2016 in paleontology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
List of years in paleontology (table)
In paleobotany
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In arthropod paleontology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In paleoentomology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In paleomalacology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In paleoichthyology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In reptile paleontology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In archosaur paleontology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
In mammal paleontology
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2016.

Flora[edit]

Plants[edit]

Fungi[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Cultoraquaticus[2]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Strullu-Derrien in Strullu-Derrien et al.

Early Devonian

Rhynie chert

 United Kingdom

A fungus belonging to the group Chytridiomycetes.
The type species is C. trewini.

Dennisiellinites[3]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Bannister, Conran & Lee

Eocene

Pikopiko Fossil Forest

 New Zealand

A fungus. Genus includes new species D. pikopikoensis .

Gerontomyces[4]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Poinar

Eocene

Baltic amber

Europe (Baltic Sea coast)

A gilled mushroom. The type species is G. lepidotus.

Hypoxylonites foyelensis[5]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bianchinotti, Martínez & Saxena in Martínez et al.

Paleogene (probably Eocene)

Troncoso Formation

 Argentina

A fungus described on the basis of spores.

Monodictysporites[6]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Klymiuk

Ypresian

Allenby Formation
Princeton Chert

 Canada
( British Columbia)

A ascomycotan fungal spore taxon.
The type species is M. princetonensis.
Likely hosted on Dennstaedtiopsis aerenchymata

Paleocadus[7]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Poinar

Cretaceous

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

An Eccrinaceous fungus. Type species P. burmiticus.

Pluricellaesporites patagonicus[5]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bianchinotti, Martínez & Saxena in Martínez et al.

Paleogene

 Argentina

A fungus described on the basis of spores resembling those of members of the genus Bactrodesmium.

Trewinomyces[8]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Krings, Taylor & Martin

Early Devonian

Rhynie chert

 United Kingdom

A fungus of uncertain phylogenetic placement,
showing similarities to Macrochytrium (Chytridiomycota) and Blastocladiella (Blastocladiomycota) species.
The type species is T. annulifer.

Cnidarians[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aphyllum pachystele[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (late Wenlock)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Tryplasmatidae.

Aulokoninckophyllum potyi[12]

Sp. nov

Valid

Somerville, Rodríguez & Said

Carboniferous

Azrou-Khenifra Basin

 Morocco

An aulate coral.

Axuolites higoensis[13]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko

Silurian (Ludlow)

Fukami Formation

 Japan

A tabulate coral belonging to the order Favositida and the family Coenitidae.

Bjarmia[14]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Grazhdankin

Late Ediacaran (~550 Ma)

Erga Formation

 Russia

A jellyfish-like organism, a possible relative of scyphomedusae. Genus includes new species B. cycloplerusa.

Byronia jaegeri[15]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vinn et al.

Ordovician (Katian)

 Estonia

A possible thecate scyphozoan.

Calceola collini[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wright, Plusquellec & Gourvennec

Devonian (Eifelian)

Saint-Fiacre Formation

 France

An operculate coral belonging to the family Calceolidae; a species of Calceola.

Cambroctoconus coreaensis[17]

Sp. nov

Valid

Park et al.

Cambrian

Daegi Formation

 South Korea

A stem-cnidarian.

Caninophyllum charli[18]

Sp. nov

Valid

Denayer

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Yılanlı Formation

 Turkey

A rugose coral belonging to the family Bothrophyllidae; a species of Caninophyllum.

Cystodactylon[19]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Denayer & Webb

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Gudman Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral. Genus includes new species C. orbum.

Dokophyllum hillae[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (Ludfordian)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Ketophyllidae.

Edaphophyllum zhaotongense[20]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liao & Ma

Devonian (Emsian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Eoaequorea[21]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Tang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A member of Hydrozoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Eoaequorea xingi.

Eosiderastrea[22]

Gen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Löser

Cretaceous (late Valanginian to Santonian)

 Austria
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Iran
 Italy
 Japan
 Mexico
 Poland
 Spain
 Ukraine
 United States
 Uzbekistan

A stony coral belonging to the family Siderastreidae. The type species is "Siderastrea" cuyleri Wells (1932); genus also includes "Phyllocoenia" cotteaui Orbigny (1850), "Diploastrea" crassa Kuzmicheva (1980), "Diploastrea" crassicostata Morycowa & Masse (1998), "Phyllocoenia" cyclops Felix (1891), "Confusastrea" dollfusi Prever (1909), "Confusastrea" felixi Prever (1909); "Stephanocoenia" grandipora Orbigny (1849), "Diploastrea" harrisi Wells (1932), "Diploastrea" hilli Wells (1933), "Montastraea" nagaoi Eguchi (1951), "Pleurocora" reussi Milne Edwards (1857), "Diplocoenia" splendida Prever (1909), "Diploastrea" vaughani Wells (1933) and "Plesiofavia" villaltai Reig Oriol (1991), as well as new species E. paragrandipora Löser (2016) and E. stefani Löser (2016).[23]

Famastraea[24]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Berkowski, Zapalski & Wrzołek

Devonian (Famennian)

 Poland

A coral belonging to the group Rugosa and the family Campophyllidae. The type species is Famastraea catenata.

Fomichevella najafi[25]

Sp. nov

Valid

Badpa et al.

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

Sardar Formation

 Iran

A member of Rugosa belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Kleopatrinidae.

Gertholites haikawai[26]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko & Fujikawa

Early Carboniferous

Akiyoshi Limestone Group

 Japan

A tabulate coral.

Gerviphyllum[16]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Wright, Plusquellec & Gourvennec

Early Devonian (likely late Lochkovian to early Pragian)

 France

An operculate coral belonging to the family Calceolidae; a new genus for "Calceola" gervillei Bayle (1878).

Gudmania[19]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Denayer & Webb

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Gudman Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral. Genus includes new species G. darumbalae.

Heintzella fluegeli[25]

Sp. nov

Valid

Badpa et al.

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

Sardar Formation

 Iran

A member of Rugosa belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Kleopatrinidae.

Kullingia rotadiscopsis[21]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A member of Hydrozoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a species of Kullingia.

Madrepora mitsukurii[27]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko, Suzuki & Taguchi

Miocene

Katsuta Group

 Japan

A madrepore.

Marekostragulum grafi[28]

Sp. nov

Valid

Plusquellec, Galle & Franke

Devonian (Emsian)

 Germany

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Hyostragulidae.

Mesoconularia (?) lukesi[29]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mergl, Ferrova & Frýda

Devonian (late Emsian)

Suchomasty Limestone

 Czech Republic

A member of Conulariida, possibly a species of Mesoconularia.

?Michelinia vinni[30]

Sp. nov

Valid

Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek

Devonian (late Famennian)

 Poland

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Micheliniidae; possibly a species of Michelinia.

Multicarinophyllum vepreculatum[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (Ludfordian)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Amsdenoididae.

Oligophylloides maroccanus[31]

Sp. nov

Valid

Weyer

Devonian (late Famennian)

 Morocco

A member of Heterocorallia.

Palaeosiderofungia[22]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Löser

Cretaceous (Aptian to Santonian)

 Austria
 Czech Republic
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Serbia

A stony coral belonging to the family Siderastreidae; a new genus for "Thamnasteria" exigua Reuss (1854).

Parostragulum[28]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Plusquellec, Galle & Franke

Devonian (Emsian)

 Germany

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Hyostragulidae. The type species is P. problematicum.

Pleurodictyum goldfussi[32]

Sp. nov

Valid

Plusquellec & Franke

Devonian (Emsian)

Wiltz Beds

 Germany
 Luxembourg

A tabulate coral belonging to group Favositida and to the family Micheliniidae.

Pleurodictyum pruemensis[32]

Sp. nov

Valid

Plusquellec & Franke

Devonian (Emsian)

Wiltz Beds

 Germany

A tabulate coral belonging to group Favositida and to the family Micheliniidae.

Potyphyllum[33]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Coen-Aubert

Devonian (late Frasnian)

 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 France
 Germany
 Poland
 Russia
 United Kingdom

A rugose coral belonging to the family Phillipsastreidae. The type species is "Cyathophyllum" ananas Goldfuss (1826); genus also includes "Pseudoacervularia" dybowskii Różkowska (1953), "Pseudoacervularia" intercellulosa (Phillips, 1841) sensu Pickett (1967), "Schlüteria" lyskovensis Ermakova (1957), "Acervularia" macrommata Roemer (1855), "Phillipsastrea" plantana Różkowska (1979), "Cyathophyllum" profundum Michelin (1845), "Phillipsastrea" rozkowskae Scrutton (1968), "Pseudoacervularia" cf. smithi (Różkowska, 1953) sensu Pickett (1967), "Phillipsastrea" ananas veserensis Coen-Aubert (1974) and "Phillipsastrea" zerda Galle, 1992 in Hladil et al. (1992).

Preisingerella[34]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kossovaya, Novak & Weyer

Early Permian

 Slovenia

A coral similar to members of the genus Caninia. The type species is P. stegovnikensis.

Ptychophyllum variatum[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (late Gorstian to Ludfordian)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Ptychophyllidae.

Pycnostylus polyphyllodus[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (late Wenlock)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Pycnostylidae.

Sokolovia[35]

Gen. et sp. nov

Junior homonym

Tsyganko

Late Devonian (Famennian)

 Russia
( Komi Republic)

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Pachyporidae. The type species is Sokolovia pershinae. The generic name is preoccupied by Sokolovia Ilovaisky (1934) and Sokolovia Shishkinskaya (1964).

Spinaxon[36]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Weyer

Devonian (late Frasnian)

 France
 Germany

A member of Rugosa belonging to the family Petraiidae. The type species is Spinaxon potyi.

Syringopora hilarowiczi[30]

Sp. nov

Valid

Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek

Devonian (late Famennian)

 Poland

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Syringoporidae; a species of Syringopora.

Syringopora kowalensis[30]

Sp. nov

Valid

Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek

Devonian (late Famennian)

 Poland

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Syringoporidae; a species of Syringopora.

Talfania[37]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Peel & McDermott

Ordovician (Katian)

Sholeshook Limestone Formation

 United Kingdom

A solitary coral. The type species is Talfania calicula.

Thamnoptychia mistiaeni[30]

Sp. nov

Valid

Zapalski, Berkowski & Wrzołek

Devonian (late Famennian)

 Poland

A tabulate coral belonging to the family Pachyporidae; a species of Thamnoptychia.

Turbinolia (Turbinolia) deformis[38]

Sp. nov

Valid

Berezovsky in Berezovsky & Berezovsky

Eocene

 Ukraine

A stony coral.

Turbinolia (Turbinolia) emendata[38]

Sp. nov

Valid

Berezovsky in Berezovsky & Berezovsky

Eocene

 Ukraine

A stony coral.

Utaratuia yunnanensis[20]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liao & Ma

Devonian (Eifelian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Vassiljukia[39]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Denayer & Ogar

Carboniferous (Viséan)

 Turkey
 Ukraine

A colonial rugose coral; a new genus for "Lithostrotion" columnariformis Vassiljuk (1960).

Vesicospina[11]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Munson & Jell

Silurian (Ludfordian)

Jack Formation

 Australia

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kyphophyllidae. The type species is V. julli.

Vulykhia[40]

Nom. nov

Valid

Doweld

Late Ordovician

 Mongolia

An anthozoan belonging to the superfamily Heliolitoidea; a replacement name for Concavites Bondarenko & Minzhin (1981).

