2015 in paleontology

	…; 2014; 2015; 2016; 2017; 2018; 2019; 2020; …;
	In paleobotany 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In arthropod paleontology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In paleoentomology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In paleomalacology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In paleoichthyology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In reptile paleontology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In archosaur paleontology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In mammal paleontology 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science +...;

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2015.

Plants[edit]

Cnidarians[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Acropora darrellae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora elenae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora emanuelae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora hasibuani^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora laurae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Late Oligocene		Malaysia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora renemai^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Acropora.
Actinaraea michoacanensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (early Aptian)	Cumburindio Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Actinacididae, a species of Actinaraea.
Actinastrea chumbitaroensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Actinastraeidae, a species of Actinastrea.
Australastraea^[4]	Gen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Denayer & Webb	Carboniferous (Mississippian)		Australia	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae. A new genus for "Lithostrotion" columnare Etheridge (1900); genus also contains "Orionastraea" columellaris Pickett (1966), "Lithostrotion" parvicolumnare Pickett (1966), "Lithostrotion" wilkinsoni Pickett (1966) and "Orionastraea" flemingi Webb (1990), as well as new species Australastraea arcifera and Australastraea carinata.
Axisvacuus tenerus^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Antiphyllidae, a species of Axisvacuus.
Birkenmajerites^[5]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Ostravaiaidae. The type species is Birkenmajerites primus.
Cairnsipsammia^[6]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baron-Szabo	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian–early Aptian)	Schrattenkalk Formation	Austria	A stony coral belonging to the family Dendrophylliidae. The type species is C. merbeleri.
Chekhovichia^[7]	Nom. nov	Valid	Doweld	Late Silurian		Kyrgyzstan Russia Uzbekistan	An anthozoan belonging to the group Heliolitoidea and the family Innaporidae; a replacement name for Rotalites Leleshus (1970).
Chelmia^[5]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida. The type species is Chelmia radiata.
Cionodendron smithi^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Denayer & Webb	Carboniferous (early Viséan)		Australia	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae; a species of Cionodendron.
Craspedophyllia japonica^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Stanley & Onoue	Late Triassic		Japan	A stony coral belonging to the family Reimaniphylliidae, a species of Craspedophyllia.
Crassialveolites niigataensis^[9]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko, Ibaraki & Tazawa	Devonian		Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the family Alveolitidae.
Crateroseris stefani^[10]	Sp. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the family Synastraeidae, a species of Crateroseris.
Cryptosepta^[11]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gretz, Lathuilière & Martini	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)		France	A zardinophyllid coral. The type species is Cryptosepta nuda.
Dendrophyllia okamotoi^[12]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko, Suzuki & Taguchi	Miocene	Katsuta Group	Japan	A species of Dendrophyllia.
Echinophyllia sassellensis^[13]	Sp. nov	Valid^[14]	Budd & Bosellini	Oligocene		Italy
Eocolumastrea^[15]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Löser & Zell	Cretaceous		Romania	A stony coral belonging to the group Faviina and the family Columastraeidae. A new genus for "Columnocoenia" ksiazkiewiczi bucovinensis Morycowa (1971) (raised to the rank of a separate species Eocolumastrea bucovinensis)
Eokoninckocarinia gemmina^[16]	Sp. nov	Valid	Denayer	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Yaricak Formation	Turkey	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida, possibly a member of the family Koninckocariniidae.
Goniophyllum osloense^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Johannessen in Wright	Silurian (late Telychian)	Vik Formation	Norway	An operculate coral, a species of Goniophyllum.
Guembelastraea kanmerae^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Stanley & Onoue	Late Triassic		Japan	A stony coral belonging to the family Guembelastraeidae, a species of Guembelastraea.
Halucinophyllia^[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the family Latomeandridae. The type species is Halucinophyllia subridens.
Heteropistophyllum carchensis^[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Löser, Arias & Vilas	Early Cretaceous (Aptian and Albian)		Mexico Spain	A stony coral belonging to the family Elasmocoeniidae, a species of Heteropistophyllum.
Isopora matahari^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Santodomingo, Wallace & Johnson	Miocene		Indonesia	A staghorn coral, a species of Isopora.
Latiphyllia mexicana^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Montlivaltiidae, a species of Latiphyllia.
Leleshusia^[19]	Nom. nov	Valid	Doweld	Late Ordovician		China Kazakhstan Russia Tajikistan Uzbekistan	An anthozoan belonging to the group Heliolitoidea; a replacement name for Granulina Leleshus (1975).
Margarosmilia mizukamia^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Stanley & Onoue	Late Triassic		Japan	A stony coral belonging to the family Margarophylliidae, a species of Margarosmilia.
Mycetophyllopsis azteca^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Montlivaltiidae, a species of Mycetophyllopsis.
Munusculum^[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the suborder Microsolenina. The type species is Munusculum martinaseki.
Nervophyllum lukoviensis^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Aulophyllidae, a species of Nervophyllum.
Nudacolumastrea^[15]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Löser & Zell	Cretaceous		Spain	A stony coral belonging to the group Faviina and the family Columastraeidae. The type species is Nudacolumastrea stefani.
Occulogermen^[5]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae. The type species is Occulogermen luciae.
Orbignygyra? incognita^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Dendrogyridae, possibly a species of Orbignygyra.
Ovalastrea malpaso^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Latomeandridae, a species of Ovalastrea.
Paraclausastrea vorarlbergensis^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Baron-Szabo	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian-early Aptian)	Schrattenkalk Formation	Austria	A montlivaltiid stony coral, a species of Paraclausastrea.
Paracycloseris effrenatus^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Cunnolitidae, a species of Paracycloseris.
Paraleptoria^[13]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid^[14]	Budd & Bosellini	Eocene (Lutetian) to Oligocene (Rupelian)		Italy	A new genus for "Meandrina" polygonalis Catullo (1856); genus also includes "Diploria" flexuosissima d'Achiardi (1868).
Parascolymia bracherti^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Reuter in Reuter, Wiedl & Piller	Miocene (Langhian‒early Serravallian)	Leitha Limestone	Austria	A stony coral belonging to the family Lobophylliidae, a species of Parascolymia.
Pickettodendron^[4]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Denayer & Webb	Carboniferous (Tournaisian)		Australia	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae. A new genus for "Lithostrotion" williamsi Pickett (1966); genus also contains "Schoenophyllum" dalmaensis Webb (1990), as well as new species Pickettodendron nudum.
Preverastraea coatlicueae^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Rhipidogyridae, a species of Preverastraea.
Preverastraea tociae^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Rhipidogyridae, a species of Preverastraea.
Pseudoroemeripora sugimurai^[22]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko, Fujikawa & Haikawa	Permian	Akiyoshi Limestone Group	Japan	A tabulate coral.
Retiophyllia tosaensis^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Stanley & Onoue	Late Triassic		Japan	A stony coral belonging to the family Reimaniphylliidae, a species of Retiophyllia.
Rotiphyllum plumeum^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Antiphyllidae, a species of Rotiphyllum.
Sakalavastraea perturbata^[23]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lösser & Sklenář	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian)	Peruc-Korycany Formation	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the group Faviina.
Saltocyathus cumburindioensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (early Aptian)	Cumburindio Formation	Mexico	A stony coral. Originally assigned to the family Rhipidogyridae and to the genus Saltocyathus, but subsequently transferred to the family Rayasmiliidae and to the genus Rayasmilia.^[24]
Sclerangia^[25]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baron-Szabo & Cairns	Miocene	Chipola Formation	United States	A rhizangiid stony coral. The type species is Sclerangia floridana.
?Sochkineophyllum symmetricum^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Polycoeliidae, possibly a species of Sochkineophyllum.
Sylviella^[10]	Gen. et comb. et 4 sp. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the suborder Caryophylliina. The type species is "Haplaraea" columnaris Ogilvie (1897); genus also contains new species Sylviella exquisita, Sylviella multisepta, Sylviella noveni and Sylviella benjamin.
Sylviellopsis^[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the suborder Caryophylliina. The type species is Sylviellopsis erici.
Tegocoenia^[10]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Eliášová	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Štramberk Limestone	Czech Republic	A stony coral belonging to the family Placophylliidae. The type species is "Diplocoenia" jasenica Frajová (1960).
Thalamocaeniopsis mexicanensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Thamnasteriidae, a species of Thalamocaeniopsis.
Thamnarea hornosensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (early Aptian)	Cumburindio Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Actinacididae, a species of Thamnarea.
Thamnasteria tonantzinae^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Thamnasteriidae, a species of Thamnasteria.
Thamnasteriamorpha okudai^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Stanley & Onoue	Late Triassic		Japan	A stony coral belonging to the family Tropiastraeidae, a species of Thamnasteriamorpha.
Thecosmilia guerreroensis^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)	Mal Paso Formation	Mexico	A stony coral belonging to the family Montlivaltiidae, a species of Thecosmilia.
Variabilifavia ausuganensis^[13]	Sp. nov	Valid^[14]	Budd & Bosellini	Oligocene (late Rupelian–early Chattian)		Italy
Yakunopora mabutii^[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Niko	Permian (Wordian)	Iwaizaki Limestone	Japan	A tabulate coral belonging to the group Favositida and the family Pachyporidae.
Zaphrentites rotiphylloides^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Stereophrentidae, a species of Zaphrentites.
Zaphriphyllum daleki^[27]	Sp. nov	Valid	Denayer	Carboniferous (late Tournaisian)	Yılanlı Formation	Turkey	A rugose coral belonging to the family Ekvasophyllidae, a species of Zaphriphyllum.
Zaphrufimia anceps^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski	Carboniferous (early Serpukhovian)		Poland	A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Stereophrentidae, a species of Zaphrufimia.

Arthropods[edit]

Bryozoans[edit]

Brachiopods[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Alaskothyris^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Blodgett, Baranov & Santucci	Devonian (Givetian)		United States	A stringocephalid terebratulid brachiopod. The type species is Alaskothyris frosti.
Albasphe^[29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Halamski et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Croatia	A member of Terebratulida. The type species is Albasphe albertimagni.
Alexenia? delepinei^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chacón & Winkler Prins	Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)		Spain	A member of Productidae, possibly a species of Alexenia.
Amictocracens? brocki^[31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Cambrian	Parahio Formation	India	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae, possibly a species of Amictocracens.
Aphelotreta khemangarensis^[31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Cambrian	Parahio Formation	India	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae, a species of Aphelotreta.
Auriculispina kanmerai^[32]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tazawa & Shintani	Permian (Sakmarian)	Sakamotozawa Formation	Japan	A member of Productida belonging to the family Kansuellidae.
Bifida rara^[33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov	Devonian (Emsian)		Russia	A member of Atrypidae, a species of Bifida.
Bockelia canalis^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation	Argentina	A member of Strophomenida belonging to the superfamily Plectambonitoidea and the family Taffidae; a species of Bockelia.
Castrillonia^[35]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian		Spain	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae. The type species is C. vivaldiana.
Chilcorthis^[34]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation	Argentina	A member of Orthida belonging to the superfamily Plectorthoidea. The type species is Chilcorthis huarpe.
Chonetinetes elongatus^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Afanasjeva, Jun-ichi & Tomohiko	Permian		Japan	A member of Chonetida belonging to the family Rugosochonetidae, a species of Chonetinetes.
Chopinia^[37]	Gen. et sp. nov	Junior homonym	García-Alcalde & Herrera	Devonian (late Lochkovian or the early Pragian)		Spain	A member of Athyridida belonging to the family Athyrididae. The type species is C. petercarlsi. The generic name is preoccupied by Chopinia d'Abrera (2001).
Chynithele intermedia^[38]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Jiménez-Sánchez	Devonian (late Emsian)	Daleje-Třebotov Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Discinidae, a species of Chynithele.
Copperella^[33]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baranov	Devonian (Emsian)		Russia	A member of Atrypidae. The type species is Copperella kaskevichi.
Cyrtonotreta vasculata^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation	Argentina	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae; a species of Cyrtonotreta.
Dagyssia^[39]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Gaetani & Mantovani	Triassic (Anisian)		Croatia Hungary Italy China?	A mentzeliine mentzeliid brachiopod. The type species is "Spiriferina" palaeotypus Loretz (1875); genus might also contain "Mentzelia" multicostata Yang & Xu (1966).
Dalejina telemanni^[35]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian		Spain	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae.
Drahanorhynchus gleniffensis^[40]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mottequin, Sevastopulo & Simon	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Meenymore Formation	Ireland	A member of Orthotetida belonging to the family Schuchertellidae.
Duartea latoresensis^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chacón & Winkler Prins	Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)		Spain	A member of Productidae, possibly a species of Duartea.
Eodmitria sezgini^[41]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gourvennec & Hoşgör	Devonian (latest Givetian to early Frasnian)	Gümüșali Formation	Turkey	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Cyrtospiriferidae, a species of Eodmitria.
Eohadrotreta haydeni^[31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Cambrian	Parahio Formation	India	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae, a species of Eohadrotreta.
Eucharitina bultyncki^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde & Herrera	Devonian (early Lochkovian)		Spain	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Uncinulidae.
Eucharitina carlsi^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde & Herrera	Devonian (early Pragian)		Spain	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Uncinulidae.
Eurytreta harringtoni^[42]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Herrera in Mergl et al.	Late Cambrian	Lampazar Formation	Argentina
Evanidisinurostrum saouraense^[43]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mottequin et al.	Devonian (Famennian)		Algeria	A rhynchonellid brachiopod, a species of Evanidisinurostrum.
Hadrotreta timchristiorum^[31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Cambrian	Parahio Formation	India	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae, a species of Hadrotreta.
Hibernodonta lakhensis^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov, Holmer & Baars in Popov et al.	Ordovician (Katian)	Chahgonbad Formation	Iran	A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod; a species of Hibernodonta.
Hindella prima^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov, Holmer & Baars in Popov et al.	Ordovician (Katian)	Chahgonbad Formation	Iran	A meristellid athyridid brachiopod; a species of Hindella.
Inflatia ovetensis^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chacón & Winkler Prins	Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)		Spain	A member of Productidae, possibly a species of Inflatia.
Jafarirhynchus^[45]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Silurian (Telychian)	Niur Formation	Iran	A rhynchotrematoid rhynchonellid brachiopod. The type species is Jafarirhynchus alatus.
Kerberellus^[46]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Devaere, Holmer & Clausen in Devaere et al.	Cambrian (Terreneuvian)	Marcou Formation	France	A mickwitziid-like stem-group brachiopod. The type species is Kerberellus marcouensis.
Kirkirhynchus^[47]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Baranov & Blodgett	Devonian (early Pragian)		United States	A trigonirhynchiid rhynchonellid brachiopod; a new genus for "Camarotoechia" reesidei Kirk & Amsden (1952).
Kosagittella robusta^[38]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Jiménez-Sánchez	Devonian (late Emsian)	Daleje-Třebotov Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Obolidae, a species of Kosagittella.
Ktenopotamorhynchus^[48]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Sartenaer	Devonian (Lochkovian)		Czech Republic Ukraine	A member of Rhynchonellida. The type species is "Rhynchonella" borealiformis Siemiradzki (1906); genus also includes "Plethorhyncha" altera (Barrande, 1879).
Kutorgina songshanensis^[49]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Cambrian		China	A species of Kutorgina.
Leptembolon argentinum^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto & Muñoz	Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A member of Obolidae, a species of Leptembolon.
Libecoviella lenticularis^[42]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Herrera in Mergl et al.	Late Cambrian	Lampazar Formation	Argentina
Libecoviella tilcarensis^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto & Muñoz	Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Santa Rosita Formation	Argentina	A member of Obolidae, a species of Libecoviella.
Lingularia salymica^[51]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smirnova in Smirnova et al.	Late Jurassic		Russia	A member of Lingulida, a species of Lingularia.
Lingulella? melonica^[42]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Herrera in Mergl et al.	Late Cambrian	Lampazar Formation	Argentina
Lochkothele rugellata^[38]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Jiménez-Sánchez	Devonian (late Emsian)	Daleje-Třebotov Formation Zlíchov Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Discinidae, a species of Lochkothele.
Lomatorthis? multilamellosa^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov, Holmer & Baars in Popov et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Chahgonbad Formation	Iran	A glyptorthid orthid brachiopod; possibly a species of Lomatorthis.
Maisorthina^[35]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian (late Emsian)		Spain	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Platyorthidae. The type species is M. saroyani.
Mariyaspiriferella^[52]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Baranov & Blodgett	Early Devonian		Canada Russia United States	A cyrtinid brachiopod. The type species is M. sibirica; genus also includes "Cyrtina" impressio Perry (1984).
Misensia^[33]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baranov	Devonian (Emsian)		Russia	A member of Atrypidae. The type species is Misensia gracilis.
Neochonetes (Zhongyingia) transversa^[53]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Permian (Lopingian)	Longtan Formation Yanshi Formation	China	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rugosochonetidae.
Ogilviella gerensis^[33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov	Devonian (Emsian)		Russia	A member of Atrypidae, a species of Ogilviella.
Paillettia menae^[41]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gourvennec & Hoşgör	Devonian (latest Givetian to early Frasnian)	Gümüșali Formation	Turkey	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Adolfiidae, a species of Paillettia.
Palaeoglossa minima^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation	Argentina	A member of Obolidae; a species of Palaeoglossa.
Parmorthina gozonica^[35]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian		Spain	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Dalmanellidae.
Paryphella acutula^[53]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Permian (Lopingian)	Dalong Formation Longtan Formation	China	A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae.
Pelmanotreta^[54]	Nom. nov	Valid	Skovsted et al.	Early Cambrian		Russia	A replacement name for Cryptotreta Pelman (1977) (preoccupied).
Philhedra pauciradiata^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation	Argentina	A member of Craniidae; a species of Philhedra.
Portrania^[55]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[56]	Cocks	Ordovician (late Katian)	Portrane Limestone	Ireland	A chilidiopsoidean brachiopod. The type species is Portrania wrighti Cocks & Harper in Cocks (2015).
Praeoehlertella lukesi^[38]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Jiménez-Sánchez	Devonian (late Emsian)	Daleje-Třebotov Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Discinidae, a species of Praeoehlertella.
Prototreta? sumnaensis^[31]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov et al.	Cambrian	Parahio Formation	India	A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae, possibly a species of Prototreta.
Psilothyris corbachoi^[57]	Sp. nov	Valid	Calzada & Moreno	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A member of Terebratellidina belonging to the family Laqueidae and the subfamily Terebrataliopsinae, a species of Psilothyris.
Ptychomentzelia^[39]	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Gaetani & Mantovani	Middle Triassic		Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Hungary Italy Romania Turkey	A tethyspirine mentzeliid brachiopod. The type species is "Spiriferina" propontica Toula (1896); genus also contains "Spiriferina" ptychitiphila Bittner (1890), as well as the new species Ptychomentzelia ritensis.
Raisiya^[33]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baranov	Devonian (Emsian)		Russia	A member of Atrypidae. The type species is Raisiya solonchanensis.
Rhipidomella cervantesi^[35]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian		Spain	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae.
Rugaria semicircularis^[36]	Sp. nov	Valid	Afanasjeva, Jun-ichi & Tomohiko	Permian		Japan	A member of Chonetida belonging to the family Rugosochonetidae, a species of Rugaria.
Rukavischnikovia^[58]	Nom. nov	Valid	Doweld	Ordovician (Katian)		Kazakhstan	A member of Spiriferida; a replacement name for Iliella Rukavischnikova (1980).
Saltaia^[42]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Herrera in Mergl et al.	Late Cambrian	Lampazar Formation	Argentina	A member of Elkaniidae. The type species is Saltaia lampazarensis
Savagerhynchus^[47]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baranov & Blodgett	Devonian (early Pragian)		United States	A trigonirhynchiid rhynchonellid brachiopod. The type species is Savagerhynchus hecetaensis.
Scalenomena^[55]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid^[56]	Cocks	Ordovician (early Katian	Craighead Limestone	United Kingdom	A chilidiopsoidean brachiopod. A new genus for "Fardenia" scalena Williams (1962).
Schizambon cardonalis^[42]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl & Herrera in Mergl et al.	Late Cambrian	Lampazar Formation	Argentina
Schizobolus pilasiensis^[59]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mergl in Morzadec et al.	Devonian (Givetian)	Floresta Formation	Colombia	A member of the family Trematidae.
Sillakkudirhynchia^[60]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Radulović et al.	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian to early Maastrichtian)	Sillakkudi Formation	India	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Tetrarhynchiidae. A new genus for "Rhynchonella" plicatiloides Stoliczka (1872); genus also contains "Cretirhynchia" sahnii Radulović & Ramamoorthy (1992).
Sivorthis precordillerana^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Los Azules Formation San Juan Formation	Argentina	A member of Orthida belonging to the family Orthidae; a species of Sivorthis.
Talexirhynchia^[61]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Feldman et al.	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	Mughanniyya Formation	Jordan	A rhynchonellid brachiopod. The type species is Talexirhynchia kadishi.
Tethyochonetes minor^[53]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Permian (Changhsingian)	Longtan Formation	China	A member of Productida belonging to the family Rugosochonetidae.
Thecocyrtella dagysii^[29]	Sp. nov	Valid	Halamski et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Croatia	A member of Spiriferida; a species of Thecocyrtella.
Theodossia kagarmanovi^[62]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bezgodova	Devonian (Frasnian)		Russia	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Theodossiidae, a species of Theodossia.
Theodossia novosemelica^[62]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bezgodova	Devonian (Frasnian)		Russia	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Theodossiidae, a species of Theodossia.
Theodossia tcherkesovae^[62]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bezgodova	Devonian (Frasnian)		Russia	A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Theodossiidae, a species of Theodossia.
Torobolus^[50]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Benedetto & Muñoz	Ordovician (Tremadocian)	Devendeus Formation	Argentina	A member of Obolidae. The type species is Torobolus subplanus.
Trigonirhynchia celtiberica^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde & Herrera	Devonian (early Pragian)		Spain	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Trigonirhynchiidae.
Trigonirhynchia palentina^[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde & Herrera	Devonian (early Pragian)		Spain	A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Trigonirhynchiidae.
Yangtzeella chupananica^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Popov, Holmer & Baars in Popov et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Chahgonbad Formation	Iran	A clarkellid pentamerid brachiopod; a species of Yangtzeella.

