Object-oriented operating system - Revision history

Treutwein: /* Examples */ Added note

2025-04-12T10:28:23Z

Examples: Added note

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:28, 12 April 2025
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	{{Cite thesis \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=1983 \|title=Medos-2: A Modula-2 Oriented Operating System for the Personal Computer Lilith \|type=PhD \|publisher=[[ETH Zurich]] \|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-000300091\|hdl=20.500.11850/137906 }}<!-- also at http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21975/eth-21975-02.pdf --></ref><ref>		{{Cite thesis \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=1983 \|title=Medos-2: A Modula-2 Oriented Operating System for the Personal Computer Lilith \|type=PhD \|publisher=[[ETH Zurich]] \|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-000300091\|hdl=20.500.11850/137906 }}<!-- also at http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21975/eth-21975-02.pdf --></ref><ref>
	{{Cite book \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=25 October 2000 \|chapter=Medos in Retrospect \|editor1-last=Böszörményi \|editor1-first=László \|editor2-last=Gutknecht \|editor2-first=Jürg \|editor2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|editor3-last=Pomberger \|editor3-first=Gustav \|title=The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity \|pages=69–86 \|publisher=Morgan Kaufmann \|isbn=978-1558607231}} {{ISBN\|1-55860-723-4}} & dpunkt, {{ISBN\|3-932588-85-1}}.</ref><ref>		{{Cite book \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=25 October 2000 \|chapter=Medos in Retrospect \|editor1-last=Böszörményi \|editor1-first=László \|editor2-last=Gutknecht \|editor2-first=Jürg \|editor2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|editor3-last=Pomberger \|editor3-first=Gustav \|title=The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity \|pages=69–86 \|publisher=Morgan Kaufmann \|isbn=978-1558607231}} {{ISBN\|1-55860-723-4}} & dpunkt, {{ISBN\|3-932588-85-1}}.</ref><ref>
	{{Cite magazine \|last=Sand \|first=Paul A. \|date=September 1984 \|title=The Lilith Personal Computer \|magazine=[[Byte (magazine)\|Byte]] \|pages=300–311 \|url=https://archive.org/details/BYTE_Vol_09-10_1984-09_Computer_Graphics/page/n309/mode/2up \|access-date=6 March 2021}} Reprint.</ref> It was succeeded at ETH Zurich by the [[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon]] system, and a variant named ''[[Kronos (computer)#Operating system\|Excelsior]]'' was developed for the [[Kronos (computer)\|Kronos]] workstation, by the [[Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union]], Siberian branch, [[Novosibirsk]] Computing Center, Modular Asynchronous Developable Systems (MARS) project, Kronos Research Group (KRG).<ref name="Kronos-Excelsior">{{Cite web \|last1=Kuznetsov \|first1=D.N. \|last2=Nedorya \|first2=A.E. \|last3=Tarasov \|first3=E.V. \|last4=Filippov \|first4=V.E. \|date=<!-- Undated --> \|title=Kronos: a family of processors for high-level languages \|url=http://www.kronos.ru/literature/processors \|website=Kronos: History of a Project \|publisher=xTech \|language=ru \|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>		{{Cite magazine \|last=Sand \|first=Paul A. \|date=September 1984 \|title=The Lilith Personal Computer \|magazine=[[Byte (magazine)\|Byte]] \|pages=300–311 \|url=https://archive.org/details/BYTE_Vol_09-10_1984-09_Computer_Graphics/page/n309/mode/2up \|access-date=6 March 2021}} Reprint.</ref> It was succeeded at ETH Zurich by the [[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon]] system (see also below), and a variant named ''[[Kronos (computer)#Operating system\|Excelsior]]'' was developed for the [[Kronos (computer)\|Kronos]] workstation, by the [[Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union]], Siberian branch, [[Novosibirsk]] Computing Center, Modular Asynchronous Developable Systems (MARS) project, Kronos Research Group (KRG).<ref name="Kronos-Excelsior">{{Cite web \|last1=Kuznetsov \|first1=D.N. \|last2=Nedorya \|first2=A.E. \|last3=Tarasov \|first3=E.V. \|last4=Filippov \|first4=V.E. \|date=<!-- Undated --> \|title=Kronos: a family of processors for high-level languages \|url=http://www.kronos.ru/literature/processors \|website=Kronos: History of a Project \|publisher=xTech \|language=ru \|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
	; Microsoft Singularity		; Microsoft Singularity
	:[[Singularity (operating system)\|Singularity]] is an experimental operating system based on Microsoft's [[.NET Framework]]. It is comparable to Java-based operating systems.		:[[Singularity (operating system)\|Singularity]] is an experimental operating system based on Microsoft's [[.NET Framework]]. It is comparable to Java-based operating systems.

