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Republic of China Navy

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File:Rocn.gif
Republic of China Navy
Personnel
Sailors23,000 (2004 est.)
Marines30,000 (2004 est.)
Strength
Major Surface Combatants26 (2007 est.)
Patrol Boats60
Minesweepers12
Amphibious Ships17

The Republic of China Navy (中華民國海軍; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Hǎijūn) is the maritime branch of the armed forces of the Republic of China, which since 1949 has been based on Taiwan. The ROC Navy's primary mission is the defense of ROC territories and the sea lanes that surround it against a blockade or attack by forces of the People's Republic of China. Operations include maritime patrols in the Taiwan Strait and surrounding waters, and counter-strike and counter-invasion operations during wartime. The Republic of China Marine Corps function as a branch of the Navy.

The ship prefix for ROCN combatants is ROCS (Republic of China Ship); an older usage is CNS (Chinese Navy Ship).

Organization

The ROC Naval Jack is identical to the Kuomintang party flag.
The ROCN Service Flag is identical to the ROC National Flag.
  • Navy General Headquarters (海軍總司令部)
Navy GHQ is subordinate to the General Staff, the Minister of Defense, and the ROC President.
  • Internal units: Personnel, Combat Readiness & Training, Logistics, Planning, Combat Systems, General Affairs, Comptroller, Inspector General, Political Warfare.
  • Naval Fleet Command (艦隊司令部)
  • Marine Corps Command (陸戰隊司令部)
  • Education, Training and Doctrine Command(教育訓練暨準則發展司令部)
  • Logistics Command (後勤司令部)
  • Naval Academy, Hydrographic & Oceanographic Bureau, Shipbuilding Development Center, Communication Systems, General Service.

Sources: [1] [2][3]

History

1911 - 1949

See also Naval history of China.

ROCN honor guard at the Martyr's Shrine in Taipei.

The precursor to the modern ROC Navy was established as the Ministry of the Navy in the Provisional Government of the Republic of China in 1911 following the overthrow of the Qing dynasty. During the period of warlordism that scarred China in the 1920s and 1930s the ROCN remained loyal to the Kuomintang government of Sun Yat-sen instead of the warlord government in Beijing. During that time and throughout World War II, the ROCN concentrated mainly on riverine warfare as the antiquated ROCN stood no chance whatsoever at repelling the IJN on brown or blue water.[4]

During the Chinese Civil War, the ROCN was involved in the protection of supply convoys and the ultimate withdrawal of the ROC Government to Taiwan in 1949. ROCN units defecting to the PLA during the final days of the civil war would eventually form what became the People's Liberation Army Navy, much to the chagrin of ROCN units who remained loyal to the ROC government. The subsequent reorganization and reestablishment of the Navy after evacuation to Taiwan is referenced in the lyrics of the post 1949 ROC Navy Song "The New Navy" (新海軍).

1949 - present

Following the relocation of the ROC government to Taiwan, the ROCN was involved in patrols and resupply operations to Kinmen and Matsu in the Taiwan Strait during the Cold War.

Since the 1990s the Navy has grown in importance as the emphasis of the ROC's military doctrine moves towards countering a possible PRC blockade, as well as offshore engagement. The ROCN has been working to expand its capability in electronic and anti-submarine warfare, as well as the replacement of its current inadequate submarine fleet.[2]

Equipment

See also: List of ships of the Republic of China Navy

File:Rocn knox class.jpg
ROCN Chi Yang-class (modified Knox-class) frigates

Traditionally, most ROCN equipment is purchased from the United States, though several ships have been built domestically under licence or through domestic development. The ROCN has also purchased Lafayette class frigates from France and Zwaardvis class submarines from the Netherlands during the early 1990's.

Despite the ROCN refurbishing and extending the service life of its vessels and equipment, it has suffered from procurement difficulties due to pressure exerted on potential arms suppliers from China. It has only four submarines, half of which are obsolete and only useful for training.[5]

Sources: [6] [7]

Destroyers

Frigates

Submarines

Amphibious

File:ROCN fast attack boats.jpg
ROCN Fast attack missile boat group

Minesweepers

Patrol Craft

Support

Da Guan survey ship (達觀級) - 1

Aircraft

Future Purchases

  • P-3C Orion - 12 (Funds allocated in 2007 Defence Budget - awaiting confirmation by Legislative Yuan)

See also

References & notes

  1. ^ "Navy - Overview". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
  2. ^ a b "2004 National Defense Report" (PDF). ROC Ministry of National Defense. 2004. Retrieved 2006-03-05.
  3. ^ "Combat Units Under the ROC Navy Fleet HQ". Taiwanmilitary.org. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
  4. ^ "歷史傳承 (History)". ROC Navy. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
  5. ^ "Taiwan treads water with aging submarines". Reuters. 2001-08-31. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ^ "現役軍艦 (Active vessels)". ROC Navy. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
  7. ^ "ROC Navy". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
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