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Eluru

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Eluru
ఏలూరు
Helapuri
City
CountryIndia
StateAndhra Pradesh
DistrictWest Godavari
Government
 • M.PMaganti Venkateswara Rao (Babu) -Telugu Desam Party 2014
 • M.L.ABadeti Kota Ramarao (Bujji)-Telugu Desam Party 2014
Area
[1]
 • City
14.50 km2 (5.60 sq mi)
Elevation
22 m (72 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • City
217,876
 • Rank6th (in AP)
 • Density15,000/km2 (39,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
[2]
283,648
Languages
 • OfficialTelugu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Telephone code+91–8812
Vehicle registrationAP–37
WebsiteEluru Municipal Corporation

Eluru is a city and district headquarters of West Godavari district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.[3] It is one of the 13 municipal corporations in the state, and the mandal headquarters of Eluru mandal in Eluru revenue division.[4][5] As of 2011 Census of India, the city had a population of 283,648.[1] The city was also referred previously as Helapuri.[6]

History

History of Eluru dates back to 2nd century and has great prominence in the history of Andhra. Vengi (Pedavegi, Chinavegi, and Denduluru) near Eluru was capital of Andhra from 2nd century to 12th century, ruled by Salankayanas, Vishnukudinas, and Eastern Chalukyas. Vengi was capital of Andhra for many years than other city. Helapuri (Eluru) was part of the Buddhist kingdom of Vengi.

Eastern Chalukyas Period (7th century to 12th century):

Eastern Chalukyas, or Chalukyas of Vengi were a South Indian dynasty whose kingdom was located in the present day Andhra Pradesh. Their capital was Vengi (Pedavegi and Denduluru, near Eluru) and their dynasty lasted for around 500 years from the 7th century until c. 1130 C.E. when the Vengi kingdom merged with the Chola empire. The Vengi kingdom was continued to be ruled by Eastern Chalukyan kings under the protection of the Chola empire until 1189 C.E., when the kingdom succumbed to the Hoysalas and the Yadavas. They had their capital originally at Vengi now (Pedavegi, Chinavegi and Denduluru) near Eluru of the West Godavari district end later changed to Rajamahendravaram (Rajamundry).

Kakathiya, Kalinga, Vijayanagara, and Golkonda's Period (13th Century to 16th Century):

Eluru was later captured by Kakatiyas and then became a part of the Kalinga Empire until 1471. Later it fell into the hands of the Gajapathis. In 1515 Srikrishnadevaraya captured it. After the fall of the Vijayanagara Kingdom, it was taken by the Sultan of Golkonda, Kutub Shah.

Modern History:

Eluru (Ellore)was formerly a military station, and the capital of the Northern Circars, a former division of British India's Madras Presidency.[7] Salabat Jang, the son of the Nizam al Mulk, granted Northern Circurs to French East India Company and was necessarily transferred from the French to the British. After the British established control over South India, Eluru and surrounding areas were merged into the Madras Presidency.

During the division of Northern Cirkars into districts, Eluru was made a part of Machilipatnam district. Later, it was included in the Godavari District in 1859. Subsequently, Eluru was made part of the Krishna District. Finally, in 1925, West Godavari District was formed with Eluru as its headquarters. All district offices and regional offices were set up in Eluru city.

Eluru was upgraded from a municipality to a corporation in April 2005 and eventually grew into a well developed town. In the process, some of the surrounding villages were merged in the city, raising the city's population to 285,900.

Climate

Eluru city falls in the hot humid region of the country and it is less than 40 miles (64 km) from Bay of Bengal. The climate of the city is very hot in the summers and it is pleasant during the winter. The hottest day falls in the month of May with shift to June during some years. The maximum temperature observed is 51.7 C and the minimum temperature observed is 12.9 C.

Demographics

See also: List of cities in Andhra Pradesh

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Eluru urban agglomeration had a population of 515,000, out of which males were 260,000 and females were 255,000. The literacy rate was 75.98 per cent. Eluru municipal corporation had a population of 327,533.[8][9] The population of the city increased from 33,521 in 1901 to 3,12,866 in 1991 registering a growth of 65% during the period from 1901 to 1991. The literacy rate of the city has been 72% as per 1991 census. The city recorded a growth rate of 26.63% during 1981–91. In 2001 the population increased slightly to 315,642. In the middle of the year 2005 the city has the population of around 350,000. In 2009 it was about 414,400. The population of the city has increased to 515,000 as per 2011 census.