Headbomb: ce

2024-08-12T11:32:36Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:32, 12 August 2024
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	:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.		:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.
	; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices		; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices
	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review ~~(OSR)~~ \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; ETHOS		; ETHOS
	:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]		:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]

OAbot: Open access bot: doi updated in citation with #oabot.

2023-12-11T06:13:01Z

Open access bot: doi updated in citation with #oabot.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:13, 11 December 2023
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	:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.		:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.
	; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices		; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices
	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; ETHOS		; ETHOS
	:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]		:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]

PaulT2022: /* Examples */ add Phantom OS

2023-11-08T22:37:07Z

Examples: add Phantom OS

← Previous revision		Revision as of 22:37, 8 November 2023
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	; OOSMOS		; OOSMOS
	:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.		:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.
			; Phantom OS
			:[[Phantom OS]] adheres to a principle where "everything is an object" and eliminates the concept of a file entirely, instead transparently persisting virtual memory to storage.
	; ReactOS		; ReactOS
	:[[ReactOS]] is an open-source operating system intended to be binary compatible with application software and [[device driver]]s made for Microsoft Windows NT versions. Written from scratch, it aims to follow the [[architecture of Windows NT]] designed by Microsoft from the hardware level right through to the application level. This is ''not'' a Linux-based system, and shares ''none'' of the [[Unix\|unix architecture]].<ref>{{cite web		:[[ReactOS]] is an open-source operating system intended to be binary compatible with application software and [[device driver]]s made for Microsoft Windows NT versions. Written from scratch, it aims to follow the [[architecture of Windows NT]] designed by Microsoft from the hardware level right through to the application level. This is ''not'' a Linux-based system, and shares ''none'' of the [[Unix\|unix architecture]].<ref>{{cite web

Treutwein: clarification (Oberon System)

2023-10-24T16:15:30Z

clarification (Oberon System)

