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KRS-One

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
KRS-One
KRS-One in 2008
Taarifa za awali
Jina la kuzaliwaLawrence Parker
Pia anajulikana kama
  • KRS
  • Teacha
  • The Blastmaster
  • Big Joe Krash
  • The Temple of Hip Hop
Amezaliwa20 Agosti 1965 (1965-08-20) (umri 59)
Brooklyn, New York City, U.S.
Aina ya muziki
Kazi yake
  • Rapper
  • singer
  • lyricist
  • record producer
Miaka ya kazi1986–hadi sasa
Studio

Lawrence "Kris" Parker (alizaliwa 20 Agosti, 1965), anajulikana zaidi kwa jinale la kisanii KRS-One (ikiwa ni kifupi cha "Knowledge Reigns Supreme Over Nearly Everyone"[1]) na Teacha, ni rapa wa Kimarekani kutoka mjini Bronx. Alijipatia umaarufu kama sehemu ya kundi la hip-hop Boogie Down Productions, ambalo alilianzisha na DJ Scott La Rock katikati ya miaka ya 1980. KRS-One anajulikana kwa nyimbo zake kama "Sound of da Police", "Love's Gonna Get'cha (Material Love)", na "My Philosophy". Boogie Down Productions walipata tuzo na pongezi nyingi kutoka kwa wakosoaji katika miaka yao ya mwanzo. Baada ya kutolewa kwa albamu yao ya kwanza, Criminal Minded, msanii mwenzake Scott La Rock aliuawa kwa kupigwa risasi, lakini KRS-One aliendelea na kundi hilo, kimsingi kama mradi wa mtu mmoja. Alianza kutoa rekodi kwa jina lake mwenyewe mnamo 1993. Ukiacha suala zima la sanaa, KRS-One pia ni mwanaharakati wa kisiasa, na alianza Harakati za Kusitisha Vurugu baada ya kifo cha La Rock. Pia ni mwanaharakati wa maisha ya watu wasiokula nyama, jambo linalojitokeza katika wimbo wake wa "Beef".[2] Anachukuliwa sana kama mtu aliyewatia motisha wasanii wengi wa hip-hop. Krs-One huhesabiwa kuwa sehemu ya Kizazi cha dhahabu cha hip hop.

Wasifu

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Maisha ya awali

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Lawrence Parker alizaliwa katika mtaa wa jiji la New York wa Brooklyn mwaka 1965 na mama Mmarekani. Baba yake mzazi hakuhusika katika malezi yake. Alitoka katika kisiwa cha Barbados huko Karibi.[3] Alipitia magumu mno utotoni mwake, akiteseka na vipigo vikali[4] kutoka kwa baba wa kambo wa Kimarekani, John Parker[5] wakati familia hiyo iliishi Harlem.[6] Wakati mama yao alipoondoka katika ndoa hiyo, yeye na mdogo wake Kenny walihamia naye Bronx,[7] kabla ya kuhamia tena mwaka mmoja baadaye kwenda Brooklyn.[8] Maisha ya nyumbani yaliendelea kuwa magumu, ikiwa ni pamoja na vipigo kutoka kwa mchumba mpya wa mama yao kutoka Jamaica,[9] na aliwahi kukimbia nyumbani mara kadhaa.[10]

Akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 alihama nyumbani kabisa. Kuna wakati aliishia maisha ya kichokoraa huko jijini New York,[11] kabla ya kujisajili mwenyewe kwenye kituo cha makundi ya vijana[12] huko Bronx.

