Kiribati
The Republic of Kiribati is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean. The country's 33 islands are scattered over 3800 km around the equator.
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| National motto: 'Maaka te atua, karinea te uea; mataku i te atua, fakamamalu ki te tupu (I-Kiribati: Fear the God, respect the king) | |||||
| Official language | English | ||||
| Capital | Tarawa | ||||
| President | Teburoro Tito | ||||
| Area - Total - % water | Ranked xth 717 km² 0% | ||||
| Population
- Density | Ranked xth
131/km² | ||||
| Independence | July 12, 1979 | ||||
| Currency | Australian dollar | ||||
| Time zone | UTC + 12 | ||||
| National anthem | Teirake Kaini Kiribati | ||||
| Internet TLD | .KI | ||||
History
Main article: History of Kiribati
Since 1892, the Gilbert Islands became a British protectorate together with the Ellice Islands. They became a colony in 1916 and autonomous in 1971.
In 1978, the Ellice Islands became independent as Tuvalu, followed by Kiribati in 1979. Following independence, the United States relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island which became part of Kiribati territory.
Politics
Main article: Politics of Kiribati
The parliament of Kiribati, called Maneaba ni Maungatabu is elected every four years, and consists of 36 representatives. The president is both head of state and head of government, and is called Beretitenti.
Each of the 21 inhabited islands has a local councils which takes care of the daily affairs.
Districts
Main article: Districts of Kiribati
Kiribati is divided into 6 districts:
Geography
Main article: Geography of Kiribati
Kiribati consists of three archipelagos; the Gilbert Islands (16 islands), some 1500 km north of Fiji, the Phoenix Islands (8 islands), some 1800 km southeast of the Gilberts and the Line Islands (9 islands), about 3300 km east of the Gilberts. The Line Islands also include Jarvis Island, Kingman Reef and Palmyra Atoll, but these are administered by the United States.
The islands are:
- Gilbert Islands: Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kuria, Little Makin, Maiana, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tamana, Tarawa
- Phoenix Islands : Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona, Rawaki, Winslow Reef
- Line Islands: Caroline, Filippo Reef, Flint Island, Kiritimati, Malden Island, Starbuck Island, Tabuaeran, Teraina, Vostok
Most of the islands are atolls that hardly rise above sea level. The thin soil means little vegetation is present and agriculture is difficult.
Economy
Main article: Economy of Kiribati
Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports.
The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets.
Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. Foreign financial aid, largely from the United Kingdom and Japan, is a critical supplement to GDP, equal to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years.
Demographics
Main article: Demographics of Kiribati
While English is the official language, I-Kiribati, a Micronesian language, is widely spoken. Christianity is the major relgion in the country, although mixed with many practices of the indigenous religions.
Miscellaneous topics
- Communications in Kiribati
- Transportation in Kiribati
- Military of Kiribati
- Foreign relations of Kiribati