This is a list of New Mexico county name etymologies. Some New Mexico counties were named after places within their borders, while others were named after political leaders. Five New Mexico counties were named for presidents of the United States.
- Bernalillo County, New Mexico: Bernalillo is named for the nearby settlement of Bernalillo, New Mexico.
- Catron County, New Mexico: Catron is named for Thomas B. Catron, a Santa Fe attorney and New Mexico's first U.S. Senator.
- Chaves County, New Mexico: Chaves is named for Jose Francisco Chaves, a U.S. Army colonel in New Mexico during and after the Civil War.
- Cibola County, New Mexico: Cibola is named for the Seven Cities of Cibola.
- Colfax County, New Mexico: Colfax is named for Schuyler Colfax, the seventeenth vice president of the United States.
- Curry County, New Mexico: Curry is named for George Curry, a governor of New Mexico Territory from 1907 to 1910.
- De Baca County, New Mexico: De Baca is named for Ezequiel Cabeza de Baca, the second state governor of New Mexico.
- Doña Ana County, New Mexico: Doña Ana is named for its first county seat, the village of Doña Ana, New Mexico.
- Eddy County, New Mexico: Eddy is named for
- Grant County, New Mexico: Grant is named for Ulysses Simnpson Grant, the Civil War general and eighteenth president of the United States.
- Guadalupe County, New Mexico: Guadalupe is named for
- Harding County was named for Warren Gamaliel Harding, the twenty-ninth president of the United States.
- Hidalgo County, New Mexico: Hidalgo is named for
- Lea County, New Mexico: Lea is named for Captain Joseph Calloway Lea.
- Lincoln County, New Mexico: Lincoln is named for Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United States.
- Los Alamos County, New Mexico: Los Alamos is named for
- Luna County, New Mexico: Luna is named for:
- McKinley County, New Mexico: McKinley is named for William McKinley, the twenty-fifth president of the United States.
- Mora County, New Mexico: Mora is named for
- Otero County, New Mexico: Otero is named for
- Quay County, New Mexico: Quay is named for Matthew Stanley Quay, a U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania who supported New Mexico's statehood.
- Rio Arriba County, New Mexico: Rio Arriba is named for
- Roosevelt County, New Mexico: Roosevelt is named for Theodore Roosevelt, the twenty-sixth president of the United States.
- San Juan County, New Mexico: San Juan is named for
- San Miguel County, New Mexico: San Miguel is named for
- Sandoval County, New Mexico: Sandoval is named for
- Santa Fe County, New Mexico: Santa Fe is named for
- Sierra County, New Mexico: Sierra is named for
- Socorro County, New Mexico: Socorro is named for
- Taos County, New Mexico: Taos is named for
- Torrance County, New Mexico: Torrance is named for
- Union County, New Mexico: Union is named for
- Valencia County, New Mexico: Valencia is named for