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:15, 24 October 2023
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	:OpenStep was provided as an API layer on many operating systems, namely [[HP-UX]], NextStep, [[Solaris (operating system)\|Solaris]], and Windows.		:OpenStep was provided as an API layer on many operating systems, namely [[HP-UX]], NextStep, [[Solaris (operating system)\|Solaris]], and Windows.
	; Oberon System		; Oberon System
	:[[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon System]] is a single user, object-oriented operating system made for the [[Ceres (workstation)\|Ceres]] line of [[workstation]]s (processor: [[National Semiconductor]] [[NS32000]]), developed in the later 1980s at [[ETH Zurich]] by [[Niklaus Wirth]] and [[Jürg Gutknecht]]. It is built entirely from modules of the programming language [[Oberon (programming language)\|Oberon]].<ref>{{cite report \|last1=Wirth \|first1=Niklaus \|author1-link=Niklaus Wirth \|last2=Gutknecht \|first2=Jürg \|author2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|date=1988 \|title=The Oberon System: Report Number 88 \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:3180/eth-3180-01.pdf}}</ref> A ~~later~~ ~~evolution~~ ~~was~~ named ''Active Object System'' (AOS),<ref name="AOSthesis">{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Muller \|first=Pieter Johannes \|date=2002 \|title=The active object system design and multiprocessor implementation \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:26082/eth-26082-02.pdf \|publisher=Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]])}}</ref> then renamed ''Bluebottle'', then renamed ''[[A2 (operating system)\|A2]]''.		:[[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon System]] is a single user, object-oriented operating system made for the [[Ceres (workstation)\|Ceres]] line of [[workstation]]s (processor: [[National Semiconductor]] [[NS32000]]), developed in the later 1980s at [[ETH Zurich]] by [[Niklaus Wirth]] and [[Jürg Gutknecht]]. It is built entirely from modules of the programming language [[Oberon (programming language)\|Oberon]].<ref>{{cite report \|last1=Wirth \|first1=Niklaus \|author1-link=Niklaus Wirth \|last2=Gutknecht \|first2=Jürg \|author2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|date=1988 \|title=The Oberon System: Report Number 88 \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:3180/eth-3180-01.pdf}}</ref> There are two successors of the Oberon System, ETHOS (see above) and, as of 2023 still maintained, an evolution named ''Active Object System'' (AOS),<ref name="AOSthesis">{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Muller \|first=Pieter Johannes \|date=2002 \|title=The active object system design and multiprocessor implementation \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:26082/eth-26082-02.pdf \|publisher=Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]])}}</ref> then renamed ''Bluebottle'', then renamed ''[[A2 (operating system)\|A2]]''.
	; OOSMOS		; OOSMOS
	:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.		:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.

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2023-08-08T08:24:26Z

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← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:24, 8 August 2023
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	== Background ==		== Background ==
	An object is an instance of a class, which provides a certain set of functionalities. Two objects can be differentiated based on the functionalities (or methods) they support. In an operating system context, objects are associated with a resource. Historically, the object-oriented design principles were used in operating systems to provide several protection mechanisms.<ref name=":0">{{cite ~~journal~~ \|last1=Pashtan \|first1=Ariel \|~~date~~=1 ~~January~~ ~~1982~~ ~~\|title=Object~~ ~~Oriented~~ ~~Operating~~ ~~Systems:~~ An ~~Emerging~~ ~~Design Methodology~~ \|~~journal~~=~~Proceedings~~ of ~~the~~ ~~ACM~~ ~~'82~~ ~~Conference~~ \|pages=126–131 \|doi=10.1145/800174.809777 \|url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/800174.809777 \|publisher=Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)\|isbn=9780897910859 \|s2cid=9463966 }}</ref>		An object is an instance of a class, which provides a certain set of functionalities. Two objects can be differentiated based on the functionalities (or methods) they support. In an operating system context, objects are associated with a resource. Historically, the object-oriented design principles were used in operating systems to provide several protection mechanisms.<ref name=":0">{{cite book \|last1=Pashtan \|first1=Ariel \|title=Proceedings of the ACM '82 conference on - ACM 82 \|chapter=Object oriented operating systems \|date=1 January 1982 \|pages=126–131 \|doi=10.1145/800174.809777 \|chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/800174.809777 \|publisher=Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)\|isbn=9780897910859 \|s2cid=9463966 }}</ref>

	Protection mechanisms in an operating system help in providing a clear separation between different user programs. It also protects the operating system from any malicious user program behavior. For example, consider the case of user profiles in an operating system. The user should not have access to resources of another user. The object model deals with these protection issues with each resource acting as an object. Every object can perform only a set of operations. In the context of user profiles, the set of operations is limited by [[privilege level]] of a user.<ref name=":0"/>		Protection mechanisms in an operating system help in providing a clear separation between different user programs. It also protects the operating system from any malicious user program behavior. For example, consider the case of user profiles in an operating system. The user should not have access to resources of another user. The object model deals with these protection issues with each resource acting as an object. Every object can perform only a set of operations. In the context of user profiles, the set of operations is limited by [[privilege level]] of a user.<ref name=":0"/>

Arjayay: Duplicate word removed

2023-07-19T16:58:33Z

Duplicate word removed

← Previous revision		Revision as of 16:58, 19 July 2023
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	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; ETHOS		; ETHOS
	:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of ~~the~~ the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]		:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]
	; GEOS		; GEOS
	:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by [[Berkeley Softworks]] in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.		:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by [[Berkeley Softworks]] in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.

