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Taxonomy of Pachypodium

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The Pachypodium genus is usually conceived as a general speciation-concept in two broad strokes where species are organized by macro-locations in either Continental Southern Africa or Madagascar. In 1999, Rapanarivo et al. in Pachypodium (Apocynaceae): Taxonomy, habitats and cultivation list twenty three species; where eighteen species are endemic to Madagascar and five are located in Continental Southern Africa. To this number must be added two more species; namely P. menabeum Leandri and P. makayense Lavranos (2004). That bring the count up to twenty five species. Both species are from Madagascar. There are apparently seventeen shrubs and eight trees in the genus Pachypodium.

Species included in the genus Pachypodium are as follows:

(Rapanarivo et al., 1999) & (Lavranos, 2004) & (Mays, Harry, 2005)
(01) P. ambongense Poiss. [Madagascar, shrub]
(02) P. baronii Costantin and Bois [Madagascar, shrub]
(03) P. bicolor Lavranos and Rapanarivo [Madagascar, shrub]
(04) P. bispinosum(L.f.) A. DC. [Southern Continental Africa, shrub]
(xx) P. brevicalyx (H. Perrier) Pichon or P. densiflorum var. brevicalyx H. Perrier >>>Rapanarivo et al. synonymy for P. densiflorum Baker
(05) P. brevicaule Baker [Madagascar, shrub]
(06) P. cactipes K. Schum [Madagascar, shrub] >>>According to Rapanarivo et al. no longer a synonym for P. rosulatum
(07) P. decaryi Poiss. [Madagascar, shrub]
(08) P. densiflorum Baker [Madagascar, shrub]
(09) P. eburneum Lavranos and Rapanarivo [Madagascar, shrub]
(10) P. geayi Costantin and Bois [Madagascar, tree]
(11) P. gracilius (H. Perrier) Rapanarivo [Madagascar, shrub]
(12) P. horombense Poiss. [Madagascar, shrub]
(13) P. inopinatum Lavranos [Madagascar, shrub]
(14)P. lamerei (Madagascar palm) Drake [Madagascar, tree]
(15) P. lealii (Bottle tree) Welw. [Southern Continental Africa, tree]
(16) P. makayense Lavranos [Madagascar, shrub]¹
(17) P. menabeum Leandri [Madagascar, tree]²
(18) P. meridionale (H. Perrier) Pichon [Madagascar, tree]
(19) P. namaquanum (Cobas tree) (Wyley ex Harv.) Welw.[Southern Continental Africa, tree]
(xx) P. ramosum >>>Rapanarivo et al. is a synonym for P. lamere i
(20) P. rosulatum Baker [Madagascar, shrub]
(21) P. rutenbergianum Vatke [Madagascar, tree]
(22) P. saundersii N.E. Br. [Southern Continental Africa, shrub] >>> Rapanarivo et al. no longer a variety of P. lealii.
(23) P. sofiense(Poiss.) H. Perrier [Madagascar, tree]
(24) P. succulentum (L.f.) A. DC. [Southern Continental Africa, Shrub]
(25) P. windsorii Poiss. [Madagascar, Shrub]

