Nomen oblitum: Difference between revisions
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A '''''nomen oblitum''''' (Plural: nomina oblita; [[Latin]] for "forgotten name") is a technical term, used in zoological nomenclature, for a particular kind of disused scientific name. |
A '''''nomen oblitum''''' (Plural: nomina oblita; [[Latin]] for "forgotten name") is a technical term, used in zoological nomenclature, for a particular kind of disused scientific name. |
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In its present meaning, the ''nomen oblitum'' came into being with the fourth, 1999, edition of the ''[[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature]]''. After 1 January 2000, a scientific name may be formally declared to be a ''nomen oblitum'' when it has been shown not to have been used as a valid name within the scientific community since 1899, and when it is either a senior [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] (there is also a more recent name which applies to the same taxon, and which is in common use) or a [[Homonym (biology)|homonym]] (it is spelled the same as another name, which is in common use), and when the preferred junior synonym or homonym has been shown to be in wide use in 50 or more publications in the past few decades. Once a name has formally been declared to be a ''nomen oblitum'', the disused name is to be 'forgotten'. By the same act, the next available name must be declared to be a '''''nomen protectum'''''; from then on, it takes precedence.<ref name=iczn1999>ICZN 1999 (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1999 Ed.) - http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/</ref> |
In its present meaning, the ''nomen oblitum'' came into being with the fourth, 1999, edition of the ''[[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature]]''. After 1 January 2000, a scientific name may be formally declared to be a ''nomen oblitum'' when it has been shown not to have been used as a valid name within the scientific community since 1899, and when it is either a senior [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] (there is also a more recent name which applies to the same taxon, and which is in common use) or a [[Homonym (biology)|homonym]] (it is spelled the same as another name, which is in common use), and when the preferred junior synonym or homonym has been shown to be in wide use in 50 or more publications in the past few decades. Once a name has formally been declared to be a ''nomen oblitum'', the disused name is to be 'forgotten'. By the same act, the next [[available name]] must be declared to be a '''''nomen protectum'''''; from then on, it takes precedence.<ref name=iczn1999>ICZN 1999 (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1999 Ed.) - http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/</ref> |
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An example is the case of the scientific name for the [[leopard shark]]. Despite the name ''Mustelis felis'' being the [[senior synonym]], an error in recording the dates of publication resulted in the widespread use of ''Triakis semifasciata'' as the leopard shark's scientific name. After this long-standing error was discovered, ''T. semifasciata'' was made the valid name (as a ''nomen protectum'') and ''Mustelis felis'' was descaled invalid (as a ''nomen oblitum'').<ref name="pietsch">{{cite journal |author=Pietsch, T.W.; Orr, J.W.; Eschmeyer, W.N. |title=''Mustelus felis'' Ayres, 1854, a Senior Synonym of the Leopard Shark, ''Triakis semifasciata'' Girard, 1855 (Carchariniformes: Triakidae), Invalidated by "Reversal of Precedence" |journal=Copeia |volume=2012 |year=2012 |pages=98–99 |doi=10.1643/ci-11-089}}</ref> |
An example is the case of the scientific name for the [[leopard shark]]. Despite the name ''Mustelis felis'' being the [[senior synonym]], an error in recording the dates of publication resulted in the widespread use of ''Triakis semifasciata'' as the leopard shark's scientific name. After this long-standing error was discovered, ''T. semifasciata'' was made the valid name (as a ''nomen protectum'') and ''Mustelis felis'' was descaled invalid (as a ''nomen oblitum'').<ref name="pietsch">{{cite journal |author=Pietsch, T.W.; Orr, J.W.; Eschmeyer, W.N. |title=''Mustelus felis'' Ayres, 1854, a Senior Synonym of the Leopard Shark, ''Triakis semifasciata'' Girard, 1855 (Carchariniformes: Triakidae), Invalidated by "Reversal of Precedence" |journal=Copeia |volume=2012 |year=2012 |pages=98–99 |doi=10.1643/ci-11-089}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 11:19, 6 March 2015
A nomen oblitum (Plural: nomina oblita; Latin for "forgotten name") is a technical term, used in zoological nomenclature, for a particular kind of disused scientific name.
In its present meaning, the nomen oblitum came into being with the fourth, 1999, edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. After 1 January 2000, a scientific name may be formally declared to be a nomen oblitum when it has been shown not to have been used as a valid name within the scientific community since 1899, and when it is either a senior synonym (there is also a more recent name which applies to the same taxon, and which is in common use) or a homonym (it is spelled the same as another name, which is in common use), and when the preferred junior synonym or homonym has been shown to be in wide use in 50 or more publications in the past few decades. Once a name has formally been declared to be a nomen oblitum, the disused name is to be 'forgotten'. By the same act, the next available name must be declared to be a nomen protectum; from then on, it takes precedence.[1]
An example is the case of the scientific name for the leopard shark. Despite the name Mustelis felis being the senior synonym, an error in recording the dates of publication resulted in the widespread use of Triakis semifasciata as the leopard shark's scientific name. After this long-standing error was discovered, T. semifasciata was made the valid name (as a nomen protectum) and Mustelis felis was descaled invalid (as a nomen oblitum).[2]
See also
References
- ^ ICZN 1999 (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1999 Ed.) - http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/
- ^ Pietsch, T.W.; Orr, J.W.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (2012). "Mustelus felis Ayres, 1854, a Senior Synonym of the Leopard Shark, Triakis semifasciata Girard, 1855 (Carchariniformes: Triakidae), Invalidated by "Reversal of Precedence"". Copeia. 2012: 98–99. doi:10.1643/ci-11-089.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)