Treutwein: /* Examples */ ETHOS added, tiny changes to Oberon System

2023-07-19T10:46:58Z

Examples: ETHOS added, tiny changes to Oberon System

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:46, 19 July 2023
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	; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices		; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices
	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
			; ETHOS
			:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]
	; GEOS		; GEOS
	:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by [[Berkeley Softworks]] in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.		:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by [[Berkeley Softworks]] in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.
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	:NeXTStep later evolved into [[OpenStep]] and the [[Cocoa (API)\|Cocoa API]] on [[macOS]] and [[iOS]] ([[iPadOS]], [[watchOS]]).		:NeXTStep later evolved into [[OpenStep]] and the [[Cocoa (API)\|Cocoa API]] on [[macOS]] and [[iOS]] ([[iPadOS]], [[watchOS]]).
	:OpenStep was provided as an API layer on many operating systems, namely [[HP-UX]], NextStep, [[Solaris (operating system)\|Solaris]], and Windows.		:OpenStep was provided as an API layer on many operating systems, namely [[HP-UX]], NextStep, [[Solaris (operating system)\|Solaris]], and Windows.
	; Oberon		; Oberon System
	:[[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon]] is a single user, object-oriented operating system made for the [[Ceres (workstation)\|Ceres]] line of [[workstation]]s (processor: [[National Semiconductor]] [[NS32000]]), developed in the later 1980s at [[ETH Zurich]] by [[Niklaus Wirth]] and [[Jürg Gutknecht]]. It is built entirely from modules of the programming language [[Oberon (programming language)\|Oberon]].<ref>{{cite report \|last1=Wirth \|first1=Niklaus \|author1-link=Niklaus Wirth \|last2=Gutknecht \|first2=Jürg \|author2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|date=1988 \|title=The Oberon System: Report Number 88 \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:3180/eth-3180-01.pdf}}</ref> A later evolution was named ''Active Object System'' (AOS),<ref name="AOSthesis">{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Muller \|first=Pieter Johannes \|date=2002 \|title=The active object system design and multiprocessor implementation \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:26082/eth-26082-02.pdf \|publisher=Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]])}}</ref> then renamed ''Bluebottle'', then renamed ''[[A2 (operating system)\|A2]]''.		:[[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon System]] is a single user, object-oriented operating system made for the [[Ceres (workstation)\|Ceres]] line of [[workstation]]s (processor: [[National Semiconductor]] [[NS32000]]), developed in the later 1980s at [[ETH Zurich]] by [[Niklaus Wirth]] and [[Jürg Gutknecht]]. It is built entirely from modules of the programming language [[Oberon (programming language)\|Oberon]].<ref>{{cite report \|last1=Wirth \|first1=Niklaus \|author1-link=Niklaus Wirth \|last2=Gutknecht \|first2=Jürg \|author2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|date=1988 \|title=The Oberon System: Report Number 88 \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:3180/eth-3180-01.pdf}}</ref> A later evolution was named ''Active Object System'' (AOS),<ref name="AOSthesis">{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Muller \|first=Pieter Johannes \|date=2002 \|title=The active object system design and multiprocessor implementation \|url=http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:26082/eth-26082-02.pdf \|publisher=Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]])}}</ref> then renamed ''Bluebottle'', then renamed ''[[A2 (operating system)\|A2]]''.
	; OOSMOS		; OOSMOS
	:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.		:The Object-Oriented State Machine Operating System (OOSMOS), written in C, promotes object-oriented encapsulation and implements a full table-driven hierarchical state machine architecture. It generates C code directly from state charts drawn with the open source tool [[UMLet]]. OOSMOS also supports a unique feature call 'state threads' which allows a thread of execution per state. OOSMOS operates on a bare board or in cooperation with an existing operating system.

