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Whitney Houston

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Whitney Houston

Whitney Elizabeth Houston (born August 9, 1963) is an American Pop and R&B singer, songwriter, actress, film producer, and former model. Houston is one of the most successful and influential singers of all time. She is also ranked as the fourth best selling female artist is American music history according to the RIAA.[1] Her body of work includes ballads, dance-pop, urban contemporary soul, and gospel. She is well known for her vocal power, control, range and coloratura soprano voice.[2] Houston was one of a handful of black artists to receive heavy rotation on MTV in the 1980s. She became the first and only artist to have a record seven consecutive Billboard Hot 100 number one hit singles.[3] Houston has branched out into acting and eventually became a businesswoman, setting up production and recording studios while continuing to record music. Whitney is an internationally renowned artist who has sold an estimated 220 million records worldwide.

In the 2000s, Houston's personal life became the subject of controversy because of her marriage to R&B recording artist Bobby Brown which had repeated allegations of spousal abuse, allegations of drug abuse which were later confirmed by two stints in rehab, erratic behavior, repeated cancellations of public appearances and later in 2007, her divorce from her husband and the subsequent divorce battle. Her record sales during the early 2000s were modest. Houston has since undergone a successful intense rehabilitation process and is currently recording an album that will be released in the autumn of 2007.

Early life

Houston was born in Newark, New Jersey to John Houston and Cissy Houston. She was born and raised a Baptist but also exposed to the Pentecostal church. She attended a Roman Catholic single-sex high school, Mount Saint Dominic Academy.

Houston's mother (Cissy Houston), first cousin (Dionne Warwick) and godmother (Aretha Franklin) are all notable figures in gospel music, rhythm and blues and soul music recordings. At the age of eleven, Houston began to follow in their footsteps and started performing as a soloist in the junior gospel choir at the New Hope Baptist Church in Newark, New Jersey.

Music career

Early years (1977–1984)

In 1977, Houston was featured as the lead vocalist on the Michael Zager Band's single "Life's a Party." Zager later offered to obtain a record deal for her but she declined. Houston also sang background vocals with her mother, Cissy Houston, for Chaka Khan's hit single "Papillon (A.K.A. Hot Butterfly)" in 1979, which was released on Khan's 1980 album "Naughty." In the early-1980s, Houston started appearing as a fashion model in various magazine advertisements and snagged the cover of Seventeen magazine and a Canada Dry commercial. While modeling, she continued to advance her singing career by working with producers Michael Bienhorn, Bill Laswell and Martin Bisi on an album they were spearheading called One Down, which was credited to the group Material. It was to contain eight songs, each featuring a different lead vocalist. Houston contributed the ballad "Memories" (composed by Hugh Hopper, lyrics by Robert Wyatt), which received favorable reviews from The Village Voice when the album debuted.

Houston had been offered several record deals (from Michael Zager in 1980, and Elektra Records in 1981) but in 1983, an A&R representative from Arista saw Houston performing with her mother in a New York City club. He convinced the head of the record label, Clive Davis, to take time to see Houston singing at the nightclub. Davis saw her perform and offered her a worldwide contract, which Houston signed. Her debut album took over two years to complete.[citation needed] Before the release of her debut album, Houston recorded a duet with Teddy Pendergrass entitled "Hold Me", which first appeared on his album Love Language. The single peaked in the top fifty on the U.S. pop chart and the top five on the R&B chart, and it later appeared on her debut album.

First releases and mainstream success (1985–1992)

File:WhitneyHoustonAlbumCover.gif
Whitney Houston (1985)

Houston's self-titled 1985 debut album was initially a slow seller until the success of its single "You Give Good Love", which peaked inside the top five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. Follow-up singles "Saving All My Love for You", "How Will I Know" and "Greatest Love of All" went to number one on the pop chart, and Whitney Houston eventually topped the album chart, giving her hits in the U.S., United Kingdom, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The album sold over thirteen million copies at its time of release (eight million of those in the U.S.); for thirteen years, it was the best-selling debut album by a female artist. To date, Houston's debut has sold over thirteen million copies in the U.S. alone, and twenty-four million copies worldwide.[citation needed] Houston's first tour, the worldwide The Greatest Love Tour, took place in 1986.

