Poison Ivy (character)

For other uses of "Poison ivy", see Poison ivy (disambiguation).

Poison Ivy
File:BGK15.png Promotional art for Batman: Gotham Knights #15 cover. Brian Bolland, artist.
Publication information
Publisher	DC Comics
First appearance	Batman #181 (June 1966)
Created by	Robert Kanigher Sheldon Moldoff
In-story information
Alter ego	Pamela Lillian Isley
Team affiliations	Injustice Gang Secret Society of Super Villains Suicide Squad
Abilities	Expertise in botany and toxicology Plant manipulation Can secrete various floral toxins to injure or intoxicate Immunity to all toxins, bacteria, and viruses Semi-mystical connection to the plant world through a force called the Green

Poison Ivy (Pamela Lillian Isley) is a fictional character, a DC Comics supervillain who is primarily an enemy of Batman. Created by Robert Kanigher and Sheldon Moldoff, she first appeared in Batman #181 in (June 1966).

In the series Gotham Girls, Poison Ivy deems herself as one of "the world's most prominent eco-terrorists." She is obsessed with plants, botany, and environmentalism. She utilizes toxins from plants and her own bloodstream for her criminal activities, which are usually aimed at protecting the natural environment. She creates love potions that ensnare Batman, Superman, and other strong-willed individuals. Fellow villain Harley Quinn is her recurring partner-in-crime and possibly her only human friend.

Publication history

Poison Ivy did not initially catch on as a character, and was not heard of again until the rise of feminism brought the need for a greater number of more independent female villains in the series. She was also used to replace the increasingly sympathetic Catwoman as a clearly antagonistic female supervillain for Batman, and then made further appearances in the Batman comic book series and in Suicide Squad. An origin story was later concocted for her.

The character was partly inspired by the short story Rappaccini's Daughter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Similarities exist between the character Beatrice and Ivy, such as Beatrice is a woman imbued with poison through her father's experiments:

"I would fain have been loved, not feared," murmured Beatrice, sinking down upon the ground.--"But now it matters not; I am going, father, where the evil, which thou hast striven to mingle with my being, will pass away like a dream--like the fragrance of these poisonous flowers, which will no longer taint my breath among the flowers of Eden. Farewell, Giovanni! Thy words of hatred are like lead within my heart--but they, too, will fall away as I ascend. Oh, was there not, from the first, more poison in thy nature than in mine?"

Fictional character history

Pre-Crisis

Dr. Pamela Lillian Isley, a promising botanist from Seattle, is seduced by Marc LeGrande into assisting him with the theft of an Egyptian artifact containing ancient herbs. Fearing she would implicate him in the theft, he attempts to poison her with the herbs, which are deadly and untraceable. She survives this murder attempt and discovers she had acquired an immunity to all natural toxins and diseases.

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The first appearance of Poison Ivy, in Batman#181.

Post-Crisis: Life in Seattle and Gotham

Post-Crisis, her origins were revised. Pamela Isley grows up wealthy with emotionally distant parents. She later studies advanced botanical biochemistry at university with Alec Holland under Dr. Jason Woodrue. Isley, a timid, shrinking violet, is easily seduced by her professor. Woodrue injects Isley with poisons and toxins as an experiment, causing her transformation. She nearly dies twice as a result from these poisonings, driving her insane. Later Woodrue flees from the authorities, leaving Pamela in the hospital for six months. Enraged at the betrayal, Pamela suffers from violent mood swings, being sweet one moment and like poison the next. When her boyfriend has a car accident after mysteriously suffering from a massive fungal overgrowth, Isley drops out of school and leaves Seattle, eventually settling in Gotham City.

She begins her criminal career by threatening to release her suffocating spores into the air unless the city meets her demands. The Batman, who appears in Gotham that very same year, thwarts her scheme, and she is incarcerated in Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane. From this point on, she has a kind of obsession with Batman, he being the only person she could not control. Over the years, she develops plant-like superpowers, the most noticeable being a lethal toxin in her lips; she is able to literally kill with a kiss.

