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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{yearbox|
{{Events by month|1993}}
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[[File:1993 Events Collage.png|From left, clockwise: [[Ramzi Yousef]] and other [[Islamic terrorism|Islamic terrorists]] [[1993 World Trade Center bombing|detonate a truck bomb]] in the subterranean garage of [[List of tenants in 1 World Trade Center (1971–2001)|the North Tower]] of the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] in [[New York City]], killing 7 also known as the World Trade Center bombing; the [[White House (Moscow)|Russian White House]] is shelled during a [[1993 Russian constitutional crisis|constitutional crisis]] after Russian president [[Boris Yeltsin]] imposed a [[self-coup]]; [[Czechoslovakia]] is peacefully [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia|dissolved]] into the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]]; in the U.S., the [[ATF]] [[Waco siege|besieges]] a compound belonging to [[David Koresh]] and the [[Branch Davidians]] in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside; [[Eritrea]] overwhelmingly votes to gain [[1993 Eritrean independence referendum|independence]] from [[Ethiopia]]; [[1993 Storm of the Century|a major snow storm]] passes over the [[United States|U.S.]] and [[Canada]], leading to 318 fatalities; [[drug lord]] and [[narcoterrorism|narcoterrorist]] [[Pablo Escobar]] is killed by [[Military Forces of Colombia|Colombian special forces]]; the [[Oslo I Accord]] is signed in an attempt to resolve the [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]].|300x300px|thumb|right]]
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{{Year dab|1993}}
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{{Year nav|1993}}
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{{C20 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1993}}


The [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly of the United Nations]] designated 1993 as:
yp1=1990 |
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People<ref>{{cite web |title=International Year for the World's Indigenous People, 1993 : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly |url=https://www.refworld.org/legal/resolution/unga/1992/en/29286 |website=UNHCR |access-date=27 May 2025}}</ref>
yp2=1991 |
yp3=1992 |
year=1993 |
ya1=1994 |
ya2=1995 |
ya3=1996 |


The year 1993 in the [[Kwajalein Atoll]] in the [[Marshall Islands]] had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the [[Eastern Hemisphere]] side of the [[International Date Line]], skipping [[August 21]], 1993.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html |title=In Marshall Islands, Friday Is Followed by Sunday |work=[[New York Times]] |author=[[Associated Press]] |date=August 22, 1993 |access-date=May 8, 2022 |df=dmy-all |archive-date=October 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011093207/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
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{{TOC limit|2}}
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d=1990s |
dn1=2000s |
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}}
{{C20YearInTopic}}
'''1993''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXCIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Gregorian calendar]] and marked the ''Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003)''.


==Events==
==Events==


<!-- IF THIS CHRONOLOGY IS SPLIT INTO SEPARATE ARTICLES, please categorize the individual month articles using, for example, [[Category:1993|*1993-01]] as per [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Year categories]] -->
===January===
===January===
* [[January 1]]
[[Image:Bill Clinton.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Bill Clinton]] inaugurated as [[President of the United States]].]]
* [[January 1]] - [[Czechoslovakia]] divides. Establishment of independent [[Slovakia]] and [[Czech Republic]].
** [[Czechoslovakia]] ceases to exist, as the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]] separate in the [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia]].
** The [[European Economic Community]] eliminates trade barriers and creates a European [[single market]].
* [[January 3]] - In [[Moscow]], [[George H. W. Bush]] and [[Boris Yeltsin]] sign the second [[Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty]] (START).
** [[International Radio and Television Organization]] ceases.
* [[January 5]] - [[Washington|Washington State]] executes [[Westley Allan Dodd]] by [[hanging]] (the first legal hanging in America since [[1965]])
* [[January 3]] – In Moscow, Presidents [[George H. W. Bush]] (United States) and [[Boris Yeltsin]] (Russia) sign the [[START II|second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty]].
* [[January 9]] - [[Jean-Claude Romand]] kills his family and tries to burn himself with his home in France
* [[January 5]]
* [[January 15]] - [[Salvatore Riina]], the [[Mafia]] boss known as 'The Beast', is arrested in [[Sicily]] after three-decades as a fugitive
** US$7.4&nbsp;million is stolen from the [[Brink's]] Armored Car Depot in [[Rochester, New York]], in the fifth largest robbery in U.S. history.
* [[January 18]] - For the first time, [[Martin Luther King Day|Martin Luther King Jr. holiday]] is officially observed in all 50 [[U.S. state|American states]].
** {{MV|Braer}}, a [[Liberia]]n-registered [[oil tanker]], runs aground off the Scottish island of [[Mainland, Shetland]], causing a massive oil spill.
* [[January 19]] - [[International Business Machines|IBM]] announces a $4.97 billion loss for [[1992]] which is the largest single-year corporate loss in [[United States]] history
* [[January 6]]
* [[January 19]] - [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: [[Iraq]] refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq, and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and [[Kuwait]], and the northern [[Iraqi no-fly zones|No-Fly Zone]]. US forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at [[Baghdad]] factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program. Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights
** [[Douglas Hurd]] is the first high-ranking British official to visit [[Argentina]] since the [[Falklands War]].
* [[January 20]] - [[Bill Clinton]] succeeds [[George H. W. Bush]] as [[President of the United States of America]]
** [[January 6]]–[[January 20|20]] – The [[Bombay riots]] take place in [[Mumbai]].
* [[January 25]] - [[Catherine Callbeck]] becomes Premier of [[Prince Edward Island]], becoming the first female Premier to be elected in [[Canada]]. ([[Rita Johnston]] was Canada's first female Premier but was not elected)
* [[January 7]] – The [[Fourth Republic of Ghana]] is inaugurated, with [[Jerry Rawlings]] as president.
* [[January 25]] - [[Mir Aimal Kasi]] fires a rifle and kills two employees outside [[CIA]] headquarters in [[Langley, Virginia]], USA
* [[January 8]]–[[January 17|17]] – The [[Braer Storm of January 1993]], the most intense [[extratropical cyclone]] on record for the northern Atlantic Ocean, occurs.
* [[January 26]] - [[Václav Havel]] elected President of the [[Czech Republic]]
* [[January 13]]
** The [[Chemical Weapons Convention]] (CWC) is signed.
** [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: [[January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq|US, British and French aircraft attack Iraqi Surface to Air Missile sites in Southern Iraq]].
* [[January 14]] – The Polish ferry {{MS|Jan Heweliusz}} [[Sinking of the MS Jan Heweliusz|sinks]] off the coast of [[Rügen]] in the [[Baltic Sea]], killing 54 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=1993-01-15 |title=54 Die as Polish Ferry Capsizes in Baltic Sea |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/15/world/54-die-as-polish-ferry-capsizes-in-baltic-sea.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[January 19]] – Iraq disarmament crisis: [[Iraq]] refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and [[Kuwait]], and the northern [[Iraqi no-fly zones]]. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at [[Baghdad]] factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program (→ [[January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq]]). Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.
* [[January 24]] – In [[Turkey]], thousands protest against the murder of journalist [[Uğur Mumcu]].
* [[January 25]] – [[Social Democrats (Denmark)|Social Democrat]] [[Poul Nyrup Rasmussen]] succeeds [[Conservative People's Party (Denmark)|Conservative]] [[Poul Schlüter]] as [[Prime Minister of Denmark]].
* [[January 26]] – [[Václav Havel]] is elected President of the Czech Republic.
* [[January 30]] – The [[B Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Red Line]] (later known as the B Line) officially begins service in [[Los Angeles]], becoming the first underground [[rapid transit]] line to open in almost 70 years.


===February===
=== February ===
[[Image:WTC 1993 ATF.jpg|thumb|180px|The aftermath of the [[1993 World Trade Center bombing]].]]
[[File:WTC 1993 ATF Commons.jpg|thumb|150px|The aftermath of the [[World Trade Center bombing]].]]
* [[February 4]] – Members of the right-wing Austrian [[Freedom Party of Austria]] split to form the [[Liberal Forum]] in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party.
* [[February 8]] - [[General Motors]] sues [[NBC]] after ''[[Dateline NBC]]'' allegedly rigged two crashes showing that some GM pickups can easily catch fire if hit in certain places. NBC settles the lawsuit the following day.
* [[February 10]]
* [[February 11]] - [[Janet Reno]] is selected by [[Bill Clinton|President Clinton]] as US Attorney General.
** [[Lien Chan]] is named by [[Lee Teng-hui]] to succeed [[Hau Pei-tsun]] as [[Premier of the Republic of China]].
* [[February 12]] - 11-year-old boys Robert Thompson and John Venables kill 2-year-old [[James Bulger]] in [[Liverpool]].
** ''[[Mani pulite]]'' scandal: Italian legislator [[Claudio Martelli]] resigns, followed by various politicians over the next two weeks.
* [[February 17]] - Ferry in [[Haiti]] sinks - 285 survivors of maybe 1500 passengers
* [[February 14]]
* [[February 23]] - [[Gary Coleman]] wins a $1,280,000 [[lawsuit]] against his parents.
** [[Glafcos Clerides]] defeats incumbent [[George Vasiliou]] in the Cypriot presidential election.
* [[February 26]] - [[World Trade Center bombing]]: In [[New York City]], a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the [[World Trade Center]] goes off, killing 6 and injuring over a thousand.
** [[Albert Zafy]] defeats [[Didier Ratsiraka]] in the Madagascar presidential election.
* [[February 28]] - [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms]] agents raid the [[Branch Davidian]] compound in [[Waco, Texas]] with a warrant to arrest [[cult]] leader [[David Koresh]] on federal firearms violations. Four agents and five Davidians die in the raid and a 51-day standoff begins.
* [[February 22]] – [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 808]] is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in [[Yugoslavia]]. The tribunal is established on [[May 25]] by [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 827|Resolution 827]].
* [[February 26]] – [[World Trade Center bombing]]: In New York City, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the [[World Trade Center (1973-2001)|World Trade Center]] explodes, killing six people and injuring over one thousand.


