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{{Short description|Government of the People's Republic of Albania}}
{{Short description|Government of the People's Republic of Albania}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
{{Infobox government cabinet

Revision as of 19:38, 22 June 2025

Second government of Enver Hoxha
Second Hoxha Cabinet

38th Cabinet of Albania
Date formed11 January 1946 (1946-01-11)
Date dissolved22 March 1946 (1946-03-22)
People and organisations
Head of stateOmer Nishani
Head of governmentEnver Hoxha
Deputy head of governmentKoçi Xoxe
No. of ministers15
Member partyCommunist Party of Albania
History
Election1945 Albanian parliamentary election
PredecessorHoxha I
SuccessorHoxha III

Enver Hoxha was Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania from 1944 to 1954.

The Second Hoxha Cabinet was a transitional government of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania, which was founded on January 11, 1946 by Prime Minister Enver Hoxha was formed by the Communist Party of Albania. It replaced the Democratic Government of Albania and remained in office until March 22, 1946,[1] whereupon it was replaced by the Third Hoxha Cabinet.[2]

In February 1946, tensions in the government became clear. Sejfulla Malëshova, chairman of the Writers' Union and Minister of Propaganda, was expelled from the Central Committee of the party - for many communists he was too open to other political forces and the major Western powers. Malëshova was still supposed to be included in the next government, but was excluded later that year and sentenced to a long prison sentence in 1947.[3][4]

On March 14, 1946, the People's Assembly adopted a new Constitution for the Socialist People's Republic of Albania.[5] As a result, a new government was formed on March 23rd.[6] On March 24th, Enver Hoxha presented the program of the first government of the People's Republic of Albania to the People's Assembly.[7]

Government office Official Start of term End of term Ref.
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Enver Hoxha January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [8][9]
Foreign Ministers Omer Nishani January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [10][11]
Innenminister Haxhi Lleshi 11. January 1946 March 22, 1946 [12][13]
Defense Minister Enver Hoxha January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [14][15]
Finance Ministers Ramadan Çitaku January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [8][13]
Minister of Justice Manol Konomi January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [12][11]
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers Myslim Peza January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [16][17]

[18]

Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers Koçi Xoxe 15. March 1945 10. January 1946 [19]

[20]

Minister of Economy Medar Shtylla January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [21] [22]

[23]

Minister of Education Kostaq Cipo January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [24]

[25]

Minister of Health Ymer Dishnica January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [26]

[27]

Minister of Public Works Spiro Koleka January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [28] [29]

[30]

Minister for Reconstruction Bedri Spahiu January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [31][32]

[33]

Minister of Press and Propaganda Sejfulla Malëshova January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [4] [34]

[35]

Minister of Social Support Xhafer Spahiu January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [36]

[37]

Minister of Agriculture Gaqo Tashko January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [38]

[39]

Minister of Industry and President of the Five-year Economic Plan Nako Spiru January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [40]

[41]

Handelsminister Gogo Nushi 11. January 1946 22. März 1946 [42] [43]

[44]

Census Registration Minister Pandi Kristo January 11, 1946 March 22, 1946 [45]

[46]

