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File:Ronnie O'Sullivan's first maximum break.gif

Ronnie O'Sullivan's maximum at the 1997 World Championship (5 minutes 20 seconds)

In snooker, the maximum break under normal circumstances is 147.^[1] This is often known as a maximum, a 147, or orally, a one-four-seven, and is amassed by potting all fifteen reds with fifteen blacks for 120 points, followed by all six colours for a further 27 points.^[1]

Joe Davis compiled the first officially recognised maximum break in a 1955 exhibition match in London. In 1982, Steve Davis achieved the first official maximum in professional competition, which was also the first televised one. The following year, Cliff Thorburn became the first player to make a maximum in the World Championship. Ronnie O'Sullivan holds the record of thirteen competitive maximum breaks, and he also has the record for the fastest competitive maximum break at 5 minutes 20 seconds, set at the 1997 World Championship.

Maximum breaks have gradually become more commonplace in professional snooker. Only 8 maximums were achieved in the 1980s, but 26 were attained in the 1990s and 35 in the 2000s. Thus far in the 2010s, over 50 maximums have been achieved. The 100th official maximum break in professional competition was achieved by Mark Selby at the UK Championship on 7 December 2013.^[2]

Breaks greater than 147 are possible in a free ball situation. This has been achieved only once in professional competition, when Jamie Burnett made a 148 break in the qualifying stages of the 2004 UK Championship.

Milestones

Joe Davis compiled the first officially recognised maximum break on Saturday 22 January 1955 in a match against 68-year-old fellow Englishman Willie Smith at Leicester Square Hall, London.^[3] The Billiards Association and Control Council initially refused to accept the break since the match was not played under their rules. At the time the professionals played using a rule (now standard) whereby after a foul a player could compel the offender to play the next stroke. It was only at a meeting on 20 March 1957 that they recognised the break. Davis was presented with a certificate to commemorate his achievement.^[4] The match between Davis and Smith was played as part of a series of events marking the closure of Leicester Square Hall. The hall, known as Thurston's Hall until 1947,^[5] had hosted many important billiards and snooker matches since its opening in 1901, including 12 World Snooker Championship finals.^[6] The final match was a snooker contest, played on level terms, between Joe and Fred Davis from 24 to 29 January but from 17 to 22 January Joe Davis played Willie Smith at both billiards and snooker. In the snooker match Smith received 28 points in each frame but, despite this handicap, Davis won the match by 23 frames to 13.^[3]

The first official maximum break in professional competition was by Steve Davis in the 1982 Classic at the Queen Elizabeth Hall, Oldham, against fellow Englishman John Spencer^[7] winning a car for the achievement.^[8] This was also the first televised maximum.^[9] The following year, Canada's Cliff Thorburn became the first player to make a maximum at the World Championship, in the fourth frame of his second round match against Welsh player Terry Griffiths.^[10]

For the next 11 seasons, only 14 other official maximum breaks were scored. Starting with 1994/1995, a maximum break has been achieved every single season, with a peak of twelve maximums during the 2011/2012 season. The 100th officially recognised maximum break in professional competition was made on 7 December 2013 by Mark Selby in the 7th frame of his semi-final match at the UK Championship against Ricky Walden.^[11] The maximum break has now been officially achieved over a hundred times in professional competition.^[12] England's Ronnie O'Sullivan has compiled thirteen ratified competitive maximum breaks, the most by any professional player.^[13] Following him are Scotsmen Stephen Hendry and John Higgins with eleven and eight respectively and China's Ding Junhui with six. O'Sullivan also holds the record for the fastest competitive maximum break at 5 minutes 20 seconds, which he set at the 1997 World Championship.^[14]

At least six players have missed the final black on 140: Robin Hull, Ken Doherty, Barry Pinches, Mark Selby,^[15] Michael White^[16] and Thepchaiya Un-Nooh (twice in the 2015–16 season).^[17]^[18]

Breaks above 147 are possible when an opponent fouls and leaves a free ball with all fifteen reds still remaining on the table. A break greater than 147 has happened only once in professional competition, when Scotland's Jamie Burnett made a 148 at the qualifying stage of the 2004 UK Championship.^[19] England's Jamie Cope attained a break of 155, the highest possible break including a free ball, in a practice frame in 2005.^[20]^[21] Alex Higgins was said to have attained the same feat.^[22]

In other variants of snooker the value of the maximum break is different. In six-red snooker, the maximum is only 75 points, as there are fewer reds and thus fewer black-scoring opportunities. In snooker plus the maximum is 210 due to the additional, two high point-value colours, but this has never been achieved due to the distance between the highest value ball and the reds.^[23]

Official list

Table legend
^TV	Televised
(Q)	Qualifying rounds

The following table is a list of the official maximum breaks that have been achieved in professional competition.^[12]^[24]^[25]

