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Torkham
| |
|---|---|
 The main road in Torkham, Afghanistan | |
  Torkham Location in Afghanistan | |
| Coordinates: 34°6′53″N 71°5′5″E / 34.11472°N 71.08472°E | |
| Countries |  Afghanistan |
| Province | Nangarhar Province |
| District | Momand Dara District |
| Elevation | 2,579 ft (786 m) |
| Time zone | UTC+4:30 UTC+05:00 |
Torkham (Template:Lang-ps) is a border town[1][2] in the Momand Dara District of Nangarhar Province in eastern Afghanistan. The town has an official border crossing with Torkham, Pakistan, which connects the two countries by a highway that has been historically called the Grand Trunk Road.[3] Highway 7 connects Torkham to Kabul through Jalalabad.[4]
Torkham is one of the major transporting, shipping, and receiving sites in Afghanistan.[5][6] A number of facilities, hotels, restaurants and stores are located in the town, including Afghan government offices.[7] The border crossing attracts many smugglers.
History
Torkham was established as a frontier point in 1893 after the Durand Line Agreement was signed between Mortimer Durand of British India and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan of Afghanistan. As a gateway into India, it became part of the Hippie trail during the mid-1950s and late 1970s. It later became one of the destinations for Afghan refugees fleeing the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, from where they went to Peshawar and other places in Pakistan. Most people crossed between the two countries with no travel documents or identifications.
In 2001 the New York Times reported that Torkham was Hajji Ali's hometown. Ali was an anti-Taliban militia leader who seized power after the Taliban retreated.[8] It was reported that Hajji Ali had joined forces with two other militia leaders, Mohammad Yunus Khalis and Ezatullah, to set up a regional provisional government.
Torkham served as one of the main supply points to NATO forces in Afghanistan. The border town began expanding between 2005 and 2016 with new facilities being built there. In April 2006 the Afghan Border Police began requiring travelers coming into Afghanistan to possess valid travel documents.[5][9]
On 15 August 2021, Torkham fell to forces of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, becoming the second border crossing with Pakistan to be captured by Taliban as part of wider 2021 Taliban offensive. The new government hopes to build a $6 billion rail line from Torkham to Mazar-i-Sharif in northern Afghanistan, passing through Jalalabad and Kabul.[10]
Climate
With an influence from the local steppe climate, Torkham features a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). The average temperature in Torkham is 20.3 °C, while the annual precipitation averages 407 mm. June is the driest month with an average rainfall of 8 mm, while the wettest month is March, with an average 82 mm of precipitation.
June is the hottest month of the year with an average temperature of 31.0 °C. The coldest month January has an average temperature of 8.4 °C.
| Climate data for Torkham | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
26.1 (79.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
34.8 (94.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
28.8 (83.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
16.4 (61.5) |
26.7 (80.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
19.9 (67.8) |
25.6 (78.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.8 (87.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
14.5 (58.1) |
9.7 (49.5) |
20.3 (68.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
9.1 (48.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.8 (69.4) |
14.1 (57.4) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
13.9 (57.1) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[11] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
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Outside the Afghan customs and border patrol station -
Inside the Afghan customs and border patrol station -
Trucks crossing into Torkham, Pakistan
See also
References
- ^ "Authorities seize $600,000 from alleged smuggler in Torkham". Ariana News. April 17, 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
- ^ "Torkham, Afghanistan". earth.google.com.
- ^ "IEA stops coal trucks through Torkham to speed up fresh fruit exports". Ariana News. May 30, 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
- ^ Lt. Col Gordon Phillips and State Department Representative Shawn Waddoups (August 22, 2007). "DoD News Briefing with Lt. Col. Phillips from Afghanistan". United States Department of Defense. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
- ^ a b "ANP secure Torkham border" (PDF). ddrafg.com. April 4, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 28, 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
- ^ Towr Kham Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine Collins Maps. Retrieved 21 January 2011
- ^ "Screening center at Torkham to prevent import of diseases". Pajhwok Afghan News. September 6, 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
- ^ David Rohde (November 16, 2001). "A NATION CHALLENGED: AFGHANISTAN REDUX; Warlord Rule Is Re-emerging In Some Towns". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
- ^ "Afghan Police Secure Towr Kham Border". American Forces Press Service. April 10, 2006. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
- ^ "Afghan, Pakistani Officials Discuss Railway Project". TOLOnews. January 5, 2023. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
- ^ "Climate: Torkham - Climate-Data.org". Retrieved 9 September 2016.
External links
- Afghanistan And Pakistan Border . Torkham on YouTube, July 31, 2022
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