August 30

August 30 is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 123 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

526 – Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great dies of dysentery in Ravenna.
711 – K'inich K'an Joy Chitam, king of Palenque, disappears from history. He was probably taken prisoner by a rivalling city state.
1464 – Pope Paul II is elected.
1574 – Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master.
1791 – The ship HMS Pandora sinks after running aground on a reef.
1800 – Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested he can make it happen.
1813 – In an uprising, Creek Native Americans launch an attack on Fort Mims, Alabama (present–day Mobile, Alabama), and commit the Fort Mims massacre.
1813 – Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by Austrian–Prussian–Russian alliance.
1832 – Agreement is reached on the border between Greece and the Ottoman Empire.
1835 – The city of Melbourne, Australia is founded.
1836 – The city of Houston, Texas is founded.
1850 – Honolulu, Hawaii becomes a city.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Richmond, Kentucky – Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout a Union army under General Horatio Wright.
1862 – American Civil War: Union forces are defeated in Second Battle of Bull Run.
1873 – Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago (island group) of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Ocean. The islands now belong to Russia.
1881 – British passenger steamer RMS Teuton hits a reef off South Africa and sinks, killing 236 of the 272 people on board.
1896 – Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared to be under martial law by the Spanish Governor–General Ramon Blanco y Erenas.

1901 – 2000

1914 – World War I: Battle of Tannenberg.
1917 – During a night–time sailing, with all light switched off because of the war, French passenger steamer Natal collides with an oncoming cargo ship, sinking in 10 minutes. Of the 503 on board, 105 are killed.
1918 – Assassins seriously injure Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin and kill Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky, prompting the decree for Red Terror.
1922 – Battle of Dumlupinar, final battle in Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) ("Turkish War of Independence").
1940 – The Second Vienna Award reassigns the territory of North Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.
1941 – World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins.
1945 – World War II: Hong Kong is liberated from Japan.
1945 – World War II: Allied Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur lands at Atsugi Air Force Base.
1945 – The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, until 1949, goes into effect.
1946 – In post–World War II Germany, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate is created in the French occupation zone.
1948 – The Romanian intelligence agency, the Securitate, is founded.
1956 – The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana opens.
1959 – The title National Hero of Indonesia is awarded for the first time, to writer and politician Abdul Muis.
1963 – Hotline between U.S. and Soviet leaders goes into operation.
1965 – Casey Stengel announces his retirement from baseball.
1965 – Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album Highway 61 Revisited featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone."
1967 – Thurgood Marshall confirmed as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
1974 – A train crash, of a Dortmund to Belgrade Express train, in Zagreb kills 153 people.
1974 – A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Jeavy Industries Headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan killing 8 people.
1976 – Tom Brokaw becomes news anchor of the Today Show.
1981 – Iranian President Mohammad–Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad–Javad Bahonar are assassinated in a bombing by the People's Mujahedin of Iran.
1984 – Space Shuttle Discovery launches on its first mission.
1990 – Tatarstan declares independence from the RSFSR.
1991 – Azerbaijan declares independence from the USSR.
1992 – Michael Schumacher wins his first Formula One race at the Belgian Grand Prix.
1993 – The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is inaugurated.
1993 – The Late Show with David Letterman debuts on CBS.
1994 – Oasis release their first album, Definitely Maybe.
1995 – NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian–Serb forces.
1999 – The East Timorese vote for independence in a referendum.

From 2001

2001 – Former President of Yugoslavia and Serbia Slobodan Milosevic is charged with Genocide.
2002 – The Tandy Center Subway in Fort Worth, Texas ceases to operate.
2003 – While being towed across the Barents Sea, decommissioned Russian submarine K–159 sinks, killing all 9 crew members.
2009 – Yukio Hatoyama is elected Prime Minister of Japan, taking office on September 16, when he succeeds Taro Aso. He resigns on June 2, 2010.
2014 – Prime Minister of Poland Donald Tusk is chosen as the new EU President, while Federica Mogherini of Italy is chosen as the next EU Foreign Policy Chief.
2016 – Doris McLemore, the last–surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language, dies aged 89.