Ratified maximum breaks in professional competition
No.	Date	Player	Age	Opponent	Event	Video
1	11 January 1982	Steve Davis	24 years, 142 days	John Spencer	Classic^TV
2	23 April 1983	Cliff Thorburn	35 years, 97 days	Terry Griffiths	World Championship^TV	^{[video 1]}
3	28 January 1984	Kirk Stevens	25 years, 164 days	Jimmy White	Masters^TV	^{[video 2]}
4	17 November 1987	Willie Thorne	33 years, 258 days	Tommy Murphy	UK Championship
5	20 February 1988	Tony Meo	28 years, 139 days	Stephen Hendry	Matchroom League
6	24 September 1988	Alain Robidoux	28 years, 61 days	Jim Meadowcroft	European Open (Q)
7	18 February 1989	John Rea	37 years, 75 days	Ian Black	Scottish Professional Championship
8	8 March 1989	Cliff Thorburn (2)	41 years, 51 days	Jimmy White	Matchroom League
9	16 January 1991	James Wattana	20 years, 364 days	Paul Dawkins	World Masters
10	5 June 1991	Peter Ebdon	20 years, 282 days	Wayne Martin	Strachan Open (Q)^[26]
11^[27]	25 February 1992	James Wattana (2)	22 years, 39 days	Tony Drago	British Open^TV	^{[video 3]}
12	22 April 1992	Jimmy White	29 years, 356 days	Tony Drago	World Championship^TV	^{[video 4]}
13	9 May 1992	John Parrott	27 years, 364 days	Tony Meo	Matchroom League
14	24 May 1992	Stephen Hendry	23 years, 132 days	Willie Thorne	Matchroom League
15^[28]	14 November 1992	Peter Ebdon (2)	22 years, 79 days	Ken Doherty	UK Championship
16^[29]	7 September 1994	David McDonnell	22 years, 331 days	Nic Barrow	British Open (Q)
17	27 April 1995	Stephen Hendry (2)	26 years, 104 days	Jimmy White	World Championship^TV	^{[video 5]}
18	25 November 1995	Stephen Hendry (3)	26 years, 316 days	Gary Wilkinson	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 6]}
19	5 January 1997	Stephen Hendry (4)	27 years, 358 days	Ronnie O'Sullivan	Charity Challenge^TV	^{[video 7]}
20	21 April 1997	Ronnie O'Sullivan	21 years, 137 days	Mick Price	World Championship^TV	^{[video 8]}
21	18 September 1997	James Wattana (3)	27 years, 244 days	Pang Weiguo	China International
22	16 May 1998	Stephen Hendry (5)	29 years, 123 days	Ken Doherty	Premier League^TV	^{[video 9]}
23	10 August 1998	Adrian Gunnell	25 years, 351 days	Mario Wehrmann	Thailand Masters (Q)
24	13 August 1998	Mehmet Husnu	26 years, 19 days	Eddie Barker	China International (Q)
25	13 January 1999	Jason Prince	28 years, 210 days	Ian Brumby	British Open (Q)
26	29 January 1999	Ronnie O'Sullivan (2)	23 years, 55 days	James Wattana	Welsh Open^TV	^{[video 10]}
27	4 February 1999	Stuart Bingham	22 years, 259 days	Barry Hawkins	UK Tour – Event 3
28	22 March 1999	Nick Dyson	29 years, 93 days	Adrian Gunnell	UK Tour – Event 4
29	6 April 1999	Graeme Dott	21 years, 329 days	David Roe	British Open^TV
30	19 September 1999	Stephen Hendry (6)	30 years, 249 days	Peter Ebdon	British Open^TV	^{[video 11]}
31	21 September 1999	Barry Pinches	29 years, 70 days	Joe Johnson	Welsh Open (Q)
32	13 October 1999	Ronnie O'Sullivan (3)	23 years, 312 days	Graeme Dott	Grand Prix^TV	^{[video 12]}
33	4 November 1999	Karl Burrows	31 years, 322 days^[30]	Adrian Rosa	Benson & Hedges Championship
34	22 November 1999	Stephen Hendry (7)	30 years, 313 days	Paul Wykes	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 13]}
35	21 January 2000	John Higgins	24 years, 248 days	Dennis Taylor	Nations Cup^TV	^{[video 14]}
36	24 March 2000	John Higgins (2)	24 years, 311 days	Jimmy White	Irish Masters^TV	^{[video 15]}
37	28 March 2000	Stephen Maguire	19 years, 15 days	Phaitoon Phonbun	Scottish Open (Q)
38	5 April 2000	Ronnie O'Sullivan (4)	24 years, 122 days	Quinten Hann	Scottish Open^TV	^{[video 16]}
39	25 October 2000	Marco Fu	22 years, 291 days	Ken Doherty	Scottish Masters^TV	^{[video 17]}
40	7 November 2000	David McLellan	30 years, 302 days	Steve Meakin	Benson & Hedges Championship
41	19 November 2000	Nick Dyson (2)	30 years, 336 days	Robert Milkins	UK Championship
42	25 February 2001	Stephen Hendry (8)	32 years, 43 days	Mark Williams	Malta Grand Prix^TV	^{[video 18]}
43	17 October 2001	Ronnie O'Sullivan (5)	25 years, 316 days	Drew Henry	LG Cup^TV	^{[video 19]}
44	12 November 2001	Shaun Murphy	19 years, 94 days	Adrian Rosa	Benson & Hedges Championship
45	28 October 2002	Tony Drago	37 years, 36 days	Stuart Bingham	Benson & Hedges Championship
46	22 April 2003	Ronnie O'Sullivan (6)	27 years, 138 days	Marco Fu	World Championship^TV	^{[video 20]}
