Lancashire

Lancashire
Geography
Status:	Ceremonial & (smaller) Administrative County
Region:	North West England
Area: - Total - Admin. council - Admin. area	Ranked 17th 3,075 km² Ranked 16th 2,903 km²
Admin HQ:	Preston
ISO 3166-2:	GB-LAN
ONS code:	30
NUTS 3:	UKD43
Demographics
Population: - Total (2002 est.) - Density - Admin. council - Admin. pop.	Ranked 8th 1,421,912 462 / km² Ranked 4th 1,140,539
Ethnicity:	93.4% White 5.3% S.Asian
Politics
Arms of Lancashire County Council Lancashire County Council http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/
Executive:	Labour
Members of Parliament
Janet Anderson, David Borrow, Hilton Dawson, Nigel Evans, Mark Hendrick, Lindsay Hoyle, Joan Humble, Michael Jack, Gordon Marsden, Colin Pickthall, Peter Pike, Greg Pope, Gordon Prentice, Geraldine Smith, Jack Straw
Districts
West Lancashire Chorley South Ribble Fylde Preston Wyre Lancaster Ribble Valley Pendle Burnley Rossendale Hyndburn Blackpool (Unitary) Blackburn with Darwen (Unitary)

Lancashire (archaically, the County of Lancaster) is a county palatine of England, lying on the Irish Sea. Its traditional county town was Lancaster, but the county council is now based in Preston.

Red Lancashire rose

The county borders Cumbria, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, and Merseyside, and contains the unitary authorities of Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen.

Lancashire is divided into a number of local government districts. These are Burnley, Chorley, Fylde, Hyndburn, Lancaster, Pendle, Preston, the Ribble Valley, Rossendale, South Ribble, West Lancashire, and Wyre.

Towns, cities, villages in Lancashire

• Accrington, Adlington
• Bacup, Bamber Bridge, Barnoldswick, Bickerstaffe, Blackburn, Blackpool, Burnley, Burscough
• Carnforth, Chipping, Chorley, Clayton-le-Moors, Cleveleys, Clitheroe, Colne
• Dalton, Darwen
• Earby
• Fleetwood, Freckleton
• Galgate, Garstang, Gisburn, Goosnargh, Great Harwood
• Haslingden, Heysham, Hoghton
• Kirkham
• Lancaster, Lathom, Leyland, Longridge, Lytham
• Mawdesley, Morecambe
• Nelson
• Ormskirk, Oswaldtwistle
• Padiham, Parbold, Pendle, Poulton-le-Fylde, Preston
• Rawtenstall, Ribchester, Rufford
• Silverdale, Skelmersdale, Slaidburn, St Annes
• Thornton, Trawden, Tyldesley
• Upholland
• Whalley

Places of interest

A cobblestone mosaic of a red Lancashire Rose

• Astley Green Colliery Museum, Tyldesley
• Astley Hall
• British Commercial Vehicle Museum, Leyland
• East Lancashire Railway, a heritage railway
• Helmshore Textile Museum
• Hoghton Tower
• Samlesbury Hall
• Lathom Park Chapel, site of Lathom Hall, seat of the Earls of Derby
• Lancaster Castle

• Forest of Bowland
• Forest of Bowland AONB - Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
• RSPB Leighton Moss nature reserve, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
• Morecambe Bay
• WWT Martin Mere, Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust reserve, Burscough
• Wyre Forest NNR National Nature Reserve

• Leeds and Liverpool Canal, Ribble Link
• River Ribble, River Douglas, River Tawd, River Lostock, River Irwell, River Roch
• Williamson Park and the Ashton Memorial

History

Lancashire as a traditional county.

The county was established in 1182. In the Domesday Book, its lands had been treated as part of Cheshire and of Yorkshire. It bordered Cumberland, Westmorland, Yorkshire, and Cheshire.

The historic county was divided into the six hundreds of Amounderness, Blackburn, Leyland, Lonsdale, Salford and West Derby. Lonsdale was further partitioned into Lonsdale North, which was the detached part north of Morecambe Bay (also known as Furness), and Lonsdale South.

The modern administrative area is now rather smaller than that of the historic county due to a local government reform.

On April 1, 1974 the Furness exclave was given to the new county of Cumbria, the south east being given to Greater Manchester, and the south-west becoming Merseyside

Warrington and surrounding districts including the villages of Winwick and Croft and Risley and Culcheth were annexed to Cheshire. A part of the West Riding of Yorkshire near Clitheroe, was transferred to Lancashire also.

In 1998 Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen became independent of the county as unitary authorities, but remained in Lancashire for ceremonial purposes, as well as for fire and rescue and policing.

Options for change

On May 25, 2004 the Boundary Committee for England published its final recommendations for systems of Unitary Authorities to be implemented if proposals for elected Regional Assemblies are approved by referendums in three northern Regions of England. They put forward two options for each County Council area, which the electorate will be asked to choose between at the same time as the Assembly Referendums.

For Lancashire the options are

• a single authority for the existing County Council Area, with the Blackpool unitary authority extended over the towns of Cleveleys and Fleetwood
• 5 authorities for the whole ceremonial county plus southern Cumbria, but with West Lancashire divided between Sefton in Merseyside and Wigan in Greater Manchester. On July 8 local government minister Nick Raynsford announced that the option to be put in the referendum had been modified to include the whole of Ormskirk in the new Sefton & West Lancashire district.

Option 1	Option 1 (left) Blackpool with Fleetwood Blackburn with Darwen Lancashire Council	Option 2   File:Lancashire Option2 mod.png
	Option 2 (right) Morecambe Bay Blackpool & the Fylde Central Lancashire East Lancashire Blackburn with Hyndburn Sefton & West Lancashire (Merseyside) Wigan (Greater Manchester)

External links

• Lancashire County Council - http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/
• Friends of Real Lancashire - http://www.forl.co.uk/