References

  1. ^ Myslim Islami (1985). Qeveria demokratike e Shqipërisë. Tirana. p. 894.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ The exact start and end dates of this cabinet (January 10th or 11th or March 18th, 23rd, 24th or 25th) and whether there was even a new government in January 1946, are controversial, as stated in the text. The information about the members of the government also differs depending on the source. It is also said that Omer Nishani, as chairman of the Presidium of Parliament, and his deputy were part of the cabinet announced in March 1945 (Pearson (2, p. 431 f))
  3. ^ Highest Political Institutions. Southeastern Europe Handbook. Vol. 7. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 1993. p. 60. ISBN 3-525-36207-2.
  4. ^ a b Louis Zanga (1993). Klaus-Detlev Grothusen (ed.). Biographies of Prominent Public Figures. Southeastern Europe- Handbook. Vol. 7. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 773. ISBN 3-525-36207-2.
  5. ^ Owen Pearson (2006). "1946, March 14th". In The Center for Albanian Studies (ed.). Albania as Dictatorship and Democracy: From Isolation to the Kosovo War 1946 – 1998. Albania in the Twentieth Century: A History. Vol. 3. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 19. ISBN 1-84511-105-2.
  6. ^ Louis Zanga (1993). Klaus-Detlev Grothusen (ed.). Highest Political Institutions. Southeastern Europe Handbook. Vol. 7. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 749. ISBN 3-525-36207-2.
  7. ^ Owen Pearson (2006). "1946, March 24th". Albania as Dictatorship and Democracy: From Isolation to the Kosovo War 1946 – 1998. Albania in the Twentieth Century: A History. Vol. 3. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 23. ISBN 1-84511-105-2. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |DUPLICATE_publisher= ignored (help)
  8. ^ a b Elsie, Robert (2013). A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. I.B. Tauris. pp. 194–195. ISBN 978-1780764313.
  9. ^ Fevziu, Blendi (2016). "4: The Rise to Power". Enver Hoxha: The Iron Fist of Albania. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1784534851.
  10. ^ Vickers, Miranda; Pettifer, James (1997). Albania: From Anarchy to a Balkan Identity. New York University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-1850652908.
  11. ^ a b "Provisional Government Decree No. 15 (1946)" (in Albanian). Albanian National Archives (AQSH). Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  12. ^ a b Hutchings, Raymond (2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press. p. xxx. ISBN 978-0810861886.
  13. ^ a b "List of Ministers in the Provisional Government". Gazeta Zyrtare (Official Gazette of Albania) (in Albanian). 12 January 1946.
  14. ^ Biberaj, Elez (2021). Communist Albania: A Political and Economic History. Routledge. pp. 45–50. ISBN 978-0367744647. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
  15. ^ The Party of Labour of Albania: History & Documents. Tirana: Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. 1982. pp. 112–115.
  16. ^ Myslim Islami (1985). "Peza Myslim (1897–1984)". Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar. Tirana: Academy of Sciences of Albania. p. 825.
  17. ^ Fischer, Bernd J. (1999). Albania at War, 1939–1945. Purdue University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-1557531414.
  18. ^ "Decision No. 42 (1946) on Deputy Chairmen" (in Albanian). Albanian National Archives (AQSH). Retrieved 23 June 2024. Appointment records for Myslim Peza.
  19. ^ Vickers, Miranda; Pettifer, James (1997). Albania: From Anarchy to a Balkan Identity. New York University Press. pp. 72–73. ISBN 978-1850652908. Koçi Xoxe's role as interior minister and later purge.
  20. ^ Biberaj, Elez (2021). Communist Albania: A Political and Economic History. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 978-0367744647. Xoxe's tenure ended in January 1946 amid power struggles. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
  21. ^ Myslim Islami (1985). "Shtylla Medar (1907–1963)". In Academy of Sciences of Albania (ed.). Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar. Tirana. p. 1067.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  22. ^ Elsie, Robert (2013). A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. I.B. Tauris. p. 409. ISBN 978-1780764313. Entry on Medar Shtylla.
  23. ^ "Decree on Economic Ministry Appointments". Gazeta Zyrtare (Official Gazette of Albania) (in Albanian). 12 January 1946.
  24. ^ Hutchings, Raymond (2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press. p. xxx. ISBN 978-0810861886. Minor mention in post-war cabinet lists.
  25. ^ The Party of Labour of Albania: History & Documents. Tirana: Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. 1982. p. 117. Early education policies under Cipo.
  26. ^ "Health Ministry Appointment Records (1946)" (in Albanian). Albanian National Archives (AQSH). Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  27. ^ Fevziu, Blendi (2016). Enver Hoxha: The Iron Fist of Albania. I.B. Tauris. p. 87. ISBN 978-1784534851. Dishnica's brief tenure before political purge.
  28. ^ Sami Vargu, Mumtaz Shehu (1985). "Koleka Spiro". In Academy of Sciences of Albania (ed.). Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar. Tirana. p. 486.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  29. ^ Elsie, Robert (2013). A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. I.B. Tauris. p. 244. ISBN 978-1780764313. Koleka's long career, including 1946 role.
  30. ^ Vickers, Miranda; Pettifer, James (1997). Albania: From Anarchy to a Balkan Identity. New York University Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-1850652908. Koleka's infrastructure projects.
  31. ^ Louis Zanga (1993). Klaus-Detlev Grothusen (ed.). Biographies of Prominent Public Figures. Southeastern Europe Handbook. Vol. 7. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 776. ISBN 3-525-36207-2.
  32. ^ Elsie, Robert (2013). A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. I.B. Tauris. p. 417. ISBN 978-1780764313. Entry on Bedri Spahiu's political career.
  33. ^ "Decree on Ministry of Reconstruction". Gazeta Zyrtare (Official Gazette of Albania) (in Albanian). 12 January 1946.
  34. ^ Fevziu, Blendi (2016). Enver Hoxha: The Iron Fist of Albania. I.B. Tauris. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-1784534851. Malëshova's role and later purge in 1946.
  35. ^ The Party of Labour of Albania: History & Documents. Tirana: Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. 1982. p. 121. Early propaganda ministry structure.
  36. ^ "Social Support Ministry Appointments" (in Albanian). Albanian National Archives (AQSH). Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  37. ^ Hutchings, Raymond (2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press. p. xxx. ISBN 978-0810861886. Minor mention in post-war cabinet lists.
  38. ^ Vickers, Miranda; Pettifer, James (1997). Albania: From Anarchy to a Balkan Identity. New York University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-1850652908. Tashko's agricultural reforms.
  39. ^ "Agriculture Ministry Appointments". Gazeta Zyrtare (Official Gazette of Albania) (in Albanian). 12 January 1946.
  40. ^ Biberaj, Elez (2021). Communist Albania: A Political and Economic History. Routledge. pp. 52–54. ISBN 978-0367744647. Spiru's economic planning and 1947 suicide. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
  41. ^ Elsie, Robert (2013). A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. I.B. Tauris. p. 420. ISBN 978-1780764313. Entry on Nako Spiru.
  42. ^ Sami Vargu, Mumtaz Shehu (1985). "Nushi Gogo (1913–1970)". Albanian encyclopedic dictionary. Tirana: Academy of Sciences of Albania. p. 1067.
  43. ^ The Party of Labour of Albania: History & Documents. Tirana: Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. 1982. p. 118. Nushi's trade union background.
  44. ^ "Trade Ministry Appointments" (in Albanian). Albanian National Archives (AQSH). Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  45. ^ Fischer, Bernd J. (1999). Albania at War, 1939-1945. Purdue University Press. p. 228. ISBN 978-1557531414. Kristo's role in population management.
  46. ^ "Census Registration Ministry Decree". Gazeta Zyrtare (Official Gazette of Albania) (in Albanian). 12 January 1946.

Governments of Albania 1946 establishments in Albania Ministries established in 1946

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