47	12 October 2003	John Higgins (3)	28 years, 147 days	Mark Williams	LG Cup^TV	^{[video 21]}
48	12 November 2003	John Higgins (4)	28 years, 178 days	Michael Judge	British Open^TV	^{[video 22]}
49	4 October 2004	John Higgins (5)	29 years, 139 days	Ricky Walden	Grand Prix^TV	^{[video 23]}
50	17 November 2004	David Gray	25 years, 282 days	Mark Selby	UK Championship
51	20 April 2005	Mark Williams	30 years, 30 days	Robert Milkins	World Championship^TV	^{[video 24]}
52	22 November 2005	Stuart Bingham (2)	29 years, 185 days	Marcus Campbell	Masters Qualifying Event
53	14 March 2006	Robert Milkins	30 years, 8 days	Mark Selby	World Championship (Q)
54	23 October 2006	Jamie Cope	21 years, 41 days	Michael Holt	Grand Prix
55	14 January 2007	Ding Junhui	19 years, 288 days	Anthony Hamilton	Masters^TV	^{[video 25]}
56	15 February 2007	Andrew Higginson	29 years, 64 days	Ali Carter	Welsh Open^TV	^{[video 26]}
57	19 September 2007	Jamie Burnett	32 years, 3 days	Liu Song	Grand Prix (Q)
58	14 October 2007	Tom Ford	24 years, 58 days	Steve Davis	Grand Prix
59	8 November 2007	Ronnie O'Sullivan (7)	31 years, 338 days	Ali Carter	Northern Ireland Trophy^TV	^{[video 27]}
60	15 December 2007	Ronnie O'Sullivan (8)	32 years, 10 days	Mark Selby	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 28]}
61	29 March 2008	Stephen Maguire (2)	27 years, 16 days	Ryan Day	China Open^TV	^{[video 29]}
62	28 April 2008	Ronnie O'Sullivan (9)	32 years, 145 days	Mark Williams	World Championship^TV	^{[video 30]}
63	29 April 2008	Ali Carter	28 years, 279 days	Peter Ebdon	World Championship^TV	^{[video 31]}
64	2 October 2008	Jamie Cope (2)	23 years, 20 days	Mark Williams	Shanghai Masters^TV	^{[video 32]}
65	29 October 2008	Liang Wenbo	21 years, 238 days	Martin Gould	Bahrain Championship (Q)
66	8 November 2008	Marcus Campbell	36 years, 47 days	Ahmed Basheer Al-Khusaibi	Bahrain Championship^TV
67	16 December 2008	Ding Junhui (2)	21 years, 259 days	John Higgins	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 33]}
68	28 April 2009	Stephen Hendry (9)	40 years, 105 days	Shaun Murphy	World Championship^TV	^{[video 34]}
69	5 June 2009	Mark Selby	25 years, 351 days	Joe Perry	Jiangsu Classic^TV
70	1 April 2010	Neil Robertson	28 years, 49 days	Peter Ebdon	China Open^TV	^{[video 35]}
71	25 June 2010	Kurt Maflin	26 years, 321 days	Michal Zielinski	Players Tour Championship – Event 1
72	6 August 2010	Barry Hawkins	31 years, 105 days	James McGouran	Players Tour Championship – Event 3
73	20 September 2010	Ronnie O'Sullivan (10)	34 years, 289 days	Mark King	World Open^TV (Q)	^{[video 36]}
74	22 October 2010	Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon	16 years, 312 days	Barry Hawkins	Rhein–Main Masters
75	23 October 2010	Mark Williams (2)	35 years, 216 days	Diana Schuler	Rhein–Main Masters	^{[video 37]}
76	19 November 2010	Rory McLeod	39 years, 238 days	Issara Kachaiwong	Prague Classic
77	17 February 2011	Stephen Hendry (10)	42 years, 35 days	Stephen Maguire	Welsh Open^TV	^{[video 38]}
78	26 August 2011	Ronnie O'Sullivan (11)	35 years, 264 days	Adam Duffy	Paul Hunter Classic^TV	^{[video 39]}
79^[31]	22 November 2011	Mike Dunn	40 years, 2 days	Kurt Maflin	German Masters (Q)
80^[32]	27 November 2011	David Gray (2)	32 years, 291 days	Robbie Williams	Players Tour Championship – Event 10 (Q)
81^[33]	29 November 2011	Ricky Walden	29 years, 18 days	Gareth Allen	Players Tour Championship – Event 10	^{[video 40]}
82^[34]	15 December 2011	Matthew Stevens	32 years, 95 days	Michael Wasley	FFB Snooker Open
83^[34]	15 December 2011	Ding Junhui (3)	24 years, 258 days	Brandon Winstone	FFB Snooker Open
84^[35]	17 December 2011	Ding Junhui (4)	24 years, 260 days	James Cahill	Players Tour Championship – Event 11^TV	^{[video 41]}
85^[36]	18 December 2011	Jamie Cope (3)	26 years, 97 days	Kurt Maflin	Players Tour Championship – Event 11
86^[37]	14 January 2012	Marco Fu (2)	34 years, 6 days	Matthew Selt	World Open (Q)	^{[video 42]}
87^[38]	11 April 2012	Robert Milkins (2)	36 years, 36 days	Xiao Guodong	World Championship (Q)	^{[video 43]}
88^[39]	21 April 2012	Stephen Hendry (11)	43 years, 99 days	Stuart Bingham	World Championship^TV	^{[video 44]}
89^[40]	1 July 2012	Stuart Bingham (3)	36 years, 41 days	Ricky Walden	Wuxi Classic^TV	^{[video 45]}
