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Liverpool (UK Parliament constituency)

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Liverpool was a Borough constituency in the county of Lancashire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Members of Parliament. In 1868 this was increased to three Members of Parliament.

The Borough franchise was held by the freemen of the Borough. Each elector had as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings. In 1800 there were around 3000 electors, with elections in this seat being nearly always contested.

The Borough returned several notable Members of Parliament including Prime Minister George Canning, William Huskisson, President of the Board of Trade, Banastre Tarleton, noted soldier in the American War of Independence and most notably, William Roscoe the Abolitionist and Anti Slave Trade campaigner.

The constituency was abolished in 1885, the city being split into nine divisions of Abercromby, East Toxteth, Everton, Exchange, Kirkdale, Scotland, Walton, West Derby and West Toxteth.

Members of Parliament

1295-1640

1640-1868

Election 1st Member 1st Party 2nd Member 2nd Party
November 1640 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir Richard Wynn, Bt. Parliamentarian rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | John Moore Parliamentarian
December 1648 Wynn excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant [1]
October 1649 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Birch
June 1650 Moore died June 1650 - seat left vacant
1653 Liverpool was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Birch Liverpool had only one seat in the First and
Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" |
January 1659 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Gilbert Ireland style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Alderman Blackmore
May 1659 Liverpool was unrepresented in the restored Rump
April 1660 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir Gilbert Ireland style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | William Stanley
1670 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir William Bucknall
1675 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | William Banks
1677 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir Ralph Assheton, Bt. style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Richard Atherton
1679 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Ruisshe Wentworth style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | John Dubois
1685 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir Richard Atherton style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Legh
1689 style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | Richard Savage, Viscount Colchester Whig rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Norris
1694 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Brotherton
January 1695 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Jasper Maudit
November 1695 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir William Norris, Bt.
1698 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | William Clayton
1701 rowspan="6" style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | (Sir) Thomas Johnson [2] Whig
1708 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Richard Norris
1710 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | John Cleiveland
1713 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | William Clayton
1715 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Edward Norris
1722 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | William Cleiveland
1723 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Langham Booth
April 1724 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Bootle
November 1724 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Brereton
1729 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir Thomas Aston, Bt.
1734 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Thomas Brereton [3] style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Richard Gildart
1754 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | John Hardman
1755 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | (Sir) Ellis Cunliffe [4]
1756 style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Charles Pole
1761 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Sir William Meredith, Bt.
1767 style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Richard Pennant Tory
1780 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Bamber Gascoyne Tory style="background-color: Template:/meta/color" | Henry Rawlinson
1784 style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Richard Pennant Tory
1790 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Colonel Banastre Tarleton [5] Tory
1796 rowspan="6" style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Colonel Isaac Gascoyne [6] Tory
1806 style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | William Roscoe Whig
1807 style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Lieutenant General Banastre Tarleton Tory
1812 style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | George Canning [7] Tory
1823 style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | William Huskisson Tory
1830 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | William Ewart Whig
May 1831 style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | John Evelyn Denison [8] Whig
October 1831 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:Tory/meta/color" | Viscount Sandon Tory
1837 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Cresswell Cresswell Conservative
1842 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Lieutenant-General Sir Howard Douglas, Bt Conservative
1847 style="background-color: Template:Peelite/meta/color" | Edward Cardwell Peelite style="background-color: Template:British Whig Party/meta/color" | Sir Thomas Bernard Birch, Bt Whig
1852 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Charles Turner Conservative style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | William Forbes Mackenzie Conservative
1853 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Thomas Horsfall Conservative style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Henry Thomas Liddell Conservative
1855 style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" | Joseph Christopher Ewart Liberal
1865 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Samuel Robert Graves Conservative

1868-1885

  • Constituency increased to three Members (1868)
Election 1st Member 1st Party 2nd Member 2nd Party 3rd Member 3rd Party
1868 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Samuel Robert Graves Conservative rowspan="5" style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Viscount Sandon Conservative rowspan="3" style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" | William Rathbone Liberal
1873 style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | John Torr Conservative
1880 rowspan="4" style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Edward Whitley Conservative
1880 style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" | John Ramsay Liberal
1880 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | Lord Claud John Hamilton Conservative
1882 style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" | Samuel Smith Liberal
  • Constituency abolished (1885)