In subsequent issues, she states that she only started a life of crime to attain sufficient funds to find a location to be alone with her plants, undisturbed by humanity. A few years later, she attempts to leave Gotham forever, escaping Arkham to settle on a desert island in the Caribbean. She transforms the barren wasteland into a second Eden, and is, for the first time in her life, happy. It is soon firebombed, however, when an American-owned corporation tests their weapons systems out on what they think is an abandoned island. Ivy returns to Gotham with a vengeance, punishing those responsible. After being willingly apprehended by Batman, she resolves that she can never leave Gotham, at least not until the world was safe for plants. From then on, she dedicates herself to the impossible mission of "purifying" Gotham.

At one point, Batman travels to Seattle to ascertain information on Pamela Isley's life before she became Poison Ivy. Here, it is stated that both of Pamela's parents are dead. When and why they died has been left undetermined.

While in Arkham, Poison Ivy receives a message through flowers that someone is to help her escape. That night, two women, Holly and Eva, successfully break Ivy out and bring her back to their employer. She is less than happy to discover that it is the Floronic Man, formerly known as Dr. Jason Woodrue, her former college professor that conducted the experiments on her. The only human portion of him remaining is his head, while the rest of his body is plant-based.

After striking a deal with him in the underground tunnels of Gotham, Ivy receives a trunk full of money in return for samples of her DNA. Woodrue intends to combine their DNA to create a "child", all while flooding the streets of Gotham with high-powered marijuana. The purpose of this is to create a world economy run on hemp and to have their offspring control it. Batman intervenes, but is overcome by Woodrue's henchwomen, Holly and Eva. However, Ivy turns on Floronic Man and lets Batman go to fight the intoxicated maniac. In the end, Batman decapitates the Floronic Man, and Ivy escapes with her money.

At times, Ivy demonstrates positive, even maternal traits. When Gotham City is destroyed in an earthquake, rather than fight over territory like most of Batman's enemies, she holds dominion over Robinson Park and turns it into a tropical paradise. Sixteen children who are orphaned during the quake come to live with her, as she sympathizes with them, having herself suffered a traumatic childhood. She cares for them like sons and daughters, despite her usual misanthropy.

File:IvyVI.jpg

Ivy and her orphans imprisoned in Clayface's mud.

That winter, Clayface (Basil Karlo) pays Ivy a visit, hoping to form a bargain with her. This would entail her growing fruits and vegetables, having the orphans harvest them, and him selling the produce to the highest bidder. She wants nothing to do with the plan, and she attempts to kill him with a kiss. Clayface overpowers her, however, and imprisons Ivy and the orphans for six months in a chamber under the park's lake. He feeds her salt and keeps her from the sun to weaken her. Eventually, Batman comes and discovers the imprisoned orphans and Ivy. The two agree to work together to take Karlo down. Batman battles Clayface and instructs Robin to blow up the lake bed above, allowing the rushing water to break apart the mud, effectively freeing Ivy. She fights Karlo, ensnaring him in the branches of a tree and fatally kissing him. She then proceeds to sink him down into the ground, where he becomes fertilizer for Ivy's plants. Batman, originally intending to take the orphans away from Ivy, recognizes that staying with her is what is best for them, and they remain in her care until the city is restored. Also, as part of a bargain to keep her freedom, Batman arranges it so that Ivy provides fresh produce to the starving hordes of earthquake survivors. Soon after, Ivy finds Harley Quinn, who had almost been murdered by the Joker, among the debris of the earthquake and nurses her back to health. The two have been best friends and partners-in-crime ever since.

After Gotham City is reopened to the public, the city council wants to evict her from the park and send her back to Arkham Asylum, as they are uncomfortable with the thought of a "psychotic eco-terrorist controlling the equivalent of 30-odd square blocks". They also mistakenly believe that the orphans in Ivy's care are hostages. The Gotham City Police Department threaten to spray the park with R.C. Sixty, a powerful herbicide that most certainly would have killed every living plant in the park, including Ivy, and more than likely do harm to the children. Ivy refuses to leave the park to the city and let them destroy the paradise she had created, so she chooses martyrdom. It is only after Rose, one of the orphans, is accidentally poisoned by Ivy that the hardened eco-terrorist surrenders herself to the authorities in order to save the girl's life. Batman says that, as much as she would hate to admit it, Ivy is still more human than plant.

Later on, she and other Gotham characters are manipulated by the Riddler and Hush. Her task is to hypnotize both Superman and Catwoman; however, she abandons Catwoman to be killed by Killer Croc, and Batman is able to keep Superman busy in a fight long enough for the Man of Steel to break out of the spell. Soon afterwards, the Riddler, who is being chased and attacked by Hush, approaches Ivy and seeks her protection. Ivy, who is angered by the manipulation, battles the Riddler physically and psychologically. She comes to physically dominate her opponent, humiliating Riddler and temporarily breaking his spirit.

