List of names of European cities in different languages
Most cities in Europe have alternative names in different languages. Some cities have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known alternative names for all major European cities. It also includes some smaller towns that are important because of their location or history.
For the purposes of this article, Europe includes Turkey, Cyprus and all the republics of the former Soviet Union.
This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any city is or was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in..."?.
A
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Aabenraa | Apenrade (German) |
| Aachen | Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch), Akwizgran (Polish), Aquisgrán (Spanish), Aquisgrana (Italian, Portuguese), Cáchy (Czech, Slovak) |
| Adrianople | Adrianopla (Portuguese), Adrianopel (German), Adrianopol (Polish, Romanian), Adrianopole (variant in Romanian), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch, Slovak), Adrianopoli (Italian), Adhrianúpolis - Αδριανούπολις (Greek), Edirne (Czech, Dutch, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Hadrianople (variant in English) |
| Albacete | Albacete (Spanish), al-Basīt (Arabic) |
| Alexandroupolis | Alexandropolis (Dutch), Alexandrúpolis - Αλεξαντρούπολις (Greek), Dedeağaç (Turkish) |
| Algeciras | Algeciras (Spanish), al-Jazīra (Arabic) |
| Algiers | Algeri (Italian), Algers (French), Algier (German), Algiers (Dutch), al-Jazā'ir (Arabic), Alžir (Serbian), Argel (Portuguese, Spanish), Cezayir (Turkish) |
| Alicante | Alacant (Catalan), Alicante (Spanish), al-Laqant (Arabic) |
| Almaty | Alma-Ata (Dutch, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almaty (Kazakh) |
| Amsterdam | Amstardām (Arabic), Amsterdam (Dutch, French, Italian), Amsterdão (Portuguese), Amsterodam (Czech), Amszterdam (Hungarian) |
| Ankara | Ancara (Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English name, Italian [obs.]), Ankara (Turkish), Ánkira - Άγκυρα (Greek), Anqara (Arabic) |
| Antioch | Antakya (Turkish), Antioche (French), Antiochia (Italian, German, Polish, Slovak), Antiochie (Czech), Antiokia (Finnish), Antioquía (Spanish) |
| Antwerp | Amberes (Spanish), Amvérsa - Αμβέρσα (Greek), Antuérpia (Portuguese), Antverpen (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Antverpene (Latvian), Antverpy (Czech, Slovak), Antwīrb (Arabic), Antwerpen (Dutch, Finnish, German), Antwerpia (Polish), Anvers (French), Anversa (Italian) |
| Aquileia | Aquileia (Italian), Aquileja (German), Oglej (Slovene) |
| Archangel | Arcángel (Spanish), Archangelsk (German), Arhanđel (Serbian), Arkangeli (Finnish), Arkhangel'sk (Russian) |
| Arnhem | Arnheim (German), Arnhem (Dutch) |
| Ashkhabad | Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad (German), Ašgabat (Finnish), Aşgabat (Turkish), Ašhabad (Serbian), Ashgabat (Turkmen), Ashkhabad (Russian), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aszchabad (Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic) |
| Astana | Akmolinsk (Russian), Akmola (Finnish), Akmola (variant in Russian), Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana (Kazakh), Tselinograd (former Russian) |
| Athens | Afiny (Russian, Ukrainian), Ateena (Finnish), Aten (Norwegian, Swedish), Atena (Croatian, Romanian), Atenas (Portuguese, Spanish), Atēnas (Latvian), Atene (Italian), Atenes (Catalan), Atény (Czech, Slovak), Ateny (Polish), Athen (Danish, German, Norwegian), Athén (Hungarian), Athene (Dutch), Athènes (French), Athína - Αθήνα (Greek), Atīnā (Arabic), Atina (Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish) |
| Augsburg | Augsbourg (French), Augšpurk (Czech), Augusta (Italian) |
| Auschwitz | Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim (Slovak), Oświęcim (Polish) |
B
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Baku | Bakoe (Dutch), Bakou (French), Bākū (Arabic), Bakü (Turkish) |
| Bar | Antivari (Italian), Bar (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Barcelona | Barcellona (Italian), Barcelona (Spanish), Barcelone (French), Baršalūna (Arabic), Barselona (Russian, Serbian, Turkish, Ukrainian), Varkelóni - Βαρκελόνη (Greek) |
| Basel | Bâle (French), Basilea (Italian, Romansh, Spanish), Basileia (Portuguese), Basilej (Czech), Basle (variant in English), Bazel (Dutch), Bázel (Hungarian), Bazel' (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Bāzil (Arabic), Bazilej (Slovak), Bazylea (Polish), Vasilía - Βασιλέία (Greek) |
| Bath | Aquae Sulis (Latin), Baðum / Baðan / Baðon (Anglo-Saxon) |
| Bautzen | Budyšín (Czech, Slovak, Sorbian/Lusatian), Budziszyn (Polish) |
| Belfast | Béal Feirste (Irish) |
| Belford | Beffert (German), Befert (old German) |
| Belgrade | Bělehrad (Czech), Belehrad (Slovak), Belgrad (Bulgarian, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Turkish), Belgrád (Hungarian), Belgrada (Latvian), Belgrado (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Beograd (Croatian), Beograd - Београд (Serbian), Bilġrād (Arabic), Bjelhrad (Ukrainian), Velighrádhi (Greek) |
| Berlin | Barlīn (Arabic), Berliini (Finnish), Berlijn (Dutch), Berlim (Portuguese), Berlín (Czech, Slovak, Spanish), Berlīne (Latvian), Berlino (Italian), Verolíno (Greek) |
| Berne | Bern (Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Russian, Slovak, Turkish, Ukrainian), Berna (Italian, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Berno (Polish), Vérni - Βέρνη (Greek) |
| Bilbao | Bilbao (Spanish), Bilbo (Basque) |
| Bishkek | Bichkek (French), Biškek (Finnish, Serbian), Bişkek (Turkish), Biszkek (Polish); Frunze (former name) |
| Bologna | Bologna (Italian), Bologne (French), Boloňa (Czech), Bolonia (Polish, Romanian, Spanish), Bolonja (Serbian), Bolonya (Turkish) |
| Bolzano | Bolzano (Italian), Bozen (German) |
| Bordeaux | Bordeaux (French), Bordèu (Gascon), Burdeos (Spanish) |