Molluscs[edit]

Echinoderms[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aegyptiaris^[63]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Abdelhamid & Abdelghany	Cretaceous (Aptian to Cenomanian)		Egypt	An emiratiid sea urchin. The type species is Aegyptiaris halalensis;^[63] genus also contains "Trochodiadema" isidis Fourtau (1921).^[64]
Aganaster jagiellonicus^[65]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy, Kutscher & Płachno	Carboniferous (late Tournaisian)	Mazurowe Doły Formation	Poland	A brittle star belonging to the suborder Ophiurina, a species of Aganaster.
Archaeocidaris marmorcataractensis^[66]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thompson et al.	Carboniferous (early Pennsylvanian)	Marble Falls Formation	United States	A sea urchin, a species of Archaeocidaris.
Baficrinus^[67]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Prokop & Nohejlová	Devonian (late Emsian)	Daleje-Třebotov Formation	Czech Republic	A crinoid belonging to the group Disparida and the family Zophocrinidae. The type species is Baficrinus vigilis.
Baudicrinus^[68]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Oji & Twitchett	Early Triassic	AI Jil Formation	Oman	A dadocrinid articulate crinoid, a relative of encrinids. The type species is Baudicrinus krystyni.
Bizarroglobus^[69]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sumrall & Sprinkle	Ordovician	Kanosh Shale	United States	An edrioasteroid. The type species is Bizarroglobus medusae.
Browerocrinus^[70]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ausich, Peter & Ettensohn	Silurian (Rhuddanian)	Brassfield Formation	United States	A crinoid. The type species is Browerocrinus arthrikos.
Callocystites fresti^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Paul	Silurian	Massie Formation	United States	A callocystitid cystoid, a species of Callocystites.
‘Cidaris’ labergensis^[72]	Sp. nov	Valid^[73]	Zonneveld, Furlong & Sanders	Late Triassic	Aksala Formation	Canada	A sea urchin. Zonneveld, Furlong & Sanders (2015) assign it to the form genus ‘Cidaris’, stressing that it does not imply affinity with the extant genus Cidaris.^[72]
Conollia sporranoides^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rahman, Stewart & Zamora	Ordovician (Sandbian)	Balclatchie Formation	United Kingdom	A member of Ctenocystoidea, a species of Conollia.
Deltoblastus beaveri^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Morgan	Permian		Timor	A blastoid belonging to the family Schizoblastidae.
Deltoblastus elevatus^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Morgan	Permian		Timor	A blastoid belonging to the family Schizoblastidae.
Deltoblastus ewini^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Morgan	Permian		Timor	A blastoid belonging to the family Schizoblastidae.
Dimerocrinites (Dimerocrinites) cheilobathron^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale	United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Diplobathrida.
Echinanthus callosensis^[77]	Nom. nov	Valid	Carrasco	Eocene (Lutetian)		Spain	A sea urchin; a replacement name for Echinanthus dorsalis Cotteau (1889).
Ekmelocrinus^[78]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Webster & Donovan	Permian		Indonesia	A crinoid. Genus includes Ekmelocrinus amplior (Wanner, 1924), Ekmelocrinus subamplior (Wanner, 1949), Ekmelocrinus ovoides (Wanner, 1949), Ekmelocrinus verbeeki (Wanner, 1916) and Ekmelocrinus vermistriatus (Wanner, 1916).
Enakomusium^[79]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Thuy	Jurassic (Toarcian to Oxfordian)		France Germany Switzerland United Kingdom	A brittle star. A new genus for "Ophioderma" weymouthiense Damon (1880); genus also contains "Ophiomusium" ferrugineum Boehm (1889), "Ophiolepis" leckenbyi Wright (1880), "Ophiomusium" geisingense Kutscher (1992), "Ophiomusium" mammillatum Hess (1966) and "Ophiura" gagnebini Thurmann (1851).
Eodevonocystis^[76]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale	United States	A mitrate belonging to the group Anomalocystitida. The type species is E. marilynni.
Eodolatocrinus^[76]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Late Silurian-early Devonian	Bob Limestone (Brownsport Group) Lower Birdsong Shale	United States	A crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida. The type species is E. hlabsei; genus also includes "Technocrinus" niagarensis Springer (1921).
Eohadroblastus^[76]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale	United States	A blastoid belonging to the group Fissiculata. The type species is E. inexpectatus.
Eohalysiocrinus broweri^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A disparid crinoid belonging to the group Calceocrinida.
Eohalysiocrinus gibsoni^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A disparid crinoid belonging to the group Calceocrinida.
Eudimerocrinus hlabsei^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Late Silurian (Pridoli)-early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Decatur Limestone Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Diplobathrida.
Exaesiodiscus derbyi^[80]	Sp. nov	Valid	Scheffler, da Fonseca & Fernandes	Devonian (middle Eifelian)	Maecuru Formation	Brazil	A crinoid, a species of Exaesiodiscus.
Frasericrinus^[81]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ausich et al.	Early Cretaceous (probably early late Albian)	Peace River Formation	Canada	An isocrinid crinoid. The type species is Frasericrinus mauricensis.
Globoeocrinus zhaoyuanlongensis^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian	Balang Formation	China	An eocrinoid, a species of Globoeocrinus.
Guangxicrinus^[83]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Webster & Chen	Devonian (Eifelian)	Yingtang Formation	China	A marsupiocrinid crinoid. The type species is Guangxicrinus xiangzhouensis.
Hemidiadema batalleri^[84]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clément	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A sea urchin belonging to the family Glyphocyphidae, a species of Hemidiadema.
Hemidiadema forcallensis^[84]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clément	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A sea urchin belonging to the family Glyphocyphidae, a species of Hemidiadema.
Hemidiadema malladai^[84]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clément	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)		Spain	A sea urchin belonging to the family Glyphocyphidae, a species of Hemidiadema.
Heviacrinus tromelini^[85]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lefebvre et al.	Ordovician (late Darriwilian)		France	A crinoid, a species of Heviacrinus.
Icthyocrinus erugatus^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A cladid crinoid belonging to the group Sagenocrinida.
Iocrinus africanus^[86]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zamora, Rahman & Ausich	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Taddrist Formation	Morocco	An iocrinid crinoid, a species of Iocrinus.
Lanxocolumnus (col.) chaleurensis^[87]	Sp. nov	Valid	Donovan & Keighley	Silurian (Telychian)		Canada	A crinoid, a species of Lanxocolumnus.
Lapidaster hellersi^[88]	Sp. nov	Valid	Numberger-Thuy & Thuy	Middle Jurassic (earliest Bajocian)		Luxembourg	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae, a species of Lapidaster.
Laudonomphalus ferreirai^[80]	Sp. nov	Valid	Scheffler, da Fonseca & Fernandes	Devonian (middle Eifelian)	Maecuru Formation	Brazil	A crinoid, a species of Laudonomphalus.
Llanocystis^[89]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zamora, Sumrall & Sprinkle	Cambrian (Furongian)	Wilberns Formation	United States	An eocrinoid of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Llanocystis wilbernsensis.
Lovenicystis kopfi^[90]	Sp. nov	Valid	Paul	Silurian		United States	A callocystitid cystoid, a species of Lovenicystis.
Marettocrinus hartti^[80]	Sp. nov	Valid	Scheffler, da Fonseca & Fernandes	Devonian (middle Eifelian)	Maecuru Formation	Brazil	A crinoid, a species of Marettocrinus.
Marettocrinus katzeri^[80]	Sp. nov	Valid	Scheffler, da Fonseca & Fernandes	Devonian (middle Eifelian)	Maecuru Formation	Brazil	A crinoid, a species of Marettocrinus.
Marginix^[91]	Nom. nov	Valid	Martínez & del Río	Devonian	Talacasto Formation	Argentina	A brittle star belonging to the order Oegophiurida and the family Encrinasteridae; a replacement name for Marginaster Haude (1995) and Marginura Haude (1999) (both preoccupied).
Macrostylocrinus tertibrachialis^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida.
Marsupiocrinus (Amarsupiocrinus) devonicus^[76]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale	United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida.
Notatudiadema^[63]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Abdelhamid & Abdelghany	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Egypt	A diadematoid sea urchin. The type species is Notatudiadema rekeibensis.
Ophiocantabria^[92]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Blake, Zamora & García-Alcalde	Devonian (Lochkovian)	Furada Formation	Spain	A brittle star belonging to the order Oegophiurida, suborder Lysophiurina and the family Encrinasteridae. The type species is Ophiocantabria elegans.
Ophiodoris reconciliator^[79]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (early Bajocian)	Longwy Formation	France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophionereididae, a species of Ophiodoris.
Ophiotitanos aschmannicor^[79]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thuy	Middle Jurassic (early Bajocian)	Longwy Formation	France	A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiodermatidae, a species of Ophiotitanos.
Paracidaris (Anisocidaris) eluveitie^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hostettler & Menkveld-Gfeller	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Wildegg Formation	Switzerland	A member of Cidaroida, a species of Paracidaris.
Parahormocrinus^[76]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Late Silurian (Pridoli)	Decatur Limestone	United States	A cladid crinoid belonging to the group Sagenocrinida. The type species is P. decaturensis.
Paramarsupiocrinus^[76]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Late Silurian (Pridoli)		United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida. The type species is P. broadheadi.
Parapatelliocrinus^[76]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Devonian (Lochkovian)	Lower Rockhouse Limestone	United States	A crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida. The type species is P. broweri.
Pentaridica mendesi^[80]	Sp. nov	Valid	Scheffler, da Fonseca & Fernandes	Devonian (middle Eifelian)	Maecuru Formation	Brazil	A crinoid, a species of Pentaridica.
Polycidaris gygii^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hostettler & Menkveld-Gfeller	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Lochen Formation Wildegg Formation	Germany Switzerland	A member of Cidaroida, a species of Polycidaris.
Porosublastus^[94]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sprinkle & Sumrall	Early Ordovician	Ninemile Shale	United States	An edrioasteroid. The type species is Porosublastus inexpectus.
Probalocrinus^[76]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Clement & Brett	Late Silurian (Ludlovian)-early Devonian (Lochkovian)	Birdsong Shale Henryhouse Formation	United States	A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Diplobathrida. The type species is "Siphonocrinus" dignis Strimple (1963).
Protogloboeocrinus^[95]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhao et al.	Cambrian	Balang Formation	China	A member of Eocrinoidea. Genus includes new species P. yini Zhao, Peng & Wu in Zhao et al. (2015).
Pseudedriophus^[94]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sprinkle & Sumrall	Early Ordovician	Ninemile Shale	United States	An edrioasteroid. The type species is Pseudedriophus guensburgi.
Quechuacrinus^[96]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Guensburg & Waisfeld	Ordovician (Floian)		Argentina	A crinoid. The type species is Quechuacrinus ticsa.
Ramseyocrinus argentinus^[96]	Sp. nov	Valid	Guensburg & Waisfeld	Ordovician (Floian)		Argentina	A crinoid, a species of Ramseyocrinus.
Rautscholdticrinus^[78]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Webster & Donovan	Permian		Indonesia	A crinoid. Genus includes Rautscholdticrinus indicus (Wanner, 1916) and Rautscholdticrinus weidnerii (Wanner, 1937).
Rhabdocidaris deubelbeissi^[93]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hostettler & Menkveld-Gfeller	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Wildegg Formation	Switzerland	A member of Cidaroida, a species of Rhabdocidaris.
Ristnacrinus oepiki^[97]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ausich, Rozhnov & Kammer	Ordovician (Katian)		Estonia	A crinoid related to Iocrinus, a species of Ristnacrinus.
Salamonicrinus^[98]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Trzęsiok	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)		Poland	A cyrtocrinid crinoid. The type species is Salamonicrinus prodigiosum.
Salirocystis^[90]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Paul	Silurian		United States	A callocystitid cystoid; a new genus for "Apiocystites" anna Safford (1869).
Temnocrinus americanus^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ausich, Peter & Ettensohn	Silurian (Rhuddanian)	Brassfield Formation	United States	A crinoid, a species of Temnocrinus.
Velocrinus^[99]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ausich, Wilson & Vinn	Late Silurian	Kaugatuma Formation	Estonia	A crotalocrinitid crinoid. The type species is Velocrinus coniculus.

Conodonts[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Arianagnathus^[100]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Männik, Miller & Hairapetian	Silurian	Niur Formation	Iran	A member of Prioniodontida, possibly a balognathid. The type species is Arianagnathus jafariani.
Dichognathus zhaoi^[101]	Sp. nov	Valid	Xiong, Wu & Wang	Ordovician	Tarim Basin	China
Eolinguipolygnathus radula^[102]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aboussalam & Becker in Aboussalam, Becker & Bultynck	Devonian (early Emsian)		Morocco
Eoplacognathus aisangensis^[101]	Sp. nov	Valid	Xiong, Wu & Wang	Ordovician	Tarim Basin	China
Gapparodus gapparites^[103]	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang, Steiner & Keupp	Early Cambrian	Shuijingtuo Formation	China	A member of Furnishinidae; a species of Gapparodus.
Hayashiella^[104]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Kiliç et al.	Late Triassic		Canada Italy Japan Slovakia	A member of Gondolellidae. A new genus for "Metapolygnathus" nodosus Hayashi (1968); genus also includes "Gondolella" carpathica Mock (1979), H. lindae (Orchard) and H. permica (Hayashi).
Hindeodus capitanensis^[105]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wardlaw & Nestell	Permian		United States
Icriodus ovalis^[102]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bultynck in Aboussalam, Becker & Bultynck	Devonian (late Emsian)	Mdâouer-el-Kbîr Formation	Morocco
Icriodus praerectirostratus^[102]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bultynck in Aboussalam, Becker & Bultynck	Devonian (late Emsian)	Timrhanrhart Formation	Morocco
Mazzaella^[104]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Kiliç et al.	Late Triassic		Germany Hungary Italy Turkey	A member of Gondolellidae. A new genus for "Epigondolella" carnica Krystyn (1975); genus also includes "Metapolygnathus" baloghi Kovacs (1977).
Moskalenkodus^[106]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Dzik	Late Ordovician	Krivaya Luka Formation Makarovo Formation Tunguz Basin	Russia	A member of Prioniodontida belonging to the family Distomodontidae. A new genus for "Amorphognathus" quinquiradiatus Moskalenko in Kanygin et al. (1977). Genus also includes Moskalenkodus cruciformis (Moskalenko, 1970).
Neostreptognathodus costatus^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang & Zhang	Early Permian	Amushan Formation	China
Ozarkodina derenjalensis^[100]	Sp. nov	Valid	Männik, Miller & Hairapetian	Silurian	Niur Formation	Iran	A member of Ozarkodinida, a spathognathodontid; a species of Ozarkodina.
Polygnathus bicristatus^[108]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mossoni et al.	Late Devonian or Early Carboniferous		Italy	A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Polygnathidae, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus nuragicus^[108]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mossoni et al.	Late Devonian or Early Carboniferous		Italy	A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Polygnathidae, a species of Polygnathus.
Postoistodus^[101]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Xiong, Wu & Wang	Ordovician	Tarim Basin	China	Genus includes new species P. elongatus and P. tridens.
Pseudohindeodus brevis^[105]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wardlaw & Nestell	Permian		United States
Pseudopolygnathus granulobatus^[108]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mossoni et al.	Late Devonian or Early Carboniferous		Italy	A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Polygnathidae, a species of Pseudopolygnathus.
Pygodus serrus ambonis^[101]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Xiong, Wu & Wang	Ordovician	Tarim Basin	China
Spathogondolella^[109]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Jiang in Chen et al.	Early Triassic		China	The type species is Spathogondolella jiarongensis.
Vjalovognathus nicolli^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid^[111]	Yuan, Shen & Henderson in Yuan et al.	Early Permian	Xiala Formation	China	A species of Vjalovognathus.

Fishes[edit]

Amphibians[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of the anatomy of the skull of Acanthostega gunnari is published by Porro, Rayfield & Clack (2015).^[112]
A study of the skeletal morphogenesis of the lepospondyls Microbrachis pelikani and Hyloplesion longicostatum is published by Olori (2015).^[113]
A study of the anatomy of the skull of the lepospondyl Quasicaecilia texana is published by Pardo, Szostakiwskyj & Anderson (2015).^[114]

New taxa[edit]

Temnospondyls[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Eocyclotosaurus appetolatus^[115]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rinehart, Lucas & Schoch	Middle Triassic	Moenkopi Formation	United States	A capitosaur, a species of Eocyclotosaurus.
Metoposaurus algarvensis^[116]	Sp. nov	Valid	Brusatte et al.	Late Triassic		Portugal	A species of Metoposaurus.
Parapytanga^[117]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Strapasson, Pinheiro & Soares	Middle or late Permian	Rio do Rasto Formation	Brazil	A basal member of Stereospondylomorpha. The type species is Parapytanga catarinensis.
Procuhy^[118]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cisneros et al.	Permian (Cisuralian)	Lower Pedra de Fogo Formation	Brazil	A member of Trimerorhachidae. The type species is Procuhy nazariensis.
Timonya^[118]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cisneros et al.	Permian (Cisuralian)	Lower Pedra de Fogo Formation	Brazil	A member of Dvinosauria. The type species is Timonya anneae.