Poison Ivy comes to believe that her powers are killing the children she had looked after, so she seeks Bruce Wayne's help to reverse her powers and make her a normal human being once more. Soon after, she is convinced by Hush to take another serum to restore her powers and apparently dies in the process. However, when her grave is visited shortly thereafter, it is covered with ivy, creating the impression her death would be short-lived.

Shortly after, Poison Ivy appears briefly in Robinson Park, killing two corrupt cops who killed one of her orphans. Though whether this takes place before or after the aforementioned storyline is unknown.

"One Year Later", Ivy is alive and active. Her control over flora has increased, referred to as being on a par with Swamp Thing or Floronic Man. She also appears to have resumed her crusade against the corporate enemies of the environment with a new fanaticism, regarding Batman no longer as a main opponent, but as a 'hindrance'.

After arriving back from a year-long absence, Batman discovers that Ivy has been feeding people including "tiresome lovers", "incompetent henchmen", and those who "returned her smile" to a giant plant which would digest the victims slowly and painfully. She refers to these murders as a "guilty pleasure". In an unprecedented event, her victims' souls merge with the plant, creating a botanical monster called Harvest, who seeks revenge upon Ivy. With the intervention of Batman, however, she is saved. Ivy is left in critical condition, and the whereabouts of Harvest are unknown.

In Countdown 37, the Piper and the Trickster are hiding out in a greenhouse,picking fruits and vegetables from the plants. They run into Ivy, who is talking to her plants (presumably being told that Piper and Trickster hurt them), to which she reacts by tying them up in vines with the intention of killing them.

Teams and alliances

• Poison Ivy is a member of the original Injustice Gang of the World, which fights the Justice League on several occasions.
• She joins the Secret Society of Super-Villains for a mission against the Justice League. She later joins Lex Luthor's incarnation of the Society.
• She is coerced into being a member of the Suicide Squad. During this time, she uses her abilities to enslave Count Vertigo.
• She is friends with the Joker's sidekick Harley Quinn. Unlike most villain team-ups, their partnership seems to be genuinely rooted in friendship, and Ivy sincerely wants to save Harley from her abusive relationship with the Joker. Ivy sympathizes with Harley, as Harley is mistreated by the man she loves, just as Ivy was by Jason Woodrue. She has expressed disdain for the Joker, primarily due to his treatment of Harley.
• Despite having different motivations than the rest of Batman's rogues gallery, Ivy is not above forming alliances with the other villains if it suits her goals.

Sexuality

File:Harleyivy.jpg

Poison Ivy and Harley Quinn. Art by Bruce Timm.

Although Poison Ivy's sexuality has never been directly identified in comic books, she indicates an attraction to both men and women. But an interview in Wizard Magazine of Paul Dini suggests that she is pansexual and has no standards as to love.

Men

• She says numerous times that she is in love with Batman and even expresses a sexual attraction for his "perfect physique". Although these occurrences are placed close to the beginning of Batman's career, Ivy reveals that she still harbors feelings for Batman.
• At one point, she is drawn to Two-Face and attempts to seduce him. She kisses him without an intent to poison him, but is rebuffed by a Harvey Dent who is still pining after his estranged wife Gilda.
• During a gathering of female super villains, she refers to Deadshot, a former teammate from the Suicide Squad, as a "stud-muffin".
• During her time working with Hush, she can be seen considering a relationship with him when offered and grows closer to Bruce Wayne.

Women

• After manipulating Catwoman, Ivy states to her, "No man or woman can resist me."
• She forcibly kisses Supergirl (her first on-panel kiss with another girl). However, this is to determine whether Supergirl is susceptible to Ivy's poisons as Superman had been.
• Her relationship with Harley Quinn has frequently been used as a point of reference to support the theory of her lesbianism or bisexuality. This is due in part to the non-continuity pinups Bruce Timm drew of the two characters hugging, the visual innuendos in the Batman: the Animated Series episode "Harley and Ivy", and the Batgirl one-shot by Paul Dini in which Barbara Gordon asks Harley about the "close friendship" that she and Ivy share (to which Harley sarcastically responds that people say the same rumors about Batgirl and Supergirl). In the Harley and Ivy miniseries, written and drawn by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm, the two appear to be sleeping in the same bed.
• In Detective Comics #823, written by Dini, Batman discovers that Ivy has a DVD of her feeding victims to a mutated pitcher plant. It is heavily implied that Ivy receives sexual gratification from viewing this homemade snuff film; she specifically states, after Batman shows one clip from it to her and Robin, that "Natalie put on a much better show" than the male victim in the clip seen.

