Eiler Lehn Schiøler: Difference between revisions

Eiler L. T. Lehn Schiøler
Eiler L. T. Lehn Schiøler
	Schiøler in 1925 with his Greenland bird collection. Photograph signed for his friend Johannes Larsen.
Born	30 October 1874; Frederiksberg, Denmark
Died	13 August 1929 (aged 54); Copenhagen, Denmark
Occupation(s)	Ornithologist, banker
Known for	Danmarks Fugle, founding the DOF

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Eiler Lauritz Theodor Lehn Schiøler (30 October 1874 – 13 August 1929) was a Danish banker and amateur ornithologist best known for co-founding the Dansk Ornitologisk Forening (DOF) and authoring the illustrated multivolume work Danmarks Fugle (1925–1931). He also led ornithological expeditions and hosted the 6th International Ornithological Congress in Copenhagen.

Early Life

Schiøler was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark, and developed an early interest in birds while studying at Herlufsholm School, inspired by his teacher Margar Traustedt. He continued his education at the Metropolitan School, where he began systematically collecting eggs and bird skins under the influence of zoologist Herluf Winge.

He pursued a business education at the Niels Brock Copenhagen Business College and trained in banking in the United States from 1891 to 1894. In 1906, he took over his father's firm, becoming a partner at Landmandsbanken.

Ornithological Contributions

In the same year he joined Landmandsbanken, Schiøler co-founded the Dansk Ornitologisk Forening (DOF) with Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen. He served as the organization’s first chairman from 1906 to 1928.

Schiøler amassed one of the largest private bird collections in the world, with over 21,000 skins, 2,000 mounted birds, and 10,000 skeletons. To house this collection, he built a private museum adjacent to his home on Uraniavej in Copenhagen. Much of this collection was later transferred to the Natural History Museum of Denmark.

Danmarks Fugle

After the financial collapse of Landmandsbanken in 1922, which wiped out most of his wealth, Schiøler shifted focus to ornithology full-time. With funding from the Carlsberg Foundation, he began work on Danmarks Fugle, an ambitious eight-volume treatise on the birds of Denmark. Only three volumes were published (1925, 1926, and 1931), with color plates by noted Danish artists Johannes Larsen, Gerhard Heilmann, and Henning Scheel. The third volume was released posthumously.

Greenland Expedition

In 1925, Schiøler led a bird-collecting expedition to western Greenland, accompanied by Larsen, Scheel, and young ornithologist Finn Salomonsen. The expedition significantly expanded Denmark's knowledge of Arctic birdlife.

International Ornithological Congress

In 1926, Schiøler played a central role in organizing the 6th International Ornithological Congress in Copenhagen. He hosted visiting ornithologists at his private collection and promoted international collaboration in avian research. However, the stress took a toll on his health.

Final Years and Death

After the 1926 congress, Schiøler suffered a stroke that left him paralyzed and unable to speak. He remained bedridden and died on 13 August 1929. He was remembered not only for his scientific contributions but also for his efforts in conservation, including lobbying for legal protection of birds of prey in Denmark.

Legacy

Founding member and first chairman of DOF.
One of the largest private bird collections, later donated to science.
Author of Danmarks Fugle, a landmark in Danish ornithology.
Influenced modern Danish bird conservation policy.

References

Cite error: A list-defined reference named "hjorth" is not used in the content (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference has no name (see the help page).

