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{{Short description|Term to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record}} |
{{Short description|Term to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record}} |
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'''First appearance datum''' (FAD) is a term used by [[geologist]]s and [[Paleontology|paleontologists]] to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record. FADs are determined by identifying the geologically oldest [[fossil]] discovered, to date, of a particular species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Landing|first1=Ed|last2=Geyer|first2=Gerd|last3=Brasier|first3=Martin D.|last4=Bowring|first4=Samuel A.|date=August 2013|title=Cambrian Evolutionary Radiation: Context, correlation, and chronostratigraphy—Overcoming deficiencies of the first appearance datum (FAD) concept|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ESRv..123..133L/abstract|journal=Earth-Science Reviews|volume=123|pages=135|doi=10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.03.008|bibcode=2013ESRv..123..133L|via=Astrophysics Data System}}</ref> A related term is last appearance datum (LAD), the last appearance of a species in the geologic record.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Last-appearance datum |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100052526 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422144821/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100052526 |archive-date=2021-04-22 |access-date= |
'''First appearance datum''' (FAD) is a term used by [[geologist]]s and [[Paleontology|paleontologists]] to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record. FADs are determined by identifying the geologically oldest [[fossil]] discovered, to date, of a particular species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Landing|first1=Ed|last2=Geyer|first2=Gerd|last3=Brasier|first3=Martin D.|last4=Bowring|first4=Samuel A.|date=August 2013|title=Cambrian Evolutionary Radiation: Context, correlation, and chronostratigraphy—Overcoming deficiencies of the first appearance datum (FAD) concept|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ESRv..123..133L/abstract|journal=Earth-Science Reviews|volume=123|pages=135|doi=10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.03.008|bibcode=2013ESRv..123..133L|via=Astrophysics Data System}}</ref> A related term is last appearance datum (LAD), the last appearance of a species in the geologic record.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Last-appearance datum |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100052526 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422144821/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100052526 |archive-date=2021-04-22 |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=Oxford Reference |language=en}}</ref> |
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FADs are frequently used to designate segments in the [[geologic time scale]]. A given FAD can be used to define a [[Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point]] (GSSP).<ref name=":0" /> For example, the beginning of the [[Tremadocian]] Stage of the [[Ordovician]] Period is marked by the first appearance of the [[conodont]] ''Iapetognathus fluctivagus'' in the geologic record. This occurs in [[Stratigraphy|bed]] 23 of the rock formation known as the Green Point section, located in western [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], as well as in geologically correlated [[Stratum|strata]] in many parts of the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International Commission on Stratigraphy|url=https://stratigraphy.org/gssps/|access-date= |
FADs are frequently used to designate segments in the [[geologic time scale]]. A given FAD can be used to define a [[Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point]] (GSSP).<ref name=":0" /> For example, the beginning of the [[Tremadocian]] Stage of the [[Ordovician]] Period is marked by the first appearance of the [[conodont]] ''Iapetognathus fluctivagus'' in the geologic record. This occurs in [[Stratigraphy|bed]] 23 of the rock formation known as the Green Point section, located in western [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], as well as in geologically correlated [[Stratum|strata]] in many parts of the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International Commission on Stratigraphy|url=https://stratigraphy.org/gssps/|access-date=2024-03-26|website=stratigraphy.org}}</ref> However, [[Diachronism|diachronous]] FADs can be problematic for correlating chronostratigraphic units, particularly over longer distances.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Servais|first1=Thomas|last2=Molyneux|first2=Stewart G.|last3=Li|first3=Jun|last4=Nowak|first4=Hendrik|last5=Rubinstein|first5=Claudia V.