90^[41]	24 August 2012	Ken Doherty	42 years, 342 days	Julian Treiber	Paul Hunter Classic
91^[42]	23 September 2012	John Higgins (6)	37 years, 128 days	Judd Trump	Shanghai Masters^TV	^{[video 46]}
92^[43]	16 November 2012	Tom Ford (2)	29 years, 91 days	Matthew Stevens	Bulgarian Open^TV	^{[video 47]}
93^[44]	21 November 2012	Andy Hicks	39 years, 103 days	Daniel Wells	UK Championship (Q)
94^[45]	22 November 2012	Jack Lisowski	21 years, 150 days	Chen Zhe	UK Championship (Q)
95^[46]	5 December 2012	John Higgins (7)	37 years, 201 days	Mark Davis	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 48]}
96^[47]	14 December 2012	Kurt Maflin (2)	29 years, 128 days	Stuart Carrington	Scottish Open
97^[48]	16 March 2013	Ding Junhui (5)	25 years, 349 days	Mark Allen	Players Tour Championship – Finals^TV	^{[video 49]}
98^[49]	28 May 2013	Neil Robertson (2)	31 years, 106 days	Mohamed Khairy	Wuxi Classic (Q)	^{[video 50]}
99^[50]	15 November 2013	Judd Trump	24 years, 87 days	Mark Selby	Antwerp Open
100^[11]	7 December 2013	Mark Selby (2)	30 years, 171 days	Ricky Walden	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 51]}
101^[51]	11 December 2013	Dechawat Poomjaeng	35 years, 153 days	Zak Surety	German Masters (Q)
102^[52]	12 December 2013	Gary Wilson	28 years, 123 days	Ricky Walden	German Masters (Q)
103^[53]	8 January 2014	Shaun Murphy (2)	31 years, 151 days	Mark Davis	Championship League	^{[video 52]}
104^[54]	9 February 2014	Shaun Murphy (3)	31 years, 183 days	Jamie Jones	Gdynia Open	^{[video 53]}
105^[55]	2 March 2014	Ronnie O'Sullivan (12)	38 years, 87 days	Ding Junhui	Welsh Open^TV	^{[video 54]}
106^[56]	22 August 2014	Aditya Mehta	28 years, 295 days	Stephen Maguire	Paul Hunter Classic
107^[57]	23 October 2014	Ryan Day	34 years, 214 days	Cao Yupeng	Haining Open	^{[video 55]}
108^[58]	23 November 2014	Shaun Murphy (4)	32 years, 105 days	Robert Milkins	Ruhr Open^TV	^{[video 56]}
109^[59]	4 December 2014	Ronnie O'Sullivan (13)	38 years, 364 days	Matthew Selt	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 57]}
110^[60]	12 December 2014	Ben Woollaston	27 years, 212 days	Joe Steele	Lisbon Open
111^[61]	5 January 2015	Barry Hawkins (2)	35 years, 257 days	Stephen Maguire	Championship League	^{[video 58]}
112^[62]	11 January 2015	Marco Fu (3)	37 years, 3 days	Stuart Bingham	Masters^TV	^{[video 59]}
113^[63]	6 February 2015	Judd Trump (2)	25 years, 170 days	Mark Selby	German Masters	^{[video 60]}
114^[64]	10 February 2015	David Gilbert	33 years, 243 days	Xiao Guodong	Championship League	^{[video 61]}
115^[65]	6 December 2015	Neil Robertson (3)	33 years, 298 days	Liang Wenbo	UK Championship^TV	^{[video 62]}
116^[66]	11 December 2015	Marco Fu (4)	37 years, 337 days	Sam Baird	Gibraltar Open	^{[video 63]}
117^[67]	19 February 2016	Ding Junhui (6)	28 years, 324 days	Neil Robertson	Welsh Open^TV	^{[video 64]}
118^[68]	25 February 2016	Fergal O'Brien	43 years, 354 days	Mark Davis	Championship League	^{[video 65]}
119^[69]	27 August 2016	Thepchaiya Un-Nooh	31 years, 131 days	Kurt Maflin	Paul Hunter Classic^TV	^{[video 66]}
120^[70]	20 September 2016	Stephen Maguire (3)	35 years, 191 days	Yi Chen Xu	Shanghai Masters
121^[71]	28 September 2016	Shaun Murphy (5)	34 years, 49 days	Allan Taylor	European Masters (Q)	^{[video 67]}
122^[72]	11 October 2016	Alfie Burden	39 years, 302 days	Daniel Wells	English Open
123^[73]	16 November 2016	John Higgins (8)	41 years, 182 days	Sam Craigie	Northern Ireland Open^TV	^{[video 68]}
124^[74]	27 November 2016	Mark Allen	30 years, 279 days	Rod Lawler	UK Championship
125^[75]	8 December 2016	Ali Carter (2)	37 years, 136 days	Wang Yuchen	German Masters (Q)
126^[75]	8 December 2016	Ross Muir	21 years, 63 days	Itaro Santos	German Masters (Q)
127^[76]	10 January 2017	Mark Davis	44 years, 151 days	Neil Robertson	Championship League	^{[video 69]}
128^[77]	1 February 2017	Tom Ford (3)	33 years, 168 days	Peter Ebdon	German Masters^TV	^{[video 70]}
129^[78]	2 March 2017	Mark Davis (2)	44 years, 202 days	John Higgins	Championship League	^{[video 71]}
130^[79]	30 March 2017	Judd Trump (3)	27 years, 222 days	Tian Pengfei	China Open^TV	^{[video 72]}
131^[80]	6 April 2017	Gary Wilson (2)	31 years, 238 days	Josh Boileau	World Championship (Q)