Plantlife

• The character's passionate affinity with plants is sometimes suggestive of chlorophilia, a sexual attraction to plantlife. She is usually more protective of plants than humans, and in one issue of Harley and Ivy, she is shown displaying possible sexual arousal while being caressed by tree branches.

Powers and abilities

File:BatIvy.JPG

Poison Ivy placing a toxic kiss on Bruce Wayne.

The dangerous experiments placed a deliberate overdose of plant and animal based toxins into her blood stream that make her touch deadly and allowed her to boost her immunity to all poisons, viruses, bacteria, and fungi. This immunity also includes Joker venom. Some comics have even gone so far as to depict her as more plant than human, breathing CO₂ and requiring sunlight to survive.

Ivy is known to be able to seduce men and women alike, often using pheromones to do so; she is even able to use these to control Superman, although she requires kryptonite for them to work.

She specializes in hybrids and can create the most potently powerful toxins in Gotham City. Often these toxins are secreted from her lips and administered via a kiss. They come in a number of varieties, from mind-controlling drugs to instantly fatal necrotics. Her skin is toxic as well, although contact with it is usually not fatal.

In some adaptations she can control plants with her mind. For example, while in Arkham, she is able to manipulate and animate plants, using roots to form supports for a tunnel she and another inmate named Magpie are digging to escape, and also spawning glowing fungi to entertain Magpie.

Poison Ivy is identified by the Swamp Thing as a being with an elemental mystical component, who he calls the 'May Queen'. Writers have not referred to her in this way in quite some time.

Appearing in Gotham the same year as Batman, her aforementioned control of plants increases significantly with each passing year. Before, just being able to manipulate plants such as vines, she has since become stronger. During a battle with Clayface, she controls an entire tree to come down on him, ensnaring him in its branches. More recently, she can be seen bringing down a whole skyscraper with giant vines. Batman recently made reference to her powers being on par with those of Jason Woodrue or Swamp Thing.

She has been known to carry a cross-bow and a vine whip which she also has used as a lasso. At times, the vine has had thorns on it. She also occasionally uses hand thrown and blowpipe launched poisoned darts.

Poison Ivy's athletic abilities have grown over the course of her career. She has learned a limited style of martial arts fighting, and is proficient at climbing, leaping, and diving. She is quite capable of swiftly running barefoot, and she is a strong and fast swimmer.

She often employs stealth, choosing a hiding place and then taking her opponents by surprise.

In Batman: The Animated Series, her only physical power is an immunity to poison, and when using a poisoned kiss, she uses lipstick poisoned by toxins extracted from a plant. She admits to having a "hyperactive immune system" which prevents her from having children. In The Batman, she can even exhale mind-controlling spores in the form of a blown kiss.

Creations

Creatures

Poison Ivy created several plant-creatures over the years, often used as bodyguards or to carry out her crimes:

• Feraks: Feraks first appear during No Man's Land. The female-looking plant people show up in several issues and were last seen when Ivy and the orphans are leaving Robinson Park after No Man's Land. Their appearances vary, but the basic structure of a ferak shows an almost Amazon-like build with large, poisonous thorns jutting through, or growing from, its skin.
• Harvest: During the "One Year Later" storyline, Ivy has been feeding people to a giant plant. Later, their souls merge with the giant plant, creating a plant creature Ivy cannot control. After a battle with Batman and Robin, who are trying to save Ivy from the revenge of this monster, Harvest disappears.
• Green Ghosts: Zombie-like plant monsters created by Ivy.

Along with these monsters, Ivy also uses her spores to create henchmen in the form of Dead-Fellows, men who are fatally infected and hypnotized into doing Poison Ivy's bidding, which, at the time, is to kill Batman during the Knightfall storyline.