===March===
===March===
* [[March 5]] – [[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonian]] [[Palair]] [[Palair Macedonian Airlines Flight 301|Flight 301]], an [[Fokker 100|F-100]] on a flight to [[Zürich]], crashes shortly after take-off from [[Skopje]], killing 83 of the 97 on board.
* [[March]] - First issue of [[Wired magazine]].
* [[March 8]] – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincided was in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081215031654/http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 15, 2008|title=Closest Full Moon since March 8, 1993}}</ref>
* [[March 4]] - Authorities announce the capture of suspected [[World Trade Center bombing]] conspirator [[Mohammad Salameh]]
* [[March 11]] – [[Janet Reno]] is confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/12/us/reno-is-confirmed-in-top-justice-job.html|title=Reno is confirmed in top justice job|last=Ifill|first=Gwen|date=March 12, 1993|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 27, 2018|language=en|archive-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624010549/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/12/us/reno-is-confirmed-in-top-justice-job.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[March 9]] - [[Rodney King]] testifies at the federal trial of four [[Los Angeles, California]] police officers accused of violating King's [[civil rights]] when they beat him during an arrest
* [[March 12]]
* [[March 11]] - [[Janet Reno]] is confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] and sworn-in the next day becoming the first female [[Attorney General of the United States]]
* [[March 12]] - Several bombs explode in [[Bombay]], [[India]] killing about 300 and injuring hundreds more. See [[Bombay bombings (1993)]]
** [[1993 Bombay bombings]]: Several bombs explode in [[Mumbai|Bombay]], India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more.
* [[March 12]] - [[North Korea nuclear weapons program]]: [[North Korea]] says that it plans to withdraw from the [[Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty]] and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites
** [[North Korea nuclear weapons program]]: [[North Korea]] announces that it plans to withdraw from the [[Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty]] and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the [[1994 North Korean nuclear crisis|1993-94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis]].
* [[March 13]]–[[March 15|15]] – The [[1993 Storm of the Century|Great Blizzard of 1993]] strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from [[Cuba]] to [[Quebec]]; it reportedly kills 184 people.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Armstrong|first1=Tim|title=Superstorm of 1993: "Storm of the Century"|url=http://www.weather.gov/ilm/Superstorm93|website=NOAA|access-date=February 12, 2017|archive-date=July 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714033914/https://www.weather.gov/ilm/Superstorm93|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] - The [[Grea
* [[March 13]] – [[1993 Australian federal election]]: [[Paul Keating]]'s [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] [[Keating government|government]] is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]/[[National Party of Australia|National]] [[Coalition (Australia)|Coalition]] led by [[John Hewson]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://australianpolitics.com/elections/federal-1993|title=1993 Federal Election &#124; AustralianPolitics.com|website=australianpolitics.com|access-date=February 23, 2021|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224101728/https://australianpolitics.com/elections/federal-1993|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[March 17]] – The [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]] announces a unilateral [[ceasefire]] in [[Iraq]].
* [[March 24]]
** The Israeli [[Knesset]] elects [[Ezer Weizman]] as [[President of Israel]].
** South Africa officially abandons its [[South Africa and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear weapons programme]]. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in [[1989]].
* [[March 27]]
** [[Jiang Zemin]] becomes [[President of the People's Republic of China]].
** Following a rash of [[Integrism|integrist]] murders (including those of foreigners), [[Algeria]] breaks [[Algeria–Iran relations|diplomatic relations with Iran]], accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs.
** [[Mahamane Ousmane]] is elected president of [[Niger]].
* [[March 28]] – [[1993 French legislative election]]: [[Rally for the Republic]] (Gaullist party) wins a majority and [[Édouard Balladur]] becomes [[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]].
* [[March 29]] – The [[65th Academy Awards]], hosted by [[Billy Crystal]], are held at the [[Dorothy Chandler Pavilion]] in [[Los Angeles]], with ''[[Unforgiven]]'' winning [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]].


===April===
===April===
* April–May – [[1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak]]: Thirteen people are killed by [[Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome]], mainly in the [[Southwestern United States]].
* [[April]] - The [[Kuwait]]i government claims to uncover an [[Iraq]]i assassination plot against former US President [[George H. W. Bush]] shortly after his visit to Kuwait. Two Iraqi nationals, caught with smuggled [[hashish]] and alcohol inside Kuwait, confess to driving a car-bomb into Kuwait on behalf of the [[Iraqi Intelligence Service|Iraq Secret Service]] [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/content/?020930fr_archive02]
* April–October – [[Great Flood of 1993]]: The [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] and [[Missouri River]]s flood large portions of the American Midwest.
* [[April 6]] - Russian [[nuclear accident]] at [[Tomsk 7]]
* [[April 8]] – The [[Republic of Macedonia]] is admitted to the [[United Nations]] under a provisional reference "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia".
* April 6 - [[HMS Richmond (F239)|HMS Richmond]] launched for the [[Royal Navy]]
* [[April 11]] – Four hundred fifty prisoners [[riot|rioted]] at the [[Southern Ohio Correctional Facility]] in [[Lucasville, Ohio]], and continued to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of [[Nation of Islam]] prisoners (for [[tuberculosis]]) against their religious beliefs.
* [[April 7]] - Attack submarine [[USS Queenfish (SSN-651)|ex-Queenfish]] completes being [[Ship-Submarine recycling program|recycled]]
* [[April 16]] – [[Bosnian War]]: the enclave of [[Srebrenica]] is declared a UN-protected "safe area". Also members of the Jokeri unit of the [[Croatian Defence Council|HVO]] entered the village of [[Ahmići massacre|Ahmići]] and killed 120 muslim residents.
* [[April 10]] -[[African National Congress|ANC]] activist [[Chris Hani]] assassinated in [[South Africa]]
* [[April 19]] – [[Waco siege]]: A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near [[Waco, Texas]], ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including [[David Koresh]].
*[[April 18]]- [[Joseph Wallace]], a 3 year old child whose child abuse related death spurs massive changes in the [[child welfare system]] in the state of [[Illinois]] is killed by his mother in their [[Chicago]] apartment
* [[April 20]] – The [[Council for National Academic Awards]], the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom, is officially dissolved.
* [[April 19]]- A 51-day stand-off at the [[Branch Davidian]] building near [[Waco, Texas|Waco]], [[Texas]], ends with a fire that kills seventy-six people, including [[David Koresh]].
** [[Backstreet Boys]] were formed in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], [[Florida]].
* [[April 22]] - In [[Washington, DC]], the [[Holocaust Memorial Museum]] is dedicated
* [[April 21]] – The Supreme Court in [[La Paz]], [[Bolivia]], sentences former dictator [[Luis Garcia Meza]] to 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution.
* [[April 22]] - Murder of [[Stephen Lawrence]], [[London]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]
* [[April 23]]
* [[April 23]] - [[World Health Organization|WHO]] declares [[tuberculosis]] a Global Emergency
** The [[World Health Organization]] declares [[tuberculosis]] a global emergency.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Rise in TB declared a global emergency |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/rise-in-tb-declared-a-global-emergency-1456999.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20221129084150/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/rise-in-tb-declared-a-global-emergency-1456999.html |archive-date=2022-11-29 |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The Independent |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* [[April 24]] - [[Bishopsgate Bomb]] explodes in the [[City of London]] - 1 dead, 50 injured
** [[Eritrea]]ns vote overwhelmingly for independence from [[Ethiopia]] in a [[United Nations]]-monitored referendum, the [[1993 Eritrean independence referendum]].
* [[April 30]] - The [[World Wide Web]] was born at [[CERN]]
* [[April 26]] – [[Oscar Luigi Scalfaro]] appoints [[Carlo Azeglio Ciampi]] [[Prime Minister of Italy]].
* [[April 27]]
** [[Eritrea]]: Eritrean independence is declared verified by the [[United Nations]].
** [[1993 Yemeni parliamentary election]]: The [[General People's Congress (Yemen)|General People's Congress of Yemen]] wins a [[Plurality (voting)|plurality]] of 121 seats.
** [[1993 Zambia national football team plane crash]]: All members of the [[Zambia national football team]] die in a [[plane crash]] off Libreville, Gabon en route to [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]].
* [[April 30]] – Tennis player [[Monica Seles]] – at this time the top-ranked player in women's tennis – is stabbed during a match at the [[1993 Citizen Cup]] in [[Hamburg]], [[Germany]].