Houston set yet another record with the release of her second album, Whitney (1987), which consisted mainly of pop songs and followed in the steps of its predecessor. It debuted at number one in various countries around the world, including the U.S. and the UK, and in those two countries she was the first female artist to accomplish that feat. It sold twelve million copies worldwide on release (eight million of those in the U.S.), championed by such singles as "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)", "Didn't We Almost Have It All", "So Emotional" and "Where Do Broken Hearts Go". These singles brought her total of consecutive Hot 100 number-one hits to seven, breaking the record of six previously shared by The Beatles and The Bee Gees. Another song, "Love Will Save the Day", hit the U.S. top ten. Houston embarked on the worldwide The Moment of Truth tour. She also recorded the theme song to the 1988 Olympics, "One Moment in Time", which peaked at number five in the U.S. and reached number one in the UK.

Houston's third album, I'm Your Baby Tonight (1990), featured singing and production collaborations with Babyface, Stevie Wonder, and Luther Vandross and reached number three on the U.S. Billboard 200. It did not sell as highly as her first two albums, but sold well with eight million copies moved worldwide at its time of release (four million of those in the U.S.).[citation needed] The first two singles, "I'm Your Baby Tonight" and "All the Man That I Need" went to number one in the U.S., and "Miracle" went top ten. "My Name Is Not Susan" was a top twenty hit and "I Belong to You" became an R&B hit only, peaking in the top ten on that chart. In 1991 Houston embarked I'm Your Baby Tonight Tour, which Rolling Stone poll voters voted "Worst Tour of the Year".[4] When on tour, she and then boyfriend Bobby Brown wrote the song "Something in Common", which became a UK hit. The song examines two unlikely people coming together as they found "something in common".

Following the success of the film The Bodyguard, Houston embarked on a worldwide tour in 1993; the tour concluded in 1994 followed by a special concert in South Africa.

Houston's lip synched[5] performance of "The Star Spangled Banner" at Super Bowl XXV in January 1991 was released as a single, reaching the top twenty on the U.S. Hot 100 and making her the only artist to turn the national anthem into a chart hit.[citation needed] Houston donated her share of the proceeds to the American Red Cross. This performance of the national anthem was named number one in the NFL's 2003 list of Top 25 greatest moments in NFL history.[citation needed]

Soundtrack recordings (1993–1997)

Houston has several chart successes with soundtracks to films in which she has appeared.

The soundtrack to the film The Bodyguard has become the second best-selling soundtrack album ever, second to the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack. Current album sales stand at thirty seven million, with seventeen million of those sold in the U.S.[6] The album won "Album of the Year" and "Record of the Year" at the following Grammy Awards.

For the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack, Houston released the songs Exhale (Shoop Shoop) which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, Why Does It Hurt So Bad, Count on Me and I Believe in You and Me. As of January, 2006, sales stand at 5.1 million copies in the U.S;[7] it is certified seven-times platinum by the RIAA. The soundtrack holds the record as the most Grammy Award-nominated album of all time.[citation needed] Houston received three of them.

The soundtrack to The Preacher's Wife included Houston's first gospel recordings. On this album Houston released the three songs, Step by Step, My Heart Is Calling and I Believe in You and Me. The album had sales of 2.5 million in the U.S. through January 2006,[7] and it is certified three-times platinum.

Subsequent albums (1998–2001)

My Love Is Your Love (1998), Houston's fourth studio album, was originally conceived as a greatest hits album with a handful of new songs, but recording sessions produced enough new material for a full-length album. Recorded and mixed in only six weeks,Houston served as one of the album's producers, and the album was more R&B and hip-hop driven than past releases as she collaborated with Wyclef Jean, Missy Elliott, Lauryn Hill, and once again Babyface. First single, "When You Believe", was a duet with Mariah Carey recorded for the soundtrack to The Prince of Egypt; it reached the U.S. top twenty and won an Academy Award. Next singles "Heartbreak Hotel" (featuring Faith Evans and Kelly Price), "It's Not Right but It's Okay" (which won Houston her sixth Grammy Award) and "My Love Is Your Love" reached the U.S. top five. Another single, "I Learned from the Best" peaking inside the top forty. All singles except "When You Believe" became number-one dance hits, continuing Houston's presence on the U.S. club scene. Before the successful My Love Is Your Love World Tour, she performed on the VH1 Diva's Live '99 special with artists such as Mary J. Blige, Tina Turner, Cher, and Chaka Khan. Current sales of the album in the U.S. are at 2.7 million.[7]

The album and DVD Whitney: The Greatest Hits (2000) reached the U.S. top five, with two weeks spent at number one on the UK chart. Many of the past uptempo songs were remixed to house music and dancefloor-ready songs, while the ballads were left unchanged. The DVD features music videos of past hits as well as actual live performances, interviews, and special features. The compilation also includes a previous unreleased duet with Jermaine Jackson, and new duets with Enrique Iglesias ("Could I Have This Kiss Forever"), George Michael ("If I Told You That") and Deborah Cox ("Same Script, Different Cast"). The album was a success, selling 1.5 million copies in the U.S.,[7] and it is certified three-times platinum.