References

  • A. DC., B & P bbbreviation, A. de Candolle or A. L. P. P. de Candolle (Full name) Alphonse Louis Pierre Pyramus de Candolle (Name variant) Alphonse Louis Pierre Pyramus de Candolle; (Life:) 1806-1893; Author Data: Switzerland; yet Collector Name: A. L. P. P. de Candolle, G. Beck; France.
  • Baker, B & P Abbreviation, Baker (Author Name). J. G. Baker (Full name) John Gilbert Baker (Name Variant) John Gilbert Baker; (Life:) 1834-1920; Author Data Baker, England; Collector: J. G. Baker, England.
  • N. E. Br., B & P Abbreviation, N. E. Brown, Author Name; N. E. Brown (Full name) Nicholas Edward Brown (Variant Name): Nicholas Edward Brown; (Life) 1849-1934; Author Data: England; Collector Name: N. E. Brown Data: England, South Africa.
  • Costantin & Bois: Team not listed in HUH. Seems to be:
    • (I)Bois D. G. J. M. Bois. (Full name) Desire Georges Jean Marie Bois, (Name variant) Desire Georges Jean Marie Bois; (Life:) 1856-1946; Author Data Bois, France.
    • (II)Costantin, B & P abbreviation Costantin. J. N. Costantin (Full name) Julien Noel Costantin (Name Variant) Julien Noel Costantin; (Life:) 1857-1936; Author Data Costantin, France.
  • Drake B & P abbreviation, (Author name)Drake. E. Drake del Castillo (Full name) Emmanuel Drake del Castillo; (Name Variant) Emmanuel Drake del Castillo; (Life:) 1855-1904; Author Data: Drake, France; Collector Data: E. Drake del Castillo, France.
  • Harv. B & P abbreviation, Author name Harvey, : W. H. Harvey (Full name) William Henry Harvey, (Name variant) W. H. Harvey, William Henry Harvey; (Life) 1811-1866; Author Data: Australia, Fiji, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, United States of America, Collector name W. H. Harvey, Collector Data: Australia, Chile, England, Fiji, Ireland, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tonga, United States of America.
  • Lavranos & Rapanarivo. Team where Rapanarivo is not listed in HUH
    • (I)Lavranos, B & P abbreviation Lavranos: J. J. Lavranos. (Full name) Lavranos, John Jacob, (Name variant John Jacob Lavranos; John Lavranos) (Life:) 1926-x; Author Data: Lavranos, Portugal; Collector Data: J. J. Lavranos, Malagasy Republic, Somalia, South Africa, Yemen.
    • (II)Rapanarivo: S.H.J.V. Rapanarivo.
  • Lavranos, B & P abbreviation Lavranos. J. J. Lavranos. (Full name) Lavranos, John Jacob, (Name variant John Jacob Lavranos; John Lavranos) (Life:) 1926-x; Author Data: Lavranos, Portugal; Collector Data: J. J. Lavranos, Malagasy Republic, Somalia, South Africa, Yemen.
  • Léandri, B & P abbreviation Léandri. J. D. Léandri (Full name) Jacques Désiré Leandri; (Name Variant)Jacques Désiré Léandri; (Life:) 1903-1982; Author Data Léandri, France; Collector Data: J. D. Léandri, Morocco.
  • L. f.: Uncertain. Maybe L. F. H. Lefebure (1754-1839) or L. F. E. Ramond (1753-1829). Both are alive in 1781 to be the author of Echites succulenta; but unlikely.
    • (I) Author Name: Lefébure, B & P abbreviation Leféb.>>>L. F. H. Lefebure (Full name) Lefebure, Louis F. Henri, (Name Variant) Louis F. Henri Lefebure; France; Unknown by and large collection. (Maybe)
    • (II) Author Name: Ramond>>>L. F. E. Ramond (1753-1829) (Full name) Ramond, Louis Francois Elisabeth, (Name Variant) Baron de Carbonnières; France; Collected: Pyrenees 1799. (Doubtful)
  • H. Perrier B & P abbreviation, Perrier de la Bâthie. J. M. H. A. Perrier de la Bâthie. (Full name) Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie, (Name variant) Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bathie; Perrier de la Bâthie, Henri; (Life:) 1873-1958; Author Data H. Perrier, France, Malagasy Republic, Vietnam; Collector Data: J. M. H. A. Perrier de la Bâthie, France, Malagasy Republic, Vietnam.
  • Pichon, B & P abbreviation, (Author name) Pichon. M. Pichon (Full name)Pichon; Marcel (Name variant) Marcel Pichon; (Life)1921-1954; Author Data: Pichon; Collector Data: M. Pichon, France.
  • Poiss., B & P abbreviation, (Author Name) Poisson. H. L. Poisson (Full name)Poisson, Henri Louis; (Name Variant)Henri Louis Poisson; (Life) 1877-1963; Author Data Poisson, France, Malagasy Republic
  • Rapanarivo. S.H.J.V. Rapanarivo. Not listed in HUH.
  • K. Schum., B & P abbreviation, (Author name) K. Schumann. K. M. Schumann (Full name) Karl Moritz Schumann; (Name Variant) Karl Moritz Schumann; (Life:) 1851-1904; Author Data K. Schumann,Germany; Collector Data: K. M. Schumann
  • Vatke, B & P abbreviation Vatke. (Full name) (Georg (George) Carl) Wilhelm Vatke. (Name Variant) Georg (George) Carl Wilhelm Vatke; (Life:) 1849-1889; Author Data: Vatke, Germany.
  • Welwitsch B & P abbreviation Welw.: F. M. J. Welwitsch; (Full name) Friedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch (Name variant) Friedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch; (Life) 1806-1872; Author Data: Angola, Austria, Namibia, Portugal; Collector Data: Angola, Portugal.
  • Wyley, A. Wyley: (Full name) Wyley, Andrew, (Name variant) Andrew Wyley; (Life:) 1820-x;Author name Wyley, B & P abbreviation Wyley: Collector name A. Wyley; South Africa.

External Sources

  • ¹Lavranos, John, J. "Pachypodium makayense: A New Species From Madagascar. (Cactua and Succulent Journal 76 (2) 85-88.
  • ²Mays, Harry. [European Union Honorary Representative] The Huntington Botannical Gardens' 2005 offering of International Succulent Introductions for the European Union. (Woodsleig, Moss Lane, St. Michaels on Wyre, Preston, PR3 0TY, UK: 2005)
  • Rapanarivo, S.H.J.V., Lavranos, J.J., Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., and Röösli, W. Pachypodium (Apocynaceae): Taxonomy, habitats and cultivation "Taxonomic revision of the genus Pachyypodium," S.H.J.V. Rapanarivo and J.J. Lavranos; "The habitats of Pachyppodium species" S.H.J.V. Rapanarivo; "Cultivation" W. Röösli. (A.A. Balkema: Rotterdam, Brokkfield, 1999) [The rest of the list is based on Rapanarivo et al.]


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