===May===
===May===
* [[May 1]] – [[Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa]]: During a [[International Workers' Day|May Day]] rally, [[President of Sri Lanka]] [[Ranasinghe Premadasa]] is assassinated by a [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] [[Suicide Bomber|suicide bomber]]. [[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka|Prime Minister]] [[Dingiri Banda Wijetunga]] succeeds Premadasa as the 3rd executive president of [[Sri Lanka]].
* [[May 1]] - Former [[prime minister]] of [[France]] [[Pierre Bérégovoy]] commits [[suicide]]
* [[May 1]] - A [[Tamil Tigers]] [[suicide bomber]] assassinates President [[Ranasinghe Premadasa]] of [[Sri Lanka]]
* [[May 4]] – [[UNOSOM II]] assumes the [[Somalia]]n duties of the dissolved [[UNITAF]].
* [[May 9]] – [[Juan Carlos Wasmosy]] becomes the first democratically elected [[President of Paraguay]] in nearly 40 years, after defeating [[Domingo Laíno]] in the [[1993 Paraguayan general election]].
* [[May 24]] - [[Eritrea]]n independence
* [[May 15]] – [[Niamh Kavanagh]] wins the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1993|Eurovision Song Contest]] for Ireland with ''[[In Your Eyes (Niamh Kavanagh song)|In Your Eyes]]''.
* [[May 27]] - A car bomb in the [[Uffizi Gallery]] in [[Florence]] - 5 dead - [[Mafia]] suspected
* [[May 16]] – The [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] elects Prime Minister [[Süleyman Demirel]] as [[President of Turkey]]. After Demirel becomes president, the acting [[Prime Minister of Turkey]] is [[Erdal İnönü]] of [[Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)|Social Democratic Populist Party]] for 40 days.
* [[May 19]] – [[SAM Colombia Flight 501]], a [[Boeing 727-46]], [[Aviation accidents and incidents|crashed]] during its approach to [[José María Córdova International Airport]], Colombia, killing all 132 occupants onboard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accident Boeing 727-46 HK-2422X, Wednesday 19 May 1993 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/325264 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Crash of a Boeing 727-46 on Mt Páramo Frontino: 132 killed {{!}} Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives |url=https://www.baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-boeing-727-46-mt-paramo-frontino-132-killed |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.baaa-acro.com}}</ref>
* [[May 24]] – [[Eritrea]] gains independence from [[Ethiopia]].
* [[May 25]] – The [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]] is created in [[The Hague]].
* [[May 28]] – Eritrea and [[Monaco]] gain entry to the United Nations.


===June===
===June===
* [[June 1]]
* [[June 6]] - [[Mongolia]] holds its first direct presidential [[election]]s
** Large protests erupt against [[Slobodan Milošević]]'s regime in [[Belgrade]]; opposition leader [[Vuk Drašković]] and his wife Danica are arrested.
* [[June 8]] - In [[Paris]], [[Christian Didier]] breaks into the home of [[Rene Bousquet]], banker and former [[Vichy France]] administrator and shoots him dead
** [[President of Guatemala]] [[Jorge Serrano Elías]] is forced to flee the country after an attempted [[self-coup]].
* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Los Angeles Police Department]] raids the home of Hollywood Madame [[Heidi Fleiss]]
** [[1993 Burundian presidential election]]: The first multiparty elections in Burundi since the country's independence lead to the election of [[Melchior Ndadaye]], leader of the [[Front for Democracy in Burundi]]. The next day's [[1993 Burundian legislative election|legislative election]] sees his party win with an overwhelming majority.
* [[June 9]] - [[Montreal Canadiens]] win their 24th [[Stanley Cup]]
* [[June 5]]
* [[June 14]]? - [[Tansu Ciller]] becomes [[prime minister of Turkey]]
** The [[National Assembly of Venezuela]] designates [[Ramón José Velásquez]] as successor of suspended [[President of Venezuela|President]] [[Carlos Andrés Pérez]].
* [[June 18]] - [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.
** [[June 1993 attack on Pakistani military in Somalia|Attack on Pakistani military in Somalia]]: twenty-four [[Pakistan]]i troops in the [[United Nations Operation in Somalia II|United Nations forces]] are killed in [[Mogadishu]], [[Somalia]].
* [[June 22]] - [[Japan]]'s [[New Party Sakigake]] breaks away from the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]].
* [[June 6]]
* [[June 23]] - [[Lorena Bobbitt]] cuts off the [[penis]] of her husband [[John Wayne Bobbitt]].
** Following the [[Revolutionary Nationalist Movement]]'s [[1993 Bolivian general election|victory]], [[Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada]] becomes President of Bolivia.
* [[July 23]] - [[Candelaria massacre]] - police shoot number of street kids in [[Candelaria Church]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]]
** [[Mongolia]] holds its first direct [[1993 Mongolian presidential election|presidential elections]], [[Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat]] remains president.
* [[June 22]] - [[Unabomber]] bomb injures Charles Epstein in [[Tiburon, California]]
* [[June 8]] – [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)|Kurdish–Turkish conflict]]: the [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]]-declared [[1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire|ceasefire]] ends in [[Iraq]].
* [[June 24]] - [[Unabomber]] bomb injures computer scientist David Gelernter in [[Yale University]]
* [[June 11]] – ''[[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]'' releases in cinemas in the United States.
* [[June 24]] - [[Andrew Wiles]] ins worldwide fame after presenting his solution for Fermat's Last Theorem, a problem that has been unsolved for more than three centuries.
* [[June 14]] – Multipartyists win [[1993 Malawian democracy referendum|a referendum]] on the future of the one-party system in [[Malawi]].
* [[June 25]] - [[Kim Campbell]] becomes [[Canada]]'s nineteenth and first female [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
* [[June 18]]
* [[June 27]] - US President [[Bill Clinton]] orders a cruise missile attack on [[Iraq | Iraqi]] intelligence headquarters in the [[Al-Mansur]] District, [[Baghdad]], in response to the attempted assassination of former U.S. President [[George H. W. Bush]] during his visit to [[Kuwait]] in mid-April
** [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: Iraq refuses to allow [[United Nations Special Commission|UNSCOM]] weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.
* [[June 27]] - In [[Bad Kleinen]], [[Germany]], [[GSG 9]] troopers arrest terrorists [[Birgit Hogefeld]] and [[Wolfgang Grams]]
** [[KTTV]] launched [[Good Day L.A.]]
* [[June 22]] – Japan's [[New Party Sakigake]] breaks away from the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]].
* [[June 24]] – UK mathematician [[Andrew Wiles]] wins worldwide fame after presenting his proof of [[Fermat's Last Theorem]], a problem that had been unsolved for more than three centuries.
* [[June 25]]
** [[Kim Campbell]] becomes the 19th, and first female, [[Prime Minister of Canada]].
** [[Tansu Çiller]] of [[True Path Party (Turkey)|True Path Party]] forms the new government of [[Turkey]].
** [[Zoran Lilić]] succeeds [[Dobrica Ćosić]] as [[President of Serbia and Montenegro|President of Yugoslavia]].
** The [[Lithuanian litas|litas]] is introduced as the new currency of [[Lithuania]].
** [[Jacques Attali]] resigns as President of the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]].
* [[June 26]]–[[June 28|28]] – [[Typhoon Koryn (1993)|Typhoon Koryn]] causes massive damage to the [[Philippines]], China and [[Macau]].
* [[June 27]] – U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] orders a [[Cruise missile strikes on Iraq (June 1993)|cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters]] in the [[Al-Mansur]] District of [[Baghdad]], in response to an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. President [[George H. W. Bush]] during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.
* [[June 29]] – The first [[Mobile phone|mobile]] [[Telephone call|phone call]] was made in [[Greece]], marking the launch of [[mobile telephony]] services in the country by [[Nova (Greece)|Telestet (now NOVA)]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Χαλαβαζής |first=Πάνος |date=2021-06-29 |title=Σαν σήμερα το 1993 "γεννήθηκε" η κινητή τηλεφωνία στην Ελλάδα από την Telestet |url=https://www.ictplus.gr/san-simera-to-1993-gennithike-i-kiniti-tilefonia-stin-ellada-apo-tin-telestet/ |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=ICTPLUS |language=el}}</ref>


===July===
===July===
* [[July 5]]
* [[July 1]] - [[Gian Luigi Ferry]] shoots 8 and injures 6 in "Pettit and Martin" law firm in [[San Francisco]], then shoots himself
* [[July 5]] - [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to UNSCOM demands and the inspection teams return
** [[Iraq disarmament crisis]]: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to [[UNSCOM]] demands and the inspection teams return.
** Electrochemist [[Faiza Al-Kharafi]] is appointed rector (president) of [[Kuwait University]], the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East.
* [[July 12]] - A [[Richter scale|magnitude]] 7.8 [[earthquake]] off [[Hokkaido Prefecture|Hokkaido]], [[Japan]] launches a devastating [[tsunami]], killing 202 on the small island of [[Okushiri, Hokkaido]]
* [[July 16]] - Version 1.00 of the [[Slackware]] [[GNU/Linux distribution]] is released.
* [[July 7]]–[[July 9|9]] – The [[19th G7 summit]] is held in Tokyo, Japan.
* [[July 8]] – [[1993 India floods|Monsoonal floods in South Asia]] begin, going on to kill more than three thousand people over the next month.<ref name="dartmouth-register">{{Cite web|title=1993 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm|archive-date=2003-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031018232924/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=MONSOON FLOODS SPREAD DESTRUCTION ACROSS SOUTH ASIA, KILLING 3,000|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/07/31/monsoon-floods-spread-destruction-across-south-asia-killing-3000/daf85676-a95d-4f2f-a755-731f47d7a22e/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=S. Asia Floods Kill 4,200; More Deaths Feared|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-07-27-mn-17522-story.html}}</ref>
* [[July 20]] - [[White House]] deputy counsel [[Vincent W. Foster Jr]] commits suicide in Virginia
* [[July 11|July 7]] – [[Hurricane Calvin (1993)|Hurricane Calvin]] lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane on record to land in Mexico in July and kills 34.
* [[July 23]] - [[Candelaria Massacre]] ? [[Brazil]]ian police officers kill 8 street kids in [[Rio de Janeiro]]
* [[July 12]] – The 7.7 {{M|w}} [[1993 Okushiri earthquake|Hokkaidō earthquake]] affects northern Japan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe'') and triggers a devastating [[tsunami]] that kills 230 on the small island of [[Okushiri, Hokkaido]].
* [[July 29]] - The [[Israeli Supreme Court]] acquits accused [[Nazi]] death camp guard [[John Demjanjuk]] of all charges and he is set free.
* [[July 31]] - [[Windows NT 3.1]] has been released with the support of [[NTFS]] file system.
* [[July 19]] – [[1993 Japanese general election]]: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power.
* [[July 25]] – In a [[terrorist attack]] members of the [[Azanian People's Liberation Army]] open fire on a congregation inside [[Saint James' Church Massacre|St James Church]] in [[Kenilworth, Cape Town]], killing eleven and injuring fifty.<ref name="Jeffery">{{Jeffery-People's War}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=TRC Reports on St James Church Massacre|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/trc-reports-st-james-church-massacre-video|website=South African History Online|publisher=Truth and Reconciliation Commission|access-date=January 31, 2015|quote=A terrorist attack on St. James Church in Cape Town, South Africa left 11 people dead and 58 wounded.|archive-date=January 31, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131152112/http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/trc-reports-st-james-church-massacre-video|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[July 26]]
** [[Miguel Indurain]] wins the [[1993 Tour de France]].
** [[Asiana Airlines Flight 733]] crashes into Mt. Ungeo in [[Haenam]], South Korea; 68 are killed.
* [[July 29]] – The [[Israeli Supreme Court]] acquits accused [[Nazi]] death camp guard [[John Demjanjuk]] of all charges and he is set free.