| Bonn | Bona (Portuguese), Vóni - Βόννη (Greek) |
| Brasov | Braşov (Romanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Braszów (Polish), Kronstadt (German), Stephanópolis (Greek) |
| Bratislava | Bratislava (Czech, Slovak), Bratyslava (Ukrainian), Bratysława (Polish), Pressburg (German), Prešporok (Slovak till 1919), Pozsony (Hungarian) [Note: The name was officially changed from Pressburg/Prešporok/Pozsony to Bratislava in 1919; for a list of older names see Bratislava] |
| Bremen | Bréma (Hungarian), Brema (Italian, Polish), Brême (French), Brémy (Czech, Slovak), Vrémi (Greek) |
| Brest (Belarus) | Brest-Litovsk (former English and Russian name), Brześć Litewski (Polish), Brześć nad Bugiem (Polish 1918-1939) |
| Bristol | Caerodor (Welsh) |
| Brno | Brno (Czech), Brünn (German) |
| Bruges | Briž (Serbian), Bruges (French), Brugge (Dutch), Brügge (German), Bruggia (old Italian), Bruggy (Slovak), Brugia (Polish), Brugy (Czech), Brujas (Spanish), Brygge (Finnish) |
| Brunswick | Braunschweig (German), Brunsvajg (Serbian), Brunšvik (Czech, Slovene), Brunsvique (Portuguese), Brunswick (French, Italian, Spanish), Brunswijk (Dutch), Brunszwik (Polish) |
| Brussels | Bréissel (Luxembourgish), Brisel (Serbian), Brisele (Latvian), Brüksel (Turkish), Bruksela (Polish), Brūksil (Arabic), Brusel (Czech, Slovak), Bruselas (Spanish), Bruselles (Catalan), Brussel (Dutch), Brüssel (German), Brusselle (Italian [obs.]), Brüsszel (Hungarian), Bruxelas (Portuguese), Bruxelles (French, Italian), Bryssel (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), Bryuksel (Bulgarian), Bryussel (Russian, Ukrainian), Vrixéles - Βρυξέλλες (Greek) |
| Bucharest | Boekarest (Dutch), Bucarest (French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Bucureşti (Romanian), Bukarest (Danish, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Swedish), Bukareštas (Lithuanian), Bukareste (Latvian), Bukareszt (Polish), Bukharest (Russian, Ukrainian), Bükreş (Turkish), Bukurešt (Croatian, Serbian), Bukurešť (Czech, Slovak), Būqārist (Arabic), Voukourésti (Greek) |
| Budapest | Boedapest (Dutch), Būdābist (Arabic), Budapest (Italian, German), Budapešt (Russian, Ukrainian), Budapešť (Czech, Slovak), Budapešta (Bulgarian), Budapesta (Romanian), Budapeste (Portuguese), Budapeşte (Turkish), Budapeszt (Polish), Budimpešta (Croatian, Serbian), Voudhapésti (Greek); Ofen (old German name), Budin (old Turkish name) |
| Budweis | Budweis (German), Budziejowice (Polish), České Budějovice (Czech, Slovak) |
| Buje | Buie d'Istria (Italian), Buje (Croatian) |
| Butrint | Butrint / Butrinti (Albanian), Butrinto (Italian) |
| Buzet | Buzet (Croatian), Pinguente (Italian) |
| Bydgoszcz | Bromberg (German), Bydgostia (Latin), Bydgoszcz (Polish) |
| Bytow | Betowo (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Bütow (German), Bytów (Polish) |
C
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Cádiz | Cadice (Italian), Cádis (Portuguese), Cadix (French), Cádiz (Spanish), Kadyks (Polish), Kadiz (Serbian), al-Qādis (Arabic) |
| Cagliari | Cagliari (Italian), Càller (Catalan), Casteddu (Sardinian), Kaljari (Serbian) |
| Canterbury | Caergaint (Welsh), Cantorbéry (French), Kantelberg (Dutch) |
| Carcassonne | Carcassona (Italian), Carcassonne (French) |
| Cardiff | Caerdydd (Welsh), Kārdifa (Latvian) |
| Carlsbad | Karlovy Vary (Czech), Karlsbad (German, Swedish) |
| Cartagena | Cartagena (Spanish), Carthago Nova (Latin), al-Qartājanna (Arabic) |
| Celje | Celje (Slovene), Celle (German), Cilli (older English (1911 EB), older German) |
| Cetinje | Cettigne (Italian), Cetinje (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Chemnitz | Chemnitz (German), Saská Kamenice (Czech); Karl-Marx-Stadt (German 1953-1990) |
| Chester | Caer (Welsh) |
| Chişinău | Chişinău (Moldovan/Romanian), Kešenev (Yiddish), Kischinew (German), Kishinjov - Кишинёв (Russian), Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech), Kišinjev (Serbian), Kišiňov (Slovak), Kisinyov (Hungarian), Kiszyniów (Polish), Kyšyniv (Ukrainian) |
| Cieszyn | Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Těšín (Czech), Tešín (Slovak) |
| Cleves | Cléveris (Spanish), Clèves (French), Kleef (Dutch), Kleve (German) |
| Cluj | Claudiopolis (Latin), Cluj-Napoca (Romanian), Klausenburg (German), Kluž (Czech, Slovak), Kluż (Polish), Kolozsvár (Hungarian} |
| Coblenz | Coblença (Portuguese), Coblence (French), Coblenza (Italian), Koblencja (Polish), Koblenz (German) |
| Coimbra | Coimbra (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Coimbre (French), Qulumriya (Arabic) |
| Cologne | Colonia (Italian, Spanish), Colónia (Portuguese), Keln (Serbian), Kelnas (Lithianian), Keulen (Dutch), Kjol'n (Russian, Ukrainian), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech), Kolín nad Rýnom (Slovak), Kölle (Kölsch [local dialect]), Köln (Finnish, German, Turkish), Kolonía (Greek), Kolonia (Polish) |
| Copenhagen | Copenaghen (Italian), Copenhaga (Portuguese, Romanian), Copenhague (French, Spanish), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic), København (Danish, Norwegian), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic), Kodaň (Czech, Slovak), Kööpenhamina (Finnish), Kopengagen (Bulgarian, Russian), Kopenhaagen (Estonian), Kopenhag (Turkish), Kopenhaga (Polish), Kopenhagen (Croatian, Dutch, German), Kopenhāgena (Latvian), Köpenhamn (Swedish), Kopenkhági (Greek), Koppenhága (Hungarian) |
| Córdoba | Cordoue (French), Còrdova (Catalan), Cordova (Italian), al-Qurduba (Arabic) |
| Corfu | Corcyra (Latin), Corfou (French), Corfù (Italian), Kérkyra - Κέρκυρα (Greek), Korfu (Finnish, German, Polish, Slovak), Krf (Croatian, Serbian, Russian) |
| Corinth | Corint (Catalan), Corinthe (French), Corinto (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Korint (Serbian, Slovak), Korinth (German), Kórinthos - Κόρινθος (Greek), Korintti (Finnish), Korynt (Polish) |