DigitalIceAge: /* Examples */ Link Berkeley Softworks

2023-05-24T19:29:56Z

Examples: Link Berkeley Softworks

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:29, 24 May 2023
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	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; GEOS		; GEOS
	:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by Berkeley Softworks in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.		:[[GEOS (16-bit operating system)\|PC/GEOS]] is a light-weight object-oriented multitasking graphical operating system with sophisticated window and desktop management featuring scalable fonts. It is mostly written in an object-oriented x86 assembly language dialect and some C/C++ and is designed to run on [[DOS]] (similar to Microsoft Windows up to [[Windows Me]]). GEOS was developed originally by [[Berkeley Softworks]] in 1990, which later became GeoWorks Corporation, and it is continued to be maintained by BreadBox Computer Company. Related [[software suite]]s were named ''Ensemble'' and ''New Deal Office''. Adaptations exist for various palmtops, and 32-bit systems with non-x86-CPUs.
	; Haiku		; Haiku
	:[[Haiku (operating system)\|Haiku]] (originally named ''OpenBeOS''), is an open-source replacement for BeOS. It reached its first development milestone in September 2009 with the release of Haiku R1/Alpha 1. The x86 distribution is compatible with BeOS at both source and binary level. Like BeOS, it is written primarily in [[C++]] and provides an object-oriented API. It is actively developed.		:[[Haiku (operating system)\|Haiku]] (originally named ''OpenBeOS''), is an open-source replacement for BeOS. It reached its first development milestone in September 2009 with the release of Haiku R1/Alpha 1. The x86 distribution is compatible with BeOS at both source and binary level. Like BeOS, it is written primarily in [[C++]] and provides an object-oriented API. It is actively developed.

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.3) (Whoop whoop pull up - 12943

2023-03-25T19:32:13Z

Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.3) (Whoop whoop pull up - 12943

← Previous revision		Revision as of 19:32, 25 March 2023
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	== Examples ==		== Examples ==
	; Athene		; Athene
	:Athene is an object-based operating system first released in 2000 by Rocklyte Systems.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Athene Operating System \|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/102230/ \|website=LWN.net \|access-date=13 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Rocklyte Systems \|url=http://www.rocklyte.com/ \|website=Rocklyte Systems}}</ref> The user environment was constructed entirely from objects that are linked together at runtime. Applications for Athene could also be created using this methodology and were commonly scripted using the object scripting language Dynamic Markup Language (DML). Objects could have been shared between processes by creating them in [[shared memory]] and locking them as needed for access. Athene's object framework was multi-platform, allowing it to be used in Windows and Linux environments for developing object-oriented programs. The company went defunct and the project abandoned sometime in 2009.		:Athene is an object-based operating system first released in 2000 by Rocklyte Systems.<ref>{{cite web \|title=The Athene Operating System \|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/102230/ \|website=LWN.net \|access-date=13 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Rocklyte Systems \|url=http://www.rocklyte.com/ \|website=Rocklyte Systems \|access-date=2007-02-18 \|archive-date=2006-11-03 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103022452/http://rocklyte.com/ \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The user environment was constructed entirely from objects that are linked together at runtime. Applications for Athene could also be created using this methodology and were commonly scripted using the object scripting language Dynamic Markup Language (DML). Objects could have been shared between processes by creating them in [[shared memory]] and locking them as needed for access. Athene's object framework was multi-platform, allowing it to be used in Windows and Linux environments for developing object-oriented programs. The company went defunct and the project abandoned sometime in 2009.
	; BeOS		; BeOS
	:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.		:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.
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	==External links==		==External links==
	{{Commonscat\|Object-oriented operating systems}}		{{Commonscat\|Object-oriented operating systems}}
	*[http://www.sonycsl.co.jp/project/Apertos/ Apertos]		*[http://www.sonycsl.co.jp/project/Apertos/ Apertos] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928175547/http://www.sonycsl.co.jp/project/Apertos/ \|date=2007-09-28 }}
	*[http://choices.cs.uiuc.edu/ Choices]		*[http://choices.cs.uiuc.edu/ Choices] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116064949/http://choices.cs.uiuc.edu/ \|date=2006-01-16 }}
	*[http://www.research.ibm.com/people/d/dfb/hermes.html Hermes], former IBM project		*[http://www.research.ibm.com/people/d/dfb/hermes.html Hermes], former IBM project
	*[https://www.oosmos.com/ OOSMOS]		*[https://www.oosmos.com/ OOSMOS]