Statistics

Players with multiple maximum breaks
No.	Player	Number	Most recent 147
1	Ronnie O'Sullivan	13	2014
2	Stephen Hendry	11	2012
3	John Higgins	8	2016
4	Ding Junhui	6	2016
5	Shaun Murphy	5	2016
6	Marco Fu	4	2015
7	James Wattana	3	1997
	Jamie Cope	3	2011
	Stuart Bingham	3	2012
	Neil Robertson	3	2015
	Stephen Maguire	3	2016
	Tom Ford	3	2017
	Judd Trump	3	2017
14	Cliff Thorburn	2	1989
	Peter Ebdon	2	1992
	Nick Dyson	2	2000
	Mark Williams	2	2010
	David Gray	2	2011
	Robert Milkins	2	2012
	Kurt Maflin	2	2012
	Mark Selby	2	2013
	Barry Hawkins	2	2015
	Ali Carter	2	2016
	Mark Davis	2	2017
	Gary Wilson	2	2017

Maximum breaks by country
No.	Country	Players	Total 147s	Most recent 147
1	England	32	65	2017
2	Scotland	9	28	2016
3	China	2	7	2016
4	Thailand	4	6	2016
5	Canada	3	4	1989
	Wales	3	4	2014
	Hong Kong	1	4	2015
8	Australia	1	3	2015
8	Ireland	3	3	2016
10	Northern Ireland	2	2	2016
10	Norway	1	2	2012
12	Cyprus	1	1	1998
	Malta	1	1	2002
	India	1	1	2014

Players with multiple televised maximum breaks
No.	Player	Number	Most recent 147
1	Ronnie O'Sullivan	13	2014
2	Stephen Hendry	10	2012
3	John Higgins	8	2016
4	Ding Junhui	5	2016
5	Mark Selby	2	2013
	Marco Fu	2	2015
	Neil Robertson	2	2015
	Tom Ford	2	2017

Televised maximum breaks by country
No.	Country	Players	Total 147s	Most recent 147
1	England	11	25	2017
2	Scotland	5	21	2016
3	China	1	5	2016
4	Canada	2	2	1984
	Hong Kong	1	2	2015
	Australia	1	2	2015
	Thailand	2	2	2016
8	Wales	1	1	2005

Table legend
^TV	Televised
(Q)	Qualifying rounds

Multiple maximum breaks in tournaments
No.	Tournament	Player(s)	Venue(s)	Year
1	Matchroom League	John Parrott	Jimmy White Snooker Lodge, Aldershot	1992
1	Matchroom League	Stephen Hendry	Rhondda Sports Centre, Rhondda	1992
2	British Open	Jason Prince (Q)	Hazel Grove Snooker Club, Stockport	1999 (Spring)
2	British Open	Graeme Dott^TV	Plymouth Pavilions, Plymouth	1999 (Spring)
3	Scottish Open	Stephen Maguire (Q)	A.E.C.C, Aberdeen	2000
3	Scottish Open	Ronnie O'Sullivan^TV	A.E.C.C, Aberdeen	2000
4	Grand Prix	Jamie Burnett (Q)	World Snooker Centre, Prestatyn	2007
4	Grand Prix	Tom Ford	A.E.C.C, Aberdeen	2007
5	World Snooker Championship	Ali Carter^TV	Crucible Theatre, Sheffield	2008
5	World Snooker Championship	Ronnie O'Sullivan^TV	Crucible Theatre, Sheffield	2008
6	Bahrain Championship	Liang Wenbo (Q)	World Snooker Centre, Prestatyn	2008
6	Bahrain Championship	Marcus Campbell^TV	Bahrain International Exhibition Centre, Manama	2008
7	Rhein–Main Masters	Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon	Walter Kobel Sporthalle, Rüsselsheim	2010
7	Rhein–Main Masters	Mark Williams	Walter Kobel Sporthalle, Rüsselsheim	2010
8^[81]	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 10	David Gray (Q)	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield	2011
8^[81]	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 10	Ricky Walden	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield	2011
9^[82]	2012 FFB Snooker Open	Matthew Stevens	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield	2011
9^[82]	2012 FFB Snooker Open	Ding Junhui	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield	2011
10^[83]	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 11	Ding Junhui^TV	English Institute of Sport, Sheffield	2011
10^[83]	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 11	Jamie Cope	English Institute of Sport, Sheffield	2011
11^[84]	World Snooker Championship	Robert Milkins (Q)	English Institute of Sport, Sheffield	2012
11^[84]	World Snooker Championship	Stephen Hendry^TV	Crucible Theatre, Sheffield	2012
12^[85]	UK Championship	Andy Hicks (Q)	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield	2012
		Jack Lisowski (Q)	World Snooker Academy, Sheffield
		John Higgins^TV	Barbican Centre, York
13^[86]	2014 German Masters	Dechawat Poomjaeng (Q)	Barnsley Metrodome, Barnsley	2013
13^[86]	2014 German Masters	Gary Wilson (Q)	Barnsley Metrodome, Barnsley	2013
14^[75]	2017 German Masters	Ali Carter (Q)	Barnsley Metrodome, Barnsley	2016
		Ross Muir (Q)	Barnsley Metrodome, Barnsley	2016
		Tom Ford^TV	Tempodrom, Berlin	2017
15^[78]	2017 Championship League	Mark Davis	Ricoh Arena, Coventry	2017
15^[78]	2017 Championship League	Mark Davis	Ricoh Arena, Coventry	2017