Just Whitney/One Wish (2001–2005)

In August 2001, Houston signed the biggest record deal in history with Arista/BMG: She renewed her contract (worth $100 million) to deliver six new albums on which she would also earn royalties.[citation needed] Two months later, Houston re-released her version of "The Star Spangled Banner" after the September 11th attacks. It reached the U.S. top ten, achieving platinum status, and its proceeds were donated to a relief fund.

Just Whitney (2002), Houston's fifth studio album, featured collaborations with then-husband Bobby Brown, as well as Missy Elliott, and the ten song collection saw Houston incorporate pop, hip-hop, R&B, rock, and dance. The album received mixed reviews on release[8] and landed in the U.S. top ten, but it failed to reach the top seventy-five in the UK. The singles "Whatchulookinat" (co-written by Houston), "One of Those Days" and "Try It on My Own" were not top forty hits on the U.S. Hot 100, but remixes of "Whatchulookinat", "Try It on My Own" and "Love That Man" became hits on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play Chart. Current sales of the album are at 731,000 in the U.S.[7] and around 2 million worldwide.

One Wish: The Holiday Album (2003) was a specialty album and her sixth studio album, and it consisted of covers of Christmas songs such as "Noel" (The First Noel), "Deck the Halls/Silent Night" and "Little Drummer Boy" featuring daughter Bobbi Kristina. The single "One Wish (for Christmas)" (a cover of the Freddie Jackson song) reached the top twenty on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart, but the album itself failed to achieve gold status in the U.S., Houston's first studio album not to do so,[9] and it sold just 348,000 copies.[7]

In 2004, Houston embarked on an international tour, the Soul Divas tour with Natalie Cole and cousin Dionne Warwick in Europe, before embarking on solo dates in the Middle East, Russia, and Asia. In September 2004 she made a surprise performance at the World Music Awards, in tribute to long time friend Clive Davis. Whitney received a thunderous standing ovation for her performance.

Current career activity

Whitney Houston attended the Carousel of Hope Ball in October 2006, where Katharine McPhee dedicated a performance of Houston's "I Have Nothing" to her. Clive Davis said at the ball that he and Houston "are getting our things together, and we are going to make a killer, killer album".[citation needed]

Houston was featured on the song "Family First" from the soundtrack of the 2007 film Tyler Perry's Daddy's Little Girls. The song also featured Houston's mother Cissy Houston, Houston's cousin Dionne Warwick, Houston's daughter Bobbi Kristina, and most of her other relatives.

Houston started recording with Johnta Austin. Clive Davis said in an interview that he would like Houston to record the song "I Look to You", written by R. Kelly, and predicted that song would make the comeback. Davis has made it clear that this will be a Whitney Houston album, focusing on her, and less on "flavor of the moment" sounds.

Film and television career

File:Whitney Houston- The Bodyguard Cover.jpg
The Bodyguard Soundtrack (1992)

During the 1980s, as Houston was working on launching a music career, she auditioned for acting roles, including the part of Sondra Huxtable on The Cosby Show, which was won by Sabrina Le Beauf. Houston acted on episodes of Gimme a Break with Nell Carter and Silver Spoons with Rick Schroder before her debut album was released.

Houston's first film role was in The Bodyguard released in 1992 and co-starring Kevin Costner. The film was successful at the box office, grossing more than $121 million in the U.S. and $410 million worldwide. Reviews, however, were mixed, and Houston received two Razzie Award nominations.

In 1995, Houston starred alongside Angela Bassett, Loretta Devine, and Lela Rochon in the film Waiting to Exhale, about four African-American women struggling with relationships. The film grossed $67 million in the U.S. and $82 million worldwide.[citation needed] In the 1996 film The Preacher's Wife, Houston starred with Denzel Washington.

In 1997, she co-produced and starred in (along with Brandy, Jason Alexander, Whoopi Goldberg, and Bernadette Peters) a made-for-television remake of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella.

Houston has served as a producer or executive producer on other films, including the Disney comedy The Princess Diaries, starring Anne Hathaway and Dame Julie Andrews. Houston served as one of the producers on three other projects for Disney: the 2003 television film The Cheetah Girls (starring Raven-Symone) and the sequel The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement, which grossed more than $90 million at the U.S. box office.[citation needed] In May 2006, Houston also was an executive producer for The Cheetah Girls sequel The Cheetah Girls 2: When in Spain.