Births

Up to 1900

1334 – King Peter I of Castile (d. 1369)
1377 – Shah Rukh, ruler Persia and Transoxonia (d. 1447)
1401 – Georgios Sphantzes, Byzantine historian (d. 1479)
1569 – Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (d. 1627)
1705 – David Hartley, English philosopher (d. 1757)
1720 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer (d. 1796)
1727 – Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1804)
1731 – Jacob Sievers, Russian statesman (d. 1828)
1739 – George Mathews, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 1812)
1745 – Johann Hieronymus Schroeter, German jurist and astronomer (d. 1816)
1748 – Jacques-Louis David, French painter (d. 1825)
1758 – Cristobal Bencomo y Rodriguez, Spanish priest (d. 1835)
1785 – Lin Zexu, Chinese scholar and official (d. 1850)
1797 – Mary Shelley, British writer of Frankenstein (d. 1851)
1798 – Virginie Dejazet, French actress (d. 1875)
1800 – Auguste von Harrach, wife of Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1873)
1808 – Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (d. 1892)
1812 – Agoston Narasidhy, Hungarian traveler, writer and winemaker (d. 1869)
1813 – Princess Mathilde of Bavaria (d. 1892)
1818 – Alexander H. Rice, 30th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
1820 – Gustave Le Gray, French photography pioneer (d. 1884)
1820 – Hardin Richard Runnels, 6th Governor of Texas (d. 1873)
1821 – Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian–born Italian revolutionary (d. 1849)
1844 – Friedrich Ratzel, German zoologist and geographer (d. 1904)
1850 – Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, lawyer and journalist (d. 1896)
1852 – Jacobus Henricus van t' Hoff, Dutch chemist (d. 1911)
1855 – Evelyn De Morgan, British painter (d. 1919)
1856 – Carl David Tolme Runge, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1927)
1860 – Isaac Lewitan, Russian painter (d. 1900)
1870 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (d. 1891)
1871 – Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand chemist and physicist (d. 1937)
1884 – Theodor Svedberg, Swedish physicist (d. 1971)
1890 – Samuel Frederick Henry Thompson, English captain and pilot (d. 1918)
1893 – Huey Long, American politician (d. 1935)
1896 – Raymond Massey, Canadian actor (d. 1983)
1898 – Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)

1901 – 1950

1901 – Roy Wilkins, American Civil rights activist (d. 1981)
1902 – Jozef Maria Bochenski, Polish philosopher (d. 1995)
1907 – John Mauchly, American physicist and computer engineer (d. 1980)
1908 – Fred MacMurray, American actor (d. 1991)
1910 – Roger Bushell, English soldier and pilot (d. 1944)
1912 – Nancy Wake, New Zealand–born Australian spy in World War II, known as the "White Mouse" (d. 2011)
1912 – Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist (d. 1997)
1913 – Richard Stone, British economist (d. 1991)
1915 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, Welsh–born Swedish princess (d. 2013)
1917 – Denis Healey, British politician (d. 2015)
1917 – Vladimir Kirillovich, pretender to the Russian throne (d. 1992)
1918 – Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002)
1919 – Wolfgang Wagner, German festival organiser (d. 2010)
1919 – Kitty Wells, American singer (d. 2012)
1921 – Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (d. 2012)
1922 – Lionel Murphy, 22nd Attorney–General of Australia (d. 1986)
1922 – Regina Resnik, American mezzo soprano (d. 2013)
1923 – Vic Seixas, American tennis player
1925 – Laurent de Brunhoff, French author and illustrator
1927 – Bill Daily, American actor (d. 2018)
1930 – Warren Buffett, American businessman
1930 – Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (d. 2002)
1931 – Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982)
1933 – Don Getty, 11th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
1935 – John Phillips, American singer-songwriter (Mamas and Papas) (d. 2001)
1937 – Bruce McLaren, New Zealand racing driver (d. 1970)
1938 – Murray Gleeson, Australian judge, 11th Chief Justice of Australia
1938 – Abel Laudonio, Argentine boxer and actor (d. 2014)
1939 – John Peel, British DJ (d. 2004)
1939 – Elizabeth Ashley, American actress
1940 – Ricardo Bauleo, Argentine actor (d. 2014)
1942 – Jonathan Aitken, Irish–British politician
1943 – Jean-Claude Killy, French skier
1943 – Robert Crumb, American cartoonist.
1943 – Bobby Lennox, Scottish footballer
1944 – Tug McGraw, American baseball player (d. 2004)
1944 – Frances Cairncross, English economist, journalist and academic
1946 – Anne-Marie, Danish princess and former Queen of Greece
1946 – Peggy Lipton, American actress
1948 – Lewis Black, American comedian, author and actor
1948 – Fred Hampton, American political activist (d. 1969)
1948 – Victor Skumin, Russian professor, philosopher, writer.
1949 – Peter Maffay, German singer
1949 – Christopher Collins, American actor, voice artist and comedian (d. 1994)
1950 – Antony Gormley, British sculptor
1950 – Micky Moody, English guitarist (Whitesnake)