External links

Dansk Ornitologisk Forening – Publications archive

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 {{Short description|Danish ornithologist and banker}}
 {{Infobox person
-| name          = <!-- defaults to article title when left blank -->
+| name          = Eiler L. T. Lehn Schiøler
-| image         = Lehn_Schioler.jpg <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
+| image         = Lehn_Schioler.jpg
+| alt           =
-| alt           = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
 | caption       = Schiøler in 1925 with his Greenland bird collection. Photograph signed for his friend Johannes Larsen.
-| birth_name    = <!-- only use if different from name -->
 | birth_date    = {{Birth date|1874|10|30|df=y}}
 | birth_place   = [[Frederiksberg]], Denmark
 | death_date    = {{Death date and age|1929|8|13|1874|10|30|df=y}}
-| death_place   =
+| death_place   = Copenhagen, Denmark
+| occupation    = [[Ornithologist]], banker
-| nationality   = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
+| known_for     = ''Danmarks Fugle'', founding the DOF
-| other_names   =
-| occupation    = [[ornithologist]], banker
-| years_active  =
-| known_for     = ''Danmarks Fugle''
-| notable_works =
 }}
-'''Eiler Lauritz Theodor Lehn Schiøler''' (30 October 1874 – 13 August 1929) was a Danish ornithologist and banker who came from a family of stockbrokers. He was the author of a major but incomplete multi-volume illustrated work on the birds of Denmark, ''Danmarks Fugle,'' published from 1925 to 1931. Schiøler was a co-founder, along with [[Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen]], of the [[Dansk Ornitologisk Forening]] (DOF, the Danish Ornithologists Association) and served as its first chair at the age of 32 upon foundation in 15 October 1906.
+'''Eiler Lauritz Theodor Lehn Schiøler''' (30 October 1874 – 13 August 1929) was a Danish banker and amateur [[ornithologist]] best known for co-founding the [[Dansk Ornitologisk Forening]] (DOF) and authoring the illustrated multivolume work ''[[Danmarks Fugle]]'' (1925–1931). He also led ornithological expeditions and hosted the 6th International Ornithological Congress in Copenhagen.
-== Life ==
-[[File:Sea_eagle_Heilmann.jpg|thumb|left|White-tailed sea-eagle by [[Gerhard Heilmann]] in volume 3 of ''Danmarks Fugle'' (1931)]]
-Schiøler was born in [[Frederiksberg]] where he became interested in birds as a schoolboy in [[Herlufsholm School|Herlufsholm]] under the influence of his teacher [[Margar Peter Andresen Traustedt|Margar Traustedt]]. He then went to the Metropolitan School and during this period, inspired by the zoological work of [[Herluf Winge]], began to collect eggs and bird skins. His collections became so large, with 21,000 skins, 2,000 mounted specimens and 10,000 skeletons, that he needed a house next to his villa in Uraniavej in Copenhagen. He studied at the [[Niels Brock Copenhagen Business College|Brockske Business School]] and also went to train in banking in the United States. In 1906, following the death of his father, he became a partner in his father's company, the Landmandsbanken. In the same year, he was involved in founding the Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. In 1922 his company collapsed and went into liquidation and nearly all his wealth was wiped out. Schiøler had hoped to use his lost wealth in ornithology, but in any case he decided to continue his research and was supported by the [[Carlsberg Foundation|Carlsberg foundation]]. In 1925 he organized an expedition to Greenland along with the artist [[Johannes Larsen]] and ornithologist [[Finn Salomonsen]]. He was one of the founding members of the Danish Ornithological Association, serving as its first chairman. After 1922 he started working on a major work on the birds of Denmark, ''Danmarks Fugle'', but was able to publish only three. Schiøler was also a member of the Danish hunting organization (Dansk Jagtforening) but noted that they destroyed birds of prey and worked for changes in the hunting laws of 1922 in order to protect birds of prey.