Arthropods[edit]

Bryozoans[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Anisotrypa kjarkiensis[41]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

 Armenia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Trepostomata and the family Anisotrypidae.

Beisselina skyscanica[42]

Sp. nov

Valid

Koromyslova & Pakhnevich

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

 Belarus

A bryozoan belonging to the group Ascophora and the family Tessaradomidae; a species of Beisselina.

Celleporaria pirabasensis[43]

Sp. nov

Valid

Muricy et al.

Oligocene-Miocene

Pirabas Formation

 Brazil

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cheilostomata and the family Lepraliellidae.

Celleporaria triangulavicularis[43]

Sp. nov

Valid

Muricy et al.

Oligocene-Miocene

Pirabas Formation

 Brazil

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cheilostomata and the family Lepraliellidae.

Dybowskiella hupehensiformis[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Cystoporata belonging to the family Fistuliporidae.

Dyscritella lii[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Trepostomata belonging to the family Dystritellidae.

Ehrhardina[45]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[46]

Martha & Taylor

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

 France
 Germany
 United Kingdom

A bryozoan belonging to the group Flustrina and the family Onychocellidae. The type species is Ehrhardina voigti; genus also includes Ehrhardina pikeae.

Eridotrypella danzikensis[47]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Devonian (Famennian)

 Azerbaijan

A bryozoan belonging to the group Trepostomata and the family Eridotrypellidae.

Etherella tibetensis[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Cystoporata belonging to the family Etherellidae.

Fistuliphragma moniliformis[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mesentseva

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cystoporida.

Fistuliphragma sibirica[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mesentseva

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cystoporida.

Fistulipora sakagamii[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China
 Thailand

A member of Cystoporata belonging to the family Fistuliporidae.

Fistulipora salairiensis[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mesentseva

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cystoporida.

Fistuliramus fasciculus[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mesentseva

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cystoporida.

Fistulocladia cincinnata[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mesentseva

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cystoporida.

Margaretta amplipora[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Gaikwad

Cenozoic

 India

An ascophoran belonging to the family Margarettidae.

Margaretta guhai[49]

Nom. nov

Valid

Sonar & Gaikwad

Cenozoic

 India

An ascophoran belonging to the family Margarettidae.

Margaretta hariparensis[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Gaikwad

Cenozoic

 India

An ascophoran belonging to the family Margarettidae.

Metastenodiscus[50]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Ernst, Schäfer & Grant-Mackie

Late Triassic

 New Caledonia
 New Zealand

A trepostome bryozoan. A new genus for "Stenodiscus" zealandicus Schäfer & Grant-Mackie (1994) and "Stenodiscus" kawhiae Schäfer & Grant-Mackie (1994).

Nikiforopora arpaensis[41]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

 Azerbaijan

A bryozoan belonging to the group Trepostomata and the family Stenoporidae.

Pachydermopora grodnoensis[42]

Sp. nov

Valid

Koromyslova & Pakhnevich

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

 Belarus

A bryozoan belonging to the group Ascophora and the family Tessaradomidae; a species of Pachydermopora.

Petalotrypa myunkhbalaensis[47]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Devonian (Famennian)

 Azerbaijan

A bryozoan belonging to the group Trepostomata.

Planicellaria walsariensis[51]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Pawar

Cenozoic

 India

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cheilostomata and the family Calloporidae.

Protoretepora irregularis[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Fenestrata belonging to the family Polyporidae.

Pyriporella charopadiensis[51]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Pawar

Cenozoic

 India

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cheilostomata and the family Calloporidae.

Pyriporella vadsariensis[51]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Pawar

Cenozoic

 India

A bryozoan belonging to the group Cheilostomata and the family Calloporidae.

Rectifenestella famenniensis[47]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Devonian (Famennian)

 Azerbaijan

A bryozoan belonging to the family Fenestellidae.

Rectifenestella kadrluiensis[47]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Devonian (Famennian)

 Armenia

A bryozoan belonging to the family Fenestellidae.

Stenophragmidium buckhornensis[52]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst et al.

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Boggy Formation

 United States
( Oklahoma)

Streblotrypa (Streblotrypa) heltzelae[52]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst et al.

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Boggy Formation

 United States
( Oklahoma)

Streblotrypa (Streblotrypa) parviformis[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Cryptostomata belonging to the family Hyphasmoporidae.

Tabuliporella nakhichevanica[41]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

 Azerbaijan

A bryozoan belonging to the group Trepostomata and the family Crustoporidae.

Tibetiporella[44]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Zongba Formation

 China

A member of Fenestrata belonging to the family Polyporidae. The type species is T. ornata.

Timanotrypa australis[44]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst

Permian

Noonkanbah Formation
Rat Buri Limestone
Zongba Formation

 Australia
 China
 Thailand

A member of Cryptostomata belonging to the family Timanodictyidae.

Zigzagopora[53]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wilson & Taylor

Ordovician (Sandbian)

Bromide Formation

 United States
( Oklahoma)

A cyclostome bryozoan. Genus includes new species Z. wigleyensis.

Brachiopods[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Acritosia ogamensis[54]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tazawa et al.

Early Permian (Kungurian)

Nabeyama Formation

 Japan

Acrosaccus scutatus[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Discinidae.

Anathyris (Anathyris) calestiennensis[56]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mottequin et al.

Devonian (Frasnian)

Nismes Formation

 Belgium

Angulispirifer[57]

Gen. et comb. nov

Junior synonym

Waterhouse

Permian

 Australia

A member of Spiriferida. Genus includes "Spirifer" phalaena Dana (1849). Lee et al. (2023) subsequently considered the genus Angulispirifer to be a junior synonym of the genus Sulciplica.[58]

Anisopleurella antiqua[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Sowerbyellidae.

Apatobolus anoskelidion[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Obolidae.

Atansoria australis[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Obolidae.

Atryparia (Costatrypa) agricolae[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Halamski & Baliński in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Atrypidae.

Aulacothyris maendlii[61]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sulser

Middle Jurassic (Callovian)

  Switzerland

A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Zeilleriidae.

Aulacothyris waikatoensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Bellimurina fluctuosa[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Strophomenidae.

Biernatia pseudoplana[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Engelbretsen in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Biernatiidae.

Biernatia wrighti[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Engelbretsen in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Biernatiidae.

Biernatium minus[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baliński in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Mystrophoridae.

Buxtonia inexpletucosta[63]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez & Sour-Tovar

Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian)

Ixtaltepec Formation

 Mexico

A member of Productoidea.

Canalilatus musculosus[64]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival, Engelbretsen & Peng

Cambrian

Huaqiao Formation

 China

A lingulate brachiopod belonging to the family Zhanatellidae.

Centreplicatus[65]

Gen. nov

Valid

Zeng,Zhang & Han in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Pentamerida belonging to the family Pentameridae.

Cerasinella[66]

Nom. nov

Valid

Copper

Silurian (Llandovery)

Merrimack Formation

 Canada
( Quebec)

An atrypoid brachiopod; a replacement name for Cerasina Copper (1995) (preoccupied).

Chapinella belkovskensis[67]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov, Sokiran & Blodgett

Devonian (Famennian)

Nerpalakhsk Formation

 Russia
( Sakha Republic)

A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Pugnacidae.

Chilcatreta[68]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Lavié & Benedetto

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

San Juan Formation

 Argentina

A siphonotretid brachiopod. Genus includes new species C. tubulata.

Crispithyris[62]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida. Genus includes new species C. nauarchus.

Cyrtina transcaucasica[69]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gretchishnikova & Oleneva in Oleneva

Devonian (Givetian)

 Azerbaijan

A member of Spiriferinida belonging to the family Cyrtinidae.

Davidsonia enmerkaris[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Halamski in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Davidsoniidae.

Dictyoclostus transversum[63]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez & Sour-Tovar

Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian)

Ixtaltepec Formation

 Mexico

A member of Productoidea.

Disculina mancenidoi[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Dolerorthis nadruvensis[70]

Sp. nov

Valid

Paškevičius & Hints

Ordovician (Katian)

 Lithuania

A member of Orthida belonging to the family Hesperorthidae.

Dulankarella hyrcanica[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Leptellinidae.

Dyoros (Lissosia) maya[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez, Sour-Tovar & Barragán

Permian (Leonardian)

Paso Hondo Formation

 Mexico

Echinocoelia parva[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baliński in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Ambocoeliidae.

Eochonetes maearum[72]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bauer & Stigall

Late Ordovician

 United States
( Wyoming)

Eochonetes minerva[72]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bauer & Stigall

Late Ordovician

 United States
( Texas)

Eochonetes voldemortus[72]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bauer & Stigall

Late Ordovician

Saturday Mountain Formation

 United States
( Idaho)

Eoconulus puteus[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Engelbretsen in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Eoconulidae.

Eolingularia[73]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Bitner & Emig

Carboniferous to Triassic

 China
 Russia
 Spain

A member of Lingulata belonging to the group Lingulida and the family Lingulidae. The type species is "Lingularia" siberica Biernat & Emig (1993).

Experilingula larga[64]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival, Engelbretsen & Peng

Cambrian

Huaqiao Formation

 China

A member of Obolidae.

Flexaria magna[63]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez & Sour-Tovar

Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian)

Ixtaltepec Formation

 Mexico

A member of Productoidea.

Globiella kamiyassensis[74]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tazawa

Permian (Wordian)

 Japan

Glossella cuyanica[68]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lavié & Benedetto

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

San Juan Formation

 Argentina

Gondwanorthis[75]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid[76]

Benedetto & Muñoz

Early Ordovician

 Argentina
 Iran

A plectorthoid brachiopod. A new genus for "Nanorthis" calderensis Benedetto (2007); genus also includes "Nanorthis" bastamensis Ghobadi Pour, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Popov (2011).

Gowanella[77]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hiller

Late Cretaceous (probably Maastrichtian)

Broken River Formation

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida related to Ostreathyris. The type species is G. capralis.

Grandispirifer qaidamensis[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lee, Shi & Chen in Shi et al.

Carboniferous (Serpukhovian)

Huaitoulata Formation

 China

A member of Spiriferoidea belonging to the family Spiriferidae.

Gretchispirifer[69]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Oleneva

Devonian (EmsianEifelian)

Sharur Formation

 Azerbaijan

A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Adolfiidae. The type species is G. dagnensis.

Gundaria[79]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Angiolini et al.

Permian

 Tajikistan

The type species is G. insolita.

Harperoides[80]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Pragian)

Soda Creek Limestone

 United States
( Alaska)

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the subfamily Mesodouvillininae. The type species is Harperoides alaskensis.

Hemileurus politus[79]

Sp. nov

Valid

Angiolini et al.

Permian

 Tajikistan

Holcothyris campbelli[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Hubeinomena[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

Disputed

Zeng,Chen & Han in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Sinomenidae. Genus includes new species H. wangjiawanensis. Rong et al. (2019) considered it to be a junior synonym of Coolinia.[81]

Hustedia shumardi[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez, Sour-Tovar & Barragán

Permian (Leonardian)

Paso Hondo Formation

 Mexico

Inflatia coodzavuii[63]

Sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez & Sour-Tovar

Carboniferous (late Mississippian, middle Pennsylvanian)

Ixtaltepec Formation

 Mexico

A member of Productoidea.

Iridistrophia (Flabellistrophia)[82]

Subgen. et comb. sp. nov

Valid

Jansen

Devonian (late Emsian to Eifelian)

 Germany
 Venezuela?