| Cork | Corc (Welsh), Corcaigh (Irish) |
| Corunna | La Corogne (French), A Coruña (Galician), La Coruña (Spanish) |
| Cottbus | Chociebuż (Polish), Chóśebuz (Sorbian) |
| Cracow | Cracovia (Italian, Spanish, Romanian), Cracóvia (Portuguese), Cracovie (French), Kraka (Yiddish), Krakau (Dutch, German), Krakiv (Ukrainian), Krakkó (Hungarian), Krakov (Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Krakova (Finnish), Krakovía - Κρακοβία (Greek), Kraków (Polish), Krākūf (Arabic), Krokuva (Lithuanian) |
D
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Den Bosch | Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque (Spanish), Boscoducale (Italian [obs.]), Den Bosch / 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Herzogenbusch (German) |
| Derry | Doire (Irish), Londonderry (official British name) |
| Dijon | Digione (Italian), Dijon (French) |
| Donetsk | Donetsk (Russian), Donezk (German), Donieck (Polish), Donjeck (Serbian); Stalino (former name), Yuzovka (former name) |
| Dover | Douvres (French), Duvra (Latvian) |
| Dresden | Drážďany (Czech, Slovak), Dresda (Italian, Portuguese), Dresde (French, Spanish), Drésdi (Greek), Drezno (Polish) |
| Dubrovnik | Dubrovnik (Croatian, Serbian), Ragusa (Italian) |
| Dublin | Baile Átha Cliath (Irish), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian), Dhuvlíno - Δουβλίνο (Greek), Dublim (Portuguese), Dublín (Spanish), Dublino (Italian), Dulenn (Breton), Dulyn (Welsh) |
| Dunkirk | Dhunkérki - Δουγκέρκη (Greek), Duinkerken (Dutch), Dunkerque (French), Dunkierka (Polish), Dünkirchen (German), Dunquerque (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Durrës | Drač (Croatian, Serbian), Durazzo (Italian), Durrës / Durrësi (Albanian) |
| Düsseldorf | Düsseldorf (German), Dusseldórfia (Portuguese), Dusseldorp (Dutch) |
| Dushanbe | Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe (Finnish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Tajik), Duşanbe (Turkish), Dūšānbī (Arabic), Duschanbe (German), Duszanbe (Polish); Hissar (former name) |
E
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Edinburgh | Dún Éideann (Irish), Dùn Èideann (Scots Gaelic), Edhimvoúrgho - Εδιμβούργο (Greek), Edimbourg (French), Edimburgo (Italian), Edinburg (German [rare]), Edinburga (Latvian), Edinburk (Czech), Edynburg (Polish) |
| Elsinore | Elseneur (French), Elsinor (Spanish), Elsinore (Italian), Helsingør (Danish), Helsingör (Finnish, German) |
F
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Flensburg | Flensborch (Low Saxon), Flensborg (Danish), Flensburg (German) |
| Florence | Firenca (Croatian, Serbian), Firenze (Finnish, Italian), Floransa (Turkish), Florença (Portuguese), Florència (Catalan), Florencia (Slovak, Spanish), Florencja (Polish), Florenţa (Romanian), Florenz (German) |
| Flushing | Flesinga (Spanish), Flessinga (Italian), Flessingue (French), Vlissingen (Dutch) |
| Frankfurt | Francfort (Catalan), Fráncfort del Meno (Spanish), Francfort-sur-le-Main (French), Francoforte sobre o Meno (Portuguese), Francoforte sul Meno (Italian), Frankfurt am Main (German), Frankfúrti - Φραγκφούρτη (Greek), Frankfurt nad Menem (Polish), Frankfurt nad Mohanom (Slovak) |
| Frankfurt (East Germany) | Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish), Francfort-sur-l'Oder (French), Francoforte sobre o Oder (Portuguese), Francoforte sull'Oder (Italian), Frankfurt an der Oder (German), Frankfurt nad Odrą (Polish), Frankfurt nad Odrou (Slovak) |
| Freiburg | Freiburg im Breisgau (German), Fribourg-en-Brisgau (French), Friburgo di Brisgovia (Italian) |
| Freising | Brižinje/Brižine (Slovene), Freising (German), Frisinga (Italian, Spanish), Frisingue (French) |
| Fribourg | Freiburg im Üechtland (German), Fribourg (French), Friburg (Romansh), Friburgo (Italian) |
G
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Gallipoli | Gelibolu (Turkish), Gallipoli (Italian), Galipolje (Croatian, Serbian), Kalípolis (Greek) |
| Galway | Gaillimh (Irish Gaelic) |
| Gdańsk | Danzica (Italian), Danzig (German), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdańsk (Polish), Gduńsk (Kashubian) |
| Gdynia | Gdingen (German), Gdyně (Czech), Gdiniô (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Gdynia (Polish), Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945) |
| Geneva | Cenevre (Turkish), Ginebra (Catalan, Romanian, Spanish), Geneve (Finnish), Genève (French), Genf (German), Ginevra (Italian), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa (Polish), Genebra (Portuguese), Geneve / Genève (Dutch), Jinīf (Arabic), Yenévi (Greek), Ženeva (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Ukrainian) |
| Genoa | Cenova (Turkish), Gènova (Catalan), Janov (Czech, Slovak), Genua (Dutch, German, Polish), Genova (Finnish, Italian), Gênes (French), Gênova (Portuguese), Đenova (Serbian), Génova (Spanish) |
| Ghent | Gent (Dutch/Flemish, Finnish, German), Gand (French), Gandawa (Polish), Gante (Spanish), Guanto (old Italian) |
| Gibraltar | Cebelitarık (Turkish), Gibilterra (Italian) |
| Girona | Gerona (Spanish) |
| Gjirokastër | Argirocastro (Italian), Aryirókastro (Greek), Gjirokastër / Gjirokastra (Albanian) |
| Glarus | Glaris (French), Glarus (German), Glarona (Italian), Glaruna (Romansh) |
| Gorizia | Gorica (Slovene), Gorizia (Italian), Görz (German) |
| Görlitz | Görlitz (German), Zgorzelec (Polish), Zhořelec (Czech) |
| Gothenburg | Göteborg (Finnish, German, Swedish), Goeteborg (Polish), Gotemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg (Dutch, German [obs.]), Göteburg (Turkish) |
| Göttingen | Getynga (Polish), Gotinga (Spanish, Portuguese), Gottinga (Italian), Gœttingue (French) |
| Granada | al-Ġarnāda (Arabic), Grenade (French) |
| Győr | Győr (Hungarian), Raab (German), Ráb (Czech) |
| Graz | Gradec (Slovene) |
| Grodno | Hrodna (Belarusian), Hrodno (Ukrainian), Gardinas (Lithuanian) |
