Clothing in Ethiopia
Clothing in Ethiopia includes traditional garments as well as modern fashion styles, accessories and cosmetics.
Textile and garment
[edit]Ethiopia has a rich history for textile production due to its cotton production. Textile outputs include handcrafted translucent shemma cloth made of Amhara embroideries. Ethiopia is also influential for international fashion manufacturing.[1][2]
Women's garments
[edit]
Habesha kemis is made of woven material worn by women. It is usually designed in white color outfit and widely used by the general population, becoming the most accepted dress in Ethiopian culture. Notwithstanding its wider acceptance, there are also different variations in its pattern. For example in the Harari community, women typically wear purple, red, and black dresses while Bale Oromo people dress in leather garments and Afar people dress in brightly colored wraps made of cotton.[3]
Men's garments
[edit]
Similar to the female Habesha kemis outfit, men's garments consist of well-designed woven patterns. Although the colors vary, the outfit is mostly white and usually cozy.[4][5] Bernos is adapted and worn by Ethiopian and Eritrean highlanders. Donald N. Levine wrote that men from Menz wore this type of garment and described men wearing "the barnos, a tailored cape made of dark wool."[5]
The Bernos is also worn by highlander élites and often seen more importantly in social status. The garment is worn by most men in special occasions and traditional ceremonies.[5]
Draped fabric garments
[edit]Several types of traditional draped cotton fabric are worn as headwear or shawls in Ethiopia and neighbouring Eritrea.
The netela (Amharic: ነጠላ) is a handmade scarf-like two-layered cloth worn by women.[6] It became an important garment to the Ethiopian diaspora due to the military coup in 1974.[7] The kuta is the male equivalent, thin and intended for warmer weather.[8][9]
The gabi (Amharic: ጋቢ) is a thicker garment, with four layers of fabric. Worn by both men and women, it is intended for cold weather.[10] It is most common among the Amhara ethnic group due to the high altitude of their homeland, especially clergy and the elderly.[11] Usually, Amhara women get together for spinning the yarn required to make several gabis, and present the gabis as a gift for their husbands.[12]
Cosmetics and personal care
[edit]In October 2022, the Ministry of Finance issued letter to the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) to ban 38 unwarranted imports of perfumes and cosmetics for indefinite period. The ban was effective starting on 17 October.[13]
In 2023, Ethiopia's cosmetic and personal care industry was challenged by ongoing unrest and conflict. As of October 2023, as 29% of high inflation hit Ethiopia's economy, the cosmetics industry met with obstacle due to lack of affordability and availability.[14]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jennings, Helen (2023-01-10). "Ethiopia's most influential fashion designer". Selamta. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ^ Tadesse, Tsion (2024-08-10). "Stitching Tradition To Trend:Ethiopian Fashion Steps Forward". www.thereporterethiopia.com. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ^ Aga, Mark T. "Ethiopian Traditional Clothes — allaboutETHIO". allaboutethio.com. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ^ "Men". Ethiopian Traditional Dress. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ^ a b c prologu2 (2025-02-01). "Ethiopian clothing". Retrieved 2025-02-21.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Textiles of Ethiopia: Netela and Gabi". Retrieved 2016-08-21.[self-published source]
- ^ Palmer, David (2010). "The Ethiopian Buna (Coffee) Ceremony: Exploring the Impact of Exile and the Construction of Identity through Narratives with Ethiopian Forced Migrants in the United Kingdom". Folklore. 121 (3): 321–333. doi:10.1080/0015587X.2010.511461. JSTOR 41306746. S2CID 162262757.
- ^ Uhlig, Siegbert; Appleyard, David; Bausi, Alessandro; Hahn, Wolfgang; Kaplan, Steven (2017). Ethiopia: History, Culture and Challenges. LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3-643-90892-6.
- ^ Babu, K. Murugesh; Kabish, Abera Kechi; Tesema, Getnet Belay; Semahagn, Bizuayehu Kerisew (2024-03-04). Cotton Sector Development in Ethiopia: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-981-99-9149-5.
- ^ "Textiles of Ethiopia: Netela and Gabi". My journey to Ethiopian culture. [Road to Ethiopia - Camino a Etiopia]. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ Karsten, Detlev (1972). The Economics of Handicrafts in Traditional Societies: An Investigation in Sidamo and Gemu Goffa Province, Southern Ethiopia. Vol. 79. BRILL. p. 89. ISBN 9783803900685.
- ^ Karsten, Detlev (1972). The Economics of Handicrafts in Traditional Societies: An Investigation in Sidamo and Gemu Goffa Province, Southern Ethiopia. Vol. 79. BRILL. p. 125. ISBN 9783803900685.
- ^ "HKTDC Research". research.hktdc.com. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ^ "Beauty and Personal Care in Ethiopia". Euromonitor. Retrieved 2025-02-21.