Lepospondyls[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aletrimyti^[119]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Szostakiwskyj, Pardo & Anderson	Permian (Kungurian)	Fairmont Shale	United States	A member of Recumbirostra. The type species is Aletrimyti gaskillae.
Batropetes appelensis^[120]	Sp. nov	Valid	Glienke	Early Permian	Saar–Nahe Basin	Germany	A species of Batropetes.
Batropetes palatinus^[120]	Sp. nov	Valid	Glienke	Early Permian	Saar–Nahe Basin	Germany	A species of Batropetes.
Dvellecanus^[119]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Szostakiwskyj, Pardo & Anderson	Permian (Kungurian)	Fairmont Shale	United States	A member of Recumbirostra. The type species is Dvellecanus carrolli.

Lissamphibians[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Bufo mirus^[121]	Sp. nov	Valid	Syromyatnikova	Late Early – early Middle Miocene	Khalagay Formation	Russia	A true toad of uncertain phylogenetic placement, most similar and possibly related to the Mongolian toad.
Hensonbatrachus^[122]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gardner & Brinkman	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation Oldman Formation	Canada	A frog. The type species is Hensonbatrachus kermiti.
Lepidobatrachus australis^[123]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nicoli	Late Miocene to Early Pliocene	Monte Hermoso Formation	Argentina	A frog belonging to the family Ceratophryidae, a species of Lepidobatrachus.
Palaeoplethodon^[124]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar & Wake	Eocene or Miocene		Dominican Republic	A lungless salamander found in Dominican amber. The type species is Palaeoplethodon hispaniolae.
Tyrrellbatrachus^[125]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gardner	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada	A frog of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Tyrrellbatrachus brinkmani.
Varibatrachus^[126]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Parmley, Chandler & Chandler	Miocene (late Clarendonian)	Ash Hollow Formation	United States	A frog of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Varibatrachus abraczinskasae.

Diadectomorphs[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Alveusdectes^[127]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu & Bever	Late Permian (Wuchiapingian, roughly 256 Ma)	Shangshihezi Formation	China	A diadectid. The type species is Alveusdectes fenestralis.

Ichthyosauromorphs[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of phylogenetic relationships of ichthyopterygians is published by Ji et al. (2015); the authors introduced a new name, Grippioidea, for the clade containing the last common ancestor of Utatsusaurus hataii and Grippia longirostris, and all its descendants.^[128]
An exceptionally large ichthyosaur radius, possibly belonging to a member of Shastasauridae (which, if confirmed, would indicate that members of the family survived until Early Jurassic) is described from the Hettangian Blue Lias Formation (south Wales, United Kingdom) by Martin et al. (2015).^[129]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Cartorhynchus^[130]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Motani et al.	Early Triassic (Olenekian)	Nanlinghu Formation	China	A relative of ichthyopterygians. The type species is Cartorhynchus lenticarpus.
Dearcmhara^[131]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brusatte et al.	Jurassic (Toarcian–Bajocian)		United Kingdom	A basal member of Neoichthyosauria. The type species is Dearcmhara shawcrossi.
Eretmorhipis^[132]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic (late Spathian)	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Eretmorhipis carrolldongi.
Ichthyosaurus anningae^[133]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lomax & Massare	Early Jurassic (Hettangian/Sinemurian–Pliensbachian)		United Kingdom	A species of Ichthyosaurus.
Muiscasaurus^[134]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[135]	Maxwell et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)	Paja Formation	Colombia	A member of Ophthalmosauridae. The type species is Muiscasaurus catheti.

Sauropterygians[edit]

Research[edit]

A study on the growth patterns and strategies of placodonts is published by Klein et al. (2015).^[136]
A study on the sexual selection and dimorphism in Keichousaurus hui is published by Motani et al. (2015).^[137]
A study on the teeth replacement patterns during the ontogeny in pliosaurids is published by Sassoon, Foffa & Marek (2015).^[138]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Anguanax^[139]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[140]	Cau & Fanti	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Rosso Ammonitico Veronese Formation	Italy	A pliosaurid. The type species is Anguanax zignoi.
Atychodracon^[141]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Smith	Early Jurassic		United Kingdom	A rhomaleosaurid plesiosaur; a new genus for "Plesiosaurus" megacephalus Stutchbury (1846).
Cardiocorax^[142]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Araújo et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Mocuio Formation	Angola	An elasmosaurid plesiosaur. The type species is Cardiocorax mukulu.
Dianmeisaurus^[143]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Shang & Li	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guangling Formation	China	A member of Eosauropterygia of uncertain phylogenetic placement, more closely related to nothosaurs than to plesiosaurs. The type species is Dianmeisaurus gracilis.
Makhaira^[144]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)		Russia	A pliosaurid. The type species is Makhaira rossica.
Vegasaurus^[145]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	O’Gorman et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Snow Hill Island Formation	Antarctica (Vega Island)	An elasmosaurid plesiosaur. The type species is Vegasaurus molyi.
Wangosaurus^[146]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ma et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Falang Formation	China	A pistosauroid. The type species is Wangosaurus brevirostris.

Lepidosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

A phylogenetic analysis of living and fossil squamate relationships, based on morphological and molecular data, is published by Reeder et al. (2015).^[147]
Miocene anoles from the Dominican amber, showing the habitat specializations also present in the extant Caribbean anoles, are described by Sherratt et al. (2015).^[148]

New taxa[edit]

Rhynchocephalians[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Clevosaurus sectumsemper^[149]	Sp. nov	Valid	Klein et al.	Late Triassic (Rhaetian)		United Kingdom	A clevosaurid sphenodontian, a species of Clevosaurus.

Lizards[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Archaerhineura^[150]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich et al.	Late Palaeocene	Polecat Bench Formation	United States	A rhineurid amphisbaenian. The type species is Archaerhineura mephitis.
Asagaolacerta^[151]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Evans & Matsumoto	Early Cretaceous	Kuwajima Formation	Japan	A lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Asagaolacerta tricuspidens.
Asprosaurus^[152]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Park, Evans & Huh	Late Cretaceous		South Korea	A member of Anguimorpha, probably a member of Monstersauria. The type species is Asprosaurus bibongriensis.
Babibasiliscus^[153]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Conrad	Eocene (approximately 48 Ma)	Bridger Formation	United States	A member of Corytophanidae. The type species is Babibasiliscus alxi.
Barbatteius^[154]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid^[155]	Venczel & Codrea	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Haţeg Basin	Romania	Originally assigned to the family Teiidae, but subsequently transferred to the separate family Barbatteiidae within the group Teiioidea.^[156] The type species is Barbatteius vremiri.
Cadurcogekko verus^[157]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bolet et al.	Eocene		France	A gekkotan lizard, a species of Cadurcogekko.
Chromatogenys^[158]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Makádi & Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)		Hungary	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Chromatogenys tiliquoides.
Chthonophis^[150]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Longrich et al.	Probably early Palaeocene	Bug Creek Anthills, Fort Union Formation	United States	An amphisbaenian, the only member of the new family Chthonophidae. The type species is Chthonophis subterraneus.
Cuvieribaena^[159]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Čerňanský, Augéc & Rage	Eocene (Bartonian)		France	A blanid amphisbaenian. The type species is Cuvieribaena carlgansi.
Dryadissector^[160]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wick, Lehman & Brink	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Aguja Formation	United States	A member of Varanoidea. The type species is Dryadissector shilleri.
Gekkomimus^[157]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Bolet et al.	Eocene		France	A skink; a new genus for "Cadurcogekko" rugosus Augé (2005).
Gueragama^[161]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Simões et al.	Late Cretaceous (Turonian-Campanian)	Goio-Erê Formation	Brazil	The first member of Acrodonta (a relative of agamids and chameleons) described from South America. The type species is Gueragama sulamericana.
Hakuseps^[151]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Evans & Matsumoto	Early Cretaceous		Japan	A squamate of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Hakuseps imberis.
Kuroyuriella^[151]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Evans & Matsumoto	Early Cretaceous	Kuwajima Formation	Japan	A lizard of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Kuroyuriella mikikoi.
Norellius^[162]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Conrad & Daza	Early Cretaceous (probably approximately 130 Mya)	Öösh Basin	Mongolia	A member of Gekkonomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Norellius nyctisaurops.
Ophisaurus holeci^[163]	Sp. nov	Valid	Klembara	Miocene		Czech Republic Germany^[164]^[165]	A glass lizard.
Pachygenys adachii^[166]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ikeda, Ota & Saegusa	Early Cretaceous	Sasayama Group	Japan	A squamate of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Pachygenys.
Phosphorosaurus ponpetelegans^[167]	Sp. nov	Valid^[168]	Konishi et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		Japan	A halisaurine mosasaur, a species of Phosphorosaurus.
Plioplatecarpus peckensis^[169]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cuthbertson & Holmes	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Bearpaw Formation	United States	A mosasaur, a species of Plioplatecarpus.
Pseudopus rugosus^[163]	Sp. nov	Valid	Klembara	Early Miocene		Czech Republic	A relative of the sheltopusik.
Tetrapodophis^[170]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Martill, Tischlinger & Longrich	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Crato Formation	Brazil	A squamate reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement; originally classified as an early, four-legged snake,^[170] but subsequently argued to be a dolichosaurid.^[171]^[172] The type species is Tetrapodophis amplectus.

Snakes[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Diablophis^[173]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Caldwell et al.	Late Jurassic	Morrison Formation	United States	A basal snake; a new genus for "Parviraptor" gilmorei Evans (1996).
Eophis^[173]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Caldwell et al.	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	Forest Marble	United Kingdom	A basal snake. The type species is Eophis underwoodi.
Portugalophis^[173]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Caldwell et al.	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Camadas de Guimarota	Portugal	A basal snake. The type species is Portugalophis lignites.
Renenutet^[174]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mccartney & Seiffert	Eocene (Priabonian)		Egypt	A member of Colubroidea. The type species is Renenutet enmerwer.

Turtles[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adocus sengokuensis^[175]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sonoda et al.	Early Cretaceous	Sengoku Formation	Japan	A species of Adocus.
Arvinachelys^[176]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lively	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Kaiparowits Formation	United States	A member of Baenidae. The type species is Arvinachelys goldeni.
Bairdemys thalassica^[177]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ferreira et al.	Miocene	Capadare Formation	Venezuela	A podocnemidid belonging to the clade Stereogenyina, a species of Bairdemys.
Baltemys velogastros^[178]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lichtig & Lucas	Eocene (early Bridgerian)	Huerfano Formation	United States	A member of Kinosternidae, a species of Baltemys.
Corsochelys bentleyi^[179]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwimmer et al.	Late Cretaceous		United States	A member of Dermochelyidae, a species of Corsochelys.
Desmatochelys padillai^[180]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cadena & Parham	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian-early Aptian)	Paja Formation	Colombia	A member of Protostegidae, species of Desmatochelys.	Desmatochelys padillai
Gaffneylania^[181]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sterli, de la Fuente & Krause	Middle Eocene	Sarmiento Formation	Argentina	A member of Meiolaniidae. The type species is Gaffneylania auricularis.
Gobiapalone palaeocenica^[182]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Paleocene	Bugin Tsav Basin	Mongolia	A member of Trionychidae, a species of Gobiapalone. The genus Gobiapalone was considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Kuhnemys by Georgalis & Joyce (2017), though the authors maintained G. palaeocenica as a distinct species within the latter genus.^[183]
Gomphochelys^[184]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bourque et al.	Early Wasatchian	Willwood Formation	United States	A member of Dermatemydidae. The type species is Gomphochelys nanus.
Judithemys russelli^[185]	Sp. nov	Valid	Brinkman	Late Cretaceous		Canada	A member of (likely non-monophyletic) Macrobaenidae, a species of Judithemys.
Jurassichelon^[186]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García	Late Jurassic (early Tithonian)		France	A basal member of Eucryptodira. The type species is Jurassichelon oleronensis.
Khunnuchelys lophorhothon^[187]	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Santonian or early Campanian)	Bostobe Formation	Kazakhstan	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Khunnuchelys.
Kimurachelys^[188]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brinkman et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada	A chelonioid turtle. The type species is Kimurachelys slobodae.
Leyvachelys^[189]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cadena	Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian)	Glen Rose Formation Paja Formation	Colombia United States	A member of Pan-Cryptodira belonging to the family Sandownidae. The type species is Leyvachelys cipadi.
Mauremys oshiroi^[190]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Takahashi et al.	Late Pleistocene	Tomori Amaga Cave	Japan	A pond turtle.
Neurankylus hutchisoni^[191]	Sp. nov	Valid^[192]	Lively	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Kaiparowits Formation	United States	A member of Baenidae, a species of Neurankylus.
Neurankylus utahensis^[191]	Sp. nov	Valid^[192]	Lively	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Kaiparowits Formation	United States	A member of Baenidae, a species of Neurankylus.
Perochelys^[193]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Li, Joyce & Liu	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	A soft-shelled turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement; it might be a stem- or a crown-trionychid. The type species is Perochelys lamadongensis.
Phunoichelys^[194]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Tong et al.	Late Jurassic	Phu Kradung Formation	Thailand	A xinjiangchelyid eucryptodiran. The type species is Phunoichelys thirakhupti.
Portlandemys gracilis^[195]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Anquetin, Püntener & Billon-Bruyat	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Reuchenette Formation	Switzerland	A plesiochelyid eucryptodiran, a species of Portlandemys.
Sternotherus bonevalleyensis^[196]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Bourque & Schubert	Late Hemphillian		United States	A musk turtle.
Sternotherus palaeodorus^[196]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Bourque & Schubert	Late Hemphillian		United States	A musk turtle.
Taraschelon^[197]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid^[198]	Pérez-García	Early Oligocene		France	A tortoise; a new genus for "Testudo" gigas Bravard (1844).
Testudo brevitesta^[199]	Sp. nov	Valid^[200]	Vlachos & Tsoukala	Late Pliocene (early Villafranchian)		Greece	A tortoise, a species of Testudo.
Thalassemys bruntrutana^[201]	Sp. nov	Valid	Püntener, Anquetin & Billon-Bruyat	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Reuchenette Formation	Switzerland	A basal member of Pancryptodira, a species of Thalassemys.
Toremys^[202]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Pérez-García et al.	Early Cretaceous (early Albian)		Spain	A pleurosternid paracryptodiran. The type species is Toremys cassiopeia.
"Trionyx" jixiensis^[203]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Li et al.	Early Cretaceous	Chengzihe Formation	China	A member of Trionychinae of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
Xiaochelys^[204]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhou & Rabi	Early Cretaceous (Barremian-early Aptian)	Yixian Formation	China	A member of Sinemydidae. The type species is Xiaochelys ningchengensis.

Archosauriformes[edit]

Pseudosuchians[edit]

Research[edit]

Revision of the type material of Rauisuchus tiradentes is published by Lautenschlager and Rauhut (2015).^[205]
A study on the changes in the morphology of vertebrae caused by increased adaptation to aquatic locomotion in the evolution of crocodylomorphs is published by Molnar et al. (2015).^[206]
A study of the evolutionary history of the clade Crocodyliformes is published by Bronzati, Montefeltro and Langer (2015).^[207]
A study of impact of the climate changes on the evolution and biodiversity of pseudosuchian archosaurs is published by Mannion et al. (2015).^[208]
A study on the phylogenetic position of thalattosuchians within Crocodylomorpha is published by Wilberg (2015).^[209]
A review of the diagnostic features of the species assigned to the genus Machimosaurus is published by Martin, Vincent & Falconnet (2015).^[210]
An isolated metriorhynchid tooth is described from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) Hybla Formation (Sicily, Italy) by Chiarenza et al. (2015), extending the known geological range of Metriorhynchidae and Thalattosuchia by approximately 7–8 million years;^[211] Fischer et al. (2015) subsequently caution that it might potentially be a pliosaurid tooth instead.^[144]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Albertosuchus^[212]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wu & Brinkman	Latest Cretaceous	Scollard Formation	Canada	A crocodylian, probably a crocodyloid. The type species is Albertosuchus knudsenii.
Allodaposuchus hulki^[213]	Sp. nov	Valid	Blanco et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Tremp Formation	Spain	A eusuchian crocodylomorph, a species of Allodaposuchus.
Caiman wannlangstoni^[214]	Sp. nov	Valid	Salas-Gismondi et al.	Late Middle Miocene	Pebas Formation	Peru	A caiman, a species of Caiman.
Carnufex^[215]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zanno et al.	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Pekin Formation	United States	An early member of Crocodylomorpha. The type species is Carnufex carolinensis.	Carnufex
Dagasuchus^[216]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lacerda, Schultz & Bertoni-Machado	Triassic (late Ladinian/early Carnian)	Santa Maria Formation	Brazil	A non-crocodylomorph loricatan. The type species is Dagasuchus santacruzensis.
Gnatusuchus^[214]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Salas-Gismondi et al.	Late Middle Miocene	Pebas Formation	Peru	A caiman. The type species is Gnatusuchus pebasensis.
Gorgetosuchus^[217]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Heckert et al.	Late Triassic	Pekin Formation	United States	An aetosaur. The type species is Gorgetosuchus pekinensis.
Koumpiodontosuchus^[218]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sweetman, Pedreira-Segade & Vidovic	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Wessex Formation	United Kingdom	A crocodyliform related to Bernissartia. The type species is Koumpiodontosuchus aprosdokiti.
Kuttanacaiman^[214]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Salas-Gismondi et al.	Late Middle Miocene	Pebas Formation	Peru	A caiman. The type species is Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis.
Lohuecosuchus^[219]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Narváez et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian-early Maastrichtian)		France Spain	A eusuchian crocodyliform related to Allodaposuchus. The type species is Lohuecosuchus megadontos; genus also contains Lohuecosuchus mechinorum.	Lohuecosuchus
Zoneait^[220]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wilberg	Middle Jurassic (Aalenian–Bajocian)	Snowshoe Formation	United States	A thalattosuchian crocodylomorph. The type species is Zoneait nargorum.