| Groningen | Groningue (French), Groninga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Grozny | Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen) |
H
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Haderslev | Hadersleben (German) |
| Hamburg | Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburk (Czech), Hamborg (Danish, Swedish), Hampuri (Finnish), Hambourg (French), Amvoúrgo (Greek), Amburgo (Italian), Hamburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gamburg (Russian), Hamburch (Low Saxon) |
| Hämeenlinna | Tavastehus (Swedish) |
| Hamelin | Hameln (German), Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin (French, Italian, Portuguese), Hamelín (Spanish) |
| Hanover | Anóvero (Greek), Hanovre (French), Hannover (Dutch, Finnish, Italian, German), Hanovra (Romanian), Ganover (Russian), Hanóver (Spanish), Hanôver (Portuguese) |
| Heligoland | Helgoland (German) |
| Helsinki | Hilsīnkī (Arabic), Hel'sinki (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Helsinky (Czech), Helsingfors (Danish, Swedish), Helsingi (Estonian), Elsínki (Greek), Helsinkis (Lithuanian), Helsínquia (Portuguese) |
| Heraklion | Iraklion (Greek, Polish), Candia (Italian) |
I
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Innsbruck | Inomost (Old Slovene) |
| Istanbul | İstanbul (Turkish), Stamboll (Albanian), Istanbūl (Arabic), Constantinoble (Catalan), Istanboel (Dutch), Isztambul (Hungarian), Konstantinoúpoli (Greek), Stambula (Latvian), Stambulas (Lithuanian), Istanbuł / Stambuł (Polish), Istambul (Croatian, Italian, Romanian, Serbian), Stambul (Russian, Ukrainian), Estambul (Spanish) Former names: Carigrad, Constantinopol, Bizantium (Latin), Bizanc (Croatian, Slovene, Serbian, Czech, Slovak, Polish, Russian), Costantinopoli / Bisanzio (Italian), Konstantinopoli (Finnish), Miklagard (Old Norse); Estambul, Kostan, Kospoli, Koshta, Koshtandina, Konstantinopyla (other variants during Ottoman period) |
| Izmir | İzmir (Turkish), Esmirna (Catalan, Spanish), Smyrna (Serbian, variant in English), Smirne (Italian), Smirni (Greek) |
J
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Jakobstad | Pietarsaari (Finnish) |
| Janina | Ioannina (Greek, Finnish), Giannina (Italian), Yanya (Turkish) |
| Jena | Iéna (French) |
K
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Kaliningrad | Königsberg (German), Kaljinjingrad (Croatian, Serbian), Královec (Czech), Królewiec (former Polish name), Karaliaucius (Lithuanian) |
| Kandalaksha | Kantalahti / Kannanlahti (Finnish) |
| Kartuzy | Karthaus (German) |
| Katowice | Katovice (Czech, Serbian), Kattowitz (German), Katoviçe (Turkish), Stalinogród (former) |
| Kaunas | Kowno (Polish), Kauen (German) |
| Kem' | (Vienan-)Kemi (Finnish) |
| Kharkov | Harkova (Finnish), Charków (Polish), Charkov (Czech, Slovak), Karkov (Turkish), Kharkiv (Ukrainian) |
| Kiel | Kilonia (Polish), Kylius (Lithuanian), Quília (Portuguese) |
| Kiev | Kīyif (Arabic), Kijev (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Hungarian, Russian), Kyjev (Czech, Slovak), Kiëv (Dutch), Kiova (Finnish), Kiew (German), Kíevo (Greek), Kijeva (Latvian), Kijevas (Lithuanian), Kijów (Polish), Kíev (Spanish), Kyïv (Ukrainian), Kiav (Yiddish) |
| Kilkenny | Cill Chainnigh (Irish) |
| Kiruna | Kiiruna (Finnish), Giron (Sami) |
| Klagenfurt | Celovec (Czech, Slovene) |
| Klaipeda | Klaipėda (Lithuanian), Klaipeda (Finnish), Memel (German), Kłajpeda (Polish) |
| Kobarid | Caporetto (Finnish), Kobarid (Slovene) |
| Kondopoga | Kontiolahti (Finnish) |
| Konstanz | Constance (French, variant in English), Costanza (Italian), Köstence (Turkish) |
| Koper | Capodistria (Italian), Kopar (Serbian), Koper (Slovene) |
| Kosice | Kaschau (German), Kassa (Hungarian), Košice (Serbian, Slovak) |
| Kosovo Polje | Fushe Koseve (Albanian), Amselfeld (German) |
| Kotor | Cattaro (Italian), Kotor (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Kristinestad | Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish), Kristingrad (Serbian) Christinae Stadh (older Swedish name) |
L
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Labin | Albona (Italian), Labin (Croatian) |
| Lahti | Lahtis (Swedish) |
| Lappeenranta | Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| Lausanne | Lausana (Spanish), Losanna (Italian), Lozan (Turkish), Lozana (Polish, Serbian), Lozáni (Greek) |
| Leghorn | Livourne (French), Livorno (Italian, Finnish, German), Liorna (Spanish) |
| Leiden | Leida (Italian), Lejda (Polish) |
| Leipzig | Lipsko (Czech, Slovak), Lipcse (Hungarian), Lipsk (Polish), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsía (Greek), Lipsca (old Romanian), Lajpcig (Serbian) |
| Lębork | Lauenburg (German) |
| Lezhë | Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian) |
| Liege | Lutych (Czech), Luik (Dutch), Liège (French), Lüttich (German), Liegi (Italian), Lieja (Spanish), Liež (Serbian) |
| Lille | Lilla (Italian), Rijsel (Dutch) |
| Limerick | Luimneach (Irish) |
| Lisbon | Lisabon (Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian), Lisabona (Romanian), Lisboa (Portuguese, Spanish), Lisbona (Italian), Lisbonne (French), Lišbūna (Arabic), Lissabon (Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna (Greek), Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Turkish), Lizbona (Polish) |
| Liverpool | Lerpwl (Welsh), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh), Liverpūle (Latvian) |
| Ljubljana | Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Lublaň (Czech), Laibach (German), Lubiana (Italian), Liubliana (Portuguese, Spanish), Lublana (Polish), Lubyana (Turkish), Ľubľana (Slovak) |
| Lleida | Lérida (Spanish), Lerida (Italian) |
| London | Landan (Arabic), Llundain (Welsh), Londain (Irish), Londen (Dutch), Londhíno (Greek), Londona (Latvian), Londra (Italian, Romanian, Turkish), Londres (French, Spanish), Londyn (Polish), Londýn (Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish) |
