Economy
Economy (from Greek οικονομία, oikonomia, household) refers to the human activities related with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. However, its definition transformed through the history with the activities attributed to economy.
The sciences exploring the economy are part of the social sciences and are called economics. Subgroups of economics are macroeconomics, microeconomics, econometrics, national economy, political economy, classical economy, economic anthropology and further more. Economic measures as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are part of the econometrics.
Literature
- Friedman, Milton, Capitalism and Freedom, 1962.
- Galbraith, John Kenneth, The Affluent Society, 1958.
- Keynes, John Maynard, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, 1936.
- Smith, Adam, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 1776.
References
- Aristotle, Politics, Book I-IIX, translated by Benjamin Jowett[1]
- Barnes, Peter, Capitalism 3.0, A Guide to Reclaiming the Commons, San Francisco 2006 [2]
- Dill, Alexander, Reclaiming the Hidden Assets, Towards a Global Freeware Index, Global Freeware Research Paper 01-07, 2007 [3]
- Fehr Ernst, Schmidt, Klaus M., The Economics Of Fairness, Reciprocity and Altruism - experimental Evidence and new Theories, 2005, Discussion PAPER 2005-20, Munich Economics [4]
- Marx, Karl, Engels, Friedrich, 1848, The Communist Manifesto [5]·
- Stiglitz, Joseph E., Global public goods and global finance: does global governance ensure that the global public interest is served? In: Advancing Public Goods, Jean-Philippe Touffut, (ed.), Paris 2006, pp. 149/164. [6]
- Where is the Wealth of Nations? Measuring Capital for the 21st Century. Wealth of Nations Report 2006, Ian Johnson and Francois Bourguignon, World Bank, Washington 2006. [7]
External links
- http://www.weforum.org - World Economic Forum
- http://www.worldbank.org - The World Bank
- http://www.paecon.net - Website of alternative "postautistic" economists
- http://www.rtable.net/index/rt/economics/recent/ - Blogs of the British magazine The Economist
- http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AEA/ - American Economic Association
- http://www.rgemonitor.com - Website of the Analyst Nouriel Roubini
- http://www.whatiseconomy.com - Website of Alexander Dill with new definitions of Economy
- http://www.grameen-info.org/agrameen/profile.php3?profile=1 - Website of Nobel Laureate Muhammed Yunus
- http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AEA/ - traditional American Economic Association
- http://www.josephstiglitz.com - Website of Nobel Laureate and critic in Globalization Joseph Stiglitz
Economic Measures
There are number of ways to measure economic activity of a nation. These methods of measuring economic activity include:
- GDP
- GDP per capita
- Consumer spending
- National Debt
- Exchange Rate
- Interest Rate
- Rate of Inflation
- Consumer Confidence
- GNP