Independent cities of Germany
This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 439 administrative districts; these consist of 323 rural districts (Landkreise, see List of German rural districts) and 116 urban districts (Kreisfreie Städte / Stadtkreise) - cities which constitute a district in their own right.
A similar concept is the Statutarstadt in Austria. The concept is comparable to the independent city in the English-speaking world.
Baden-Württemberg
Bavaria
Berlin
Brandenburg
Bremen
Hamburg
Hesse
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Lower Saxony
¹ following the "Göttingen Law" of July 1 1964, the town of Göttingen is incorporated into the district (Landkreis) of Göttingen, but the rules on urban districts still apply, as long as no other rules exist.
² following the "Law on the region of Hannover" of June 5 2001, Hannover counts as an urban district as long as no other rules apply.
North Rhine-Westphalia
Rhineland-Palatinate
Saarland
There are no longer any urban districts. The town of Saarbrücken used to be an urban district but became incorporated into the Saarbrücken Town Federation on January 1 1974.
Saxony
Saxony-Anhalt
Schleswig-Holstein
Thuringia