| Londonderry | Derry (official name in Republic of Ireland and with city authorities), Doire (Irish) |
| Louvain | Leuven (Dutch), Lovaina (Spanish), Lovanio (Italian), Lovaň (Czech), Löwen (German) |
| Lubeck | Lübeck (German), Lubecca (Italian), Lubeka (Polish), Lyypekki (Finnish) |
| Lucca | Lucca (Italian), Lucques (French), Lukka (Polish) |
| Lucerne | Lucern (Czech), Lucerne (French), Lucerna (Italian, Romansh, Polish, Romanian, Spanish), Lukérni (Greek), Luzern (German, Finnish, Serbian, Turkish) |
| Luleå | Luulaja (Finnish), Luleo (Serbian) |
| Lunenburg | Lüneburg (German), Luneburgo (Italian), Lüneburch (Low Saxon) |
| Luxembourg | Ljuksemburg (Bulgarian, Russian), Lucemburk (Czech), Luxemborg (Danish), Luxemburg (German, Finnish, Dutch, Romanian, Slovak), Louxemvoúrgo (Greek), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Luksemburg (Croatian, Serbian, Polish), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga (Latvian), Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian) |
| L'viv | Lvov (Finnish), Lemberg (German), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Lwów (Polish), L'vov (Russian, Slovak), Lavov (Croatian) |
| Lyons | Lyon (French, German), Lione (Italian), Liyon (Serbian) |
M
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Maastricht | Mastrique (Spanish), Maestricht (former French) |
| Madrid | Madhríti (Greek), Madrid (French, Italian, Spanish), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madryt (Polish) |
| Mainz | Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Mayence (French), Magonza (Italian), Moguncja (Polish), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Majnc (Serbian), Määnz (local dialect), Meenz (former local dialect) |
| Manchester | Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian) |
| Mantua | Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Slovak) |
| Maribor | Marburg (German), Morpurgo (old Italian) |
| Mariehamn | Maarianhamina (Finnish) |
| Marseilles | Marseille (French), Marsīliyā (Arabic), Massalía (Greek), Marsiglia (Italian), Marsylia (Polish), Marselha (Portuguese), Marsilha (Provençal), Marsel' (Russian), Marsely (Serbian), Marsella (Spanish), Marsilya (Turkish) |
| Mechelen | Malines (French), Mecheln (German), Malinas (Spanish) |
| Meissen | Meißen (German), Misnia (Italian), Míšeň (Czech), Miśnia (Polish) |
| Mikkeli | St. Michel (Swedish) |
| Milan | Mīlānū (Arabic), Mailand (German), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana (former Greek name), Milaan (Dutch), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Milano (Italian, Finnish, Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Turkish), Miláno (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Milão (Portuguese) |
| Minsk | Mensk (Belarusian), Minszk (Hungarian), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k (Ukrainian) |
| Monaco | Munegu (Monegasque), Monaco (Italian) |
| Mons | Bergen (Dutch) |
| Montbéliard | Mömpelgard (German) |
| Moscow | Mūskū (Arabic), Maskava (Latvian), Maskvá (Belarusian, Russian), Moskva (Bulgarian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Danish, Russian, Swedish, Ukrainian), Moskou (Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Mosca (Italian), Moscou (French, Portuguese), Moskau (German), Móskha (Greek), Moskwa (Polish), Moscova (Romanian), Moscú (Spanish) |
| Mulhouse | Mülhausen (German), Milhüsa (Alsatian) |
| Munich | Miyūnikh (Arabic), Mjunkhen (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Minhen (Serbian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), München (Dutch, Finnish, German), Mónakho (Greek), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Monachium (Polish), Munique (Portuguese), Münih (Turkish), Múnich (Spanish) |
| Murmansk | Muurmansk (Finnish), Muurmanni or Muurmanski (alternative old Finnish names) |
N
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Nancy | Nanzig (German) |
| Naples | Nābūlī (Arabic), Nàpols (Catalan), Napels (Dutch), Neapel (German), Neápolis (ancient Greek), Neápoli (modern Greek), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napoli (Italian, Finnish, Turkish), Neapol (Czech, Slovak, Polish), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Neapol' (Russian, Ukrainian), Napulj (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Narbonne | Narbona (Italian) |
| Neuchâtel | Neuenburg (German) |
| Nice | Niça (Catalan), Niza (Spanish), Nizza (Italian, Finnish, German), Nicea (Polish), Níkea (Greek), Nis (Turkish) |
| Newport | Casnewydd (Welsh) |
| Nicosia | Lefkosía (Greek), Lefkoşe (Turkish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Nicosia (Italian), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nicosie (French), Nikosia (German), Nikoziya (Hungarian, Serbian), Nikozja (Polish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nikosija (Russian, Ukrainian) |
| Nijmegen | Nimègue (French), Nimwegen (German), Nimega (Italian, Spanish) |
| Nizhniy Novgorod | Nizhni Novgorod (Finnish), Nijni-Novgorod (French), Gorkiy (former name), Nowogród (Polish), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nischnij Nowgorod (German) |
| Novi Sad | Neusatz (German), Ujvidek (Hungarian) |
| Nuremberg | Norimberk (Czech), Neurenberg (Dutch), Nürnberg (German, Finnish), Norimberga (Italian), Norymberga (Polish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Norimberg (Slovene), Núremberg (Spanish), Nyremvéryi (Greek) |
O
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Oldenburg | Starogard (Polish, Serbian), Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Oporto | Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Italian), Porto (Serbian, Czech, French, Polish, Portuguese, German) |
| Oslo | Ūslū (Arabic), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name), Kristiania (late version of former name) |