← Previous revision		Revision as of 10:28, 12 April 2025
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	{{Cite thesis \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=1983 \|title=Medos-2: A Modula-2 Oriented Operating System for the Personal Computer Lilith \|type=PhD \|publisher=[[ETH Zurich]] \|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-000300091\|hdl=20.500.11850/137906 }}<!-- also at http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21975/eth-21975-02.pdf --></ref><ref>		{{Cite thesis \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=1983 \|title=Medos-2: A Modula-2 Oriented Operating System for the Personal Computer Lilith \|type=PhD \|publisher=[[ETH Zurich]] \|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-000300091\|hdl=20.500.11850/137906 }}<!-- also at http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21975/eth-21975-02.pdf --></ref><ref>
	{{Cite book \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=25 October 2000 \|chapter=Medos in Retrospect \|editor1-last=Böszörményi \|editor1-first=László \|editor2-last=Gutknecht \|editor2-first=Jürg \|editor2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|editor3-last=Pomberger \|editor3-first=Gustav \|title=The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity \|pages=69–86 \|publisher=Morgan Kaufmann \|isbn=978-1558607231}} {{ISBN\|1-55860-723-4}} & dpunkt, {{ISBN\|3-932588-85-1}}.</ref><ref>		{{Cite book \|last=Knudsen \|first=Svend Erik \|date=25 October 2000 \|chapter=Medos in Retrospect \|editor1-last=Böszörményi \|editor1-first=László \|editor2-last=Gutknecht \|editor2-first=Jürg \|editor2-link=Jürg Gutknecht \|editor3-last=Pomberger \|editor3-first=Gustav \|title=The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity \|pages=69–86 \|publisher=Morgan Kaufmann \|isbn=978-1558607231}} {{ISBN\|1-55860-723-4}} & dpunkt, {{ISBN\|3-932588-85-1}}.</ref><ref>
	{{Cite magazine \|last=Sand \|first=Paul A. \|date=September 1984 \|title=The Lilith Personal Computer \|magazine=[[Byte (magazine)\|Byte]] \|pages=300–311 \|url=https://archive.org/details/BYTE_Vol_09-10_1984-09_Computer_Graphics/page/n309/mode/2up \|access-date=6 March 2021}} Reprint.</ref> It was succeeded at ETH Zurich by the [[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon]] system, and a variant named ''[[Kronos (computer)#Operating system\|Excelsior]]'' was developed for the [[Kronos (computer)\|Kronos]] workstation, by the [[Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union]], Siberian branch, [[Novosibirsk]] Computing Center, Modular Asynchronous Developable Systems (MARS) project, Kronos Research Group (KRG).<ref name="Kronos-Excelsior">{{Cite web \|last1=Kuznetsov \|first1=D.N. \|last2=Nedorya \|first2=A.E. \|last3=Tarasov \|first3=E.V. \|last4=Filippov \|first4=V.E. \|date=<!-- Undated --> \|title=Kronos: a family of processors for high-level languages \|url=http://www.kronos.ru/literature/processors \|website=Kronos: History of a Project \|publisher=xTech \|language=ru \|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>		{{Cite magazine \|last=Sand \|first=Paul A. \|date=September 1984 \|title=The Lilith Personal Computer \|magazine=[[Byte (magazine)\|Byte]] \|pages=300–311 \|url=https://archive.org/details/BYTE_Vol_09-10_1984-09_Computer_Graphics/page/n309/mode/2up \|access-date=6 March 2021}} Reprint.</ref> It was succeeded at ETH Zurich by the [[Oberon (operating system)\|Oberon]] system (see also below), and a variant named ''[[Kronos (computer)#Operating system\|Excelsior]]'' was developed for the [[Kronos (computer)\|Kronos]] workstation, by the [[Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union]], Siberian branch, [[Novosibirsk]] Computing Center, Modular Asynchronous Developable Systems (MARS) project, Kronos Research Group (KRG).<ref name="Kronos-Excelsior">{{Cite web \|last1=Kuznetsov \|first1=D.N. \|last2=Nedorya \|first2=A.E. \|last3=Tarasov \|first3=E.V. \|last4=Filippov \|first4=V.E. \|date=<!-- Undated --> \|title=Kronos: a family of processors for high-level languages \|url=http://www.kronos.ru/literature/processors \|website=Kronos: History of a Project \|publisher=xTech \|language=ru \|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
