Scurvy grass
| Oxalis enneaphylla | ||||||||||||||
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| Oxalis enneaphylla |
Scurvy grass (Oxalis enneaphylla) is a late spring- and summer-flowering tuberous, alpine perennial plant native to the grasslands of South America. It is a small plant that grows to 7 cm height and 10cm spread. The flowers have an almond scent, and the leaves are edible but have a sharp taste due to their high oxalic acid content. The name enneaphylla comes from the greek εννεα, meaning nine and φυλλον, meaning leaf. The flowers are hermaphrodite and pollinated by Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies).
The plant gets its name from the fact that it is high in vitamin C and so sailors sailing round Cape Horn would consume the leaves to avoid scurvy as can be seen in this extract from the Journal of Syms Covington, who sailed aboard HMS Beagle with [[Charles Darwin]], here describing the Falkland Islands.
While laying here we found it very squally, and at times very cold. The island IS in general mountainous. Not a single tree to be seen but there are low brushes with red berries which are very good eating. Here are bullocks horses and pigs that run wild, rabbits, wild geese and ducks and most excellent snipe shooting on the marshy ground and long grass, of which the island in general has very little else. Likewise There is the tea plant, which bears very sweet berry, and wild thyme which we used as tea, and is very good and much more plentiful than the former.