TMEM156

TMEM156

TMEM156 is a gene which in humans encodes transmembrane protein 156.

Gene

Locus

TMEM156 is located on Chromosome 4 on the reverse strand. It has four known transcripts, only two of which have proteins.

Gene neighborhood

Cytogenetic band: 4p14

Size

TMEM156 is 66,499 bases and 296 amino acids in length.

Protein

Post-translational modifications

• Glycosylation at Asn 45 and Asn 156

Interacting Proteins

• C12orf55-chromosome 12 open reading frame 55
• FAM92B-family with sequence similarity 92, member B
• NUGGC-nuclear GTPase, germinal center associated
  • plays a role as replication-related GTPase
• CEACAM21-carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhension molecule 21
• CPNES-copine V
  • may function in membrane trafficking
  • exhibits calcium-dependent phosphilipid binding properties
• FCRL1-Fc receptor-like 1
  • may function as an activating coreceptor in B-cells
  • may function in B-cell activation and differentiation
• MEI1-meiosis inhibitor 1
  • required for normal meiotic chromosome synapsis
  • may be involved in meiotic double strand breaks
• MZB1-marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein
  • associates with immunoglobulin M (IgM) both heavy and light chains
    • promotoes IgM assembly and secretion
• SPAG4-sperm associated antigen 4
  • may assist the organization and assembly of outer dense fibers (specific fibers to the sperm tail)
• SLC17A9-solute carrier family 17, member 9
  • involved in vesicular storage and exocytosis of ATP

Homology

Transmembrane protein 156 has one known paralog. It also has various orthologs within eukaryotes. The table below compares an overarching sample of the known orthologs and one paralog.

Genus and species	common name	date of divergence (median MYA)	accession number	sequence identity	sequence similarity	notes
Homo sapiens	Humans	N/A	XP_011512056	N/A	N/A	mammal
Phycicoccus sp. Root101		4250	WP_056919608	36%	56%	archaea
Medicago truncatula	barrel medic	1570.5	XP_003600988	52%	73%	plant
Acanthisitta chloris	rifleman	320.5	KFP78611	28%	49%	bird
Struthio camelus australis		320.5	KFV80462	30%	48%	bird
Chaetura pelagica	chimeny swift	320.5	KFU95974	31%	50%	bird
Tauraco erythrolophus	red-crested turaco	320.5	XP_009989935	32%	48%	bird
Chlamydotis macqueenii	Macqueen's bustard	320.5	XP_010113687	33%	50%	bird
Chelonia mydas	green sea turtle	320.5	XP_007059764	35%	54%	reptile
Alligator mississippiensis	america alligator	320.5	XP_006273714	36%	56%	reptile
Dasypus novemcinctus	nine-banded armadillo	102	XP_004459440	73%	81%	mammal
Felis catus	domestic cat	95	XP_006931228	68%	77%	mammal
Panthera tigris altaica	amur tiger	95	XP_007098927	69%	78%	mammal
Bubalus bubalis	water buffalo	95	XP_006066188	72%	83%	mammal
Capra hircus	goat	95	XP_005681569	72%	83%	mammal
Leptonychotes weddellii	weddell seal	95	XP_006732368	72%	82%	mammal
Ovis aries	sheep	95	XP_012035193	73%	84%	mammal
Bison bison bison	bison	95	XP_010831883.1	74%	84%	mammal
Camelus bactrianus	bactrian camel	95	XP_010960972	74%	85%	mammal
Vicugna pacos	alpaca	95	XP_015099523	75%	86%	mammal
Pteropus vampyrus	large flying fox	95	XP_011364299	79%	89%	mammal
Homo sapiens	humans	0	NP_061028.3	47%	58%

Clinical Significance

TMEM156 has been noted in various research papers. The most extensive research that has been published to date describes the potential involvement of TMEM156 in breast, liver and prostate cancer. There is a potential for this gene to encode for how invasive these cancers are.