Han dynasty
Han Dynasty (漢 202 BC - ─ 220 AD) followed Qin Dynasty and preceeded Three Kingdoms in China.
Summary
During the Han Dynasty, China officially became a Confucian state and prospered domestically: extending its political and cultural influence over Vietnam, Central Asia, Mongolia, and Korea before it finally collapsed under a mixture of domestic and external pressures. First of the two periods of the dynasty, namely the Former Han Dynasty (Qian Han 前漢) or the Western Han Dynasty (Xi Han 西漢) (206 BC - 23 AD) seated at Chang An. The Later Han Dynasty (後漢) or the Eastern Han Dynasty (Dong Han 東漢) (25 AD- 220 A.D.) seated at Luo yang.
The Birth
Endless labor in the later years of reign of the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty (Qin Shi Huangdi) (including the linking up of the Great Wall of China and constructing the fist canal in today GuangDong Province (Lingqu), inconclusive campaign against Xiongnu (sometimes identified with the Huns), widening and paving of countless roads all over China) started to provocate widespread discontentment. The emperor was still able to barely maintain the stability by tight grip on every aspect of the living of the Chinese. He also travelled frequently to large cities in Northern China to inspect the effciency of bureaucarcy and symbolize the presence of Qin's prestige. Nevertheless his trip provided chances for assasins, the most famous of whom was Zhang Liang. Within the first 3 months of the emperor's death at Shaqiu, widespread revolts by peaseants, prisoners, soldiers and descendants of the nobles of the Six Warring States were all over China. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, two of a group of about 30 soldiers assigned to defend against the Xiongnu, were the leader of the first rebellion. Continuous insurgence toppled the Qin dynasty in 206 B.C.. Leader of all insurgents at the time was Xiang yu, an outstanding army commander without political expertise, who divided the country into 26 feudal states to his own satisfaction. Ensuring war among those states signified the 5 years of Chu Han Contention with Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty, as the eventual winner. Establishment of the Han Dynasty could be dated 206 B.C. when Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor or 202 B.C. when Liu Bang exterminated Xiang yu.
| Temple Name ( Shi Hao 諡號) | Original Name | Period of Reign | Era Name (Nian Hao 年號) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
| Guo Zu | Liu Bang | 206 B.C.-194 B.C. | Did not exist |
Temple Name ( Shi Hao 諡號) Original Name Period of Reign Era Name (Nian Hao 年號)
Guo Zu Liu Bang 206 B.C.-194 B.C. Not applicable (N/A)
Hui Di Liu Ying 194 B.C.-187 B.C. N/A
Guo Hou Lu Zhi 187 B.C.-179 B.C. N/A
Wen Di Liu Heng 179 B.C.-156 B.C. Hou Yuan (後元) 163 B.C.-156 B.C.
Jing Di Liu Qi 156 B.C.-140 B.C.
the Western Han Dynasty
Right after the unification