Hip-hop

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Alipokuwa akikua, Parker alikuwa na mapenzi ya dhati kwa utamaduni wa hip-hop uliokuwa ukichipuka mjini New York, na wakati huo alikuwa anajinoa kama MC, pamoja na kuwa msanii wa graffiti.[12] Mwaka 1984, aliondoka kwenye kituo cha makazi na kuhamia kwenye hifadhi ya wasio na makazi[12] huko South Bronx. Akiwa kwenye hifadhi hiyo, aliitwa "Krishna" na wakazi kutokana na udadisi wake kuhusu Hare Krishna na ile ari ya baadhi ya wafanyakazi waliopinga umasikini.[13] Akiwa katika hifadhi hiyo ya kijamii alikutana na mshauri wa vijana Scott Sterling a.k.a. DJ Scott La Rock na hapo ndipo uhusiano wa DJ-MC ulianza. Pia alijihusisha na sanaa ya barabarani ya graffiti kwa jina la KRS-One (Knowledge Reigns Supreme Over Nearly Everyone). Wakiwa pamoja yeye na Sterling waliunda Boogie Down Productions, wakitoa albamu yao ya kwanza, Criminal Minded, mwaka 1987.[14]

KRS-One pia anajihusisha na harakati katika kazi zake. Ni mtu muhimu na mwanzilishi wa makundi kadhaa ya hip-hop yaliyofanya kazi ya kuhamasisha amani na elimu, kama vile Stop the Violence Movement na Human Education Against Lies (H.E.A.L.). Pia alianzisha Temple of Hip Hop, kundi lililojitolea kuhifadhi na kupanua utamaduni na kiroho wa hip-hop.[15] Kupitia hili, KRS-One anakusudia kuondoa unyanyapaa dhidi ya hip-hop na "kuinua utambulisho na kujithamini kwa hip-hop".[16] Katika mahojiano na Aki X katika toleo la Januari 2003 la Thrasher, KRS-One alisema: "Hip-hop imetimiza hotuba ya Martin Luther King 'I Have A Dream' ambapo alitamani watoto wa wamiliki wa watumwa na watoto wa watumwa wa zamani wangeshikana mikono kwa undugu kuelekea haki na uhuru. Hip-hop inaonyesha hayo kupitia Eminem na Dr Dre, kupitia Russell Simmons na Beastie Boys, kupitia MC Search. Run DMC na Aerosmith. Hii ndiyo maana ya kuwa hip-hoppa."[17]

Boogie Down Productions

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Makala kuu: Boogie Down Productions

KRS-One alianza kazi ya kurekodi kama mmoja wa watu watatu wa kundi la hip-hop Boogie Down Productions (BDP) pamoja na DJ Scott La Rock na Derrick "D-Nice" Jones. KRS-One alipata hasira na wimbo "The Bridge" (1986) wa MC Shan, mwanafunzi wa Marley Marl (baadaye alisameheana na Marley Marl na walitengeneza albamu pamoja mwaka 2007 iitwayo Hip Hop Lives). Wimbo huo ulitafsiriwa kama dai kwamba Queensbridge ilikuwa chimbuko la hip-hop, ingawa MC Shan alikanusha dai hilo mara kadhaa. KRS-One alimjibu kwa wimbo wa BDP "South Bronx" (1986), na mvutano uliendelea na wimbo wa Shan "Kill That Noise" na jibu la BDP "The Bridge Is Over" (1987). KRS-One, akionesha umahiri wake kama "The Blastmaster", alitumbuiza moja kwa moja dhidi ya MC Shan, na wengi walikubaliana kuwa alishinda pambano hilo la muziki. Wengine[who?] wanaamini kuwa hilo lilikuwa pambano la kwanza la majibizano ya ma-MC ambapo ilionekana kama wasanii hujidhalilisha badala ya kushindana kwa kushawishi umati.[18]

Parker na Sterling waliamua kuanzisha kundi la rap kwa pamoja, wakijitambulisha awali kama "Scott La Rock and the Celebrity Three". Jina hilo halikudumu kwani wanachama wawili walijitoa, na kuwaacha Parker (aliyechukua jina la KRS-One) na Sterling. Waliamua kutumia jina "Boogie Down Productions". Wimbo wao wa kwanza "Success Is the Word", uliotolewa mwaka 1985 chini ya jina la "12:41" kupitia Fresh/Sleeping Bag Records, haukufanikiwa kibiashara.