Notes

  1. ^ Wynn died in July 1649, and a by-election was held to replace him
  2. ^ Knighted 1708
  3. ^ Changed his surname to Salusbury on inheriting an estate from his father-in-law in 1734
  4. ^ Created a baronet, March 1759
  5. ^ Major General from 1794
  6. ^ Major General from 1802, General 1819
  7. ^ The future Prime Minister (in 1827), the Right Hon. George Canning was also returned in 1812 for the Irish borough of Sligo. He elected to sit for Liverpool.
  8. ^ Denison was also elected for Nottinghamshire, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Liverpool

Elections

1832-1868

General Election 1832: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig William Ewart 4,931
Tory Viscount Sandon 4,260
Whig T Thornely 4,096
Tory Sir Howard Douglas, Bt 3,249
Majority
Registered electors 11,283
Whig hold Swing
Tory hold Swing
General Election 1835: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory Viscount Sandon 4,407
Whig William Ewart 4,075
Tory Sir Howard Douglas, Bt 3,869
Whig J Morris 3,627
Majority
Registered electors 12,492
Tory hold Swing
Whig hold Swing
General Election 1837: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Tory Viscount Sandon 4,786
Tory Cresswell Cresswell 4,652
Whig William Ewart 4,381
Whig H Elphinstone 4,206
Majority
Registered electors 11,179
Tory hold Swing
Tory gain from Whig Swing
General Election 1841: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Viscount Sandon 5,979
Conservative Cresswell Cresswell 5,792
Whig Sir J Walmsley 4,647
Whig Viscount Palmerston 4,431
Majority
Registered electors 15,539
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Liverpool by-election, 1842
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Sir Howard Douglas, Bt
General Election 1847: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Peelite Edward Cardwell 5,581
Liberal Sir Thomas Bernard Birch, Bt 4,882
Conservative Sir D Mackworth, Bt 4,089
Conservative Lord John Manners 2,413
Majority
Registered electors 17,004
Peelite gain from Conservative Swing
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing
General Election 1852: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Turner 6,693
Conservative William Forbes Mackenzie 6,377
Peelite Edward Cardwell 5,247
Liberal Joseph Christopher Ewart 4,910
Majority
Registered electors 17,433
Conservative gain from Peelite Swing
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing
  • Election declared void on petition (Bribery by Mackenzie & Turner).
Liverpool by-election, 1853 (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Horsfall 6,034
Conservative Henry Thomas Liddell 5,543
Liberal Sir T E Perry 4,673
Conservative J B Moore 1,274
Majority
Registered electors 16,182
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Liverpool by-election, 1855
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Christopher Ewart 5,718
Conservative Sir S G Bonham, Bt 4,262
Majority 1,456
Registered electors 17,795
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing
General Election 1857: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Horsfall 7,566
Liberal Joseph Christopher Ewart 7,121
Conservative Charles Turner 6,316
Majority
Registered electors 18,318
Conservative hold Swing
Liberal hold Swing
General Election 1859: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Christopher Ewart
Conservative Thomas Horsfall
Registered electors 18,779
General Election 1865: Liverpool (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Horsfall 7,866
Conservative Samuel Robert Graves 7,500
Liberal Joseph Christopher Ewart 7,160
Majority
Registered electors 20,618
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing

1868-1885

General Election 1868: Liverpool (3 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Samuel Robert Graves 16,766
Conservative Viscount Sandon 16,222
Liberal William Rathbone 15,337
Liberal W N Massey 15,017
Majority
Registered electors 39,645
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Liverpool by-election, 1873
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Torr 18,702
Liberal W S Caine 16,790
Majority 1,912
Registered electors 52,912
Conservative hold Swing
General Election 1874: Liverpool (3 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Viscount Sandon 20,206
Conservative John Torr 19,763
Liberal William Rathbone 16,706
Liberal W S Caine 15,801
Lib-Lab W S Simpson 2,435
Majority
Registered electors 54,952
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Liberal hold Swing
Liverpool by-election, 1874
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Viscount Sandon
Liverpool by-election, February 1880
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edward Whitley 26,106
Liberal Lord Ramsay 23,885
Majority 2,221
Registered electors 63,946
Conservative hold Swing
General Election 1880: Liverpool (3 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Lord Ramsay
Conservative Viscount Sandon
Conservative Edward Whitley
Registered electors 63,946
Liberal hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative hold Swing
Liverpool by-election, August 1880
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Lord Claud John Hamilton 21,019
Liberal Samuel Plimsoll 19,118
Majority 1,901
Registered electors 63,946
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing
Liverpool by-election, 1882
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Samuel Smith 18,198
Conservative Arthur Bower Forwood 17,889
Majority 309
Registered electors 62,039
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing

References

  • Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
  • D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
  • Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
  • F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
  • J E Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
  • Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages [self-published source] [better source needed]

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