Gubin is a town in south-western Poland which lies on the right bank of the Nysa Łużycka river with 15,000 inhabitants (2005). Situated in the Krosno Odrzańskie County of the Lubusz Voivodeship since 1999, previously in Zielona Góra Voivodeship between 1975-1998. The city is located on the Nysa Łużycka river, the Polish-German rail and road border crossings are nearby with the German city of Guben, of which Gubin was until 1945 the eastern part of the city of Guben.
History
Gubin was first mentioned in the document of Henry I the Bearded allowing the abolition of taxed imported salt from Gubin. On 1st June 1235 Gubin had received Magdeburgan and locative town priveledges and in 1311 was allowed to mint its own coins.
In the 16th Century (from 1526) the city belonged to the Czech Republic, then in 1620 along with the whole of Lower Lusatia became part of Saxony, to become part of Prussia and then Brandenburg after the defeat of Napoleon and supportive to him, Saxony, according to the Congress of Vienna in 1815. In the 19th Century there were constructions of railways, namely in 1846 the opening of the line between Berlin and Wrocław(which is one of the oldest in Poland), and then in 1870 the opening of the line to Krosno Odrzańskie. From 1904 to 1938 trams linked both parts of Guben and the right bank of the Nysa Łużycka to be named Gubin after 1945. During the Second World War, Gubin had suffered a lot of destruction, about 90%. Serious fighting took place in 1945 where the Soviet forces had fought for the so called "Hill of Death" (Góra Śmierci) which finished on 28th February 1945.
Between the years of 1951 - 2002 Gubin had been a large army garrison. Here the 5th Infantry Division had stationed, which evolved into the 5th Saxon Tank Division in 1956. In 2002 after restructurisation, Garrison Gubin was closed.
Economy
The city had "always" had a tradition of trade, due to its advantageous position - on the Slavic and Germanic bordering areas, important trade routes from north to south form Western Pomerania to Bohemia and Moravia (alongside the river Oder and the Nysa Łużycka but also from west to east from Lusatia to Wielkopolska. Here, cattle and grain was traded with Scottish, Hungarian and Polish traders. Wine and grape vines were also grown, from which Gubin was once famous for. Gubin became also known for the linen trade in the 19th Century.
Traffic
Gubin lies on the no. 32 road that works as a orbital road for Gubin, which starts at the border crossing with Guben to Krosno Odrzańskie and Zielona Góra and comes to the no. 5 road that links to Poznań. Gubin has also a railway border crossing.
Land Structure
Gubin has a land mass of 20.68 km² of which:
- 61% is used for agricultural purposes and 5% is used for forest uses.
The city takes up 1.49% of the area of the Krosno Odrzańskie County
Education
In Gubin, all of the school to date are state run by the Ministry of Education in Poland
- Zespół Szkół im. Mikołaja Kopernika w Gubinie, ul. Racławicka 2
Nicholas Copernicus Schools in Gubin, 2 Racławicka Street
- Zespół Szkół Ogólnokształcących im. Bolesława Chrobrego ul. Piastowska 26
Bolesław Chrobry General Comprehensive High School, 26 Piastowska Street
- Gimnazjum Specjalne ul. Piastowska 22
Special Gymnasium School, 22 Piastowska Street
- Szkoła Podstawowa nr 2
Primary School no. 2
- Szkoła Podstawowa nr 3
Primary School no.3
- Szkoła Podstawowa nr 4 (kiedyś SP 5)
Primary School no.4 (previously Primary School no.5)
- Zespół Szkół Licealnych i Technicznych ul. Racławicka 2
Union School of Secondary and Technical Education, 2 Racławicka Street
- Zespół Szkół Rolniczych
Union of Agricultural Schools
- Państwowa Szkoła Muzyczna I Stopnia ul. Piastowska
State School of Music, First degree, Piastowska Street
External links
51°57′N 14°43′E / 51.950°N 14.717°E
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