Rheology is the study of the deformation and flow of matter. The term rheology was coined by Eugene Bingham, a professor at Lehigh University, in 1920, from a suggestion by Markus Reiner, inspired by the Heraclitus' famous expression "panta rhei": everything flows.
Basic rheological terms are:
Fluids can be categorized as:
- Newtonian fluids (the fluid viscosity is constant) and
- non-Newtonian fluids (the fluid viscosity depends on the stresses acting on the fluid) which can by subclassified into
- generalized non-Newtonian fluids (also called purely viscous fluids) and
- viscoelastic fluids.
Rheological properties are determined by means of rheometry.
Journals covering rheology include:
- Journal of Rheology (http://www.rheology.org/sor/publications/j_rheology/default.htm)
- Rheologica Acta (http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00397/)
- Applied Rheology (http://www.ar.ethz.ch/)
- Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770257)
- Korea-Australia Rheology Journal (http://www.rheology.or.kr/karj/)