|last6=Vecoli|first6=Marco|last7=Wang|first7=Wen Hui|last8=Yan|first8=Kui|date=2018|title=First Appearance Datums (FADs) of selected acritarch taxa and correlation between Lower and Middle Ordovician stages|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/let.12248|journal=Lethaia|language=en|volume=51|issue=2|pages=248|doi=10.1111/let.12248|issn=1502-3931|hdl=20.500.12210/34398|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Use of other data, such as [[Radiometric dating|radiometric data]], may be ultimately necessary in order to establish more reliable correlations of chronostratigraphic units.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pasquo|first1=Mercedes di|last2=Grader|first2=George W.|last3=Isaacson|first3=Peter|last4=Souza|first4=Paulo A.|last5=Iannuzzi|first5=Roberto|last6=Díaz-Martínez|first6=Enrique|date=2015-10-03|title=Global biostratigraphic comparison and correlation of an early Cisuralian palynoflora from Bolivia|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2014.910204|journal=Historical Biology|volume=27|issue=7|pages=891|doi=10.1080/08912963.2014.910204|issn=0891-2963|s2cid=129872538|hdl=11336/80106|hdl-access=free}}</ref> |
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==See also == |
==See also == |
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*[[Biostratigraphy]] |
* [[Biostratigraphy]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* {{cite web|url=http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/161_SR/chap_16/c16_4.htm|title=Biostratigrahic Zonation|website=tamu.edu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222001746/http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/161_SR/chap_16/c16_4.htm|archive-date=2024-02-22|url-status=dead}} |
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* {{cite web|url=https://stratigraphy.org/gssps/|title=Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points - lists FADs associated with GSSPs|publisher=[[International Commission on Stratigraphy]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111040625/https://stratigraphy.org/gssps/|archive-date=2024-01-11|url-status=live}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:First Appearance Datum}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:First Appearance Datum}} |
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Latest revision as of 10:23, 26 March 2024
First appearance datum (FAD) is a term used by geologists and paleontologists to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record. FADs are determined by identifying the geologically oldest fossil discovered, to date, of a particular species.[1] A related term is last appearance datum (LAD), the last appearance of a species in the geologic record.[2]
FADs are frequently used to designate segments in the geologic time scale. A given FAD can be used to define a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP).[1] For example, the beginning of the Tremadocian Stage of the Ordovician Period is marked by the first appearance of the conodont Iapetognathus fluctivagus in the geologic record. This occurs in bed 23 of the rock formation known as the Green Point section, located in western Newfoundland, as well as in geologically correlated strata in many parts of the world.[3] However, diachronous FADs can be problematic for correlating chronostratigraphic units, particularly over longer distances.[1][4] Use of other data, such as radiometric data, may be ultimately necessary in order to establish more reliable correlations of chronostratigraphic units.[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Landing, Ed; Geyer, Gerd; Brasier, Martin D.; Bowring, Samuel A. (August 2013). "Cambrian Evolutionary Radiation: Context, correlation, and chronostratigraphy—Overcoming deficiencies of the first appearance datum (FAD) concept". Earth-Science Reviews. 123: 135. Bibcode:2013ESRv..123..133L. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.03.008 – via Astrophysics Data System.
- ^ "Last-appearance datum". Oxford Reference. Archived from the original on 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
- ^ "International Commission on Stratigraphy". stratigraphy.org. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
- ^ Servais, Thomas; Molyneux, Stewart G.; Li, Jun; Nowak, Hendrik; Rubinstein, Claudia V.; Vecoli, Marco; Wang, Wen Hui; Yan, Kui (2018). "First Appearance Datums (FADs) of selected acritarch taxa and correlation between Lower and Middle Ordovician stages". Lethaia. 51 (2): 248. doi:10.1111/let.12248. hdl:20.500.12210/34398. ISSN 1502-3931.
- ^ Pasquo, Mercedes di; Grader, George W.; Isaacson, Peter; Souza, Paulo A.; Iannuzzi, Roberto; Díaz-Martínez, Enrique (2015-10-03). "Global biostratigraphic comparison and correlation of an early Cisuralian palynoflora from Bolivia". Historical Biology. 27 (7): 891. doi:10.1080/08912963.2014.910204. hdl:11336/80106. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 129872538.
External links
[edit]- "Biostratigrahic Zonation". tamu.edu. Archived from the original on 2024-02-22.
- "Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points - lists FADs associated with GSSPs". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2024-01-11.
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