Czech language
The Czech language is one of the West Slavic languages, along with Slovak, Polish, Pomeranian, and Sorbian. It is spoken by most people in the Czech Republic and Czechs dispersed all over the world (about 11 million native speakers in total).
Due to its complexity is said to be a difficult language to learn. The complexity originates from several sources:
- extensive morphology (some words have over 200 possible word forms)
- seemingly free word order (often all the permutations are valid)
Which are features it shares with other Slavonic languages such as Russian.
For foreigners, even the spoken Czech may be very difficult. As an example may serve words without single vowel: zmrzl, ztvrdl, scvrnkl, ctvrthrst. The consonants l and r, however, function as sonorants are thus fulfill the role of a vowel.
Je to krutá pravda ...example of Czech language
Morphology
Word kind
- noun (podstatne jmeno)
- adjective (pridavne jmeno)
- pronoun (zajmeno)
- number (cislovka)
- verb (sloveso)
- adverb (prislovce)
- preposition (predlozka)
- conjunction (spojka)
- particle (castice)
- interjection (citoslovce)
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numbers and verbs are flexible kinds; remaining kinds have no morphology. Flexible kinds have additional morphological attributes.
Number
(Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, verbs)
- singular (house -- dum)
- plural (houses -- domy)
Gender
(Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numbers, verbs)
- Masculine animate, live beings (the men worked -- muzi pracovali)
- Masculine inanimate, other (the machines worked -- stroje pracovaly)
- Feminine (the women worked -- zeny pracovaly)
- Neuter (the creatures worked -- stvoreni pracovala)