| Osnabrück | Osnabrugge (Dutch), Osnabruque (Portuguese) |
| Ostend | Oostende (Dutch/Flemish), Ostende (Serbian, Czech, French, German), Ostenda (Italian, Polish) |
| Oulu | Uleåborg (Swedish) |
P
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Padua | Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Croatian, Czech, Slovak), Padwa (Polish) |
| Palermo | Palerme (French), Palermo (Italian, Finnish) |
| Pamplona | Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Italian, Spanish), Pampelune (French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish) |
| Passau | Passovia (Italian), Batavia (Latin) |
| Perpignan | Perpinyà (Catalan), Perpiñán (Serbian, Spanish), Perpignano (Italian) |
| Paris | Bārīs (Arabic), Pariž (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Pariz (Croatian, Serbian), Paříž (Czech), Parijs (Dutch), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi (Finnish), Parísi (Greek), Párizs (Hungarian), Parigi (Italian), Parīze (Latvian), Paryžius (Lithuanian), Paryż (Polish), Paríž (Slovak), París (Catalan, Spanish) |
| Parma | Parme (French), Parma (Italian) |
| Pärnu | Pernau (German), Parnawa (Polish) |
| Pazin | Pisino (Italian), Pazin (Croatian) |
| Pécs | Pětikostelí (Czech), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Päťkostolie (Slovak) |
| Perugia | Pérouse (French), Perugia (Italian), Perusa (Spanish) |
| Petroskoy | Petrozavodsk (Russian), Petroskoi (Finnish), Äänislinna (old name Finnish) |
| Piacenza | Plaisance (French), Piacenza (Italian), Plasencia (Spanish), Pjaćenca (Serbian) |
| Plovdiv | Philippoúpolis (Greek), Filippopoli (Italian), Płowdiw (Polish), Filibe (Turkish) |
| Plymouth | Pleimuiden (Dutch) |
| Plzeň | Pilsen (German, Italian), Pilzno (Polish) |
| Podgorica | Titograd (former name), Ribnica (former name) |
| Pompeii | Pompei (Italian), Pompeji (German), Pompeya (Spanish), Pompeja (Serbian), Pompiia (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish) |
| Porec | Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian) |
| Pori | Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (English) |
| Porvoo | Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (English) |
| Potsdam | Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (German, Italian), Poczdam (Polish) |
| Poznań/Posen | Poznań (Polish), Posen (German), Posnania (Latin), Posnanie (French), |
| Prague | Birāġ (Arabic), Praha (Czech, Finnish, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian), Praag (Dutch), Prag (German, Croatian, Serbian, Turkish, Swedish) Prága (Greek, Hungarian), Praga (Bulgarian, Catalan, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish), Prag / Prog (Yiddish) |
| Priozersk | Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (alternative Finnish name) |
| Pristina | Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština (Приштина) (Serbian), Priştina (Turkish) |
| Pruszcz Gdanski | Praust (German), Pruszcz Gdański (Polish) |
| Pskov | Pihkva (Estonian), Pihkova (Finnish), Psków (Polish), Pleskau (German) |
| Pula | Pola (Italian), Pula (Croatian) |
| Pyrzyce | Pyritz (German) |
R
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Riga | Rīġā (Arabic), Riha (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Riia (Estonian), Riika (Finnish), Ryga (Lithuanian, Polish), Riga (Italian) |
| Rijeka | Fiume (Italian, Hungarian), Rijeka (Croatian) |
| Regensburg | Řezno (Czech), Ratisbona (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Ratisbonne (French), Ratyzbona (Polish), Ratisbon (English [obs.], Latin) |
| Rheims | Reims (French) |
| Rhodes | Rhodes (French), Rodos (Turkish), Ródhos (Greek) |
| Rome | Rūmiya (Arabic), Rim (Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), Rím (Slovak), Řím (Czech), Rooma (Estonian, Finnish), Rom (German), Rómi (Greek), Róma (Hungarian), Roma (Catalan, Italian, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Turkish), Rzym (Polish) |
| Rovaniemi | Roavenjarga (Sami), Rovaniemi (English, Swedish) |
| Rovinj | Rovigno (Italian), Rovinj (Croatian) |
S
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Saarbrücken | Sarrebruck (French, Spanish) |
| Saarlouis | Saarlautern (German 1939 - 1945) |
| Sagunto | Sagunt (Catalan, German), Sagunto (Italian, Spanish) |
| Salzburg | Salisburgo (Italian), Salzburgo (Spanish), Salzbourg (French), Solnohrad (Czech) |
| Samara | Kuybyshev (former name) |
| Samarkand | Samarcanda (Italian, Spanish), Samarcande (French), Samarkanda (Polish), Semerkant (Turkish) |
| San Sebastián | Donostia (Basque), Sant Sebastià (Catalan) |
| Santiago de Compostela | Šānt Yāqūb (Arabic), Sant Jaume de Galícia (Catalan), Saint Jacques de Compostelle (French), Santiago di Compostella (Italian) |
| Saragossa | Zaragoza (Czech, Spanish), Saragosse (French), Saragossa (Catalan, German), Saragoça (Portuguese), Saragozza (Italian) |
| Sarajevo | Sarāyīfū (Arabic), Sarajewo (German, Polish), Saraybosna (Turkish) |
| Sarandë | (Áyii) Saránda (Greek), Sarandë / Saranda (Albanian), Santiquaranta (Italian) |
| Saverne | Zabern (German) |
| Schaffhausen | Schaffouse (French), Schaffhausen (German), Sciaffusa (Italian), Schaffusa (Romansh), Szafuza (Polish) |
| Schweinfurt | Schweinfurt (German), Svinibrod (Czech) |
| Schwerin | Schwerin (German), Zvěřín (Czech) |
| Schwyz | Schwytz (French), Schwyz (German), Svitto (Italian), Sviz (Romansh) |
| Senj | Segna (Italian), Senj (Croatian) |
| Seville | al-Išbīliya (Arabic), Séville (French), Siviglia (Italian), Sewilla (Polish), Sevilla (Catalan, Finnish, Slovak, Spanish, German), Sevilia (Romanian), Sevilya (Turkish) |
| Shkodër | Scutari (Italian), Skadar (Czech, Serbian), Szkodra (Polish), Skutari (German) |
| Sibenik | Sebenico (Italian), Šibenik (Croatian) |
| Sibiu | Sibiň (Czech), Sibiu (Romanian), Hermannstadt (German) |
| Sienna | Sienne (French), Siena (Italian, Polish, Turkish) |
