – between 25% at the start in well trained Egyptian hands and 2% at the end in less well trained Syrian hands once the threat was understood by Israeli tank crews.

	==MCLOS ~~Missiles~~ and guided bombs==		==MCLOS missiles and guided bombs==
	*[[AGM-12 Bullpup]]		*[[AGM-12 Bullpup]]
	*[[Azon]]		*[[Azon]]
	*[[Fritz X]]		*[[Fritz X]]
	*[[Henschel Hs 117]]		*[[Henschel Hs 117]], [[Henschel Hs 293\|Hs 293]]
	*[[Henschel Hs 293]]
	*[[Ruhrstahl X-4]]		*[[Ruhrstahl X-4]]
	*[[Wasserfall ~~missile~~]]		*[[Wasserfall]]
	*[[SS.11]]		*[[SS.11]]
	*[[ENTAC]]		*[[ENTAC]]
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	*[[AT-3 Sagger]]		*[[AT-3 Sagger]]
	*[[Vickers Vigilant]]		*[[Vickers Vigilant]]
	*[[~~Rb 05\|Saab~~ Rb 05]]		*Saab [[Rb 05]]
	*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]		*[[SSM-A-23 Dart]]

		⚫	{{Missile types}}
⚫	{{Unreferenced\|date=October 2007}}

⚫	{{Missile types}}
	[[Category:Missile guidance]]		[[Category:Missile guidance]]