	; Microsoft Singularity		; Microsoft Singularity
	:[[Singularity (operating system)\|Singularity]] is an experimental operating system based on Microsoft's [[.NET Framework]]. It is comparable to Java-based operating systems.		:[[Singularity (operating system)\|Singularity]] is an experimental operating system based on Microsoft's [[.NET Framework]]. It is comparable to Java-based operating systems.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:32, 12 August 2024
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	:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.		:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.
	; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices		; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices
	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review ~~(OSR)~~ \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; ETHOS		; ETHOS
	:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]		:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:13, 11 December 2023
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	:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.		:[[BeOS]]<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Sydow\|first1=Dan Parks\|title=Programming the Be operating system\|date=1999\|publisher=O'Reilly\|location=Beijing\|isbn=978-1-56592-467-3\|edition=1st}}</ref> was an object-oriented operating system released in 1995, which used objects and the [[C++]] language for the [[API\|application programming interface]] (API). The kernel was written in C with C++ wrappers in user space. The OS did not see mainstream usage and proved commercially unviable, however it has seen continued usage and development by a small enthusiast community.
	; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices		; {{Anchor\|Choices}}Choices
	:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].		:Choices is an object-oriented operating system developed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Campbell \|first1=Roy \|last2=Johnston \|first2=Garry \|last3=Russo \|first3=Vincent \|date=1 July 1987 \|title=Choices (Class Hierarchical Open Interface for Custom Embedded Systems) \|journal=SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (OSR) \|volume=21 \|issue=3 \|pages=9–17 \|doi=10.1145/29321.29323 \|s2cid=11935474 \|issn=0163-5980\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Choices \|url=http://choices.cs.illinois.edu/ \|website=choices.cs.illinois.edu}}</ref> It is written in [[C++]] and uses objects to represent core kernel components like the [[central processing unit]] (CPU), [[Process (computing)\|processes]], and so on. [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)\|Inheritance]] is used to separate the kernel into portable machine-independent classes and small non-portable dependent classes. Choices has been ported to and runs on [[SPARC]], [[x86]], and [[ARM architecture family\|ARM]].
	; ETHOS		; ETHOS
	:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]		:ETHOS was an experimental object oriented version of the Oberon System (see below) created by Clemens Szyperski for his PhD Thesis<ref>{{Cite thesis \|type=PhD \|last=Szyperski \|first=Clemens \|date=1992 \|title=Insight ETHOS: On Object-Orientation in Operating Systems \|publisher=[[ETH Zürich]] \|place=Zurich, Switzerland \|isbn=3-7281-1948-2}} [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:38713/eth-38713-02.pdf ETHZ ecollection].</ref> written in [[Oberon-2]]