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schiøler, E.L. |year=1907 |title=Jægere og Ornithologer. |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=1 |pages=132–138}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Rosenkrantz, H. |year=1907 |title=Jægere og Ornithologer |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=1 |pages=130–131}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://pub.dof.dk/artikler/702/download/doft-100-2006-109-149-kongeraekken-fra-lehn-schioeler-til-ferdinand| title= Kongerækken: fra Lehn Schiøler til Ferdinand|journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=100 |year=2006|pages=109–149 | author=Hjorth, Christian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=P.|first=T. S.|last2=B.|first2=B. S.|last3=Swarth|first3=H. S.|date=1930|title=Obituaries|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4076009|journal=The Auk|volume=47|issue=2|pages=305–309|doi=10.2307/4076009|issn=0004-8038|doi-access=free|url-access=subscription}}</ref> He helped organize the [[International Ornithologists' Union|International Ornithological Congress]] held in Copenhagen in 1926. He took participants of the congress to his private collections at his home in Uraniavej. He showed symptoms of fatigue during the congress but in September he suffered a brain hemorrhage which paralyzed him and prevented him from speaking. All work came to an end, he was confined to bed and died in sleep three years later.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |author=Hjorth, Christian |year=2006 |title=Kongerækken: fra Lehn Schiøler til Ferdinand |url=https://bibliotek.dk/da/moreinfo/netarchive/870971-tsart%253A89227755 |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=100 |pages=109–149 |language=da}}</ref> Schiøler married Ellen Dorothea, adopted daughter of surgeon Peter Plum and after her death in 1921 he married Helga Jürgensen in 1924. He had six daughters and a son from his first marriage. His bird collection is now in the Danish natural history museum.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Von Helms |first=O. |date=1931 |title=Eiler Theodor Lehn Schiöler |url= |journal=Journal für Ornithologie |language=de |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=416–423 |doi=10.1007/BF01953013 |issn=0021-8375}}</ref>
-== Publications ==
+== Early Life ==
+Schiøler was born in [[Frederiksberg]], Denmark, and developed an early interest in birds while studying at [[Herlufsholm School]], inspired by his teacher Margar Traustedt. He continued his education at the Metropolitan School, where he began systematically collecting eggs and bird skins under the influence of zoologist [[Herluf Winge]].
-Schiøler's ''magnum opus'' was his multivolume ''Danmarks Fugle'' which was projected for eight to ten volumes. They were expensive, costing 225 kronors a volume. He managed to complete only three before he was paralyzed in 1926. The third volume was published in 1931 after his death in 1929. The painting plates of birds were made by [[Johannes Larsen]], [[Gerhard Heilmann]], and Henning Scheel and the work has been considered a landmark in bird art.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
-<gallery>
-File:Danmarks Fugle Band1.jpg|[https://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/publication/12372/edition/9361/content Band 1]
-File:Danmarks Fugle Band2.jpg|[https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-rbsc_blacker-wood_danmarks-fugle_ORH30S336-16642/page/n8/mode/1up Band 2]
-File:Danmarks Fugle Bind 3.jpg|[https://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/publication/12373/edition/9441/content Band 3]
-</gallery>
