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James B. Utt

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James B. Utt
Portrait by Harris & Ewing, c. 1950s
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from California
In office
January 3, 1953 – March 1, 1970
Preceded byNew seat
Succeeded byJohn G. Schmitz
Constituency
Member of the California State Assembly
from the 74th district
In office
January 2, 1933 – January 4, 1937
Preceded byArchibald E. Brock
Succeeded byClyde A. Watson
Personal details
Born
James Boyd Utt

(1899-03-11)March 11, 1899
Tustin, California, U.S.
DiedMarch 1, 1970(1970-03-01) (aged 70)
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.
Resting placeSanta Ana Cemetery in Santa Ana, California
Political partyRepublican
EducationUniversity of Southern California (BA, JD)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • lawyer

James Boyd Utt (March 11, 1899 – March 1, 1970) was an American lawyer and politician. A Republican from Orange County, California, he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1953 until his death from a heart attack in 1970.

Early life and education

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Utt was born in Tustin in Orange County. He attended public schools and Santa Ana Junior College. He worked in citrus processing, served in the California State Assembly from 1933 to 1937, and was an inheritance tax appraiser in the state controller's office during 1936 to 1952.

In 1946, at the age of forty-seven, Utt graduated from the University of Southern California Law School, was admitted to the bar the next year, and practiced law in Santa Ana.

Congress

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In 1952, Utt was first elected to the 83rd Congress. He polled 106,972 votes (63%) against the Democrat Lionel Van Deerlin, who drew 62,779 votes (37%). Utt had no serious challengers in what became an increasingly "safe" seat for him. For instance, in the heavily Democratic year of 1958, he polled 152,855 votes (58%) to Democrat T. R. Boyett's 109,794 votes (42%).

In 1962, when Richard M. Nixon lost the governorship to incumbent Democrat Edmund G. "Pat" Brown, Sr., Utt won reelection with 133,737 (68.5%) to Democrat Burton Shamsky's 61,393 (31.5%). In the wake of Barry Goldwater's landslide defeat in 1964, Utt still polled 65 percent in his district. In 1966, when Ronald W. Reagan blocked a third term for "Pat" Brown, Utt received 73.1 percent in his district (his strongest showing ever). In 1968, when Nixon was elected president, Utt drew a similar vote of 72.5%. That turned out to be his last election, for he died in office before completing the 1969–1971 term.

Conservatism

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One of the most right-wing members in the House of Representatives from his beginning in 1953 to his death in 1970, Utt opposed welfare programs provided by the federal government, likening them to a "child molester who offers candy before his evil act".[1]

Utt voted against the Civil Rights Acts of 1960,[2] 1964,[3] and 1968,[4] and the Voting Rights Act of 1965,[5] but did not vote on the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and abstained from voting on the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.[6][7]

Utt had a penchant for conspiracy theories, claiming in 1963 that "a large contingent of barefooted Africans" might be training in Georgia as part of a United Nations military exercise to take over the United States. That same year, he also claimed that African Americans might be training in Cuba to invade the United States.[8] Utt believed that the Beatles' music caused artificial neurosis in young people. While not a member of the John Birch Society, Utt often spoke in favor of it, and criticized Richard Nixon's denunciations of the organization as ridiculous. During his time in Congress, Utt sponsored bills that would outlaw the income tax and prevent far-right Croatian Andrija Artuković from being deported. Utt also expressed opposition to statehood for Hawaii due to the Territory having too many non-white people and not enough Christians, interracial sex and sex education.[9][10] A supporter of the Vietnam War, Utt told his grandson James that he'd rather see him dead and buried in Vietnam than have his political views. Unlike his grandfather, James opposed the war.[11]

In 1964, he had been a strong supporter of fellow Republican Barry Goldwater for the presidency. Goldwater had also voted against the 1964 civil rights law on constitutional and libertarian grounds but later repudiated his position. Utt criticized Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy's treatment of Mississippi Governor Ross Barnett as "vicious" and described the Kennedy and Johnson administrations' positions on civil rights as "Hitlerite."[12]

In 1966, journalist Drew Pearson reported that Utt was one of a group of four Congressmen who had received the "Statesman of the Republic" award from Liberty Lobby for their "right-wing activities".[13]

Death and burial

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He died at Bethesda Naval Hospital of a heart attack, which occurred as he was attending church just 10 days shy of his 71st birthday.[14] Utt is interred at Santa Ana Cemetery in Santa Ana.