===August===
===August===
* August – The [[European Exchange Rate Mechanism]] margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate [[speculation]] against the [[French franc]] and other currencies.
* [[August 4]] - A federal judge sentences [[Los Angeles Police Department|LAPD]] officers [[Stacey Koon]] and [[Laurence Powell]] to 30 months in prison for violating motorist [[Rodney King]]'s [[civil rights]]
* August 3 -- The premiere of the pilot episode of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers beginning the Power Rangers franchise
* [[August 5]] - Popular TCG [[Magic: the Gathering]] is released.
* [[August 6]] - [[Louis Freeh]] is confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] to be the director of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]].
* [[August 5]] – The discovery of the [[Tel Dan Stele]], the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the [[Davidic line]], announced.
* [[August 9]] - King [[Albert II of Belgium|Albert II]] of [[Belgium]] is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King [[Baudouin of Belgium|Baudouin]]
* [[August 9]] – King [[Albert II of Belgium]] is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King [[Baudouin of Belgium|Baudouin I]].
* [[August 13]] – More than 130 die in the [[Collapse of the Royal Plaza Hotel|collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel]] at [[Nakhon Ratchasima]] in [[Thailand]]'s worst hotel disaster.
* [[August 16]] - The [[Debian]] [[GNU/Linux distribution]] is founded by [[Ian Murdock]].
* [[August 21]] - [[NASA]] loses radio contact with the [[Mars Observer]] orbiter three days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around [[Mars (planet)|Mars]]
* [[August 21]] – [[NASA]] loses radio contact with the [[Mars Observer]] orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around [[Mars]].
* [[August 24]] - [[Ukraine]] Independance Day
* [[August 28]]
**[[Ong Teng Cheong]] becomes the first [[President of Singapore]] elected by the population.
**The first ''[[Power Rangers]]'' series, ''[[Mighty Morphin Power Rangers]]'' (an adaptation of ''[[Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger]]''), [[Day of the Dumpster|premieres]] in the United States.
* [[August 31]] – Russia completes removing its troops from [[Lithuania]].


===September===
===September===
* [[September 13]]
[[Image:Rabin at peace talks.jpg|thumb|250px|[[PLO]] leader [[Yasir Arafat]] and [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]], with US President, [[Bill Clinton]].]]
** [[1993 Norwegian parliamentary election]]: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats and Prime Minister [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] retains office.
* [[September 13]] - [[PLO]] leader [[Yasir Arafat]] and [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]] shake hands in Washington D.C., after signing a peace accord.
** [[Oslo I Accord]]: Following initially secret talks from earlier in the year, [[PLO]] leader [[Yasser Arafat]] and [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]] shake hands in Washington, D.C. after signing a peace accord.
* [[September 13]] - [[Late Night with Conan O'Brien]] premieres on NBC.
* [[September 15]]–[[September 21|21]] – [[Hurricane Gert (1993)|Hurricane Gert]] crosses from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through Central America and Mexico.
* [[September 13]] - [[Norwegian parliamentary election, 1993]]
* [[September 23]] - The [[IOC]] selects [[Sydney]], [[Australia]] to host the [[2000 Summer Olympics]].
* [[September 17]] – Russian troops withdraw from Poland.
* [[September 24]] - [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]] releases ''[[In Utero]]'', their last studio album, and the last before [[Kurt Cobain]]'s death
* [[September 19]] – [[1993 Polish parliamentary election]]: A coalition of the [[Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)|Democratic Left Alliance]] and the [[Polish People's Party]] led by [[Waldemar Pawlak]] comes into power.
* [[September 22]] – [[Big Bayou Canot train disaster]]: A bridge collapses while the Amtrak ''[[Sunset Limited]]'' is in the process of crossing it, killing 47 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tolchin |first=Martin |date=1993-12-14 |title=3 Heroes Recall Amtrak Disaster on a Bayou |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/14/us/3-heroes-recall-amtrak-disaster-on-a-bayou.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] - An [[earthquake]] centred on [[Killari]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]] kills nearly 10,000 people.
* [[September 23]] – The [[International Olympic Committee]] selects [[Sydney]], Australia, to host the [[2000 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/09/24/1064083046670.html|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=September 24, 2003|access-date=September 18, 2017|title=Sydney wins|first=Sam|last=North|archive-date=September 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918210136/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/09/24/1064083046670.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[September 24]] – The [[Cambodia]]n monarchy is restored, with [[Norodom Sihanouk]] as king.
* [[September 26]]
** The first mission in [[Biosphere 2]] ends after two years.
** [[PoSAT-1]] (the first Portuguese satellite) is launched on board French rocket [[Ariane 4]].
* [[September 27]] – [[War in Abkhazia (1992–93)|War in Abkhazia]]: [[Sukhumi massacre|Fall of Sukhumi]] – [[Eduard Shevardnadze]] accuses Russia of passive complicity.
* [[September 30]] – [[1993 Latur earthquake|Latur earthquake]]: A 6.2 {{M|w}} earthquake occurs in the vicinity of [[Maharashtra]], India having a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.


===October===
===October===
* [[October 3]]–[[October 4|4]]– [[Battle of Mogadishu (1993)|Battle of Mogadishu]]: The U.S. Army conducts [[Operation Gothic Serpent]] in the city of [[Mogadishu]], Somalia, deploying Task Force Ranger. Two U.S. Army [[UH-60 Blackhawk]]s are shot down and the operation leaves over 1,000 Somalians dead and over 74 Americans wounded in action, 18 killed and 1 captured.
* [[Polly Klaas]] is kidnapped at knifepoint from her home in Petaluma, California. She was later strangled by [[Richard Allen Davis]]
* [[October 4]] – The [[1993 Russian constitutional crisis|Russian constitutional crisis]] culminates with Russian military and security forces, using tanks and clearing the [[White House of Russia]] Parliament building by force, quashing a mass uprising against President [[Boris Yeltsin]].
* [[October 3]] - [[October 3 1993 Battle of Mogadishu|Large scale battle]] between US forces and local militia in [[Mogadishu, Somalia]]
* [[October 5]] - [[Russian constitutional crisis of 1993|Second October Revolution]] in [[Russia]]
* [[October 5]] – China performs a [[nuclear test]], ending a worldwide ''de facto'' [[Moratorium (law)|moratorium]].
* [[October 9]] – The South Korean ferry ''[[Sinking of the MV Seohae|Seohae]]'' capsizes off [[Pusan]], South Korea; 292 are killed.
* [[October 6]] - After nine years of playing basketball, shaken by the death of his father ([[James Jordan]]), [[Michael Jordan]] retires from basketball for the first time.
* [[October 11]]–[[October 28|28]] – The [[UNMIH]] is prevented from entering [[Haiti]] by its military-led regime. On [[October 18]], [[United Nations]] economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them.
*[[October 13]] - [[Andreas Papandreou]] begins his second term as [[Prime Minister of Greece]].
* [[October 13]]
* [[October 25]] - [[Jean Chrétien|Jean Chrétien]] and his [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] defeat the governing [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative Party]] in the [[Canadian federal election, 1993|Canadian federal election]]. [[Image:October1993crisis.jpg|thumb|250px|Tanks bombard the Russian parliament in October 1993]]
** [[1993 Greek legislative election]]: [[Andreas Papandreou]] begins his second term as [[Prime Minister of Greece]].
* [[October 26]] - The [[Carolina Panthers]] become the [[NFL]]'s 29th franchise and the first expansion team since 1976.
** The fifth summit of the [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie|Francophonie]] opens in [[Mauritius]].
* [[October]] - [[Internal Revenue Service]] of the [[United States]] granted full religious recognition and [[tax exemption]] to all [[Church of Scientology|Scientology Churches]], [[missions]] and social betterment groups[http://www.religioustolerance.org/scientol1.htm].
** The [[1993 Finisterre earthquakes]] in Papua New Guinea kill at least 60 due to landslides.<ref name="USGS">{{cite web |title=M 6.9 - 47 km NNE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00061w1/executive |website=earthquake.usgs.gov |publisher=[[U.S. Geological Survey]] |access-date=11 October 2021 |archive-date=October 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008080304/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00061w1/executive |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 19]] – [[Benazir Bhutto]] becomes the Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time.
* [[October 21]] – A coup in [[Burundi]] results in the death of president [[Melchior Ndadaye]] and sparks the [[Burundi Civil War]].
* [[October 25]] – [[1993 Canadian federal election]]: [[Jean Chrétien]] and his [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] defeat the governing [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative Party]], which falls to a historic low of two seats.
* [[October 27]]–[[October 31|31]] – The Southland Firestorm, formed of more than fourteen separate fires in Southern California burning simultaneously, burns more than 700 homes and 160,000 acres.<ref>{{cite news |title=THE SOUTHLAND FIRESTORM / DAY FIVE: The Southland Fires | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-10-31-mn-51791-story.html|newspaper=[[LA Times]]|date=1993-10-31|access-date=2024-01-02}}</ref> Two of these fire are the [[Laguna Fire (1993)|Laguna Fire]] which burned more than 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares), destroyed hundreds of homes and caused $528 million in damage in [[Orange County, California]], and the [[Kinneloa Fire]] in [[Los Angeles County, California]] which caused a fatality.