Non-avian dinosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of phylogenetic relationships of sauropod dinosaurs belonging to the family Diplodocidae and the taxonomic revision of the family is published by Tschopp, Mateus and Benson (2015); the authors propose to reestablish Brontosaurus as a genus distinct from Apatosaurus and to transfer Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis to the genus Supersaurus.^[221]^[222]
Additional information on the anatomy of the holotype specimen of the rebbachisaurid sauropod Tataouinea hannibalis, including description of newly discovered fossil material of this specimen, and study of its phylogenetic relationships is published by Fanti et al. (2015).^[223]
A reevaluation of the estimated body mass of Dreadnoughtus schrani is published by Bates et al. (2015).^[224]
A study of phylogenetic relationships of ornithischian dinosaurs traditionally referred to as ‘basal ornithopods’ or ‘hypsilophodontids’ is published by Boyd (2015).^[225]
Carpenter & Lamanna (2015) reinterpret the ornithopod braincase from the Morrison Formation of the Carnegie Quarry at Dinosaur National Monument (Utah), formerly assigned to Uteodon aphanoecetes, as actually belonging to Dryosaurus cf. D. altus. The authors consider genera Uteodon and Cumnoria to be junior synonyms of Camptosaurus, and transfer the species Cumnoria prestwichii and Uteodon aphanoecetes to the genus Camptosaurus.^[226]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Augustynolophus^[227]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Prieto-Márquez et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Moreno Formation	United States	A hadrosaurid; a new genus for "Saurolophus" morrisi Prieto-Márquez & Wagner (2013).
Boreonykus^[228]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bell & Currie	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Wapiti Formation	Canada	A dromaeosaurid theropod. The type species is Boreonykus certekorum.
Chilesaurus^[229]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Novas et al.	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Toqui Formation	Chile	A dinosaur of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally classified as a theropod dinosaur (a basal member of Tetanurae), but subsequently argued to be an ornithischian.^[230] The type species is Chilesaurus diegosuarezi.	Chilesaurus
Crichtonpelta^[231]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid^[232]	Arbour & Currie	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian)	Sunjiawan Formation	China	An ankylosaurine ankylosaurid; a new genus for "Crichtonsaurus" benxiensis Lü, Ji, Gao & Li (2007).
Dakotaraptor^[233]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	DePalma et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation	United States	A member of Dromaeosauridae. The type species is Dakotaraptor steini.	Dakotaraptor
Eucnemesaurus entaxonis^[234]	Sp. nov	Valid	McPhee et al.	Late Triassic	Lower Elliot Formation	South Africa	A non-sauropod sauropodomorph, a species of Eucnemesaurus.
Galeamopus^[221]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Tschopp, Mateus & Benson	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Morrison Formation	United States	A diplodocid sauropod; a new genus for "Diplodocus" hayi Holland (1924).	Galeamopus
Gspsaurus^[235]	Gen. et comb. nov	Dubious	Malkani	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Pab Formation	Pakistan	A titanosauriform sauropod. The type species is G. Pakistani.
Haestasaurus ^[236]	Gen. et comb. nov.	Valid	Upchurch, Mannion & Taylor	Early Cretaceous (late Berriasian—Valanginian)	Hastings Beds	United Kingdom	A macronarian sauropod of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a new genus for "Pelorosaurus" becklesii Mantell (1852).	Haestasaurus
Horshamosaurus^[237]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Blows	Early Cretaceous		United Kingdom	A new genus for "Polacanthus" rudgwickensis Blows (1996).
Hualianceratops ^[238]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Han et al.	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Shishugou Formation	China	A basal ceratopsian, possibly a member of Chaoyangsauridae. The type species is Hualianceratops wucaiwanensis.	Hualianceratops
Huanansaurus^[239]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Lü et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian)	Nanxiong Formation	China	An oviraptorid theropod. The type species is Huanansaurus ganzhouensis.	Huanansaurus
Iguanodon galvensis^[240]	Sp. nov	Valid	Verdú et al.	Early Cretaceous (early Barremian)	Galve, Teruel	Spain	An ornithopod, a species of Iguanodon.
Ischioceratops^[241]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	He et al.	Late Cretaceous	Wangshi Group	China	A leptoceratopsid ceratopsian. The type species is Ischioceratops zhuchengensis.	Ischioceratops
Koshisaurus^[242]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Shibata & Azuma	Early Cretaceous	Kitadani Formation	Japan	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid. The type species is Koshisaurus katsuyama.	Koshisaurus
Kunbarrasaurus^[243]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Leahey et al.	Cretaceous (late Albian–(?)early Cenomanian)	Allaru Mudstone	Australia	An ankylosaur. The type species is Kunbarrasaurus ieversi.	Kunbarrasaurus
Lepidocheirosaurus^[244]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Disputed	Alifanov & Saveliev	Late Jurassic (Tithonian?)	Ukureyskaya Formation	Russia	A dinosaur of uncertain phylogenetic placement; considered to be a theropod dinosaur related to Nqwebasaurus by the authors of its description,^[244] but subsequently argued to be an ornithischian, possibly synonymous with Kulindadromeus.^[245]^[246] The type species is Lepidocheirosaurus natatilis.
Lepidus^[247]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Nesbitt & Ezcurra	Late Triassic	Dockum Group	United States	A coelophysoid theropod. The type species is Lepidus praecisio.	Lepidus
Morelladon^[248]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Gasulla et al.	Early Cretaceous (probably late Barremian)	Arcillas de Morella Formation	Spain	An ornithopod dinosaur, a basal member of Styracosterna. The type species is Morelladon beltrani.
Mosaiceratops^[249]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zheng, Jin & Xu	Late Cretaceous (early-middle Turonian—middle Campanian)	Xiaguan Formation	China	A basal neoceratopsian. The type species is Mosaiceratops azumai.	Mosaiceratops
Nebulasaurus^[250]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xing et al.	Middle Jurassic (Aalenian or Bajocian)	Zhanghe Formation	China	A eusauropod sauropod. The type species is Nebulasaurus taito.
Padillasaurus^[251]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Carballido et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Paja Formation	Colombia	A brachiosaurid sauropod. The type species is Padillasaurus leivaensis.
Probrachylophosaurus^[252]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Freedman Fowler & Horner	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Judith River Formation	United States	A hadrosaurid. The type species is Probrachylophosaurus bergei.	Probrachylophosaurus
Pulanesaura^[253]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	McPhee et al.	Early Jurassic (probably late Hettangian to Sinemurian)	Upper Elliot Formation	South Africa	A basal sauropod. The type species is Pulanesaura eocollum.	Pulanesaura
Qijianglong^[254]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xing et al.	Late Jurassic	Suining Formation	China	A mamenchisaurid sauropod. The type species is Qijianglong guokr.
Regaliceratops^[255]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brown & Henderson	Late Cretaceous (probably middle Maastrichtian)	St. Mary River Formation	Canada	A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. The type species is Regaliceratops peterhewsi.	Regaliceratops
Saurornitholestes sullivani^[256]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jasinski	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Kirtland Formation	United States	A member of Dromaeosauridae, a species of Saurornitholestes.
Sefapanosaurus^[257]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Otero et al.	Late Triassic or Early Jurassic	Elliot Formation	South Africa	A non-sauropod sauropodomorph. The type species is Sefapanosaurus zastronensis.
Sirindhorna^[258]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Shibata et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Khok Kruat Formation	Thailand	A basal member of Hadrosauroidea. The type species is Sirindhorna khoratensis.	Sirindhorna
Ugrunaaluk^[259]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Mori, Druckenmiller & Erickson	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Prince Creek Formation	United States	A saurolophine hadrosaurid. The type species is Ugrunaaluk kuukpikensis. The genus Ugrunaaluk was considered to be a junior synonym of the genus Edmontosaurus by Takasaki et al. (2020).^[260]	Ugrunaaluk
Wendiceratops ^[261]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Evans & Ryan	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Oldman Formation	Canada	A centrosaurine ceratopsid. The type species is Wendiceratops pinhornensis.	Wendiceratops
Yi^[262]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu et al.	Jurassic (Callovian or Oxfordian)	Tiaojishan Formation	China	A scansoriopterygid theropod. The type species is Yi qi.	Yi
Zhenyuanlong^[263]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Lü & Brusatte	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A dromaeosaurid theropod. The type species is Zhenyuanlong suni.	Zhenyuanlong

Birds[edit]

Research[edit]

Balaur bondoc, originally interpreted as a member of Dromaeosauridae, is argued to be a basal member of Avialae by Cau, Brougham and Naish (2015).^[264]
Estimates of likely mass and flight capability of the extinct Chatham duck (Anas chathamica), as indicated by measurements of major bones, are published by Williams (2015).^[265]
New cranial material of the Oligo-Miocene relative of flamingos, Harrisonavis croizeti, is described by Torres et al. (2015).^[266]
New specimens of the Eocene relative of swifts, Scaniacypselus szarskii, are described by Mayr (2015).^[267]
A specimen of a stem-coliiform Masillacolius brevidactylus with preserved skull is described by Mayr (2015).^[268]
A study of the phylogenetic relationships of Psittacopes, Pumiliornis and Morsoravis, indicating their close relationship to the passerines and extinct family Zygodactylidae, is published by Mayr (2015); the author also introduced a new name, Parapasseres, for the clade containing Passeriformes and Zygodactylidae but not Psittacopes.^[269]
A study of preserved specimens of the Puerto Rican conure (previously considered to be an extinct subspecies of the Hispaniolan parakeet) is published by Olson (2015), who raises it to the rank of a separate species Psittacara maugei.^[270]
A Dwarf Emu was found in the Miocene of Alcoota in Central Australia.^[271]
Jones et al. (2015) describe a distal end of the left tibiotarsus of a member of the genus Caracara of uncertain specific assignment from the late Pleistocene of Argentina, estimated to be the largest member of the family Falconidae described thus far.^[272]
A description of the skeletal anatomy of two well-preserved specimens of the dodo is published by Claessens, Meijer and Hume (2015).^[273]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aegypius tugarinovi ^[274]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Manegold & Zelenkov	Early Pliocene, Ruscinian		Moldova	An Old World vulture, Accipitridae, related to the cinereous vulture.
Alopecoenas norfolkensis ^[275]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forshaw	Holocene		Australia	A new scientific name for the Norfolk ground dove. The previous name used to refer to this species, Columba norfolciensis Latham (1801), was suppressed by ICZN in 2010.^[276]
Anas kurochkini ^[277]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zelenkov & Panteleyev	Late Miocene		Russia	An Anatidae.
Archaeornithura ^[278]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Wang et al.	Hauterivian	Huajiying Formation	China	A Hongshanornithidae. Type species A. meemannae.
Athene inexpectata ^[279]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Pavia, Manegold, & Haarhoff	Early Pliocene	Varswater Formation	South Africa	A Strigidae
Circaetus haemusensis ^[280]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Boev	Early Pleistocene		Bulgaria	A snake eagle
Cratoavis ^[281]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Carvalho et al.	Aptian	Crato Member, Santana Formation	Brazil	A member of Euenantiornithes of uncertain phylogenetic placement.^[281]^[282] The type species is C. cearensis.
Dunhuangia ^[283]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Cretaceous	Xiagou Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes. The type species is D. cuii.
Eopachypteryx ^[284]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Mayr	Eocene	Messel Formation	Germany	A bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Type species E. praeterita.
Feitianius ^[285]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	O’Connor et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Xiagou Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes. The type species is Feitianius paradisi.
Foshanornis ^[286]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Zhao et al.	Early Eocene	Buxin Formation	China	A bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of trogons. Type species F. songi.
Fumicollis ^[287]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Bell & Chiappe	Late Cretaceous (late Coniacian—early Campanian)	The Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Chalk	United States	A member of Hesperornithiformes. The type species is Fumicollis hoffmani.
Gallinago azovica ^[277]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zelenkov & Panteleyev	Middle Turolian		Russia	A snipe, Scolopacidae.
Hakawai ^[288]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid^[289]	De Pietri et al.	Early Miocene (19–16 Ma)	Bannockburn Formation	New Zealand	A member of Scolopaci of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Hakawai melvillei.
Holbotia ^[290]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid^[291]	Zelenkov & Averianov	Early Cretaceous		Mongolia	A member of Enantiornithes, probably a relative of Gobipteryx. Type species H. ponomarenkoi.
Houornis ^[292]	Gen. et comb. nov.	Valid^[293]	Wang & Liu	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a new genus for "Cathayornis" caudatus Hou (1997).
Hypsipetes cowlesi ^[294]	Sp. nov.	Valid^[295]	Hume	Holocene		Rodrigues	A bulbul, Pycnonotidae
Juehuaornis ^[296]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Wang, Wang & Hu	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A basal member of Ornithuromorpha. Type species J. zhangi.
Kuntur ^[297]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Stucchi et al.	Late Miocene	Pisco Formation	Peru	A condor. Type species K. cardenasi.
Lavadytis ^[298]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid^[299]	Stidham & Hilton	Miocene (16.1–14.6 Ma)		United States	A member of Anatidae; a member or a relative of members of the subfamily Oxyurinae. The type species is Lavadytis pyrenae.
Llallawavis^[300]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Degrange et al.	Late Pliocene	Playa Los Lobos Allo Formation	Argentina	A mesembriornithine phorusrhacid. Type species L. scagliai.	Llallawavis
Makahala ^[301]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Mayr	Latest Eocene or early Oligocene	Makah Formation	United States	A member of Procellariiformes. Type species M. mirae.
Mangystania^[302]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zvonok, Zelenkov & Danilov	Eocene (Bartonian)	Shorym Formation	Kazakhstan	Possibly a member of Suliformes. The type species is Mangystania humilicristata.
Miobaptus huzhiricus ^[303]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zelenkov	Miocene		Russia	A grebe
Mioporphyrula ^[304]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Zelenkov in Zelenkov & Kurochkin	Late Miocene		Moldova	A member of Rallidae. A new genus for "Tertiariaporphyrula" lungi Kurochkin & Ganea (1972).
Mwalau ^[305]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Worthy et al.	Holocene		Vanuatu	A megapode. The type species is M. walterlinii.
Namapsitta ^[306]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Mourer-Chauviré, Pickford, & Senut	Middle Eocene		Namibia	A Psittaciformes incertae sedis. Type species N. praeruptorum.
Nyctisoma ^[307]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Elżanowski & Zelenkov	Middle Miocene	Öoshin Formation	Mongolia	An Ardeidae. Type species N. robusta.
Oligonomus ^[308]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	De Pietri, Camens, & Worthy	Late Oligocene		Australia	A member of Charadriiformes related to the plains-wanderer. Type species O. milleri.
Opisthodactylus horacioperezi ^[309]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Agnolin & Chafrat	Early Miocene	Chichinales Formation	Argentina	A rheid ratite
Parapengornis ^[310]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Hu, O’Connor & Zhou	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes, a relative of Pengornis. Type species P. eurycaudatus.
Patagorhacos ^[309]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Agnolin & Chafrat	Early Miocene	Chichinales Formation	Argentina	A member of Phorusrhacidae. Type species P. terrificus.
Petrosushkinia ^[304]	Nom. nov	Valid	Zelenkov in Zelenkov & Kurochkin	Late Miocene		Kazakhstan	A member of Falconidae. A replacement name for Sushkinia Tugarinov (1935) (preoccupied).
Porzana botunensis ^[311]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Boev	Early Pleistocene		Bulgaria	A member of Rallidae, a species of crake.
Pterodroma imberi ^[312]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Tennyson, Cooper & Shepherd	Holocene		New Zealand	A member of Procellariidae, a species of gadfly petrel.
Pterygornis ^[313]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid ^[314]	Wang, Hu & Li	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes. Type species P. dapingfangensis.
Rallus adolfocaesaris ^[315]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Alcover et al.	Holocene		Madeira (Porto Santo Island)	A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus
Rallus carvaoensis ^[315]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Alcover et al.	Holocene		Azores (São Miguel Island)	A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus
Rallus lowei ^[315]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Alcover et al.	Holocene		Madeira (Madeira Island)	A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus
Rallus minutus ^[315]	Sp. nov.	Junior homonym	Alcover et al.	Holocene		Azores (São Jorge Island)	A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus. The specific name is a junior homonym of Rallus minutus Pallas (1776), Rallus minutus Gmelin (1789) and Rallus minutus Forster (1844). Alcover et al. (2016) coined a replacement name Rallus nanus.^[316]
Rallus montivagorum ^[315]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Alcover et al.	Holocene		Azores (Pico Island)	A member of Rallidae, a species of Rallus
Ramphastosula aguirrei ^[317]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt	Miocene	Pisco Formation	Peru	A member of Sulidae, a species of Ramphastosula.
Scolopax brachycarpa ^[318]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Takano & Steadman	Late Holocene		Haiti	A woodcock.
Scopelortyx ^[306]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Mourer-Chauviré, Pickford, & Senut	Middle Eocene		Namibia	A Paraortygidae, Galliformes. Type species S. klinghardtensis.
Shiriyanetta ^[319]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Watanabe & Matsuoka	Pleistocene		Japan	A duck. The type species is Shiriyanetta hasegawai.
Spheniscus anglicus ^[320]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Benson	Late Miocene	Bahía Inglesa Formation	Chile	A banded penguin.
Stemec ^[321]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Kaiser, Watanabe & Johns	Late Oligocene	Sooke Formation	Canada	A member of Plotopteridae. The type species is Stemec suntokum.
Sula brandi ^[317]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt	Miocene	Pisco Formation	Peru	A booby.
Sula figueroae ^[317]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt	Miocene	Pisco Formation	Peru	A booby.
Tyto cravesae ^[322]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Suárez & Olson	Quaternary (probably late Pleistocene)		Cuba	A barn-owl, a species of Tyto.
Tyto richae ^[279]	Sp. nov	Valid	Pavia, Manegold, & Haarhoff	Early Pliocene	Varswater Formation	South Africa	A Tytonidae barn-owl.
Yuanjiawaornis ^[323]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Hu et al.	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes. Type species Yuanjiawaornis viriosus.

Pterosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

A study on the terrestrial locomotion of non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs is published by Witton (2015).^[324]
A specimen of Rhamphorhynchus muensteri with preserved soft tissues or impressions of soft tissues, stomach contents and possibly a coprolite is described by Hone et al. (2015).^[325]
Eleutério et al. (2015) study the bone microstructure characterization of two pterosaurs belonging to the group Anhangueria.^[326]
The paleoenvironments of azhdarchid pterosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan are studied by Averianov et al. (2015).^[327]
Martill et al. (2015) describe a jaw bone attributed to the mid-Cretaceous pterosaur species Alanqa saharica from the Kem Kem beds of Morocco.^[328]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Arcticodactylus^[329]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Kellner	Late Triassic (?Norian-Rhaetian)	Fleming Fjord Formation	Greenland	A non-pterodactyloid pterosaur of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a new genus for "Eudimorphodon" cromptonellus Jenkins et al. (2001).
Austriadraco^[329]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Kellner	Late Triassic (late Norian)	Seefeld Formation	Austria	A non-pterodactyloid pterosaur of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Austriadraco dallavecchiai.
Banguela^[330]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Headden & Campos	Early Cretaceous	Romualdo Formation	Brazil	The type species is Banguela oberlii. Originally described as a dsungaripterid; Pêgas, Costa & Kellner (2018) considered the genus Banguela to be a junior synonym of the genus Thalassodromeus, and transferred the species B. oberlii to the latter genus.^[331]
Bergamodactylus^[329]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Kellner	Late Triassic (Alaunian)	Calcari di Zorzino Formation	Italy	Originally interpreted as a relative of Campylognathoides. The type species is Bergamodactylus wildi. Dalla Vecchia (2018) considers B. wildi to be a junior synonym of Carniadactylus rosenfeldi.^[332]
Cimoliopterus dunni^[333]	Sp. nov	Valid	Myers	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian)	Britton Formation	United States	A member of Pterodactyloidea, probably a pteranodontoid; a species of Cimoliopterus.
Daohugoupterus^[334]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Late Jurassic	Daohugou Beds	China	A non-pterodactyloid pterosaur. The type species is Daohugoupterus delicatus.
Linlongopterus^[335]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rodrigues et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Pteranodontoidea, possibly related to anhanguerians. The type species is Linlongopterus jennyae.
Orientognathus^[336]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lü et al.	Late Jurassic	Tuchengzi Formation	China	A rhamphorhynchid. The type species is Orientognathus chaoyngensis.
Rhamphorhynchus etchesi^[337]	Sp. nov	Valid	O'Sullivan & Martill	Late Jurassic	Kimmeridge Clay Formation	United Kingdom	A species of Rhamphorhynchus.