Utt was succeeded in the 35th Congressional District by fellow conservative Republican John G. Schmitz.

Electoral history

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1952 United States House of Representatives elections in California[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt 106,972 63.0
Democratic Lionel Van Deerlin 62,779 37.0
Total votes 169,751 100.0
Republican win (new seat)
1954 United States House of Representatives elections in California[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (Incumbent) 95,680 66.2
Democratic Harriet Enderle 48,785 33.8
Total votes 144,465 100.0
Republican hold
1956 United States House of Representatives elections in California[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (Incumbent) 159,456 64.5
Democratic Gordon T. Shepard 87,691 35.5
Total votes 247,147 100.0
Republican hold
1958 United States House of Representatives elections in California[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (Incumbent) 152,855 58.2
Democratic T. R. Boyett 109,794 41.8
Total votes 262,649 100.0
Republican hold
1960 United States House of Representatives elections in California[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (Incumbent) 241,765 60.9
Democratic Max E. Woods 155,221 39.1
Total votes 396,986 100.0
Republican hold
1962 United States House of Representatives elections in California[20]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (incumbent) 133,737 68.5
Democratic Burton Shamsky 61,395 31.5
Total votes 195,132 100.0
Republican hold
1964 United States House of Representatives elections in California[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (incumbent) 167,791 65.0
Democratic Paul B. Carpenter 90,295 35.0
Total votes 258,086 100.0
Republican hold
1966 United States House of Representatives elections in California[22]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (incumbent) 189,582 73.1
Democratic Thomas B. Lenhart 69,873 26.9
Total votes 259,455 100.0
Republican hold
1968 United States House of Representatives elections in California[23]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James B. Utt (incumbent) 212,684 72.5
Democratic Thomas B. Lenhart 73,778 25.1
American Independent Annie McDonald 7,000 2.4
Total votes 293,462 100.0
Republican hold

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Triumph of the Right The Rise of the California Conservative Movement, 1945-1966; Kurt Schuparra, 1998
  2. ^ "HR 8601. PASSAGE".
  3. ^ "H.R. 7152. PASSAGE".
  4. ^ "TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO ESTABLISH PENALTIES FOR INTERFERENCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON ENGAGED IN ONE OF THE 8 ACTIVITIES PROTECTED UNDER THIS BILL MUST BE RACIALLY MOTIVATED TO INCUR THE BILL'S PENALTIES".
  5. ^ "TO PASS H.R. 6400, THE 1965 VOTING RIGHTS ACT".
  6. ^ "HR 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957". GovTrack.us.
  7. ^ "S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS". GovTrack.us.
  8. ^ "1963", OC Almanac
  9. ^ Nazi Aide Lives in California; Jewish Telegraphic Agency, November 30, 1973
  10. ^ The Racist Roots of the War on Sex Ed; Planned Parenthood Arizona, January 7, 2019
  11. ^ Laguna Beach Independent, Heart Talk, July 24, 2016
  12. ^ Reason, Volume 2, 1966
  13. ^ Pearson, Drew (November 2, 1966). "Judge Rules Against Liberty Lobby". The Free Lance-Star. Fredericksburg, Virginia. p. 6. Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  14. ^ "Utt's legacy lives on in Tustin". Orange County Register. January 2, 2013.
  15. ^ "1952 election results" (PDF).
  16. ^ "1954 election results" (PDF).
  17. ^ "1956 election results" (PDF).
  18. ^ "1958 election results" (PDF).
  19. ^ "1960 election results" (PDF).
  20. ^ 1962 election results
  21. ^ 1964 election results
  22. ^ 1966 election results
  23. ^ 1968 election results

Further reading

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  • Memorial services held in the House of Representatives and Senate of the United States, together with tributes presented in eulogy of James B. Utt, late a Representative from California. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1970)
  • Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections
[edit]
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
District created
 United States Representative for the 28th Congressional District of California
1953–1963 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
District created
 United States Representative for the 35th Congressional District of California
1963–1970 		Succeeded by
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