===November===
===November===
{{Main|November 1993}}
* [[November 1]] - The [[Maastricht Treaty]] activates, formally establishing the [[European Union]]
* [[November 1]] – The [[Maastricht Treaty]] takes effect, formally establishing the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/principles-and-values/founding-agreements_en |title=Founding agreements |website=[[European Union]] |department=Principles and values |access-date=10 April 2022 |archive-date=April 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409215631/https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/principles-and-values/founding-agreements_en |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 4]] - [[Jean Chrétien]] becomes [[Canada]]'s twentieth [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]].
* [[November 4]] – [[Jean Chrétien]] becomes the 20th [[Prime Minister of Canada]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile - Chrétien, Joseph Jacques Jean |url=https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=306 |website=[[Parliament of Canada]] |department=People |publisher=[[Library of Parliament]] |access-date=10 April 2022 |archive-date=May 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512033145/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=306 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 9]] - [[Bosnian Croat]] forces destroy the ''[[Stari most]]'', or Old Bridge of [[Mostar]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], by tank fire
* [[November 5]] – The [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] passes the [[Railways Act 1993]], setting out the procedures for [[privatisation of British Rail]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/43/introduction/enacted |title=Railways Act 1993 |website=[[legislation.gov.uk]] |publisher=[[Crown copyright#United Kingdom|Crown and database right]] |access-date=10 April 2022 |via=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]] |archive-date=April 10, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410161515/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/43/introduction/enacted |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 12]] - The inaugural [[Ultimate Fighting Championship]] is held in [[Denver, Colorado]].
* [[November 9]] – [[Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnian Croat]] forces destroy the ''[[Stari Most]]'', or Old Bridge of [[Mostar]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], by tank fire.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1876&dat=19931111&id=-zcfAAAAIBAJ&pg=6713,3676022 |last=Buric |first=Nada |title=Croats blamed for destroying bridge |newspaper=Spartanburg Herald-Journal |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=11 November 1993 |page=A9 |access-date=1 May 2022 |via=Google News |archive-date=May 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220501035103/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1876&dat=19931111&id=-zcfAAAAIBAJ&pg=6713,3676022 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Mostar-the-Old-One-twenty-years-later-143828#:~:text=Built%20nearly%20five%20centuries%20ago,bridge%20collapsed%20into%20the%20river. |last=Nuhefendić |first=Azra |title=Mostar: the Old One, twenty years later |publisher=[[Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso Transeuropa]] |department=Bosnia Herzegovina |date=8 November 2013 |access-date=16 April 2022 |archive-date=April 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416074637/https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Mostar-the-Old-One-twenty-years-later-143828#:~:text=Built%20nearly%20five%20centuries%20ago,bridge%20collapsed%20into%20the%20river. |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 18]] - In [[South Africa]], 21 political parties approve a new [[constitution]].
* [[November 12]] – [[London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter|London Convention]]: Marine dumping of [[radioactive waste]] is outlawed.
* [[November 20]] - [[Savings and Loan scandal]]: The [[United States Senate]] Ethics Committee issues a stern censure of [[California]] senator [[Alan Cranston]] for his "dealings" with savings-and-loan executive [[Charles Keating]].
* [[November 14]] – In [[1993 Puerto Rican status referendum|a status referendum]], residents of [[Puerto Rico]] vote by a slim margin to maintain [[Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)|Commonwealth]] status.<ref>{{cite journal |first=José O. |last=Díaz |title=Puerto Rico, the United States, and the 1993 Referendum on Political Status |journal=[[Latin American Research Review]] |volume=30 |issue=1 |year=1995 |pages=203–11 |doi=10.1017/S0023879100017258 |jstor=2504095 |doi-access=free | issn=0023-8791}}</ref>
* [[November 24]] - In the [[United Kingdom]], 11-year-olds [[Robert Thompson]] and [[Jon Venables]] are convicted of the [[child murder]] of 2-year-old [[James Bulger]] of [[Liverpool]] (they were sentenced to "indefinite detention")
* [[November 17]]–[[November 22|22]] – The [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico.
* [[November 28]] - ''[[The Observer]]'' reveals a channel of communications has existed between the [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]] and the [[British government]], despite the government's persistent denials.
* November 17
* [[November 30]] - US President [[Bill Clinton]] signs the [[Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act]] (the Brady Bill) into law
** In Nigeria, General [[Sani Abacha]] ousts the government of [[Ernest Shonekan]] in a military coup.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=[[The Associated Press]] |date=18 November 2022 |page=A15 |access-date=29 April 2022 |archive-date=July 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724005126/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
** The first meeting of the [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] summit opens in [[Seattle]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.apec.org/meeting-papers/annual-ministerial-meetings/1993/1993_amm |title=1993 APEC Ministerial Meeting |publisher=[[APEC]] Secretariat |access-date=12 May 2022 |archive-date=June 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614225211/https://www.apec.org/meeting-papers/annual-ministerial-meetings/1993/1993_amm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 20]] – An Avioimpex [[Yakovlev Yak-42D]] crashes into Mount Trojani near [[Ohrid]], [[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]]. All 8 crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19931120-1 |title=ASN Aircraft accident Yakovlev Yak-42D RA-42390 Ohrid Airport (OHD) |work=[[Aviation Safety Network]] |publisher=[[Flight Safety Foundation]] |access-date=10 April 2022 |archive-date=November 8, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051108121209/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19931120-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 28]] – ''[[The Observer]]'' reveals that a channel of communications has existed between the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/29/world/britain-concedes-it-secretly-made-contact-with-ira.html |last=Darnton |first=John |author-link=John Darnton |title=BRITAIN CONCEDES IT SECRETLY MADE CONTACT WITH I.R.A. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=29 November 1993 |page=A1 |access-date=15 May 2022 |archive-date=May 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515075930/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/29/world/britain-concedes-it-secretly-made-contact-with-ira.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 30]]
** An agreement establishing the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation is signed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eac.int/eac-history |title=History of the EAC |publisher=[[East African Community]] |department=About EAC |access-date=15 May 2022 |archive-date=April 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430025410/https://www.eac.int/eac-history |url-status=live }}</ref>
** U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] signs the [[Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bradycampaign.org/about/bio/sarah |publisher=[[Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence]] |title=Sarah Brady |department=Biographies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219041842/http://bradycampaign.org/about/bio/sarah |archive-date=19 December 2012 |access-date=10 April 2022}}</ref>


===December===
===December===
{{Main|December 1993}}
* [[December 2]] - [[Shuttle program]]: [[STS-61]] - [[NASA]] launches the [[Space Shuttle Endeavour]] on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the [[Hubble Space Telescope]].
* [[December 2]]
* [[December 2]] - [[War on Drugs]]: [[Colombia]]n [[drug lord]] [[Pablo Escobar]] is gunned down in [[Medellín]] when the police try to arrest him
** ''[[STS-61]]'': [[NASA]] launches the Space Shuttle ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the [[Hubble Space Telescope]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Dumoulin |first=Jim |title=STS-61 |url=https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-61/mission-sts-61.html |date=29 June 2001 |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027182700/https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-61/mission-sts-61.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[December 7]] - Colin Ferguson opened fire with his Ruger 9mm pistol on a Long Island Railroad train, killing six and injuring 19. The event was dubbed "The Long Island Railroad Massacre."
** [[Colombia]]n drug lord [[Pablo Escobar]] is gunned down by police.<ref>{{cite book |title=DEA History Book |chapter=1990 - 1994 |chapter-url=http://www.dea.gov/pubs/history/1990-1994.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060118010530/http://www.dea.gov/pubs/history/1990-1994.html |archive-date=18 January 2006 |publisher=[[U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration]] |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>
* [[December 11]] - 48 people were killed when a block of the [[Highland Towers collapse|Highland Towers collapsed]] near [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]].
* [[December 5]]
* [[December 12]] - [[Earthquake]] hits [[Flores]], [[Indonesia]] - 2200 dead
** [[Omar Bongo]] is re-elected as [[President of Gabon]] in the country's first multiparty elections.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ga.html |title=Elections in Gabon |work=African Elections Database |date=20 February 2012 |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016084948/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ga.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 15]] - [[Downing Street Declaration]] - [[United Kingdom]] commits itself to the search for an answer to the problems of [[Northern Ireland]]
** [[Rafael Caldera Rodríguez]] is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding interim president [[Ramón José Velásquez]].<ref>{{cite web |editor-last=Ortiz de Zárate |editor-first=Roberto |title=Rafael Caldera Rodríguez |department=Venezuela |date=24 January 2019 |publisher=[[Fundación CIDOB]] |language=es |url=https://www.cidob.org/biografias_lideres_politicos/america_del_sur/venezuela/rafael_caldera_rodriguez |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170530/https://www.cidob.org/biografias_lideres_politicos/america_del_sur/venezuela/rafael_caldera_rodriguez |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 30]] - [[Israel]] and the [[Vatican City|Vatican]] establish diplomatic relations
* [[December 7]]
<!-- IF THIS CHRONOLOGY IS SPLIT INTO SEPARATE ARTICLES, please categorize the individual month articles using, for example, [[Category:1993|*1993-12]] as per [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Year categories]] -->
** In [[Garden City, New York]], six people are murdered and 19 injured in the [[Long Island Rail Road massacre]], a racially motivated mass shooting perpetrated by Colin Ferguson, a black Jamaican immigrant.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/12/09/ny-train-killings-suspect-was-motivated-by-bias/37c1df9a-fb70-48d9-b176-81d3352e2fb7/?noredirect=on |last1=Gladwell |first1=Malcolm |author-link1=Malcolm Gladwell |last2=Stassen-Berger |first2=Rachel E. |title=N.Y. Train Killings Suspect Was 'Motivated By Bias' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 9, 1993 |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226084417/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/12/09/ny-train-killings-suspect-was-motivated-by-bias/37c1df9a-fb70-48d9-b176-81d3352e2fb7/?noredirect=on |url-status=live }}</ref>
** The 32-member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/25451/ |last1=Padaychee |first1=Vishnu |last2=Fine |first2=Ben |author-link2=Ben Fine |title=The role and influence of the IMF on economic policy in South Africa's transition to democracy: the 1993 CCFF revisited |journal=Review of African Political Economy |date=July 2, 2018 |volume=46 |issue=159 |pages=157–167 |doi=10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352 |s2cid=158444181 |access-date=15 October 2021 |via=SOAS Research Online |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026204610/https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/25451/ |url-status=live |hdl=10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> in [[Cape Town]], marking the first meeting of an official government body in South Africa with Black members.
** [[List of heads of state of Ivory Coast|President of Ivory Coast]] [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]] dies at 88, the oldest African head of state.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/08/obituaries/felix-houphouet-boigny-ivory-coast-s-leader-since-freedom-in-1960-is-dead.html |last=Noble |first=Kenneth B. |title=Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Ivory Coast's Leader Since Freedom in 1960, Is Dead |journal=[[The New York Times]] |date=8 December 1993 |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029180545/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/08/obituaries/felix-houphouet-boigny-ivory-coast-s-leader-since-freedom-in-1960-is-dead.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He is succeeded four days later by [[Henri Konan Bédié]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/11/world/new-ivory-coast-president-is-named-by-supreme-court.html |title=New Ivory Coast President Is Named by Supreme Court |journal=The New York Times |agency=[[The Associated Press]] |date=11 December 1993 |page=7 |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016073636/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/11/world/new-ivory-coast-president-is-named-by-supreme-court.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 8]] – U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] signs into law the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Clinton Signs NAFTA -- December 8, 1993 |work=American President: An Online Reference Resource |url=http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/events/12_08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010231531/http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/events/12_08 |archive-date=10 October 2010 |publisher=[[University of Virginia|Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia]] |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>
* [[December 10]] – [[id Software]] releases the first-person shooter game ''[[Doom (1993 video game)|Doom]]''.
* [[December 11]]
** One of the three blocks of the Highland Towers near [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]] [[Highland Towers collapse|collapses]], killing 48.<ref>{{cite web |title=History Asia - The Highland Towers Disaster |publisher=[[A&E Television Networks]] |year=2008 |url=http://www.historyasia.com/synopsis.aspx?libId=1401&sId=826&sTime=1320 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171851/http://www.historyasia.com/synopsis.aspx?libId=1401&sId=826&sTime=1320 |archive-date=11 July 2011 |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>
** [[1993 Chilean presidential election]]: [[Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle]] is elected with 58% of the vote.<ref>{{cite book |last1=United States Central Intelligence Agency |title=The 1997 CIA World Factbook |date=1 March 1999 |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1662 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=English |author1-link=United States Central Intelligence Agency |archive-date=October 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022001929/https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1662 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 13]]
** Former [[Prime Minister of Canada]] [[Kim Campbell]] resigns as leader of the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative Party]] and is succeeded as leader by [[Jean Charest]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Farnsworth |first=Clyde H. |title=Campbell Resigns as Tory Leader in Canada |work=The New York Times |date=14 December 1993 |page=A9 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/14/world/campbell-resigns-as-tory-leader-in-canada.html |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174949/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/14/world/campbell-resigns-as-tory-leader-in-canada.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell |last=Boyko |first=John |title=Kim Campbell |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |date=11 August 2011 |publisher=[[Historica Canada]] |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016131926/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell |url-status=live }}</ref>
** The [[Majilis]] of [[Kazakhstan]] approves the nuclear [[Non-Proliferation Treaty]] and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/laumul12.pdf |last=Laumulin |first=Murat |title=Viewpoint: Nuclear Politics and the Future Security of Kazakhstan |translator-last=Boyle |translator-first=Catherine |journal=[[The Nonproliferation Review]] |date=Winter 1994 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=61–65 |doi=10.1080/10736709408436540 |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324031034/https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/laumul12.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 15]] – The [[Uruguay Round]] of [[General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade]] (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Uruguay Round |url=http://www.wto.org/trade_resources/history/wto/urug_round.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822200650/http://www.wto.org/trade_resources/history/wto/urug_round.htm |publisher=[[World Trade Organization]] |department=Trade Resources |archive-date=22 August 2006 |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>
* [[December 17]] – [[Brazil]]'s [[Supreme Federal Court|Supreme Court]] rules that former President [[Fernando Collor de Mello]] may not hold elected office again until 2000 due to [[political corruption]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Brooke |first=James |author-link=James Brooke (journalist) |title=Brazilian Court Reaffirms Ban on the Ex-President |journal=The New York Times |date=17 December 1993 |page=A9 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/world/brazilian-court-reaffirms-ban-on-the-ex-president.html |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016134330/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/world/brazilian-court-reaffirms-ban-on-the-ex-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 20]]
** The [[United Nations General Assembly]] votes to appoint a [[U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Brief history |publisher=[[OHCHR]] |url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ABOUTUS/Pages/BriefHistory.aspx |access-date=15 October 2021 |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308025355/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/Pages/BriefHistory.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>
** The first corrected images from the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] are taken.
* [[December 21]]
** The [[Hungarian Parliament]] elects [[Péter Boross]] [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] following the death of [[József Antall]] on December 12.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dr. Boross Péter |website=Magyar Demokrata Fórum 2006 |language=hu |url=http://part.mdf.hu/index.php?akt_menu=881&amn=ftag&ft=boross&PHPSESSID=3bfd40ca307dbaa414ea0c442e58de0f |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060603172445/http://part.mdf.hu/index.php?akt_menu=881&amn=ftag&ft=boross&PHPSESSID=3bfd40ca307dbaa414ea0c442e58de0f |archive-date=3 June 2006 |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>
** Phil Vischer and Mike Nawrocki's [[VeggieTales]] is first released.
* [[December 30]]
** The [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]] gains a parliamentary majority in India after the defection of 10 [[Janata Dal]] party lawmakers.
** Representatives of [[Israel]] and the [[Holy See]] sign the [[Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel]], preparing for the establishment of [[Holy See–Israel relations|diplomatic relations]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html |title=Fundamental Agreement between the Holy See and the State of Israel |date=30 December 1993 |website=[[vatican.va]] |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=November 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125171740/https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Argentina]] passes a measure allowing President [[Carlos Menem]] and all future presidents to run for a second consecutive term. It also shortens presidential terms to four years and removes the requirement for the president to be [[Roman Catholic]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/30/world/argentine-senate-backs-menem-on-second-term.html |last=Nash |first=Nathaniel C. |author-link=Nathaniel C. Nash |title=Argentine Senate Backs Menem on Second Term |journal=The New York Times |date=30 December 1993 |page=A5 |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016141330/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/30/world/argentine-senate-backs-menem-on-second-term.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


== Births and deaths ==
===Unknown dates===
{{Main|:Category:1993 births|Deaths in 1993}}
* The second [[World Parliament of Religions]] is held in [[Chicago, Illinois]]
* US President [[Bill Clinton]] sends 6 American warships to [[Haiti]] to enforce [[United Nations]] trade sanctions against the military-led regime in that country
* The [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] and [[Missouri River]]s flood large portions of the [[United States|American]] Midwest.
* [[The Late Show with David Letterman]] premieres on CBS.
* [[Dominos Pizza]] Abolishes the 30-minute guarantee on [[Pizza Delivery]]
* [[Gene (band)]] formed

==Births==
===[[January]]===
*[[January 18]] - [[Morgan York]], American actress
*[[January 26]] - [[Cameron Bright]], Canadian actor

===[[February]]===
*[[February 7]] - [[David Dorfman]], American actor
*[[February 9]] - [[Parimarjan Negi]], chess prodigy from India
*[[February 17]] - [[Hayden Tweedie]], American actress
*[[February 19]] - [[Victoria Justice]], American actress
*[[February 26]] - [[Taylor Dooley]], American actress

===[[March]]===
*[[March 4]] - [[Jenna Boyd]], American actress
*[[March 17]] - [[Julia Winter]], Swedish actress
*[[March 28]] - [[Naoki Takeshi]], Japanese actor

===[[April]]===

===[[May]]===
*[[May 24]] - [[Oliver Davis]], American actor
*[[May 25]] - the [[Dilley_sextuplets|Dilley sextuplets]]