A member of Chilidiopsidae; a subgenus of Iridistrophia. The type species is "Orthis" hipponyx Schnur (1851); the subgenus also includes new species Iridistrophia (Flabellistrophia) musculosa and possibly also "Orthis" undifera Schnur (1853) and Iridistrophia dendritica Benedetto (1984).

Ishimia inflata[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Leptellinidae.

Isogramma nakamurai[74]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tazawa

Permian (Wordian)

 Japan

Jakutoproductus lenensis[83]

Sp. nov

Valid

Makoshin

Early Permian

 Russia

Jakutoproductus talchanensis[83]

Sp. nov

Valid

Makoshin

Early Permian

 Russia

Kjaerina (Kjaerina) gondwanensis[84]

Sp. nov

Valid

Colmenar

Ordovician (late SandbianKatian)

Gabian Formation
Glauzy Formation
Louredo Formation
Portixeddu Formation

 France
 Italy
 Portugal

A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a species of Kjaerina.

Kjaerina (Villasina)[84]

Subgen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Colmenar

Ordovician (Katian)

Cavá Formation
Gabian Formation
Portilla de Luna Limestones
Portixeddu Formation
Porto de Santa Anna Formation
Punta Serpeddi Formation
Rosan Formation

 France
 Italy
 Portugal
 Spain

A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a subgenus of Kjaerina. The type species of the subgenus is Kjaerina (Villasina) pedronaensis; the subgenus also contains "Hedstroemina" almadenensis Villas (1995), as well as new species Kjaerina (Villasina) meloui and Kjaerina (Villasina) pyrenaica.

Koneviella? fuscina[64]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival, Engelbretsen & Peng

Cambrian

Huaqiao Formation

 China

A lingulate brachiopod belonging to the family Zhanatellidae.

Kutchithyris challinori[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Kutchithyris waitomoensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Lacunites jaroslavi[85]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mergl & Kraft

Early Ordovician

Klabava Formation

 Czech Republic

A paterinate brachiopod.

Lampazarorthis[75]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid[76]

Benedetto & Muñoz

Early Ordovician

 Argentina

A plectorthoid brachiopod. A new genus for "Eoorthis" bifurcata Harrington (1937); genus also includes "Nanorthis" brachymyaria Benedetto in Benedetto & Carrasco (2002), as well as new species Lampazarorthis alata.

Lepidomena multiplicata[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Leptellinidae.

Leptathyris gornensis[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baliński in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Athyrididae.

Liaous[86]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

He & Chen in He et al.

Middle Triassic (early Anisian)

Xinyuan Formation

 China

A relative of Mentzelia and Paramentzelia. The type species is Liaous shaiwensis.

Loboidothyris awakinoensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Loboidothyris grantmackiei[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Loboidothyris marokopaensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Lyonia rochacamposi[87]

Sp. nov

Valid

Taboada et al.

Early Permian (latest Asselian-earliest Sakmarian)

Taciba Formation

 Brazil

A member of Productida belonging to the family Auriculispinidae, a species of Lyonia.

Mendozotreta[88]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Holmer et al.

Ordovician

Antelope Valley Limestone
Lindero Formation

 Argentina
 United States
( Nevada)

A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae. The type species is "Conotreta" devota Krause & Rowell (1975).

Mesoleptostrophia belli[89]

Sp. nov

Valid

Earp

Early Devonian

Montys Hut Formation

 Australia

Minutella bulgarica[90]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bitner & Motchurova-Dekova

Miocene (Badenian)

 Bulgaria

Minutomena[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Zeng,Zhang & Han in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of the family Strophomenidae. Genus includes new species M. yichangensis.

Minutorthis[65]

Gen. nov

Valid

Zeng,Chen & Zhang in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Orthida belonging to the family Toxorthidae.

Monelasmina montisjosephi[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baliński in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Draboviidae.

Nasakia[91]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Streng et al.

Cambrian

Henson Gletscher Formation

 Greenland

A member of Rhynchonelliformea belonging to the class Obolellata and the order Naukatida. The type species is Nasakia thulensis.

Numericoma rowelli[88]

Sp. nov

Valid

Holmer et al.

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Antelope Valley Limestone
Ponon Trehue Formation

 Argentina
 United States
( Nevada)

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Ephippelasmatidae.

Nushbiella kleithria[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Percival in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Siphonotretidae.

Obliquorhynchia[92]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Schrøder, Lauridsen & Surlyk

Paleocene (Danian)

Faxe Formation
Vigny Formation

 Denmark
 France
 Sweden

A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the superfamily Pugnacoidea and the family Basiliolidae; a new genus for "Terebratula" flustracea von Buch (1834).

Orthis dehmollaensis[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Orthida belonging to the family Orthidae.

Paramirorthis[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

Disputed

Zeng,Wang & Peng in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of the family Dalmanellidae. Genus includes new species P. minuta. Rong et al. (2019) considered it to be a junior synonym of Mirorthis.[81]

Paraspirifer (Laurentispirifer)[82]

Subgen. et comb. nov

Valid

Jansen

Middle Devonian

 United States
 Venezuela

A subgenus of Paraspirifer. The type species is Paraspirifer conradi Godefroid & Fagerstrom (1983); the subgenus also includes "Delthyris" acuminata Conrad (1839), "Terebratula" acuminatissima de Castelnau (1843), "Spirifer" bownockeri Stewart (1927), Paraspirifer halli Godefroid & Fagerstrom (1983) and Paraspirifer clarkei Godefroid & Fagerstrom (1983).

Paraspirifer (Mosellospirifer)[82]

Subgen. et comb. nov

Valid

Jansen

Devonian (late Emsian to early Eifelian

 Germany
 Canada?
 China?

A subgenus of Paraspirifer. The type species is Paraspirifer sandbergeri Solle (1971); the subgenus also includes Spirifer auriculatus Sandberger & Sandberger (1856), Paraspirifer sandbergeri longimargo Solle (1971) (elevated to species rank), Paraspirifer eos Solle (1971) and Paraspirifer sandbergeri nepos Solle (1971). The subgenus might also include Paraspirifer gigantea Su (1976) and Paraspirifer desbiensi Bizzarro & Lespérance (1999).

Parazhanatella[64]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Percival, Engelbretsen & Peng

Cambrian

Huaqiao Formation

 China

A lingulate brachiopod belonging to the family Zhanatellidae. The type species is P. paibia.

Pedderia[80]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Pragian)

Soda Creek Limestone

 United States
( Alaska)

A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Pygmaellidae. The type species is Pedderia fragosa.

Phragmorthis shahrudensis[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Orthida belonging to the family Phragmorthidae.

Prospira pseudostruniana[93]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mottequin & Brice

Devonian (late Famennian)

Etrœungt Formation

 France

A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Spiriferidae.

Psygmakantha[55]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Percival in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Ephippelasmatidae. The type species is P. malachiensis.

Punctospirifer gerankalasus[69]

Sp. nov

Valid

Oleneva

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

 Azerbaijan

A member of Spiriferinida belonging to the family Punctospiriferidae.

Qaidamospirifer[78]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Chen, Lee & Shi in Shi et al.

Carboniferous (Serpukhovian)

Huaitoulata Formation

 China

A member of Spiriferoidea belonging to the family Choristitidae. The type species is Q. elongatus.

Rafinesquina (Mesogeina)[84]

Subgen. et comb. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Colmenar

Ordovician (Katian)

Bohdalec Formation
Fombuena Formation
Gabian Formation
Lower Ktaoua Formation
Porto de Santa Anna Formation
Upper Tiouririne Formation
Zahorany Formation

 Czech Republic
 France
 Germany
 Morocco
 Portugal
 Spain

A rafinesquinid strophomenid brachiopod, a subgenus of Rafinesquina. The type species of the subgenus is "Leptaena" pseudoloricata Barrande (1848); the subgenus also includes Rafinesquina pomoides Havlíček (1971), as well as new species Rafinesquina (Mesogeina) gabianensis and Rafinesquina (Mesogeina) loredensis.

Rhipidomella magna[74]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tazawa

Permian (Wordian)

 Japan

Rogorthis? oriens[59]

Sp. nov

Valid

Popov, Kebriaee-Zadeh & Pour

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lashkarak Formation

 Iran

A member of Orthida belonging to the family Orthidae.

Sampo suduvensis[70]

Sp. nov

Valid

Paškevičius & Hints

Late Ordovician

 Lithuania
 Russia
( Kaliningrad Oblast)

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Leptestiidae.

Sartenaerirhynchus[82]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Jansen

Devonian (middle Siegenian to late Emsian)

 Belgium
 Germany
 Luxembourg

A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the superfamily Uncinuloidea. The type species is "Terebratula" antiqua Schnur (1853); genus also includes "Uncinulus" frontecostatus Drevermann (1902)

Scaphelasma quadratum[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Engelbretsen in Percival et al.

Ordovician

 Australia

A member of Lingulata belonging to the family Scaphelasmatidae.

Schizocrania equestra[94]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mergl & Nolčová

Ordovician (Katian)

Bohdalec Formation

 Czech Republic

A member of Discinoidea belonging to the family Trematidae.

Septaliphoria felberi[61]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sulser

Middle Jurassic (Callovian)

  Switzerland

A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the superfamily Hemithiridoidea and the family Cyclothyrididae.

Siberioproductus[67]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Baranov, Sokiran & Blodgett

Devonian (Famennian)

Chekursk Formation

 Russia
( Sakha Republic)

A member of Rhynchonelliformea belonging to the group Productida and the family Productellidae. The type species is S. boreus.

Sinomena[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

Disputed

Zeng,Chen & Han in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Sinomenidae. Genus includes new species S. typica. Rong et al. (2019) considered it to be a junior synonym of Eostropheodonta.[81]

Skenidioides cretus[60]

Sp. nov

Valid

Halamski in Baliński, Racki & Halamski

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Poland

A member of Skenidiidae.

Spinobolus[95]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Zhang et al.

Cambrian

Shuijingtuo Formation

 China

A linguloid brachiopod. The type species is Spinobolus popovi.

Tapongaspirifer[89]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Earp

Early Devonian

Montys Hut Formation

 Australia

A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Filispiriferidae. The type species is Tapongaspirifer melodiae.

Tasmanospirifer[57][58]

Gen. et sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Waterhouse

Permian

 Australia

A member of Spiriferida. Genus includes new species T. clarkei, as well as "Spirifer" tasmaniensis Morris (1845).

Taungurungetes[89]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Earp

Early Devonian

Montys Hut Formation
Norton Gully Sandstone

 Australia

A possible member of Devonochonetinae. The type species is "Chonetes" taggertyensis Gill (1945) from the Montys Hut Formation; genus also contains second, unnamed species from the Norton Gully Sandstone.

Terebratulina leeae[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Terebratulina putiensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Thaerodonta notabile[96]

Sp. nov

Valid

Paškevičius

Ordovician (Katian)

Kaimynai Formation

 Lithuania

Thulatrypa[97]

Gen. et sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Huang et al.

Silurian

 China
 Norway

An atrypoid brachiopod. The type species is Thulatrypa gregaria; genus also contains "Meifodia" orientalis Rong, Xu & Yang (1974).

Tomteluva[91]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Streng et al.

Cambrian

Stephen Formation

 Canada
( British Columbia)

A member of Rhynchonelliformea belonging to the class Obolellata and the order Naukatida. The type species is Tomteluva perturbata.