Other[edit]

A study on the archosauriform evolutionary history during the Late Permian and Early Triassic, including description of chirotheriid and chirotheriid-like tracks from the Late Permian of Northern Italy, is published by Bernardi et al. (2015).^[338]

Other reptiles[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Eohyosaurus^[339]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Butler et al.	Middle Triassic (early Anisian)	Burgersdorp Formation	South Africa	A basal rhynchosaur. The type species is Eohyosaurus wolvaardti.
Erpetonyx^[340]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Modesto et al.	Carboniferous (Gzhelian)	Egmont Bay Formation	Canada	A relative of bolosaurids. The type species is Erpetonyx arsenaultorum.
Glaurung^[341]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bulanov & Sennikov	Late Permian		Germany	A member of Weigeltisauridae. The type species is Glaurung schneideri.
Opisthodontosaurus^[342]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Reisz et al.	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A member of Captorhinidae. The type species is Opisthodontosaurus carrolli.
Pappochelys^[343]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schoch & Sues	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A stem-turtle. The type species is Pappochelys rosinae.	Pappochelys
"Thalassodromeus" sebesensis^[344]	Sp. nov	Valid	Grellet-Tinner & Codrea	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		Romania	A reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement; initially classified as a pterosaur and a species of Thalassodromeus,^[344] but subsequently argued to be a turtle and a junior synonym of Kallokibotion bajazidi.^[345]

Synapsids[edit]

Non-mammalian synapsids[edit]

Research[edit]

Redescription of the anatomy of Tiarajudens eccentricus is published by Cisneros et al. (2015), who compare the species with Anomocephalus africanus.^[346]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Endothiodon tolani^[347]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cox & Angielczyk	Permian	Ruhuhu Formation	Tanzania	A dicynodont, a species of Endothiodon.
Ichibengops^[348]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Huttenlocker, Sidor & Angielczyk	Late Permian	Madumabisa Mudstone Formation	Zambia	A therocephalian. The type species is Ichibengops munyamadziensis.
Lende^[349]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Kruger et al.	Late Permian	Chiweta Beds	Malawi	A burnetiamorph biarmosuchian therapsid. The type species is Lende chiweta.
Nothogomphodon sanjiaoensis^[350]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu & Abdala	Middle Triassic	Ermaying Formation	China	A therocephalian, a species of Nothogomphodon.
Ruberodon^[351]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ray	Late Triassic	Tiki Formation	India	A traversodontid cynodont. The type species is Ruberodon roychowdhurii.
Sinokannemeyeria baidaoyuensis^[352]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu	Middle Triassic	Tongchuan Formation	China	A kannemeyeriiform dicynodont, a species of Sinokannemeyeria.

Mammals[edit]

Other animals[edit]

Research[edit]

A study of phylogenetic relationships of the Ediacaran animal Namacalathus, interpreting it as a member of Lophotrochozoa related to bryozoans and brachiopods, is published by Zhuravlev, Wood & Penny (2015).^[353]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aegirocassis^[354]^[355]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van Roy, Daley & Briggs	Early Ordovician		Morocco	A member of Anomalocarididae (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, most likely stem-arthropods). The type species is Aegirocassis benmoulae.
Allonnia tintinopsis^[356]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bengtson & Collins	Cambrian	Burgess Shale El Gavilán Formation^[357]	Canada Mexico^[357]	A chancelloriid, a species of Allonnia.
Anguispongia siciliana^[358]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Auriculospongiidae.
Archiasterella coriacea^[356]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bengtson & Collins	Cambrian	Burgess Shale	Canada	A chancelloriid, a species of Archiasterella.
Atrochaetetes conicus^[358]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge.
Banffia episoma^[359]	Sp. nov	Valid	Conway Morris et al.	Cambrian	Spence Shale	United States	An early deuterostome, a species of Banffia.
Carterina burgioi^[358]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy Turkey^[360]	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Disjectoporidae.
Collinsium^[361]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Early Cambrian	Xiaoshiba Lagerstätte	China	A lobopodian belonging to the lineage leading to the velvet worms. The type species is Collinsium ciliosum.
Colospongia cribrifera^[362]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Link & Riedel	Late Triassic (Norian)		Turkey	A sponge, a species of Colospongia.
Conochaetetes^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species C. magnitubus.
Costatulites kimi^[363]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ghavidel-Syooki et al.	Ordovician (Katian)		Iran	A member of Tentaculita (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Costatulites.
Cyrtograptus fui^[364]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Silurian (Llandovery)		China	A graptolite, a species of Cyrtograptus.
Dailyatia bacata^[365]	Sp. nov	Valid	Skovsted et al.	Cambrian		Australia	A tommotiid.
Dailyatia helica^[365]	Sp. nov	Valid	Skovsted et al.	Cambrian		Australia	A tommotiid.
Disjectopora gaetanii^[358]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Austria Italy Oman Turkey^[360]	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Disjectoporidae.
Eocyathispongia^[366]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yin et al.	Precambrian (Ediacaran)	Doushantuo Formation	China	A sponge. The type species is Eocyathispongia qiania.
Eokinorhynchus^[367]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Cambrian (Fortunian)	Dengying Formation	China	A kinorhynch-like scalidophoran. The type species is Eokinorhynchus rarus.
Eolarva^[368]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhang & Dong	Cambrian (Fortunian)	Kuanchuanpu Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a cnidarian-grade animal. The type species is Eolarva kuanchuanpuensis.
Galeactena^[369]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ou et al.	Early Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	A comb jelly. The type species is Galeactena hemispherica.
Gamascolex vanroyi^[370]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gutiérrez-Marco & García-Bellido	Late Ordovician		Morocco	A palaeoscolecid worm, a species of Gamascolex.
Gemmactena^[369]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ou et al.	Early Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	A comb jelly. The type species is Gemmactena actinala.
Globucatenula^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species G. siciliana.
Glyptograptus perneri^[371]	Sp. nov	Valid	Štorch	Silurian		Czech Republic	A graptolite belonging to the family Retiolitidae, a species of Glyptograptus.
Guanshanchaeta^[372]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Early Cambrian	Wulongqing Formation	China	A polychaete annelid. The type species is Guanshanchaeta felicia.
Hindenites parkheadensis^[373]	Sp. nov	Valid	Eriksson & von Bitter	Silurian (Wenlock)	Eramosa Lagerstätte	Canada	A polychaete, a species of Hindenites.
Incertuspongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species I. maxima.
Irregulaspongia^[358]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy Turkey^[360]	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Auriculospongiidae. Genus includes I. magna and I. parva.
Magnicanalifera^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species M. lupensis.
Multilaticanalia^[358]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species M. panormitana and M. reticulata.
Neomonograptus aequabilis latus^[374]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Devonian		China	A graptolite, a subspecies of Neomonograptus aequabilis.
Noritubispongia^[358]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Greece Italy Turkey^[360]	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida. The type species is N. chaetetiformis; genus also includes N. arcularia.
Normalograptus frydai^[371]	Sp. nov	Valid	Štorch	Silurian		Czech Republic	A graptolite belonging to the family Normalograptidae, a species of Normalograptus.
Normalograptus parvus^[371]	Sp. nov	Valid	Štorch	Silurian		Czech Republic	A graptolite belonging to the family Normalograptidae, a species of Normalograptus.
Ottoia tricuspida^[375]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith, Harvey & Butterfield	Cambrian	Burgess Shale	Canada	A stem-group priapulid, a species of Ottoia.
Oymurania^[376]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ushatinskaya in Kouchinsky et al.	Cambrian		Russia Morocco?	A stem-group brachiopod. The type species is Oymurania gravestocki from Siberian Platform; genus might also contain a second, yet-unnamed species from Morocco.
Parastylothalamia minima^[362]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Link & Riedel	Late Triassic (Norian)		Turkey	A sponge, a species of Parastylothalamia.
Pauxillites thaddei^[377]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valent & Carbacho	Ordovician (Floian)	Upper Fezouata Formation	Morocco	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Pauxillites.
Pernerograptus pribyli^[371]	Sp. nov	Valid	Štorch	Silurian		Czech Republic	A graptolite belonging to the family Monograptidae, a species of Pernerograptus.
Polytubithalamia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species P. perforata.
Preperonidella tabulata^[358]	Sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy Turkey^[360]	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Preperonidellidae.
Protopholoe colombiana^[378]	Sp. nov	Valid	Luque, Hourdez & Vinn	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)		Colombia	An aphroditiform polychaete, a species of Protopholoe.
Pseudorthograptus mitchelli^[371]	Sp. nov	Valid	Štorch	Silurian		Czech Republic	A graptolite belonging to the family Retiolitidae, a species of Pseudorthograptus.
Pustulispongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species P. anulifera.
Pyrgopolon (Septenaria) nekvasilovae^[379]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kočí & Jäger	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian)	Bohemian Cretaceous Basin	Czech Republic	A polychaete belonging to the family Serpulidae, a species of Pyrgopolon.
Pyrgopolon (Septenaria) zitti^[379]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kočí & Jäger	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian)	Bohemian Cretaceous Basin	Czech Republic	A polychaete belonging to the family Serpulidae, a species of Pyrgopolon.
Quasimolites^[380]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Valent et al.	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs). The type species is Quasimolites quasimodo.
Rollinschaeta^[381]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Parry et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Lebanon	A polychaete belonging to the family Amphinomidae. The type species is Rollinschaeta myoplena.
Rostrospongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species R. magna.
Sarmentofascis? digitatus^[382]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schlagintweit & Krajewski	Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Tithonian-early Berriasian)		Crimean Peninsula	A cladocoropsid stromatoporoid sponge, possibly a species of Sarmentofascis.
Scathascolex^[383]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[384]	Smith	Cambrian	Burgess Shale	Canada	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Scathascolex minor.
Semiuvanella^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species S. siciliana.
Skryjelites^[380]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Valent et al.	Cambrian	Buchava Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs). The type species is Skryjelites auritus.
Sphenoecium wheelerensis^[385]	Sp. nov	Valid^[386]	Maletz & Steiner	Cambrian	Wheeler Shale	United States	A graptolite, a species of Sphenoecium.
Stipesia^[387]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid^[388]	Świerczewska-Gładysz	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)		Poland	A lithistid demosponge belonging to the family Pleromidae. The type species is Stipesia belchatowiensis.
Tenuipariespongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida. The type species is T. conica.
Thaumactena^[369]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ou et al.	Early Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	A comb jelly. The type species is Thaumactena ensis.
Thylacocercus^[359]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Conway Morris et al.	Cambrian	Wheeler Formation	United States	A vetulicystid deuterostome. The type species is Thylacocercus ignota.
Trinakrispongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species T. gracilis.
Triplicatella papilio^[389]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kouchinsky in Kouchinsky et al.	Early Cambrian	Emyaksin Formation	Russia	A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Triplicatella.
Uncinatograptus jadae^[374]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Devonian		China	A graptolite, a species of Uncinatograptus.
Vesicotubispongia^[358]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Senowbari-Daryan, Di Stefano & Abate	Late Triassic		Italy	A demosponge. Genus includes new species V. triasica.
Wiwaxia herka^[390]	Sp. nov	Valid	Conway Morris et al.	Cambrian	Spence Shale	United States	A stem-lophotrochozoan, a species of Wiwaxia.
Yuknessia stephenensis^[391]	Sp. nov	Valid	LoDuca et al.	Cambrian	Burgess Shale Pierson Cove Formation Spence Shale Wheeler Shale	Canada United States	A species of Yuknessia (originally thought to be an alga, reinterpreted as a member of Pterobranchia by LoDuca et al., 2015).^[391]

Other organisms[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Actinella goodwinii^[392]	Sp. nov	Valid	Siver et al.	Eocene		Canada	A diatom, a species of Actinella.
Actinella hickeyi^[392]	Sp. nov	Valid	Siver et al.	Eocene		Canada	A diatom, a species of Actinella.
Actinella kimberlitica^[392]	Sp. nov	Valid	Siver et al.	Eocene		Canada	A diatom, a species of Actinella.
Adeliesphaera^[393]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bijl & Brinkhuis	Early Eocene		Antarctica	A dinoflagellate. The type species is Adeliesphaera ohanlonii.
Annulatubus^[394]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Carbone et al.	Ediacaran	Blueflower Formation	Canada	A tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Annulatubus flexuosus.
Caledonicratis^[395]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zapalski & Clarkson	Carboniferous (Viséan)	Gullane Formation	United Kingdom	An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; possibly an animal belonging to the cnidarian family Solanderiidae (the possibility considered to be more probable by the authors of its description) or an alga similar to Perissothallus. The type species is Caledonicratis caridum.
Callimothallus semicircularis^[396]	Sp. nov	Valid	Singh et al.	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A fungal thallus similar to thalli of members of Microthyriaceae.
Casparyotorula^[397]	Gen. et comb et sp. nov	Valid	Rikkinen, Schmidt & Kettunen in Kettunen et al.	Eocene		Germany Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)	A hyphomycete fungus known from Baltic amber and Bitterfeld amber. A new genus for "Torula" globulifera Caspary (1886); genus also contains "Torula" heteromorpha Caspary (1886), as well as the new species Casparyotorula arnoldii.
Circulodinium? laeve^[398]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Eocene	Anjihaihe Formation	China	A dinoflagellate, possibly a species of Circulodinium.
Cyclostephanos nepalensis^[399]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hayashi in Hayashi & Tanimura	Pleistocene		Nepal	A diatom, a species of Cyclostephanos.
Cyclostephanos pseudonepalensis^[399]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hayashi in Hayashi & Tanimura	Pleistocene		Nepal	A diatom, a species of Cyclostephanos.
Cyclostephanos ramosus^[400]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hayashi & Tanimura	Pleistocene		Nepal	A diatom, a species of Cyclostephanos.
Cyclotella paleo-ocellata^[401]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vossel & Van de Vijver in Vossel et al.	Holocene		Israel	A diatom. Originally described as a species of Cyclotella; transferred to the genus Lindavia by Nakov et al. (2015).^[402]
Dictyosphaera tacita^[403]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tang et al.	Tonian	Gouhou Formation	China	An acritarch.
Donskinica^[404]	Gen. nov	Valid	Strelnikova & Kozyrenko				A diatom.
Elatera minor^[405]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vorob’eva & Sergeev in Vorob’eva, Sergeev & Petrov	Early Mesoproterozoic	Kotuikan Formation	Russia	A probable eukaryotic microorganism of uncertain phylogenetic placement
Eosolena minuta^[405]	Sp. nov	Valid	Vorob’eva & Sergeev in Vorob’eva, Sergeev & Petrov	Early Mesoproterozoic	Kotuikan Formation	Russia	A probable eukaryotic microorganism of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
Gigantosphaeridium^[406]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Agić, Moczydłowska & Yin	Late Mesoproterozoic	Baicaoping Formation	China	A microfossil belonging to the stem group of Chloroplastida. Genus includes new species G. fibratum.
Haslea antiqua^[407]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fenner	Paleocene		Southwestern Pacific Ocean (Campbell Plateau)	A diatom, a species of Haslea.
Hirudiforma^[405]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Vorob’eva & Sergeev in Vorob’eva, Sergeev & Petrov	Early Mesoproterozoic	Kotuikan Formation	Russia	A eukaryotic microorganism, possibly a green alga. The type species is H. simmetrica; genus also includes H. lancetica.
Kaiwaradinium abbreviatum^[398]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Eocene	Anjihaihe Formation	China	A dinoflagellate, a species of Kaiwaradinium.
Kuckaraukia^[408]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Razumovskiy et al.	Late Vendian	Basa Formation	Russia	An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, might be a unitary organism or as a colony of motionless benthic organisms. The type species is Kuckaraukia multituberculata.
Lineaforma^[405]	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Vorob’eva & Sergeev in Vorob’eva, Sergeev & Petrov	Early Mesoproterozoic	Belt Supergroup Kotuikan Formation Roper Group	Australia^[409] Russia United States^[409]	A probable eukaryotic microorganism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is L. elongata. Possibly a junior synonym of Jixiania lineata.^[410]
Mallomonas schumachii^[411]	Sp. nov	Valid	Siver	Eocene		Canada	A synurophyte, a species of Mallomonas.
Matris^[412]	Gen. et sp. nov		Du, Wang & Komiya	Ediacaran	Doushantuo Formation	China	An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Its fossil were originally interpreted as a probable sponge gemmules;^[412] this interpretation was criticized by Pronzato, Pisera & Manconi (2017), who stated that the fossils resemble some arcellid testate amoebae.^[413] Genus includes new species M. gemmuleanalogi.
Meliolinites buxi^[414]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ma & Sun in Ma et al.	Oligocene	Ningming Formation	China	A fungus belonging to the family Meliolaceae; a species of Meliolinites.
Notothyrites undulatus^[396]	Sp. nov	Valid	Singh et al.	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A fungal thallus similar to thalli of members of Microthyriaceae.
Oligosphaeropsis^[398]	Gen. et 3 sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Eocene	Anjihaihe Formation	China	A dinoflagellate. The type species is Oligosphaeropsis accreta; genus also contains Oligosphaeropsis complex and Oligosphaeropsis megaprocessa.
Palaeoborrelia^[415]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Miocene		Dominican Republic	A spirochaete belonging to the family Spirochaetaceae known from Dominican amber. The type species is Palaeoborrelia dominicana.
Palaeoclaviceps^[416]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar, Alderman & Wunderlich	Cretaceous (roughly 100 million years ago)		Myanmar	A fungus belonging to the family Clavicipitaceae (a relative of ergots). The type species is Palaeoclaviceps parasiticus.
Palaeorickettsia^[417]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)		Myanmar	Probably a member of Rickettsiales. The type species is Palaeorickettsia protera.
Palaeozoosporites^[418]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Strullu-Derrien in Strullu-Derrien et al.	Devonian (approximately 407 Mya)		United Kingdom	A chytrid-like (i.e. similar to members of Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota) fungus of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Palaeozoosporites renaultii.
Rajkanella^[419]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schlagintweit & Rigaud	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Kosovo	A foraminifer. Genus includes new species R. hottingerinaformis.
Rhoicosphenia gandhii^[420]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thomas, Karthick & Kociolek in Thomas, Kociolek & Karthick	Probably Pliocene or Pleistocene		India	A diatom, a species of Rhoicosphenia.
Rhoicosphenia indica^[420]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thomas, Karthick & Kociolek in Thomas, Kociolek & Karthick	Probably Pliocene or Pleistocene		India	A diatom, a species of Rhoicosphenia.
Rhoicosphenia patrickae^[420]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thomas & Kociolek in Thomas, Kociolek & Karthick	Probably Pliocene or Pleistocene		United States	A diatom, a species of Rhoicosphenia.
Rhoicosphenia reimeri^[420]	Sp. nov	Valid	Thomas & Kociolek in Thomas, Kociolek & Karthick	Probably Pliocene or Pleistocene		United States	A diatom, a species of Rhoicosphenia.
Rhyniosarcina^[421]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Taylor & Krings	Early Devonian		United Kingdom	A member of Cyanobacteria, probably a member or a relative of Chroococcales. The type species is Rhyniosarcina devonica.
Scepasmatocarpion^[422]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Krings & Taylor	Early Devonian		United Kingdom	A fungus of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Scepasmatocarpion fenestrulatum.
Sekwitubulus^[394]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Carbone et al.	Ediacaran	Blueflower Formation	Canada	A tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Sekwitubulus annulatus.
Sinotubulites hexagonus^[423]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cai et al.	Late Ediacaran	Dengying Formation	China	A tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, of probable animal affinities; a species of Sinotubulites.
Sinotubulites pentacarinalis^[423]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cai et al.	Late Ediacaran	Dengying Formation	China	A tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, of probable animal affinities; a species of Sinotubulites.
Sinotubulites triangularis^[423]	Sp. nov	Valid	Cai et al.	Late Ediacaran	Dengying Formation	China	A tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, of probable animal affinities; a species of Sinotubulites.
Spiniferites adnatus latispinus^[398]	Subsp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Eocene	Anjihaihe Formation	China	A dinoflagellate, a subspecies of Spiniferites adnatus.
Squamosphaera^[403]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Tang et al.	Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic	Gouhou Formation Kwagunt Formation Zigazino-Komarovsk Beds	Australia^[409] China Russia United States	An acritarch. The type species is "Satka" colonialica Jankauskas (1979).
Tertiarius juriljii^[424]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ognjanova-Rumenova et al.	Pliocene	Vitacevo Formation	Macedonia	A diatom; a species of Tertiarius.
Tertiarius mariovensis^[424]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ognjanova-Rumenova et al.	Pliocene	Vitacevo Formation	Macedonia	A diatom; a species of Tertiarius.
Tianshandinium^[398]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Eocene	Anjihaihe Formation	China	A dinoflagellate. The type species is Tianshandinium biconicum.
Turbiosphaera guersteinae^[393]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bijl & Brinkhuis	Early Eocene		Antarctica	A dinoflagellate, a species of Turbiosphaera.