Other creations

• With great skill in genetic splicing, Ivy creates plants that could be used for the good of mankind. At one instance, she creates a plant that manufactures light (with the intention of putting an end to polluting power plants), vines that are stronger than steel, and plants that exude aloes. However, these creations are part of her rehabilitation at Arkham Asylum. She soon breaks down again and withholds these miraculous plants from humanity.
• Ivy has been known to manufacture chemicals for all uses, poisons and antidotes alike. She just chooses to utilize the poisons. She even concocts a fast-acting antidote for Joker venom. Harley Quinn asks Ivy why she did not save people under the venom's influence, to which Ivy replies, "I don't do that, Harley. I don't save people. I'm poison, remember?"
• She is mentioned as to being capable of manufacturing fear toxins on par with those of the Scarecrow, and to have been bribed to produce them against him.

Physical appearance

Being a character that utilizes aesthetics to her best advantage, Poison Ivy has no shortage of different looks, ranging from variations of how she looked in her first appearance with tights and flesh tone to a naked goddess-like persona.

Robert Kanigher has stated that she was originally modelled after Bettie Page. [1]

Her skin tone varies frequently. It has been mentioned that her blood contains chlorophyll which, being a pigment, would theoretically cause her to have green skin. However, early portrayals of her depicted her with either tan, snow-white alabaster, or off-white skin.

In recent years, DC Comics has depicted Ivy with green skin in the comics, contrary to her past flesh-toned appearances.

A possible explanation for this change is given where a chemical formula of Ivy's falls onto her skin and causes the pigmentation change.

Ivy is a manipulative, red-haired seductress. At her first appearance, her costume is a one-piece, strapless green bathing suit, covered with leaves. Leaves also form her bracelets, necklace and crown. She wears green high heels and yellow-green nylon stockings with leaves painted on them. These particulars changed somewhat when she re-appeared. She keeps variations of this look from the 60s to the early 90s. Not until No Man's Land did the character undergo a significant physical change, ridding herself of the nylon stockings and high heels. During this time, she is depicted as freely walking around naked.

Artists such as Jim Lee draw her in a green form-fitting one-piece bathing suit. Other times she is seen in minimal attire composed of leaves that always follows a bathing suit pattern. She is no longer drawn as having tights or high heels. She is now depicted always going barefoot.

Bibliography

Main article: Bibliography of Poison Ivy

Poison Ivy has made sporadic appearances in numerous comic book series since her creation, most frequently in Detective Comics and Batman. Other appearances have included Batgirl, Catwoman, Wonder Woman, Legends of the Dark Knight, Gotham Central, and Batman: Gotham Knights. The character also held a costarring role in other DC books such as Suicide Squad and the Harley Quinn series under Karl Kesel. One-shots have also been written about the character, including Ann Nocenti's Batman & Poison Ivy: Cast Shadows and John Francis Moore's Batman: Poison Ivy.

The animated incarnations of the character have appeared in numerous comic book spin-offs of Batman: The Animated Series and The Batman. These include The Batman Adventures, Batman and Robin Adventures, Batman: Gotham Adventures, Gotham Adventures, Justice League Adventures, Gotham Girls, Harley and Ivy, and The Batman Strikes!. Poison Ivy was featured as a main character in both Gotham Girls and Harley and Ivy.

Creators who have repeatedly utilized and developed the character include Greg Rucka, John Francis Moore, Karl Kesel, Jeph Loeb, and Paul Dini.

In other media

Poison Ivy never made any appearances in other media prior to her debut in the fifth episode of Batman: The Animated Series, "Pretty Poison", in 1992. The series popularized the character to the point of being featured as a main villain in the live action film Batman and Robin in 1997, a treatment that seemingly only "classic" villains such as the Joker or the Penguin received.

DC animated universe

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Poison Ivy as she appears in Batman: The Animated Series.

In the DC animated universe, Poison Ivy was voice-acted by Diane Pershing. The initial character design for Poison Ivy in Batman: The Animated Series was provided by artist Lynne Naylor, who also helped design nearly all of the other female characters for the show. She drew Ivy to look distinctly different from the rest of the female characters, giving her a softer, cherub-shaped face. Bruce Timm mentioned in his audio commentaries that Ivy was meant to look shorter than the other recurring female villains, that her appearance was meant to give evoke the image of a "wood nymph".