Trentingula[98]

Gen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Posenato

Late Permian and Early Triassic

 Hungary
 Italy
 United States
( Wyoming)

A member of Linguloidea belonging to the family Lingulidae. The type species is T. lorigae; genus also includes new species T. mazzinensis and T. prinothi, as well as Trentingula borealis (Bittner, 1899).

Triangulospirifer[78]

Nom. nov

Valid

Lee in Shi et al.

Carboniferous

 United Kingdom

A member of Spiriferida. A replacement name for Triangularia Poletaev (2001).

Trimena[65]

Gen. nov

Valid

Zeng,Wang & Peng in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Plectambonitoidea belonging to the family Xenambonitidae.

Waddingtonia[57]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Waterhouse

Devonian

Delorme Formation

 Canada
( Yukon)

A member of Spiriferida. The type species is "Reticulariopsis" warreni Perry (1984).

Weberproductus[63]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Torres-Martínez & Sour-Tovar

Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian)

Ixtaltepec Formation

 Mexico

A member of Productoidea. Genus includes new species W. donajiae.

Wenjukovispirifer[69]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Oleneva

Devonian (Famennian)

 Russia

A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Cyrtospiriferidae. The type species is "Spirifer" koscharicus Ljaschenko (1959); genus also includes "Spirifer" archiaci Murchison (1840), "Spirifer" brodi Wenjukov (1886) and W. lebedjanicus (Nalivkin, 1947).

Yichangomena[65]

Gen. et sp. nov

Disputed

Zeng,Zhang & Han in Zeng et al.

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 China

A member of Strophomenida belonging to the family Sinomenidae. Genus includes new species Y. dingjiapoensis. Rong et al. (2019) considered it to be a junior synonym of Eostropheodonta.[81]

Zeilleria opuatiaensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Zeilleria waiohipaensis[62]

Sp. nov

Valid

MacFarlan

Jurassic

 New Zealand

A member of Terebratulida.

Molluscs[edit]

Echinoderms[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Alternocidaris[99]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

El Qot, Abdelhamid, & Abdelghany

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian, possibly Turonian)

 Egypt

A sea urchin belonging to the group Camarodonta and the family Glyphocyphidae. The type species is "Tiaridia" weldoni Fourtau (1921).

Applinocrinus russelli[100]

Sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Prairie Bluff Formation

 United States
( Mississippi)

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Saccocomidae.

Apsidocrinus doreckae[102]

Sp. nov

Valid

Konieczyński, Pisera & Fózy

Early Cretaceous

 Hungary

A cyrtocrinid crinoid, a species of Apsidocrinus.

Arabicodiadema[103]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

Abdelhamid, El Qot & Abdelghany

Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian)

 Oman
 United Arab Emirates

A heterodiadematid sea urchin. The type species is "Trochodiadema" dhofarense Roman (1991); genus also includes new species Arabicodiadema alii.

Atalopegaster[104]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Blake & Guensburg

Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)

Swift Formation

 United States
( Montana)

A starfish belonging to the family Stichasteridae. The type species is A. gundersoni.

Bystrowicrinus (col.) depressus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Donovan & Keighley

Late Silurian

West Point Formation

 Canada
( Quebec)

A crinoid.

Calliderma lindneri[106]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niebuhr & Seibertz

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

Schmilka Formation

 Germany

A starfish belonging to the family Goniasteridae, a species of Calliderma.

Carolinaster[107]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio

Eocene

Castle Hayne Limestone

 United States
( North Carolina)

A heart urchin belonging to the family Prenasteridae. Genus includes new species C. varnami.

Comptoniaster michaelisi[106][108]

Nom. nov

Valid

Niebuhr & Seibertz

Late Cretaceous (middle Turonian to middle Coniacian)

 Czech Republic
 Germany
 Poland

A starfish belonging to the family Goniasteridae; a replacement name for Asterias schulzii Cotta sensu Roemer (1840, 1841).

Costatocrinus[100]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

Taylor Formation

 United Kingdom
 United States
( Texas)

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Saccocomidae. The type species is C. brydonei; genus also includes C. mortimorei.

Cultellacrinus[100]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 Sweden
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is C. gladius; genus also includes C. labyrinthus.

Cunidentechinus[109]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Smith

Early Jurassic

 United Kingdom

A stem-carinacean sea urchin; a new genus for "Echinus" minutus Buckman in Murchison (1845).

Darwinaster[110]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hunter, Rushton & Stone

Early Devonian

Fox Bay Formation

 Falkland Islands

A brittle star related to members of the genus Protaster. Genus includes new species D. coleenbiggsae.

Echinolampas andalusiensis[107]

Sp. nov

Valid

Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio

Eocene

Moodys Branch Formation

 United States
( Alabama)

A sea urchin belonging to the family Echinolampadidae.

Gitolampas twitchelli[107]

Sp. nov

Valid

Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio

Eocene

Santee Limestone

 United States
( South Carolina)

A sea urchin belonging to the group Cassiduloida.

Glyptocrinus nodosus[111]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kallmeyer & Ausich

Ordovician (Katian)

Kope Formation

 United States
( Kentucky
 Ohio)

A camerate crinoid, a species of Glyptocrinus.

Goniopygus macrotuberculatus[99]

Sp. nov

Valid

El Qot, Abdelhamid, & Abdelghany

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

Raha Formation

 Egypt

A sea urchin belonging to the group Arbacioida and the family Acropeltidae.

Goniopygus subaequalis[99]

Sp. nov

Valid

El Qot, Abdelhamid, & Abdelghany

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

Raha Formation

 Egypt

A sea urchin belonging to the group Arbacioida and the family Acropeltidae.

Haimea brooksi[107]

Sp. nov

Valid

Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio

Eocene

Ocala Limestone

 United States
( Florida)

A sea urchin belonging to the group Oligopygoida.

Hessicrinus[100]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is H. filigree; genus also includes H. scalaensis.

Hiiumaacrinus[112]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Wilson

Silurian (Rhuddanian)

Hilliste Formation

 Estonia

A crinoid. Genus includes new species H. vinni.

Jakeocrinus[100]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)

Taylor Formation

 United States
( Texas)

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is J. ellisensis.

Lakotacrinus[113]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hunter et al.

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

Pierre Shale

 United States
( South Dakota)

A stalked crinoid. The type species is L. brezinai.

Lehmannaster[114]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre

Ordovician (late Darriwilian)

Traveusot Formation

 France

A stenuroid asterozoan. Genus includes new species L. spinosus.

Lopidiaster[114]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre

Ordovician (Floian)

Garden City Formation

 United States
( Utah)

A stenuroid asterozoan. Genus includes new species L. jamisoni.

Loriolidiadema[103]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Abdelhamid, El Qot & Abdelghany

Cretaceous (Aptian-Cenomanian)

 Egypt
 Portugal
Border region between  Syria and  Lebanon

A heterodiadematid sea urchin. The type species is "Pseudodiadema" libanoticum de Loriol (1887); genus also includes Loriolidiadema sculptile (de Loriol, 1887).

Lucernacrinus[100]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is L. woodi.

Maennilocystis[115]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Paul & Rozhnov

Late Ordovician

 Estonia

A cystoid belonging to the family Callocystitidae. The type species is M. heckeri.

Manfredaster praebulbiferus[106]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niebuhr & Seibertz

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Coniacian)

Dölzschen Formation
Schrammstein Formation
Strehlen Formation

 Germany

A starfish belonging to the group Valvatida and the family Stauranderasteridae.

Mariania comaschicariae[116]

Sp. nov

Valid

Stara, Borghi & Kroh

Miocene (Aquitanian to early Burdigalian)

Nurallao Formation

 Italy

A heart urchin belonging to the superfamily Spatangoidea, a species of Mariania.

Mariania stefaninii[116]

Sp. nov

Valid

Stara, Borghi & Kroh

Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian)

Pantano Formation

 Italy

A heart urchin belonging to the superfamily Spatangoidea, a species of Mariania.

Meturaster[114]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre

Ordovician (middle Darriwilian)

Lehman Formation

 United States
( Nevada)

A starfish. Genus includes new species M. belli.

Monophoraster telfordi[117]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mooi, Martínez & del Río

Early Miocene

Chenque Formation

 Argentina

A sand dollar.

Nucleolites usoi[118]

Sp. nov

Valid

Forner i Valls

Early Cretaceous (Barremian)

Artoles Formation

 Spain

A sea urchin.

Osteocrinus sinensis[119]

Sp. nov

Valid

Hess, Etter & Hagdorn

Late Triassic (early Carnian)

Xiaowa Formation

 China

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida, a species of Osteocrinus.

Pentamerocrinus kosovi[120]

Sp. nov

Valid

Rozhnov

Ordovician

 Russia
( Leningrad Oblast)

A crinoid belonging to the group Inadunata, a species of Pentamerocrinus.

Petraster crozonensis[114]

Sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre

Ordovician (early Katian)

Kermeur Formation

 France

A starfish.

Phyllocrinus bersekensis[102]

Sp. nov

Valid

Konieczyński, Pisera & Fózy

Early Cretaceous

 Hungary

A cyrtocrinid crinoid, a species of Phyllocrinus.

Placentinechinus[121]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[122]

Borghi & Garilli

Pleistocene (GelasianCalabrian)

 Italy

A sea urchin belonging to the family Temnopleuridae. The type species is P. davolii.

Plagiochasma saurai[118]

Sp. nov

Valid

Forner i Valls

Early Cretaceous (Barremian)

Artoles Formation

 Spain

A sea urchin.

Platelicrinus longispinus[100]

Sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae.

Protaeropsis[123]

Nom. nov

Valid

Doweld

Paleocene (Thanetian)

 Spain

A heart urchin; a replacement name for Sphenaster Jeffery in Smith et al. (1999).

Protaxocrinus estoniensis[112]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Wilson

Silurian (Rhuddanian)

Hilliste Formation

 Estonia

A crinoid.

Pseudomilnia[109]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Smith

Middle Jurassic

 France
 United Kingdom

A salenioidan sea urchin; a new genus for "Acrosalenia" miliaria Paris (1908).

Sagittacrinus[100]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)

Taylor Formation

 United Kingdom
 United States
( Texas)

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Saccocomidae. The type species is S. torpedo.

Salenia buddyi[107]

Sp. nov

Valid

Osborn, Mooi & Ciampaglio

Eocene

Santee Limestone

 United States
( South Carolina)

A sea urchin belonging to the group Salenioida.

Schuchertia sprinklei[114]

Sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre

Ordovician (Dapingian)

Kanosh Shale

 United States
( Utah)

A starfish.

Stellacrinus[100]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[101]

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian and Campanian)

Gulpen Formation
Taylor Formation
Vaals Formation

 Netherlands
 Sweden
 United Kingdom
 United States
( Texas)

A crinoid belonging to the group Articulata and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is S. hugesae; genus also includes S. pannosus.

Stomechinus phillipsii[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Smith

Jurassic

 United Kingdom

A sea urchin.

Thinocrinus akanthos[124]

Sp. nov

Valid

Rhenberg, Ausich & Meyer

Carboniferous (Mississippian)

Fort Payne Formation

 United States
( Kentucky)

A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida and the family Actinocrinitidae.

Trochotiara aalensis[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Smith

Middle Jurassic

 United Kingdom

A sea urchin.

Wrightechnus[109]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Smith

Middle Jurassic

 France
 United Kingdom

A sea urchin, possibly a stem-salenioidan; a new genus for "Acrosalenia" lycetti Wright (1851).

