- Alphabetical list of programming languages
- Categorical list of programming languages
- Generational list of programming languages
See: Programming language, Computing timeline, History of computing
Predecessor(s) YEAR PRODUCT -- Developer, Company
* 1840~ FIRST PROGRAM -- Ada Lovelace * 1945 Plankalkül -- Konrad Zuse
-1950-
* 1952 A-0 -- Grace Hopper 1954 Mark I Autocode -- Tony Brooker A-0 1954 ARITH-MATIC -- Grace Hopper A-0 1955 MATH-MATIC -- Grace Hopper A-0 1955 FLOW-MATIC -- Grace Hopper A-0 1955 FORTRAN -- Backus FLOW-MATIC 1957 COMTRAN -- Bob Bemer ( * 1957 General Problem Solver -- Newell ) FORTRAN 1958 FORTRAN II -- Backus FORTRAN 1958 Algol 58 * 1959 LISP McCarthy
-1960-
FLOW-MATIC COMTRAN 1960 COBOL The CodasylCommittee ALGOL 1960 Algol 60 ALGOL 1960 JOSS FORTRAN II 1962 FORTRAN IV * 1962 APL -- Iverson ALGOL60 1962 Simula FORTRAN II 1962 SNOBOL -- Griswold, et al. ALGOL60 1963 CPL -- Barron, Strachey, et al. SNOBOL 1962 SNOBOL3 -- Griswold, et al. CPL LISP 1964 COWSEL Burstall, Popplestone ALGOL60 1964 PL 1 FORTRAN II 1964 BASIC -- Kemeney and Kurtz FORTRAN II 1966 FORTRAN IV ALGOL60 1966 CORAL66 Real Time version of Algol 60 CPL 1967 BCPL -- Martin Richards Fortran LISP 1967 MUMPS -- Massachusetts General Hospital Simula 1967 Simula67 SNOBOL3 1967 SNOBOL4 -- Griswold, et al. Algol60 1968 ALGOL 68 -- Wijngaarten, et al. COWSEL 1968 POP-1 -- Burstall, Popplestone 1968 Forth -- Chuck Moore (first paper, 1970)
-1970-
POP-1 1970 POP-2 ALGOL60 1971 Pascal -- Nicklas Wirth, Jensen Simula67 1972 SMALLTALK Environment -- SMALLTALK--Digitalk B BCPL 1972 C -- Dennis Ritchie * 1973 PROLOG -- Alain Colmeraurer LISP 1975 Scheme -- Gerald Jay Sussman, Guy Lewis Steele Jr. BASIC 1975 Altair BASIC -- Bill Gates, Steve Allen C FORTRAN 1976 RATFOR -- Brian Kernighan MUMPS 1977 X11.1 ANSI Standard MUMPS
FORTRAN IV 1978 FORTRAN77
( * 1978 VISICALC -- Dan Bricklin, Frankston )
C SNOBOL 1979 Awk -- Al Aho, Brian Kernighan
( * 1979 VULCAN DBASE-II -- Ratliff )
Algol68 1979 Green -- Jean Ichbiah et al., US Department of Defense
-1980-
Simula67 1980 SMALLTALK-80 -- Digitalk Green 1983 Ada -- US Dept of Defense Pascal 1983 Turbo Pascal -- Anders Hejlsberg * 1984 Standard ML ML = Meta-Language 1977MUMPS 1985 1984 MUMPS ( dBase 1984 CLIPPER -- Nantucket ) ( dBase 1985 PARADOX -- Borland ) Simula67 1986 Eiffel -- Meyer ( * 1987 HyperCard -- Apple ) ( * 1987 SQL-1 ) Awk 1987 Perl -- Larry Wall MATLAB 1988 Octave dBase-III 1988 dBaseIV Awk Lisp 1988 Tcl -- John Ousterhout Turbo-Pascal 1989 Turbo-Pascal+OOP -- Borland C 1989 Standard C -- ANSI X3.159-1989 (adopted by ISO in 1990) Pascal Modula-II 1989 OBERON -- Wirth
-1990-
1990 Haskell 1984MUMPS 1990 1990 MUMPS 1991 Python ( SQL-1 1992 SQL-2 ) Turbo-Pascal OOP 1992 Borland Pascal 1993 Brainfuck -- Urban Mueller Perl Smalltalk 1993 Ruby 1993 Lua Ada 83 1995 Ada 95 -- ISO Borland Pascal 1995 Delphi(1) -- Borland C++ Internet OOP 1995 Java -- Sun Microsystems 1990MUMPS 1995 1995 MUMPS Standard ML,84 1997 SML'97
-2000-
DELPHI(5) 2001 KYLIX -- Borland
Things with unknown or questionable dates:
C with Classes 1980 was a combination of the C and Simula67 languages.
{C with Classes 1980 was forerunner to C++ just a name change.}
C+OOP 1983 C++ -- Bjarne Stroustrup
C++ 1998 ISO Standard C++
* 197? sh (Bourne Shell) -- Bourne
sh 19?? ksh (Korn Shell) -- Dave Korn
ksh 199? zsh (Z Shell)
HyperCard 199? AppleScript -- Apple
Legend:
OLD <> NEW Predecessor(s) etc YEAR PRODUCT -- developer, Company ( Item ) non 'universal programming language' * <YEAR> newly developededition