+He pursued a business education at the [[Niels Brock Copenhagen Business College]] and trained in banking in the United States from 1891 to 1894. In 1906, he took over his father's firm, becoming a partner at Landmandsbanken.
-Apart from his book, Schiøler published several scientific notes, the majority in the journal of the DOF, including:
-* 1905. Om den grønlandske Stokand, ''Anas boscas spilogaster''. Vid. Medd. fra den naturli. Foren., København, pag. 127—148. 3 Tvl. Tilføjelse. Ibid., pag. 239—40.
+== Ornithological Contributions ==
-* 1906. Hvinand, ''Clangula glaucion americana'' Bp., ny for Grønland. Dansk ornith. Foren. Tidskr. 1, pag. 37—38.
+In the same year he joined Landmandsbanken, Schiøler co-founded the [[Dansk Ornitologisk Forening]] (DOF) with Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen. He served as the organization’s first chairman from 1906 to 1928.
-* 1907. Om den ydre Forskel mellem Kønnene hos Pomerautsfuglen, ''[[Eurasian dotterel|Eudromias morinellus]]''. Ibid. I, pag. 49—58. 1 Tvl.
-* 1907. Dressers Ederfugl, ''Somateria mollissima'' Dresseri Sharpe, ny for Grønland. Ibid. I, pag. 164—167.
+Schiøler amassed one of the largest private bird collections in the world, with over 21,000 skins, 2,000 mounted birds, and 10,000 skeletons. To house this collection, he built a private museum adjacent to his home on Uraniavej in Copenhagen. Much of this collection was later transferred to the [[Natural History Museum of Denmark]].
-* 1907. Vandrixen, ''Rallus aquaticus'' L., ny for Grônland. Ibid. II, pag. 45—46.
-* 1908—14. Lidt om Ederfuglen, ''Somateria mollisma'' L., og nogle af dens Racer. Ibid. II, pag. [https://pub.dof.dk/artikler/2406/download/doft-2-1908-109-149-lidt-om-ederfuglen-somateria-mollissima-l-og-nogle-af-dens-racer 109—149]. 5 Tvl. VIII, pag. [https://pub.dof.dk/artikler/2282/download/doft-8-1914-233-276-lidt-om-ederfuglen-somateria-mollissima-l-og-nogle-af-dens-racer-fortsaettelse 233—276].
+== Danmarks Fugle ==
-* 1911. ''Podicipes griseigena major'' Temm. & Schl. og ''Tringa maculata'' Vieill. skudte paa Island. Ibid. V, pag. 147—151.
+After the financial collapse of Landmandsbanken in 1922, which wiped out most of his wealth, Schiøler shifted focus to ornithology full-time. With funding from the [[Carlsberg Foundation]], he began work on ''Danmarks Fugle'', an ambitious eight-volume treatise on the birds of Denmark. Only three volumes were published (1925, 1926, and 1931), with color plates by noted Danish artists [[Johannes Larsen]], [[Gerhard Heilmann]], and Henning Scheel. The third volume was released posthumously.
-* 1912. Om nogle for Gronlands Fuglefauna sjældne samt to nye Arter, ''[[Anas strepera|Chaulelasmus streperus]]'' (L.) og ''[[Fox sparrow|Passerella iliaca]]'' (Merrem) typica. Ibid. VI, pag. 65—80.
-* 1914. Om Forskellen mellem den danske Duehog og den typiske ''[[Northern goshawk|Astur palumbarius]]'' L. Ibid. VIII, pag. 93—112. 1 Tvl.
+== Greenland Expedition ==
-* 1915. Lidt om Præstekraven, ''[[Common ringed plover|Aegialitis hiaticula]]'' L., og dens Racer. Ibid. IX, pag. 161—181.
+In 1925, Schiøler led a bird-collecting expedition to western Greenland, accompanied by Larsen, Scheel, and young ornithologist [[Finn Salomonsen]]. The expedition significantly expanded Denmark's knowledge of Arctic birdlife.
-* 1918. Om Graasiskenens nordostlige Race, ''Cannabina linaria exilipes'' og Svane-gaasen, ''Anser cygnoides''. Ibid. XII, pag. VI.
-* 1919. Om den islandske Rodben (''Totanus calidris robustus''). Ibid. XIII, pag. 207—211.
+== International Ornithological Congress ==
-* 1921. Sushkins Gaas, ''[[Anser neglectus]]'' Sush. truffen i Danmark. Ibid. XV, pag. 37—46. [https://pub.dof.dk/artikler/2185/download/doft-15-1921-37-46-sushkins-gaas-anser-neglectus-sush-truffen-i-danmark scan]