Conodonts[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Amydrotaxis corniculans truncus[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Cypricriodus[126][127]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Murphy, Carls & Valenzuela-Ríos

Silurian and Early Devonian

 Australia
 United States
( Nevada)

Genus includes "Caudicriodus" hesperius (Klapper & Murphy, 1975).

Eognathodus kuangi[128]

Sp. nov

Valid

Earp

Early Devonian

 China

Eognathodus sulcatus lanei[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Eognathodus sulcatus sicatus[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Booth Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Gladigondolella okayi[129]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kiliç

Triassic

Kayabaşı Limestone

 Turkey

Gondolella wardlawi[130]

Sp. nov

Valid

Nestell & Pope in Nestell, Wardlaw & Pope

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Excello Shale

 United States
( Iowa)

Heliagnathus[125]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is H. parvilabiatus.

Icriodus ampliatus[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Prioniodontida belonging to the family Icriodontidae.

Icriodus michiganus[131]

Sp. nov

Valid

Narkiewicz & Bultynck

Devonian (Eifelian)

Michigan Basin

 United States

Icriodus praealternatus ferus[132]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Late Devonian (Frasnian/Famennian boundary)

Hongguleleng Formation

 China

A subspecies of Icriodus praealternatus.

Icriodus plurinodosus[132]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Late Devonian (early Famennian)

Hongguleleng Formation

 China

A species of Icriodus.

Icriodus stenoancylus junggarensis[132]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Late Devonian (early Famennian)

Hongguleleng Formation

 China

A subspecies of Icriodus stenoancylus.

Idiognathodus lateralis[133]

Sp. nov

Valid

Hogancamp, Barrick & Strauss

Carboniferous (early Gzhelian)

 China
 Russia
 Ukraine
 United States

Originally described as a species of Idiognathodus, but subsequently transferred to the genus Heckelina.[134]

Idiognathodus tuberis[130]

Sp. nov

Valid

Nestell, Wardlaw & Pope

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Excello Shale

 United States
( Iowa)

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Idiognathodontidae.

Neogondolella cuneiforme[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)

Neogondolella curva[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neogondolella dilacerata[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)

Originally described as a species of Neogondolella, but subsequently transferred to the genus Magnigondolella.[136]

Neogondolella hastata[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neogondolella indicta[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neogondolella panlaurentia[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neogondolella tenera[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neogondolella vellicata[135]

Sp. nov

Valid

Golding & Orchard

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

 Canada
( British Columbia)
 United States
( Nevada)

Neopolygnathus huijunae[132]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Late Devonian (early Famennian)

Hongguleleng Formation

 China

A species of Neopolygnathus.

Neospathodus planus[137]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen et al.

Early Triassic

 Slovenia

Originally described as a species of Neospathodus; Bai et al. (2021) argued that it should be reassigned to the genus Triassospathodus.[138]

Oulodus astriatus[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Booth Limestone

 Australia

A member of Prioniodinida belonging to the family Prioniodinidae.

Ozarkodina multistriola[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Ozarkodina scoliciformis[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Ozarkodina selfi cordata[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Ozarkodina selfi lanceola[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Ozarkodina selfi lenticula[125]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of Ozarkodinida belonging to the family Spathognathodontidae.

Panderodus rhytiodus[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Mountain Dam Limestone

 Australia

A member of the family Panderodontidae.

Pelekysgnathus inequalis[125]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mathieson et al.

Early Devonian

Booth Limestone

 Australia

A member of Prioniodontida belonging to the family Icriodontidae.

Pelekysgnathus jeppssoni[139]

Sp. nov

Valid

Nazarova

Devonian (Eifelian)

 Russia
( Bryansk Oblast)

Platyvillosus corniger[137]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen et al.

Early Triassic

 Slovenia

Polygnathus abaimovae[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

Polygnathus beckeri[140]

Nom. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

A replacement name for Polygnathus inflexus Baranov (1992).

Polygnathus datnensis[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

Polygnathus dogdensis[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

Polygnathus novozemelicus[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

"Polygnathus" pseudocommunis[132]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Late Devonian (early Famennian)

Hongguleleng Formation

 China

Possibly a species of Polygnathus.

Polygnathus slastenovi[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

Polygnathus tarabukini[140]

Sp. nov

Valid

Baranov & Blodgett

Devonian (Emsian)

 Russia

Praeicriodus[126]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Murphy

Silurian

 Canada

Genus includes "Pedavis" thorsteinssoni Uyeno (1980).

Siphonodella (Siphonodella) jii[141]

Nom. nov

Disputed

Becker, Kaiser & Aretz

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Chappel Limestone

 United States

A replacement name for Siphonodella (Siphonodella) hassi Ji (1985). Plotitsyn and Zhuravlev (2016) considered S. jii to be a junior synonym of Siphonodella quadruplicata (Branson et Mehl), because they considered the specimen selected as the holotype of S. jii to be more likely to represent an ontogenetic stage of S. quadruplicata.[142]

Staeschegnathus[143]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Koike

Triassic

Taho Formation

 Japan

An ellisonid conodont. The type species is S. perrii.

Fishes[edit]

Amphibians[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Temnospondyls[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Cyclotosaurus buechneri[153]

Sp. nov

Valid

Witzmann, Sachs & Nyhuis

Late Triassic (middle Carnian)

Stuttgart Formation

 Germany

A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Cyclotosaurus.

Konzhukovia sangabrielensis[154]

Sp. nov

Valid[155]

Pacheco et al.

Permian (early Guadalupian)

Rio do Rasto Formation

 Brazil

Samarabatrachus[156]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Novikov

Early Triassic

Sukhorechka Formation

 Russia
( Samara Oblast)

A capitosaurid temnospondyl. The type species is S. bjerringi.

Selenocara rossica[156]

Sp. nov

Valid

Novikov

Early Triassic

Sukhorechka Formation

 Russia
( Orenburg Oblast
 Samara Oblast)

A capitosaurid temnospondyl.

Stanocephalosaurus amenasensis[157]

Sp. nov

Valid

Dahoumane et al.

Early-Middle Triassic

Zarzaïtine Series, Illizi Basin

 Algeria

A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Stanocephalosaurus.

Syrtosuchus[156]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

Novikov

Early Triassic

Sukhorechka Formation

 Russia
( Orenburg Oblast
 Samara Oblast)

A benthosuchid temnospondyl. The type species is "Wetlugasaurus" samarensis Sennikov (1981); genus also includes new species S. morkovini.

Tomeia[158]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Eltink, Da-Rosa & Dias-da-Silva

Early Triassic

Sanga do Cabral Supersequence

 Brazil

A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl. The type species is T. witecki.

Yuanansuchus maopingchangensis[159]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liu

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

Badong Formation

 China

A mastodonsauroid temnospondyl, a species of Yuanansuchus.

Lissamphibians[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Hyogobatrachus[160]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ikeda, Ota & Matsui

Early Cretaceous

Sasayama Group

 Japan

A frog. The type species is Hyogobatrachus wadai.

Kiyatriton krasnolutskii[161]

Sp. nov

Valid

Skutschas

Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)

Itat Formation

 Russia
( Krasnoyarsk Krai)

A salamander, a species of Kiyatriton.

Kuruleufenia[162]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Gómez

Late Cretaceous (late Campanian–early Maastrichtian)

Allen Formation

 Argentina

A member of Pipidae. The type species is Kuruleufenia xenopoides.

Litoria lundeliusi[163]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tyler & Prideaux

Pleistocene

 Australia

A species of Litoria.

Nuominerpeton[164]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Jia & Gao

Early Cretaceous (BarremianAptian)

Guanghua Formation

 China

A cryptobranchoid salamander of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is N. aquilonaris.

Palaeobatrachus eurydices[165]

Sp. nov

Valid

Villa et al.

Early Pleistocene (Gelasian)

 Netherlands

Phosphotriton[166]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Tissier, Rage, Boistel, Fernandez, Pollet, Garcia and Laurin

Eocene

 France

A salamander. The type species is Phosphotriton sigei.

Prospea[167]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Chen et al.

Paleocene

Naranbulak Formation

 Mongolia

A member of Scaphiopodidae. The type species is Prospea holoserisca.

Qinglongtriton[168]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Jia & Gao

Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)

Tiaojishan Formation

 China

A basal member of Salamandroidea. The type species is Qinglongtriton gangouensis.

Tambabatrachus[160]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ikeda, Ota & Matsui

Early Cretaceous

Sasayama Group

 Japan

A frog. The type species is Tambabatrachus kawazu.

Others[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aytonerpeton[169]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Otoo, Clack & Smithson in Clack et al.

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Ballagan Formation

 United Kingdom

An early tetrapod of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is A. microps.

Diploradus[169]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Clack & Smithson in Clack et al.

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Ballagan Formation

 United Kingdom

An early tetrapod of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is D. austiumensis.

Koilops[169]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Clack & Smithson in Clack et al.

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Ballagan Formation

 United Kingdom

An early tetrapod of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is K. herma.

Ossirarus[169]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Clack & Smithson in Clack et al.

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Ballagan Formation

 United Kingdom

An early tetrapod of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is O. kierani.

Perittodus[169]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Clack & Smithson in Clack et al.

Carboniferous (Tournaisian)

Ballagan Formation

 United Kingdom

An early tetrapod of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is P. apsconditus.

Reptiles[edit]

Synapsids[edit]

Non-mammalian synapsids[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Abdalodon[182]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kammerer

Late Permian

Beaufort Group
(Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone)

 South Africa

An early cynodont related to Charassognathus gracilis. The type species is Abdalodon diastematicus.

Bonacynodon[183]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Martinelli, Soares & Schwanke

Late Triassic (early Carnian)

Santa Maria Supersequence

 Brazil

A member of Probainognathidae. The type species is B. schultzi.

Montirictus[184]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Matsuoka, Kusuhashi & Korfe

Early Cretaceous (probably Barremian or Aptian)

Kuwajima Formation

 Japan

A member of Tritylodontidae. The type species is Montirictus kuwajimaensis. Averianov et al. (2017) considered the genus Montirictus to be a junior synonym of the genus Stereognathus.[185]

Mupashi[186]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Huttenlocker & Sidor

Late Permian

Madumabisa Mudstone Formation

 Zambia

A therocephalian related to Karenites. The type species is Mupashi migrator.

Rastodon[187]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Boos et al.

Permian (Guadalupian/Lopingian)

Rio do Rasto Formation

 Brazil

A dicynodont belonging to the group Bidentalia. The type species is R. procurvidens.

Santacruzgnathus[183]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Martinelli, Soares & Schwanke

Late Triassic (early Carnian)

Santa Maria Supersequence

 Brazil

A member of Probainognathia, probably closely related to prozostrodontians. The type species is S. abdalai.

Sauroscaptor[188]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kammerer, Bandyopadhyay & Ray

Late Permian

Kundaram Formation

 India

A cistecephalid dicynodont. The type species is S. tharavati.

Vaughnictis[189]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Brocklehurst et al.

Permian (Asselian-Sakmarian)

Cutler Group

 United States
( Colorado)

A member of Eothyrididae; a new genus for "Mycterosaurus" smithae Lewis & Vaughn (1965).

Wantulignathus[190]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Whitney & Sidor

Permian (Guadalupian)

Madumabisa Mudstone Formation

 Zambia

A biarmosuchian. The type species is Wantulignathus gwembensis.

Mammals[edit]

Other animals[edit]

Research[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Acanthograptus lateralis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Acoelia norica[199]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida.

