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Peugeot 405

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Peugeot 405
Overview
ManufacturerPeugeot
Production1987–1997 (France, United Kingdom)
1987—present (Egypt and Iran only)
DesignerPininfarina
Body and chassis
ClassLarge family car
Body style4-door sedan
5-door wagon
LayoutFront engine, Front-wheel drive / Four-wheel drive
RelatedCitroën BX
Powertrain
EngineInline-4, 1.4-2.0 L, petrol/diesel
Dimensions
WheelbaseTemplate:Auto mm
LengthTemplate:Auto mm
WidthTemplate:Auto mm-Template:Auto mm
HeightTemplate:Auto mm-Template:Auto mm
Curb weightTemplate:Auto kg-Template:Auto kg
Chronology
PredecessorPeugeot 404
Peugeot 305
SuccessorPeugeot 406
File:Peugeot 405 front 01.jpg
1990 Peugeot 405 Mi16
File:Peugeot 405 rear 01.jpg
1990 Peugeot 405 Mi16

The Peugeot 405 is a large family car released by the French automaker Peugeot in 1987 and which continues to be manufactured under license outside France. The 405 was voted European Car of the Year in 1988.

Design and styling

It has been available in left-hand and right-hand-drive versions, as a saloon and station wagon, in front-wheel, and four-wheel drive. Designed by Pininfarina, the 405 shares its platform with the Citroën BX that appeared in 1982.

Production and markets

About 2.5 million vehicles have been sold worldwide. It slotted into the Peugeot range between the smaller 309 and the larger 505, giving it a firm rival for the Ford Sierra and Vauxhall Cavalier/Opel Vectra.

The 405 was the last Peugeot vehicle sold in the US, the company withdrawing in 1991.[1]

Designed in France, it has been manufactured in:

  • Europe: from 1987 to 1997 at Sochaux (France) and Ryton (UK).
  • Zimbabwe: until 2002, by Quest.
  • Egypt: Wagih Abaza produces the 405, as well as marketing other models.
  • Iran: currently produced by Iran Khodro.
  • Argentina:Several saloon models, including diesels were built in the Villa Bosch Peugeot facility from 1992 to 1999. In this country the 405 has been an extremely popular car, with total sales of over 500,000 units.
  • Poland: Produced by FSO Lublin.

Iranian variants

Iran Khodro also produces several models derived from the 405. The Peugeot Pars, also known as the Peugeot Persia, is a facelifted 405 with a redesigned front end including clear lamp lenses and a revised rear. The Peugeot RD is a rear wheel drive car which has a 405 body and mechanical parts from the Paykan.[2] Since 2006, it has been sold in certain Middle Eastern markets as the Peugeot Roa.[3]

The Samand, which was designed to be a "national car" for Iran, is also based on the 405 platform. It replaced the long-running Peykan which was itself based on the Hillman Hunter, an ancestor (in corporate ownership and model positioning terms) of the 405.

Timeline

  • 1987: In July, Peugeot unveiled 10 versions of the 405 simultaneously for the 1988 model year. The 405 was available as a 4-door only. Four-cylinder petrol engines included 65, 92, 110, 125, and 160 hp (48, 69, 82, 93, and 119 kW) units.
  • 1988: 70 and 90 hp (52 and 67 kW) diesel engines are added to the range.
  • 1989: Estate introduced. 500,000 vehicles already produced.
  • 1990: In France, the 1 millionth 405 leaves the Sochaux factory. BE1 transmission replaced by the BE3.
  • 1991: Updates to the dashboard, steering wheel, and soundproofing.
  • 1992: Launch of the turbocharged, 16-valve, four wheel drive 405 T16. (LHD only)
  • 1993: Phase 2 model. New boot (trunk) with better ingress, new rear lights and boot design and new dashboard.
  • 1995: The 405's replacement, the 406 is introduced. 405 saloon discontinued. Airbag becomes an option on some models, and standard on the Mi16 (except UK) and T16.
  • 1997: Estate discontinued in Europe, marking the end of European production of the 405.

Versions

  • GE/GL/GR - 1.6 L 8-valve carburretted, basic model
  • GLX - 1.9 L 8-valve Turbo Diesel, luxury specification including rear spoiler
  • GR - 1.9 L 110 bhp 8-valve carburretted, basic model
  • SR - Same as GL but included optionals such as power windows, climate control, body coloured rear view mirrors and door handles.
  • SRi /GRi /GTX - 1.9 L 125 bhp 8-valve fuel injected, based on the same engine as the 205 GTI 1.9.
  • Mi16 - Initially 1.9L (1905cc) 16-valve fuel injected all alloy engine, with 160 bhp. The engine (XU9J4) of the Mi16 was later used by Peugeot as the basis for the engine in the 206 WRC, winning two championships. The engine underwent a redesign for model year 1993; The all alloy design was swapped for a cast iron block, its displacement was increased to 2.0 L and in altering the injection system some peak horsepower (155 bhp) was traded for more torque
  • T16 - The top of the line, 200 hp at 1,1 bar (normal boost) 220 hp at 1,3 bar (overboost) for 45 sec. 2.0 L 16-valve turbocharged XU10J4TE engine with watercooled chargecooler, constant four wheel drive with 53/47% power distribution. 1046 examples were built, 10 of them for the French Police.
  • GRD - 1.9L Diesel
  • GRDt - 1,9L Diesel with turbo

Motorsport

The Pikes Peak version of the 405 Turbo 16 GR.

The most famous motorsport version of the 405, the rallying 405 Turbo 16 GR, was very different from the road-going 405. It was built in a coupe body style in mid-engine configuration, had constant four wheel drive with electronically-adjustable center differential like the 205 T16, as it was based on the same technology. Only two examples were made, one raced hill climbs and the other competed in the Paris-Dakar rally. Today, one is in the official Peugeot museum, and the other is in a private collection.

  • 1988: Finnish driver Ari Vatanen set a new record in the Pikes Peak International Hillclimb (an award winning film of the drive titled Climb Dance was made by Jean Louis Mourey). Kankkunen and Piironen win the Paris-Dakar Rally in the 405 T16 GR.
  • 1989: Victory in the Paris-Dakar rally by the Vatanen-Ickx team in a 405 T16 GR.
  • 1990: Victory in the Paris-Dakar rally by the Vatanen-Berglund team in a 405 T16 GR.

Racing 405s much closer in specification to the road-going models were campaigned for several years in European touring car racing during the early to mid 1990s, most notably in the British Touring Car Championship and the French Supertourisme Championship. In Britain, the 405 did not achieve much success, but the car won the French series in both 1994 and 1995, in the hands of Laurent Aïello.


Advertising

A famous 1989 television advertisement for the 405 featured a version of the Berlin hit record Take My Breath Away, playing as a 405 GTX sped through exploding fields of fire.

Notes

  1. ^ "Peugeot and Sterling pull out of the U.S - Brief Article". findarticles.com. Retrieved 2007-06-19.
  2. ^ "Peugeot RD". ikco.com. Retrieved 2007-06-19.
  3. ^ "Oriente Medio: Peugeot resucita al 405". es.autoblog.com. Retrieved 2007-06-19. Template:Es icon
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