Police brutality
Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, and verbal attacks and threats by police officers. Widespread, systematic police brutality persists in some countries with authoritarian governments, corruption, or ineffective judicial systems. Individual incidents of police brutality occur in most or all countries, even those which actively prosecute and successfully punish such activity. Brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct, which include false arrest, intimidation, racial profiling, political repression, surveillance abuse, sexual abuse and police corruption.
Police brutality with respect to certain social groups can in some cases be disproportionate or be perceived to be disproportionate. Differences in race, religion, politics, and economic status between police and the citizenry can contribute to the creation of an antagognistic relationship in which a significant portion of the population view the police as oppressors and a significant number of the police view the population as deserving punishment.
Various community groups have addressed police brutality and have worked to engender change in police behavior in their communities. These groups often stress the need for oversight by independent citizen review boards and other methods of ensuring accountability for police actions. A U.S.-based network of organizations that actively monitors and videotapes the police to prevent police brutality is Copwatch. Umbrella organizations including the October 22nd Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation and justice committees (usually named after a deceased individual or those victimized by police violence) usually engage in a solidarity of those affected.
Some instances where police brutality has become a political or religious issue include:
- African-Americans and Hispanics in the United States
- Arab and African immigrants in France
- Asians in the United Kingdom protesting a meeting of the BNP
- Catholics in Northern Ireland (see Royal Ulster Constabulary)
- Protests at political rallies, including the 2004 Republican and Democratic National Conventions
- Various protests and/or street preaching by evangelical and fundamentalist Christians in the United States
- Various pro-democratic activities in China, Cuba and other countries.
- Various strike actions, protests, and acts of civil disobedience, including recent anti-globalization protests.
Examples of Police Brutality
- Steve Biko
- Oscar Elías Biscet
- Robert Davis
- Patrick Dorismond
- Dongzhou protests of 2005
- Fred Hampton
- Rodney King
- Abner Louima
- Paris massacre of 1961
- Blair Peach
- Daniel Rocha
- Jeffery Turner
- Battle of the Beanfield