Acrograptus tenuiculus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Amblysiphonella aiyongcuoensis[200]

Sp. nov

Valid

Deng

Permian

 China

A sponge.

Annulitubus[201]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Vinn et al.

Devonian (late Emsian)

Ponta Grossa Formation

 Brazil

An annelid, possibly a polychaete. The type species is Annulitubus mutveii.

Antennipatus[202]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Garwood, Edgecombe & Giribet in Garwood et al.

Carboniferous (Stephanian)

Montceau-les-Mines Lagerstätte

 France

A velvet worm. The type species is A. montceauensis.

Apoglossograptus uniformis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Archiasterella dhiraji[203]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gilbert, Hughes & Myrow

Cambrian

Parahio Formation

 India

Archiclimacograptus columnus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Baltichaeta[204]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[205]

Slater et al.

Cambrian (Stage 4)

File Haidar Formation

 Sweden

A member of the total group of Annelida. The type species is B. jormunganda.

Baltiscalida[204]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[205]

Slater et al.

Cambrian (Stage 4)

File Haidar Formation

 Sweden

A member of the total group of Priapulida. The type species is B. njorda.

Bistella[206]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A heteractinid sponge belonging to the group Heteractinellida and the family Heterostellidae. The type species is B. inexplicabila.

Bohemograptus praecox[207]

Sp. nov

Valid

Štorch et al.

Silurian

 Czech Republic

A graptolite.

Bolidium bertii[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Bolidium.

Burejospermum punctatum[210]

Sp. nov

Valid

McLoughlin et al.

Early Eocene

La Meseta Formation

Antarctica
(Seymour Island)

A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons; a species of Burejospermum.

Burejospermum seymourense[210]

Sp. nov

Valid

McLoughlin et al.

Early Eocene

La Meseta Formation

Antarctica
(Seymour Island)

A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons; a species of Burejospermum.

Caelispongia[199]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Kasımlar Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Stellispongiellidae. The type species is C. topukensis.

Camerospongia tuberculata[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Camerospongia.

Camerospongia visentinae[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Camerospongia.

Capsulocyathus petri[211]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sundukov & Zhuravlev

Cambrian

 Russia

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Cryptoporocyathidae.

Cavispongia scarpai[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Cavispongia.

Conotheca hensoni[212]

Sp. nov

Valid

Peel et al.

Cambrian

Henson Gletscher Formation

 Greenland

A member of Hyolitha belonging to the group Orthothecida.

Constellatispongia[213]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge. The type species is C. canismajorii.

Corallistes multiosculata[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Corallistes.

Cornulites vilcae[214]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vinn & Gutiérez-Marco

Late Ordovician (probably late Sandbian)

Probably Calapuja Formation

 Peru

A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Cornulites.

Cornulites zatoni[214]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vinn & Gutiérez-Marco

Late Ordovician (Sandbian)

Calapuja Formation

 Peru

A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Cornulites.

Coronispongia[208]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge. The type species is Coronispongia confossa.

Corynites nanus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Crassicoactum[213]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge. The type species is C. cucumis.

Daharella triassica[199]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Kasımlar Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Auriculospongiidae.

Dicranograptus ramosus angustus[198]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Eoglyptograptus asymmetros[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Goldman & Zhang in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Eolipastrotethya[215]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Bubarida. The type species is E. picketti.

Erismacoscinus lucanoi[217]

Sp. nov

Valid

Menéndez et al.

Cambrian Stage 3

Pedroche Formation

 Spain

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Asterocyathidae.

Esakovella[206]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A tommotiid belonging to the family Kelanellidae. The type species is E. grigorievae.

Fallocyathus accomodatus[211]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sundukov in Sundukov & Zhuravlev

Cambrian

 Russia

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Fallocyathidae.

Fallocyathus apheles[211]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sundukov in Sundukov & Zhuravlev

Cambrian

 Russia

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Fallocyathidae.

Geodia hopetouni[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Tetractinellida, a species of Geodia.

Haddingograptus cuneatus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Haddingograptus flexibilis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Haddingograptus tarimensis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Hadimopanella incubo[218]

Sp. nov

Valid[219]

Streng, Ebbestad & Berg-Madsen

Cambrian

 Sweden

A palaeoscolecid worm.

Hadimopanella oelandiana[218]

Sp. nov

Valid[219]

Streng, Ebbestad & Berg-Madsen

Cambrian

 Sweden

A palaeoscolecid worm.

Hallograptus echinatus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Hamptonia limatula[213]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge.

Hexactinella clampensis[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Hexactinella.

?Hyalostelia spinula[206]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A hexactinellid sponge belonging to the group Hexasterophora and the family Hyalostellidae.

Jiangxigraptus? delicatus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Jiangxigraptus ultilis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Kuonamia[citation needed]

Nom. nov

Valid

Doweld

Cambrian Stage 4 to Guzhangian

Holm Dal Formation
Kuonamka Formation

 Greenland[220]
 Russia
( Sakha Republic)

A sponge; a replacement name for Disparella Fedorov in Fedorov & Pereladov (1987).

Lenica perversa[213]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge.

Lyrarapax trilobus[221]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cong et al.

Early Cambrian

 China

Milyasa[199]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Dereköy Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Preperonidellidae. The type species is M. polysiphonata; genus also includes M. askomorpha.

Mimograptus tenuis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Monocrepidium pauli[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Bubarida.

Monocrepidium unispiculatum[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Bubarida.

Nganki namak[222]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kruse & Hughes

Cambrian

Khussak Formation

 Pakistan

A member of Hyolitha (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Nganki.

Obscurospongia[199]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Kasımlar Basin

 Turkey

An inozoid or chaetetid sponge. The type species is O. chaetetiformis

Oepikograptus originalis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Orthograptus paracalcaratus[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Ottoia guizhouensis[223]

Sp. nov

Valid

Yang, Zhao & Zhang

Cambrian

Kaili Formation

 China

A stem-group priapulid, a species of Ottoia.

Pachastrella australis[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Tetractinellida.

Pachastrella intermedia[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Tetractinellida.

Palaeoscolex xinglongensis[224]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liu et al.

Cambrian

Wulongqing Formation

 China

A palaeoscolecid.

Palaeotubus[225]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Sanfilippo et al.

Permian

Pietra di Salomone limestone

 Italy

A polychaete, possibly a relative of serpulids. The type species is P. sosiensis.

Pegmatothylakos[210]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

McLoughlin et al.

Early Eocene

La Meseta Formation

Antarctica
(Seymour Island)

A member of Clitellata of uncertain phylogenetic placement, described on the basis of fossilized cocoons. The type species is Pegmatothylakos manumii.

Phycopsis arbusculum[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Axinellida.

Preperonidella asymmetrica[199]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Kasımlar Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Preperonidellidae.

Proclimacograptus angustatus ultimus[198]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Pronormalograptus[198]

Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China
 United Kingdom

A graptolite. The type species is P. acicularis; genus also includes new species P. regularis, as well as P. euglyphus (Lapworth, 1880) and P. siccatus (Elles and Wood, 1907).

Pseudosardospongia[206]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A calcareous sponge belonging to the family Polyactinellidae. The type species is P. plana; genus also includes P. miriculata.

Rajatubulus[226]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Yang et al.

Early Cambrian

 Kazakhstan

A member of Cloudinidae; a new genus for "Pseudorthotheca" costata Mambetov in Missarzhevsky & Mambetov (1981).

Rankenella zhangxianensis[227]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lee, Woo & Lee

Cambrian

Zhangxia Formation

 China

A sponge belonging to the family Anthaspidellidae.

Ratcliffespongia freuchenensis[213]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge.

Rigonia[208]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge. The type species is Rigonia plicata.

Rotundocyathus indistinctus[211]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sundukov in Sundukov & Zhuravlev

Cambrian

 Russia

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Ajacicyathidae.

Rugatotheca daibuica[226]

Sp. nov

Valid

Yang et al.

Early Cambrian

Daibu Member of the Xiaotan section

 China

A small shelly fossil of uncertain phylogenetic placement.

Saccoglossus testa[228]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cameron

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Mazon Creek fossil beds

 United States
( Illinois)

An acorn worm belonging to the family Harrimaniidae, a species of Saccoglossus.

Saetaspongia procera[213]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting & Peel

Early Cambrian

Buen Formation

 Greenland

A sponge.

Sanxiascolex[229]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Yang & Zhang

Cambrian

Shipai Formation

 China

A palaeoscolecid. The type species is P. papillogyrus.

Sardospongia gigantea[206]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A calcareous sponge belonging to the family Polyactinellidae.

Sardospongia triplexa[206]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A calcareous sponge belonging to the family Polyactinellidae.

Sarmentofascis zamparelliae[230]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit, Frijia & Parente

Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Sarmentofascis.

Semigothograptus[231]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Kozłowska

Silurian

 Czech Republic
 Germany
 Poland
 United Kingdom

A graptolite; a new genus for "Gothograptus" meganassa Rickards & Palmer (2002).

Sibirecyathus onkhoydokh[211]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sundukov & Zhuravlev

Cambrian

 Russia

A member of Archaeocyatha belonging to the family Ajacicyathidae.

Spathioconchus[232]

Gen. et sp. nov

Zatoń et al.

Early Triassic (Induan)

 Greenland

A member of Microconchida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs). The type species is S. weedoni.

Spinuliconchus[233]

Gen. et et comb. sp. nov

Valid

Zatoń & Olempska

Devonian

 Poland
 United States

A member of Microconchida. The type species is "Spirorbis" angulatus Hall (1861); genus also includes new species S. biernatae.

Stauractinella eocenica[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Stauractinella.

Talacastospongia[234]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Carrera & Rustán

Devonian (Lochkovian)

Talacasto Formation

 Argentina

A hexactinellid sponge. The type species is Talacastospongia minima.

Tanchajella[206]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Fedorov in Fedorov, Parkhaev & Demidenko

Cambrian

 Russia

A hexactinellid sponge belonging to the group Amphidiscophora and the family Hyalonematidae. The type species is T. aculeata.

Taurispongia[199]

Gen. et 8 sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Dereköy Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Stellispongiellidae. The type species is T. oligocanalis; genus also includes new species T. polycanalis, T. tenuis, T. lamellicanalis, T. fascifera, T. siderifera, T. lamellata and T. polyforma.

Tenuipariespongia taurica[199]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Kasımlar Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida.

Toulminia italica[208]

Sp. nov

Valid[209]

Frisone, Pisera & Preto

Eocene (early Lutetian)

 Italy

A sponge, a species of Toulminia.

Triptolemma solida[215]

Sp. nov

Valid[216]

Łukowiak & Pisera

Late Eocene

Pallinup Formation

 Australia

A heteroscleromorph demosponge belonging to the group Tetractinellida.

Tritonychus [235]

Gen. et sp. nov.

Valid

Zhang et al.

Early Cambrian

 China

A lobopodian. The type species is T. phanerosarkus.

Tuberoconchus[233]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Zatoń in Zatoń & Olempska

Silurian (Ludlow)

Kuressaare Formation

 Estonia
 Sweden

A member of Microconchida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs). The type species is "Palaeoconchus" wilsoni Zatoń, Vinn & Toom (2016).[236]

Tulenicornus? frykmani[212]

Sp. nov

Valid

Peel et al.

Cambrian

Henson Gletscher Formation

 Greenland

A member of Hyolitha belonging to the group Hyolithida.

Tyanada[199]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian-Rhaetian)

 Australia
 Austria
 Iran
 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Virgulidae. The type species is "Grossotubenella" variabilis Senowbari-Daryan (2005); genus also includes new species T. irregularis.

