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List of famines

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This is an incomplete list of major famines, ordered by date.

A complete list will almost certainly never become available.

5th century BC

2nd century BC

  • Between 108 BC and 1911 AD there were no fewer than 1828 major famines in China, or one nearly every year in one or another province, which however varied greatly in severity.[1][2]

5th century AD

7th century AD

  • 639 AD - Famine in Arabia during the Caliphate of `Umar ibn Al-Khattab
  • 650 Famine throughout India

8th century AD

9th century AD

  • 800-1000 AD, severe drought killed millions of Maya people with famine and thirst and initiated a cascade of internal collapses that destroyed their civilization[5]
  • 809 famine in Frankish Empire[6]
  • 875-884 peasant rebellion in China inspired by famine; Huang Chao captured capital

10th century AD

11th century AD

  • 1005 Famine in England[8]
  • 1016 Famine throughout Europe[9]
  • 1022,1033 Great famines in India, in which entire provinces were depopulated
  • 1064-1072 Seven years' famine in Egypt
  • 1051 famine forced the Toltecs to migrate from a stricken region in what is now central Mexico[10]
  • 1066 famine in England

13th century

14th century

15th century

  • 1403-1404 famine in Egypt
  • 1441 famine in Mayapan, Mexico[14]
  • 1445 famine in Korea
  • 1450-1454 famine in Aztec Empire
  • 1460 – 1461 Kanshō famine in Japan

16th century

  • 1504 famine in Spain
  • 1518 famine in Venice
  • 1555 famine in England
  • 1567-1570 famine in Harar in Ethiopia, combined with plague. Emir of Harar, died.
  • 1574-1576 famine in Istanbul and Anatolia
  • 1586 famine in England which gave rise to the Poor Law system
  • 1590s famines in Europe

17th century

  • 1599-1600 famine in Spain
  • 1601-1603 one of the worst famines in all of Russian history; famine killed as many as 100,000 in Moscow and up to one-third of Tsar Godunov's subjects.[15][16] Same famine killed about half Estonian population.
  • 1611 famine in Anatolia
  • 1618-1648 famines in Europe caused by Thirty Years' War
  • 1623-1624 last peace-time famine in England
  • 1630-1631 Deccan famine in India kills 2,000,000 (Note: There was a corresponding famine in northwestern China, eventually causing the Ming dynasty to collapse in 1644.)
  • 1636 famine in Spain
  • 1648-1660 Poland lost an estimated 1/3 of its population due to the wars, famine, and plague
  • 1650-1652 famine in the east of France
  • 1651-1653 famine throughout much of Ireland during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland[17]
  • 1661 famine in India, when not a drop of rain fell for two years[18]
  • 1661-1662 famine in Morocco
  • 1669 famine in Bengal
  • 1680s famine in Sahel
  • 1690s famine in Scotland which may have killed 15% of the population
  • 1693-1694 famine in France which killed 2 million people[19]
  • 1695-1697 famine killed about a fifth of Estonian population (70 000 – 75 000 people). Famine also hit Sweden (80 000 – 100 000 dead)
  • 1696-1697 famine in Finland wiped out almost a third of the population[20]

18th century

19th century

  • 1800-1801 famine in Ireland
  • 1811-1812 famine devastated Madrid, taking nearly 20,000 lives
  • 1815 eruption Tambora, Indonesia. Tens of thousands died of subsequent famine
  • 1816-1817 famine in Europe (Year Without a Summer)
  • 1830 famine killed almost half the population of Cape Verde
  • 1830s Tenpo famine (Japan)
  • 1835 famine in Egypt killed 200,000
  • 1845-1849 Great Irish Famine killed more than 1 million people[26]
  • 1846 famine led to the peasant revolt known as “Maria da Fonte” in the north of Portugal
  • 1846-1857 Highland Potato Famine in Scotland
  • 1866 famine in India (Bengal and Orissa); one million perished
  • 1866-1868 Famine in Finland. About 15% of the entire population died
  • 1869 famine in Rajputana; one million and a half perished
  • 1870-1871 famine in Persia is believed to have caused the death of 2 million persons[27]
  • 1873-1874 famine in Anatolia
  • 1879 Famine in Ireland
  • 1876-1879 Famine in India, China, Brazil, Northern Africa (and other countries). Famine in northern China killed 10 million people
  • 1888 famine in Sudan
  • 1888-1892 Ethiopian Great famine. Conditions worsen with cholera outbreaks (1889-92), a typhus epidemic, and a major smallpox epidemic (1889-90).
  • 1891-1892 famine in Russia caused 375,000 to 500,000 deaths[28]
  • 1896-1897 famine in northern China
  • 1896-1902 famine in India

20th century

21st century

Droughts which have not yet become famines

See also

References

  1. ^ China: Land of Famine
  2. ^ "Heaven, Observe!" - TIME
  3. ^ A Brief History of Population
  4. ^ Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages
  5. ^ The Great Maya Droughts: Water, Life, and Death
  6. ^ The Ninth Century
  7. ^ The Economic History of Byzantinum
  8. ^ 1005: The People's Chronology
  9. ^ Famine - LoveToKnow 1911
  10. ^ The Facts of Malnutrition and Famine
  11. ^ Portugal > History and Events
  12. ^ Projects and Events: 14th Century
  13. ^ Bidar District Important Historical Events
  14. ^ Welcome to The Human Past
  15. ^ Boris Feodorovich Godunov
  16. ^ Russia before Peter the Great
  17. ^ BBC - Northern Ireland - A Short History
  18. ^ The 17th Century
  19. ^ Famine And Market In Ancient Régime France
  20. ^ Finland timeline
  21. ^ The Dimension of Famine.
  22. ^ The Little Ice Age in Europe
  23. ^ Len Milich: Anthropogenic Desertification vs ‘Natural’ Climate Trends
  24. ^ Haze Famine (Icelandic history)
  25. ^ ScienceDaily: Icelandic Volcano Caused Historic Famine In Egypt, Study Shows
  26. ^ The Great Famine in Ireland, 1845-1849
  27. ^ The Great Persian Famine of 1870-1871
  28. ^ The History of International Humanitarian Assistance
  29. ^ Another Famine
  30. ^ Global Connections . Timeline
  31. ^ Famine perspectives from past and present
  32. ^ World's worst natural disasters since 1900
  33. ^ The German Colonies on the Volga River - Famine Years
  34. ^ The NDSU Libraries: Germans From Russia
  35. ^ Famine of 1932, or Ukrainian genocide (Soviet history)
  36. ^ Legacy of famine divides Ukraine
  37. ^ The Kazakh Catastrophe and Stalin’s Order of Priorities, 1929-1933: Evidence from the Soviet Secret Archives
  38. ^ Natural Disasters and Hazards - Historical Events Timeline
  39. ^ Famine and Death in Occupied Greece, 1941-1944
  40. ^ Famine plagues Zimbabwe
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