Geography

Eluru is located at 16°42′N 81°06′E / 16.7°N 81.1°E / 16.7; 81.1 and has an average elevation of 22 m (72 ft).

Governance

Civic administration

Eluru Municipal Corporation was formed on 9 April 2005 by upgrading it from selection grade municipality.[6] It is spread over an of 14.50 km2 (5.60 sq mi) with 50 wards.[1] Eluru urban agglomeration constituents include Eluru municipal corporation, census towns of Sanivarapupeta, Satrampadu, Gavaravaram, Tangellamudi and partly out growths of Komadavolu, Eluru (Rural) villages.[5]

Politics

Eluru (Assembly constituency) is one of the constituency for Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Badeti Kota Ramarao is the present MLA of the constituency from Telugu Desam Party.[10] The constituency falls under Eluru (Lok Sabha constituency) which was won by Maganti Venkateswara Rao of Telugu Desam Party.[11][12]

Transport

Eluru Station

Eluru is well connected to most of the cities and towns in Andhra Pradesh by APSRTC services. National Highway 5, a part of the Golden Quadrilateral connecting Chennai and Kolkatta, passes through the city. Eluru railway station is located on the broad gauge Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada section of the Howrah-Chennai main line. It is administered under Vijayawada railway division of South Central Railway zone. Eluru, Power Pet and Vatluru are the major railway stations. National Waterway 4 (India) (NW-4) has been declared as an Indian National Waterway and is under development. The National Waterway 4 (India) (NW-4) runs along the Coromandal Coast through Kakinada, Eluru, Commanur, Buckingham Canal and also through part of Krishna and Godavari rivers in South India. Vijayawada Airport is the nearest airport at a distance of 40 km.

Education

Many private residential junior colleges, high schools and technical institutions are present in Eluru and thousands of students from various places in the district and state study in these institutions every year. They include Eluru College of Engineering and Technology.[13]

Cityscape

Neighbourhoods

Kolleru Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in India located at 15 km from the city of Eluru, which is home to many migratory birds. The abode of Lord Venkateswara at Dwaraka Tirumala and Guntupalli Group of Buddhist Monuments near Kamavarapukota are is at distance of 40 km.

Notable personalities

  • Kommareddi Suryanarayana - Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha member in Indian Parliament, Indian freedom activist.
  • Murali Mohan - is an Indian film actor, Lok Sabha member in Indian Parliament from Rajamundry, film producer, politician and a business executive from Chataparru in Eluru Mandal.
  • Sekhar Kammula is a Telugu film director whose family originally was from Eluru.
  • Vedantam Prahlada Sarma was an expert Kuchipudi actor and dancer. moved to Kalakshetram, the leading Kuchipudi centre in Eluru, where he taught disciples like Raja and Radha Reddy.
  • Duvvuri Subbarao is an Indian Economist, Central Banker and Civil Servant. He was the 22nd Governor of Reserve Bank of India, served under Prime Minister Dr.Manmohan Singh.
  • Silk Smitha was an Indian film artiste who worked predominantly in the South Indian languages. She became the most sought-after erotic actress in the early 1980s. In a career spanning 17 years, she appeared in over 450 films in Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi languages.
  • L. V. Prasad was an Indian film producer, actor, director, cinematographer and businessman. He was one of the pioneers of Indian cinema and is the recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest Award for India cinems.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Eluru Municipal Corporation Details". Eluru Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  2. ^ "Population Statistics". Eluru Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  3. ^ "District - West Godavari". Andhra Pradesh Online Portal. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  4. ^ "West Godavari District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. p. 439. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  5. ^ a b "District Census Handbook - West Godavari" (PDF). Census of India. p. 22–23,54. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  6. ^ a b Unnisa, edited by Syeda Azeem; Rav, S. Bhupatthi (2013). Sustainable solid waste management (Online-Ausg. ed.). Toronto: Apple Academic Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-926895-24-6. Retrieved 18 September 2015. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)
  7. ^ "Ellore - Encyclopedia". theodora.com.
  8. ^ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 2012-10-20.
  9. ^ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 2012-10-20.
  10. ^ "MLA". AP State Portal. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  11. ^ "MP (Lok Sabha)". Government of AP. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  12. ^ "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 20,30. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  13. ^ "Welcome! Eluru College of Engineering & Technology : Eluru". ecet.ac.in.
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