Unicornigraptus[198]

Gen. et 3 sp. nov

Valid

Chen & Goldman in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China
 Sweden

A graptolite. Genus includes new species U. minimus Chen, U. scandinavicus Goldman and U. xinjiangensis Chen and Goldman.

Wildspongia? krystyni[199]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan & Link

Late Triassic (Norian)

Dereköy Basin

 Turkey

A demosponge belonging to the group Agelasida and the family Stellispongiellidae.

Wronascolex geyiensis[237]

Sp. nov

Valid

Peng et al.

Cambrian

 China

A palaeoscolecid worm, a species of Wronascolex.

Wronascolex? johanssoni[218]

Sp. nov

Valid[219]

Streng, Ebbestad & Berg-Madsen

Cambrian

 Sweden

A palaeoscolecid worm.

Wronascolex yichangensis[238]

Sp. nov

Valid

Yang & Zhang

Cambrian

 China

A palaeoscolecid worm, a species of Wronascolex.

Xiphograptus aksuensis[198]

Sp. nov

Valid

Chen in Chen et al.

Ordovician

 China

A graptolite.

Other organisms[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Accordiella? tarburensis[239]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit & Rashidi

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Tarbur Formation

 Iran

A foraminifer belonging to the group Textulariida and the family Chrysalidinidae.

Acuasiphonoria[240]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Liu et al.

Ordovician

Tarim Basin

 China

A member of Cyanobacteria. The type species is Acuasiphonoria ordovica.

Adnatosphaeridium ivoriense[241]

Sp. nov

Valid

Awad & Oboh-Ikuenobe

Late Paleocene and early Eocene

Gulf of Guinea (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin)
 Nigeria

A dinoflagellate belonging to the group Gonyaulacales.

Agathammina vachardi[242]

Sp. nov

Valid

Zhang in Zhang et al.

Permian

Xiala Formation

 China

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolata and the family Cornuspiridae.

Amsassia koreanensis[243]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lee et al.

Middle and Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Katian)

Duwibong Formation
Xiazhen Formation

 China
 South Korea

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, probably a calcareous alga.

Anchisolenopora[244]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Vachard et al.

Ordovician-Carboniferous

 China
 France
 Norway
 Sweden

A red alga, possibly related to the coralline algae. The type species is "Hedstroemia" serrana Vachard & Aretz (2004); genus also includes "Hedstroemia" nidarosiensis Høeg, 1932 emend. Roux, 1985, "Hedstroemia" koninckoporoides Vachard, 1988 and "Pseudosolenopora" owodenkoi sensu Mamet, 2002 non Chanton-Güvenç, 1972.

Annelaurea[245]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Harper et al.

Carboniferous (late Viséan)

 France

An oomycete. The type species is Annelaurea excornis.

Aulacoseira helianthus[246]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mohan & Stone in Mohan, Stone & Campisano

Pliocene

Hadar Formation

 Ethiopia

A diatom belonging to the group Aulacoseirales and the family Aulacoseiraceae.

Aulacoseira jewsonii[246]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mohan & Stone in Mohan, Stone & Campisano

Pliocene

Hadar Formation

 Ethiopia

A diatom belonging to the group Aulacoseirales and the family Aulacoseiraceae.

Baltinema[204]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[205]

Slater et al.

Cambrian (Stage 4)

File Haidar Formation

 Sweden

A filamentous organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is B. rana.

Barattolites andhuri[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

Dammam Formation

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Globothalamea and the family Orbitolinidae.

Berkutaphycus[248]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Schopf, Sergeev & Kudryavtsev

Early Cambrian

Kyrshabakta Formation

 Kazakhstan

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be related to hormogonian cyanobacteria or to eukaryotic green or chrysophyte algae. The type species is Berkutaphycus elongatus.

Bianchina[249]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Schiøler

Cretaceous (late Aptian–middle Cenomanian)

East Coast Basin

 New Zealand

A dinoflagellate. The type species is Bianchina hieroglyphica.

Bolivinides intermedius[250]

Sp. nov

Valid

Dubicka & Peryt

Late Cretaceous (CampanianMaastrichtian)

 Poland
 Ukraine

A foraminifer belonging to the group Rotaliina and the family Bolivinoididae.

Braarudosphaera insecta[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Late Paleocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Braarudosphaeraceae.

Braarudosphaera wendleriae[252]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Braarudosphaeraceae.

Bramletteius cultellus[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Coccolithales and the family Coccolithaceae.

Broccoliforma[253]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mason & Narbonne

Ediacaran

 Canada
( Newfoundland and Labrador)

A flabellate, lobate frond with at least superficial similarities to the ivesheadiomorph Blackbrookia. The type species is B. alta.

Bulbobaculites felixi[254]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pleş, Bucur & Săsăran

Early Cretaceous (late Aptian)

 Romania

A lituolid foraminifer.

Caelatimurus[255]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Riedman & Porter

Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation
Chuar Group
Muhos Formation
Roper Group

 Australia
 Finland
 United States

An acritarch. Genus includes new species C. foveolatus.

Chinggiskhaania[256]

Gen. et sp. nov

Dornbos et al.

Ediacaran

Zuun-Arts Formation

 Mongolia

A multicellular benthic alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Chinggiskhaania bifurcata.

Clypeorbis? ultima[257]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit, Studeny & Sanders

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Kambühel Formation

 Austria

A foraminifer, possibly a member of Clypeorbinae.

Coccolithus subcirculus[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte, a species of Coccolithus.

Cretaciclavulina[258]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit & Cvetko Tešović

Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)

Gornji Humac Formation
Pučišća Formation

 Croatia

A foraminifer belonging to the superfamily Textulariacea, possibly a member of the family Valvulinidae. The type species is C. gusici.

Cribrionella[259]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Jovanovska et al.

Quaternary

Lake Ohrid

A diatom belonging to the group Thalassiosirales and the family Stephanodiscaceae. The type species is Cribrionella ohridana

Crinisdendrum[260]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Dzik, Baliński & Sun

Ordovician (early Floian)

Fenxiang Formation

 China

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; the authors of its description considered it most likely that it was a relative of pterobranchs. The type species is C. sinicum.

Cucurbita aggtelekensis[261]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan

Late Triassic (Carnian)

 Hungary

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolina and the family Milioliporidae.

Cucurbita minima[261]

Sp. nov

Valid

Senowbari-Daryan

Late Triassic (Carnian)

Mufara Formation

 Hungary
 Italy
 Turkey?

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolina and the family Milioliporidae.

Culcitulisphaera[255]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Riedman & Porter

Late Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation
Chuar Group
Eleonore Bay Group
Lakhanda Group
Visingsö Group[262]

 Australia
 Botswana[263]
 Greenland
 Moldova[262]
 Russia
 Sweden[262]
 Ukraine[262]
 United States

An acritarch. Genus includes new species C. revelata.

Delphineis urbinai[264]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gariboldi

Miocene

Pisco Formation

 Peru

A diatom.

Diphyes digitum[241]

Sp. nov

Valid

Awad & Oboh-Ikuenobe

Early Paleocene

Gulf of Guinea (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin)

A dinoflagellate belonging to the group Gonyaulacales.

Discocyclina kutchensis[265]

Sp. nov

Valid

Özcan & Saraswati in Özcan et al.

Eocene (Bartonian)

Fulra Limestone

 India
 Pakistan

A foraminifer belonging to the family Discocyclinidae.

'Discocyclina' sulaimanensis[265]

Sp. nov

Valid

Özcan, Ali & Hanif in Özcan et al.

Eocene (Bartonian)

Drazinda Formation

 Pakistan

A foraminifer belonging to the family Discocyclinidae.

Elianella brasiliana[266]

Sp. nov

Valid

Granier & Dias-Brito

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

Riachuelo Formation

 Brazil

A red alga belonging to the group Corallinophycidae, possibly a member of Rhodogorgonales; a species of Elianella.

Ellipsolithus linnertii[252]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte of uncertain phylogenetic placement.

Ellipsolithus pumex[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte of uncertain phylogenetic placement.

Endoceratium immarinum[267]

Sp. nov

Valid

Razumkova

Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

 Russia

A dinoflagellate belonging to the family Ceratiaceae.

Entosolenia intermillerelineata[268]

Sp. nov

Valid

Margerel

Late Pliocene-early Pleistocene

 France

A foraminifer belonging to the family Ellipsolagenidae.

Eocladopyxis furculum[241]

Sp. nov

Valid

Awad & Oboh-Ikuenobe

Paleocene to Oligocene

Gulf of Guinea (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin)

A dinoflagellate belonging to the group Gonyaulacales.

Eohalothece[269]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Strother & Wellman

Precambrian

Cailleach Head Formation
Diabaig Formation
Kinloch Formation
Nonesuch Formation

 United Kingdom
 United States
( Michigan)

A member of Cyanobacteria belonging to the family Chroococcaceae. The type species is Eohalothece lacustrina.

Ercumentina[270]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Serra-Kiel & Vicedo in Serra-Kiel et al.

Paleocene

Jafnayn Formation

 Oman

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the superfamily Alveolinoidea. The type species is E. sayqensis.

Ericsonia aliquanta[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Coccolithales and the family Coccolithaceae.

Ericsonia media[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Late Paleocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Coccolithales and the family Coccolithaceae.

Ericsonia monilis[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Coccolithales and the family Coccolithaceae.

Ericsonia orbis[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Coccolithales and the family Coccolithaceae.

Galerosphaera[271]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Porter & Riedman

Neoproterozoic

Chuar Group

 United States
( Arizona)

An organic-walled microfossil; a new genus for "Vandalosphaeridium" walcottii Vidal & Ford (1985).

Gemmaphyton[191]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A macrofossil organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly an alga. The type species is G. taoyingensis.

Glomospirella cantabrica[272]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit, Rosales & Najarro

Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian)

Las Peñosas Formation
Reocín Formation

 Spain

A foraminifer belonging to the class Tubothalamea, the order Ammodiscida and the family Ammodiscidae.

Gomphosiphon[240]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Liu et al.

Ordovician

Tarim Basin

 China

A possible member of Cyanobacteria. The type species is Gomphosiphon xinjiangensis.

Helicolithus blairiae[273]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kita, Watkins & Bergen

Late Cretaceous (late Santonian)

Niobrara Formation

 United States
( Kansas)

A haptophyte belonging to the family Eiffellithaceae.

Hyalolithus tumescens[274]

Sp. nov

Valid

Abe, Tsutsui & Jordan

Eocene

 Barbados
 United States
( California)

A haptophyte belonging to the group Prymnesiales.

Idalina grelaudae[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Hauerinidae.

Idalina pignattii[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Oligocene

Ashawq Formation

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Hauerinidae.

Jimenezberrocosoia[252]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Cretaceous (Aptian-Turonian)

North Sea Basin
 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Biscutaceae. Genus includes "Crucibiscutum" bosunensis Jeremiah (2001), as well as new species J. birchiae.

Jodhpurophycus[275]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kumar & Ahmad

Ediacaran

Jodhpur Sandstone

 India

A possible alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species J. marwarensis.

Kaibabia[271]

Gen. et sp. nov

Disputed

Porter & Riedman

Neoproterozoic

Chuar Group

 United States
( Arizona)

An organic-walled microfossil. Genus includes new species K. gemmulella. Loron & Moczydłowska (2018) considered the genus Kaibabia to be a junior synonym of the genus Leiosphaeridia, and transferred the species K. gemmulella to the latter genus.[262]

Karenagare[255]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Riedman & Porter

Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation

 Australia
 Russia?