Boogie Down Productions walitoa albamu yao ya kwanza Criminal Minded mwaka 1987. KRS-One alikuwa MC wa kwanza kuonekana akiwa amebeba bastola ya 9mm kwenye jalada la albamu.[17] Scott La Rock aliuawa mwaka huo baada ya kujaribu kusuluhisha ugomvi kati ya D-Nice na wahuni wa mtaa.

KRS-One pia alijizolea sifa kama mmoja wa MC wa kwanza kuingiza mtindo wa Jamaica kwenye hip-hop, akitumia mdundo wa Zunguzung uliotangazwa na Yellowman katika muziki wa dancehall.[19] Hii inaonekana hasa katika wimbo "Remix for P Is Free". Athari za dancehall pia zinadhihirika kwenye wimbo maarufu "The Bridge Is Over", unaotumia mdundo sawa na wa Super Cat kwenye wimbo wake wa 1986 "Boops".[20] KRS-One anatambulika kama miongoni mwa watu waliounganisha muziki wa Jamaica na hip-hop ya Marekani.

Baada ya kuuawa kwa Scott La Rock mwaka 1987, KRS-One aliendelea na Boogie Down Productions kwa kutoa albamu By All Means Necessary (1988), akishirikiana na beatboxer D-Nice, rapa Ramona "Ms. Melodie" Parker, na kaka yake KRS-One, DJ Kenny Parker. Ingawa kundi lilikuwa na wanachama kadhaa, lilihusishwa zaidi na KRS-One, na nyimbo zake zilianza kuchukua mkondo wa kisiasa. Albamu zilizofuata ni Ghetto Music: The Blueprint of Hip Hop (1989), Edutainment (1990), Live Hardcore Worldwide (1991) na Sex and Violence (1992).

KRS-One alianzisha mradi wa H.E.A.L. na Stop the Violence Movement, na alishirikiana na wasanii maarufu kutoa wimbo "Self Destruction" mwaka 1989. Alianza kuachana na mtazamo wake mkali kama "Blastmaster" na kuingia katika nafasi ya "The Teacha", ingawa bado alitumia jina la Blastmaster mara kwa mara katika kazi zake.

Studio albums

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Boogie Down Productions albums

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Collaboration albums

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Filmografia

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Year Film Role Note
1988 I'm Gonna Git You Sucka KRS-One
1993 Who's the Man? Rashid
1997 Subway Stories: Tales from the Underground Mfanyabiashara
1997 Rhyme & Reason KRS-One
1997 The Cut Jaji
2000 Boricua's Bond
2000 Freestyle: The Art of Rhyme KRS-One
2002 The Freshest Kids KRS-One
2003 2Pac 4 Ever Msimuliaji
2003 Beef KRS-One
2003 Hip-Hop Babylon 2 KRS-One
2003 Soundz of Spirit KRS-One
2003 5 Sides of a Coin KRS-One
2003 MuskaBeatz KRS-One
2004 War on Wax: Rivalries in Hip-Hop KRS-One
2004 Beef II KRS-One
2004 And You Don't Stop: 30 Years of Hip-Hop KRS-One
2004 Hip-Hop Honors KRS-One
2004 Keep Right KRS-One
2005 The MC: Why We Do It KRS-One
2005 The Art of 16 Bars: Get Ya' Bars Up KRS-One
2005 Zoom Prout Prout KRS-One
2006 A Letter to the President KRS-One
2007 Bomb It KRS-One
2008 The Obama Deception KRS-One
2009 Good Hair KRS-One
2011 Rhyme and Punishment Narrator
2011 GhettoPhysics KRS-One
2012 Something from Nothing: The Art of Rap KRS-One
2012 Hidden Colors KRS-One
2014 True Detective Wimbo wa Jukebox katika kilabu cha usiku "Who Goes There"
2015 Hustlers Convention KRS-One
2018 Luke Cage KRS-One "Can't Front on Me"