1951 – 1975

1951 – Gediminas Kirkilas, Lithuanian politician.
1951 – Dana, Irish singer and politician
1953 – Robert Parish, American basketball player
1953 – Lech Majewski, Polish director, producer and screenwriter
1954 – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus
1955 – Helge Schneider, German comedian, jazz musician, director and actor
1958 – Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist, Human Rights activist and writer (d. 2006)
1958 – Muriel Gray, Scottish broadcaster and writer
1960 – Ben Bradshaw, English politician
1962 – Alexander Litvinenko, Russian–born British citizen and ex–KGB agent (d. 2006)
1963 – Dave Brockie, Canadian–American musician (d. 2014)
1966 – Michael Michele, American actress
1967 – Eddie May, Scottish footballer and coach
1968 – Vladimir Malakhov, Russian ice hockey player
1970 – Paulo Sousa, Portuguese footballer
1971 – Mizuki Kawashita, Japanese mangaka
1972 – Cameron Diaz, American actress
1972 – Pavel Nedved, Czech footballer
1973 – Lisa Ling, American journalist
1974 – Javier Otxoa, Basque cyclist (d. 2018)
1974 – Camilla Lackberg, Swedish writer
1975 – Radhi Jaidi, Tunisian footballer

From 1976

1976 – Sarah-Jane Potts, British actress
1977 – Elden Henson, American actor
1977 – Felix Sanchez, American–Dominican runner
1977 – Kamil Kosowski, Polish footballer
1978 – Sinead Kerr, Scottish figure skater
1978 – Cliff Lee, American baseball player
1979 – Juan Ignacio Chela, Argentine tennis player
1982 – Andy Roddick, American tennis player
1983 – Kris Commons, English–Scottish footballer
1983 – Simone Pepe, Italian footballer
1985 – Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer
1985 – Anna Ushenina, Russian chess player
1986 – Ryan Ross, American guitarist (Panic! at the Disco)
1986 – Aldo Simoncini, Sammmarinese footballer
1988 – Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player
1989 – Bebe Rexha, Albanian–American singer-songwriter
1991 – Farid Mammadov, Azerbaijani singer
1996 – Trevor Jackson, American singer and actor
2001 – Emily Bear, American pianist and composer

Deaths

Up to 1900

526 – Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths and ruler of Italy (b. 454)
1158 – King Sancho III of Castile (b. 1134)
1329 – Khutughtu Khan, Emperor Mingzong of Yuan, of the Yuan Dynasty and Mongol Empire
1428 – Emperor Shoko of Japan (b. 1401)
1483 – King Louis XI of France (b. 1423)
1505 – Elizabeth of Austria (b. 1536)
1580 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528)
1619 – Shimazu Yoshihiro, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1535)
1751 – Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b. 1661)
1856 – Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, writer (b. 1811)
1879 – John Bell Hood, Confederate general (b. 1831)
1896 – Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian statesman (b. 1824)