An acritarch. Genus includes new species K. alinyaensis.

Kokia kayae[252]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 Tanzania

A microfossil.

Lacazinella rogeri[270]

Sp. nov

Valid

Serra-Kiel & Vicedo in Serra-Kiel et al.

Paleocene

Jafnayn Formation

 Oman

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Fabulariidae.

Lanternithus unicavus[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Calyptrosphaeraceae.

Lantianella[276]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid[277]

Wan et al.

Early Ediacaran

Lantian Formation

 China

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be a cnidarian (the possibility considered to be most likely by the authors of its description), or a macroalga. The type species is Lantianella laevis; genus also includes L. annularis.

Lanulatisphaera[271]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Porter & Riedman

Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation
Chuar Group
Karuyarvinskaya Formation
Visingsö Group

 Australia
 Russia
 Sweden
 United States
( Arizona)
 Greenland?
 Norway?

An organic-walled microfossil; a new genus for "Trachysphaeridium" laufeldi Vidal (1976).

Latiortenuiphyton[191]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A macroscopic alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is L. robusta.

Lindavia cohenii[246]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mohan & Stone in Mohan, Stone & Campisano

Pliocene

Hadar Formation

 Ethiopia

A diatom belonging to the group Thalassiosirales and the family Stephanodiscaceae.

Macetadiscus[247]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hottinger, Serra-Kiel & Gallardo-Garcia in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Soritidae. The type species is M. incolumnatus.

Mallomonas elephantus[278]

Sp. nov

Valid

Siver & Wolfe

Eocene

 Canada

A synurophyte, a species of Mallomonas.

Megacrassispirella[242]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Zhang in Zhang et al.

Permian

Xiala Formation

 China

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolata and the family Cornuspiridae. A new genus for "Ammodiscus" xarlashanensis Wang (1986).

Microlepidopalla[271]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Porter & Riedman

Neoproterozoic, possibly also Mesoproterozoic

Chuar Group
Moosehorn Lake Formation
Muhos Formation?

 United States
( Arizona)
 Finland?

An organic-walled microfossil. Genus includes new species M. mira.

Morgensternia[255]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Riedman & Porter

Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation

 Australia

An acritarch. Genus includes new species M. officerensis.

Nannoconus funiculus[252]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Nannoconaceae.

Nodocantabricus[279]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Rigaud & Schlagintweit

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

Altamira Formation
Bielba Formation

 Spain

A foraminifer belonging to the family Polymorphinidae. Genus includes new species N. duplexmurus.

Nyktericysta sibirica[267]

Sp. nov

Valid

Razumkova

Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

 Russia

A dinoflagellate belonging to the family Ceratiaceae.

Omanodiscus[247]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Hottinger, Serra-Kiel & Gallardo-Garcia in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

 Oman

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Soritidae. The type species is O. tenuissimus.

Oolina barkeri[268]

Sp. nov

Valid

Margerel

Late Pliocene-early Pleistocene

 France

A foraminifer belonging to the family Ellipsolagenidae.

Oolina falsoscalariformis[268]

Sp. nov

Valid

Margerel

Early Pliocene

 France

A foraminifer belonging to the family Ellipsolagenidae.

Ortonellopsis[244]

Gen. et sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Vachard & Cózar in Vachard et al.

Silurian-Triassic

 Canada
 France
 Greece
 Spain

A member of Cyanobacteria belonging to the family Garwoodiaceae. The type species is O. laxa; genus also includes "Ortonella" mansellensis (Poncet, 1986) and "Ortonella" myrae Rácz (1964).

Paragraptobranca[191]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A macrofossil organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, might be a macroalga or an animal. The type species is P. curvus.

Perissothallus dekovensis[280]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pšenička & Krings

Carboniferous (Gzhelian)

Slaný Formation

 Czech Republic

An alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Perissothallus.

Petrarhabdus? kirenii[252]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lees & Bown

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Prediscosphaeraceae.

Piyuania[276]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[277]

Wan et al.

Early Ediacaran

Lantian Formation

 China

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a cnidarian-grade animal. The type species is P. cyathiformis.

Plumeropriscum[253]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mason & Narbonne

Ediacaran

 Canada
( Newfoundland and Labrador)

A mop-like rangeomorph. The type species is P. hofmanni.

Pontosphaera veta[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Zygodiscales and the family Pontosphaeraceae.

Proaulopora pachydermatica[240]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liu et al.

Ordovician

Tarim Basin

 China

A possible member of Cyanobacteria, a species of Proaulopora.

Pseudoaccordiella[247]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Globothalamea and the family Pfenderinidae. The type species is P. ayaki.

Pseudodoushantuophyton[191]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A probably a macroalga. The type species is P. wenghuiensis.

Pseudolituonella robineti[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

Aydim Formation

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Globothalamea and the family Coskinolinidae.

Pseudonumoloculina kalantarii[239]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit & Rashidi

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Tarbur Formation

 Iran

A foraminifer belonging to the family Hauerinidae.

Pseudorhapydionina bilottei[281]

Sp. nov

Valid

Consorti, Boix & Caus

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

La Cova Unit

 Spain

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the family Praerhapydioninidae.

Qianchuania[276]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[277]

Wan et al.

Early Ediacaran

Lantian Formation

 China

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a cnidarian-grade animal. The type species is Q. fusiformis.

Rogerella[247]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Eocene

Aydim Formation

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Globothalamea and the family Orbitolinidae. The type species is R. aydimi.

Rossanella[282]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Rigaud & Blau

Early Jurassic (HettangianSinemurian)

Schnöll Formation

 Austria

A foraminifer belonging to the group Robertinida and the family Conorboididae. The type species is R. martinii.

Rothpletzella longita[240]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liu et al.

Ordovician

Tarim Basin

 China

A microorganism of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Rothpletzella.

Socotraella[247]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Gallardo-Garcia & Serra-Kiel in Serra-Kiel et al.

Oligocene

Ashawq Formation
Aydim Formation

 Oman
 Yemen

A foraminifer belonging to the group Globothalamea and the family Valvulinidae. The type species is S. ashawqi.

Solisphaera palmula[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Middle-Late Paleocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Syracosphaerales, related to the family Rhabdosphaeraceae.

Solisphaera tegula[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Middle Paleocene to Middle Eocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Syracosphaerales, related to the family Rhabdosphaeraceae.

Sphenolithus pospichalii[283]

Sp. nov

Valid

Jiang et al.

Early Miocene

Northern shelf of the South China Sea

A microfossil.

Spirolina? farsiana[239]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schlagintweit & Rashidi

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Tarbur Formation

 Iran

A foraminifer belonging to the group Miliolida and the superfamily Soritoidea.

Surninia[284]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kolosov

Ediacaran

 Russia

A microorganism. Genus includes new species S. implicata.

Tectatodinium nigeriaense[241]

Sp. nov

Valid

Awad & Oboh-Ikuenobe

Paleocene

Gulf of Guinea (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin)
 Nigeria

A dinoflagellate belonging to the group Gonyaulacales.

Tongrenphyton[191]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Ediacaran

Doushantuo Formation

 China

A probably a eukaryotic alga. The type species is T. komma.

Toweius patellus[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Isochrysidales and the family Prinsiaceae.

Toweius reticulum[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Late Paleocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the order Isochrysidales and the family Prinsiaceae.

Trochoguembelitria liuae[285]

Sp. nov

Valid

Arenillas, Arz & Náñez

Paleocene (early Danian)

El Haria Formation

 Tunisia

A foraminifer belonging to the group Heterohelicacea and the family Guembelitriidae.

Trochoguembelitria olssoni[285]

Sp. nov

Valid

Arenillas, Arz & Náñez

Paleocene (early Danian)

El Haria Formation

 Tunisia

A foraminifer belonging to the group Heterohelicacea and the family Guembelitriidae.

Velleditsiella[282]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Rigaud & Blau

Early Jurassic (HettangianSinemurian)

Schnöll Formation

 Austria

A foraminifer belonging to the group Robertinida and the family Trochosiphoniidae. The type species is V. felicitaszae; genus also includes V. spinaferra.

Vendophycus[275]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Kumar & Ahmad

Ediacaran

Jodhpur Sandstone

 India

A possible alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species V. rajasthanensis and V. sursagarensis.

Vidalopalla[255]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Riedman & Porter

Mesoproterozoic[286] and Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation
Baffin Bay Group
Ekkerøy Formation
Klubbnes Formation[286]
Ruyang Group[286]

 Australia
 China[286]
 Greenland
 India[286]
 Norway
 Russia[286]
 United States[286]

A microfossil. Genus includes "Kildinosphaera" verrucata Vidal in Vidal & Siedlecka (1983), as well as "Kildinosphaera" granulata Vidal in Vidal & Siedlecka (1983).[286]

Volleyballia[271]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Porter & Riedman

Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic

Alinya Formation[255]
Browne Formation
Chuar Group
Conselheiro Mata Group

 Australia[255]
 Botswana[263]
 Brazil
 United States
( Arizona)

An organic-walled microfossil. Genus includes new species V. dehlerae.

Xianella[287]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Lee & Riding

Middle–Late Ordovician

 China

A member of Cyanobacteria. The type species is X. hongii.

Xiuningella[276]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid[277]

Wan et al.

Early Ediacaran

Lantian Formation

 China

An organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be a worm-like animal or an alga. The type species is X. rara.

Youngilithus bipons[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Paleocene (Selandian)

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Calyptrosphaeraceae.

Youngilithus transversipons[251]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bown

Middle-Late Paleocene

 Tanzania

A haptophyte belonging to the family Calyptrosphaeraceae.

Zuunartsphyton[256]

Gen. et sp. nov

Dornbos et al.

Ediacaran

Zuun-Arts Formation

 Mongolia

A multicellular benthic alga of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Zuunartsphyton delicatum.

Research[edit]

  • Probable stromatolites are described from the 3,700-Myr-old rocks from the Isua supracrustal belt (Greenland) by Nutman et al. (2016);[288] however, Allwood et al. (2018) subsequently argue that these putative stromatolites as more likely to be structures of non-biological origin.[289]
  • Exceptionally large, organic, smooth-walled, coccoidal microfossils are described from the 2.52 Ga Gamohaan Formation (South Africa) by Czaja, Beukes & Osterhout (2016), who interpret them as fossils of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria similar to members of the modern genus Thiomargarita.[290]
  • Macroscopic fossils up to 30 cm long and nearly 8 cm wide are described from the 1,56-billion-year-old Gaoyuzhuang Formation (Yanshan area, North China) by Zhu et al. (2016), who interpret them as probable fossils of benthic multicellular eukaryotes of size that is unprecedentedly large for eukaryotes older than the Ediacaran Period.[291]
  • Organic-walled microfossils (at least some of which are eukaryote fossils) with holes in the walls similar to those formed by predatory protists in the walls of their prey to consume the contents inside are described from the 780–740 million-year-old Chuar Group (Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA) by Porter (2016).[292]
  • Tubular microfossils showing similarities to modern coenocytic green and yellow-green algae are described from the ~2.8 to 2.7 Ga lacustrine deposits in South Africa by Kaźmierczak et al. (2016).[293]
  • Soft-bodied discoidal specimens resembling Aspidella are described from the Ediacaran Cerro Negro Formation (Argentina) by Arrouy et al. (2016).[294]

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