| Skopje | Shkupi (Albanian), Skūbyī (Arabic), Skoplje (Serbian, Croatian), Skópia (Greek), Skop'e (Russian), Skopia (Spanish), Üsküp (Turkish) |
| Sligo | Sligeach (Irish) |
| Solin | Salona (Italian), Solin (Croatian) |
| Sofia | Sūfiyā (Arabic), Sofija (Bulgarian, Croatian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Sofia (Italian), Sófia (Greek, Portuguese), Szófia (Hungarian), Sofía (Spanish), Sofya (Turkish) |
| Solothurn | Soleure (French), Solothurn (German), Soletta (Italian), Soloturn (Romansh), Solura (Polish) |
| Sønderborg | Sonderburg (German) |
| Sopron | Šoproň (Czech), Sopron (Hungarian) |
| Speyer | Spires (English [obs.]), Espira (Spanish, Portuguese), Spire (French), Spira (Italian), Špýr (Czech) |
| Split | Spalato (Italian), Split (Croatian) |
| St. Gallen | Saint-Gall (French), Sankt Gallen (German), San Gallo (Italian), Son Gagl (Romansh), Svatý Havel (Czech) |
| St. Petersburg | Sānt Bītarsbūrġ (Arabic), Sankt-Pecjarburh (Belarusian), Sankt Petěrburk (Czech), Sankt Petersborg (Danish), Sint-Petersburg (Dutch), Peterburi (Estonian), Pietari (Finnish), Saint-Péterbourg (French), Sankt Petersburg (German, Norwegian, Polish), Ayía Petroúpoli (Greek), Szentpétervár (Hungarian), San Pietroburgo (Italian), Sanktpēterburga (Latvian), Sankt Peterburgas (Lithuanian), São Petersburgo (Portuguese), Sankt-Peterburg (Russian), Sankt Peterburg (Slovak, Serbian), Sankt Peterzburg (Serbian), San Petersburgo (Spanish), Leningrad (former name), Petrograd (former name), Leningrado (former Italian name) |
| St. Moritz | Sankt Moritz (German), San Murezzan (Romansh), Svatý Mořic (Czech) |
| Stockholm | Istūkhūlm (Arabic), Estocolm (Catalan), Štokholm (Serbian, Slovak), Tukholma (Finnish), Stokkhólmi (Greek), Stoccolma (Italian), Stokholma (Latvian), Stokholmas (Lithuanian), Sztokholm (Polish), Estocolmo (Portuguese, Spanish), Stokgol'm (Russian, Ukrainian) |
| Strasbourg | Strossburi (Alsatian), Štrasburk (Czech), Straatsburg (Dutch), Strassburg (Finnish), Straßburg (German), Strasburg (Polish), Strasburgo (Italian), Estrasburgo (Spanish), Štrasburg (Slovak), Strazbur (Serbian) |
| Straubing | Straubing (German), Štrubina (Czech) |
| Stuttgart | Estugarda (Portuguese), Štíhrad (Czech), Stoccarda (Italian), Stuttgart (German), Stoutgárdhi (Greek) |
| Swansea | Abertawe (Welsh) |
| Syracuse | Syrakus (German), Siracusa (Italian, Spanish), Syrakuzy (Polish), Syrakúzy (Slovak), Sirakuza (Serbian), Siraküza (Turkish), Syrakusa (Finnish) |
| Szczecin | Scecinum, Stetinum (Latin), Stettin (German, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish), Szczecin (Polish), Štětín (Czech), Štetín (Slovene), Stettino (Italian), Šćećin (Serbian) |
| Szeged | Segedín (Czech), Seghedino (Italian), Szeged (Hungarian) |
| Székesfehérvár | Stoličný Bělehrad (Czech), Stolni Biograd (Croatian), Stuhlweißenburg (German), Stoličný Belehrad (Slovak) |
| Szentendre | Svatý Ondřej (Czech), Szentendre (Hungarian) |
T
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Tallinn | Tālīn (Arabic), Tallinna (Finnish), Reval (German), Tallin (Norwegian, Russian, Swedish, Slovak, Spanish), Tallina (Latvian), Talinas (Lithuanian) Rewal / Tallin (Polish) Taljin (Serbian), Rävel (old Swedish name) |
| Tampere | Tammerfors (Swedish), Tampere (English) |
| Taranto | Tarent (Czech, German, Serbian), Tarente (French), Taranto (Italian), Tarento (Spanish) |
| Tartu | Tartto (Finnish), Dorpat (German, Polish) |
| Tashkent | Tašqand (Arabic), Tasjkent (Dutch, Swedish), Tachkent (French), Taskéndē (Greek), Taskent (Hungarian), Taszkient / Taszkent (Polish), Taškent (Russian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian), Taşkent (Turkish), Toshkent (Uzbek), Taschkent (German) |
| Tbilisi | Tiflīs (Arabic), Tbilissi (French), Tbilisi (Georgian, Italian, Slovene), Tiflis (German, Italian [obs.], Turkish), Tyflída (Greek), Tbiliszi (Hungarian), Tibilisi / Tyflis (Polish) |
| Tekirdağ | Rodosto (Greek) |
| Terezín | Terezín (Czech, Slovak), Theresienstadt (German) |
| Těšín | Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Tešín (Slovak) |
| The Hague | Lāhāy (Arabic), Den Haag / 's-Gravenhage (Dutch), Haag (Czech, Finnish, Slovak, Slovene), La Haye (French), L'Aia (Italian), Den Haag / der Haag (German), Kháyi (Greek), Hága (Hungarian), Haga (Polish, Romanian), Haia (Portuguese), Gaaga (Russian), La Haya (Spanish), Haaha (Ukrainian), Hag (Serbian), Lahey (Turkish) |
| Thessaloniki | Saloniki (alternative Greek name), Soluň (Czech), Thessalonique (French), Saloniki (German, Polish), Salonicco / Tessalonica (Italian), Salonic (Romanian), Selanik (Turkish), Solún (Slovak), Solun (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Salonica (alternative English name), Tesalónica (Spanish), Tessalonika (Finnish) |
| Thionville | Diedenhofen (German) |
| Timisoara | Temešvár (Czech, Slovak), Temeschwar / Temeschburg (German), Temesvár (Hungarian), Temišvar (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Timişoara (Romanian), Temeşvar (Turkish) |
| Tirana | Tiranë / Tirana (Albanian), Tirana (Italian), Tiran (Turkish) |
| Tongeren | Tongern (German), Tongres (French) |
| Tórshavn | Thorshavn (Danish) |
| Toruń | Toruń (Polish), Toruň (Czech), Thorn (German), civitas Torunensis (Latin) |
| Toulon | Tolone (Italian), Toulon (French) |
| Toulouse | Tolosa de Llenguadoc (Catalan), Tolosa (Italian), Toulouse (French), Tuluza (Polish), Tuluz (Serbian) |
| Trebizond | Trabzon (Turkish), Trapezunt (German, Finnish, Polish), Trapezoúnda (Greek), Trebisonda (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese), Trébizonde (French) |
| Trent | Trento (Italian), Trient (German), Trident (Czech), Trente (French, Dutch), Trydent (Polish) |
| Trier | Trevír (Czech, Slovak), Trèves (French), Treviri (Italian), Trewir (Polish), Tréveris (Spanish, Portuguese) |
| Trieste | Triest (German), Terst (Czech), Trst (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Trieste (Italian), Tergeste (Latin) |