References[edit]

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Nadiezhda Santodomingo; Carden C. Wallace; Kenneth G. Johnson (2015). "Fossils reveal a high diversity of the staghorn coral genera Acropora and Isopora (Scleractinia: Acroporidae) in the Neogene of Indonesia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 175 (4): 677–763. doi:10.1111/zoj.12295.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Harry F. Filkorn; Jerjes Pantoja-Alor (2015). "Mexican Cretaceous coral species (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Scleractinia) described as new by Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor (2009), but deemed 'unpublished' under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: republication of data necessary for nomenclatural availability" (PDF). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 72 (1): 93–101. doi:10.21805/bzn.v72i1.a5. S2CID 87954034.
^ ^a ^b ^c Julien Denayer; Gregory E. Webb (2015). "Cionodendron and related lithostrotionid genera from the Mississippian of eastern Australia: systematics, stratigraphy and evolution". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 39 (3): 315–376. doi:10.1080/03115518.2015.1001218. S2CID 84711514.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Jerzy Fedorowski (2015). "Serpukhovian (Early Carboniferous) Rugosa (Anthozoa) from the Lublin Basin, eastern Poland". Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. 85: 221–270.
^ Rosemarie C. Baron-Szabo (2015). "A new dendrophylliid coral genus Cairnsipsammia from the Lower Cretaceous of western Austria (Anthozoa; Scleractinia; Vorarlberg; Schrattenkalk Formation [upper Barremian-lower Aptian])". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 128 (4): 216–226. doi:10.2988/0006-324X-128.4.216. S2CID 85709658.
^ Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Chekhovichia, a new generic replacement name for Rotalites Leleshus 1970 (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) non Lamarck 1801 (Protista: Foraminifera)". Zootaxa. 4034 (2): 399–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4034.2.11. PMID 26624450.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e George D. Stanley Jr.; Tetsuji Onoue (2015). "Upper Triassic reef corals from the Sambosan Accretionary Complex, Kyushu, Japan". Facies. 61 (2): Article 1. doi:10.1007/s10347-014-0425-1. S2CID 129889380.
^ Shuji Niko; Yousuke Ibaraki; Jun-ichi Tazawa (2015). "Devonian tabulate corals from pebbles in Mesozoic conglomerate, Kotaki, Niigata Prefecture, central Japan Part 2: Alveolitina". Science Reports of Niigata University. (Geology). 30: 15–25. hdl:10191/32232.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Helena Eliášová (2015). "Genres nouveaux et peu connus de coraux Scléractiniaires des calcaires de Štramberk (Jurassique supérieur de République tchèque)" (PDF). Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève. 34 (1): 59–76.
^ Mélanie Gretz; Bernard Lathuilière; Rossana Martini (2015). "A new coral with simplified morphology from the oldest known Hettangian (Early Jurassic) reef in southern France". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (2): 277–286. doi:10.4202/app.00012.2013.
^ Shuji Niko; Shigeyuki Suzuki; Eiji Taguchi (2015). "Dendrophyllia okamotoi, a new Miocene species of scleractinian coral from the Katsuta Group in the Tsuyama area, Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan". Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 50: 5–9.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ann F. Budd; Francesca R. Bosellini (2015). "Revision of Oligocene Mediterranean meandroid corals in the scleractinian families Mussidae, Merulinidae and Lobophylliidae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 14 (9): 771–798. doi:10.1080/14772019.2015.1102171. S2CID 87033166.
^ ^a ^b ^c http://zoobank.org/References/A5731291-9792-464D-87CF-E1DED0C9057E^{[dead link]}
^ ^a ^b Hannes Löser; Patrick Zell (2015). "Revision of the Cretaceous coral family Columastraeidae (Scleractinia)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 277 (2): 153–166. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0510.
^ Julien Denayer (2015). "Rugose corals at the Tournaisian–Viséan transition in the Central Taurides (S Turkey) – Palaeobiogeography and palaeoceanography of the Asian Gondwana margin". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 98: 371–398. Bibcode:2015JAESc..98..371D. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.11.008.
^ Anthony J. Wright (2015). "A new species of the early Silurian operculate coral Goniophyllum from Norway". GFF. 137 (3): 195–196. doi:10.1080/11035897.2015.1006138. S2CID 129370479.
^ Hannes Löser; Consuelo Arias; Lorenzo Vilas (2015). "Aptian-Albian coral faunas from the Sierra de Carche (Prebetic, Murcia, southern Spain)" (PDF). Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 30 (1): 43–64.
^ Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Leleshusia, a new replacement name for Granulina Leleshus, 1975 (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) nec Jousseaume, 1888 (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Marginellidae)". Zootaxa. 3986 (5): 588–590. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3986.5.6. PMID 26250211.
^ Rosemarie C. Baron-Szabo (2015). "Paraclausastrea vorarlbergensis sp. nov.; a new coral from the Lower Cretaceous of western Austria (Scleractinia; upper Barremian-lower Aptian; Schrattenkalk Fm.; Vorarlberg)". Zootaxa. 4032 (3): 327–332. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4032.3.9. PMID 26624368.
^ Markus Reuter; Thomas Wiedl; Werner E. Piller (2015). "Parascolymia (Scleractinia: Lobophylliidae) in the Central Paratethys Sea (Vienna Basin, Austria) and its possible biogeographic implications". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0132243. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1032243R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132243. PMC 4511765. PMID 26201071.
^ Shuji Niko; Masayuki Fujikawa; Takehiko Haikawa (2015). "Pseudoroemeripora sugimurai, a new Permian species of auloporid tabulate coral from the Akiyoshi Limestone Group, Yamaguchi Prefecture". Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 50: 1–4.
^ Hannes Lösser; Jan Sklenář (2015). "The scleractinian coral genus Glenarea (Bohemian Cretaceous Basin)" (PDF). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B, Historia Naturalis. 71 (3–4): 365–376. doi:10.14446/AMNP.2015.365 (inactive 31 December 2022). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-18. Retrieved 2016-07-27.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2022 (link)
^ Hannes Löser (2022). "A new coral family and three new genera from the Lower Cretaceous of Puebla and Sonora (Scleractinia; Mexico)". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 39 (3): 220–229. doi:10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2022.3.1698. S2CID 254387480.
^ Rosemarie Christine Baron-Szabo; Stephen Douglas Cairns (2015). "A new rhizangiid genus from the Miocene of North America (Sclerangia n. gen.; Florida, USA)". Paleontological Contributions. 13: 1–3. hdl:1808/17552.
^ Shuji Niko (2015). "Yakunopora mabutii, a New Species of Tabulate Coral from the Permian Iwaizaki Limestone, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan" (PDF). Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Series C. 41: 25–28.
^ Julien Denayer (2015). "Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography of the late Tournaisian rugose corals of north-western Turkey". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 89 (3): 313–333. doi:10.1007/s12542-014-0245-1. S2CID 129718645.
^ Robert B. Blodgett; Valeryi V. Baranov; Vincent L. Santucci (2015). "Alaskothyris new genus (family Stringocephalidae, subfamily Rensselandiinae) from the Givetian (upper Middle Devonian) of the northwestern Brooks Range, northern Alaska". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 67: 5–8.
^ ^a ^b Adam T. Halamski; Maria Aleksandra Bitner; Andrzej Kaim; Tea Kolar-Jurkovšek; Bogdan Jurkovšek (2015). "Unusual brachiopod fauna from the Middle Triassic algal meadows of Mt. Svilaja (Outer Dinarides, Croatia)". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 553–575. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.34. S2CID 131380210.
^ ^a ^b ^c M. Luisa Martínez Chacón; Cor F. Winkler Prins (2015). "Late Bashkirian-early Moscovian (Pennsylvanian) Productidae (Brachiopoda) from the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)". Geobios. 48 (6): 459–477. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2015.07.007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Leonid E. Popov; Lars E. Holmer; Nigel C. Hughes; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Paul M. Myrow (2015). "Himalayan Cambrian brachiopods". Papers in Palaeontology. 1 (4): 345–399. doi:10.1002/spp2.1017. S2CID 128766012.
^ Jun-ichi Tazawa; Tomohiko Shintani (2015). "Early Permian (Sakmarian) brachiopods from the Nagaiwa‒Sakamotozawa area, South Kitakami Belt, northeastern Japan, Part 3: Productidina". Science Reports of Niigata University. (Geology). 30: 39–55. hdl:10191/32234.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e V. V. Baranov (2015). "New atrypids (Brachiopoda) from the Emsian (Lower Devonian) of Northeast Eurasia". Paleontological Journal. 49 (5): 464–473. doi:10.1134/S0031030115050044. S2CID 88424919.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Juan L. Benedetto (2015). "A Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Dysaerobic Brachiopod Assemblage from the Precordillera Terrane of Argentina: Implications for Early Colonization of Deep Waters". Ameghiniana. 52 (1): 69–106. doi:10.5710/AMGH.05.08.2014.2752. S2CID 129540546.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Jenaro L. García-Alcalde (2015). "La sucesión del Emsiense más alto-Eifeliense basal (Devónico) en el Dominio Astur-Leonés de la Zona Cantábrica (N de España) y su fauna de braquiópodos". Trabajos de Geología. 35: 41–98.
^ ^a ^b G. A. Afanasjeva; Tazawa Jun-ichi; Shintani Tomohiko (2015). "Brachiopods of the order Chonetida from the Lower and Middle Permian of the South Kitakami Mountains, Northeast Japan". Paleontological Journal. 49 (1): 19–25. doi:10.1134/S0031030115010013. S2CID 129760733.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Jenaro L. García-Alcalde; Zarela A. Herrera (2015). "Braquiópodos del Devónico Inferior (Lochkoviense-Praguiense) de la región Cántabro- Celtibérica (España)". Trabajos de Geología. 35: 99–138.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Michal Mergl; Andrea Jiménez-Sánchez (2015). "Lingulate brachiopods from the Suchomasty Limestone (upper Emsian) of the Barrandian, Czech Republic". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (1): 173–193. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1533.
^ ^a ^b Maurizio Gaetani; Nadia Mantovani (2015). "Middle Triassic spiriferoid mentzeliids (Brachiopoda) from Alpine and Mediterranean areas". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 121 (2): 163–194.
^ Bernard Mottequin; George Sevastopulo; Eric Simon (2015). "Micromorph brachiopods from the late Asbian (Mississippian, Visean) from northwest Ireland (Gleniff, County Sligo)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 307–330. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1512.
^ ^a ^b Rémy Gourvennec; İzzet Hoşgör (2015). "Brachiopods and crinoids from the Middle-Upper Devonian boundary beds in the Darende-Gürün and Van-Zincirkıran areas (Eastern Taurus, Turkey)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (3): 577–600. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1526.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Michal Mergl; Zarela Herrera; Enrique Villas; Gladys Ortega (2015). "Lingulate brachiopods from the Lampazar Formation (late Cambrian) of the Cordillera Oriental of northwestern Argentina". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 537–552. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.42. S2CID 131302273.
^ Bernard Mottequin; Fatima Zohra Malti; Madani Benyoucef; Catherine Crônier; Louisa Samar; Carine Randon; Denise Brice (2015). "Famennian rhynchonellides (Brachiopoda) from deep-water facies of the Ougarta Basin (Saoura Valley, Algeria)". Geological Magazine. 152 (6): 1009–1024. Bibcode:2015GeoM..152.1009M. doi:10.1017/S0016756814000697. S2CID 130753334.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Leonid E. Popov; Vachik Hairapetian; David H. Evans; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Lars E. Holmer; Christian Baars (2015). "Review of the Ordovician stratigraphy and fauna of the Anarak Region in Central Iran". Acta Geologica Polonica. 65 (4): 403–435. Bibcode:2015AcGeP..65..403P. doi:10.1515/agp-2015-0019.
^ Leonid E. Popov; Vachik Hairapetian; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Tatiana L. Modzalevskaya (2015). "A new, unusual rhynchonellide with a strophic shell from the Silurian of Iran". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 747–754. doi:10.4202/app.00030.2013.
^ Lea Devaere; Lars Holmer; Sebastien Clausen; Daniel Vachard (2015). "Oldest mickwitziid brachiopod from the Terreneuvian of southern France". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 755–768. doi:10.4202/app.00021.2013.
^ ^a ^b Valeryi V. Baranov; Robert B. Blodgett (2015). "Revision of the rhynchonellid and atrypid brachiopods from the lower Pragian (Devonian) of Southeast Alaska (Heceta Island)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (1): 21–32. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1494.
^ Paul Sartenaer (2015). "Revision of the family Hebetoechiidae Havlíček, 1960, and proposal of three new rhynchonellid (brachiopod) families". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 121 (3): 267–283. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/6518.
^ Yu-juan Liu; Yuan-long Zhao; Yu-ying Liu; Yong-qin Mao (2015). "A preliminary study of Kutorgina Billings, 1861 from the Cambrian "Tsinghsutung Formation" of Guizhou, China". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 54 (3): 342–350.
^ ^a ^b ^c Juan L. Benedetto; Diego F. Muñoz (2015). "Linguloidean brachiopods from the Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) of northwestern Argentina". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 417–430. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1539. hdl:11336/43850.
^ T. N. Smirnova; G. T. Ushatinskaya; E. A. Zhegallo; I. V. Panchenko (2015). "Lingularia Biernat et Emig, 1993 from the Upper Jurassic of western Siberia: Larval and embryonic shells and shell microstructure". Paleontological Journal. 49 (2): 125–133. doi:10.1134/S0031030115020100. S2CID 128683942.
^ Valeryi V. Baranov; Robert B. Blodgett (2015). "Раннедевонские спирифериды (Brachiopoda) Северо-Востока Евразии и Северной Америки". Otechestvennaya Geologiya. 5/2015: 77–82.
^ ^a ^b ^c Yang Zhang; Wei-Hong He; G.R. Shi; Ke-Xin Zhang; Hui-Ting Wu (2015). "A new Changhsingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from the Zhongzhai section (South China) Part 3: Productida". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 39 (3): 295–314. doi:10.1080/03115518.2015.1001186. S2CID 128770202.
^ Christian B. Skovsted; Galina Ushatinskaya; Lars E. Holmer; Leonid E. Popov; Artem Kouchinsky (2015). "Taxonomy, morphology, shell structure and early ontogeny of Pelmanotreta nom. nov. from the lower Cambrian of Siberia". GFF. 137 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1080/11035897.2014.982700. S2CID 129175873.
^ ^a ^b L. Robin; M. Cocks (2015). "The relationships and diversification of Ordovician and Silurian chilidiopsoidean brachiopods". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 14 (8): 703–729. doi:10.1080/14772019.2015.1084655. S2CID 85721844.
^ ^a ^b http://zoobank.org/References/630E7168-319F-40ED-9CFD-81096FF10811^{[dead link]}
^ Sebastián Calzada; Eduvigis Moreno (2015). "Una nueva especie del género Psilothyris". Scripta Musei Geologici Seminarii Barcinonensis [Ser. palaeontologica]. XVIII: 10–22.
^ Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Rukavisсhnikovia, a new replacement name for preoccupied Iliella Rukavishnikova, 1980 (Brachiopoda) non Tschernyshev, 1940 (Crustacea)". Zootaxa. 4052 (4): 478. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4052.4.5. PMID 26701444.
^ Pierre Morzadec; Michal Mergl; Carlos Villarroel; Philippe Janvier; Patrick R. Racheboeuf (2015). "Trilobites and inarticulate brachiopods from the Devonian Floresta Formation of Colombia: a review". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 331–358. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1515.
^ Barbara V. Radulović; Wagih Ayoub-Hannaa; Vladan J. Radulović; Nenad J. Banjac (2015). "Sillakkudirhynchia gen. nov. (Rhynchonellida, Brachiopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) of the Cauvery Basin, southern India: Taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (1): 63–78. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0475.
^ Howard R. Feldman; Mena Schemm-Gregory; Mark A. Wilson; Fayez Ahmad (2015). "Talexirhynchia, a new rhynchonellid genus from the Jurassic Ethiopian Province of Jordan". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 89 (1): 25–35. doi:10.1007/s12542-013-0216-y. S2CID 129095918.
^ ^a ^b ^c D.V. Bezgodova (2015). "A new species of Theodossia Nalivkin (Brachiopoda: Sprirferida) from the Frasnian of Novaya Zemlya" (PDF). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 319 (4): 465–479.
^ ^a ^b ^c Marouf A.M. Abdelhamid; Medhat S. Abdelghany (2015). "Notatudiadema and Aegyptiaris: Two new regular echinoids genera with two new species from the Cenomanian of north Sinai, Egypt". Cretaceous Research. 55: 129–140. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.01.003.
^ Marouf A.M. Abdelhamid; Gamal M.E. El Qot; Medhat S. Abdelghany (2016). "Revision of the Cretaceous echinoids Heterodiadema and Trochodiadema, and description of two new genera from the Middle East and Arabian Peninsula". Cretaceous Research. 57: 1–18. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.006.
^ Ben Thuy; Manfred Kutscher; Bartosz J. Płachno (2015). "A new brittle star from the Early Carboniferous of Poland and its implications on Paleozoic modern-type ophiuroid systematics". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (4): 923–929. doi:10.4202/app.00093.2014.
^ Jeffrey R. Thompson; Jennie Crittenden; Chris L. Schneider; David J. Bottjer (2015). "Lower Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian) echinoids from the Marble Falls Formation, San Saba, Texas, USA". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (1): 79–89. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0479.
^ Rudolf J. Prokop; Martina Nohejlová (2015). "Baficrinus gen. nov. (Crinoidea, Inadunata) from the Bohemian Early Devonian (the Czech Republic)" (PDF). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B-Historia Naturalis. 71 (1–2): 25–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-01-08.
^ Tatsuo Oji; Richard J. Twitchett (2015). "The Oldest Post-Palaeozoic Crinoid and Permian-Triassic Origins of the Articulata (Echinodermata)". Zoological Science. 32 (2): 211–215. doi:10.2108/zs140240. PMID 25826072. S2CID 22200155.
^ Colin D. Sumrall; James Sprinkle (2015). "Unusual ambulacral branching pattern in a new Ordovician giant edrioasteroid, Bizarroglobus". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 353–359. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.30. S2CID 128761846.
^ ^a ^b William I. Ausich; Mark E. Peter; Frank R. Ettensohn (2015). "Echinoderms from the lower Silurian Brassfield Formation of east-central Kentucky". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 245–256. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.20. S2CID 130463772.
^ Christopher R. C. Paul (2015). "Callocystites fresti sp. nov., and the significance of ambulacral branching in the Callocystitidae (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)". Geological Journal. 50 (2): 189–209. doi:10.1002/gj.2545. S2CID 82008911.
^ ^a ^b John-Paul Zonneveld; Carolyn M. Furlong; Shelby C. Sanders (2015). "Triassic echinoids (Echinodermata) from the Aksala Formation, north Lake Laberge, Yukon Territory, Canada". Papers in Palaeontology. 2 (1): 87–100. doi:10.1002/spp2.1032. S2CID 140199457.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2020-03-17. Retrieved 2015-11-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Imran A. Rahman; Sarah E. Stewart; Samuel Zamora (2015). "The youngest ctenocystoids from the Upper Ordovician of the United Kingdom and the evolution of the bilateral body plan in echinoderms (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (1): 39–48. doi:10.4202/app.00048.2013. S2CID 53397800.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ryan FitzGerald Morgan (2015). "Three New Species of Deltoblastus Fay from the Permian of Timor". PLOS ONE. 10 (6): e0127727. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1027727M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127727. PMC 4465186. PMID 26061737.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Craig R. Clement; Carlton E. Brett (2015). "Echinoderm faunas of the Decatur Limestone and Ross Formation (Upper Silurian to Lower Devonian) of west-central Tennessee" (PDF). Bulletins of American Paleontology. 388: 1–111.
^ José Francisco Carrasco (2015). "Echinanthus callosensis (Echinoidea, Eocene) nomen novum pro Echinanthus dorsalis Cotteau, 1889 nomen praeoccupatum" (PDF). Batalleria. 22: 5–6.
^ ^a ^b G.D. Webster; Stephen K. Donovan (2016). "Review and revision of the West Timor Permian Graphiocrinus species of Johannes Wanner". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 497–522. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.10.003.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ben Thuy (2015). "A peri-reefal brittle-star (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) assemblage from the Middle Jurassic of the northeast Paris Basin" (PDF). In Robert Weis; Ben Thuy (eds.). Le Jurassique au Luxembourg (1) - Vertébrés, échinodermes et céphalopodes du Bajocien. Ferrantia 71. Ferrantia: Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. pp. 87–106. ISSN 1682-5519.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sandro Marcelo Scheffler; Vera Maria Medina da Fonseca; Antonio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes (2015). "New crinoids from the Maecuru formation (Middle Eifelian; Amazon Basin, State of Pará, Brazil)". Geobios. 48 (1): 57–69. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2014.11.002.
^ William I. Ausich; Charles R. Stelck; A. Guy Plint; Robin A. Buckley; Piotr J. Angiel (2015). "Early Cretaceous (?early late Albian) echinoderms from northeastern British Columbia, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 52 (4): 235–243. Bibcode:2015CaJES..52..235A. doi:10.1139/cjes-2014-0218.
^ Zai-Chun Yang; Jih-Pai Lin; Yao-Ping Zhang; Yi-Shan Wu; Xue-Yuan Meng (2015). "A new eocrinoid fauna (Cambrian Series 2) from Guizhou Province, South China". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 430–437. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.03.007.
^ G.D. Webster; Xiu-Qin Chen (2015). "Lower Middle Devonian, Eifelian, crinoids from central Guangxi, South China". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 454–459. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.09.001.
^ ^a ^b ^c Arnaud Clément (2015). "Révision des espèces du genre Hemidiadema Agassiz, 1846 (Euechinoidea, Camaradonta, Glyphocyphidae), de l'Aptien (Crétacé inférieur) d'Espagne". Carnets de Géologie. 15 (20): 279–330. doi:10.4267/2042/58204.
^ Bertrand Lefebvre; William I. Ausich; Sébastien Clausen; Philippe Courville; Jean-Paul Kundura; Xavier Legrain; Serge Régnault; Philippe Roussel (2015). "A review of Ordovician crinoids from France: New data from the Darriwilian of the Armorican Massif and palaeobiogeographic implications". Annales de Paléontologie. 101 (4): 301–313. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2015.10.004.
^ Samuel Zamora; Imran A. Rahman; William I. Ausich (2015). "Palaeogeographic implications of a new iocrinid crinoid (Disparida) from the Ordovician (Darriwillian) of Morocco". PeerJ. 3: e1450. doi:10.7717/peerj.1450. PMC 4675106. PMID 26664800.
^ Stephen K. Donovan; David G. Keighley (2015). "A 'British' Silurian crinoid from Quinn Point, New Brunswick, eastern Canada". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 126 (2): 226–231. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.01.006.
^ Lea D. Numberger-Thuy; Ben Thuy (2015). "An unusual echinoderm assemblage from the earliest Bajocian (middle Jurassic) of Luxembourg, with special emphasis on the ophiuroids (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" (PDF). In Robert Weis; Ben Thuy (eds.). Le Jurassique au Luxembourg (1) - Vertébrés, échinodermes et céphalopodes du Bajocien. Ferrantia 71. Ferrantia: Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. pp. 39–52. ISSN 1682-5519.
^ Samuel Zamora; Colin D. Sumrall; James Sprinkle (2015). "New long-stemmed eocrinoid from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation, central Texas". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (1): 189–193. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.16. S2CID 130793961.
^ ^a ^b Christopher R. C. Paul (2015). "A cystoid with two left facets: the significance of Tetracystis in the evolution and classification of the Callocystitidae (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)". Geological Journal. 50 (5): 607–633. doi:10.1002/gj.2578. S2CID 86155820.
^ Sergio Martínez; Claudia del Río (2015). "Fossil Asterozoa (Echinodermata) of Argentina". Revista de Biología Tropical. 63 (Suppl. 2): 1–6.
^ D.B. Blake; S. Zamora; J.L. García-Alcalde (2015). "A new Devonian asteroid-like ophiuroid from Spain" (PDF). Geologica Acta. 13 (4): 335–343. doi:10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.6.
^ ^a ^b ^c Bernhard Hostettler; Ursula Menkveld-Gfeller (2015). "Die Cidariden (Echinoidea, Echinodermata) der Wildegg-Formation (mittleres Oxfordien, Schweizer Jura)" (PDF). Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève. 34 (2): 195–233.
^ ^a ^b James Sprinkle; Colin D. Sumrall (2015). "New edrioasterine and astrocystitid (Echinodermata: Edrioasteroidea) from the Ninemile Shale (Lower Ordovician), central Nevada". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 346–352. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.29. S2CID 129561179.
^ Yuanlong Zhao; Jin Peng; Mengyin Wu; Xiuchun Luo; Rongqin Wen; Yujuan Liu (2015). "A new type eocrinoids of echinoderms from the Balang Formation in Cambrian at Xiasi Town, Majiang County, Guizhou Province, China". Earth Science — Journal of China University of Geosciences. 40 (2): 249–260. doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.018.
^ ^a ^b Thomas E. Guensburg; Beatriz G. Waisfeld (2015). "South America's earliest (Ordovician, Floian) crinoids". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 622–630. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.49. S2CID 131565136.
^ W. I. Ausich; S. V. Rozhnov; T. W. Kammer (2015). "Iocrinid crinoids from the Ordovician of the Baltic Region, Estonia". Paleontological Journal. 49 (2): 145–152. doi:10.1134/S0031030115020069. S2CID 85510047.
^ Dawid Trzęsiok (2015). "Crinoids (Crinoidea, Echinodermata) from the Štramberk-type limestones of Poland". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (2): 155–172. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0472.
^ William I. Ausich; Mark A. Wilson; Olev Vinn (2015). "Wenlock and Pridoli (Silurian) crinoids from Saaremaa, western Estonia (Phylum Echinodermata)". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (1): 72–81. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.6.
^ ^a ^b Peep Männik; C. Giles Miller; Vachik Hairapetian (2015). "A new early Silurian prioniodontid conodont with three P elements from Iran and associated species". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 733–746. doi:10.4202/app.00003.2013. hdl:10141/622016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jian-fei Xiong; Tao Wu; Jun-qi Wang (2015). "Biostratigraphy and correlation of Ordovician conodonts from drilling sites of the northern area of Tarim Basin". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 54 (1): 120–139.
^ ^a ^b ^c Zhor Sarah Aboussalam; Ralph Thomas Becker; Pierre Bultynck (2015). "Emsian (Lower Devonian) conodont stratigraphy and correlation of the Anti-Atlas (Southern Morocco)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (4): 893–980. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1534.
^ Ben Yang; Michael Steiner; Helmut Keupp (2015). "Early Cambrian palaeobiogeography of the Zhenba–Fangxian Block (South China): Independent terrane or part of the Yangtze Platform?". Gondwana Research. 28 (4): 1543–1565. Bibcode:2015GondR..28.1543Y. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.09.020.
^ ^a ^b Ali Murat Kiliç; Pablo Plasencia; Keisuke Ishida; Francis Hirsch (2015). "The case of the Carnian (Triassic) conodont genus Metapolygnathus Hayashi". Journal of Earth Science. 26 (2): 219–223. doi:10.1007/s12583-015-0534-y. S2CID 84609412.
^ ^a ^b Bruce R. Wardlaw; Merlynd K. Nestell (2015). "Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian, West Texas)". Micropaleontology. 61 (4–5): 257–292. doi:10.47894/mpal.61.4.02. S2CID 132061177.
^ Jerzy Dzik (2015). "Evolutionary roots of the conodonts with increased number of elements in the apparatus". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 106 (1): 29–53. doi:10.1017/S1755691015000195. S2CID 55985923.
^ Chengyuan Wang; Fang Zhang (2015). "A new Early Permian conodont species from the Amushan Formation in Xiwuzhumuqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China". Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica. 32 (2): 209–218.
^ ^a ^b ^c Angelo Mossoni; Nicola Carta; Carlo Corradini; Claudia Spalletta (2015). "Conodonts across the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary in SE Sardinia (Italy)" (PDF). Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 371–388.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[ZJLS1754corals-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Nadiezhda Santodomingo; Carden C. Wallace; Kenneth G. Johnson (2015). "Fossils reveal a high diversity of the staghorn coral genera Acropora and Isopora (Scleractinia: Acroporidae) in the Neogene of Indonesia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 175 (4): 677–763. doi:10.1111/zoj.12295.

