Thorium(IV) iodide
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Thorium tetraiodide
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.283 |
| EC Number |
|
PubChem CID
|
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
| Properties[1] | |
| ThI4 | |
| Molar mass | 739.656 g/mol |
| Appearance | white-yellow crystals |
| Density | 6 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 570 °C (1,058 °F; 843 K) |
| Boiling point | 837 °C (1,539 °F; 1,110 K) |
| Structure | |
| monoclinic | |
| 8 coordinate square antiprismatic | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
83 J/g |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Thorium(IV) iodide is an inorganic chemical compound composed of thorium and iodine with the chemical formula ThI4. It is one of three known thorium iodides, the others being ThI3 and ThI2.
Synthesis
[edit]Thorium(IV) iodide can be made by reacting thorium(IV) carbide or elemental thorium with iodine at 500 °C.[2]
- Th + 2 I2 + → ThI4
It can also be made from the reaction of Thorium(IV) hydride with hydrogen iodide.[3]
Properties
[edit]Thorium(IV) iodide is an extremely air and moisture sensitive solid which exists in the form of crystal platelets that are orange when heated and yellow in the cold. It has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P21/n (space group no. 14, position 2) and the lattice parameters a = 1321.6 pm, b = 806.8 pm, c = 776.6 pm, β = 98.68°.[2] It can also form a decahydrate. It forms complexes with Lewis bases. It reacts with thorium to form thorium(III) iodide and thorium(II) iodide.[4]
Usage
[edit]Thorium(IV) iodide is used as an intermediate for the production of high-purity thorium by thermal decomposition of the compound (see Van Arkel-de Boer process)[3]
References
[edit]- ^ "Chemical Entity Data Page: Thorium iodide". The Chemical Thesaurus. Meta-synthesis. Retrieved 16 December 2010.
- ^ a b Brauer, Georg; Baudler, Marianne (1975). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie. 3 (in German). Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke. p. 1140. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
- ^ a b The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (Set Vol. 1–6). Springer. 2010. pp. 61, 83. ISBN 978-94-007-0211-0.
- ^ Inorganic Chemistry. Pearson Education. 2005. p. 756.
 | This inorganic compound–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |