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'''Khinalug''' (also spelled '''Khinalig''', '''Khinalugi, Xinalug(h), Xinaliq''' or '''Khinalugh''') is a [[Northeast Caucasian languages|Northeast Caucasian]] language spoken by about 1,500 people in the villages of [[Khinalug]] and Gülüstan, [[Quba]]{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} in the mountains of [[Quba Rayon]], northern [[Azerbaijan]]. It forms its own independent branch within the Northeast Caucasian language family.<ref name="EthNCfam">[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=215-16 Family tree of Northeast Caucasian languages at Ethnologue]</ref>
'''Khinalug''' (also spelled '''Khinalig''', '''Khinalugi, Xinalug(h), Xinaliq''' or '''Khinalugh''') is a [[Northeast Caucasian languages|Northeast Caucasian]] language spoken by about 1,500 people in the villages of [[Khinalug]] and Gülüstan, [[Quba]]{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} in the mountains of [[Quba Rayon]], northern [[Azerbaijan]]. It forms its own independent branch within the Northeast Caucasian language family.<ref name="EthNCfam">[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=215-16 Family tree of Northeast Caucasian languages at Ethnologue]</ref>


Khinalug is [[endangered language|endangered]],<ref>[http://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/chris.html Published in: Encyclopedia of the world’s endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211–280.]</ref> and classified as "severely endangered" by [[UNESCO]]'s [[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]].<ref>[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger]</ref> <!--UNESCO Endangered Language Criteria: 1. Vulnerable, 2. Definitely Endangered, 3. Severely Endangered, 4. Critically Endangered, 5. Extinct-->
Khinalug is [[endangered language|endangered]],<ref>[http://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/chris.html Published in: Encyclopedia of the world’s endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211–280.]</ref> and classified as "severely endangered" by [[UNESCO]]'s [[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]].<ref>[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090222090430/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 |date=2009-02-22 }}</ref> <!--UNESCO Endangered Language Criteria: 1. Vulnerable, 2. Definitely Endangered, 3. Severely Endangered, 4. Critically Endangered, 5. Extinct-->


== History ==
== History ==

Revision as of 10:23, 5 May 2017

Khinalug
каьтш мицI / kätš micʼ
Pronunciation[kætʃ mit͡sʼ]
Native toAzerbaijan
RegionQuba
Native speakers
1,000 (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3kjj
Glottologkhin1240
ELPKhinalugh
  Khinalug
(in Azerbaijan)
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Khinalug (also spelled Khinalig, Khinalugi, Xinalug(h), Xinaliq or Khinalugh) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by about 1,500 people in the villages of Khinalug and Gülüstan, Quba[citation needed] in the mountains of Quba Rayon, northern Azerbaijan. It forms its own independent branch within the Northeast Caucasian language family.[2]

Khinalug is endangered,[3] and classified as "severely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.[4]

History

Khinalug is the language of the village Khinalug in the Quba district of Azerbaijan. It has been tentatively classified by previous researchers as a member of the Lezgian family of the Dagestani branch of Northeast Caucasian languages[5] Although Khinalug is the official language of the village, it is mostly spoken by villagers in informal circumstances, while the national language Azerbaijani is used formally for educational purposes and to communicate with non-Khinalug speakers.[5] Khinalug is considered to be a threatened language. This is in part due to the breaking down of a road that leads into the village, leaving it mostly isolated.[6]

Vocabulary

The following words were phonetically transcribed from Khinalug:[7]

Khinalug singular Khinalug plural Translation
arhaz arhazırdır pen (enclosure for livestock)
c’imir c’imirdir sparrow
izin izindir gingiva
kırab kırabırdır galoshes
mısır mısırdır rope
nek’id nek’idirdir back
t’uk’un t’uk’undur cheek
t’umbol t’umboldur prune
ustot ustoturdur pepper
ustul ustuldur table
dalıg dalιgιrdιr work
culoz culozurdur tooth
jalkan jalkandιr mane
kotuk kotukurdur tree stump
mekteb mektebirdir school (compare: maktab)
mizer mizerdir textile

Note: ı is roughly pronounced as the e in "fallen". u is roughly pronounced as the ou in "coup".

Alphabet

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
А А̃ Аь Б В Г Гъ ГӀ ГӀв Д Дж Дз Е Е̃ Ж З И И̃ Й К Кв Кк Кх Кхв Кхкх Къв Кь КьӀ КӀ КӀв Л Лъ М Н О О̃ Оь
а а̃ аь б в г гъ гӀ гӀв д дж дз е е̃ ж з и и̃ й к кв кк кх кхв кхкх къв кь кьӀ кӀ кӀв л лъ м н о о̃ оь
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74
П Пв ПӀ Р С Т Тт ТӀ ТӀв ТӀтӀ У У̃ Уь Ф Х Хъ Хъв Хь ХӀ Ӏ Ӏъ Ц Цв Цц ЦӀ ЦӀв Ч Чч ЧӀ ЧӀв Ш Шв Ъ Ы Э Ә Ә̃
п пв пӀ р с т тт тӀ тӀв тӀтӀ у у̃ уь ф х хъ хъв хь хӀ Ӏ Ӏъ ц цв цц цӀ цӀв ч чч чӀ чӀв ш шв ъ ы э ә ә̃

References

  1. ^ Khinalug at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Family tree of Northeast Caucasian languages at Ethnologue
  3. ^ Published in: Encyclopedia of the world’s endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211–280.
  4. ^ UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger Archived 2009-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ a b Clifton, J.M. (2005). "The sociolinguistic situation of the Khinalug in Azerbaijan" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ Schulze, Wolfgang (2003). "[Khinulag]". Anthropolgogical Linguistics. 450 (4): 450.
  7. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2010). Van Sanskriet tot Spijkerschrift: Breinbrekers uit alle talen [From Sanskrit to Cuneiform: Brain teasers from all languages] (in Dutch). Amsterdam University Press. pp. 12, 58–59. ISBN 9089641793. Retrieved 30 April 2016.

Further reading

  • Clifton, John M.; Deckinga, Gabriela; Lucht, Laura; Mak, Janfer; Tiessen, Calvin, Authors. 2005. "The Sociolinguistic Situation of the Khinalug In Azerbaijan."
  • Desheryev, Ju. D. 1959. Grammatika xinalugskogo jazyka. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow.
  • Hewitt, George. 2004. Introduction to the Study of the Languages of the Caucasus. LINCOM, Munich. p. 29.
  • Kibrik, Aleksandr E. 1972. Fragmenty grammatiki xinalugskogo jazyka. Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta, Moscow.
  • Kibrik, Aleksandr E. 1994. "Khinalug". In: The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus, vol. 4; Rieks Smeets (ed.); Caravan Books, Delmar (New York). pp. 367–406.
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