[FilkornPantojaAlor-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Harry F. Filkorn; Jerjes Pantoja-Alor (2015). "Mexican Cretaceous coral species (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Scleractinia) described as new by Filkorn & Pantoja-Alor (2009), but deemed 'unpublished' under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: republication of data necessary for nomenclatural availability" (PDF). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 72 (1): 93–101. doi:10.21805/bzn.v72i1.a5. S2CID 87954034.

[Australastraea-4] Julien Denayer; Gregory E. Webb (2015). "Cionodendron and related lithostrotionid genera from the Mississippian of eastern Australia: systematics, stratigraphy and evolution". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 39 (3): 315–376. doi:10.1080/03115518.2015.1001218. S2CID 84711514.

[ASGPRugosa-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Jerzy Fedorowski (2015). "Serpukhovian (Early Carboniferous) Rugosa (Anthozoa) from the Lublin Basin, eastern Poland". Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. 85: 221–270.

[6] Rosemarie C. Baron-Szabo (2015). "A new dendrophylliid coral genus Cairnsipsammia from the Lower Cretaceous of western Austria (Anthozoa; Scleractinia; Vorarlberg; Schrattenkalk Formation [upper Barremian-lower Aptian])". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 128 (4): 216–226. doi:10.2988/0006-324X-128.4.216. S2CID 85709658.

[7] Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Chekhovichia, a new generic replacement name for Rotalites Leleshus 1970 (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) non Lamarck 1801 (Protista: Foraminifera)". Zootaxa. 4034 (2): 399–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4034.2.11. PMID 26624450.

[Facies612corals-8] George D. Stanley Jr.; Tetsuji Onoue (2015). "Upper Triassic reef corals from the Sambosan Accretionary Complex, Kyushu, Japan". Facies. 61 (2): Article 1. doi:10.1007/s10347-014-0425-1. S2CID 129889380.

[9] Shuji Niko; Yousuke Ibaraki; Jun-ichi Tazawa (2015). "Devonian tabulate corals from pebbles in Mesozoic conglomerate, Kotaki, Niigata Prefecture, central Japan Part 2: Alveolitina". Science Reports of Niigata University. (Geology). 30: 15–25. hdl:10191/32232.

[Revue341Scleractinia-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Helena Eliášová (2015). "Genres nouveaux et peu connus de coraux Scléractiniaires des calcaires de Štramberk (Jurassique supérieur de République tchèque)" (PDF). Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève. 34 (1): 59–76.

[11] Mélanie Gretz; Bernard Lathuilière; Rossana Martini (2015). "A new coral with simplified morphology from the oldest known Hettangian (Early Jurassic) reef in southern France". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (2): 277–286. doi:10.4202/app.00012.2013.

[12] Shuji Niko; Shigeyuki Suzuki; Eiji Taguchi (2015). "Dendrophyllia okamotoi, a new Miocene species of scleractinian coral from the Katsuta Group in the Tsuyama area, Okayama Prefecture, Southwest Japan". Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 50: 5–9.

[Paraleptoria-13] Ann F. Budd; Francesca R. Bosellini (2015). "Revision of Oligocene Mediterranean meandroid corals in the scleractinian families Mussidae, Merulinidae and Lobophylliidae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 14 (9): 771–798. doi:10.1080/14772019.2015.1102171. S2CID 87033166.

[ParaleptoriaZB-14] ttp://zoobank.org/References/A5731291-9792-464D-87CF-E1DED0C9057E^{[dead link]}

[ColumastraeidaeNJGPA2772-15] Hannes Löser; Patrick Zell (2015). "Revision of the Cretaceous coral family Columastraeidae (Scleractinia)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 277 (2): 153–166. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0510.

[16] Julien Denayer (2015). "Rugose corals at the Tournaisian–Viséan transition in the Central Taurides (S Turkey) – Palaeobiogeography and palaeoceanography of the Asian Gondwana margin". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 98: 371–398. Bibcode:2015JAESc..98..371D. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.11.008.

[17] Anthony J. Wright (2015). "A new species of the early Silurian operculate coral Goniophyllum from Norway". GFF. 137 (3): 195–196. doi:10.1080/11035897.2015.1006138. S2CID 129370479.

[18] Hannes Löser; Consuelo Arias; Lorenzo Vilas (2015). "Aptian-Albian coral faunas from the Sierra de Carche (Prebetic, Murcia, southern Spain)" (PDF). Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 30 (1): 43–64.

[19] Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Leleshusia, a new replacement name for Granulina Leleshus, 1975 (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) nec Jousseaume, 1888 (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Marginellidae)". Zootaxa. 3986 (5): 588–590. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3986.5.6. PMID 26250211.

[20] Rosemarie C. Baron-Szabo (2015). "Paraclausastrea vorarlbergensis sp. nov.; a new coral from the Lower Cretaceous of western Austria (Scleractinia; upper Barremian-lower Aptian; Schrattenkalk Fm.; Vorarlberg)". Zootaxa. 4032 (3): 327–332. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4032.3.9. PMID 26624368.

[21] Markus Reuter; Thomas Wiedl; Werner E. Piller (2015). "Parascolymia (Scleractinia: Lobophylliidae) in the Central Paratethys Sea (Vienna Basin, Austria) and its possible biogeographic implications". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0132243. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1032243R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132243. PMC 4511765. PMID 26201071.

[22] Shuji Niko; Masayuki Fujikawa; Takehiko Haikawa (2015). "Pseudoroemeripora sugimurai, a new Permian species of auloporid tabulate coral from the Akiyoshi Limestone Group, Yamaguchi Prefecture". Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 50: 1–4.

[23] Hannes Lösser; Jan Sklenář (2015). "The scleractinian coral genus Glenarea (Bohemian Cretaceous Basin)" (PDF). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B, Historia Naturalis. 71 (3–4): 365–376. doi:10.14446/AMNP.2015.365 (inactive 31 December 2022). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-18. Retrieved 2016-07-27.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2022 (link)

[24] Hannes Löser (2022). "A new coral family and three new genera from the Lower Cretaceous of Puebla and Sonora (Scleractinia; Mexico)". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 39 (3): 220–229. doi:10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2022.3.1698. S2CID 254387480.

[25] Rosemarie Christine Baron-Szabo; Stephen Douglas Cairns (2015). "A new rhizangiid genus from the Miocene of North America (Sclerangia n. gen.; Florida, USA)". Paleontological Contributions. 13: 1–3. hdl:1808/17552.

[26] Shuji Niko (2015). "Yakunopora mabutii, a New Species of Tabulate Coral from the Permian Iwaizaki Limestone, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan" (PDF). Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Series C. 41: 25–28.

[27] Julien Denayer (2015). "Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography of the late Tournaisian rugose corals of north-western Turkey". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 89 (3): 313–333. doi:10.1007/s12542-014-0245-1. S2CID 129718645.

[28] Robert B. Blodgett; Valeryi V. Baranov; Vincent L. Santucci (2015). "Alaskothyris new genus (family Stringocephalidae, subfamily Rensselandiinae) from the Givetian (upper Middle Devonian) of the northwestern Brooks Range, northern Alaska". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 67: 5–8.

[JPbrachiopodsMtSvilaja-29] Adam T. Halamski; Maria Aleksandra Bitner; Andrzej Kaim; Tea Kolar-Jurkovšek; Bogdan Jurkovšek (2015). "Unusual brachiopod fauna from the Middle Triassic algal meadows of Mt. Svilaja (Outer Dinarides, Croatia)". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 553–575. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.34. S2CID 131380210.

[GeobiosProductidae-30] M. Luisa Martínez Chacón; Cor F. Winkler Prins (2015). "Late Bashkirian-early Moscovian (Pennsylvanian) Productidae (Brachiopoda) from the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)". Geobios. 48 (6): 459–477. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2015.07.007.

[PP14brachiopods-31] Leonid E. Popov; Lars E. Holmer; Nigel C. Hughes; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Paul M. Myrow (2015). "Himalayan Cambrian brachiopods". Papers in Palaeontology. 1 (4): 345–399. doi:10.1002/spp2.1017. S2CID 128766012.

[32] Jun-ichi Tazawa; Tomohiko Shintani (2015). "Early Permian (Sakmarian) brachiopods from the Nagaiwa‒Sakamotozawa area, South Kitakami Belt, northeastern Japan, Part 3: Productidina". Science Reports of Niigata University. (Geology). 30: 39–55. hdl:10191/32234.

[PJ495atrypids-33] V. V. Baranov (2015). "New atrypids (Brachiopoda) from the Emsian (Lower Devonian) of Northeast Eurasia". Paleontological Journal. 49 (5): 464–473. doi:10.1134/S0031030115050044. S2CID 88424919.

[Chilcorthis-34] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Juan L. Benedetto (2015). "A Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Dysaerobic Brachiopod Assemblage from the Precordillera Terrane of Argentina: Implications for Early Colonization of Deep Waters". Ameghiniana. 52 (1): 69–106. doi:10.5710/AMGH.05.08.2014.2752. S2CID 129540546.

[Castrillonia-35] Jenaro L. García-Alcalde (2015). "La sucesión del Emsiense más alto-Eifeliense basal (Devónico) en el Dominio Astur-Leonés de la Zona Cantábrica (N de España) y su fauna de braquiópodos". Trabajos de Geología. 35: 41–98.

[PJ491Chonetida-36] G. A. Afanasjeva; Tazawa Jun-ichi; Shintani Tomohiko (2015). "Brachiopods of the order Chonetida from the Lower and Middle Permian of the South Kitakami Mountains, Northeast Japan". Paleontological Journal. 49 (1): 19–25. doi:10.1134/S0031030115010013. S2CID 129760733.

[Chopinia-37] Jenaro L. García-Alcalde; Zarela A. Herrera (2015). "Braquiópodos del Devónico Inferior (Lochkoviense-Praguiense) de la región Cántabro- Celtibérica (España)". Trabajos de Geología. 35: 99–138.

[SuchomastyLimestone-38] Michal Mergl; Andrea Jiménez-Sánchez (2015). "Lingulate brachiopods from the Suchomasty Limestone (upper Emsian) of the Barrandian, Czech Republic". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (1): 173–193. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1533.

[RISP1212brachiopods-39] Maurizio Gaetani; Nadia Mantovani (2015). "Middle Triassic spiriferoid mentzeliids (Brachiopoda) from Alpine and Mediterranean areas". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 121 (2): 163–194.