| Trogir | Traù (Italian), Trogir (Croatian) |
| Trondheim | Nidaros (Norwegian 997-15th century and 1930), Trondhjem (Dano-Norwegian 15th century-1929), Trondheim (Norwegian 1931-1939 and 1945-present), Drontheim (1940-1945) (German name during WWII occupation) |
| Tromsø | Tromssa (Finnish, Sami) |
| Tübingen | Tubinga (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese)Tubingue (French), Tubinky / Tybinky (Czech) |
| Turin | Turín (Czech, Slovak), Turijn (Dutch), Torino (Italian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Finnish, Turkish), Turyn (Polish) |
| Turku | Turu (Estonian), Åbo (Swedish), Aboa (Latin), Turku (English) |
| Tver | Kalinin (former name), Tver (Italian, Slovene), Twer (Polish, German) |
U
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Udine | Udin (Friulian), Udine (Italian), Videm (Czech) |
| Ulcinj | Dulcigno (Italian), Ulcinj (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Ulm | Ulm (German), Ulma (Italian) |
| Ulyanovsk | Simbirsk (former name), Uljanovsk (Serbian, Slovene), Uljanowsk (German) |
| Umag | Umago (Italian), Umag (Croatian) |
| Umeå | Uumaja (Finnish) |
V
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Vaasa | Vasa (Swedish), Wasa (older Swedish name), Waza (Polish), Nikolainkaupunki (alternative old Finnish name) |
| Valencia | València (Catalan), Valence (French), Valencia (Slovene, Spanish), Walencja (Polish) |
| Valletta | Fālītā (Arabic), La Valette (French), Valéta (Greek), La Valletta (Italian, Slovak), il-Belt Valletta (Maltese), La Valeta (Portuguese) |
| Venice | al-Bunduqīya (Arabic), Venecija (Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), Venècia (Catalan), Benetke (Slovene), Benátky (Czech, Slovak), Venedig (Danish, German, Swedish), Venetië (Dutch), Venetsia (Finnish), Venise (French), Venetía (Greek), Velence (Hungarian), Venezia (Italian), Wenecja (Polish), Veneza (Portuguese), Veneţia (Romanian), Venecia (Spanish), Venedik (Turkish), Vinitsia (Yiddish) |
| Vienna | Viena (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish, Romanian), Beč (Croatian, Serbian), Vídeň (Czech), Wenen (Dutch), Vienne (French), Wien (Finnish, German), Vienna (Italian), Viénni (Greek), Bécs (Hungarian), Wiedeń (Polish), Vena (Russian, Ukrainian), Viedeň (Slovak), Dunaj (Slovene), Viyana (Turkish), Vin (Yiddish), Vīne (Latvian) |
| Villach | Bělák (Czech), Villaco (Italian), Beljak (Slovene) |
| Vilnius | Filniyūs (Arabic), Vilna (Italian, Spanish, Slovene, Finnish), Vilne (Yiddish), Viļņa (Latvian), Vil'nja / Vil'njus (Belarusian), Vil'njus (Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian), Vilno (Czech), Wilna (German), Wilno (Polish) |
| Vitoria | Gasteiz (Basque) |
| Vladikavkaz | Ordzhonikidze (former name 1932-1944 and 1954-1990), Dzaudzhikau (former name 1944-1954) |
| Vlorë | Vlorë / Vlora (Albanian), Valona (Italian, Serbian), Aulona (old name) |
| Volgograd | Stalingrad (former name), Tsaritsyn (former name), Wołgograd (Polish), Carycyn (former Polish name), Volgograd (Slovene), Volgogrado (Spanish), Wolgograd (German), Stalingrado (former Italian name) |
| Vyborg | Viiburi (Estonian), Viipuri (Finnish), Viborg (Swedish), Wiburg (German) |
W
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Wangen | Vanky (Czech), Wangen (German) |
| Warsaw | Wārsū (Arabic), Varšava (Belarusian, Czech, Croatian, Russian, Slovak, Ukrainian), Warschau (Dutch, German), Varssavi (Estonian), Varsova (Finnish), Varsovie (French), Varsovía (Latin, Greek), Varsó (Hungarian), Varsavia (Italian), Varšava (Serbian, Slovene), Varšuva (Lithuanian), Varşovia (Romanian), Warszawa (Polish), Varsovia (Spanish), Varşova (Turkish), Varshe (Yiddish) |
| Waterford | Port Láirge (Irish) |
| Weimar | Výmar (Czech), Weimar (German) |
| Wejherowo | Neustadt in Westpreußen (German) |
| Worms | Wormacja (Polish), Wormazia (Italian [obs.]) |
| Wroclaw | Wrocław (Polish), Vratislav (Czech), Vratislavia / Wratislavia / Wracislavia (Latin), Breslau (Dutch, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish), Wroclaw (Finnish, Slovene), Vratislav / Vroclav (Slovak, Serbian), Breslavia (Italian) |
Y
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Yekaterinburg | Jekaterinburg (Serbian, Finnish, German, Slovene, Swedish), Jekaterynburg (Polish), Ekaterinburgo (Spanish), Sverdlovsk (former name) |
| Yerevan | Yirīfān (Arabic), Erevan (French, English [rare], Slovene), Jerewan / Eriwan (German), Jereván (Hungarian), Erewan (Polish), Jerevan (Czech, Finnish, Russian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Serbian), Ereván (Spanish), Erivan (Turkish) |
| York | Caerefrog (Welsh), Eboracum (Latin), Jorvik (ancient Scandinavian) |
| Ypres | Ieper (Dutch), Ypres (French), Ypern (German) |
Z
| English Name | Other name(s) or older name(s) |
|---|---|
| Zadar | Zara (Italian), Zadar (Croatian) |
| Zagreb | Zaġrib (Arabic), Záhřeb (Czech), Záhreb (Slovak), Agram (German [obs.]), Zágráb (Hungarian), Zagabria (Italian), Zagrzeb (Polish), Zagreb (Slovene), Zagrep (Turkish), Zahreb (Ukrainian), Zâgreb (Serbian) |
| Zeebrugge | Seebrügge (German) |
| Zittau | Žitava (Czech), Zittau (German) |
| Zug | Zoug (French), Zug (German, Romansh), Zugo (Italian) |
| Zurich | Zūrīk (Arabic), Cirih (Serbian), Curych (Czech), Zurich (French), Zürich (German, Finnish, Slovene, Swedish), Zurigo (Italian), Turitg (Romansh), Zúrich (Spanish), Zyríkhi (Greek), Ciurichas (Lithuanian), Zurych (Polish), Zurique (Portuguese), Cjurikh (Russian, Ukrainian), Zürih (Turkish) |
| Zwickau | Cvikov (Czech), Zwickau (German) |
See also
- Latin names of European cities
- List of alternative country names
- List of country names in various languages
- List of European rivers with alternative names
- List of cities in Switzerland
- List of towns in Slovakia
- List of cities in Serbia and Montenegro
- List of cities in Albania
- Place names in Irish
- List of places