+In 1926, Schiøler played a central role in organizing the 6th International Ornithological Congress in Copenhagen. He hosted visiting ornithologists at his private collection and promoted international collaboration in avian research. However, the stress took a toll on his health.
-* 1921. Bartrams Klire, ''[[Upland sandpiper|Bartramia longicauda]]'' (Bechst.) ny for Danmark. Ibid. XV, pag. 46—47.
-* 1921. A short description of the sequence of plumages in some palæarctic surface-feeding ducks. British Birds XV, pag. 130—138.
+== Final Years and Death ==
-* 1922. Nogle Tilføjelser og Bemærkninger til Listen over Danmarks Fugle. Dansk ornith. Foren. Tïdsskr. XVI. pag. 1—55.
+After the 1926 congress, Schiøler suffered a stroke that left him paralyzed and unable to speak. He remained bedridden and died on 13 August 1929. He was remembered not only for his scientific contributions but also for his efforts in conservation, including lobbying for legal protection of birds of prey in Denmark.
-* 1924. Om de skandinaviske Ænder, deres Dragtskifte og Træk. Ibid. XVIII, pag. 85 - 95.
-* 1925. Om de i Grønland forekommende Racer af Fjældrypen. ''[[Rock ptarmigan|Lagopus mutus mutus]]'' (Montin). Ibid. XIX, pag. 108—115.
+== Legacy ==
-* 1925. Om den vestgrônlandske Skallesluger, ''Mergus serrator major'', subsp. nov. Ibid. XIX, pag. 115 -118.
+* Founding member and first chairman of DOF.
-* 1926. Om den islandske Kobbersneppe, ''Limosa limosa islandica'' Br. Dansk ornith. Foren. Tidskr. XX, pag. 11—12.
+* One of the largest private bird collections, later donated to science.
-* 1926. Middelhavs-Skraape, ''Puffinus puffinus mauretanicus'' Lowe. ny for Danmark. Ibid. XX, pag. 13.
+* Author of ''Danmarks Fugle'', a landmark in Danish ornithology.
-* 1926. Om den norske Sildemaage. Norsk ornithologisk Tidsskrift, Ser. 2, Nr. 5—7, pag. 53—55; Stavanger.
+* Influenced modern Danish bird conservation policy.
 == References ==
+<references>
-{{Reflist}}
+<ref name="hjorth">{{cite journal |author=Hjorth, Christian |year=2006 |title=Kongerækken: fra Lehn Schiøler til Ferdinand |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=100 |pages=109–149 |url=https://pub.dof.dk/artikler/702/download/doft-100-2006-109-149-kongeraekken-fra-lehn-schioeler-til-ferdinand}}</ref>
+<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schiøler, E.L. |year=1907 |title=Jægere og Ornithologer. |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=1 |pages=132–138}}</ref>
+<ref>{{cite journal |author=Rosenkrantz, H. |year=1907 |title=Jægere og Ornithologer |journal=Dansk Orn. Foren. Tidsskr. |volume=1 |pages=130–131}}</ref>
+<ref>{{cite journal|last=Swarth|first=H. S.|date=1930|title=Obituaries|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4076009|journal=The Auk|volume=47|issue=2|pages=305–309|doi=10.2307/4076009|issn=0004-8038|doi-access=free}}</ref>
+</references>
 == External links ==
+* [https://pub.dof.dk/ Dansk Ornitologisk Forening – Publications archive]
-* [https://arkiv.dk/soeg?searchString=Lehn%20Schi%C3%B8ler%2C%20Eiler%2C%20f.%201874%2C%20d.%201929%2C%20dansk%20ornitolog&ValgteArkiverIds=161 Photos in Danish archives]
-* [https://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/publication/12372/edition/9361/content Danmarks Fugle. Band 1] [https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-rbsc_blacker-wood_danmarks-fugle_ORH30S336-16642/page/n8/mode/1up Band 2] [https://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/publication/12373/edition/9441/content Band 3]
-* [https://gravsted.dk/person.php?navn=eilerlehnschioeler Photograph of grave]
-{{authority control}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Schiøler, Eiler Lehn}}
-[[Category:Danish ornithologists]]
 [[Category:1874 births]]
 [[Category:1929 deaths]]
-[[Category:Businesspeople from Copenhagen]]
+[[Category:Danish ornithologists]]
-[[Category:Lehn family]]
+[[Category:People from Frederiksberg]]
+[[Category:Danish bankers]]