Arthur Menachem Hantke
Dr. Arthur Hantke (March 5, 1874 - October 9, 1955) [1]was a jurist, lawyer and economist, one of the leaders of Zionism in Germany and one of the leaders of Keren Hayesod.
Biography
Arthur Menachem Hantke was born in Berlin under the name Arthur Hantke in Jewish religious family from Posen [2], and received a traditional education. He studied at the University of Berlin and the University of Freiburg, and was ordained as a doctor of law. After completing his studies, he specialized in law, and in 1900 he opened his own law firm.[3]From 1909 he was married to Edith nee Heiman (died in Jerusalem in 1949) and was the father of Yonatan (Theodore) Hantke [3]Hantke died in 1955 in Jerusalem.[4]
Zionist activism
As a student he was influenced by Russian Jews and approached the Zionist idea, in 1893 he was among the founders of the Jewish Humanities Society(Jüdische humanitatsgesellschaft), a national Jewish organization in Berlin.[5] He later joined the Zionist Organization and from 1901 was a delegate to all Zionist congresses.[3] In 1903, he was elected to the board of directors of the Jewish National Fund, where he held until 1928. In 1910 he was appointed chairman of the Zionist Organization in Germany, a position he held until 1920.[6] In 1911 he was elected to the Zionist Executive in Berlin[2]. With the outbreak of the First World War, he transferred with Otto Warburg the Zionist Executive to Copenhagen, which was neutral, and at the same time worked with the aid of the Jews of Eastern Europe who were under German occupation and with the Germans trying to influence the Turks not to destroy the Jewish community in Eretz Israel. He opposed the establishment of the Jewish Legion because he wanted the Zionists will remain neutral. He gladly accepted the Balfour Declaration and worked to receive parallel statements from the Central Powers.[3].Hentke has meet was Ottokar Czernin the foreign minster of Austria-Hungary and during the interview gained support for Zionist cause[7]
In 1919 he initiated the establishment of the Central Zionist Archives. [8]With the establishment of Keren Hayesod, he was appointed Head of the Fund's Central European Department. In 1926 he was appointed as a director of the Keren Hayesod and immigrated to Israel, where the Central Bureau of the Fund was located. In 1933 he was appointed to head Keren Hayesod. As part of his job, he was required to deal with the issue of the immigration of German Jews after the Nazis came to power.[3]
Moshav Even Menachem, as well as streets in the cities of Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa, Kiryat Motzkin and Kiryat Bialik named after him.[9][2]
References
- ^ Mendelsohn, Ezra; Cohen, Richard I. (1990-11-30). Studies in Contemporary Jewry: Volume VI: Art and Its Uses: The Visual Image and Modern Jewish Society. Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. ISBN 9780195362862.
- ^ a b c Skolnik, Fred; Berenbaum, Michael (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 8. Macmillan Reference USA. p. 331. ISBN 9780028659367.
- ^ a b c d e Tidhar, David. "1694 | Encyclopedia of the Founders and Builders of Israel". www.tidhar.tourolib.org. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
- ^ Ben-Gavriêl, Moshe Yaacov; Ben-Gavrîʾēl, Moše Yaʿaqov (1999). Tagebücher 1915 bis 1927 (in German). Böhlau Verlag Wien. ISBN 9783205991373.
- ^ Lavsky, Hagit (1996). Before Catastrophe: The Distinctive Path of German Zionism. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0814326730.
- ^ Reinharz, Jehuda; Shapira, Anita (1996). Essential Papers on Zionism. NYU Press. ISBN 9780814774496.
- ^ Friedman, Isaiah (1965). "The Austro-Hungarian Government and Zionism: 1897-1918". Jewish Social Studies. 27 (3): 147–167.
- ^ "History of the CZA - הארכיון הציוני". www.zionistarchives.org.il. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ Eisenberg, Ronald L. (2006). The Streets of Jerusalem: Who, What, why. Devora Publishing. ISBN 9781932687545.