New Albion: Difference between revisions
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'''New Albion''' |
'''New Albion''' was the name given twice to areas in [[North America]]. The first, in [[1579]], to an area on the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] coast near modern-day [[Whale Cove, Oregon]], by Sir [[Francis Drake]] ([[1545]]—[[1596]]). The second was to an area of modern-day [[New Jersey]], [[Pennsylvania]] and [[Maryland]] in the [[United States of America|United States]] where colonization was unsuccessfully attempted under [[Sir Edmund Plowden] under the authority of a charter granted by [[Charles I]] in [[1634]]. |
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===Sir Francis Drake's attempt: 1579=== |
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[Image:sirfrancisdrake.gif|right|Sir Francis Drake (1545-1596)] |
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'''New Albion''' (or '''Nova Albion''') is the name given in [[1579]] to an area of the west coast of [[North America]] by [[England|English]] navigator [[Francis Drake]], who claimed the area for [[Queen Elizabeth I]]. Drake landed on the coast during his [[circumnavigation]] of the globe. Although the location of Drake's landing has never been definitely established, most historians believe it was in present-day northern [[Oregon]]. ''[[Albion]]'' is an archaic name for the islands of [[Great Britain]]. |
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The coast had partially been explored in [[1542]] by [[Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo]] who sailed for the Spanish, but since England was in conflict with Spain and there were no Spanish claims yet on the land, Drake decided the area could be claimed. |
The coast had partially been explored in [[1542]] by [[Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo]] who sailed for the Spanish, but since England was in conflict with Spain and there were no Spanish claims yet on the land, Drake decided the area could be claimed. |
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[Image:drake_newalbion_map.gif|right|Map Detail of New Albion, c. 1600] |
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Upon his return to England on [[4 April]] [[1581]] Drake was knighted by Queen Elizabeth. Some early maps mark the area of North America above [[New Spain]] and New Mexico as "Nova Albion," although the boundary greatly differs among maps. His claims became the basis for later English colonial charters in claiming all lands from "sea to sea" - from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. Despite the claim, however, the English did not establish a colonial presence on the west coast of North America until the [[19th century]] in the [[Oregon Country]]. |
Upon his return to England on [[4 April]] [[1581]] Drake was knighted by Queen Elizabeth. Some early maps mark the area of North America above [[New Spain]] and New Mexico as "Nova Albion," although the boundary greatly differs among maps. His claims became the basis for later English colonial charters in claiming all lands from "sea to sea" - from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. Despite the claim, however, the English did not establish a colonial presence on the west coast of North America until the [[19th century]] in the [[Oregon Country]]. |
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''It seemeth that the Spaniards hitherto had never been in this part of the country, neither did ever discover the land by many degrees to the southwards of this place."'' |
''It seemeth that the Spaniards hitherto had never been in this part of the country, neither did ever discover the land by many degrees to the southwards of this place."'' |
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[[Whale Cove, Oregon]] lies just one mile north of Cape Foulweather where Captain Cook first sighted the American coast two centuries later. He described it in his log, with unknowing accuracy, as "the long-looked for coast of New Albion". Cook sailed on to Friendly Cove on Vancouver Island, to be given credit for discovering western Canada, credit that rightly belonged to Sir Francis Drake. |
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===Lord Plowden and New Albion: 1634=== |
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''Coming soon!'' |
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[[Category:British Empire]] |
[[Category:British Empire]] |
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Revision as of 11:34, 10 November 2004
New Albion was the name given twice to areas in North America. The first, in 1579, to an area on the Pacific coast near modern-day Whale Cove, Oregon, by Sir Francis Drake (1545—1596). The second was to an area of modern-day New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Maryland in the United States where colonization was unsuccessfully attempted under [[Sir Edmund Plowden] under the authority of a charter granted by Charles I in 1634.
Sir Francis Drake's attempt: 1579
[Image:sirfrancisdrake.gif|right|Sir Francis Drake (1545-1596)]
New Albion (or Nova Albion) is the name given in 1579 to an area of the west coast of North America by English navigator Francis Drake, who claimed the area for Queen Elizabeth I. Drake landed on the coast during his circumnavigation of the globe. Although the location of Drake's landing has never been definitely established, most historians believe it was in present-day northern Oregon. Albion is an archaic name for the islands of Great Britain.
The coast had partially been explored in 1542 by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo who sailed for the Spanish, but since England was in conflict with Spain and there were no Spanish claims yet on the land, Drake decided the area could be claimed.
[Image:drake_newalbion_map.gif|right|Map Detail of New Albion, c. 1600] Upon his return to England on 4 April 1581 Drake was knighted by Queen Elizabeth. Some early maps mark the area of North America above New Spain and New Mexico as "Nova Albion," although the boundary greatly differs among maps. His claims became the basis for later English colonial charters in claiming all lands from "sea to sea" - from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. Despite the claim, however, the English did not establish a colonial presence on the west coast of North America until the 19th century in the Oregon Country.
A primary source account of Drake's exploration can be found in "Sir Francis Drake's Famous Voyage Round The World, 1580, by Francis Pretty, One of Drake's Gentlemen at arms." [1]
Here's a quote:
"Our necessary business being ended, our General with his company travelled up into the country to their villages, where we found herds of deer by a thousand in a company, being most large, and fat of body. We found the whole country to be a warren of a strange kind of coneys; their bodies in bigness as be the Barbary coneys, their heads as the heads of ours, the feet of a want,13 and the tail of a rat, being of great length. Under her chin is on either side a bag, into the which she gathereth her meat, when she hath filled her belly abroad. The people eat their bodies, and make great account of their skins, for their king's coat was made of them. Our General called this country Nova Albion, and that for two causes; the one in respect of the white banks and cliffs, which lie towards the sea, and the other, because it might have some affinity with our country in name, which sometime was so called. There is no part of earth here to be taken up, wherein there is not some probable show of gold or silver.
At our departure hence our General set up a monument of our being there, as also of her Majesty's right and title to the same; namely a plate, nailed upon a fair great post, whereupon was engraved her Majesty's name, the day and year of our arrival there, with the free giving up of the province and people into her Majesty's hands, together with her Highness' picture and arms, in a piece of six pence of current English money, under the plate, whereunder was also written the name of our General.
It seemeth that the Spaniards hitherto had never been in this part of the country, neither did ever discover the land by many degrees to the southwards of this place."
Whale Cove, Oregon lies just one mile north of Cape Foulweather where Captain Cook first sighted the American coast two centuries later. He described it in his log, with unknowing accuracy, as "the long-looked for coast of New Albion". Cook sailed on to Friendly Cove on Vancouver Island, to be given credit for discovering western Canada, credit that rightly belonged to Sir Francis Drake.
Lord Plowden and New Albion: 1634
Coming soon!