The Allen Cays rock Iguana (Cyclura cychlura inornata) also known as the Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana is an endangered subspecies of lizard of the genus Cyclura that is found on Allen Cay in the Bahamas. Its status is Endangered, with a wild population of 1,000 animals, and it can be found on the IUCN Red List.[1]
| Allen Cays Rock Iguana Template:StatusEndangered | |
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| Subspecies: | C. c. inornata
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| Cyclura cychlura inornata (Schwartz & Thomas, 1975 )
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Taxonomy
The Allen Cays iguana, Cyclura cychlura inornata, is endemic to Leaf Cay and Southwest Allen's Cay in the northern Exuma Island chain in the Bahamas.[1] It is one of two subspecies of the Andros Island Iguana(Cyclura cychlura cychlura), the other being the Exuma Island iguana(Cyclura cychlura figginsi).[1][2] Its generic name Cyclura, is derived from the Greek words cyclos meaning "circular" and urus meaning "tail", after the thick ringed tail characteristic of all Cyclura iguanas.[3]
Anatomy and morphology
The Allen Cays iguana is a large rock iguana which attains a total length of close to 1.5 meters.[1] Its coloration is dark-gray to black, with yellowish green or orange tinged scales on the legs, dorsal crest, and the head. When the animal matures, the yellow coloration changes to a bright reddish orange color in contrast to the animals darker striped body and black feet.
Males of this species, like other species within the Genus Cyclura, are larger than females, and have more prominent dorsal crests in addition to femoral pores on their thighs, which are used to release pheromones. Females lack these pores and have shorter crests than the males, making the animals sexually dimorphic.[4][5]
Diet
Like all Cyclura species, the Allen Cays iguana is primarily herbivorous, consuming leaves, flowers and fruits from close to 13 different species of plant found on the cay.[6] This diet is supplemented by eating crustaceans such as crab and handouts from tourists from sandwiches to table scraps and whatever else tourists to the islands bring.[6] This has also caused the iguanas to lose their fear of humans and in some cases become aggressive.[6]
Mating
Mating occurs in May, and eggs are usually laid in June or July, in nests excavated within sandy soil on Leaf Cay and U Cay. Due to lack of sand on the honeycomb limestone beaches on Allen's Cay, iguanas have not bred there for many years.
Outside of the mating season, the iguanas have dominance hierarchies rather than strictly defended territories like cyclura from other islands.[6] This has been attributed to the regular food supply from tourists feeding the lizards on the beach causing a disruption in their social structure.[6]
Conservation
Endangered status
It is estimated that the current global population is less than 1,000 and is declining.[1]
Causes of decline
The biggest threat to the Allen Cays iguana is in the form of poaching.[1] The animals are hunted for food and captured for sale in the pet trade.[7]
Recovery efforts
Like all Bahamian rock iguanas, this species is protected in the Bahamas under the Wild Animals Protection Act of 1968.[1] However, no areas have been specifically designated for the protection of iguanas and no specific conservation programs are in place.[1]
There is currently a captive breeding program in place at the Ardastra Zoo.
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Template:IUCN2006
- ^ Hollingsworth, Bradford D. (2004), "The Evolution of Iguanas: An Overview of Relationships and a Checklist od Species", Iguanas: Biology and Conservation, University of California Press, pp. 35–39, ISBN 9780520238541
- ^ Sanchez, Alejandro (November 26, 2007), Father Sanchez's Web Site of West Indian Natural History Diapsids I: Introduction; Lizards
- ^
De Vosjoli, Phillipe (1992). The Green Iguana Manual. Escondido, California: Advanced Vivarium Systems. ISBN 74886904040.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: length (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Martins, Emilia P.; Lacy, Kathryn (2004), "Behavior and Ecology of Rock Iguanas,I: Evidence for an Appeasement Display", Iguanas: Biology and Conservation, University of California Press, pp. 98–108, ISBN 9780520238541
- ^ a b c d e Iverson, John; Smith, Geoffrey; Pieper, Lynne (2004), "Factors Affecting Long-Term Growth of the Allen Cays Rock Iguana in the Bahamas", Iguanas: Biology and Conservation, University of California Press, p. 176, ISBN 9780520238541
- ^ Iverson, John (21 May 2003), "Results of Allen Cays Iguana study (Cyclura cychlura inornata", Dept. of Biology, Earlham College
