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Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference...

likelihood that the given data set {x1, ..., xn} comes from a normal distribution. Typically the null hypothesis H0 is that the observations are distributed...

computer programming, a null object is an object with no referenced value or with defined neutral (null) behavior. The null object design pattern, which...

the locus in question. A genetic null allele may be both a protein null and an RNA null, but may also express normal levels of a gene product that is...

provision for nulls. Attribute–value system Second normal form (2NF) Third normal form (3NF) Boyce–Codd normal form (BCNF or 3.5NF) Fourth normal form (4NF)...

Lorentzian spacetime. It follows that any normal vector can be expressed as a linear combination of two future directed null vectors, normalised by: k+ · k− =...

In null-hypothesis significance testing, the p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed,...

and in pseudo-Riemannian geometry, a null hypersurface is a hypersurface whose normal vector at every point is a null vector (has zero length with respect...

The null hypothesis (often denoted H0) is the claim in scientific research that the effect being studied does not exist. The null hypothesis can also...

distribution functions of two samples. The null distribution of this statistic is calculated under the null hypothesis that the sample is drawn from the...

test is valid when the test statistic is chi-squared distributed under the null hypothesis, specifically Pearson's chi-squared test and variants thereof...

epistemological importance of the choice of null hypothesis has gone largely unacknowledged. When the null hypothesis is predicted by theory, a more precise...

which the distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis can be approximated by a normal distribution. Z-test tests the mean of a distribution...

pointing along the hyperplane, a normal to the hyperplane is any vector n {\displaystyle \mathbf {n} } in the null space of the matrix V = [ v 1 ⋯ v...

to test the null hypothesis that data come from a normally distributed population, when the null hypothesis does not specify which normal distribution;...

similarity to the multivariate normal distribution. The null hypothesis is that the data set is similar to the normal distribution, therefore a sufficiently...

tests for variance are used to determine whether a normal population has a specified variance. The null hypothesis is that it does. Chi-squared tests of...

call operator, null-conditional operator, null-propagation operator) is a binary operator that returns null if its first argument is null; otherwise it...

observations lead to rejection of the null hypothesis, are small and often "tail off" toward zero as in the normal distribution, colored in yellow, or "bell...

a true null hypothesis. A type II error, or a false negative, is the erroneous failure in bringing about appropriate rejection of a false null hypothesis...