===[[June]]===
*[[June 4]] - [[Christian Mowatt]], British noble
*[[June 7]] - [[Jordan Fry]], American actor
*[[June 9]] - [[Danielle Chuchran]], American actress
*[[June 10]] - [[Hugh Alexander Carnegie]], British noble
*[[June 11]] - [[Christina Kirkman]], American actress
*[[June 25]] - [[Barney Clark (actor)|Barney Clark]], British actor

===[[July]]===
*[[July 26]] - [[Taylor Momsen]], American actress

===[[August]]===
*[[August 2]] - [[Ryan and Kyle Pepi]], American twin actors
*[[August 11]] - [[Alyson Stoner]], American actress and dancer
*[[August 16]] - [[Cameron Monaghan]], American actor

===[[September]]===
*[[September 1]] - [[Ilona Mitrecey]], French singer
*[[September 9]] - [[Charlie Stewart]], American actor
*[[September 12]] - [[Jacob and Zachary Handy]], American twin actors
*[[September 18]] - [[Brandon and Taylor Porter]], American twin actors

===[[October]]===
*[[October 8]] - [[Angus T. Jones]], American actor
*[[October 19]] - [[Henry Mountbatten, Earl of Medina]], British noble

===[[November]]===
*[[November 15]] - [[Saaya Irie]], Japanese model

===[[December]]===
*[[December 6]] - [[Elián González]], Cuban refugee
*[[December 8]] - [[AnnaSophia Robb]], American actress
<!-- Do not add yourself, or anyone else who does not have a Wikipedia article, to this list -->

==Deaths==
===January===
*[[January 20]] - [[Audrey Hepburn]], famous Anglo-Dutch actress, fashion model and humanitarian (b. [[1929]])
*[[January 27]] - [[André the Giant]] Roussimoff, French professional wrestler (b. [[1946]])

===February===
*[[February 5]] - [[Joseph L. Mankiewicz]], American writer, producer, and director (b. [[1909]])
*[[February 5]] - [[Tip Tipping]], American actor and stuntman (parachuting accident) (b. [[1958]])
*[[February 6]] - [[Arthur Ashe]], American tennis player and activist (b. [[1943]])
*[[February 11]] - [[Robert W. Holley]], American biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1922]])
*[[February 18]] - [[Jacqueline Hill]], British actress (b. [[1929]])
*[[February 20]] - [[Ferruccio Lamborghini]], Italian automobile manufacturer (b. [[1916]])
*[[February 24]] - [[Bobby Moore]], English footballer (b. [[1941]])
*[[February 27]] - [[Lillian Gish]], American actress (b. [[1893]])
*[[February 28]] - [[Ruby Keeler]], Canadian actress, singer, and dancer (b. [[1910]])

===March===
* [[March 8]] - [[Billy Eckstine]], American musician (b. [[1914]])
* [[March 11]] - [[Dino Bravo|Adolph "Dino Bravo" Bresciano]], Italian-born professional wrestler (b. [[1949]])
* [[March 17]] - [[Helen Hayes]], American actress (b. [[1900]])
* [[March 20]] - [[Polykarp Kusch]], German-born physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1911]])
* [[March 24]] - [[John Hersey]], American author (b. [[1914]])
* [[March 31]] - [[Brandon Lee]], American actor (b. [[1965]])

===April===
* [[April 1]] - [[Alan Kulwicki]], American race car driver (b. [[1954]])
* [[April 3]] - [[Pinky Lee]], American children's television host (b. [[1907]])
* [[April 8]] - [[Marian Anderson]], American contralto (b. [[1897]])
* [[April 13]] - [[Wallace Stegner]], American writer (car accident) (b. [[1909]])
* [[April 15]] - [[Robert Westall]], British author (b. [[1929]])

===May===
* [[May 1]] - [[Pierre Bérégovoy]], [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. [[1925]])
* [[May 8]] - [[Avram Davidson]], American writer (b. [[1923]])
* [[May 27]] - [[Werner Stocker]], German actor (b. [[1955]])

===June===
* [[June 5]] - [[Conway Twitty]], Country music singer (b. [[1933]])
* [[June 7]] - [[Drazen Petrovic]], Croatian basketball player (b. [[1964]])
* [[June 9]] - [[Alexis Smith]], Canadian actress (b. [[1921]])
* [[June 13]] - [[Deke Slayton]], astronaut (b. [[1924]])
* [[June 15]] - [[John Connally]], Governor of Texas (b. [[1917]])
* [[June 19]] - [[William Golding]], English writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1911]])
* [[June 24]] - [[Archie Williams]], American athlete (b. [[1915]])
* [[June 26]] - [[William H. Riker]], American political scientist (b. [[1920]])
* [[June 28]] - [[G.G. Allin]], Punk rock singer and bandleader for a plethora of groups (b. [[1956]])
* [[June 28]] - [[Boris Christoff]], Bulgarian opera singer (b. [[1914]])
* [[June 29]] - [[Héctor Lavoe]], Puerto Rican singer (b. [[1946]])
* [[June 30]] - [[George McFarland|George "Spanky" McFarland]], American actor (b. [[1928]])

===July===
* [[July 3]] - [[Don Drysdale]], baseball player (b. [[1936]])
* [[July 13]] - [[Davey Allison]], American race car driver (helicopter crash) (b. [[1961]])
* [[July 28]] - [[Reggie Lewis]], American basketball player (heart ailment) (b. [[1965]])
* [[July 31]] - King [[Baudouin I of Belgium]] (b. [[1930]])

===August===
* [[August 6]] - [[Tex Hughson]], baseball player (b. [[1916]])
* [[August 10]] - [[Øystein Aarseth]], Norwegian musician ([[Mayhem (band)|Mayhem]]) (b. [[1968]])

===September===
* [[September 9]] - [[Helen O'Connell]], American singer (b. [[1920]])
* [[September 11]] - [[Erich Leinsdorf]], Austrian conductor (b. [[1912]])
* [[September 22]] - [[Maurice Abravanel]], Greek-born conductor (b. [[1903]])
* [[September 27]] - [[Jimmy Doolittle]], American general (b. [[1896]])

===October===
* [[October 5]] - [[Jim Holton]], Scottish footballer (b. [[1951]])
* [[October 11]] - [[Jess Thomas]], American tenor (b. [[1927]])
* [[October 12]] - [[Tofik Bakhramov]], Russian footballer (b. [[1926]])
* [[October 25]] - [[Vincent Price]], American actor (b. [[1911]])
* [[October 31]] - [[Federico Fellini]], Italian film director (b. [[1911]])
* [[October 31]] - [[River Phoenix]], American actor (drug overdose) (b. [[1970]])

===November===
* [[November 1]] - [[Severo Ochoa]], Spanish–born biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1905]])
* [[November 6]] - [[Michael Vernon]], Australian consumer activist (b.[[1932]])
* [[November 12]] - [[H. R. Haldeman]], American Watergate scandal figure (b. [[1926]])
* [[November 21]] - [[Bill Bixby]], American actor (b. [[1934]])
* [[November 22]] - [[Anthony Burgess]], English author (b. [[1917]])

===December===
* [[December 1]] - [[Ray Gillen]], American singer (b. [[1961]])
* [[December 2]] - [[Pablo Escobar]], Colombian drug lord (b. [[1940]])
* [[December 4]] - [[Frank Zappa]], American guitarist and composer (b. [[1940]])
* [[December 5]] - [[Doug Hopkins]], American guitarist and songwriter (b.[[1961]])
* [[December 7]] - [[Wolfgang Paul]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1913]])
* [[December 9]] - [[Danny Blanchflower]], Northern Irish footballer and football manager (b. [[1926]])
* [[December 13]] - [[Vanessa Duriès]], French novelist (b. [[1972]])
* [[December 31]] - [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]], first [[President of Georgia]] (b. [[1939]
===Unknown dates===
* Charles M. Manson Jr, the son of [[Charles Manson]] commits suicide at age 38


==Nobel Prizes==
==Nobel Prizes==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|120px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] - [[Russell Alan Hulse]], [[Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Kary Mullis]], [[Michael Smith (chemist)|Michael Smith]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] – [[Kary Mullis]], [[Michael Smith (chemist)|Michael Smith]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] - [[Richard J. Roberts]], [[Philip Allen Sharp]]
* [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]] – [[Robert W. Fogel]], [[Douglass North]]
* [[Nobel Prize in literature|Literature]] - [[Toni Morrison]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] – [[Toni Morrison]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] - [[Nelson Mandela]] and [[Frederik Willem de Klerk]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] – [[Nelson Mandela]] and [[F. W. de Klerk]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] – [[Russell Alan Hulse]], [[Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.]]

* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] – [[Richard J. Roberts]], [[Phillip Allen Sharp]]
==[[Templeton Prize]]==
* [[Charles Colson]]


==References==
== [[Right Livelihood Award|Alternative]] ==
{{Reflist}}
* [[Arna Mer-Khamis]] / [[Care and Learning]], [[ORAP]] (The Organisation of Rural Associations for Progress) / [[Sithembiso Nyoni]], [[Vandana Shiva]], [[Mary Dann|Mary]] and [[Carrie Dann]]
{{Commons category}}


==Sources==
[[Category:1993|*]]
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book| title=1994 Book of the year| year=1994| editor=Trumbull, Charles P.| series=Encyclopædia Britannica| location=Chicago| isbn=0-85229-600-2| url-access=registration| url=https://archive.org/details/britannicabookof00daph}}
* {{cite book|title=Universalia 1994| year=1994| editor=Berani, Jacques| series=[[Encyclopædia Universalis]]| location=Paris| isbn=2-85229-321-8|language=fr}}
* {{cite book|title=Le Livre de l'Année 1994| year=1994| author=Harnois, Christiane (dir.)| publisher=Grolier| location=Montreal| isbn=0-7172-3019-8|language=fr}}
{{refend}}


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[[zh:1993年]]

Latest revision as of 09:24, 27 May 2025

From left, clockwise: Ramzi Yousef and other Islamic terrorists detonate a truck bomb in the subterranean garage of the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing 7 also known as the World Trade Center bombing; the Russian White House is shelled during a constitutional crisis after Russian president Boris Yeltsin imposed a self-coup; Czechoslovakia is peacefully dissolved into the Czech Republic and Slovakia; in the U.S., the ATF besieges a compound belonging to David Koresh and the Branch Davidians in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside; Eritrea overwhelmingly votes to gain independence from Ethiopia; a major snow storm passes over the U.S. and Canada, leading to 318 fatalities; drug lord and narcoterrorist Pablo Escobar is killed by Colombian special forces; the Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
This article is about the year 1993. For other uses, see 1993 (disambiguation).
Years
Millennium
2nd millennium
Centuries
Decades
Years
1993 by topic
Subject
By country
Lists of leaders
Birth and death categories
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Works category
1993 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1993
MCMXCIII
Ab urbe condita2746
Armenian calendar1442
ԹՎ ՌՆԽԲ
Assyrian calendar6743
Baháʼí calendar149–150
Balinese saka calendar1914–1915
Bengali calendar1399–1400
Berber calendar2943
British Regnal year41 Eliz. 2 – 42 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar2537
Burmese calendar1355
Byzantine calendar7501–7502
Chinese calendar壬申年 (Water Monkey)
4690 or 4483
    — to —
癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
4691 or 4484
Coptic calendar1709–1710
Discordian calendar3159
Ethiopian calendar1985–1986
Hebrew calendar5753–5754
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat2049–2050
 - Shaka Samvat1914–1915
 - Kali Yuga5093–5094
Holocene calendar11993
Igbo calendar993–994
Iranian calendar1371–1372
Islamic calendar1413–1414
Japanese calendarHeisei 5
(平成５年)
Javanese calendar1925–1926
Juche calendar82
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4326
Minguo calendarROC 82
民國82年
Nanakshahi calendar525
Thai solar calendar2536
Tibetan calendar阳水猴年
(male Water-Monkey)
2119 or 1738 or 966
    — to —
阴水鸡年
(female Water-Rooster)
2120 or 1739 or 967
Unix time725846400 – 757382399
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1993.

1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1993rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 993rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 93rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1990s decade.

The General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as:

  • International Year for the World's Indigenous People[1]

The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the Eastern Hemisphere side of the International Date Line, skipping August 21, 1993.[2]

Events

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January

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February

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The aftermath of the World Trade Center bombing.

March

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April

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May

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June

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July

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August

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September

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October

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November

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Main article: November 1993

December

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Main article: December 1993

Births and deaths

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Main pages: Category:1993 births and Deaths in 1993

Nobel Prizes

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References

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  1. ^ "International Year for the World's Indigenous People, 1993 : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly". UNHCR. Retrieved May 27, 2025.
  2. ^ Associated Press (22 August 1993). "In Marshall Islands, Friday Is Followed by Sunday". New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  3. ^ "54 Die as Polish Ferry Capsizes in Baltic Sea". The New York Times. January 15, 1993. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  4. ^ "Closest Full Moon since March 8, 1993". Archived from the original on December 15, 2008.
  5. ^ Ifill, Gwen (March 12, 1993). "Reno is confirmed in top justice job". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 24, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  6. ^ Armstrong, Tim. "Superstorm of 1993: "Storm of the Century"". NOAA. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
  7. ^ "1993 Federal Election | AustralianPolitics.com". australianpolitics.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  8. ^ "Rise in TB declared a global emergency". The Independent. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  9. ^ "Accident Boeing 727-46 HK-2422X, Wednesday 19 May 1993". asn.flightsafety.org. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  10. ^ "Crash of a Boeing 727-46 on Mt Páramo Frontino: 132 killed | Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives". www.baaa-acro.com. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  11. ^ Χαλαβαζής, Πάνος (June 29, 2021). "Σαν σήμερα το 1993 "γεννήθηκε" η κινητή τηλεφωνία στην Ελλάδα από την Telestet". ICTPLUS (in Greek). Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  12. ^ "1993 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events". Archived from the original on October 18, 2003.
  13. ^ "MONSOON FLOODS SPREAD DESTRUCTION ACROSS SOUTH ASIA, KILLING 3,000".
  14. ^ "S. Asia Floods Kill 4,200; More Deaths Feared".
  15. ^ Jeffery, Anthea (2009). People's War - New Light on the Struggle for South Africa (1st ed.). Johannesburg & Cape Town: Jonathan Ball Publishers. ISBN 978-1-86842-357-6.
  16. ^ "TRC Reports on St James Church Massacre". South African History Online. Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Archived from the original on January 31, 2015. Retrieved January 31, 2015. A terrorist attack on St. James Church in Cape Town, South Africa left 11 people dead and 58 wounded.
  17. ^ Tolchin, Martin (December 14, 1993). "3 Heroes Recall Amtrak Disaster on a Bayou". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  18. ^ North, Sam (September 24, 2003). "Sydney wins". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
  19. ^ "M 6.9 - 47 km NNE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea". earthquake.usgs.gov. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  20. ^ "THE SOUTHLAND FIRESTORM / DAY FIVE: The Southland Fires". LA Times. October 31, 1993. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  21. ^ "Founding agreements". Principles and values. European Union. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  22. ^ "Profile - Chrétien, Joseph Jacques Jean". People. Parliament of Canada. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  23. ^ "Railways Act 1993". legislation.gov.uk. Crown and database right. Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022 – via The National Archives.
  24. ^ Buric, Nada (November 11, 1993). "Croats blamed for destroying bridge". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. Associated Press. p. A9. Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022 – via Google News.
  25. ^ Nuhefendić, Azra (November 8, 2013). "Mostar: the Old One, twenty years later". Bosnia Herzegovina. Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso Transeuropa. Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  26. ^ Díaz, José O. (1995). "Puerto Rico, the United States, and the 1993 Referendum on Political Status". Latin American Research Review. 30 (1): 203–11. doi:10.1017/S0023879100017258. ISSN 0023-8791. JSTOR 2504095.
  27. ^ "Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President". The New York Times. The Associated Press. November 18, 2022. p. A15. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  28. ^ "1993 APEC Ministerial Meeting". APEC Secretariat. Archived from the original on June 14, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
  29. ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Yakovlev Yak-42D RA-42390 Ohrid Airport (OHD)". Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Archived from the original on November 8, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  30. ^ Darnton, John (November 29, 1993). "BRITAIN CONCEDES IT SECRETLY MADE CONTACT WITH I.R.A." The New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  31. ^ "History of the EAC". About EAC. East African Community. Archived from the original on April 30, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  32. ^ "Sarah Brady". Biographies. Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. Archived from the original on December 19, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  33. ^ Dumoulin, Jim (June 29, 2001). "STS-61". NASA. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  34. ^ "1990 - 1994". DEA History Book. U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original on January 18, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  35. ^ "Elections in Gabon". African Elections Database. February 20, 2012. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  36. ^ Ortiz de Zárate, Roberto, ed. (January 24, 2019). "Rafael Caldera Rodríguez". Venezuela (in Spanish). Fundación CIDOB. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  37. ^ Gladwell, Malcolm; Stassen-Berger, Rachel E. (December 9, 1993). "N.Y. Train Killings Suspect Was 'Motivated By Bias'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 26, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  38. ^ Padaychee, Vishnu; Fine, Ben (July 2, 2018). "The role and influence of the IMF on economic policy in South Africa's transition to democracy: the 1993 CCFF revisited". Review of African Political Economy. 46 (159): 157–167. doi:10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352. hdl:10.1080/03056244.2018.1484352. S2CID 158444181. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021 – via SOAS Research Online.
  39. ^ Noble, Kenneth B. (December 8, 1993). "Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Ivory Coast's Leader Since Freedom in 1960, Is Dead". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  40. ^ "New Ivory Coast President Is Named by Supreme Court". The New York Times. The Associated Press. December 11, 1993. p. 7. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  41. ^ "Clinton Signs NAFTA -- December 8, 1993". American President: An Online Reference Resource. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia. Archived from the original on October 10, 2010. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  42. ^ "History Asia - The Highland Towers Disaster". A&E Television Networks. 2008. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  43. ^ United States Central Intelligence Agency (March 1, 1999). The 1997 CIA World Factbook. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved September 19, 2023.
  44. ^ Farnsworth, Clyde H. (December 14, 1993). "Campbell Resigns as Tory Leader in Canada". The New York Times. p. A9. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  45. ^ Boyko, John (August 11, 2011). "Kim Campbell". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  46. ^ Laumulin, Murat (Winter 1994). "Viewpoint: Nuclear Politics and the Future Security of Kazakhstan" (PDF). The Nonproliferation Review. 1 (2). Translated by Boyle, Catherine: 61–65. doi:10.1080/10736709408436540. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  47. ^ "The Uruguay Round". Trade Resources. World Trade Organization. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  48. ^ Brooke, James (December 17, 1993). "Brazilian Court Reaffirms Ban on the Ex-President". The New York Times. p. A9. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  49. ^ "Brief history". OHCHR. Archived from the original on March 8, 2022. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  50. ^ "Dr. Boross Péter". Magyar Demokrata Fórum 2006 (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on June 3, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  51. ^ "Fundamental Agreement between the Holy See and the State of Israel". vatican.va. December 30, 1993. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  52. ^ Nash, Nathaniel C. (December 30, 1993). "Argentine Senate Backs Menem on Second Term". The New York Times. p. A5. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1993.

Sources

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