In 2005, Houston co-starred in her then-husband's reality TV program Being Bobby Brown, which provided a view into the domestic goings-on in the Brown household.

Personal problems

Drug and health issues

Shortly before the release of Whitney: The Greatest Hits in April 2000, airport security discovered marijuana in Houston's and husband Bobby Brown's luggage at a Hawaiian airport, but they boarded the plane and departed before police could arrive. Charges were later dropped against her and Brown but other rumors about drug use developed around the couple, and Houston became well known in the industry for canceling appearances. Shortly before the December 2002 release of Just Whitney, Houston gave an interview with Diane Sawyer where she discussed drug allegations and marital issues. Houston entered drug rehabilitation facilities in March 2004 and again in March 2005.

In 2006, Bobby Brown's sister, Tina Brown, took a photo of what she claimed was Houston's bathroom and sold it to The National Enquirer. It displayed images of drug paraphernalia. In the interview, Ms. Brown, also a known drug abuser, claimed that Houston spent days locked in her bedroom doing drugs.[10]

In addition to the allegations about drug abuse, Houston's appearance has led to speculation that she was anorexic, had an eating disorder, or experienced weight loss in conjunction with the drug usage. In particular, Houston's appearance at the 30th anniversary concert for singer Michael Jackson elicited a strong response.[11]

John Houston dispute

In 2002, Houston became involved in a dispute with her father, John Houston. John Houston sued his daughter for $100 million, stating that she owed his company for helping to guide her career, as well as helping Houston manage the controversies surrounding her career.[12] Both of them appeared on television and disputed the other's claims.[13] John Houston died in February 2003.

Financial problems

On January 3, 2007, the New York Post reported that "in an embarrassing financial scare last year, Houston. . .nearly lost her spectacular $6 million, 10-acre estate in Morris County because she owed tens of thousands of dollars in back taxes."[14] The article then went on to detail how Houston was selling hundreds of her famous stage outfits and accessories at an auction, including intimate undergarments, in "an event that could earn her hundreds of thousands of dollars in welcome cash." The Toronto Star newspaper reported on January 4, 2007, that the items were being sold "in an effort to cover unpaid storage fees."[15] Reuters reported on that same date that Houston was "being forced to sell off clothes, instruments and sound equipment to pay a debt to a warehouse storing the items" and that the sale "has been ordered by the New Jersey Superior Court."[16]

On November 16, 2006, the Associated Press reported that Houston's mansion in Mendham, New Jersey, currently assessed at $5.6 million, was due to be sold at a sheriff's sale but her attorney later revealed that Houston owns the house free and clear. [17]

Houston has her Atlanta home up for sale at $1.3 million, which, if sold, would not make a profit. [18]

Houston also currently owns a home in Laguna Beach, California.

Family life

Houston married R&B singer Bobby Brown in 1992. On March 4 1993 she gave birth to the couple's first child, daughter Bobbi Kristina Houston Brown.

In September 2006, it was reported that the couple were in the process of divorce. Houston filed legal papers to initiate the process, but there are conflicting reports as to what occurred. According to publicist Nancy Seltzer, Houston filed for divorce from Brown on September 8 2006.[19] However, Brown's lawyer, Phaedra Parks, indicated that the action was a legal separation, and not a petition for divorce. Parks indicated that in the separation papers, Houston requested custody of the couple's daughter, and that any property litigation be postponed until a later date.[20] The separation progressed to divorce, however, which was filed October 16, 2006. Houston hired attorney Stephen Kolodny, who has represented many celebrities in their divorce trials. On February 1, 2007 Whitney asked the court to fast track their divorce.[21] Houston was also granted custody of their daughter. The divorce became finalized on April 24, 2007.

On April 26, 2007, Bobby Brown filed court papers with the Orange County Superior Court to set aside the divorce judgment that ended his marriage to Houston. In the filing, he claims the marriage was ended under false pretenses, and seeks child support, possible spousal support, and a change in the judgment that gave full custody of their daughter to Whitney. The papers also claim that Brown was essentially homeless at one point and severely depressed during that time. A court hearing has been set for June 2007.[22]

Awards

Houston has won twenty-three American Music Awards (a record for a solo artist), six Grammy Awards, and two Emmy Awards among her many accolades. She holds the Guinness World Record for being the most awarded female artist of all time. Among the recognition Houston has received:

For Whitney Houston:

For Whitney:

  • Grammy Award, Best Female Pop Vocal Performance " for "I Wanna Dance with Somebody"
  • Several American Music Awards for "Whitney"

For I'm Your Baby Tonight:

For The Bodyguard soundtrack:

For the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack:

  • Three NAACP Image Awards for "Outstanding Female Artist", "Album of the Year" and "Best Soundtrack Album"
  • One American Music Award for "Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist"
  • Soul Train Music Award for "Best Female R&B/Soul Single"

For My Love Is Your Love:

Other recognition:

Discography

Main article: Whitney Houston discography

Studio albums:

Soundtrack albums:

Compilations:

Videography

Home videos:

  • Number One Video Hits - 1986
  • Star Spangled Banner - 1991
  • Welcome Home Heroes - 1991
  • Concert for a New South Africa - 1994
  • VH1 Divas Live '99 - 1999
  • The Greatest Hits - 2000
  • Fine - 2000
  • Whatchulookinat Video/Whatchulookinat Behind-the-Scenes Footage/Love to Infinity Megamix Video - 2002
  • Artist Collection: Whitney Houston - 2004

Motion pictures:

Number-one songs

The following songs entered the U.S. Billboard Hot 100.

The following songs reached number-one on the UK singles chart.

  • 1985: "Saving All My Love for You"
  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1988: "One Moment in Time"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the U.S. Dance chart.

The following songs reached number-one on the Canadian singles chart.

  • 1986: "How Will I Know"
  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"

The following songs reached number-one on the German singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1988: "One Moment in Time"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the French singles chart.

  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Dutch singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Belgium singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Swiss singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"
  • 2000: "Could I Have This Kiss Forever"

The following songs reached number-one on the Swedish singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Spanish singles chart.

  • 1995: "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)"
  • 1999: "It's Not Right But It's Okay"

The following songs reached number-one on the Australian singles chart.

  • 1986: "The Greatest Love of All"
  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the New Zealand singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the South African singles chart.

  • 1986: "Greatest Love of All"
  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1991: "All The Man That I Need"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"
  • 1995: "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)"
  • 1999: "My Love Is Your Love"

The following songs reached number-one on the Zimbabwe singles chart.

  • 1991: "All The Man That I Need"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"
  • 1995: "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)"

The following songs reached number-one on the Austrian singles chart.

  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Finnish singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"

The following songs reached number-one on the Norway singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Irish singles chart.

  • 1985: "Saving All My Love for You"
  • 1992: "I Will Always Love You"

The following songs reached number-one on the Italian singles chart.

  • 1987: "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)"
  • 1990: "I'm Your Baby Tonight"

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.riaa.com/gp/bestsellers/topartists.asp
  2. ^ "Cutting the Coloratura". Sign and Sight.
  3. ^ [1]
  4. ^ Rolling Stone, December 1991 year-end issue.
  5. ^ Fleming, John (January 28, 2001). "The toughest 2 minutes". St. Petersburg Times.
  6. ^ "Soccer and music fans sound". Deseret Morning News.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Caulfield, Keith (January 9, 2006). "Wondering About Whitney". Ask The Music Editor. Billboard. Retrieved 2007-07-07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ http://www.metacritic.com/music/artists/houstonwhitney/justwhitney
  9. ^ http://www.riaa.com/
  10. ^ The National Enquirer (March 29, 2006). "Inside Whitney's Drug Den!".
  11. ^ "Didn't she almost have it all?". Salon.com. April 12, 2006.
  12. ^ "'Celebrity Justice' Producer Discusses Whitney Houston Trial", CNN, December 5, 2002.
  13. ^ Transcript of Primetime Live feature, ABC, December 4, 2002; hosted at fan site Whitney-Fan.com
  14. ^ http://www.nypost.com/seven/01032007/gossip/pagesix/pagesix.htm
  15. ^ http://www.thestar.com/artsentertainment/article/167604
  16. ^ http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=peopleNews&storyID=2007-01-03T221146Z_01_N03276278_RTRIDST_0_PEOPLE-HOUSTON-AUCTION-DC.XML
  17. ^ http://news.aol.com/entertainment/music/articles/_a/houston-faces-mansion-foreclosure/20061116071909990001?cid=9 18
  18. ^ http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,2-2007000393,00.html
  19. ^ Associated Press (September 13, 2006). "Whitney Houston Files for Divorce From Bobby Brown". {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ "Whitney's prerogative: Leaving Bobby Brown", CNN, September 14, 2006.
  21. ^ "Whitney Houston Hires Heavyweight Help For Divorce Battle". Tittle Tattle Too. The Post Chronicle. September 14, 2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ "Whtiney Bombshell".
  23. ^ "20 People Who Changed Black Music: Pop Darling Whitney Houston, Queen of the Ballad
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