Batman: The Animated Series

Her first appearance, in Batman: The Animated Series, involved an assassination attempt on Harvey Dent, as retribution for construction over the last habitat of a rare flower. In the earlier days of the Animated series, her meta-human characteristics, such as her immunity to toxins, were stated on many occasions, portraying her as a human with an extreme affinity for plants. When Batman reads her file, she is listed as 28 years old and standing 5'2" in height. She mentions in "House and Garden", in which she ostensibly reforms, that her unique condition has left her unable to bear children. This episode was her final appearance in the show.

The New Batman Adventures and beyond

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The New Batman Adventures version of Poison Ivy. Cover to Gotham Girls #2. Art by Shane Glines.

In the second series, she was aesthetically revamped to look more plant-like, her skin turning grayish-white. Ivy also became more humorous and seductive in personality, coinciding with her genuinely sympathetic relationship with Harley Quinn. Her fanatical mindset regarding the despoiling of plants and the ecosphere was also greatly reduced. She supposedly dies in a shipwreck in the episode "Chemistry". She apparently survives the shipwreck and returns in several spin-off series, including "Static Shock," and the Gotham Girls web-toon, in which she held a co-starring role. The character also co-starred in the three-issue comic book miniseries Harley and Ivy, and was given her swan song in the critically acclaimed Batman Adventures comic book series, which contains stories about Batman's adventures in Gotham City after a break from the Justice League.

Justice League

In the episode, A Better World, on the Justice League series, Poison Ivy appears only once, in a lobotomized form in an alternate universe. She is a prisoner at Arkham Asylum, and she is also allowed to work as the prison's gardener. Bruce Timm stated that he had turned down pitches for Poison Ivy episodes on Justice League so they could focus on new characters and storylines, only bringing back a minimal amount of villains from previous shows [2].

Batman & Robin (1997 film)

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Poison Ivy in Batman & Robin.

Uma Thurman played Poison Ivy in the film Batman and Robin. In the movie, Isley is shown researching in a South American lab, where she discovers the theft of certain plant toxins from her lab. Investigating, she discovers her boss, Jason Woodrue, offering up Bane, a soldier enhanced by toxin-derived chemicals, to various bidders. Bane lashes out, and Isley is revealed in the fracas. Woodrue asks her to join him, but when she declines, he kills her. Isley rises moments later, killing Woodrue and escaping the burning camp with Bane. Soon after, she appears in Gotham using both identities, Isley and Ivy.

The Batman

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Poison Ivy in The Batman (voiced by Piera Coppola).

Piera Coppola currently voices Poison Ivy in the animated TV show, The Batman, complete with a new origin with stronger ties to Barbara Gordon. In this Gotham, Poison Ivy is a young environmental activist, and Barbara Gordon's friend. She convinces Barbara to help her with her "protests," which were actually scouting missions on pollutionary companies for her hired mercenary, the corporate saboteur Temblor. She uses a voice scrambler in order to recruit Tremblor to carry out her missions of ecoterrorism. During one such mission, a plant mutagen falls on her during a battle between Temblor and the Batman. She awakes in an ambulance afterward and manifests powers similar to her other incarnations, most notably psionic plant control, and an ability to exhale mind-controlling spores when she blows a kiss at her desired target. She swiftly turns her powers to furthering her ecoterrorist career, before being stopped by Batman and Barbara in her debut as Batgirl.

Video games

Poison Ivy has appeared in most of the Batman video games over the years. She appeared as a boss in Batman: The Animated Series, The Adventures of Batman & Robin for the Super NES, The Adventures of Batman & Robin for the Sega CD, Batman: Chaos in Gotham, the video game adaptation of the movie Batman & Robin, Batman: Vengeance and Batman: Dark Tomorrow. In most of these games Ivy does not fight Batman directly and usually watches in the background while Batman fights one of her plant monsters. In The Adventures of Batman & Robin for the Sega CD and Batman: Vengeance, Diane Pershing reprised her role from Batman: The Animated Series.

References

• Daniels, Les. Batman: The Complete History. Chronicle Books, 1999. ISBN 0-8118-4232-0
• Beatty, Scott, et al., The Batman Handbook: The Ultimate Training Manual. Quirk Books, 2005. ISBN 1-59474-023-2

External links

• DCDP: Poison Ivy - DC Database Project
• Fan site of Poison Ivy
• Gallery of comic-book appearances
• Poison Ivy information site
• Women of Gotham Biography: Poison Ivy