[40] Bernard Mottequin; George Sevastopulo; Eric Simon (2015). "Micromorph brachiopods from the late Asbian (Mississippian, Visean) from northwest Ireland (Gleniff, County Sligo)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 307–330. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1512.

[BGGourvennecHosgorbrachiopods-41] Rémy Gourvennec; İzzet Hoşgör (2015). "Brachiopods and crinoids from the Middle-Upper Devonian boundary beds in the Darende-Gürün and Van-Zincirkıran areas (Eastern Taurus, Turkey)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (3): 577–600. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1526.

[Saltaia-42] Michal Mergl; Zarela Herrera; Enrique Villas; Gladys Ortega (2015). "Lingulate brachiopods from the Lampazar Formation (late Cambrian) of the Cordillera Oriental of northwestern Argentina". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 537–552. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.42. S2CID 131302273.

[43] Bernard Mottequin; Fatima Zohra Malti; Madani Benyoucef; Catherine Crônier; Louisa Samar; Carine Randon; Denise Brice (2015). "Famennian rhynchonellides (Brachiopoda) from deep-water facies of the Ougarta Basin (Saoura Valley, Algeria)". Geological Magazine. 152 (6): 1009–1024. Bibcode:2015GeoM..152.1009M. doi:10.1017/S0016756814000697. S2CID 130753334.

[AGP654brachiopods-44] Leonid E. Popov; Vachik Hairapetian; David H. Evans; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Lars E. Holmer; Christian Baars (2015). "Review of the Ordovician stratigraphy and fauna of the Anarak Region in Central Iran". Acta Geologica Polonica. 65 (4): 403–435. Bibcode:2015AcGeP..65..403P. doi:10.1515/agp-2015-0019.

[45] Leonid E. Popov; Vachik Hairapetian; Mansoureh Ghobadi Pour; Tatiana L. Modzalevskaya (2015). "A new, unusual rhynchonellide with a strophic shell from the Silurian of Iran". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 747–754. doi:10.4202/app.00030.2013.

[46] Lea Devaere; Lars Holmer; Sebastien Clausen; Daniel Vachard (2015). "Oldest mickwitziid brachiopod from the Terreneuvian of southern France". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 755–768. doi:10.4202/app.00021.2013.

[BGHecetabrachiopods-47] Valeryi V. Baranov; Robert B. Blodgett (2015). "Revision of the rhynchonellid and atrypid brachiopods from the lower Pragian (Devonian) of Southeast Alaska (Heceta Island)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (1): 21–32. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1494.

[48] Paul Sartenaer (2015). "Revision of the family Hebetoechiidae Havlíček, 1960, and proposal of three new rhynchonellid (brachiopod) families". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 121 (3): 267–283. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/6518.

[49] Yu-juan Liu; Yuan-long Zhao; Yu-ying Liu; Yong-qin Mao (2015). "A preliminary study of Kutorgina Billings, 1861 from the Cambrian "Tsinghsutung Formation" of Guizhou, China". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 54 (3): 342–350.

[Torobolus-50] Juan L. Benedetto; Diego F. Muñoz (2015). "Linguloidean brachiopods from the Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) of northwestern Argentina". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 417–430. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1539. hdl:11336/43850.

[51] T. N. Smirnova; G. T. Ushatinskaya; E. A. Zhegallo; I. V. Panchenko (2015). "Lingularia Biernat et Emig, 1993 from the Upper Jurassic of western Siberia: Larval and embryonic shells and shell microstructure". Paleontological Journal. 49 (2): 125–133. doi:10.1134/S0031030115020100. S2CID 128683942.

[52] Valeryi V. Baranov; Robert B. Blodgett (2015). "Раннедевонские спирифериды (Brachiopoda) Северо-Востока Евразии и Северной Америки". Otechestvennaya Geologiya. 5/2015: 77–82.

[AlcheringaProductida-53] Yang Zhang; Wei-Hong He; G.R. Shi; Ke-Xin Zhang; Hui-Ting Wu (2015). "A new Changhsingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from the Zhongzhai section (South China) Part 3: Productida". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 39 (3): 295–314. doi:10.1080/03115518.2015.1001186. S2CID 128770202.

[54] Christian B. Skovsted; Galina Ushatinskaya; Lars E. Holmer; Leonid E. Popov; Artem Kouchinsky (2015). "Taxonomy, morphology, shell structure and early ontogeny of Pelmanotreta nom. nov. from the lower Cambrian of Siberia". GFF. 137 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1080/11035897.2014.982700. S2CID 129175873.

[JSPchilidiopsoideans-55] L. Robin; M. Cocks (2015). "The relationships and diversification of Ordovician and Silurian chilidiopsoidean brachiopods". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 14 (8): 703–729. doi:10.1080/14772019.2015.1084655. S2CID 85721844.

[JSPchilidiopsoideansZB-56] ttp://zoobank.org/References/630E7168-319F-40ED-9CFD-81096FF10811^{[dead link]}

[57] Sebastián Calzada; Eduvigis Moreno (2015). "Una nueva especie del género Psilothyris". Scripta Musei Geologici Seminarii Barcinonensis [Ser. palaeontologica]. XVIII: 10–22.

[58] Alexander B. Doweld (2015). "Rukavisсhnikovia, a new replacement name for preoccupied Iliella Rukavishnikova, 1980 (Brachiopoda) non Tschernyshev, 1940 (Crustacea)". Zootaxa. 4052 (4): 478. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4052.4.5. PMID 26701444.

[59] Pierre Morzadec; Michal Mergl; Carlos Villarroel; Philippe Janvier; Patrick R. Racheboeuf (2015). "Trilobites and inarticulate brachiopods from the Devonian Floresta Formation of Colombia: a review". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 331–358. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1515.

[60] Barbara V. Radulović; Wagih Ayoub-Hannaa; Vladan J. Radulović; Nenad J. Banjac (2015). "Sillakkudirhynchia gen. nov. (Rhynchonellida, Brachiopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) of the Cauvery Basin, southern India: Taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (1): 63–78. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0475.

[61] Howard R. Feldman; Mena Schemm-Gregory; Mark A. Wilson; Fayez Ahmad (2015). "Talexirhynchia, a new rhynchonellid genus from the Jurassic Ethiopian Province of Jordan". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 89 (1): 25–35. doi:10.1007/s12542-013-0216-y. S2CID 129095918.

[PZIRASTheodossia-62] D.V. Bezgodova (2015). "A new species of Theodossia Nalivkin (Brachiopoda: Sprirferida) from the Frasnian of Novaya Zemlya" (PDF). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 319 (4): 465–479.

[CR55echinoids-63] Marouf A.M. Abdelhamid; Medhat S. Abdelghany (2015). "Notatudiadema and Aegyptiaris: Two new regular echinoids genera with two new species from the Cenomanian of north Sinai, Egypt". Cretaceous Research. 55: 129–140. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.01.003.

[64] Marouf A.M. Abdelhamid; Gamal M.E. El Qot; Medhat S. Abdelghany (2016). "Revision of the Cretaceous echinoids Heterodiadema and Trochodiadema, and description of two new genera from the Middle East and Arabian Peninsula". Cretaceous Research. 57: 1–18. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.006.

[65] Ben Thuy; Manfred Kutscher; Bartosz J. Płachno (2015). "A new brittle star from the Early Carboniferous of Poland and its implications on Paleozoic modern-type ophiuroid systematics". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (4): 923–929. doi:10.4202/app.00093.2014.

[66] Jeffrey R. Thompson; Jennie Crittenden; Chris L. Schneider; David J. Bottjer (2015). "Lower Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian) echinoids from the Marble Falls Formation, San Saba, Texas, USA". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (1): 79–89. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0479.

[67] Rudolf J. Prokop; Martina Nohejlová (2015). "Baficrinus gen. nov. (Crinoidea, Inadunata) from the Bohemian Early Devonian (the Czech Republic)" (PDF). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B-Historia Naturalis. 71 (1–2): 25–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-01-08.

[68] Tatsuo Oji; Richard J. Twitchett (2015). "The Oldest Post-Palaeozoic Crinoid and Permian-Triassic Origins of the Articulata (Echinodermata)". Zoological Science. 32 (2): 211–215. doi:10.2108/zs140240. PMID 25826072. S2CID 22200155.

[69] Colin D. Sumrall; James Sprinkle (2015). "Unusual ambulacral branching pattern in a new Ordovician giant edrioasteroid, Bizarroglobus". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 353–359. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.30. S2CID 128761846.

[JP892BrassfieldFm-70] William I. Ausich; Mark E. Peter; Frank R. Ettensohn (2015). "Echinoderms from the lower Silurian Brassfield Formation of east-central Kentucky". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 245–256. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.20. S2CID 130463772.

[71] Christopher R. C. Paul (2015). "Callocystites fresti sp. nov., and the significance of ambulacral branching in the Callocystitidae (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)". Geological Journal. 50 (2): 189–209. doi:10.1002/gj.2545. S2CID 82008911.

[Clabergensis-72] John-Paul Zonneveld; Carolyn M. Furlong; Shelby C. Sanders (2015). "Triassic echinoids (Echinodermata) from the Aksala Formation, north Lake Laberge, Yukon Territory, Canada". Papers in Palaeontology. 2 (1): 87–100. doi:10.1002/spp2.1032. S2CID 140199457.

[73] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2020-03-17. Retrieved 2015-11-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[74] Imran A. Rahman; Sarah E. Stewart; Samuel Zamora (2015). "The youngest ctenocystoids from the Upper Ordovician of the United Kingdom and the evolution of the bilateral body plan in echinoderms (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (1): 39–48. doi:10.4202/app.00048.2013. S2CID 53397800.

[PLoSONEDeltoblastus-75] Ryan FitzGerald Morgan (2015). "Three New Species of Deltoblastus Fay from the Permian of Timor". PLOS ONE. 10 (6): e0127727. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1027727M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127727. PMC 4465186. PMID 26061737.

[Probalocrinus-76] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Craig R. Clement; Carlton E. Brett (2015). "Echinoderm faunas of the Decatur Limestone and Ross Formation (Upper Silurian to Lower Devonian) of west-central Tennessee" (PDF). Bulletins of American Paleontology. 388: 1–111.

[77] José Francisco Carrasco (2015). "Echinanthus callosensis (Echinoidea, Eocene) nomen novum pro Echinanthus dorsalis Cotteau, 1889 nomen praeoccupatum" (PDF). Batalleria. 22: 5–6.

[PalaeoworldGraphiocrinus-78] G.D. Webster; Stephen K. Donovan (2016). "Review and revision of the West Timor Permian Graphiocrinus species of Johannes Wanner". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 497–522. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.10.003.

[ThuybrittlestarsParisBasin-79] Ben Thuy (2015). "A peri-reefal brittle-star (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) assemblage from the Middle Jurassic of the northeast Paris Basin" (PDF). In Robert Weis; Ben Thuy (eds.). Le Jurassique au Luxembourg (1) - Vertébrés, échinodermes et céphalopodes du Bajocien. Ferrantia 71. Ferrantia: Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. pp. 87–106. ISSN 1682-5519.

[GeobiosMaecuruFmcrinoids-80] Sandro Marcelo Scheffler; Vera Maria Medina da Fonseca; Antonio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes (2015). "New crinoids from the Maecuru formation (Middle Eifelian; Amazon Basin, State of Pará, Brazil)". Geobios. 48 (1): 57–69. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2014.11.002.

[81] William I. Ausich; Charles R. Stelck; A. Guy Plint; Robin A. Buckley; Piotr J. Angiel (2015). "Early Cretaceous (?early late Albian) echinoderms from northeastern British Columbia, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 52 (4): 235–243. Bibcode:2015CaJES..52..235A. doi:10.1139/cjes-2014-0218.

[82] Zai-Chun Yang; Jih-Pai Lin; Yao-Ping Zhang; Yi-Shan Wu; Xue-Yuan Meng (2015). "A new eocrinoid fauna (Cambrian Series 2) from Guizhou Province, South China". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 430–437. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.03.007.

[83] G.D. Webster; Xiu-Qin Chen (2015). "Lower Middle Devonian, Eifelian, crinoids from central Guangxi, South China". Palaeoworld. 24 (4): 454–459. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.09.001.

[CGHemidiadema-84] Arnaud Clément (2015). "Révision des espèces du genre Hemidiadema Agassiz, 1846 (Euechinoidea, Camaradonta, Glyphocyphidae), de l'Aptien (Crétacé inférieur) d'Espagne". Carnets de Géologie. 15 (20): 279–330. doi:10.4267/2042/58204.

[85] Bertrand Lefebvre; William I. Ausich; Sébastien Clausen; Philippe Courville; Jean-Paul Kundura; Xavier Legrain; Serge Régnault; Philippe Roussel (2015). "A review of Ordovician crinoids from France: New data from the Darriwilian of the Armorican Massif and palaeobiogeographic implications". Annales de Paléontologie. 101 (4): 301–313. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2015.10.004.

[86] Samuel Zamora; Imran A. Rahman; William I. Ausich (2015). "Palaeogeographic implications of a new iocrinid crinoid (Disparida) from the Ordovician (Darriwillian) of Morocco". PeerJ. 3: e1450. doi:10.7717/peerj.1450. PMC 4675106. PMID 26664800.

[87] Stephen K. Donovan; David G. Keighley (2015). "A 'British' Silurian crinoid from Quinn Point, New Brunswick, eastern Canada". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 126 (2): 226–231. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.01.006.

[88] Lea D. Numberger-Thuy; Ben Thuy (2015). "An unusual echinoderm assemblage from the earliest Bajocian (middle Jurassic) of Luxembourg, with special emphasis on the ophiuroids (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" (PDF). In Robert Weis; Ben Thuy (eds.). Le Jurassique au Luxembourg (1) - Vertébrés, échinodermes et céphalopodes du Bajocien. Ferrantia 71. Ferrantia: Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. pp. 39–52. ISSN 1682-5519.

[89] Samuel Zamora; Colin D. Sumrall; James Sprinkle (2015). "New long-stemmed eocrinoid from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation, central Texas". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (1): 189–193. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.16. S2CID 130793961.

[GJ505Paul-90] Christopher R. C. Paul (2015). "A cystoid with two left facets: the significance of Tetracystis in the evolution and classification of the Callocystitidae (Echinodermata, Glyptocystitoida)". Geological Journal. 50 (5): 607–633. doi:10.1002/gj.2578. S2CID 86155820.

[91] Sergio Martínez; Claudia del Río (2015). "Fossil Asterozoa (Echinodermata) of Argentina". Revista de Biología Tropical. 63 (Suppl. 2): 1–6.

[92] D.B. Blake; S. Zamora; J.L. García-Alcalde (2015). "A new Devonian asteroid-like ophiuroid from Spain" (PDF). Geologica Acta. 13 (4): 335–343. doi:10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.6.

[RdP342Echinoidea-93] Bernhard Hostettler; Ursula Menkveld-Gfeller (2015). "Die Cidariden (Echinoidea, Echinodermata) der Wildegg-Formation (mittleres Oxfordien, Schweizer Jura)" (PDF). Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève. 34 (2): 195–233.

[JPNinemileShale-94] James Sprinkle; Colin D. Sumrall (2015). "New edrioasterine and astrocystitid (Echinodermata: Edrioasteroidea) from the Ninemile Shale (Lower Ordovician), central Nevada". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (2): 346–352. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.29. S2CID 129561179.

[95] Yuanlong Zhao; Jin Peng; Mengyin Wu; Xiuchun Luo; Rongqin Wen; Yujuan Liu (2015). "A new type eocrinoids of echinoderms from the Balang Formation in Cambrian at Xiasi Town, Majiang County, Guizhou Province, China". Earth Science — Journal of China University of Geosciences. 40 (2): 249–260. doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.018.

[Quechuacrinus-96] Thomas E. Guensburg; Beatriz G. Waisfeld (2015). "South America's earliest (Ordovician, Floian) crinoids". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (4): 622–630. doi:10.1017/jpa.2015.49. S2CID 131565136.

[97] W. I. Ausich; S. V. Rozhnov; T. W. Kammer (2015). "Iocrinid crinoids from the Ordovician of the Baltic Region, Estonia". Paleontological Journal. 49 (2): 145–152. doi:10.1134/S0031030115020069. S2CID 85510047.

[98] Dawid Trzęsiok (2015). "Crinoids (Crinoidea, Echinodermata) from the Štramberk-type limestones of Poland". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 276 (2): 155–172. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0472.

[99] William I. Ausich; Mark A. Wilson; Olev Vinn (2015). "Wenlock and Pridoli (Silurian) crinoids from Saaremaa, western Estonia (Phylum Echinodermata)". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (1): 72–81. doi:10.1017/jpa.2014.6.

[Arianagnathus-100] Peep Männik; C. Giles Miller; Vachik Hairapetian (2015). "A new early Silurian prioniodontid conodont with three P elements from Iran and associated species". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (3): 733–746. doi:10.4202/app.00003.2013. hdl:10141/622016.

[Postoistodus-101] Jian-fei Xiong; Tao Wu; Jun-qi Wang (2015). "Biostratigraphy and correlation of Ordovician conodonts from drilling sites of the northern area of Tarim Basin". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 54 (1): 120–139.

[BG904conodonts-102] Zhor Sarah Aboussalam; Ralph Thomas Becker; Pierre Bultynck (2015). "Emsian (Lower Devonian) conodont stratigraphy and correlation of the Anti-Atlas (Southern Morocco)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (4): 893–980. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1534.

[103] Ben Yang; Michael Steiner; Helmut Keupp (2015). "Early Cambrian palaeobiogeography of the Zhenba–Fangxian Block (South China): Independent terrane or part of the Yangtze Platform?". Gondwana Research. 28 (4): 1543–1565. Bibcode:2015GondR..28.1543Y. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.09.020.

[Hayashiella-104] Ali Murat Kiliç; Pablo Plasencia; Keisuke Ishida; Francis Hirsch (2015). "The case of the Carnian (Triassic) conodont genus Metapolygnathus Hayashi". Journal of Earth Science. 26 (2): 219–223. doi:10.1007/s12583-015-0534-y. S2CID 84609412.

[Hcapitanensis-105] Bruce R. Wardlaw; Merlynd K. Nestell (2015). "Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian, West Texas)". Micropaleontology. 61 (4–5): 257–292. doi:10.47894/mpal.61.4.02. S2CID 132061177.

[106] Jerzy Dzik (2015). "Evolutionary roots of the conodonts with increased number of elements in the apparatus". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 106 (1): 29–53. doi:10.1017/S1755691015000195. S2CID 55985923.

[107] Chengyuan Wang; Fang Zhang (2015). "A new Early Permian conodont species from the Amushan Formation in Xiwuzhumuqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, China". Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica. 32 (2): 209–218.

[BGconodontsSardinia-108] Angelo Mossoni; Nicola Carta; Carlo Corradini; Claudia Spalletta (2015). "Conodonts across the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary in SE Sardinia (Italy)" (PDF). Bulletin of Geosciences. 90 (2): 371–388.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[98]

[99]

[100]

Plants[edit]

Cnidarians[edit]

Arthropods[edit]

Bryozoans[edit]

Brachiopods[edit]

Molluscs[edit]

Echinoderms[edit]

Conodonts[edit]

Fishes[edit]

Amphibians[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Temnospondyls[edit]

Lepospondyls[edit]

Lissamphibians[edit]

Diadectomorphs[edit]

Ichthyosauromorphs[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Sauropterygians[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Lepidosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Rhynchocephalians[edit]

Lizards[edit]

Snakes[edit]

Turtles[edit]

Archosauriformes[edit]

Pseudosuchians[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Non-avian dinosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Birds[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Pterosaurs[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Other[edit]

Other reptiles[edit]

Synapsids[edit]

Non-mammalian synapsids[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Mammals[edit]

Other animals[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Other organisms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]