Machapisho

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Kitabu Mwaka
The Science of Rap (self published, 1996, out of print)[21] 1996
Ruminations (Welcome Rain Publishers, July 25, 2003, out of print)[22] 2003
The Gospel of Hip Hop: The First Instrument[23] 2009

Marejeo

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  1. ↑ Parmar, Priya (Januari 1, 2009). Knowledge Reigns Supreme: The Critical Pedagogy of Hip-Hop Artist KRS-ONE. Brill. ISBN 978-90-77874-64-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. ↑ "KRS-One Vegan Go Veg 2/12/11 The Roxy West Hollywood, CA". YouTube. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-01-11.
  3. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 1: One Giant Leap". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. You kids have a real father. His name is Sheffield, and he's from Barbados.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 1: One Giant Leap". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. He once beat my brother Larry so severely that if left red welt marks all over his body.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  5. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 1: One Giant Leap". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. When John and I got married he adopted both of you, and changed your last name to Parker.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 1: One Giant Leap". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. "The Parkers," lived in a Harlem apartment complex called Lenox Terrace.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 1: One Giant Leap". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. The following day, on Christmas Eve, we moved to the Bronx with nothing. My mother's marriage of three years was over.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 2: Big Wheels". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Our financial situation forced us to move into a small two-bedroom apartment in of all places, East New York, Brooklyn.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  9. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 2: Big Wheels". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. By this time, the beatings increased in both frequency and severity. Joe beat us almost daily.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 3: The Devil Is In The Details". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. During the spring of 1977, at age eleven, Larry ran away from home for the first time. It wouldn't be the last.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  11. ↑ Parker, Kenny (2022-05-31). "Chapter 7: Rice & Butter". My Brother's Name Is Kenny: The Greatest True Hip-Hop Story Ever Told. Kenny Parker Books, LLC. ISBN 978-1736275634. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023. it was clear by Larry's appearance that something was wrong. Everyone could tell Larry was homeless.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "KRS ONE - Outta Here Music Video" (video). youtube.com (kwa Kiingereza). Zomba Group of Companies. 1993. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 2, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Januari 2, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  13. ↑ SeenyT (Julai 8, 2013). "KRS-One talks about Hare Krishna". YouTube. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2021-10-29. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 1, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  14. ↑ "KRS-One Biography". Rollingstone.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Aprili 8, 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 1, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  15. ↑ Parmar, Priya (2009). Knowledge Reigns Supreme: The Critical Pedagogy of Hip-Hop Artist KRS-ONE. Brill. uk. 75. ISBN 9789087909390.
  16. ↑ Mitchell, Gail (Ago 1999). "As Reprise VP And Jive Artist KRS-One. Parker Aims To 'Decriminalize' Hip-Hop". Billboard. Juz. 111, na. 25.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Parker, Lawrence. "KRS-One". Thefreelibrary.com. Thrasher Magazine. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Desemba 14, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo Desemba 10, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  18. ↑ "Beef". IMDb.com. Agosti 1, 2003. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Machi 18, 2017. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 1, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  19. ↑ "wayneandwax.com » Follow Me Now: The Zigzagging Zunguzung Meme". Wayneandwax.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 10, 2010. Iliwekwa mnamo Februari 1, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  20. ↑ "Club Rippa – KRS ONE / Reggae's influence on Boogie Down Productions". www.worldareggae.com. 2022-02-24. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 6, 2023. Iliwekwa mnamo 2023-01-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  21. ↑ The Science of Rap: Lawrence KRS-ONE Parker: Books. L. Parker. Septemba 9, 2009. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Februari 15, 2024. Iliwekwa mnamo Februari 20, 2011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  22. ↑ The Gospel of Hip Hop: The First Instrument (9781576874974): KRS-One: Books. powerHouse Books. Oktoba 24, 2009. ISBN 978-1-57687-497-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  23. ↑ "The long awaited book from the legendary KRS-One the gospel of hip hop: first instrument". powerHouse Books. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo Januari 20, 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo Februari 20, 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

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