Table legend
^TV	Televised
(Q)	Qualifying rounds
(D)	Deciding frame

Match-winning maximum breaks
No.	Player	Tournament	Year	Round
1^[87]	Stephen Hendry	Charity Challenge	1997	Final^TV (D)
2^[88]	Mark Williams	World Championship	2005	Last 32^TV
3^[89]	Ronnie O'Sullivan	UK Championship	2007	Semi-final^TV (D)
4^[90]	Ronnie O'Sullivan	World Championship	2008	Last 16^TV
5^[91]	Barry Hawkins	Players Tour Championship 2010/2011 – Event 3	2010	Last 32
6^[92]	Ronnie O'Sullivan	World Open	2010	Last 64^TV (Q)
7^[34]	Matthew Stevens	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12	2011	Last 128
8^[35]	Ding Junhui	Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 11	2011	Last 128^TV
9^[44]	Andy Hicks	UK Championship	2012	Last 80 (Q)
10^[54]	Shaun Murphy	European Tour 2013/2014 – Event 8	2014	Last 16
11^[93]	Ronnie O'Sullivan	Welsh Open	2014	Final^TV
12^[57]	Ryan Day	Asian Tour 2014/2015 – Event 2	2014	Last 32
13^[59]	Ronnie O'Sullivan	UK Championship	2014	Last 16^TV
14^[73]	John Higgins	Northern Ireland Open	2016	Last 64^TV
15^[76]	Mark Davis	Championship League	2017	Group Final (D)
16^[78]	Mark Davis	Championship League	2017	Winners' Group (D)

Records

Firsts

The first known maximum break was made by Murt O'Donoghue at Griffith, New South Wales, Australia on 26 September 1934.^[94]^[95]
Joe Davis compiled the first officially ratified 147 against Willie Smith in an exhibition match on 22 January 1955 at Leicester Square Hall, London.^[9]^[96]
The first officially ratified maximum in competition was made by Rex Williams against Manuel Francisco in a match, Professionals v. Amateurs, on 23 December 1965 in Cape Town.^[95]^[97]
The first maximum compiled in professional competition was made by John Spencer on 13 January 1979 at the Holsten Lager Tournament against Cliff Thorburn, but it was not officially ratified due to oversized pockets.^[94] His achievement also wasn't recorded, as the television-crew were away on a tea-break.^[95]^[98]
The first official maximum break in professional competition was made by Steve Davis in the 1982 Classic against Spencer.^[94] This was also the first televised 147.^[9]
In 1983, Cliff Thorburn became the first player to make a maximum break at the World Championships, a feat that has since been repeated by Jimmy White, Stephen Hendry (three times), Ronnie O'Sullivan (three times), Mark Williams and Ali Carter.^[39]^[99]
Cliff Thorburn became, in March 1989, the first player to have made more than one competitive maximum break, while Stephen Hendry became, in November 1995, the first player to have made more than one televised maximum break.^[24]^[25]
Mark Williams became the first person to compile an official maximum break against a woman, at the Rhein–Main Masters in October 2010.^[24]^[25]

Multiple maximums

More than one official maximum break has been made in the same event on fifteen occasions:
- The 2008 World Snooker Championship is the only event where both maximum breaks were televised.^[100]
- Three official maximums at the same WPBSA event have been achieved twice: at the 2012 UK Championship, when Andy Hicks and Jack Lisowski both compiled one each in qualifying and John Higgins compiled one at the last 16 of the televised stages,^[85] and similarly at the 2017 German Masters where Ali Carter and Ross Muir both compiled one each during qualifying and Tom Ford during the televised stages.^[77]
- Mark Davis became the only player to make two ratified maximum breaks in professional competition at the same event when he compiled two 147s at the 2017 Championship League.^[101]
- The 2012 FFB Snooker Open and 2017 German Masters are the only WPBSA (World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association) events where two maximums were made on the same day.^[34]^[75] Three non-ratified maximum breaks were compiled on 8 February 1998 during the Buckley's Bitter Challenge, by Matthew Stevens, Ryan Day and Tony Chappell.^[102]

There have been at least four matches where more than one maximum was compiled. Peter Ebdon compiled two maximum breaks during an 11-frame exhibition match at Eastbourne Police Club on 15 April 1996. In 2003 he also compiled two consecutive maximum breaks against Steve Davis in an exhibition match.^[94]^[95] In 2009 Jimmy White and Ronnie O'Sullivan compiled consecutive maximum breaks at an exhibition match in Ireland.^[103] Mark King and Joe Jogia achieved the same feat at the Grove Open later in the same year.^[104] The only player known to compile more than two maximum breaks on a single occasion is Adrian Gunnell, who compiled three maximums in four frames at a club in Telford in 2003 while practising against Ian Duffy.^[105]^[106]
Higgins and O'Sullivan are the only players to record maximum breaks in consecutive ranking events. Higgins made one during his defeat by Mark Williams in the LG Cup final, and then one in his second round match at the British Open in 2003.^[107]^[108] O'Sullivan made one at the Northern Ireland Trophy and another at the UK Championship in 2007.^[89]^[109] Since top 16 players were seeded through to the second round at the 2003 British Open, Higgins' maximums also came in consecutive ranking matches, albeit not in the same tournament.
Higgins' maximum breaks at the 2003 LG Cup and 2004 Grand Prix made him the first and only player to record maximums in the same tournament in successive years (the LG Cup being the sponsor's name for that year's Grand Prix). Since Higgins made the maximums in the 2003 final and the 2004 first round, he made maximums in successive rounds of the same tournament but not at the same event.^[110]

Final frames and matches

Hendry, Mark Williams, O'Sullivan (on five occasions), Barry Hawkins, Matthew Stevens, Ding Junhui, Andy Hicks, Shaun Murphy, Ryan Day, John Higgins and Mark Davis (on two occasions) have all made maximums to win matches. Only four of these have come in final-frame deciders, however: Hendry's at the 1997 Charity Challenge, O'Sullivan's at the 2007 UK Championship and both of Davis' at the 2017 Championship League.
Only Hendry, John Higgins, Stuart Bingham, Ronnie O'Sullivan, Shaun Murphy and Neil Robertson have made maximums in finals of tournaments. Hendry has made three: the first at the 1997 Charity Challenge,^[87] the second at the 1999 British Open^[111] and the third at the 2001 Malta Grand Prix;^[112] Higgins has made two: the first at the 2003 LG Cup^[107] and the second at the 2012 Shanghai Masters;^[113] Bingham at the 2012 Wuxi Classic;^[114] O'Sullivan at the 2014 Welsh Open;^[93] Murphy at the 2014 Ruhr Open^[58] and Robertson at the 2015 UK Championship. Robertson's maximum is the only one to be compiled in the final of a Triple Crown event.^[65]