1901 – 2000

1906 – Hans Auer, Swiss architect (b. 1847)
1907 – Richard Mansfield, actor–manager, (b. 1857)
1928 – Wilhelm Wien, German physicist (b. 1864)
1935 – Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
1937 – Gaetano Bisletti, Italian cardinal (b. 1896)
1938 – Max Factor, Sr., Polish–American make–up artist and businessman (b. 1877)
1940 – J.J. Thomson, English physicist (b. 1856)
1941 – Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer and physicist (b. 1874)
1943 – Father Eustaquio van Lieshout, ss.cc., Dutch Roman Catholic priest (b. 1890)
1945 – Alfréd Schaffer, Hungarian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1893)
1946 – Konstantin Rodzaevsky, Russian fascist (b. 1907)
1949 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1887)
1954 – Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Italian cardinal (b. 1880)
1957 – Otto Suhr, Mayor of Berlin (b. 1894)
1961 – Charles Coburn, actor (b. 1877)
1971 – Ali Hadi Bara, Turkish sculptor (b. 1906)
1979 – Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938)
1981 – Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Iranian statesman (b. 1933)
1981 – Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Iranian statesman
1981 – Vera-Ellen, actress (b. 1921)
1985 – Taylor Caldwell, American writer (b. 1900)
1991 – Jean Tinguely, Swiss kinetic artist (b. 1925)
1994 – Lindsay Anderson, movie director (b. 1923)
1995 – Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (b. 1942)
1996 – Christine Pascal, French actress (b. 1953)
1997 – Ernst Willimowski, Polish footballer (b. 1916)
1999 – Jan Brasser, Dutch athlete (b. 1912)

From 2001

2001 – Govan Mbeki, South African political activist (b. 1910)
2003 – Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921)
2003 – Donald Davidson, American philosopher (b. 1917)
2004 – Fred Whipple, American astronomer (b. 1906)
2005 – Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (b. 1890)
2006 – Glenn Ford, Canadian–American actor (b. 1916)
2006 – Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer (b. 1911)
2008 – Killer Kowalski, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1926)
2010 – J. C. Bailey, American professional wrestler (b. 1983)
2010 – Alain Corneau, French moviemaker (b. 1943)
2010 – Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (b. 1910)
2012 – Chris Lighty, American music industry executive (b. 1968)
2013 – Seamus Heaney, Irish writer and poet (b. 1939)
2013 – Soledad Mexia, Mexican–American supercentenarian (b. 1899)
2014 – Bipan Chandra, Indian historian (b. 1928)
2014 – Igor Decraene, Belgian cyclist (b. 1996)
2014 – Victoria Mallory, American actress and singer (b. 1949)
2014 – Bud Andrews, American radio personality and DJ (b. 1940)
2014 – David Mitchell, English politician (b. 1928)
2015 – Bart Cummings, Australian racehorse trainer (b. 1927)
2015 – Oliver Sacks, English–American neurologist and author (b. 1933)
2015 – Wes Craven, American director, writer, producer and actor (b. 1939)
2015 – Marvin Mandel, American politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (b. 1920)
2015 – Hugo Rasmussen, Danish jazz musician (b. 1944)
2015 – Edward Fadeley, American attorney and politician (b. 1929)
2016 – Doris McLemore, last–surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language (b. 1927)
2017 – Marjorie Boulton, English author (b. 1924)
2017 – Louise Hay, American author (b. 1926)
2017 – Abdul Jabbar, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1938)
2017 – Rollie Massimino, American basketball coach (b. 1934)
2017 – Sumiteru Taniguchi, Japanese anti–nuclear weapons activist (b. 1929)
2017 – Richard Sui On Chang, American Episcopal prelate, Bishop of Hawaii (b. 1941)
2017 – Sam Pivnik, Polish Holocaust survivor and author (b. 1926)
2018 – Joseph Kobzon, Russian singer (b. 1937)
2018 – Ray, Hong Kong professional wrestler (b. 1982)

Observances

International Day of the Disappeared
Saint Rose of Lima (Peru)
Victory Day (Turkey)
Republic Day (Tatarstan)