Chronometrical

Ronnie O'Sullivan compiled the fastest maximum break in snooker, which took 5 minutes and 20 seconds recorded in the first round of the 1997 World Championship.^[115]^[116] Michael White compiled the fastest maximum break in six-red snooker, it took 2 minutes and 28 seconds in the group stage of the 2009 Six-red World Championship.^[115]^[117]
The youngest player to make a 147 in any competition is Judd Trump at the Potters Under-16 Tournament at the age of 14 years and 206 days.^[115] The youngest player to make an official 147 in professional competition is Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon at the 2010 Rhein–Main Master at the age of 16 years and 312 days.^[115] The youngest player to have made a televised 147 is Ding Junhui at the age of 19 years and 9 months in the 2007 Masters.^[118]^[119]
The oldest player to make an official maximum in professional competition is Mark Davis, who compiled one in the 2017 Championship League at the age of 44 years old.^[76]

Prize money

In professional tournaments there was usually a substantial prize awarded to any player achieving a 147 break. For example, Ronnie O'Sullivan's maximum at the 1997 World Championship earned him £165,000. Of this, £147,000 was for making the 147 break and £18,000 was for achieving the highest break of the tournament.^[120] This was however abolished in the 2010/2011 season.

In the 2011/2012 season World Snooker introduced a roll-over system for the maximum break prize money, the "rolling 147 prize".^[121] A maximum break is worth £5,000 in the televised stages and £500 in qualifying stages of major ranking events. There is a £500 prize in the Players Tour Championship events from the last 128 onwards.^[122] If a maximum is not made then the prize rolls over to the next event until somebody wins it.^[121]

At the 2016 Welsh Open, Ronnie O'Sullivan defeated Barry Pinches 4–1 in the first round. In the fifth frame of the match, O'Sullivan declined the opportunity to make a maximum break, potting the pink off the penultimate red and completing a break of 146. He stated afterward that the prize money of £10,000 was not worthy of a 147. World Snooker chairman Barry Hearn called the decision "unacceptable" and "disrespectful".^[123]

Breaks exceeding 147

A break higher than 147 can be achieved when an opponent fouls and leaves the incoming player snookered on all 15 reds. The player can nominate one of the other colours as a red, known as a "free ball", which carries the same value as a red for just that shot. By potting the free ball followed by a colour, then the reds with colours and the colours up to the pink or black, the player can compile a break of more than 147. If the free ball is followed by a black, and the player goes on to clear the table taking all reds with blacks and then all six colours, the total score for the break is 155.^[124] In six-red snooker this is 83 and in snooker plus 221.

In October 2004, during qualifying for the UK Championship, Jamie Burnett became the first player to record a break of more than 147 in tournament play, when he scored 148 against Leo Fernandez. He took the brown as the free ball, then potted the brown again followed by the 15 reds with 12 blacks, two pinks and a blue, then the six colours.^[19]^[94]^[125]

There are also at least eight breaks exceeding 147 that have been recorded in non-tournament settings:

A 151 is reported to have been compiled by Wally West against Butch Rogers in West London's Hounslow Luciana snooker club during a club match in 1976. After Rogers fouled, West took the green as his free ball followed by the brown. He then took 14 reds and blacks and a pink off the last red. He then cleared up to make the 151.^[94]^[126]^[127]
In April 1988 Steve Duggan made a 148 in a practice frame against Mark Rowing in Doncaster.^[94]^[128]
In 1993 Stephen Hendry made a 148 in a practice match against Alfie Burden.^[94]
In 1995 Tony Drago made a 149 in practice against Nick Manning in West Norwood, London, that was recorded by the Guinness Book of Records as the highest in this category. In that match Drago nominated the brown as the free ball, to score one point. He then potted the brown again, for four more points, before potting the 15 reds with 13 blacks, a pink and a blue, then all the colours.^[94]^[128]
In 1997 Eddie Manning achieved a 149 break in a practice match against Kam Pandya at Willie Thorne's Snooker Club in Leicester. Like Drago he took brown, brown, 13 blacks, pink and blue.^[94]
In April 2003 Jamie Cope made a 151 break at The Reardon Snooker Club during a practice game with David Fomm-Ward. After a foul by his opponent, Cope was snookered behind the brown ball. He took the brown as the free ball and then potted the blue, 13 reds with blacks and two with pinks, then the six colours.^[94]
In the middle of 2005, Jamie Cope made snooker's first maximum 155 break in a witnessed practice frame.^[129]
In November 2010 Sam Harvey made a 151 break in a practice match against Kyren Wilson at his home club in Bedford. Harvey potted the brown as the free ball and then the black, 12 reds with blacks, two with pinks and one with blue, then the six colours.^[94]^[130]

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^ "Ronnie O'Sullivan criticised after turning down 'too cheap' 147 at Welsh Open". BBC Sport. 16 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
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^ Everton, Clive (12 October 2005). "Murphy shows the form and confidence of a champion". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 January 2007.
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Videos

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[6] "Farewell Leicester Square - Hall of Memories lost to Billiards". The Times. 17 January 1955. p. 3.

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[10] "Snooker's historic maximum breaks". Sporting Life. 7 December 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2014.

[2013_Selby_147-11] "Selby Makes Historic 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 7 December 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2013.

[Official_147s-12] "Official 147s". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 21 November 2016.

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[15] Near-miss for Mark Selby in easy win over Mark King in China

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[18] Thepchaiya Un-Nooh misses final-black maximum again

[burnettguardian-19] Everton, Clive (18 October 2004). "Burnett's break goes one better". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 May 2012.

[20] Everton, Clive (12 October 2005). "Murphy shows the form and confidence of a champion". The Guardian.

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[Global_Snooker_(2010_-_Max_Files)-25] "Cuefacts – The 'Max' Files". Global-Snooker.com. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[28] Turner, Chris. "Strachan Open, Strachan Challenges". cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk. Chris Turner's Snooker Archive. Archived from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.

[29] "Tragedy mars Wattana triumph". The Times. 26 February 1992. p. 28.

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[71] "Gray Lights Up PTC10". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 29 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[72] "Wonderful Walden". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Retrieved 30 November 2011.

[Maximum_Madness-74] "Maximum Madness". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[4th_max_of_Ding-75] "Ding Makes Another 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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[78] "Fu Through With A 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 16 January 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[80] "Maximum Glory For Milkins". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 13 April 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Hendry_maximum_break-82] "Sensational Hendry Scores 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 23 April 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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[Doherty_first_Max-86] Glennon, Micil (24 August 2012). "Ken Doherty makes first tournament 147 break at the Arcaden Paul Hunter Classic". RTÉ Sport. Retrieved 24 August 2012.

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[Ford_2012_max-89] "Maximum Man Ford Into Last 16". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 16 November 2012. Archived from the original on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Hicks_2012_max-91] "Handy Andy Makes UK Maximum". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 29 November 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Lisowski_2012_max-92] Kalb, Rolf. "UK Championship – Auch Lisowski gelingt ein Maximum-Break" (in German). Eurosport DE. Retrieved 22 November 2012.

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[Trump_2013_max-100] "Trump Makes 147 In Antwerp". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. Archived from the original on 18 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[2013_Poomjaeng_147-102] "Poomjaeng Joins 147 Club". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 11 December 2013. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[2013_Wilson_147-103] "Wilson Makes 147 in Barnsley". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 12 December 2013. Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[2014_Murphy_Championship_League_147-104] "Murphy produces maximum magic at Championship League". ESPN. 8 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.

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[O'Sullivan_2014_max-108] "Magical Maximum Seals Rocket Triumph". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 2 March 2014. Archived from the original on 6 March 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Mehta_2014_max-110] "Mehta 147/O'Sullivan In Form". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 22 August 2014. Archived from the original on 23 August 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Day_2014_max-111] "Day makes first 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

[Murphy_2014_Ruhr_Open_max-113] "Murphy Wins In Mulheim – And Makes 147". worldsnooker.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. 23 November 2014. Archived from the original on 27 November 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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[65] Neil Robertson, China Open, 2010 on YouTube

[66] Ronnie O'Sullivan, World Open, 2010 on YouTube

[67] Mark Williams, Rhein-Main Masters, 2010 on YouTube

[68] Stephen Hendry, Welsh Open, 2011 on YouTube

[69] Ronnie O'Sullivan, Paul Hunter Classic, 2011 on YouTube

[73] Ricky Walden, PTC Event 10, 2011 on YouTube

[76] Ding Junhui, PTC Event 1, 2011 on YouTube

[79] Marco Fu, World Open Qualifying, 2012 on YouTube

[81] Robert Milkins, World Championship Qualifying, 2012 on YouTube

[83] Stephen Hendry, World Championship, 2012 on YouTube

[85] Stuart Bingham, Wuxi Classic, 2012 on YouTube

[88] John Higgins, Shanghai Masters, 2012 on YouTube

[90] Tom Ford, Bulgarian Open, 2012 on YouTube

[94] John Higgins, UK Championship, 2012 on YouTube

[97] Ding Junhui, PTC Finals, 2013 on YouTube

[99] Neil Robertson, Wuxi Classic Qualifying, 2013 on YouTube

[101] Mark Selby, UK Championship, 2013 on YouTube

[105] Shaun Murphy, Championship League, 2014 on YouTube

[107] Shaun Murphy, Gdynia Open, 2014 on YouTube

[109] Ronnie O'Sullivan, Welsh Open, 2014 on YouTube

[112] Ryan Day, Haining Open, 2014 on YouTube

[114] Shaun Murphy, Ruhr Open, 2014 on YouTube

[116] Ronnie O'Sullivan, UK Championship, 2014 on YouTube

[119] Barry Hawkins, Championship League, 2015 on YouTube

[121] Marco Fu, Masters, 2015 on YouTube

[123] Judd Trump, German Masters, 2015 on YouTube

[125] David Gilbert, Championship League, 2015 on YouTube

[127] Neil Robertson, UK Championship, 2015 on YouTube

[129] Marco Fu, Gibraltar Open, 2015 on YouTube

[131] Ding Junhui, Welsh Open, 2016 on YouTube

[133] Fergal O'Brien, Championship League, 2016 on YouTube

[135] Thepchaiya Un-Nooh, Paul Hunter Classic, 2016 on YouTube

[138] Shaun Murphy, European Masters, 2016 on YouTube

[141] John Higgins, Northern Ireland Open, 2016 on YouTube

[145] Mark Davis, Championship League, 2017 on YouTube

[147] Tom Ford, German Masters, 2017 on YouTube

[149] Mark Davis, Championship League, 2017 on YouTube

[151] Judd Trump, China Open, 2017 on YouTube

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